n
N'
ii
. A'ansni
.
r
it
1 :
nf tiatr am nvrvntlln..a1.. i.iL-a
RED CLOUD nmEFi : - gsar'TJac
c Bicwiiop. w unout sucn a metna.
many weary journeys would be necs
aary ere all the hay required for a lonp
winter could be brought down. It an
pears the Norwegjaa fanner borrowed
A. C. HOSMER, Proprietor.
BUILD WELL.
High on the granite wall tbe builders, tolling.
Heaved up the massive blocks and slab to
place.
With swart and streaming brows and straining:
sinews.
Under the summer's blaze. .
imw
tr
we
roaA
lBBs
cuvjl
dnTf
r
Ind higher jet. amid the chills of autumn.
tier and arch upon arch arose:
pt upward, coldly, wearily, slowly.
r silting snows.
to staxe up springs tbe master-
'. cheering, chiding here and there;
th srrutlny severe and rigid
laborer s share.
Anonhirolce tothote most dUtsnt ahnutlnv
Throa the hoarse trumpet makes his orders
swcl;
Or utter, words like these, to rouse and hearten:
"Uui!reU.mymen, build well:
"Toe rojs are strong and new, and sound the
pulley;
The dcrlck'K tx-ams are equal to the strain;
cncrrinif irethe level, line and plummet;
Let naujht be done In vain I
"Build th the wall to coming generations
Your Hfcti, your ktrcngth. your faithfulae
shall tej;
That all may say. as storms and centuries test
them.
The men o'.olrt built well:"
Anil ever thus ;-aU the irreat Master-Builder
, T,,s. hens'erour"journi-y ork" may be:
V hal:Vr the toil, the season, or the structure.
JluIlU well tiullil worthily!"
U.S. Ilrunn.in Journal of Education.
countries. A stroke of the district
judge's pea is sufficient under the
pie laws of Norway.
Os a death of a farmer, his children
v a and daughters alike have th
property equally divided among them.
Btould tbe farm be Insufficient for all
the idea of this hay-telegraph from hist t&ir wants, an amicable arrangement
brother hillsman of the Tyrol about! UWally made, by which the surplus
KOIiSKE FARMS.
Difficulties Encountered in Tilling
Farms in Norway.
Bomottilnr of the Fanner and Ills Ero.
aonuc Methods Kvrry ftquare Foot of
Utllixed An Ingenious liar
Telegraph.
Land
While traveling in Norway recently,
the writer had an opportunity of ob
taining Homo practical information in
connection with farming in that
country, and the following remarks
are intended to illustrate the typical
Jj condition of the peasantry. In certain
portions of the Houth, principally in
the Christiania district, comparatively
large running operations are carried
on. The contrast between Norwegian
farms and those he has left behind at
lioine, must strike the least observant
tourist. Yet, though ho sees much
that Microti to him rude and antiquated,
one Mion finds there are not a low les
sons awaiting the agriculturist in the
-lntiil of the vikings. So adverse are
IuVj conditions under which the Norske
former struggles, that the latter must
I almost -after the manner born."
LliA's, is not too much to add that, to
"te-nge farmer, certain bankruptcv
result where a Norwe-imi rem
."Uth'is bread and lirnsnei-.
kSrst impression of any ordinary
Fcgian farm-ste:iding is not very
Jrablc. A cluster of houses, small
aged, crowd around a large dwell-
f-house, which generally looks
3what dilapidated. But this an-
ice is deceptive; for the walls
g of wood, they look old in a few
and' become blotched and seared
weather. The roof is of tha
m M
T iMBe material, or, in the caso of tho
principal building, cither of red tile or
5 slab. Sometimes the dwelling-house
jili painted . white, jr hen the affect is to
fTi tmevo th sombre aspect of tho group.
THhn wiillafntvi .miipIIw ai .! u
Ufr&b Meatier-proof, planjcs aLqut -,----,
..wBarn i . - . " "-. "
,TOd in their
leso planks aro placed
le jinotiicr. crossed una
the angles, and calked
In !. It.l. .1 S !.!
-, UIC If' UJ II1USS. A. SklU
' of thin j placed over tho outside.
while trior is lined smoothly
with bdlrisidc there is an air of
comforl cleanliness. A table
stands tenter of tho chief room;
ad nhj wall a bench runs, which
serves lairs, of which there is
I
usuallwelieiency. rrom pots on
tho lloq is sometimes trained uji-
wardsrfroof, giving tho room a
festive refreshing look. Not uu-
requenhu worthy farmer is proud
to havo dres.ses of liis daughters
hung jJspicuous positions, in order
mt sxn w ho call may see that the
" danuseif well provided with gar
ments ;:iso of a matrimonial al
, lianco.-
t The houses aro generally an im-
'Hr'roreni on those usually seen in En
gland i Scotland. The building is
hsrger, hd more space is allotted to
each amal, while a clean wooden
floor Ordinarily beneath the cattle.
Little no bedding is given. The
level ofho cowhouses is in most cases
space
regu-
larly4iweKlIruugh au opening in the
Boor.
Omsldal
U(UV vuiuuukb in in uiusi u
nssadjgh enough to allow of a Sj
beBefth;to which the refuse is r
Itobul
Lair- RritKSJfcSi il
a.W . t- . il 1
fi ye. w
kll sides, there ljfno
Ira knot thsii st
grows iinrkivskV
iaordlry vilW
unur'mu a
Bui,
land
re,V
tacwaiik hU1
Uaialv pendeat
. I . . . i
bin Mlns.
G
i hundred feet.
iMr (Bccttrs in Ike
rye the dii
ttfajratwork.
MUD
which grows
of rock.
early
not
a:m of grass wai
raotafootof
Mfl rocni
evuUed,aad1si
Temoved by tka:
K- line
tf&pastwa
thefi
which :i
VlHsea;y
hM4h
dings, one is apt to
is the farm? Look
tains hem us in on
room for fields as
home; but grass
among toe rocks.
,tch as large as
a. There, tho
f his hay-crop.
cattle are
the eight
hay-field is
upward some
where an
birch, and
,fdhnNof a
theianaer.
awning the
nar-
fm
tui
eight years ago. The hay crop is the
product of natural grass, no seed being
sown, nor any admixture of clover be
ing used.
The cereals are generally oats and
barley; these are planted wherever
there is a likelihood of their growing.
Small patches from twenty feet to as
many yards square are common; while
not unfrequently the cornfields are
but a name, for they meander like a
stream in all directions among the
huge bowlders and bare rocky hillocks
which compose so great a part of tbe
surface of a farmland. The heads are
usually very light, and their appear
ance would cause a painful smile on
the face of a Western farmer. Still,
the people cheerfully sow and thank
fully reap their scanty harvest, con
tented if Providence gives them suffi
cient for their few wantn.
The method employed in drying the
hay and corn crops is different from
that which obtains in this country. In
the former case, poles are erected on or
near the patches, and between them
ropes or long sticks aro laid till a sort
of six-barred railing is made. On these
bars the hay is laid, and dried in a
most effective manner. The corn, on
tho other hand, is tied in small bundles
and impaled on poles placed at inter
vals in the fields. The.se poles aro
about nine feet high, and capable of
holding ten sheaves each. Tho grain
is thus elevated above the ground; and
should a rain storm set in before it can
be conveyed to the granary, little
results, for half an hour's wind and
nuuwutne morougniy ones tuo crop.
In the great valley of Voss, tho fields
aro more extensive than those just de
scribed, Indeed, a field of two to three
acres can be seen on more than one
farm near Tringe.
With regard to tho potato crop, tho
same kind of miniature farming occurs,
only "much more so," as Mark Twain
would say. A seed is dropped here and
there wherevor npossibilit exists of its
taking root. In tho Noerodal, tho
writer noticed potatoes growing on a
bowlder, where a soil of about eighteen
inches had gathered or been placed.
Tho "field" was a triangle, whose sides
wore each about twelve feet in length!
Turnips would appear to bo outside
tho economy of a Norwegian farm.
Though a wide area was visited, em
bracing Ilergens-Amt, Hardanger and
part or tho Sogne district, not a bulb
was visible; a curious feature, consid
ering tho importance of such a crop for
food.
The portion of the farm given up to
crop and failow is styled the in-marken,
or inside fields; between that and the
Held aro tee out-marlgn. Tho latter
aro reserved, as a rule, for tho cattle
during winter; the ltiy being allowed
to grow In the summer whilo tho cows
are at too aeners on the mountains.
Manuring is not resorted to as a regu
lar part of the routine; tho fields aro
left from time to time for throo or four
years, by rotation, iu grass.
The farmers themselves are worthy
of more than the brief description
which can bo given here. A life of
constant activity and mountain climb
ing has bred a class of men scarcely to
bo excelled. They are tall and strongly
no excess of flesh, for they
always in training. Their athletic
frames aro supplemented by good
huftwred, honest faces, always ready
to break into a laugh. A uniform suit
of pilot-cloth does not, however en
hance their appearance. One does not
readily associate tbe Sunday clothes
of a navvy with the Norwegian farmer.
Their former 'dress, which some of the
old men retain, is more becoming. And
happily, we still find the truo moun
taineer's costume in some of the more
secluded districts a broad hat, short
jacket of home-inado cloth, ornate with
bright buttons; leather kneo-breechos.
and heelless shoes of a soft tough hide.
The never-absent knife hangs suggest
ively at the right side. Add limbs of
large proportions, a frank face, a back
as straight as a soldiers, and you see
the typical fjcldsman. Tho farms of
Soebo and Skja'gadals will be familiar
examples to the tourist.
In the summer months, female serv
ants, or tbe daughters of the farmer,
tend tho cattle high up in the fjeld.
living in setters or cabins, where they
prepare cheese and butter.
Excepting for such luxuries as coffee,
sugar and tobacco, tho farmer in Nor
way can be independent of the outside
world. His fields and stock give him
food and clothing; while from the tim
ber on his hillsides he builds his houses,
and manufactures his furniture." There
is no lack of plate in those little farm
houses; the hostess can muster quite a
display of silver mugs, spoons and
drinking-cups. Some of the spoons are
worthy of special notice, for the pat
terns aro delicate and chaste. A fa
vorite kind is that with the thin twisted
handle. Any Sunday or fete-day, one
may also observe tho profusion with
which the female population adorn
themselves with silver and gold. The
arrival of a steamer in some of tho less
frequented districts is enough to stim
ulate tho wives and lasses to attire
themselves in all their bright costume
and filigree nicknacks. It is occasion
ally the fortune of a wanderer among
the fjords and fjelds thus to witness
these gathering of the women-folk.
Many of the ornaments and plate find
their way to shops in the larger towns,
and also to hotel parlors, where they
lie, tempting objects to the tourist
matron and miss. On inquiring into
the cause which led to the Norske
women parting with their adornments,
we were informed that it was generally
done by intending emigrants.
There is no feudal principal in Nor
way. Th land is neM by its owner
absolutely, without any tenure from
th kiag.dr superior. Property thus
reaairee a charter, and the owners
have never, been subject to military
The facility with
on payment of
ryattm. and settle else-
enurate. It might seem
tnamuwj gjgtetn of subdivision would
ultimately resui In impoverished hold
ings; but, as jstly remarked by Mr.
Samuel Lalag ij his Diary, the res sou
that such an isue is prevented lies in
the fact that inKorway the land being
held in full owership. "its aggregation
by tbe deaths if co-heirs and by the
marriage of finale heirs among the
body of landomers, balances its subdi
vision by the fual succession of chil
dren." There is nokristocracy in Norway,
unless it be pat of successful enter
prise and labr. The farmer owns no
superior, is uniformly polite and hos
pitable to al; while servility and
obscqulousnea are utterly foreign to
his nature.
Sufficient las been given in this
short sketchto enable the reader to
form an idenof Norwegian farms and
firmers. If I should occur tc any one
toinquire wly it is that rasr. tell year
by year in ahard and constant strug
gle, where firming is a task of tho ut
most difficisty and hazard, we feel
suks tho reply, and only reply. Is this,
th the land thev till is their own.
Thiy love it, for on it their fathers
livid many o! them can trace their
ana-stors as far hack as the grand old
dayi of the vikings and they, unless
compelled by force of circumstances,
aro happy to reap and sow the same
aens season after. With all the forces
of lature arrayed against them, these
met can show that their small hold
ing! feed them and their children; and
male them the backbone, tho strength,
of gimle Korge. HaUouts Monthly.
m
i HUNTING FAT FROGS.
Thej Kaperlonro or a Nrw Yorker la the
Marsh of Jersey.
"pie llackcnsack meadows, over in
JciHy, is about the best place to hunt
for frogs."
So spoke a Fulton street markotman
the other morning.
L?At winter," ho continued, 'I dug
eleveil dozen frogs out of ono hole on
Sprout branch of Saddle river. An or-
BARN GREELEY.
OeaafsT Cfcat Aawat ta Groat Sow Tsrfc
Editor Oaljr Brataor.
Five miles west of this place. ner
the little village of Columbus, la aa
old, weather-beaten framo bouse, the
only brother of the great editor, Hortee
Greeley, lives the life of a beralt.
Barnes Greeley, who is now nearly
eighty years of age. has lived on
this farm for the past scty
years. He is known far and wite,
ia Erie and Warren counties, on
account of his family and his miny
eccentricities, and because of his new-
falling good nature, his abundant lad
unaffected warm-heartedncs, and his
keen, though somewhat erratic, in
telligence. The old farmer is tall nd
spare, but of powerful build, and, is
noted for his slovenly drew and his
antipathy for water, both internjlly
and externally. lie says that witer
taken into the system in immodefate
quantities is fully as injurious as
whisky. In his slovenliness o! at
tire may doubtless be found a fapily
characteristic which, in Horace
Greeley, had been too often attribitcd
by his critics to a weak affectation tor
Jt.h piiriMi-e of attracting public attention.
The farm on which Barnes (Ir-e'y J
has lived so ion; Ls a large and fcrlie I
one, but it has a look of desertion aid
neglect. Ho seems to care to mike
only a living out of what would hive
made a thriftier man independealy
rich long ago. It was on this farm bat
Horace and Karnes GreeJpy were liys
together, and it wits hero that Hori-e,
who had gone to the great East to I, rn
the printer's trade, came eomctim! to
spend a vacation, and even in t! c
uays the yearnings of Horace s m-
bitlon were plainly rhowu. In t s,
tramps through the forent he
confide to his brother his ! roams of
future greatness. Long afterwid.
when Horace Greeley becamw' gfat
editor and if man whoseauie as
known on both sides therAttantii he
did not forget his brother up in he
wilds of Pennsylvania. One da be
sent for Barnes to MH to New Irk
and made him his' traveling agentsid
then gave himaC place on bis ediUaal
staff, and offofJ,hlm various positifcs,
from ail of srMch the farmersretireiia
WJCHINO AN iCLIPSC,
A fi
UJ
turn, niidVa'.ewtually went back tolls
larm a.snsaf pointed man.
"aJwyeu want to Know wny ife-
nracl'liome?' he still asks his aeiii
btrsaomettmes. "Well. Til toll you I
der cane to mo for ei-'ht dozen, and as w"w w n P"ce i would o-
I had ot a jumper in mv winter pit V4,WU 80 osme home' l P"'"
homo, and not -a 1100 was to lie smW '" k,Dff amon ho rather th
nog among Kings.- names ureeiws
antipathy to water is not a uuit
rot
above water, the prospects for my M0
for that eight dozen frogs lookei bkw.
But I took a jaunt over to the'Waach.
and alter looking over the .ground
found a hole that seemed ilkoly, and
all at ouce the idea jumpal into my
head to drain it and dig ,001 the sleep
ing beauties. Water-logged wood and
leaves had formed A natural dam at the
little pond's outlet? and it only took
half a day's worVio cut tho dam away
and then bail out the water which
would not mm mnd there I had the
whole nake4Sm of the pond spread
out rcJMlypaJBVjf work.
WJtVuple of flat boards strapped
to my1fcuK that I would not sink, I
went ovaFtfie mud with a scoop
shovel, tniimpkll over to the depth of
about eight incVs),and out of that lit
tle pond I took emtsvdozen table-sise
bullfrogs not veryjjhito be sure, and
awfully drowsy; bat afcobn remedied
that by soaking thorn itfjya, for a
couplo of days in warm water. frog
takes in water through the 8Cht,';you
know, and everv conscientious sMn&frJ
soaks his frogs before ho sells thsmV$tlt can happen in tho life of a calkl
thwi
stronger than hU disliko to
He is a strong prohibitionist, and
vocatos mo doctrine 01 "no wnisklor
free whisky," His presentgopd vttc
he attributes in a great rp o th
fact that he never j?" hacoo
(Tirom whisky.
WH DrcaarMd
aisvaar. nf.
that he la .-
Cftildhaasfe.aaJ
e mathematical j
" flfteenyeK Si'SS
o a blank. -a .i I .lu "1B",M
iaoctaia
I JsacwaCI
As U time for the celime d
aear, tl, number of visitors to the cas
tle gray increased, and the prepara
tion, .tended through long wcks,
receive their final touches. At last
the lb of August dawned "the
great, m Important day1 ushered ia
with tl clearest of skies and the most
radiaafunbeanu. Twenty or thirty of
the girds, in snowy drv. watched
the cxle and all Its entrance, and
none rept the specially Invited guest
were xmltted. The instruments were
carefuv adjusted for instant u and.
in plof the torrid heat, we were all
astir fith eager anticipation. The
guetquietly gathered in the open
pace below the instrument, and a
subdul hum of pleasant conversation
filled he hot noontide. The eclipso
was tj begin at thirty-scTcn minute
after to o'clock. About an hour befoi
this. 4clicate little white cloud rto
up tefard the zenith and spread
quitl over the bright, blue kjtiT
til evil the visitor began to lUrSC up
ward. with some fear lest Jpi after
noon dght be only partly cjr after alL
And iat little white cj4 not only
grew Into irrcat size bmlf. but it wa
joineijtiy other andjKrker oaes from
all djections. whUp a they seemed
to giii confidenTfrom numbers aca
blackjess. soqsrihut out the sun com
plete and spread consternation over
overs faoefround us. Tho beginning
of tbb ejittiae was not seea at all, but
we iuftva few glimpse of the sua
afteprunl agrad'tally narrowing cres-
Al'lt became apparent that my part
Vi . , i . . . . ..
i. me wotk wnicn waa to araw tne
iilmy. outermost streamers of tbe
corona could not Le done. 1 left my
appointed station and hasteaed to the
upper castle wall. Here, standing
near the instrument. I watched the
strange landscape under its gray
shroud. Even inanimate things seem
endowed at times with a terrible life
of their own, aad this deliberate, slow
moving pall of cloud seemed a malig
nant power, sot to be evaded. At the
instant of totality a darkness and
silence like that of death fell upon the
castle aad the town aad all the world
around.
Not a word was spoken; the very air
about us wa motionless, as if all
nature were in sympathy with our sus
pense. The useless instruments out
lined their fantastic shapes dimly
against the massing clouds, and a
weird chill fell upon the earth. Darker
aad still darker it grow. Every trace
of color fled from the world. Cold,
dull-ashen gray covered the face of
nature, aad a low rumble of thunder
muttered ominously on the horizon.
EveaK at that supreme moment my
PROVERBS REVISED.
fthat
always abstal
Although romarki
physically for a
Greeley is
preaching 1 h:
fures out b,
tem of his o
mind will
five years
age of one
never married,
seatatlve of the
Greeley family.;-
cago UcralcL
cope
weeks of
eastla-HUI
feat pre
-"- msHi mvuaumi a
w"i die at the;r: -v .t t
rodyenr. fi . TT .uT aV
iiaii -am. isnuia.A
ft. i. "l j " "aa
-- msjis reprs own upon
branch of tk
jra.jctiK CUI
Lt
ABOUT FAVOfrfMl
My winter frogs woke right up in tha
warm water, and when I delivered
them were lively and plump."
"If the frog has one enemy ho has a
thousand. Herons oat him. and so do
ducks, snakes, fishos. kingfishers, owls,
crawfishes, and most every water in
sect that llvo. Man is not his worst
enemy by a good deal; and when a man
is willing to pay enough for a frog to
enable the hotel to pay me f3 a dozen for
them, then I say man deserves every
frog he gets. Yes, there Is money in
frog hunting for one who kuows how,
especially in winter. I have what 1
call a winter frog-pit at home, mado
up of several tubs of mud and warm
water in a room kept at a mild tem
perature all the time, which I stock
well in the fall, and sell from when tho
marshes are frozen up. It is an old
country idea,and is common in Paris,
where they never see a frog half aa
big as our bullfrog from one year's
end to the other." K Y. Mail ami Ex
press.
TRICKS OF PHOTOGRAPHY.
flaa riet-
'4WL
-
at th Mast Crashlas; fare la
Ufa at a Child.
One of tho most unfortunate taiari
reliamM&jear
'iB!!ge ci
I
The
aftha law tab
rho eaa
oattly msralawy
ia
Hew Seas of taa Dlaloas la
rs are Proa are.
There aro various ways for providing
surprising results in photography,
things that in one ago would have been
called magic, but in ours recognized as
scientific tricks. The ghost picture,
for instance, in which a shadowy ghost
through which material objects are
visible is seen between natural atti
tudes and occupations. This is pro
duced by an almost Instantaneous ex
posure of tho figure that is to do duty
as tho ghost, followed by a full expos
ure of the figures and properties that
are to appear natural. Another novel
trick was shown recentlv in a Photo
graph reproduced by a prominent trade
journal, which presented tho photo
grapher, seated at a table, playing
chess, with himself sitting on tha ap
posite side of tho table, while ha him
self stood up in the background looking
at his two selves playing.
The figures were all on the negative,
which was produced by three succes
sive exposures of the plate, parts
thereof being masked eachtiaie by a
black velvet shutter. Still another
trick is that by which a per who
likes that sort of thing may isnr ta
be photographed riding on a tying
goose or a th or "any other desired
style of ridiculous locomotion. Ihie
is done by the subject holding upon his
Up a huge piece of white or sky-tinted
card with the fanciful figure drawn
upon it His face appear above the
uoper edge of tha card aad seems ia
tha picture, joined to tha fuauy listlt
body meaated aa tha gaasa or fish.
Tha status picture is asaaa by
bo exposed to the Injustice w
real favoritism, and yet
o of tha most
the tesamr$ia sjiool.
even pawswoiiemsetves. attHpolfcrtwntu
likely to bo Nfaway bvJISe natural
fondness whicaMMMMllfilran are tc
much more likely yTCsjMS than othetv,
or by the less dispensable motives ol
prejudice or of interest. Perfect fair
ness in tho treatment of a collection ol
children is, perhaps not to lie expected,
impartiality being a more Godlike at
tribute than is often attained to bv
mere humanity; but in its plainer man
ifestations favoritism is an evil which
should be most vigorously observed.
Tbe hopelessness of children under a
sense of injustice is one of the ruosl
crushing forces that can work to maim
and distort a child's mind. He is not
able to see beyond tho obvious and in
stant features of the situation, and the
fooling that some favoritism, some arbi
trary expression of prejudice is work
ing against him, convinces despairingly
that effort is useless and that he is be
ing cruelly wronged. The childish
nature becomes warped, and embittered
and there is perhaps no other single
factor which can come into a young
life with so disastrous effect as this.
The teacher who allows herself to
gratify personal likes and dislikes Is
doing an injury to his pupils which
can only bo called incalculable. It
must be recognized, moreover, that
children are likely to misunderstand,
so that an appearance of favoritism is
to be avoided. This is one of the con
siderations which make the training of
children a matter of so much delicacy
and intricacy. It is necessary not only
to treat children with scrupulous hon
esty, but make them feel that they are
sa
lt may bo said. also, that children
who are always suspecting partiality
and favoritism are not to be en
couraged in taking this view of things.
Whether they are right or wrong, they
should be trained as far as is pos
sible not to see. and above all
things, not to look for injustice on
the part of their instructors. The
child who, by injudicious parent,
has bean encouraged to believe that
hi iastructors are partial, is a terror
to those who hare to deal with him,
and in the end is aot unlikely ta become
a burden to himself. He goes through
life sour and suspicious, and it is doubt
ful if the result of allowing himself to
feel that he i improperly
at, aa tha whole.
subjectiaghim Wtasi injustice ia tha
The whole subject is aa
sat
MmaaaiawaiehallsU
salvia aU
SSWaTaSSanaSiyi
flew backward over the eight
mile of land aad stormy
j traveled, the ton of felo
ns wun sucn care,' me
at waiting at 'the old
long journey and
stios faVvJUs-t these
s time.
raway no fast.
waro gone! One
Vl lln.l.i.i.. H.,l,..,l
Totality was over
4Jny rift in the clouds
er edge of the sun for
was gone. And a pro
of great nervous ten-ion
me up from tho crowd be-
A I'nllimtf V Wtlrf fnst rrr..rit f. It.,
,, .. -.. ". .wfc, V...W ,7 ..
mejCsurcd at once, and it wns some
Ctajutcs before we cared to speak. Wo
3 trusted Nature, and she had failed
. ....
us. nnu our sense 01 helplessness was
overwhelming.
Every astronomical student now
knows how the track of this ill-fated
eclipse was followed by clouds all along
its course, and how totality and the
wished-for corona were hidden by
clouds from nearly all the eager eyes
and waiting instruments through its
entire length. But an astronomer must
be philosophic; and our astronomer
nobly displayed this quality.
And so. gradually, our visitors left
us. and the sound of demolishing and
packing was heard on the bill. The
tents were folded, and the party dis
persed. Mabel I.oomis Todd, in Si.
Xieholas.
STEEL-PLATED SHIPS.
How the Artloa of alt Water Speedily
laenta Their Armor.
Accounts from the United State
steamer Dolphin, flagship of Rear Ad
miral Kimberly, commanding the Pa
cific squadron, would seem to indi
cate that the action of salt water
on the bottoms of steel vessels tends
toward rendering them unservice
able for sea duty in a much shorter
space of time than was calculated upon.
Tho rust and galvanic action combined
have already made little indent In her
plating to a depth of three-sixteenths
of an inch, which in plates originally
only seven-sixteenths of an inch shows
that considerable care will have to be
taken with the vessels of the new steel
navy that are destined to cruie for a
considerable length of time in the
waters along the South American coast,
without having an occasional docking
and repainting.
The Dolphin is by no means the first
vessel that has suffered from this
cause of tbe waters of the Pacific.
which seem particularly bad in their
effect on steel or iron craft. All the
steamers of the Pacific Steam Naviga
tion Company trading on that coast,
as well as the Pacific Steamship Com
pany's vessels, have to be docked and
painted at least three times a year.
The Chilian mea-of-war are likewise
great sufferers in this particular, aad
are docked every four months, at each
of which times four coats of aati
fouling paiat are applied. The result
lathe case of the Dolphin will proba
bly be tbe replacing of her water-Una
plates by thicker metal, or the cover
ing of the present armor by a belt of
plates exteadiag a spase nam what
abeve aad below the water Una, "Tha
pittiag.naitkcalkd.ext4)dsalomgtha
vessel's water Una, sntag worst
hips aad tapering toward the
aadaU this
that tha v
Oft Laws Tin sSirsaiS e eM lae Waa
T tee BUelec CleasratUew
Hunger has so ar,hce wbdom
must give first place to dinner.
"A rolling stoao gather ao aoa,"
but it' "gets ovrr a grrat deal.
"Every man is tho architect oJ hi
own fortunr. which saree all chaaoa
of hard frsliag oa account of competi
tive exaaiaatioas.
"Faithful art? the wounis of a friwd.M
and there are none toons punctiliously
given.
The last that was not least is held by
Si. Louis man
Chicago girl'
"A mis
Mrs. Is
"ITx
flrt
loJvtT bn made for a
ana -
m:
iajm fSSfi a a mile. ' but a
nsoa as aaamjua.
c usyjeasat af l rclald tha
oJPfcvsry Januarys
SP samper tyrsaausahmaj be freely
rejirsd: "The sisk avwma ore tyr-
"Lore goes eat tflMJIHM wbesl
poverty eaters thjow.M bB'sa,.
poverty eflMftas doVr. to Mamas
lag "fcSeT estsrHry fm
crsanlssMat the wladaw. I f
.rsuiav . .. . I mM dm..
eS BSSS "M SJ BJ
SSMeVVrl
I. ) ii
r. a
i
ta
ut
JsT" afas!! 1
cfjoc ano mmmnmm f J
tat emmtss armuBm.ammr - ;m
lg, sjnMBanhhhhnnanhT sannnnnnnBBnnnBBW !sawsv .. 1
maw Wnntw R sasnTRuet- ' 1- m
Prsk Jssaam ami ft M
sm phsnv
sal - - Mabsessst- nam nanasi
Rjsnav.srisyamila
hi vwryasmjwmai hard sua- Ci
h ;Uaa-aeihud-armi -
T e kenraanaf aad Impsrtani dis-
" y .? M
u of aaaaamaaaaan aaama sssmmyg k
jj tVsjB WttmT anmsavw sannjj VPswai Vr RssyJkPsj
"C wt aMnflstaBM s9sseVisiltWwJr Xla
f asahemaaa may b. greatly -eiVVsatmiagthsai
wkh wtas
esnmsaasa warn ana ann
but when a mnanavja the
una ana ua mass amat.
out her.
All men are bom frss sjuaasjaal.
but unfortuaately aome mea tva ti
equal to two or three of thltwlo
"IVlde goebeforw a fall." land t
"winter of dksooeteat" come aBstv
Geraaa
aeaka af
Taaam
stay uasW
mUuta.ara
eat by ma In rsarumr
who aaa worfc W tha
asessar has arigia-
plaaaiag
Hi aaiag
"'
m o
hal
p r
.
tl
iapi
--' -"- " fca
astalihstsadls. tha fast sesnn-
ml waa haaisd avsr ami s. - -u
bbBbbw BBaBaasT nans naBBBW snllflaBBVshhhnar teasnasmem jfW faf snasal BBShaa Veaam mnaeaas
"A poet Ls bora not neld,'tjac :
women persist ia writing rbj
God help them that hel
elves." so that drummer
table are sure of
Heaven.
"He that is down aoed fear
because feather fall o softly.
"The blind can aot lead tkj
ana a justice ana lore oosn in
bandaged eyes, neither oaa JtJde
other.
Many mea who profes to
live in the pursuit of virtue 1
take care to keep so far
there is ao danger whatevej
overtaking her.
And speaking of proverbs.
nothing easier thaa the
of pseudo-proverb, it oae
arive his mind to it. as wltagm th
lowing, which, if not vjjry go
least serve well enough Isrillustml
Never put a gift cigar ia the m
A man mav weasrswmk ts. ai
only a drummer lae bmid
It is the Last afu that costs.
A man is knawa by the do' h Vi
Ono mayJIsarn at every horn
station thataman may be a starte
sever tsvt
ThefsTI no ycstonlay for poix-oi
PrSVldenco aiwavs provides a
lasfihfor the wind to blow upon.
T"hf barber takrs even the klnj
f the noe. ItttjJ'uto Courier
BALLOT REFORM.
Mow to Kreillrate tome of the lnl
of I'ollllral "Unm Viorh."
This is ono of the rsfonn
must come, for without It our
of popular government can in
maintained, hvery election. ess
in our large cities, show that unt
reform is secured all other rwfor
lmpo;lble of accomplishment.
control of the election machinal
the printing and distributing
ballots, must lie taken from th
ticians and put inUi tho hands
State. That Is, we must take tho j
to control our elections away fr
men who have no responsibility
Interest in government save
gance and corruption and
into the hands of official!
aro sworn to uo their uu
what use is l: to try to get
men nominatsi tor office
leave in tho hands of the
workers tho power to defeat
the polls bv distributing fraudt
defective ballots, or by making
ami "dickers" which cheat tho.
of their will? We have talked fd
about reforming the primaries 1
nominating convention, but
particle of progress has beon
Under the Massachusetts lai
hundred voters. In cao of 1
for Mate omce. and any one
voters, in ease of a candidate f3
ser office, by uniting in a pet
behalf of a candidate of their
can have his name printed u
official ballots and have thoo
distributed at tho polls at thel
expense. What more certain
reforming the primaries could
vised than this? If there wet
law in New York City there wc
an enu to tne astonuain? si
which I there so often pretest
"bos" setting up a candidate
own for office in spite of all
and frequently electing him ia 1
all opposition. Under such a
"boeses" and primaries would
short time loe their present
nance in our politics.
In fact, there is scarcely a
iniquity known to our election
which a good ballot law wr
eradicate. We should be rid ;
stroke of the assessment uj
dates, of the bribing and bnlW
voter, of the nomination of n
unfit candidate., of "d
"dicker" and "trade" at
All those would disappear, fr
pie reason that the machlc
tions would be taken out of
of irrcsponsib! and oftea
men. Such as obvkru aad it
reform a this eaa aot be long I
Century.
In a Ssstaw Police
W
- cerise
e7
rt cm
tor Hit
Oil 'ill'
li
at
'
m BBugea.
te 1 wish urcs.
- 0 a i the taeswy that tras avs
ot 'agularity aad pUatltude of raia-
Svll. tied graraUy acevpted a tfcaogft
tiXstm ia natural phUosapay. it W
It g vigorously aStacked. says tha
fa u mm Vrw. The trouble ha beam
tt.a day fact favaraat to tats ay-
aotvahj have been
the "ault of impartial
grs,i n. t show that rauas aad 4frt
ha - hnrn badly mixed.
't-Wt. ?.-.
Ureetlatksa
vapor af
je4ainml
kMmm
tm
,aib
fsul m -u-7 f" SJiusiwj w
u f-'hich Uaursviag
if aevV " ?
thaa tJ?L?Lft?
Vf as-sajam BAB -amar
is aeae si . Z
af
af a
'd
)'Kesvor Brown-Hequard ha I
inak B experimat W detacmla)
m b nbr the human breath wa capa
bli af. produclag aaioaons .
lV.f4vthe coadeased watery vapor at
th" .lSplred air or breath, h 01
a tKiaianou liquid, whieh. wh
je. fi? under the akin of rabbit.
dto 4: almost immedlata aeata.
mblss died without coavuleioas, tha
hi rad barge blood vvaael being aa
g'rassa with blood. Thl warns t
sUwtbt human brrath eoatsias a
V(l:ttsV poUonou principle which U
rr ostdelaUrious than earboak said.
-A Helfaatmachlalet has dissavarad
a prrs by which tha fiber af tha
p! rheea can b readily asaaratad
f -oatheJr wooly aad gammy cov-
i.g.jau producing a fiber at a low
I rltsfwhlah will" admit af bring u4
f r ii ssaaufactura of rape, cordage
1 nd '-troves goad. Kbssa Is a ptaat
frosm vary widely ia Southern aad
vLVrrn Ails, aad oaa aapable at aul-
Irawoa la tbe teasaarata part af
lurapo and America. ItUtastroag-
vtVrgcUbU nbejrthai hayt beam
lioavered. and la haslda, the aaoth-
rstStid moUtf-
There are faul " J. v
r.,amir(IMe la fghlch U.revlag
ud time-saving da
eraly used
making, aad is
voajpv goalusseaa
rewarded thaa lathis.
wtsficansavea faw
mailag a pair af
hsfiwinms fartaas, aftsa fraatsr
aufof taepeapta who umtaaprad
o f Ais ingenuity eaa hapa fer. for I
or object af lasting fcy sna-
haWry no less thaa 'iMdlaswaat d
lids have beea pmUcnitLHt Msl
.egfAtr AVmsr.
e. .
' I PUMOtNT PARASRAPHS.
Editor "I think t write bsstar
lain t used to." Editor's w ate "Ton
teles. That'bHer.'' rVr-
U.
If any body wants o tsst tha Isily
ambliag let him lake chances at a
ity fair. Tha viperieas wUl as a
od object leon.--giWmir
U She "The bass am as
fir giving position af trust ta
r. Jo." Tha monster -M la
ruL" Shswu haUava ia asn.
aying wemva ia haaks. thear Tha
r "1 da. framea are barn tat
w 2m.
Editer-lhat little Item af years
etaayrsmisdsdmsstyuaglyaf
Faaay
Btushiag )-"Ah, maak yaa. It Is kind
ysute ssy ssv la what rvaaeet
I iaulrsr aHar (a4dk)--a
arraripaUy.-ITMl issli M.
-"laatlc, fith lwaadan.nlsa m
"that
thewiaetlaa
fsrvid aanmsar. "Tss. Mr.
m simply aba
af etsthsram taally
"jr. T.
--Mrs, JTamjii I aa
aismhhewtmaa aiillaga
Baw ta
Mr.
that la
tsa--Whatiis taawf
afltnaaaT---
Tawdam.
a
pasta tha
yaar - da, Maria, Msfi Jasm,
ri
sgFa TTrtaWw wasngBnr (Maaajp aaTssS'srMj saw
caawaasoifl
by frimnta. Mr.
$-
.
"f
,fJ aaa aad
twa wamaa Mst
-f1! ahaatab
' saw BharrtsaV
aaatd haea haht
Mm Ifsssats
beli
"Priaoaer." said tha
you are charged with
dead drunk os the street.
you to say?
"I reckon Vol guilty, yourl
"Tea dollar-sand cast. Nei
charge agalastyau. air. Hai
plea ta make?
"Tour Haaar. aapUs
wiping his vpactaale aa tha
asataad spwsisgwfth
"with yaur aaraaamiae I
a plea af guilty ta tha
disss vstiai aa a
whileia that
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s sn. sasja STasat aa ssssa exaaaay asasaa. aTsTsl
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I sbb"l Sasaaay "Snjay aaaay aaaaay aw ssssssr g,y j, j aTaTai
I 9 SaaaBnvT;fVMs1SaTB .ol j 9
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m :&&1&F& ' lfarlaBBalatUBS
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