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RED CLOUD CHIEF
A. C HOSMER, Proprietor.
BED CLOUD.
NEBRASKA
CURRENT COMMENT.
Piiinxe Henri, Duke of Orleans,
with his suite, en-route to France, was
at Niagara Falls recently.
Only a little flag marks the spot
where lies the remains of General Mc
Clelian, in Trenton, X. J.
John Gknnadius, Greek Minister,
asserts that the Greeks of to-day are
as strong physically as their famous
ancestors.
Stillson IIutchixs proposes to buy
find present to the State Horace Gree
ley's birthplace and early home in New
Hampshire.
Skxatok McDonald, of Toronto, is
nt the hesid of the largest dry goods
house in Canada and is also a Meth
odist preacher.
Judge Joe Holt, who w;a In Buch
anan's Cabinet and was Judge Advocate-General,
is leading the life of a
hermit in Washington.
Rumors are revived of the existence
of an engagement between Mr. Joseph
Chamberlain and Miss Endicott, and it
is asserted that the marriage will take
place next year.
M. Pasteuk read at a sitting of the
Paris Academy of Science recently a
letter from Dr. Gamala, of Odessa, an
nouncing the discovery of vaccine
which cures cholera.
TnE first unmarried colored woman
tent out by the American Board of
.foreign Missions is about to start for
Southeastern Africa. She is a gradu
ate of Fisk University.
Henry Richard, M. P. for Merthyr
Tydvil, well known as an advocate of
f.'bitration for the peaceful settlement
rf disputes between nations, died sud
denly at Bangor, Wales, recently.
Quarrelsome church choirs should
Ac sent to Portland, Me., for training,
in one church in that city the soprano,
tofior, bass' and organist have not
fought or )- changed in twenty-five
yes.r!5.
A safety enplope has been invented
A'hu h is tinted in such a manner as to
turn black, blue and red if an attempt
is made to open it by wetting or ex
posing to steam, while it is not affected
by moist air or fog.
A bill drafted by the officials of the
Treasury Department has been pre
sented to the Senate by Mr. Harris, to
prevent the introduction of contagious
diseases from one State to another. A
.similar bill was also introduced in the
House by Mr. Crisp, of Georgia.
Moore, the journalist, and Mrs.
Norton, who recently eloped from St.
Louis, are living in a fashionable
boarding house in Toronto. Moore
says that a satisfactory arrangement
has been made with regard to the prop
erty which Mrs. Norton took away
with her.
Daniel Murray and James Essex,
members of llio Madison township
"White Cap" gang, were found guilty
recently at Tipton Ind., of whipping
Omer Davis on the night of June 20.
They were fined twenty-four dollars
each and costs, which is considered a
rather paltry punishment for the of
fense. While a tug was towing the mam
moth steamer Great Eastern in the
Clyde on her way to Liverpool the
other night an enormous sea was en
countered and the hawser parted. The
Great Eastern vanished in the dark
ness in the direction of the sea. Sha
was recovered next day after some
difficult v.
Advices Irom Accra, on the African
Gold Coast, say that a force consisting
of blacks and Kroo boys, commanded
by three German officers, has occupied
Addelar. to the northeast of Salagha
and near the Dahoman territory. The
invaders have hoisted the German
flag, have built a fort and have named
the place Bismarckburg.
The military maneuvers between
Berlin and Spandau began on the 21st,
the Emperor commanding the troops.
The chief feature of the day's maneuv
ers was a sham sortie from the Span
dau forts, which the Emperor's troops
brilliantly repulsed. The Emperor
was accompanied by a splendid suit of
German and foreign officers.
The statement of Secretary Bayard
regarding the effect that the rejection
of the Fisheries treaty would have on
the existing modus vivendi is fully
.corroborated by the authorities at Ot
tawa, Ont., who state that existing
licenses will be respected until their
lapse, but that their renewal next
reason is a matter of policy which will
not be decided upon until the next Mis
sion of the Canadian Parliament.
A sosi etotiat smart trick was played
on the doctors of Boston by the Globe
of that city the other day, which sent
a reporter, an athlete, in splendid con
dition physically, to ten of the leading
physicians for advice. He described a
collection of imaginary symptoms,
telling the same story to each. Not
one sf the examiners prononnccd him
a healthy man, but every one of them
pave a diagnosis and a prescription
ihc diagnosis ami prescription in every
iase differing from the other nine.
NEWS OF THE WEEK.
Gleaned by Telegraph and Mail
CONGRKSSIONAI.
After disposing of several resolutions
on the SJth the Senate further discussed the
Fisheries treaty. Senator Morgan continuing
his remarks in Its favor. Senators Hoar and
Evarts spoke against and Gray in favor. Pend
ing Senator Morgan's rejoinder the Senate ad
journed.... In the House after the introduction
of several bills and resolutions and a futile at
tempt to suspend the rules and pass the Sen
ate bill concerning the detail of army and navy
officers to educational institutions, the Chinese
bill was taken up and a spirited debate followed.
The bill was finally passed and the House ad
journed. Immediately after the reading of the
journal the Senate on the 21st adopted the reso
lution accepting from the State of New Jersey
the statues of Kichard Stockton and ucneral
Philip Kearney, and went into open executive
session on the Fisheries treaty. Senator Mor
gan concluded his remarks, and a vote was
llnally reached when by a strict party vote
the treaty was rejected, the vote being for
ratification, S7; against. 3). Senator Voorhces
did not vote and 18 Senators were paired. The
Senate then proceeded to legislative business.
Several bills of no general importance passed
and the House amendment to the Chinese Pro
hibition bill was agreed to, also the conference
report on the Naval bill. A large number of
private bills passed and the Senate adjourned.
The House further discussed the General
Deficiency bill in Committee of the Whole and
adopted the resolution accepting the statues of
Kichard Stockton and Philip Kearney presented
by the State of New Jersey. Adjourned.
Is the Senate on the 22d Mr. Beck offered
as an amendment to the House Tariff bill an ad
ditional section suspending all laws relating to
tiie sinking fund and had it referred to the
Committee on Finance, also a bill to repeal all
sinking fund laws which was allowed to lie on
the table. Senator Heck said he could name
ten men to-day who could purchase bonds and
hold them and force the Secretary of the Treas
ury, as the law stood, to pay f lU0.UW,'.(t) for
every S1J, 0,) of bonds he purchased. The
joint resolution appropriating fc!J0,0M to prevent
the introduction of yellow fever or cholera
into the United States was passed. The
money was made immediately available.
Senator Chandler addressed the Senate on his
resolution relating to the late election in
Louisiana. He had not concluded his remarks
when the Senate adjourned. ...The House
adopted the conference report on the Naval bill
and then took up the General Deficiency bill in
Committee of te Whole, which was under con
sideration when the House adjourned.
After disposing of routine business in
the Senate on the 1J Senator Chandler re
sumed his remarks on the Louisiana election
case. At the cloc of his speech the resolu
te n in regard to the Jackson, Miss., municipal
election was taken up and Senator Wilson, of
Iowa, spoke on tie question. A message was
received from tho President on the rejection of
the Fisheries treaty, but by a party vote the
Senate adjour ed before its sub
mission The House passed the Senate
bill granting the right of way to the
Leavenworth Rapid Transit road across the
military reservation. After disposing of various
resolutions the House took up the Army bill.and
after non-concurring in the conference report
went into Committee of the Whole an the De
ficiency bit'. Pending efforts to secure a
quorum a message was received from the Presi
dent on the fisheries question, and Mr. Wilson,
of Iowa, offered a bill to empower the President
to more eliectually carry out the provisions of
the law to protect and defend the rights ot
American fishing vessels and the House ad
journed. Is the Sennte on the 24th the President's
message on the Hsheries dispute was n ad aud
the session devoted to debate on the s abject.
Senator Morgan then introduced a bill identical
to that introduced by Mr. Wilson in the House
to give effect to the President's message. Ad
journed ...After disposing of routine business
the House In Committee of the Whole further
considered the Deficiency bilL All efforts to
secure a quorum failed, and a resolution was
passed to print 13,i")0 copies of the President's
message. At the evening session forty-five pri
vate pension bills passed.
TERSONAI. AND POLITICAL
ltioiiT Itnv. Samuel S. Haukis, Bishop
of the Protestant Episcopal Diocese of
Michigan, who was recently stricken with
apoplexy while preaching in Winchester
Cathedral, England, is dead.
Coxgkessmas Heiibhrt has been renom
inated by acclamation by the Democrats
of the Seventh Alabama district, this mak
ing his seventh successive nomination.
Major McKixley, the Ohio Congress
man, addressed the "Georgia Chautau
qua," at Atlanta on the 21st in defence of
a high protective tariff.
Jcdgk Tiiurmax was at Detroit, Mich.,
on the 21st and took a boat ride on Lake
Erie.
The Republicans of the Ninth Indiana
district have renominated lion. Joseph B.
Cheadle for Congress.
The English press thinks the return of
General Boulauger to political prominence
any thing but reassuring to the peace of
Europe.
Judge Thurmax delivered his first great
speech of the Democratic campaign at
Huron, Mich., on the night of the 22d. He
met with an enthusiastic reception. The
speech was strongly free trade.
The Democratic convention at Jefferson
City on the 22d nominated Ma3'or D. It.
Francis, of St. Louis, for Governor of Mis
souri. Mr. Francis was byrn in Kentucky
on October 1, 1S.10, consequently he is but
thirty-seven years of age.
Ho.w J. G. Blaise addressed a large
Republican meeting at Bangor, Me., on
the 2:5d. His speech was devoted princi
pally to a comparison between the indus
trial classes of England and the United
States and a criticism of the changes pro
posed by the Mills bill.
Fatiiek William McMauo.v, pastor of
St. Bridget's Church, Cleveland, O., has
been appointed National treasurer of the
American Catholic Total Abstinence So
ciety. The Emperor and Empress of Brazil
have arrived nt Rio de Janeiro from Eu
rope, ttoth in good health.
The President on tho 23d sent a message
to Congress having reference to the rejec
tion of the Fisheries treaty. He proposed
enforcing the Retaliation act against
Canada und recommended further legisla
tion in furtherance of the object of that
act.
Mr. BnADLACon, member of the British
Parliament for Northampton, announces
that he is burdened with del it and that
if he is unable to clear himself by tongue
nnd pen he must relinquish his career in
Parliament.
CocxT Asdrasst, the great Austrian
statesman, is suffering from a disease of
the kidneys which has brought on par
alysis. The Republicans of the Fifth Maryland
district have nominated Sidney E. Mudd
for Congress.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Texas fever is playing havoc among the
native cattle near Decatur, 111., and is
spreading fast.
The act for improving the mouth of the
Brazos river, Texas, has become a law
without the President's sigitaraie-
The rice market at New Orleans has as
sumed a strong tone and prices have ad
vanced three-fourths of a cent on account
of the damage to the crop by the recent
storm.
It is reported in Rome that the Italian
Government hns decided to vend
r-xpedition to Abyssinia.
new
The Es change Bank at Dardenelle,Ark.v
has been closed by the United States Mar
shal on attachments for $15.0u0. It is
thought depositors will not suffer.
Sixteen new cases of yellow fever wre
reported at Jacksonville, Fin., on the 23d.
Some men receatly arrested at Denver,
Col., as gold coin counterfeiters turned out
to be only confidence men, who used a trick
box in casting money.
The latest Afghan uprising resulted in
the overthrow of the would-be Anioer by
his own troops.
Ose thousand houses have been burned
at Orenburg, Russia. Ten thousand factory
operatives were made homeless by tho
Ore.
Two dynamite bomb wore exploded in
Paris on the 23d. Much alarm was created
but no daiuego was done.
The Berlin police broke up a meeting of
tailors recently becanse of the adoption of
socialistic resolutions.
Advices from Standing Rock give in
formation that the Sioux Commission is
meeting with marked success in getting
Indian signatures to the bill to open the
Sioux reservation for settlement.
The Northern Pacific recently completed
a sale of $3,000,000 bonds to a European
syndicate.
"General Masager STOXE,of the Bur
lington railroad, denies the report that he
is to be deposed and his place taken by
Holdredge.
Nicolo Femmesetta was hanged legnlly
at Buc:a Vista, Col., recently for the mur
der of Michael C:.sey at Granite, in March
last.
A dispatch from India says that 1.7.00C
Thibetans are marching upon Sikkim.
The agitation of the workmen in Central
Belgium has become generul. A strike is
expected.
Dccatel, tho workingman who enabled
tho troops to capture Paris from tho Com
munists, has become insane und has been
put in an asylum.
As explosion of twenty thousand pounds
of Mack powder occurred in tho drying
house of tho Giant Powder Company, near
West Berkeley, Cal., the other day Two
white men and three Chinamen were
killed.
Cholera broke out on the Portuguese
transport India while bound from Macao
to Mozambique, nnd within forty-eight
hours there were thirty-eight cases,
twenty-four of which proved fatal.
All efforts so far made to bring about
li'io end of ths dresed beef war on Eastern
roads have failed, the roundabout lines in
sisting on differential rates.
Recently while Rev. J. O. Wilson, of
Philadelphia, and his family were driving
from Ilrnt Lake to Lake George, near
Saratoga, N. Y., the horse ran nwav nnd '
Mrs. Wilson was thrown out and killed.
Mr. AVilson was badly hurt and the driver,
Clark Bartlett, perhap-j fatally injured.
The children escaped.
It. J. Creightos, agent for the New Z"u
land Government, has received a cable dis
patch from Sir ITirryAtkinsoii.Postmaster
General of New Zealand, stating that the
colony would accept the offer of Postmaster-General
Dickinson of the United States
to pay .s."i0,000 yearly toward the Austra
lian mail service. The contract hns been
extended until November, ltM.
Black measles of a most virulent char
acter has broken out among the negroes on
their plantations on the Santee river. S. C.
Many deaths have already occurred and
the disease has become epidemic. It has
created a panic.
Three unmarried men, Jacob Hubinge,
Henry Schmidt and Louis Weenie, were
drowned recently while crossing Saginaw
river, nenr Bay City, Mich., by the capsiz
ing of n boat.
Nearly a block of business houses in
Clinton, Ind., burned recently, causing
heavy loss.
Tin: hotel nt Bon Aqua Springs, Tenn.,
was destroyed by fire tho other night.
The guests all escaped. Loss, .VI.OOiL
Three boys were shot aud seriously in
jured near Kenosha. Wis., by the acci
dental discharge of a shot-gun.
Business failures (Dun's leport) for the
seven days ended August 23 numbered for
the United States. ; Canada, 27; total,
21 J: compared with 2i!t the previous week
and ISi the corresponding week of last
year.
ADDITIONAL DISPATCHES.
The President on the 27th vetoed the
second bill for a public building at Sioux
City, Iowa.
Sailors of the bark Gyfle appeared be
fore the British Consul at New York re
cently and accused the enptain and mate
of attempting to scuttle the ship.
Hksrt Georgb and William Lloyd Gar
rison advocated the Democratic National
ticket in a ratification meeting at New
York on the 27th. The speeches were in
tensely free trade.
MR. Blaise spoke at Waterville, Me., on
the 27th to an audience of 2.000. He wa
suffering somewhat from hoarseness.
Lawrence Hutcuixgs, a little boy, wai
kidnapped recently from Evan ton, Ind..
but was rescued at Chicago. His captort
escaped.
Congressman Mills, of Texas, Wilson.
ot West Virginia, and Lawler, of Illinois
visited the Union Stock Yards at Chicagc
on the 27th, and were given a dinner at the
Transit House. Taey went to the Ex
change building, where 1,000 people listened
to brief addresses on the tariff.
The international swimmiag match be
tween Johnson, of England, and Levy, oi
Pittsburgh, was won by Johnson at Coney
Island. Levy was seized with cramps af
ter making a mile and a half and was
lifted to the flag boat.
A west bound freight, extra, on thelChi
cago, Burlington & Quiucy railroad, col
lided with the roar end of a construction
train at Rock Creek, nine miles west ol
airfield, Iowa, on the 27th. G. A. Rose,
of Burlington, road master, Patrick Ready
ana ratrick Grimn, section men, were
killed, and John Kelly and Timothy Mur
phy injured.
TnE Senate on the 27th was occupied
principally with the Jackson (Miss.) elec
tion matter, which went over. The De
ficiency bill was before the House and
after rejection of the French spoliation
clause was passed. Many telegrams were
read from absentees alleging sickness as
the reason for failure to attend Congress.
The President has approved the act an
nouncing an increase of pensions in case
of deafness.
The New York Star claims to have ab
solutely reliable information that Freder
ick Gebhardt, the well known turfman and
chief of Mrs. Langtry's admirers, is saffer
ing from melancholy, and is said to have
an affection of the brain.
A disastrous wreck wm ceased at the
crossing ef the Toledo, Keasee City St.
Louis and the Cincinnati, Jacksoa & Mack
inaw roads at Enterprise, sea mules west
of Delphos, O., by the CloTerleaftraia be
ing broken in two and both sads reaaing
together, knocking the engine into the
Mackinaw engine, which was standing on
the crossing.
The strike of the engineers, firemen,
switchmen and brakemen on the Mackey
system was temporarily settled at Evans
ville, Ind., and the men have all returned
to work. What concessions wero made
1 by the company was not known.
A SPECIAL MESSAGE.
The
President on the Fisheries
Complications.
He Reviews the Sltnation In a Special Mes
sage and Ask for Mure Specific Powers
lit Protectlug the KightH of Amer
ican Fislieruiru.
Wasihsgto, Aug. 24. Tho President
sent the following in ej sage to Congress
yesterday afternoon:
lo the Vongrt: The rejection by the Senate
of the treaty lately negotiated for the settle
ment and adjustment of the difficulties existing
between the United States and Great Britain
concerning the rights and privileges of Ameri
can f shermen n the ports and wafers of British
North America, seems to justify a survey of tho
condition to which the pending question is
thus remitted. The treaty upon this subject,
concluded in 1818, through disagreements ad
to the meaning of its terms, has been a fruit
ful source of irritation and trouble. Our
citizens engaged in fishing nt rprises in waters
adjacent to Canada have been subjected to
numerous vexatious interferences and an
noyances; their vessels have been
keized upon pretexts which appeared
to be entirely inadmissible, and the?
have been otherwise treated by the Canadian
authorities and officials in a manner inexcusa
bly harsh and oppressive. This conduct has
bien justified by Great Britain and Canada by
the claim that the treaty of 1S18 permitted it.
and upon the ground that it was nccessar to
tho proper protection of Canadian interests.
We deny that treaty agreements justify these
acts, and we further maintain that, aside from
any treaty restraints of disputed interpretation,
the relative positions of the United States and
Canada as neighlmrs, the growth of our joint
commerce, the development and prosperity of
both countries, which amicable relations surely
guarantee, and. above all. the liberality always
extended by the United States to the people of
Canada, furnished motives for kindness and
consideration higher and better than treaty
covenants.
While keenly sensitive to all that was exas
perating in the condition, and by no means In
disposed to support the just complaints of our
injured citizens, I still deemed it my duty for
the preservation of important American inter
ests which were directly involved and in view
of all the details of the situation, to attempt by-
negotiation to remedy existing xvrcngs and to
finally terminate by a fair and just treaty, these
ever recurring causes of difficulty. I fully be
lieved that the treaty just rejected by the
Senate was well suited to the exigency and
that its provisions were adequate for our
security in the future from vexatious in
cidents and for the promotion of friendly
neighborhood and intimacy, without
sacrificing m the least our National pride or
dignity. I am quite conscious that neither my
opinion of the value of the rejected treaty nor
the motives which prompted its negotiation are
of Importance in the light of the judgment of
the Senate thereupon, but it is of imporiai.ee
to notice that this treaty has been rejected
without any apparent disposition on the part of
the Senate to alter or amend its provisions
and with the evident intention, not wanting ex
pression, that no negotiation should at present
be concluded touching the matter at issue.
The co operation necessary for the adjust
ment of the long standing National differences
with which we have to deal b mctnods of con
ference and agreement having thus been de
clined. I ara by no means disposed to abandon
the Interests and rights of our people in the
premises or to neglect their grievances, and I
therefore turn to the contemplation of a plan
of retaliation as a mode which ttili remains of
treating the situation. I am not unmindful of
the gravity of the responsibility assumed In
adopting this line of conduct, nor do I fail in
the least to appreciate its serious conse
quences. It will be impossible to Injure
our Canadian neighbors by retaliatory meas
ures without inflicting some damage upon
our own citizens. This results from our
proximity, our community of Interests and
the inevitable commingling of the business en
terprises which have been developed by our
mutual activity. Plainly stated, the policy of
National retaliation manifestly embraces the
infliction of the greatest harm upon the sea to
those who have injured u-, with the least possi
ble damage to ourselves.
There is also an evident propriety as well as
as invitation to moral support, found in visiting
upon the offending party the same measure or
kind of treatment of which we complain and as
far as possible within the same lines. And
above all things the plan of retaliation, if en
tered upon, should be thorough and vigorous.
These considerations lead me at the same
time to invoke the aid and counsel of the Con
gress and its support in such a further grant of
power as seems to me necessary and desirable
to render effective the rnlicy I have indicated.
The Congress has already passed a law, which
received executive assent on March 3, lSST,
providing that in case American Slshing ves
sels, being or visiting in the water or at any
of the ports of the British dominions of North
America, should be or lately had been deprived
of the rights to which they were entitled by
treaty or law, or if they were denied certain
other privileges therein specified, or if vexed
or harassed In the erjoyinc.it of the same,
the President might deny to vessels and their
masters and crews of the British dominions
of North America any entrance into the
waters, ports cr harbors of the United States
and also deny entry into any port or place of
the United States of any product of said Do
minions or other goods coming from said Do
minions to the United States. While I shall
not hesitate upon proper occasions to enforce
this act. it would seem to be unnecessary to
suggest that if such enforcement is limited In
such a manner as shall result in the least pos
sible injury to our own people, the effect would
probably be entirely Inadequate to the accom
plishment of the purpose desired. I deem it
my duty, therefore, to call the attention of
Congress to certain particulars in the action ot
the authorities of the Dominion of Canada, in
addition to the general allegations already
made, which appear to be in such marked con
trast to the liberal and friendly disposition of
our country as in my opinion to call for such
legislation as will, upon the princii les plready
stated, properly supplement the power to in
augurate retaliation already vested in the ex
ecutive. Actuated by the generous and neighborly
spirit which has characterized our legisla
tion, our tariff laws have since I3&5 been so
far waived In favor of Canada as to allow
free of duty the transit across the territory of
the United States of pronerty arriving at our
ports and destined to Canada or exported
from Canada to other countries. When the
Vcaty of Washington was negotiated in 1871
tctween the United States and Great Britain.
Having for its object ery largely tho
modification of that treaty or 1S18, the
privileges above referred to were made
reciprocal and given in return by Canada to the
United States, in the following language, con
tained in the twenty-ninth article of said trraty:
"It is agreed that for the term of years men
tioned in article 33 of this treaty, goods, wares
or merchandise arriving at the ports of New
York, Boston and Portland, and any other ports
in the United States which may have been, or
which may be, from time to time, especially
designated by the President of the United
States, and destined for her Britannic Majesty's
possessions in North Ameriea, ay be
entered at the proper customhouse and con
veyed in transit, without the payment ot
duties, through the territory of tfee United
States, under such rules, regulations and con
ditions for the protection of the rereaue as
the Government of the United States say
from time te time prescribe, and under like
rules, reselattens nd conditions, goods,
wares or merchandise may be conveyed
In transit without the payment of duties
from such possessions through the terri
tory of the United States for export from
the said ports of the United States. It is
further cgreed that for the like period, goods,
wares or merchandise arriving at any of the
ports of her Britannic Majesty's possessions
In North America and destined for the United
States, may be entered at the proper custom
house and conveyed in transit, without the
payment of duties through the said poeses
ions, under such rules and regulations and con
i- 1
eltlons for the protection of the revenue as a"
got eminent of the said possessions may from
time to time prescribe, and under like rules and
regulations and conditions, wares or merchaa
dise may be conveyed in transit, without pay
ment of duties from the United States through
said possessions to other places in the United
States, or for exports in the said possessions.
In the year 1HWS notice was received by the
representatives of our Government that our
fishermen would no longer be allowed to ship
their tlsh in bond and free of duty tiicough
Canadian territory to this country, and ever
since that time such shipment has been de
nied. The privilege of such shipment, which
had been extended to our fishermen, wss a
mo.t important one. allowing them to spend
the time upon the fishing grounds, which
would otherwise be devoted to a voyage
home with their catch and doubling their op
portunities foe profitably prosecuting their vo
cation. In forbidding the transit of the
catch of our fishermen over their territory in
bond and free of duty, the Canadian authori
ties deprived us of the only facility dependent
upon the concession and for which we could
supply no substitute. The value to the Domin
ion of Canada of the urivtlege of transit for
their exports and imports across our territory
and to and from ports, though great in every
aspect, will be better appreciated when it is re
membered that for a tonsiderable portion ef
each year We St. Lawrence river, which consti
tutes the direct avenue to foreign commerce
leading to Canada, is closed by ico. Dunns; the
last six years the imports and exports of Brit
ish Canadian provinces carried across our
territory under thu privileges granted by our
laws amounted in value to about ft:fiCi,.0i),
nearly all of which were goods duti
able under our tariff laws. Ily far the larger
pnrt of this traffte consisted of exchange of
groods between Great Britain and her American
provinces, brought to and carried from our
p rts in their own vessels. The treaty stipula
tion entered into by our Government was in
harmony with laws that were then on our
statute books and are still in force. I recom
mend legislative action conferring upon the ex
ecutlve the power to susjemt by proclamation
the operation of all laws and regulations per
mitting the transit of goods, wares and mer
chandise in bond across or over the territory of
the United States to or from Canada
There need be no hesitation in suspending
these laws arising from the supposition that
their continuance is securrd by treaty obliga
tions, for it seems quite plain that article SI of
the treaty of 1871, which was the only article
incorporating such laws, terminated July 1,
W. The article itself declares that its pro
vision" shall be in force "for the term of years
mentioned m article :! of this treaty." Turn
ing to article :U we find no mention of the siith
article, but only a provision that articles IS
to . inclusive, and article 3) stall take
effect as soon as the laws required to
carry them into operation shall be passed by
the legislative bodies of the different coun
tries concerned, and that they shall remain in
force for ten years from the date at which they
may come into operation nnd further until the
expiration of two years after either of the high
contracting parties shall have gi-en notice to
the other of its wish to terminate the same.
I am of the opinion that the "term of years
mentioned in article St" referred to in article
29 as the limit to its duration means the
period during which articles 1ft to S" inclusive
and article .1 commonly called the "fishery
articles," shall continue in force under
the language of said article XI. That the
joint high commissioners who negotiated the
treaty so understood and mtendel to phrase
iscertain, for in a statement containing an ac
count of thc-lr negotiations, prepared under
their supervision and approval by them, we find
the following entry on the subject: "The tr.nsit
qncction vrm discussed and it was agreed that
any kettkment that might be made should in
clude a reciprocal arrangement In that respect
for the period for which the fishery articles
shall be in farce."
In addition to this very satisfactory evidence
supporting this construction of the language of
artical it it will be found that tho law passed
by Congress to carry the treaty into effect
furnishes conclusive proof of the correctness o
such construction. This law was passed March
1. 1373, and is entitled "An act to carry Into effect
the provisions of the treaty between the
United States and Great Britain, signed in
Washington. May S, 171, relating to the
tishories." After providing in its first and
second sections for putting in operation
articles 18 to i3 inclusive and artfele
:t) of the treaty, the third section is de
voted to artiele -,9as follows: "Section 3 That
from the dat- of the President's proclamation
authorized by the first sec ion of this ait. and
so long Sri the articles 18 to J5 Inclusive and
article 30 of said treaty shall remain in force ac
cording to the terms and conditions of article
:i of the treaty, all goods, wares and merchan
dise arriving," etc.. following in the remainder
of the section the precise words of the stipula
tion on the part of the United States as con
tained in article 29. which I have already
fully quoted. Here, then, is a distinct
enactment ot the Congress limiting the
duration of this article of the treaty to th-? time
that articles IS to " inclusive and arti le
3) should continue in force. That in fix
ing such limitation it but gave the meaning
of the treaty itself is indicated by the fact that
Its purpose is declared to be to carry Into effect
the provisions of the treaty as.1 by the further
fact that this law appear to fcave been submit
ted before the promulgation of the treaty to
certain members of the Joint high commission
representing both countries and met with no
objection or dissent. There appearing to be no
conflict or inconsistency between the treaty
and the act of the Congress last cited, it is not
necessary to invoke the well settled principle
that In case ot such conflict the statute governs
the question.
In any event and whether the law of 1573 con
strues the treaty or governs it. section -."J of
such treaty. I have no doubt, terminated with
the proceedings taken 7 our Government to
terminate articles IS toC5 inclusive and article
SOofth treaty. Tnese pro:ee-lings had their
inception in a joint resolution of Congress
passed May 3, 1:81 declaring that in the judg
ment of Congress these articles ought to tie ter
minated, and directing the President to give
thenoticeto the Government of Great Drtain
provided for in article Xi of the
treaty. Such notice havinj bjen giv
en two years rrior to July 1, lt- the
articles mentioned were absolutely terminated
on the last day named, and with them article i
was also terminated. If by any language used
in the joint resolution it was intended to re
ticle section 3 of the act of 1S73 embodying ar
ticle 29 of the treaty from its own limitations or
to save the article its'-lf. I am entirely satisfied
that the intention miscarried. Hut the statutes j
granting the people of Canada the valuable
privilege qftransit for their goods from our ports
and over our soil which had been passed
prior to the making of the treaty of
ls"l and independently remained in
force and ever since the abroga
tion of the treaty, and notwithstanding the re
fusal of Canada to permit our flshermon to send
their ll-h to their home market thruuch her
territory in bond, the people of that Dominion
have enjoyed without diminution the advan
tages of our liberal and generous laws. With
out basing our complaint upon a violation of
treaty obligation, it is nevertheless true that
such refusal of transit and the other injurious
acts which have been recited constitute a pro
voking insistance upon rights neither mitigated
by the amenities or National intercourse, nor
modified by due recognition of our liberality
and generous consideration.
The history of events connected with this
subject makes it manifest that the Canadian
Government can. if so disposed, administer its
laws and protect the interests of its people
without manifestation ot unfriendliness, and
withoat the unneighborly t-eatment of our
Ashing vessels of which we have justly coot
plained, and whatever is done our part
tbould be done in the heps that the disposi
tion of the Canadian Government stay remove
the occasion of a resort te the additional ex
ecutive power now sought through legisla
tive action. I am satisfied that upen the prin
ciples that should govern retaliation, our
intercourse and relations with the Dominion
of Canada furnish no better opporturity for
its application than is suggested by
the conditions herein presented. and
-r--f-X in,J T,
cucc.ively fnau gu '
rer of tn.ri.nim
that it coul-i not be more
rateu than unuer tne power or suspension
recommended. "While I have expressed my j
clear conviction unon the ouestion of the con-!
tinuancc of section s!9
of the eaty of j
concede the Dower i
1S71.
I of course fully
BTl
and the duty of Congress
I plating legislative action to
in aor.teial
construe tad
term of any treaty stipulation whieh,
upon any possible consideration of gooi
lttnit sucn action. ant nxewise tn pecmij
propriety in tho case hero presented of i' i
terprctation of its own language as contu
in the laws of 187-1. putting info operat'on sa
treaty, and of 18SI. directing tin- terras ..
thereof, and it in the deliberate j'idgmr.t
Congress any restraint to the proposed leg v,
tion exists it is to be hopod that the expei ;t 1 k
of its early removal w III be rccog'-zeiL
I desire also to call the attention of the t
gress to another subjec involving such wn-e
and unfair treatment to our citizens as n r
opinion require prompt ae. ion. me navigat x
of the great lakes and the immense busirts
and carrying trade growing out of the ; ,.
have been treated broadly and literally by .
United States Government and made f - c
to all mankind while Can:id:an r... -roads
anil navigation companies sh..r
m our country s transportation, ur .n
terms as favorable as are accord ! to u
citizens. The canals and other public w 1
built and maintained by the Govemmec an
the line of the lakes are made free to ad 1
contrast to this condition and evlniiu a nurr v
end ungenerous commercial spin:, everj ,
and every canal whi h Is a public work of r
Dominion of Canada is subject to tolls .., ,
charges. By article i!7 of the tn tr
of 1871. provision was made
secure to the citizens ot th l"n,
States, the use of tho Welland. St. Iwrf
and other Canadian canals, on terms of e;
itv with tho inhabitants of the Dt.m r.inr.
to also secure to the subjects of Great i". .'
the use of the St. Clair Flats curia.
1 1
.1
'd
n
terms of equality with the mhabitan's ft
the United States. The equality wrh t
inhabitants of the Dominion which .e
were promised in he use of th- can.i sM
Canada, did not secure to us freedom 'nfci
toll in their navigation but we had a right
expect that we. being Americans and 11 trr
ested in American commerce, wtuld be no m re
burdened in regard to the same than C'.inaii ic
engaged in their own trade: and the vh.
spirit of the concession made was. or hi -1
have been, that merchandise and prup-rtv
transported to an American market ttno'.. 1
these canals should not be enhanced in the lVvt
by tolls many times higher than stieh as ut
carried to an adjoining Canadian market.
AH our citizens, producers and consumer as
well as vessel owners, were to enjoy the e,-j u .
ity promised, and yet evidence has for -oi:.
time been before the Congre , f -rnisruvt 1
the Secretary of the Treasury, showing :h.:
while the tolls charged in the tir-r ir.: ?
are the same to all such vessels an I cargoes .s
are destined to certain Canadian ports rVe
allowed a refund of nearly the entire to--.
while those bound for American ports ap
not allowed any such advantage. T
promise equality and then 1:1 practice
make it conditional upon our vessels doing
Canadian buines instead of their own is to
fulfill a promise with the shadow of perf 'ro
ance. I recommend that surh legislation te
had as will give Canadian vessels navigat.. z
our canals and their cargoes precis-lj th
same advantages granted to our ve-.se'- and
cargoes upon Canadian canals, and that the
same be measured by exactly the same rule
discrimination.
The course I have outlined and tie reeo-n-mendntions
made relate to the honor ar d i.g
nity of our country and the protects n art!
preservation of the rights and Interests : a:i
our people. A government does but half .ls
duty when it protects its citizens at hurie Ind
permits them to be imposed upon anjfriiiirn..i
ated by the unfair and over-reaching distor
tion of other nations. If we invite our rVl s
to rely upon arrangement! made for their Ten
eflt abroad we should see to It that they aw
not deceived, and if we are generous ar.d
liberal to a ncighboringvjgntry our peo
ple should reap the advantfigrof 1: by a return
of the liberality and generosity. The-e ure
subjects which partisanship should r.ot dlMurb
or confuse. Let us survey the ground ralsuy
and moderately, and havins put aside other
means of settlement, if we enter upon the p '
icy of retaliation. let us pursue It firmly, with
a determination only to subserve the interMs
of our peoule and maintain the high standard
ana becoming pride of American citizen-htp.
GlUIVKil Cf.UVEt.tM.
Executive Mansion. August si.
)
FINANCIAL STATEMENT!'
L
Kstlni.lteil Expense itml Kovcniirs 'f the
Joi'iTiitnent.
lVasniSGTOs. An;. 22. The- interest in
the fiscal situution of the Government as
revealed by the statement of estimated re
ceipts and appropriations made tlii ses
sion hits in no wise subsided. Mr. Mills
supplied himself yesterday morning with
ail tho data obtainable at the Capitol, the
Treasury Department lieing; called upon
for additional details. The following state
ment was prepared of the appropriation
bills provisious:
A pa' J ';
th $'nnt
3 ,?I, 0
3.?jr.co
th Hwi'
Sundry civil 3 si.:iri.ui.;
Army 4,6.0,0
Fortification, rending
in the Senate 3L7.'3,000
Deficiency, pending in
the House 3.1fc9.5f
Totals &7.,J7'.,. 5
Permanent and indefi
nite appropriations. .tllr.i7"9
i I ,-VJ.71G
?:rt-.7W
TotaIapprop'ns...M13.si2.-.:4 1X. .?".
Estimated revenue (including $V7,V",'TM
f5r postal revenue). .l4'),C!,7:;i.
Estimated surplus. &fjX),X. based on
House appropriations s.nd $I1,23,21 on
Senate appropriations.
The Treasury Department yesterday
paid out $19.(MO,000 on account of'pctisions.
notwithstanding which pa-nient the total
receipts for tho month to date Jtro &&.
O00 in excess of th' total disbursement
for the same period last year.
MAMMOTH TRANSACTIONS.
The Nortliern rr i lie Places 55.llOO.OH0 of
l.nnrift iu Europe Other Changes Im
pending. New Yor.K, Ati. 25. The Northern Pa
cific nilroad t as completed a sale of about
&.Q'XM f securities. The available bal
ance of the third mortgage- bonds and
near i:i,000,W 0 of branch line bonds make
the total sum. The sale is to a vn-
dicate, headed by
Henry ViHard, a-
iue wiiius win no to Europe wu'-rt
bulk of the third mortgage is al
ready held. The transaction is said to ex
tinguish the floating debt of the company
and to leave something like 'j2,i-''0,fVJ in
the treasury to be expended in nuprocr
mcnt.s. hi addition to the smeo bonds
an independent companv with a capital
of .WOjOOO was formed" for the exp!.e:t
purpose of supplying the railroad via
equipment. Over two-thirds of the
capital has been subscribed, anil tli
success of the scheme has been as
sured so far that large orders for engine
and cars have been placed. The euip-'
ment company is compJlerof large stccK
holders and directors of tho Northern
Pacific, but is an entirely separate organ
ization, and the railroad is not bound
any thing beyond tho rental of the e;uJr
meat furnished to it.
m
The Hog; Slaughter.
CiifciKKATi, Aug. 23. The Price Current
says: "Westera packing; has been small
the past week a total of iv,0uO hog-
agaiast 111,00 last year. The total to
date is 3,7.15,000 against 3,9S0,Oi year ago
a decrease of 2o,000 hogs since Slarch I.
Some houses are curtailing killing n:
they can and maintain their regular ;rad-
some closing entirely till the approach cf
the wcr season. It is not unlike, v titrs
,, .-,, , , . . "
nogs will t ticsrketed in somewhat in
creasing numbers next month. Ti-erel
nte ground for expectinir much a.ri .n
the marketable number of ho Uie ccuxjij
winter ssaaoa.
I vj great eunuiag. - 'ii
-" - - - - - - - I gate..
jpso ax- iri!lttlii
wciise ar
