Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The Red Cloud chief. (Red Cloud, Webster Co., Neb.) 1873-1923 | View Entire Issue (April 6, 1888)
!!S:""S-f -1 v,-. 9 ft I RED CLOUD CHIEF A. C. HOSMEB, Proprietor. 1?KI CLOUD. NEBRASKA. AFTERWARD. "When slow the dawn serene of Heaven Is break. ng On weary carthworn hearts with glad sur prise. And all the brightness of unsaddened waking Is shining forth In happy, hopeful eyes; When to the soul Heaven's new and rapturous living Through hours of pcaco has ever fairer grown, One joy scorns great beyond tbo heart's be lieving That there we know even as vre arc known. This Is the welcome boon our Lord bestowcth On souls that e'en tt rough darkness followed Him. And to His faithful ones He freely showcth His wondrous meaning where their sight was dim. What here we question with still resignation. Loving His will, but understanding not. There shall wc learn with sweetest consolation, l. Seeing His guidance in each earthly lot. Why one has gone to be with Him forever. Whom love and memory ever yearning failure oft has followed long endeavor. And active, useful hands grow frail and weak Whv living sorrows on the spirit lying Drain life's fresh strength as day slow fol lows day Why through the world the power of sin undy ing Doth with its load the guilty spirit weigh As here we see but darkly, only feeling That o'er misrule and woe our Master reigns. And that in meacy, not in wrath. His dealing Counteth the soul above all earthly gains; Then shall we know in full and glad complete ness All the long way our stumbling feet have trod. And in that revelation's wondrous sweetness Praise and adore the wisdom of our God. Elizabeth French, in Springfield (Mats.) Re publican. TREAN; on THE MORMON'S DAUGHTER. By ALVA MILTON HERB. Written While Living in Utah. Copyrighted, 1SS7, by the A. .V. Kellogg Xtirs paper Co. All lliqhtt Iieterteii. CHAPTER in. Continued. All that day, like a Greek slave, Trean went about her work in silence. She seemed to move heavily, and her strong figure, as if it were freighted with some in visible burden, seemed less erect than usual. The father seemed more aged, too. Kis large, hulking frame seemed sagged a little mure, and sunken in upon itself like some ancient habitation that falls slowly into ruin. Elchard noticed this, though they did not come often into the room where he lay. In the afternoon the old man came in and sat down as if to talk, but fell to gazing out the door in moody silence. The injured man let his eyes rest listlessly upon him awhile, then began trying to think back along the life-path of this being before him; of the coarse and uneducated region he had been reared in; of its lank-bodied, primitive peo ple, their superstitions, and the crude in fluences that had made him capable of re ceiving this astounding system, this dis torted imitation of the carlv Hebraic bar barism masked under the forms of religion. Then of the system itself, its ridiculous in ceptiou, the fraud of it; and after that the deception, knavery, theft, murder, lechery, and shame practiced by and upon its igno rant followers. Then of the deadly and mysterious hold such dark beliefs seem to have upon such natures, clouding the whole mentality, making the very scum of thought seem sweet, unnatural deeds seem natural, and a thick and muddy heart seem filled with the light of truth. Could else than a sort of insanity have brought the people of these lovely valleys out from all dark cor ners of the civilized world, to a journey of such length and cruelty as words can make no pictures of, here to dwell in all discom fort and such servility to those who had de ceived them as would all but put a slave to shame! O, Religion! he thought, what wrongs have been committed in thy sacred name! Suddenly the old man looked up, almost as if the matter revolving in Elchard's mind by some inscrutable process had touched and quickened the slowly revolving questions in his own. But perhaps it was only some vague mistrust of the sanity of his course, some throb of pity for himself and Trean, or afilmingdoubtof'hisdoctrincs jarred into life by the thought of losing her to such a bitter fate. "It's a hard way, a hard, miserable way wo hev, araost on us, of a gittin' to Heaven," he said, with a weary sigh and shake of the head. "I never tole ye of our acrossin' of the plains adraggin' hand-carts after us, with our icr visions an' the sick an' dyin' in 'cm, I sup pose J" Elchard shook his head and let his eyes rest upon him inquiringly. "Well," he went on, -one may cs well be gin at the beginnin' es in the middle of a story an' spile it. Anyhow when I look back at that trip pine blank, rememberin' it all cs if it was yisterday, I know I kent tell it, noways cs it was, ner no other man ahvin' ken cither, ner mebby dead, for it's beyont the powers o' language, "When the brethren was driv out of Xau voo, some says fcr thievin' and sctt'n' up theirselves agin the law an' the like though cs fcr believin scch I leave that to other folks they moved away, with what pain and sufferin' mortal tongue kent never tell, more'n a thousand miles over a burn in', houseless waste, an' through mount ings,.an' Injuns, an' snakes, an' rivers, an' starvation, to this region of God's prcparin' fcr "em. But President Young was bound to git "em toaplaco of safety, an' he did." The thought was passing through Kl chard's mind, with some bitterness, how this false Moses had crossed the desert in a carriage, had gotten immense wealth out of his misgui Jed dupes aftenvaid. played the King, committed crimes to keep his power, and had a harem full of women, but ha said nothing.) "Then the servants of God was teat out prcachin' through all the Wvrid, an' band after band follerod through the howhn' wastes, an' the same mountings, an' the same sufferin', to these valleys of Zion. Thousands walk' d every st.jp of the way, irom the Mississippi rver, over a thousand miles-, an' some what had no mon ey an' had worked thfcir way over in vessels from Europe, walked cJean-from Now York to Salt Lake, nigh thr&e thousaud miles; some dyin' pn tbeway, an' some dyin' soon cs thcy-got here, an' some Jivin' to work fer the Lord in His vineyard. "Weil, they'd always try to come in bands, from the Missouri river anyway, eaiso the Injuns was bad. Sometimes es many es five hundred come in a band at once. So, es it tuck a good many yokes of steers to haul the pcrvisions an' beddin' fer so many, President Young had a revelation from tho Lord that each one was to be fixed out with a hand-cart and haul most of his pcrvisions an' beddin' through with him cs he come. Some was fer doubtin' the wisdom of thi3, I hev heard, but tho Lord's prophet sent word through bis servants that nothin' could harm a hair of our heads if wo trusted in the Lord, an' had the kind of faith wo should hev. Well, I s'pose what he said was true csgospiel, an' the fault was man's some way, an' not God's rcvalation, but the jour ney was hard, hard cs death, an' vas death to lots of us, an' I'm bodily shore nothin' never could be harder!" And he shook his gray head and stared mistily a moment at the floor. "Well," he went on. "about that time one of the brethren come a preachiu' down through Tcunessee, an' me an' wife an' some more was turned from our follies, an' sot out fcr Zion. My wife Catherine didn't want to go, but the whole batch of us was nigh wild to git out of the wilderness of sin about us and gcther to the Zion of the Lord here into the West, whar wc was tole, I s'pose es a figgcr of speech, all was peace an' cs if it was a flowin' with milk an' honey. " "We had had those children then, a little darter an' son that we'd buried, an' ono livin' girl-child who's a wife of Elder Smoot's in Salt Lake now. It was pine blank hard a gcttin' away from them two little graves of our'n, ye may believe. We knowedthut es long as time lasted we'd never sec 'cm no more, an' I thought Cath erine's heart d break that mornin' wc left. I an' mebby it did! mebby it did! fcr she went upon the hill back of the house whar them little graves was under a tree, an' I seed her stan' awhile lookin' down through the valley whar most of our kin folks an' friends lived, then I seed 'cr turn round an' fall acrost them little graves of our'n an lay there cs if the life had gone clean out of 'cr. She laid so long there I was afeerd fer 'cr, an' went up the hill to bring er back, fcr the wagon was awaitin' to take us to the river landin' fer the boat. When I got there she was clayin' atwixt tho graves with a arm round each little mound, an' a cryiu' an' moanin' turriblc. When I got her up she fell down agin, an' kissed each little grave, an' put a pinch of moss from each one into her bosom, an' come astumblin' down the hill, fer she seemed blind, an' got into the wagon an' wedrivaway. It was hard, but. I guess I didn't feel it cs much cs her, fcr I was res crlute an' determined an' filled with the sperrit of gethcriu to Zion. "Well, it was a long and tejus journey, from Tennessee to whar wc jined the im migrant band of brethren in Iowa, but it was cs nothin' to the travclin' after that. I fairly shiver w'en I think of it. The tui ri ble. tumble tiredness, the heat, an' san an' thirst, an' draggin' feet, tho never, never endin' miles an' miles of treeless, trackless wilderness, the glare of the sun, 'cu after while the cold, an' mountings, an' freezin' an' death, an' hoveriu' savages, it all comes back afore me now an' strikes me nigh dumb," and the old man leaned forward up on his knees and shook his head, staring at the floor as if he saw some fearful picture there. "We built the hand-carts in Iowa at a camp whar we met,'' he began again, "an' that was whar we lost; it tuck to the mid dle of summer afore we was ready to start. We had ben tole by the elders down in Tennessee, an' them acomin' from other countries an' places had ben tole the same, wc found, that tho carts an' tents an' truck would all be a-ready for us at the mectin' place in Iowa w'en we got there; but nothin' had been done. Most ov us had sent money en ahead, cr gin it to tho elders to be sent, an' some gin nigh to all they had. but it had gone into President Young's fund at Salt Lake by mistake, an' so we had to git things ready the bes' way we could. Ef we could "a started right away we might hcv 'I TOOUGUT CATHERINE'S HEART WOULD nitEAK." got through afore winter, mebby: some com panies did; dragged carts clean through, fer it was a test o' faith, an' didn't losevcry many, but we couldn't go no quicker cn wc did. Some 'at knowed the danger fit agin it, but we had meetin's every night, an' our zeal was high. The Lord would take keer of us, we felt, and wc was happy. At last we started, started fer Zion more'n a thou sand mile away into the West, a-pullin' our hand-earts after us. It was a wild trip, but the Lord was with us a-leadin' us on to His Kingdom." CHAPTKR IV. TIIK JOURNEY. "There was six hundred on us, men wim men, au' children," continued the gray old Mormon, 'an' we sot out in a fever of joy an" zeal. But some seemed to feel what was acomin' an' their feet dragged from the start. My Catharine was heavy ar.d droopy a good share of the time; seemed like s.lie was never herself after we left them two little graves in Tennessee, but arno-st on us wasbhoutin' an' singin' an' apraism' the Lord es we went on'ard fer tho fust two .cr three days, l'very night after the tents was planted wehild mectin' an' there was prcachin' an' cxhortin'. Some of the elders said no matter if winter did come the Lord would save us, no matter if we got sick the Lord would heal us, fer President Young, the Lord's mouth-piei-e, had said so. 'Sometimes I felt a little jub'ous, I ken't hep savin' pine- blank, fer it as turriblc labor draggin' a loaded hand-cart day after day, with yo'r Tcet an' hands blistered an" the sun strcamin' down on ye. Then there was a thousand mile to walk, six hundred of it a desert an four hundred barren.injun hanted mountings. It was a awful under takin'! Then the carts was nore thimrs made of unseasoned timber with bcarin's all of wood, an' thoy broke down an' wore out, but still the host of the Lord went alaborm on'ard into the desert. "There was twenty of the carts to ovcry hundred folks, the flour an' beddin' an' cookm' fixius fer five folks in everv cart, an' five tents fer every hundred hauled ia a wagon with three yoke of steers to it. uveriiair or every hundred was wimmin an children, an' ole folks an' puny ones, so ye see what, the strong oner, had afore em ! But none of us wasn't stout long. O. what days them wrvs! What tired, long, feverish, dusty, awlul daj-s! Mile after. mile we i dragged on'ard, hour after hour, day after day, an' never seemed one step furder to 'ards the ond. Two of tho apostles an' some elders was with us till wc got across tho river at Council Bluffs, then the apos tles an' most of the elders left us. They had three er four cerriges amongst 'cm. an' two spring wagons with horses to haul their provisions, an' cs a squad of cavalry was goin' to Fort Laramie, they went along. an' was in Salt Lake long afore the snow flew. "But what had we afore us but work an' sufferin' an' the plains stretchin' furevcr and furevcr away in front of us! Wo couldn't make fur in a day, not more'n ten cr fifteen mile. Our shoes wore through onto our feet, an' our feet wore into holes, an' our hands was blistered an' cracked an' raw from a puliiu' on the carts. Then our provisions begun to run low, fer we didn't Lev enough w'en wc started, an' we tuk to sufTcrin' from hunger an' most of the time from thirst. Most on us prayed an' seemed to keep up faith, but all on us begun to git hollcr-cyed and silent. Wo seed that life an' death was afore us with life the furd cst away, an' wc strained forreds day after day with our teeth set a prayin' under our breath an' sufferin'. "All through August the sun come up out of the plain to the east C3 red es blood an' went blazin' on over our heads cs wc toiled on'ard through the sand, an' red cs blood sunk into the plain in the west, an' it seemed like we'd scurcely moved. Then we'd be too wore out to pitch the tents, an' would jest drap down outer blankets er the bare ground, an' lay there tell that burain' ball of blood come blazin' onto us agin from the east, an' we'd cat a little somethin' an' stagger on. It was tumble ! Sometimes one er two of the puny ones 'd be dead when mornin' come, an' we'd bury "cm in the sand an' leave 'cm. It seemed like it was furevcr a drouth in that desert; dry, dry, dead-dry, an' always the waves of heat that seemed a million wrinkles of hot melt in' glass, would hover an' hover, an' quiver an' burn an' beat, tell one's eyeballs was red, an some slavered at the mouth an' mumbled of water an' shade an' rest, an' wandered in their minds. An' sometimes, away up in the stagnant air we'd see the bodies of insects afloatin' like flakes of ashes, au' they'd flicker an' glimmer an' drap down onto us nothin' but dead shells like bits of tinsel. An' the stream we was tryin' to foller got to be nothin' more'n a string of green pools sprinkled with scales an' dry lish-eyes, an' we'd creep down to it an' sip at it with cracked lips, an' stagger on agin. "But at last wc d rawed out of that part of the desert, leavin' our pore dead behind, but it was the last of September afore the mountings hove in sight, an' the suu sunk down for a week amongst the snow-covered peaks: I remember, afore wc reached 'cm wc was so sick an' lame an' wore out. I iinuu mat an mem nays my ncau scemeu goin' round an' round cs I pulled, an' the biood kep abuzzin' in mv cars, an' some times I'd get blind an' couldn't see nary thing afore me, but a sorter clear sense kep alive in my head, too, fcr death was shorely afore us if we gin up. A good many did gin up, especial the ole an' puny ones, an' we'd seldom leave a camp-ground in the mornin" without two er three had to Imj buried. It was tumble! Wc didn't look much into each other's faces at them bury in's, fer wc knowed what was afore us au' couldn't bear it. " Well, at last we drawed into Laramie. O, how we'd looked forred to this! fcr there the Apostles had promi-ed that we'd find a supply of isrvisions awaitin' fcr us. but nothin' was there! Theu things begun to look black. We had a mectin' an" lig?ered u.i uui LUdiH.cs. uu u iuuuu '""I - - - " - - rate we'd ben a-travelin' an' at the amount of rations we'd got each day, which w.is a pound of Hour each, we'd not hev a mouth-, B, 4i mm lmB-SK 17 j-ih,.I Kn ait lti ful left w'en we was yit three hundred miles of the end of our journey. So we cut down the ration to nine ounces of Hour each fer gnr.vcd folks an' four to seven ounces fer the young ones. Then we pulled ahead with what little strcnth we had left, makin' every mile we could, fcr it was life an' death with us. W'en we started there was four cr five milch cows to everv hun dred jHjrsons, but now they was strung all iiiroiign uie rascn. ucaii, an- xm asm w l pressed conditions of the nervous svstcm urmlk whatever we could mU whica rasl.,. ......... , , :...i mostly alkali water, that left our mouths bloody an' raw; an' our steers, too, had been stampeded by a herd of bu.Talos back on the plain, an' on'y oue yoke of oxen each was left to a wagon, an' es they couldn't haul the wagons that way through the san' au' stones loaded so heavy, a sack of flour fcr each of the handcarts was tuck ofn 'cm an' put onto us. It was like death itself to add another pound to the weight of 'em, fer lots of us could scurcely hold up the han dles much less pull, but the wimmen an' children would push behind an' some would git inside the handles an' pull, an' with some a-cryin", an' some n-prayin'. an' some lookin' blind an' dumb, we struggled on. "About that time, I mind, one day a partv with three smart cerriges an' somo light spring wagons come adashin' up behind us. It turned out to bo three of the Apostles and four Elders au a son of President Young. They was a rcturnin' from a preach in' tour through the South. Well, they staid over night with us, an in the mornin' Apostle Richards preached to us, rcbukin' us fer the seemin' lack of faith amongst us, an' tellin' us tho Lord would keep the winter back if need be on our account, an' that they'd hev pcrvisions sent out to meet us at South Pass. Then they rode away in their cerriges. takiu' some of our best provisions with 'cm. They didn't realize our conditions, 1 reckon; leastwise the mis takes of men don't affect the revalations of the Lord: them air above errors an' the like. " But I must sav pine blank most on us felt purty black around the heart them j times. Some on us was dyin' every nay an bcin' left under a pile of stones fer the wolves to dig at. an' the li in' was Marvin' an' adyia' by inchc; at the carts, bet we st riv on'ard hi the desperation of dispc.ir. Us two famblys from TonncsMf hop togeth er tho best we could. Tlin ether fambly was pore like us an had gai most what tliey had to the cause. The man had neer ben stout an" now he got worst. lie had two little children m his eavt. an' hit pore wife who pushed what she could behind had a httlc baby on ner oreasi. n was awim io j.,j,v catarrh. It w known that stoat boots, see 'cm workin' with the shaders of death j umbrellas and wraps, though excellent acomin' an' agoia' in their eyes. But wo , preservatives ia their way, are not the only wasu't much better fiff, on'y I was stouter, precautionary measures to be adopted; tha't r.n' Catherine, who was thin an white es 7e UlUSl endeavor to strengthen tho nerv paner an' with eyes lookin' big an' wild like . o;j, svstcm. if it be defective, and that some animal that sec it'sagoin' to be killed. worked day after day mos' like a person that's insane. She never said uothiu'. on'y jest worked an' fit for life. I think it was araosUy forme thaugn, an our luue sick pepia. or ill humor, we should bo especial darter alayin' up there in the cart. I lv earcful to guard against cold. CfuaiUn' " Well, about them days it fell to freezin I jMraajm at night, an', whereas we could sleep an' j re-nt some afore, now in the mornin' wo I "Do vor think, young man," ho said, was a crowd of dazed, shivcrin'. half-dead j people. About a hundred haa uicu up to that time, an' there was five hundred of us strugglin' an' fightin' ahead toards the darkness. The man in our other fambly I could see kep stiddily failin', an' oue mornin' w'en we started it skeert mo. he looked so like a fnrr.QP.cn' his wi fa looked nearly like 'im; ' but they kep at it all dy, staggerhf an' tu'hi an' draggin their foot oriong. But allthat day ther was a-dyin', my friend, all that day thevV.i'J a-dyin"! fer weu we stopped that night the man sunk down In side of the handles with his face betwixt his knees an' never moved agin. The wife fell onto hr side along side the cart, but I got 'cr up an', after getting their tent set up, laid 'er in it an' fixed 'cr the best I could. In the mornin' she was dead, though, fze cold an' stiff, with the child dead, too, on er treast. There was six corpses in camp that X sr . ft. OVER AT LST. mornin'. What days them was! an', God in Heaven, what nights! We hadn't beu 'lowed but seventeen pounds of clothes an' beddiu' apiece, an wo jest laid an" shivered in spasms of cold. I s'pose amost of us d a died in our tracks on'y fer our faith, fcr we did hang outer the belief that the word of the Lord's servants would come true. But it didn't; they made a mistake some how, though it wasn't the Lord's fault. Winter come on earlier 'en common, an' there we was amongst the mountings, wadin' rivers, haulin' the carts up hills an' down through rocky gulches, with our shoes an' boots wore ofen our feet, cr cat up to make boxen fer the axles, a long string of haggard, corpse-like men an wimmen an' children stumbliu' an' fightin' forred to ards the bitter end. "Then at last it got so there wasn't scurce ly strcnth left to put up the tents at night, an' every mornin" from six to ten coqses had to be buried; an some got stupid, an' some got savage an' lost their minds. My Catherine jest fit on'ard like a tiger. She never gin back. She 'peared to me like she was all eyes an' leaders; there was nothin' of her much. a:i' fer the last week of it she never slep ner ct that I seed. I was ono of the stoutest in the band w'y. when I was young I could take a ox by the horns an' throw 'im! but I couldn't nigh keep up with 'cr. My Catherine was insane was the reason ! I hadn't 110 heart in me after that. I and staggered likea drunk acss? i,ut I lit forred with ' man from weak er, w e had our c cr. attic thing an the two children of our deau (ricn-is in the cart, and she thought they wuis K our'n. the two from the little gravt in Tennessee alive again, an' she kep "cm itivcred up an fed an' tuck care of 'em. an' at times she'd seem happy jest like a child an' stop an' play pickin' flowers along the way, an' laugh, an talk of the thousans an thousans of miles we'd come en" of the thousans an' thousans of miles we'd hev to go yit afore we got to Heaven, an" I'd jest lay my head down on the cart an cry, it broke my heart so. "At last the storm came in earnest. It begun to snow an' blow tumble, but wc stumbled on'ard blind-like all day. We seemed plum crazy to get out of danger an' our misery, but was runnin' furder into it everv step. What we suffered could never ! be put in language, l ken muni one pore i gal with a awlul look on ner lace aiiangin' I jm half draggin all dav at the cart next to , oar'n. she now lives near Salt Lake a porc helpless cripple, fer both her limbs . . & a was froze that dav an' had to bj cut off. to i:c cosTixcnii. ORIGIN OF COLDS. "Vervotines a Ir lillc Source in tho Pro tluctiou of Cularrli. Cold is not the oulv factor in the produc tion of catarrh. There is a collateral cause, and a most important one. in certain de- which is too little known and appreciated In healthy conditions cf the nervous sys tem, provided reasonable precautious are taken against cold, there is enough vitality in the organism to resist the injurious in fluence. The nervous system is in fact, the guardian, controller, the prime regulator of animal heat or body temperature, and its slightest failure to fulfill its responsible duties the least relaxation of its constant vigilance renders us liable to fall a prey to cold. The following supposititious cases will af ford an illustration: An individual who habitually drives about in aa open conveyance- with perfect freedom from ratarrh. happens on one occasion to fall asleep when he is out, aud the very next day has a cold. The explanation of the phenomenon is to be found in the fact that during sleep nervous energy is lowered and the system, there fore, less able to withstand the injurious ef fects of cold. If we assume that the indi vidual was also in a state of intoxication at the time, the damage done by cold would be more serious, as the depression of alco hol is superadded to that of sleep. It is. therefore, not surprising to find that in flammation of the lungs is frequently con tracted uuder such circumstances. We in stinctively acknowledge the nervous de pression during sleep by taking the precau tion to throw a rug over the knees before our forty wink3 oa the dining-room sofa. A timid woman comes home one night pale and ghastly with fright, having en countered a siceicr elad in white, which .,;ie cans a rlios:." In a day or two she devcloirt v. cold, for which she ci u not ir. any way account. Fear acts as h crsperate depressant to the nervous system, crippling its power of resisting the action of cold: hence the phrase, 'aliivering with fear."' Similarly innumerable events of dily life tend to irritate, depress or excito the nerves, and render them unlit for main taiahig the body temperature against the fluctuations of weather and climate. D.tr- iPi'the'jvJ unguarded moments, a trilling exposure to cold or damp is sufiicicnt to in- when wc are compallcti to expose our selves to cold or wet when the nerve3 are depressed from tempjrary causes, such a fatigue, anxiety, griet. worry, fear, dys- "that you will be able to take care of my daughter. Flora, in tho style to which she has always been accustomed!" "1 think so. sir," answered the young man conh'Jently. "She refused to go to the concert with me last week, because she said .she had 'noth ing to wear. '' o m Floor-wa Floor-walker (p'geoa-tocd) "Walk this way, niadame.' Customer Irish woman, "Walk that way, is it; 4rrah. be off wii ye, now. share me fat vrjd trow 'aedo'rn. f I tried it." tkx iTSr 'a,. (7?rz -rm p lj - - "Tv Jc- -Vjfcw. -c -2ff&-J2xM0. "rWZVMk. ' IMPROVED FARMING. How Wettrrn rami May lie Mail to TPro. liic .More Th:in it Krrr IIul. The tilling of soil ami growing of crops that is what one usually char acterizes as fanning; but that term can scarcely be applied with justice to much of the work done on our farms to-day. Farming should mean the per fect handling of a given portion of land so that it shall produce a maxi mum amount of product.', cereals roots, vegetable, fruits ami grasses and their secondary products, horses, cattle, sheep, swine, poultry, egs. but ter, cheese ami milk. Regarding it in this light, then, can wc say that farm ing, so-called, deserves the name? Is not a great majority of it a mere at tempt at farming a work begun ami only half finished; a profession prac ticed but not thoroughly umlcrMood; a pursuit capable of the profitable intn duction mi more brain work into tins mechanism or its machinery, ami m short demanding the better education of those employed in it? Years ago when the great Western plains of America lay iu undisturbed repose, the prairie grasses ganm. ally growing up and falling down, thus gradually but surelv enriching tho soil whence they came, the pioneer the farmer" of his day came, saw and settled thereupon. Possessed, of limited means and but crude imple ments for cultivating the soil, with no railroad facilities and few marketing j)oints, hts reipiircments were of neces sity those merely of himself ami family. Thus no great efforts were needed by him to secure suflicient returns from the soil for the maintenance of himself and children. He merely "tickled" the soil, so to speak, scat tered seed and the fertile earth re warded him an hundred fold. This man was a farmer sufficiently well versed for his day and opportunities, when manual labor alone was almost all that the pursuit required. Since then what a change has come to these Western farm? .ud to the descendants of those pioneer farmers? The present generation inherits, net virgin so'l to cultivate,-but farms that have been hard run and b.tdlv worked; a legacy of poverty this to the man who has not learned more about farming than his forefathers knew, and worse yet to his children after him. With the stern ne cessities of the farmer's position of to day, surrounded by thousands of men VUlllirvtlll .... .. .1. ...v. & IXUbS W& ' tin, f.fititlt n- li.iilfllftt,ri,i Itiivli fm.itrltt ' ...o ......., ................ ...... ........... rates and consequent low prices for products, with land no longer rich iu nature's store of crop food for the man ufacture of farm products, farming h:i3 become a most difficult profession. Men, who, finding themselves iu the.-o circumstances, surrounded by difficul ties and possessed of unprolilic soil, content themselves with farming as their fathers did must fail, or at best molrii luif t Ifllit.ifetailii1 liiiiirr f j ii .,' ., , " i . -,. , ."" ... . . ' ., - , rr i iii i their brows. Those who would make a - f ...., o...f - .. - n...,.i.., - fltl.l.1.. w, ala.i,L tl i-i ..It Itbi'.uliiUL - different class. They are men whose head work precedes their manual labor in nvorv ifti!irfiii!iit iif llin fnrni- yi'Ikwk ' manual labor is the carrying of science into practice, and whose practice is perfect in detail and correct in prin ciple. Their farms are farmed in tho proper sense of the word. Crops arc taken from the land, and in their place something is returned to repair the loss consequent upon cropping. The land is thoroughly worked, every inch of it; the crop is thoroughly removed, no ten-inch stubble being left behind, is thoroughly threshed, no good grain finding its way into the chaff, ami is thoroughly fed to thoroughbred" im proved stock. In short, the successful farmer is the thorough farmer, who understands farming principles and practically applies thoni. Such farmers have not each day to look out upon slovenly surroundings and miserable, unthriftv 'scrub" stock, but live com fortably themselves because they have the better feelings of thoroughbreds,' and warmly house and properly feed their stock because it too has a dash of thoroughbred blood in it, enhancing its value, and therefore rendering it worth of proper attention. Our fann ing has improved because our farmers have improved themselves, to enable them to cope with deteriorated soil aud depreciated prices for products. By proper farming tho land may be made to produce more than ever it did. and by improving the quality of its products tiic prices commanded by them will be greater and more remunerative than before. Farmers' Review. m m A man named Burdick, who re moved from the East to Kansas several years ago, recently found a tax receipt given to his grandfather in Allegany County. New York, thirty-live ycare ago. He picked up the paper on tho prairie forty- miles from his own home, aud miles away from any settlement. His grandfather never was in Kansas, nor had the finder ever seen the paper before. Now he is puzzling his brains to ascertain how that old receipt trav eled so far. A hoed crop should be a part of tho regular rotation on all farms, for the ieao:i that such a crop requires close cultivation, anil wh"n removed leaves the ground clean. Unless this be done the weeds will at "ome time take pos session of the fields, though much bene fit will result from the use of the culti vator if a ccm crop s grown. In ca-e of tomatoes to be grown in new k:1, likely to bo too rich and send iij plenty of vines and blossoms hut lis tie or no fruit, start the plants early .:i the hnuie; transplant at least twice. When the plants begin to bloom, r ja-t before, sink a spule about thu roots and within a foot of the stem. METHODS OF BURGLARS. How They JDUimw or lionet. Jewelry Sa? l'reclooit Ciena. A man must be a good mechanic lo be a burglar a safe-blower." remarked an old detective. "He must have good tools and know how to use them. Now. if you had a drill and undertook to drill a hole through that stovepipe there you would probably make a mess of it. How, then, is an unskillful man going to make out when he has to drill through the hardest steel? An expert burglar must be a good mechanic, know how to use his tools and where to work on a safe He has to do his work quickly, and use a blow-pipe or some other means of softeningihe steel. The tools used by expert burglars, the men who rob banks, arc of the finest workmanship, and a kit costs $1,000 or more. It tr.kes some capital for one to--et a start as a burglar. "Do these burglars get much of the proceeds of their skill?" asked the re port 'jr. Now." said the detective, "we will suppose burglars rob a bank safe in Washington and get. we will say. 100.000 in negotiable bonds Chicago & Northwestern, orsomcthinglike that- bonds that are not registered, but are numbered. The bank has a list of the numbers. They can not, you see, dispose of the bonds in open market; but they will take them to a man wlio will give them about one-third of their value. If the bonds are worth par. he will give them, say 30,000 cash. That is all they get. Now the man that buys the bonds calls in another man skilled in his line, who goes over them and alters the numbers. For this he re ceives 10 per cent, of the value c.-r the bonds. or$ 10.000. Tho man who bought the bonds has paid out for them so far $ 40,000. He may figure, you see. a a respectable broker and easily handle them himself. After the bonds are altered he calls in a man known as a layer down.' It is this man's business to dispose of or lay down tho bonds. For this he gets one-half of the profits. He sells them at the full market value, say 100.000. and gets half of the (. 000 remaining, after the money paid to ' the burglars and to the man who altered the mimbcrs is deducted." "But thieves who get diamonds and jewelry?" "Well, snppose." said the detective, that a thief has got into a man' house and taken the man's watch. sav, $150. his diamond stud worth $1G0. his wife's diamond ear rings, worth, say. $5J0, and perhaps a diamond ring. too. making the value of all about 1.000. He goes to a fence, who looks at the watch, calculates how mtich the gold cases will amount to when melted down, says he will have to have a new plate put on the works, so as to alter the number of the watch, and finally gives 2 for it. He takes the diamonds from the settings, ex- amines them and weighs them, and gives perhaps .j0 for the stud. s.I:0 for " i ., . , Ie sto,,cs from the ear-rings, and so- ,-,,,. C fc-Tk f .1 t on, maKiiigm an aomu jj-.ju lor uieioi. That is all the thief will get for his job. The settings of the stud and ear-rings will be thrown aside. It is the stones that are valuable, and, except iu the case of very large and valuable dia monds that are registered, no one could swear positively to them after they are reset. The fence, of course, has t take risks, and many have to keep the stolen diamonds for six months or more. If a tence becomes known, thieves won't put any thing away with him. If it is a choice between two. and one of the two conducts his busi ness so quietly that he has not been dis covered, the thief will go to him. though he knows he will get a much smaller sum for what he has to dispose of." Washington Star. WEIGHT OF BRAINS. A fttady That IJenr-t Directly I'pon in Quentloa of Intellectuality. The average human brain weighs forty-nine or fifty ounces in the male and about forty-five ounces in the fe male. Great brain weight is not al ays associated with intellectual vigor, as is shown bv the fact that an idiot is- known to have had a brain of over sixty ounces iu weight. But notwithstand ing the evidence of such cases as that. of the idiot referred to. great mental power is generally associated with a brain weight exceeding the average. Cuvier's brain weighed ixty-four ounces. But Gambetta's brain weighed less than the average woman's brain, which is. of course, peculiar because of his great intellectuality. A strange problem is developed by a comparison of the average weight of the male and female brains with the minimum weight of each within the range of intelli gence. The average weight of the fe male brain is about live ounces Ies than the average weight of a man's brain. If the weight of the brain were an infallible gauge of intellect the av erage woman would. &o to speak, have five ounces less intellect than the aver age man. But the weight of brain in a man below which idiocy exists is about live ounces higher than it is in a woman. This is what presents the problem. If. say, thirty ounces of brain in a woman saves her fro n idiocy and thirty-live ounces are rcqui-ite in a man. what becomes of man's? aver.ige of five ounces of brain weight i i excess, of 'he average in woman? The con clusion seems to be that a smaller quantity cf female brain is essential to intellectuality than of male brain. This is equivalent to saying that the fe male brain is of a superior quality. I:i contradiction of this th-; fact n:av lie cited that in eomparis n uirli m-n bat few women of great intellectual v.goi- have appeared in the world. If the comparison just made held true a woman wkii a irain oi :i;:y ouiu-.es ought to be the equal of a mail with a urain of t'ffy-iive ounces. Ds.iv'r i.o- -i . , ii f.irrT iiaj