-
T
THE KORYAL CASTE.
There are at the present moment thirty-six
reigning sovereigns in Christen
dom, from the queen of England, to
whom 237,000,000 human beings owe al
legiance, to the Prince of Monaco, whom
5,741 acknowledge as their liege lord.
Of these princes ten are nominally Ro
man Catholics, namely: the Emperors
of Austria and Brazil, 'the Kins of It
aly, Spain, Portugal, Belgium,lavaria,
baxony, the Prince of Lichtenstein and
the Prince of Monaco. At least three
of these monarchs, however, are very
far from being on friendly terms with
uu i ope, me Aing of Italy actually ly
ing under sentence of excommunica
tion; while the Kinrr of Saxunv. him-
.sen a caiuoiie. nilit nwr .....l......
i -i . -
almost exclusively Protestant
" . iiuiiniiu.1:
I he old
f.
maxim ot ieriimn jurists, "Citjus dnn
inio ejus retojio," has long wanted a
foundation in fact. Of the remaining
'2G princes, two belong to the Greek
church, though the Czar and the King
of the Helenes belong to different
branches of it. The other 24 are Prot
estant, 16 being Lutherans, four (in
cluding the Orman Emperor) belong
ing to the "Evangelical" confession,
three to the "Reformed" church, and
one being the "supreme head of the
earth" of the church of England. But
the vast majority of Queen Victoria's
subjects (1.19,000,000) are neither Prot
estants nor Catholics, but Hindoos,
while the Mohammedans, 40,000,000 in
number, are themselves more numer
ous than the Protestants of all denom
inations in the Empire.
The oldest reigning sovereign is Will
iam, German Emperor and King of
Prussia, who completed his eightieth
year on the 22d of March, 1877, the
youngest is Alphonso XII, of Spain,
who was twenty last birthday, (28th of
November, 1877). In this list we do
not count the Pope, because his holi
ness can scarcely be considered any
longer as a sovereign, and in any c:ise
does not belonir to the roval cast or
cousinhood of reigning families
.'-
The
average age of the
sovereigns
now
reigning is -ij years
It
may
be ad-
ieu thai live out of the thirty-six to
wit: the Kings of Spain and Bavaria,
the Duke of Brunswick, and the Prin
cess of Sehwarzburg-Rudolstadt and
Litchenstein are bachelors, though all
happily provided with heirs presump
tive. There is only a dou'tin one case
as to whether the heir, being a
sovereign who has lost his own
dominions, will be permitted to
succeed to those of his cousin.
At all events, the Brunswickcrs need
not fear lest they should be left without
a governor, it being generally under
stood that they are the object of much
thoughtful solicitude at Berlin. Of the
thirty-one other sovereigns, twenty
eight have been once married, two have
taken unto themselves second consorts,
and one has been fortunate enough to
draw three prizes in the great lottery.
The morganic marriages of certain
princes need not to be taken into ac
count The thirty-one sovereigns have
between them ninety-five children liv
ing, to say nothing of grand-children,
which gives an average of more than
three to each. The titles borne by the
illustrious personages arc many and va
rious. Five have in modern times as
sumed the imperial style, the oldest of
existing imperial titles being that of the
Czar, whose predecessor, Peter the
Great, dubbed himself Emperor in 1792,
and was soon after generally acknowl
edged as such. The Emperors of Aus
tria, as such, date from 1806; the title
of Emperor of Brazil from 1822. The
King of Prussia has been styled "Ger
man Emperor" since 1871; and the
Queen of England has been proclaimed
Empress of India. The title of Dom
Pedro II, by the way, which is that of
"Constitutional Emperor and Perpetu
al Protector of Brazil," is worth noth
ing as one of the rare instances in mod
ern times in which the language of her
aldry made an effort to be in accord
ance with fact. So the two Napoleons
styled themselves emperors by the will
of the people as well as by the grace of
God, and the First Napoleon even took
at one time the curious designation of
"Emperor by the constitutions of the
republic." The old Kings of France
had several centuries before designated
themselves "Kings by the grace of God
and the will of the nobles.'"
The sovereigns not being emperors
are eleven in number, seven dating their
titles from the present century. It is
difficult to say which of the kingly ti
tles in existence is the oldest. Those
of Denmark and Norway seem to run
each other closely. On the other hand,
our own sovereigns, though in diplo
matic document?, they bear a title
which only dates from 1801, are called
by the people they govern and by the
rest of the world Kings or Queens of
England, a title dating from 828, when
it was first assumed by Egbert. Down
to the reign of Henry II, however, the
sovereign seems to have been more
commonly called the King of the Eng
lish. Harold II was "King of theEng-
IISU JlllU uuiu uj lwu wmim ui iuuuu.
Four of the sovereigns above mentioned
bear titles originally bestowed by the
Pope, the Emperor Francis Joseph be
ing "Apostolic" King of Hungary,
whatever that may mean. Alphonso
XII, the "Catholic" King, and the King
of Portugal "the Most iaithful" King.
TJfi? Queen's title of "Defender of the
Faith" was conferred on Henry VHI
for an indifferent theological treatise
against "one Martmus Kleutherus,"
who was officially proclaimed by the
privy council to hare "erred sore."
Those princes who are not emperors or
I kings are "princes," "dukes," orgrani
dukes. A majority of them will proba
bly have ceased 10 exisi as sovereigns
feore very long. Indeed the claim of I
some of the German princes to be re
garded as independent sovereigns is
somewhat doubtful. The various con
ventions concluded by Prussia with the
various states which form the empire
have been coarsely termed "treatiesbe-
tween a dog and its fleas. '
m All the monarchies of Christendom
ire now hereditary and nominally con
stitutional, save the Emperor of Russia,
which, indeed, Comte considered as
having no part in western civilization
The Czar still proudly declares himself
"Emperor and Autocrat" of all the
Russians; and if his power sometimes
appears to be a fiction, at any rate the
liberties of his subjects are equally non
pxistent. Hence in Russia there is no
such thing as civil list properly so-calU
ed the Czar being supposed to have ab
:w control of all the money raised
for state purposes in his dominions. As
fnr as one can make out, he does acru-
ally dispose of "something like 5,000
nnn fur the maintenance of his own im
perial state and dignity The German
frmneror has not much less than three
millions and a half at his disposal. His
?l-.i. f Austria has a more modest.
but nevertheless fairly substantial, civil
v-fr f 935.000 per annum. Our own
val family ste us between $650,000
ind 700,000, including the revenues
drawn by the Queen and the Prince of
Wales from the Duchies of Lancaster
and Cornwall respectively. The King
of Italy receives .070,000 a year. On
the whole, it may be doubted whether
the thirty-six sovereigns and their fam
ilies are in receipt of much under 12,
000,000 a year. Whether Presidents
elected even four years would costless
or considerably more is another ques
tion. The present age can hardly be
said to have seen a republic and a king
dom fairly pitted against each other,
France having been exhausted by six
weeks of defeat when, as a republic.she
took up the legacy of war bequeathed
to her by the second empire. Yet the
disasters of the French in the autumn
and winter of 1870-1, did conclusively
prove that a nation may call itself a re
public without thereby acquiring any
remarkable access of energy or discre
tion. Republics, too, have their legend,
and the legend of '9.J is now finally ex
ploded. If we compare the progress
made by the English of the monarchy,
and the English of the republic during
the past century, we shall not be in
clined to think "that an v verv good ar
guments for the republican form of gov
ernment have been urged on the other
side of the Atlantic.
The succession in all the monarchies
of which we are speaking is according
to the law of primogeniture; but in
thirty out of thirty-six a woman is in
clinable, of reifrninrr. In Hiis.sia. Eng
land, Spain, Portugal, Brazil, and
Sweden women can reign, and in
most of those kingdoms have reigned
with signal success. Elective king
doms have long since died out, that of
Poland alone surviving till the latter
part of the eighteenth century; while
the order of succession which prevails
in Turkey is that the eldest male of the
Imperial House should ascend the va
cant throne. Nine of the reigning sov
ereigns have,however, been called more
or less irregularly to the throne. The
Emperors of Austria and Brazil owe
their crowns to revolutions, so does the
King of Greece, and, to a certain ex
tent, the King of Spain, thougn he only
recovered what his house had lost.
The German Empire and the Kingdom
of Italy are built up upon the ruins of
other monarchies. The Grand Duke of
Baden and the Duke of Brunswick have
replaced brothers with prior titles.
The King of Denmark is King by vir
tue of the treaty of 1852. The Prince
who has set longest on the throne is
longest
Dom Pedro II. who was proclaimed
Emperor of Brazil in 1891, when only
six years of age. Her Majesty is fourth
on the list, and completed the fortieth
year of her reign on the 20th of June.
It is curious to consider the changes in
the kingdoms of Europe of which her
Majesty has been a witness from the se
rene heights of the mostsolid throne in
the world. It is .sufficient to say that
most of the existing constitutions in
Europe are of much later date than the
year 1837. Two dynasties have been
hurled from the French throne during
this period, and one republic was
founded and disappeared. From Spain,
also, two dynasties have been banished,
though one has been restored, and a
remarkable sort of republic was also
tried ami failed. Probably at no time
in European history have claimants to
crowns been more numerous. France
alone boasts three, and what is amus
ing is that two out of three are them
selves oppressed by pretenders to their
own shadow' rights. Prince Napoleon
(Jerome) is the rival of the Prince Im
perial; while a young Lieutenant in
the Dutch army disputes the claim of
the Comte de Chambord to be the jure
King of France, alleging that he him
self is the son of Louis XVII, and
therefore male heir of the house of
Bourbon.
Early Morning in Sew Almaden.
In Scribner for February (the Mid
winter Number), Mrs. Mary Hallock
Foote, the artist, writes and "illustrates
a paper on "A California Mining
Camp," from which we quote as fol
lows :
Early morning at New Almaden is
worth getting ap betimes to see. Some
times the valley is like a great lake
tilled with billows of fog, pearly with
billows, tnmbling and surging with
noiseless motion. It is more as if the
clouds had all fallen out of the sky,
leaving its blue intensity unbroken, and
heaping the valley with fleecy white
ness. On windy morning, the fog rolls
grandly out to sea along the defies of
the triple chain of hills: when there is
no wind, it rises and drifts in masses
over the mountains, making the clear
sunlight hazy for a moment before dis
solving into it. After the rains, when
the morning air has a frosty crispness,
the mountains are outlined in sharp,
dark blue against a sky of redish-gold ;
even the tops of the distant red-woods,
may be traced, "bristling strange, in
fiery light," along the horizon. As the
sun lifts its head, the dark blue hills
flush purple, long shadows stream
across the valley, the windows and spires
of San Jose sparkle into sight, and the
bay reveals itself, a streak of silver in
the far distance. There is no chorus
of birds te break the stillness.
The first morning sounds I remem
ber noticing as peculiar to the place
came up to us from a camp of China
men, happily out of sight, below the
hill, a cackling of discord:mt voices
and a brazen beating and drumming
which was explained to me as the
Chinese cook's signal for breakfast,
beating on a frying-pan. Half an hour
later came the long ringing call of the
seven o'clock whistle from the nearest
shaft house. Still later, a rustling and
tinkling among the live-oak boughs,
which screen the trail, announced the
panadero from the Mexican camp. His
ray mule pushed her way out from the
scrub, with the great bread-oasKcis
swinging, one on either side, their can
vas ?over damp with dew. The pana
dero rat in front serenely smoking a
cigaretfe; a little bell tinkled at the
mule's bridle. I was half sorry when
we became a well-regulated household
with bread tf our own baking, for then
no panadero shopped at the gate on the
fogy mornings, and went swaying and
iinKiing up the trail.
Crushed Wheat. Put eight ounces
of crushed wheat to steep over night ;
in the morning place over the fire in
the same water it was steeped in, with
one pint of milk; or, if preferred, one
pint of water, one half teaspoonful of
ooik, wu uub na one naif hours.
Indian Bread Two cups of corn
meal, one cup of wheat flour, one tea
spoonful of salt, two teaspoonfuls of
cream of tartar, three tablespoonf ids of
white sugar; three eggs, one and a half
pints of milk, one tablespoonful of but
ter; rub meal, flour, salt, soda, and
cream of tartar through a sieve tn mw
morougniy; Deai, eggs and sugar to
gether; then and melted butter; next
add milk, and, lastly, add the mixed
ingredients; bake immediately and rap
idly in a brisk oven.
Useful Recipes.
Currant Cake. Cream one cup of
best butter and two cups of sugar, one
cup of sweet milk, ttiree well-beaten
eggs the whites and yelks seperately,
three cups of sifted flour, two cups
of well-washed currants dried and
well-dredged with flour two table
spoonfuls of baking powder.
Poached Eggs. When the water
has boiled in the frying-pan, break the
eggs separately in a saucer, remove the
pan from the stove and slip the eggs
(one at a time) on the surface of the
water; when all are in, place the pan
again on the fire, and boil about three
minutes, take them out with a skim
mer drain well, lay them upon pieces
of buttered toast, place on a hot dish,
salt to taste: garnish with parsley.
Scalloped Fish. Anv cold fish, one
e one large blade of pounded
mace, one tablespoonful of flour, one
teaspoonful of anchovy sauce, pepper,
and salt to taste, bread crumbs, butter.
Pick the fish carefully from the bones.
and moisten with milk and the eggs ;
add the other ingredients, and place in
a deep dish or scallop shells ; spread
over with bread crumbs, butter the top,
and brown before the fire ; when quite
hot, serve.
Oystek Short Cake. This is very
nice, and the pastry can be made as for
other short cake. While the cake is
baking, boil one quart of oysters with
half a cup of water, half a cup of
milk and half a cup of butter, season
with pepper, salt, and thicken with a
spoonful of corn starch. When the
cake is done, split it open and spread
the oysters between the pieces and some
on top.
Salt on Steak. It is much better
to broil or fry the steak without salting,
adding the salt after the meat is on the
platter, as the salt draws the juice out
of the meat if put on before it is cook
ed, thereby making it dry and indi
gestible. In cooking steak, the object
is to keep it in the -juice as much as
possible, hence the meat should bo
seared over as quickly as possible on
both sides, and frequently turned while
cooking over a very hot fire.
Tomato Soup. Boil two and one
half pounds of lamb in four quarts of
water: boil the the lamb to shreds, and
the water down to two quarts; strain it,
Peel and cut up fine two quarts of
fresh tomatoes; mix them with the liq
or; stir them very hard, and boil thom
half an hour; season with parsely. pep
per, and salt; strain them again;" stir in
one tablespoonful of butter before pour
ing in the tureen. The broth in which
chickens were boiled is often preferred
to the Iamb.
Coddled Apples. Wash the apples;
do not peel or core them, as they should
be kept whole, unless there are blem
ishes in them which should be remov
ed. Cover the apples to about half their
depth in water, and boil slowly about
five or six hours covered closely. When
about half done sweeten with sugar to
taste; when done just right they will
look red, and the juice will be thick
when cold. If too much water is ad
ded they will be insipid. It is difficult
to give the exact amount, as the apples
arc more or less juicy.
Baked Potatoes. Bake potatoes of
an equal size. As soon as done cut a
small piece from one end, if you can
make them stand on the other; if not,
cut a piece from the side. Scoop the
inside out, being careful not to break
the skin ; mash the potato well, season
ing with buttor, popper, and stilt; re
turn it with a spoon to the skin, filling
so that it protrudes about an inch above
the skin. When enouirh skins are fill
ed, put them back into the oven a min
ute to color the tops. These are nice
for lunch or supper with cold meat.
Stanley.
When he arrived in America, after his
splendid feat, than which none more
heroic and daring has been performed
during this century, except a later one
by himself, he was received with a
small burst of enthusiasm, which soon
died out, when it was found that he
could not lecture, and would not bo
lionized. Nothing was forgiven to him
on account of strangenes to society, and
the social cold shoulder was turned to
ward him by all those who could neith
er tell a hero when they saw him, nor
hold him at his superlative value when
they hold him in their hands.
Stanley lived in New york for some
time, his social relations limited to a
few congenial men and women, who
reverenced his manhood, and believed
in him. Then he went away, and at
last we heard of him engaged in organ
izing a force to march across Africa.
When he received the dispatch which
summoned him to this task, it threw
him into a violent fever. He knew
what the undertaking was. No one
else did; and for more than three years
he has been engaged in the gigantic
task of managing hundreds of wild
men, in the midst of thousands of wild
er men, in a passage through a wilder
ness thousands of miles in extent. He
has had to pierce forests thread rivers,
cross-lake, tread morasses, and fight
wild beasts and savage men by day and
by night. His one will has directed
and controlled everything. The strain
upon him must have been terrible
three summers and three winters long.
Can any one imagine his joy as he
traced the Congo to the sea, and caught
sight of the waves that connected him
with his home ?
We do not feel particularly interest
ed in Mr. btanley's discoveries. The
geographers may have that part of it ;
but we are immensely interested in the
hero, and shall be glad to see his face
and take his hand once more. And if
New York shall fail to take and hold
him at his value this time, she will do
herself foul dishonor. This man
X" I
wno i
has done so much to honor the Ameri
can name, and so much to illustrate the
higher traits and capacities of human
nature, should have a befitting welcome
on his arrival home. 'It should not be
a fitful and quickly forgotten affair;
but after such tempestuous toasings up
on the sea of his great enterprise, he
should find himself in smooth water.
The heroes of few battle fields hare
been worthier of lasting admiration
and homage than he is, who will come
to us from his. latest achievement in
African discovery. Let us give him
the freedom of the city in the freedom
of our homes. Dr. V. O. Holland in
Scribner for February.
The Binhig f Msatsjessery Place.
We find the following brief but inter
esting sketch in TheFoughktepsie Eagle
of January 2d:
The historical mansion of the Living
ston family, called "Almont," the old
residence of the family at Anandale, was
destroyed by fire last Saturday night
The fire is supposed to have originated
from a stove in an upper room. All the
furniture in the lower floor was savea.
lut everything on the floors above was
iisumedTincmdl1"! clothes, jewelry,
silverware, etc The building was near
ly 00 feet in length, and was owned by
Robert Livingston, and valued at 110,
000, which was covered by insurance
It was built by Col. De Veaux. a retired
British officer, after the Revolution. In
Losing's "Book of the Hudson," how
ever, special reference u mane 10 il
Among other things, the book savs it is
called "Montgomery Place," and is the
"residence of the family of the late Ed
ward Livingston, brother of the chan
cellor, who is distiBguished in the an
nals of his country as a tesxlisg United
States senator, the Mtfcor of tfce penal
code of the State of Loukiaaa, tad am
bassador to France." The etegaat saaa
sios (the book says), was built by the
widow of Geo. Richard Montgomery, a
companion ia arms of Wolfe whea ke
fell at Quebec, and who perished under
the walls of that citv at the head of a
storming party of Republicans, on the
81st of December, 1777. When he gave
his young wife a parting kiss at the res
idence of Gen. Schuyler, at Saratoga,
and hastened to join that officer at Ti-
condcroga in the campaign that proved
fatal to him, he said, "You shall never
blush for your Montgomery." The wife
of Montgomery was a sister of Chancel
lor Livingston. With ample pecuniary
means and good taste at her command",
she built this mansion and there spent
fifty years of widowhood, childless but
cheerful. The mansion and its 400 acres
passed into the possession of her broth
er Edward, and there, as we have ob
served, members of his family resided
when it burned. Of all the line estates
along that portionM the Hudson, that
is said to have beew-the most perfect in
its beauty and arrangements. Water
falls, picturesque bridges, romantic and
delightful glens, groves, a magnificent
park, one of the most beautiful of the
ornamented gardens in this country, and
a view of the mountains andi rver that
is unsurpassed, rendered "Montgomery
Place" a retreat to be coveted even by
the most favored of fortune. It was a
square built structure, two stories and
attic high, and had immense, broad pi
azzas in front and rear, and all the ap
proaches to it were in the grand old
style of years agone.
Eagllgk Neataesa.
If we were to be asked, says a writer
in Appleton's Journal, to say in one
word the quality that more than any
thing else markes English towns and
public places as compared with our own
we should have to say neatness. Fng
lish streets are well paved and clean;
English roads are well kept; fenglish
railway stations are in perfect order;
English fields are trim and neat; En
glish gardens, hedges, fences, lawns, all
exhibit care and oversight. English
smoke and fog blacken and stain all the
buildings, but English care more than
compensates for this unavoidable evil.
We are not so particular here. We
have a clear atmosphere and brilliant
skies, but we are all, so far as public
places are concerned, sons and daugh
ters of bhabbyville. Inis is more
strange, because in our households no
such reproach is true. There are no
neater or better kept homes anywhere
than American homes, nor are any
people cleanlier or neater in their hab
its. It is wholly in public matters that
this shabbiness we complain of exists;
and this arises, of course, first, from
the neglect of the official persons we
endow with handsome salaries, for
leaving undone the things they should
do; and next, from a strange indiffer
ence on everybody's part to everything
of a public nature, to everything that
is not within his own private adminis
tration. Chicago was favored with 19,928 a
rivals and clearances of vessels in 1877,
while New York had only 10,739. But
the tonnage was different, Chicago
having 6,565,943, and New York 8,130,
465. Pardons and Remissions.
Gov. Gear has revised the rules of
the Executive office in reference to par
dons and remissions. As so revised,
they are as follows:
State or Iowa, Exscctive Dei-'t, )
Jax. 34, 1878. f
The following regulations will hereaftergov
ern in all cases of applications for pardon or
remission.
No such application will be entertained ex
cept in special cases, unless the following con
ditions are substantially complied with :
1. A notice of intention to make application
for pardon or remission must be published
three times in some newspaper in the county
where the crime was, committed. The follow
ing form of notice Is suggested in cases of par
don 'applications:
"Notice is hereby given that on or after
, 18, application will be made to the Gov
ernor of the State of Jowa for the pardon of
AnnrlitTiul tr tliA stair
A. 1)., l , of tne crime or-
and who
may be opposed to granting such pardon will
take notice hereof and govern themselves ac
cordingly." A corresponding notice will be published
when a remission of fine or forfeiture y
plied for.
2. When application is made, it must be ac
companied with evidence of publication as re
quired, and an authenticated copy of the In
dictment and final judgment; ana should be
signed by a majority of the jurors, by county
officers, and by other citizens.
3. The Governor has no authority to grant
pardons before conviction.
4. , Applications for remissions should be pre
sented to the members of the board of supervi
sors and the auditor of the county where the
offense was committed, for their approval or
disapproval, before being transmitted to the
Governor.
Apple Eggs. Pare and core a conve
nient number of apples, leaving them
whole; fill with sugar and pour water
over; then place in oven. When nice
ly baked, take eggs prepared for omelet,
pour in and over the apples, and return
to oven for about ten minutes; ' grate
nutmeg over them and ierve hot.
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Peru is not tired of Chicovs cheap la
ior. On the contrary, the people lik?
t, and the government i. rncouraging
Chine? immigration. There are now
70.000 Chinese in Peru with all the right
and privilege of natire citinhip.and
the government ha established a line
of steamer to bring more. Large num
bers of Chinese, it is -.aid. have become
converts to the Catholic religion, and
many have intermarried with the lower
class of whites.
OverfaaklstftT Ka.rrajl-.
It k oot mlttb! tor anj of a to urrruuk
ottr energies curjAn-l or raenUi. bui la i
eager poraiit of wealth or txiar or ki !dsr.
bene axay tnui-prr thl aiuurr rale It
auut be a matter of jrrral Unportoorr to all
vbo do to to knoTr hov tbej no rrc&ln the
vicor to recklelj eiprcdnL Tfce monlr i
neither cwtlyor difficult u obuln. Htet
Xtr't Stomach Bitter W pn-unblc io crrnr
city, town aod ettJemrot la America, aaxj ft
coujjeoAaie tor aram ui tmr or tseaui
energy raore effectually than wv luriiirant
ever prescribed or adrefuVd. Laburim; mrn.
athlete, tudcnt, JoarnxlUtis Uwjer, clcr
gymea, ptiricUa, all bear trthnlxjj to it
wofldrounlj reouiratinjr power. It Increa-ee the
capabilitie for nndrrjulm; fatigue, and coun
teract the Lojuriou effect njioa the Ttexi
of exposure, cdentarr habiu, unhealthr or
weamiur arocat!oa,oranlnalubriuu climate.
and v a prime alterative, diuretic and blood
depureat.
Qwtrt'a Irteh Tea cr fel (!.
Quirk IrWh Tea carr hriicbe.
Qalrki Irtb Tra curr iypj-la.
hentaatiiai tlatlckljr fairrd.
'Duranff'a Rheumatic Reinedr," the preat
Ixtekxxl MEiict.ve.awill posttfrelv cure any
caae of rheumatism on the face of the earth.
Price II a bottle, tx lotUe. 15. i?o!d by all
drugj?iU. Send for circular to Helphcnftiue
A Beutley, Dnu.'Kbbi. Va.ihinjnon. I). (.' Sold
wholeale In Burlington and Dtg Molnt-a.
A simple, pure, hannle rcinedy.that cure
every time, and prevent disease bv krcpltur
the blood pure, fttomach regular, kidney and
liver active, i the irreatet blefInp ever con
ferred upon man. Hop Hitters is that remedy,
and its proprietor are belnc ble!Md by thous
and) who have been Knved and cured by it.
Will you try It. See other column.
Dr. Wincukll'h Teething Svarr l a
and Sure Kerned v for Diarrtea. Dvm-iiUta-
safe
and
ChildrenA' Complaints generally. 'It r-hould In
in every bouse where there are children. Moth-
era give It a trial.
nelssialsla McjUclHal Prejiara
tloav. Helmbold's various meillclnal preparations
have for the last twenty or mora years occu
pied a prominent place on the shelves of every
respectable dnnrgist and phyMrian in tlie
land. The skill displayed in their preparation.
the Invariable pninptnes and ctllcicncy of
their action, the almeiice of nauseous and dis
gusting taste or olor, and tlit attractive man
ner in which they are put up. have made them
universal favorites. Especiallv U this the
case with Helmbold's famous liuchu. a medi
cine which has become indispennatile in the
treatment of a large and troublesome cla of
dlseanes, particularly those whiah etTct the
digestive and urlnarv organs. An a diuretic.
It is Invaluable, and the great advantage It
iK)Aie8Bes over other preparation Is the alwv
fute purity of the Ingredientsand tli&uniform
ity of strength. Parties purchiwhig bhouhl !
careful to see Uiat Helmbold's proprietary
stamp is affixed to each Iwttle.
ONBor the Most Wondekfi'l Invention-
of the age Is Doolet's Yeast I'owieu. It
makes the pcience of c(xki-ry h Mniplt- and
eaJ' that a young child or the diilh-ht .-vrvuijt
can readily comprenenn it. it muKi-f a pMir ckk
a gKxl one, ami a good one It ra!l to the rank
of artist in the kitchen. The genuine ir- koM
onlj In tin cans.
A I I lul
And irritable child will often be footlied mid
quieted by LavcookV Worm Killer. It regu
lates the lM)weI, purities the ystein,make the
child healthy miti cheerful, uiid expel- worms
thoroughly and completeh. better far than
worm ean'dies, and t-o pleasant to take tha
children love it. Sold everywhere.
Since we have lK.-en iniiig the 1'ut. Vkm1
Box Slioe blacking the leather of ourboot hu
kept wift and it lias certalnlv proved a water
prottf dressing UioukIi not utlvertiicd as such.
ItH eouveiiieiiee Is great and only excelled by
its shine.
The Tremoiit House, Chicago, U the most
elegant and best kept hotel In the West, and
its priced are down. An eleiant room and
Iioard can Ihj hal for three dollars a day, and
tbose who prefer can take a loom on the Ku
ropean priuclj le taking their meals where they
please. In the culinary department the Tre
moiit is unexcelled anywhere, mid In the gen
eral courtlses and hbspltalitlct due to ' the
guests of a house no one ! known win does
not admit the jHjpiiIarlty of the management.
Give the Tremoiit a visit, it will never be re
gretted. Eveuy bottle of the ("treat English Remedy
Is sold on a positive guarantee bv all reliable
druggists. Try it for coughs and colds.
Peifto-BN NuflcriBK from sick head
ache, dizziness, nausea, constipation, pain in
the side, c, are asked to try one vial of Car
ter's Little Liver Pills.
Invalid Pensions IxcKEASED.-Write
Col.L.BIXGHAM&Co.tAttys.forC!aims
Patents, Land Titles, Washington, D. C.
lHlaiae.
Is there a man or woman who does not know
the uses of quinine? Bat its effects are w ser
ious with many that they will not take it for
chills, and thousands would use anything else
in preference if they knew the article. Day's
Ague Tonic is far superior to quinine or any
thing else for the cure of chills, becMte it is
not unpleasant to take, produces no evil af
fects, Is a powerful antlperiodic, and when It
cares the chills, they do not return, as with
quinine. Sold everywhere. L. H. Bush, De
Moines, 8tate Agent.
Da. Wishast's Pine Tkee Tar Cordial'
positively cures const mpt ion. Taken in time
It will prevent It. All affections of the lungs
are cared by this sovereign Remedy, which al
so eradicates dyspepsia, and kindred diseases.
8old by druggist. Depot, 916 Filbert street,
Philadelphia.
Easj-Hah Feamale'HIttcrti.
This is tue great female medicine of the pres
ent century. It Is prepared expressly for the
care of chronic female complaints and irregu
larities, and its cares are truly wonderful. Mar
ried or single ladies, who are afflicted with hvs
terics, with uterine troubles, sick headache,
pains in side and back; who are prostrated,
pale, feeble and emaciated, nervous and cross,
with loss of appetite, palpitation and general
indisposition, nave only to use one bottle to be
assured of rapid recovery. They care by
strengthening and building up, and imparting
pare blood that has which become impover
ished. tfcer Reamed j Katevra Is equal
to Carter's Extract of Smart Weed for break
ing ap a cold and caring hoarseness, pain in
the breast, side or back, soreness of the flesh
and bones, stiffness of the joints, mumps,
swelled neck, etc
fftw-iriTM, livery men, and harness makers
who have used Uncle Sam's Harness Oil. will
sever ase anv other: it is the best and only re
liable oil in the market It received the hhzbest
award at the Centennial Exposition of 1376.
For sale by all trst-claes harness establish
saeets. Comsattixo the ELEMKSTS-The present sea
son kaabeea one remarkable for the preval
eftce of malarial diseases. It's the weather,
says the shivering;, shaking; nervous patient.
and at the same time may it not be inquired
iqr the physical system cannot throw orx tne
prooacea oy tne weamer ine mau
blood and liver is in eood condition is
an
V.. . .. ... -. T-L t
erea In tbe midst of epidemics. This
too onea aoticed in tne uve oi any
en would oalj avail themselves oi
tagea of retrtoringand maintaining
caS
iaas'
toe Boar toere woaia De iewer
mach less sorrow. The one
rl flu nnpTwvirnnipnflwl fthrvre
aKaTiT!. zrrrr:-,,-j t- ,
SgmiLJiJEZzVj The testimonials are counted
SarawSS-ita merits derserre for tt
aaSeTAaaTiS1 that of anr medicine
l.iSafSJft
lag t&ftl Jilff0, m mamtain-tftiactioasTO-astoii?!
loeicite
aature's laws. This iVwSt jSP318 to
sach enthusiastic tetrtliWfLnit4 forth I
emlneat statesmen and JBristeSTft. U?051
The prospect is that Slmaoos' LItm- SJ111
but become a National Renvdr lulr
recogniaed by all classes W'ti&P
fogies and faultfinders, by rich andSS?Vl
IwwurlwiM awHi wttl KlK !T?00ri
If sick, with which to secure health. CeTtK
no oMwffl do himself justice, if compSK7
unless he tries Simmons, LiTer Begnlafa!'
Twni Bbotxxbb Teast always mases good
Titr. ulrrrtitf-mrni publIh"H! br tij
Jawke InurarH-" Com pan r in "th
...i.-.j. fit lUJiUd'l'. ut ju.'W'-i
a a rvdtrUoR upon the Mic lr.ararc
CVmpnv
T tt I B1r.w a. -. .- .- .ta ..t.l
sw
Tf.r W -
.kc-l ror, tuuta u,
25S
rJllHMllU' .-: 5. l lt UttUM
SUMS, '
K'otivr- .. v- r CUM IT
rJtTKKXil MOH4i r
REVOLVERS
now. or j w m rtwff r
NEW,
WVn .lfr -. lr . a.t-1 ;
( s- - rttfl Tf -tlr'4 v
l r HOTruKltA'U Urn k V
rUB I SmU,trrr. J HOWIMiVlVK
U ri-.Tr.l ATt'HtC.
kv ' " ! .
WANT
en
it.r. ir - -w
tu -. a
' -f ftmmm Mt
V
t. T '
r.-u
AW Jfe W
'h'.-r a ! - !
MM
Ww .- r jjt
GOLD
WTCHJCH&lf-.i 920
' Ull Vr-t vto rr
V- 1 Ux'llIMN
M 11
M.M. r Jet -. .-
TEXAS'?
ITTM H. '
.T: l J jnI tkK'fu i
w U . , W
T" tT 111 Ik a
lair r'TVa.a li
H'lMltlVlllKTII - Mt.l.W.
le Conrai
Oxygen
Treatseol
Hnlnrr M -lr
H(uIr C
Stffif . rTTTlT -f.
C Lb
.pr ; tj- -wrtiAt - T An'iar
l"V
Jul- K r. ftvl rye y I - y . Ji trir Ir.
C
l.u.u.J.l()Oi;iia.fr'.i MrU.(,ta
rr ma i. m&:n.
EVERY SOLDIER : ':
fc. tfcli Mfrvta4 j to.. -A ilfcf. aj ,,IUil to
k cUlta Ut ti. rvmutMk? i? . .. 1 p., LVmI .X
itt hi r cm., f ii 4 rr lji3 .? ,..fc.
t .t L4.3 Wrf. (,- ill . I. I.IILUk.
. II e ilk .J lUl.al airr.ta. I1raatl. IIU
OXlTTTLrTT VDG - i u -,
O W all XIiIvO w,.. cniTt-iti u
I- DETECTIVES tiVv 1X1 XXMJ, ,
(nk.i fj ru h a ,.,.ftt i c4 .,.
t?tf l pfy of f l4 AZizf likilkr
Aatriran Olmlnsl iimMrtlrrr, f!iaall. .
epilepsy, .v;
f.1' rKf 0, 'i-, I'U Ml hnuwl,
AUr UO-. lift ' t , U, . i Kr, -,-.. .B-
WOOMtK II A- . On Kvrrrtl.tM-1
AMKKII'I W.tTIHI-.N fltll
HMhlNAln
irrtr.n.U' III
.. ""': ill I II
-. 0 TtirylU
rtn-iw rr 111 Atnrr'fun
ui ln43ui V'lk'I (. m-.
K.k'm ir vrtU'C n I rr-
Ce l l-t"rru a !.r,ti.I . .t i.o(
you thr rax-In oiw oUur llunlinir
Bprr.f! ri
Vr I ) -nil
y.t
o in tritir-nt nnil - f rrvrr,. o I .tax fit
ln-rwcl
l rr
ctldfi. In niinlrsonlr-r. nJ YVrrn ih- ,!rb
t Cx! ttnir tor nni- mr !! fur ! S.
r cint- jmr,ll for !
liKEMKa urnrml .i
rt M I,ut. Mi
mk 4Ti ii( . . I- lKi:fO:K, urnrrnl Ak'tnt.
:rt VjnhS-rnlIiMrirt M Unit. Mi
Use Luyties' Homffiopattiic CoqeIi Syrnp
Kor ruc!,.Croup.
InSurni. Il'jr-nr. Ailhin.
nronciiitii
pni-umon'i nd 'l lt-w, of ii. rrptr
crfu.Jy uwi! for tlj- Ut 12 yrr rrrrr fm! jr
hon:l rrp It en han4 rrrrl t-l nytfc" rir
nirj-a'v StriSt.M Itnl. A.k jcor ilrustcl.t
fori! Price 'm rwrt-.lt.i- Saiuplr tn.lt! r 10 ct
Trmlr- ar,liril J.y I II llti.h or V,rr M!h.
I)c Molnc. or T V Krutr. Oubuqur
nr iirirnn.. Ac i ni rrrsrriiiiiofi Ii rwn ur
trm. r.rrorn nf onth.Almiw, tit Mnlixl,urrriful j
tn Mt.il.uftrrD'li. r? nr fi:ril fA Korfrll fur
nny rf of Srmlnl UVakni-uur IUv Irttr !!
ea h- uni!rrtak- ar.-l fa'j. t rurf KrmaV tt'ti-ax-t
t--ntlflra. trrl-d ( iu,ti.lt!iin Vkkk h-tnl fr rlr
ctilarJLorlf Itox SiX ittSrr.Sll l'rrrjr hi Ilrnsirt. la
CHARLES MUNzi " "
ALL rtSlfleSHES,
Mnrhltir And ( Irrutar llruftira. Ilrulir f jr llrrw
r ami rrtnirrti A nij)!- llrrwcr or l'rtntcr
llru'h m-tit fur SO c-nu. Ik1t .l;l
2162 Coulir AviM - Dubuqui, Iowa.
Ol-WUTt IlKKn'ft Hrkmkkt
A MAN
OF A THQUSAND!
A
sr
fd'aNI'M
' hourlr rxnctiil from tiniimiljn. rrinp-
illr lml!ii: falliil. anil llr. II. Inaara u r
pcrtinrntlnir. Ii- arrlilnitatlr uiailp a trt-taratloii
of Inmas IIkvi-. lil ill cnrrtl lit only rfilld. and Iir
now fl- IIj! rrcliH'frrr'on rrrrlj-t uf to taiil
to pj Pin- Hi ui( alui run- .Maht Nwrnu,
iYiiuana lit Ihr Ntonuiih, and wllitirrak a frratj
cold In twrtity four tiour
Addri-a. (KAIIIMICK A: .,
1,tU l.acr ht . rtti:adr;itifa.
Naming th papi-r
CHEWINC TOBACCO
miter.
r " T
VT
VyV9"fSK'
MATCHLESS !
rtxrMT ri.ro tohac
I In tha WIIKI.II. Aak f.r
vr Vh t: '.-r. jl;: : ..: . ,'
rtfunH fM. u ajii ifriairu
"" "" """. ""'" "W.,
. inr. r 1 1 r T r iiinaiiii ill
AUP . Iikc at.. hlrac.
A r-il.,r tunnlj tor llroptjr and 111 !.. i
he Kltlneya, lllntlilrr and t'rlnarr Oi
.rrparrI nxpreaal j- fjr ihr aU; diari
ana. Ilnnt'a Krinrrfy ) futtir rrtfcl. and
It ta
-urnl inuuunua t.ttry ImjttU warraaU
fwnd to W
t llarkr. rnirWrnce. II I , fi.r lutralrd MmohU.
If jour druatlil oimt ha,r It, S will ordr at tor you.
For aalr y J VSU.KUMAXM At MAJkB. Whole
ale Akrcnu. I'uliuqae. Iowa.
TOILET SOAP!
Unrlrialral for
th- To:i-t and
th- Ilalh. No ar
tificial and lr
"T)tI;cortnr to
covrr common
and Arlrlrrioui
InaTfdli-nt Af
ttr Team of acl-
f ntlflc x t
tnmt the M
rl-
aon-
fmctnrTof II
nABniTTa HexTSOiT. haa JvrrtVct-
rdandnowofffraihrmiI.Hrlhi-ri5fEHTTUIE.rT
'T
rn
MOAriXTIIE WOKI.W. Onijr thr pufat Vf
ptahle olI un'-d In lt manufactnrr Tor Cmi In tha
Xoptarry It hm no Eqniat. Worth trn tlmr lla
coat to evrry Mothrr and Kam!!jr In C hrlatrndotn.
Sample I-ot contalntnz Ore cakr. of rlxht onncr
eaclj. rnt Fkeic to anv addrr on rrcrjpt of 75 CU.
Addn-M H T. RAHBITT. .Vrw Vork City
tWYoH Sale bt all IEf.lT.
A Farm & Home
OF VOI
OW.lf.
How is
Secure it.
ONLY FIVE DOLLARS !
FOR AX ACKK,
Of tbe trtt Land In America. ,, Acrra
Di EASTERN XEBRA8KA,
ok th Lura or Ttia
UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD
xow roa hale.
! Yean Crtdit Girau Inter et only 6 rerCerxL
Thrae we the only landi FOB SALK on the llae of
thU Gskat Kailboad. tbe Woclu' lllBinnr.
Send for Tax Nnr Pioxara." the bet vvr tor
tfcoe arelcJnaT new bomra errr pcbtlthrd. Fall In
formation wl.binMt. acnt Fbek. O. F BAVia,
Lad Agent U. I. IL IL. Omaha. b.
Reai tne Following SplenJii Offer,
Andaendn your same and sddre. npjn receipt of
which we will forward yoa IiwfiptlTe Clrca!ar.
Appletons' Journal, Pnlilisned Montiily,
Containlnz decrtptlTe lllatratrs article oa 3
knowa loralltlea. continued Korlea by the foremr
forelica and Aturrlcan aathora; abort fketchra of
trmveL bl'tory. adrentore. nd rotnaace; rerlrwaof
nr-cia work, hrtzbt and ertpedItorJaa. Tbe bt;
and ctpi magazine cbtlbed.
Tie Popular Science loitlilf,
Coadocted by E. L. tadKJ. TorA. Coatalalcr
the beat tbotjjrhw of tbe mot mdraaed znlada la tbu
and other coantriei; lllcitrattd when aeceaaarr to
farther conTey their Ideaa.
lie Popular Science MoitUj Sflijleieit,
Condscted by E. L. ! W. J. Torta. CoataJsiny
tbeTtry beat article publifceti u tbe t oreJga clez
tlflc Joars! asd reTiewa.
HPCIAXa ClalTBW
Jtefpuar J'nets.
4?mTetMls Joaraal
AaaletoaV Joaraal.wt:h
PU: of
- Mraaasa, SICO
"Ulckeas la hi Stady" - - 4 cr)
Popular Science Monthly - - 5 00
Popular Science Monthly Sap) - 3 (O
W will ead the aboTe named sutilifi to oee a4
lre. for oae year, for S9.30; wlij Put of IIcltea
la hU Study." IW.X
Popular science iiociaiy asa jippte-
tnt-s" jocraaa
oat year. 17 "B
8 00
TOO
Pooala? Science 5im:h!y sd AppJv
eas la nu siaa - - -PopuUr
Sclrnce Moataly, and Pop-
Aptietoas' Journal 1 ropuar
.7.i M,?htT n-)rfeeat -
Scleace Vonthlr o?;,kB::&ii2
in.? of "THrYra IS hl 5tUdy
SOS
pwaidlas ufocr ;loJt,?,I
thLaouat for the t.. jrifl
VL.?y rmtU.
ai
ff rUS r direct croa receipt of
.w.. 1. v tfYiirs u.
Aaoletoai"
Z?.'' wo
a-wT tr? ... r-ihe Popaur Sdeace Voaisly.
forioo.cix
.r.. -j-..?-f raiicaa in.
" .zk . n d4u. . y. city.
iWrofflrfptlos-i to the Hcve XBitilzti rcceiTM at
"X-y i
TOnrrnftri vicTon
r A-"iaasafas - iuj.i.k.r, i.
1-TJ tii.-i, k r lair
m
IIP MPnHHHH Sl(,r 1,rS,!hn.l Amrrtran
JJll lllUni 1 jjlJ r.rrtli-r.frrtiil!r.r.of
thf KtiliifT. I Ivrr I anir 'lrrt T!int..Vrnouhr
Kaaa.Bnii
ar -Kn av a
.BBBKaVa
07QESZm
yan
BABBITT'S
JF,,1bW t I'MBIjbw I PSflVVlVBB
BararaarUla . I BaTaSaraSaraSam . TaSa"aTaSarai
.n&aBBHi1 IbhbP'vbwbb
fItmMmMmm22mimmWmmmu
. T.
;r
tie Time to
11,1 IHI.i; THITHt.
4
- p.5Hk iMfV'tA
., t- -
"P llitlr-r will Hrr 1 '-
sr
v-
' r m . . fe tf96r
-
nr inn
-r Mill lrtr Vta.
wivii -,.,. rH
--
I ' - ( . r f n, i.
llti Itltir i,f Uftorr .
-. M V rt
-t '
4
-tr
lluplllilr. ,. UlHlrt-nelMrala
'
t Itiiirr. Mill K'tl' I.m.
' " - f ' t
. .. ttfe ) J
llt MUfrm U hnl Yna1rr4.
Hup lllflrr lllcrtr- om m
iJi tnt IcorJ"
pil Bop fcatf CEFt ui Pan Relict
UITU
iiw hi rYt jt pickst Citli-f Im.
t ' i tfi
m-- i 'f4
'Ctt'M- It
f.. . -"Hi f
f . '
'
.kIuht rtsta
s
r
( -AMM
11-1.
I
KNOW
M4.w, irwiiM. TBI r
rlin .- r I'l'iiari.
Hi! rtif rrum
THYSELF:
f. A ft "Ui-tk U
wt rlr. r .rr c lit.
HEAL
tJ ra; lH , tlttii vi '
lIUW It 1-AtkkKlt luMi
THYSELF
r-uv n.-u.i M.
RICHMOND
CITY MILL WORKS,
lcisTTAnrxus
tr
p rvof
u
Va, r t a .
J '.
6r.H.(. win
r rt'iii a fwJ.
Ma- MtM-fT. Cora'
'. A
t
lrU
aJ
Aff'i-ot.
Nil Maft
l Mill l'.fBJ
H i.fct t4
nOW IT PI YSro,V
rH iioRTMta
lit bru
a 4,M taff
ir k , ,. ,ia
, i rarntl
'hf i-k4 aad !
a. t ,
IS4. rtn4TlHtf
ll,Ca thr MMMr,
aurrraa La
J t IX t a ' ) i
rMliliilMrul u ,
r.i , .
I'iiii.m: m
l-Kilrialua, 4 It inililr,
i ' .t irllakl
' lr , . ft .if l lBe 14
j ' a lh Tr.l.a.
tfrj-hia ti, ta
win (Mala i.f la
, , ! 'n Yir thai
ul r ,
rHihlr ta,lir,
ltjn.) V f, a . l fr. trumrnt Tta
.Imrrlmn aln.tl f l'nuun(ili) ; iti twt
tr I.'t: a' i t nl,
jprk. ' a la' .. r .-i .fiMll. KA
H' t' r
t Indcii.i
: i.iii.i:s' T.ma oa.
It
Kill Stont and Mill FurnishlncFatttry
GRIST MILLS
BURRr"ST0E.
t i.i '' 'rta4i a
frll Mta aat
I -a' r r- f-r fann.
rr w tt ' uworra.
J . f r. n 'up tm-
r M and hllr
' jr,n(TlailiM
k t ' f-l-r A-UfH!
f a-- k'nd t-f "ill
M NMOa At .
o .V
i
Ind!ana( .', Ir ? KTn
Gniclcr.bcr,
t5
r
Muruhiills
GATHOLIOQI.
AM X.rAZ.LZDLE
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