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THE BED CLOUD CHIEF.
Advertlsmc Kates
The Red
Chief.
TOBUfiHED WEEKLY AT
ED CLOUD. NEBRASKA
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44-a-lrfrH.
tMi ,m Tnmz vt '-
M. L. 'J HOW AS,
VOLUME IV.
RED CLOUD, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY. APRIL 12. 1577
NUMBER H5.
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The fountain Meadow Massacre.
Execution or Jolin It.I-liu LMtWord
III Cotifr-MloB.
John D.Lee, the Mountain Meadow
murderer, was shot at the scene of hi
crime, at 11 o'clock, March 23d. He
made a speech bitterly denouncing
Brigham Young and calling himself a
Hcajgoat for the siiih of others. Tie
denied that he was guilty of bloodshed,
and maintained that his mission to the
meadows was one of mercy. After his
sieech and a prayer bj' Mr. Stokes, a
f Methodist minister, he raised his hands,
placed them on the top of his head, sit-
ting firm. Marshal Xelson gave the
word "fire" and balls from five guns
penetrated his body in the region of the
heart. He fell back ujkju his coffin
dead.
ins sriCEcii.
i 1 have but little to say this morning.
Of course I feel that I am upon the
brink of eternity, and the solemnity of
eternity should rest upon my mind at
the present. 1 have made out, or en
deavored to do bo, a manuscript an
abridged history of my life. This will
"be published. Sir, I have given my
views and feelings with regard to all
I these things. 1 feel resigned to my
fate. I feel as calm as a summer morn
injr. 7 have done nothing adversely
wrong. My conscience is clear before
Hod and man. I am ready to meet my
Uedeemer. I am not an infidel I have
not denied God or his mercy. 1 am a
strong believer in those things most,
rl regret I am parting with my family.
Most of them are unprotected and will
be left fatherless. "When I sjeak of
those little ones they touch a tender
chord within me. Here his voice fal
tered perceptibly. 1 have done noth-
ing designedly wrong in this affair.
1 used the utmost endeavors to save
these people. 1 would have given
worlds were it at my command, to have
avoided that calamity, but J could not.
1 am sacrificed to satisfy feelings ano
used to gratify parties. But I am ready
- 1o die. I have no fear of death. It h:is no
terrors, and no particle of mercy have
1 Jisked from the court or officials to
spare my life. I don't fear death. 1
shall never go to a worse place than the
one 1 am now in. I have said it to my
family, and I will say to-day, the Gov
ernment of the United Suites sacrifices
their best fripnd, and that is saying a
good deal, but it is true. I am a true
N'liever in the gospel of Jesus Christ
J don't, believe everything that is now
, practiced and taught by 3Jrigham
Tonne I don't agree with him. I be-
lieve he is leading people estray, but I
believe m the gospel as taught in its
purity by Joseph Smith in former days.
I have rav reasons for saying this. I
used to make this man's will my pleas
ure, and did so for thirty years. See
bow and what I have come to this day.
J have been sacrificed in a cowardly,
dastaidly manner. There are thousands
of jeople in the church honorable and
good hearted, that I cherish in my heart.
I regret to leave my family. They are
near and dear to me. These are things
to rouse sympathy. I declare 1 did
nothing designedly wrong in this un
fortunate affair. J did everything in
my power to save all the emigrants
but I am the one that suffers. Having
said this, I feel resigned. I ask the
Lord my God to extend His mercy to
me and receive my spirit. My labors
here are done.
TIFE CONFESSION.
The following is substantially the
confession of Lee. It is the only one
he made, all others being spurious. He,
imself, gave this into the hands of
District Attorney Howard in February,
JS77:
In the month of September, 1858, the
company of emigrants known as the
Arkansas company arrived in Farowan,
I'tah, on their way to California. At
-1 Parowan. young Oden, one of the Com
ply, saw and recognized Wm. Laney,
mi Mormon resident of Parowan. Oden
:ind his father had rescued Laney from
an anti-Mormon mob in Tennessee
several years lefore, and saved his life.
He (Laney) at the time he was attacked
by the mob was a Mormon missionary
in Tennessee. Laney was glad to see
1 friend and benefactor, and invited
him to his house and gave him some
garden sauce to take back to the camp
with liini. That same evening it was
reported to Bishop Dane that Laney
had given potatoes and onions to the
man Oden, one of the emigrants. When
'.he report was made to Bishop Dane,
" lie raised his hand and crooked his little
finger in a significant manner at one
, Barney Carter, his brother-in-law, and
one of the "angels of death." Carter,
without another word, walked out, went
to Laney 's house with a long picket in
his hand, called Laney out and struck
- . him on the head, rracturing his skull,
leaving him for dead.
Lee here gives the names of the
lersons who will substantiate this part
of the story.
In the last of August 185S. about ten
Tfedays lefore the massacre, a company
of emigrants passed through Cedar City.
Geo A. Smith, then first counselor in
the church, and Brigham Young's right
hand man, comedown from Salt Lake
- City preaching to the different settle;
ments. He got them to take him to
-.Cedar City via Clara and Piota settle
ments ; they took a devious course and
saw many Indians. Smith remarkeu
that these Indians, with the advantage
of the rocks, could use ap company
of emigrants or make it very' hot for
them. After pausing a short time he
said : "Bro. Lee, what do you think the
brethren would do if a company of em-J
grants should come down here making
hreats? Don't you think they would
pitch into them ? I replied that they
certainly wuld. This seemed to please
Mim, and he again said, "And you really
Jiink the brethren would pitch into
them T "I certai nly do," was my reply,
"you had better instruct Colonel Duane
or Halght to attend to it that the emi
grants be iermitted to pass if you want
them to pass unmolested." He contin
ued: "I asked Isaac Halght the same
question, and he answered me just as
you do, aid I expect the boys would
pitch into them." I again said to him
lie better say to Governor Young that
if he wants the emigrant company to
pass without molestation he must in
struct Col. Duane or Major Haight to
that effect ; otherwise they will use them
up by the help of the IndiiiB. He told
the ieople at the Clara not to sell these
emigrants grain nor feed it to their ani
mals, as they might expect a fight next
spring with the United States. Presi
dent Young didn't intend to allow
troois to come into the territory. He
said, "we will stand up to our rights,
and be no longer imposed upon by our
enemies, and I want every man to be
on hand with his gun in good order and
jowder dry, and he instructed the jeo
ple to part with nothing that would
sustain life.
Between the 1st and 10th of Septem
ber, I was summoned by a messenger
to see President Haight a, Cedar City.
The messenger said a large band of em
igrants had gone South. 3 met H:iight
near sundown, and went and spent the
night in an ojeii house talking, he said
the emigrants had passed through two
days before, threatening the Mormons
with destruction, and one said he helped
to kill old Joe Smith and his brother
Hyram, ami other members of the com
munity helied to drive the Mormons
out of Missouri; others threatened to
hang Brigham Young etc., and had de
fied the laws concerning profanity ; that
they had shown great disresiect to the
Mormons and their God, and threatened
to steal provisions unless the Mormons
would sell, and had actually stolen two
chickens belonging to a widow and
carried them off, ordering the woman
who remoustrated7and threatening to
blow her brains out; that we were
threatened on the north by Johnson's
army; that our safety depended on
prompt and immediate action; that a
company of Indians had already gone
south of Parowan and Cedar City to
surpriFe the emigrants, who were at
Mountain Meadow, and he wanted me
to return home in the morning Sunday
and send an Indian interpreter from
my home to join the Indians from thk
north and make an attack upon the em
igrants at the Meadows. I said,"would
it not be well to hold a council of the
brethren before making a move?" He
replied that every true Latter Day Saint
that regarded their covenants knew
well their duty: and that the company
of emigrants had forfeited their lives
by their acts ; and that Bishop P. K.
Smith and Joe White had already gone
by way of Pintoa to raise Indians in
that direction, and those Unit have gone
from Parowan and here will make an
attack and may be repulsed ; we can't
delay for a council.
Haight repeated the order, and I com
plied, though my wife advised me
:igainst it and my soul revolted. I
finally concluded that I would go, and
that I would try and get there lefore
the attack was made on the company,
and use my influence with the Indians
to let them alone. I crossed the moun
tains by a trail, and reached the mead
ows between 9 aud 10 o'clock in the
forenoon. I was too late. The attack
had been made just before daybreak in
the forenoon. The Indians were re
pulsed with one killed and two of their
chiefs from Cedar shot through the legs,
breaking each of them. The Indians
were in a terrible rage. I went to some
of them in the ravine; they told me to
go to the main body or they would kill
me for not coming before the attack
was made. While standing there 1 re
ceived a shot just about the belt cut
ting through my clothes to the skin,
some six inches across. The Indians
with whom I was talking lived with
me at Harmony. I was the Indian
fa mer. They told me I was in danger,
and to get into the ravine. I said it was
impossible for me to do anything there,
and I dare not venture to the camp or
to the emigrants without endangering
my life. I mounted my horse and star
ted to meet Carl Shurtz, the interpreter.
I traveled sixteen miles and stopped to
fed my horse. About sunset I met
Shurtz and some 10 or 15 men and
one hundred and fifty Indians. We
camped during the night and the
Indians went for the meadows. I re
ported to the men what had taken place;
that they attacked the emigrants abeut
sunrise .on the morning of Tuesday,
and had one of their number killed and
several wounded. The white men
Teached the Meadows about 1p.m.; on
the way we met a small band of Indi
ans returning with some IS or SO head
of cattle. Arriving at the springs we
found about 300 Indians, among whom
were the wounded chiefs. The Indians
were in a high state of excitement, and
had killed many cattle and horses be
longing to the -company. 1 counted 60
head in their camp that they had killed
in revenge for wounding their men. By
the assistance of Oscar Hamblin, a
brother of Jacob Harnblin, and Shurtz,
we succeeded in getting the Indians to
desist from killing any more stock that
night The company of emigrants had
corraled all the wagons but one for
their better defence, for this corral was
about a hundred yards above the
springs. This they did to get away
from the ravine south, the better to
defend themselves from the attacks
made from the south ravine and from
the rocks on the west The attack was
renewed that night by the Indians in
spite of all we could do. When theat
tack commenced , Oscar Hamblin, Wm.
Young and myself started to go to the
Indians. When opposite to the corral,
on the north, the bullets fell around us
like a shower of hail. One ball passed
through my hat and the hair of my
head, and another through my shirt,
grazing my arm near the shoulder. The
most hideous yell of the Indians then
commenced, and the cries of the women
and children so overcame me that I
forgot my danger and rushed through
the fire to the Indians.
I pleaded to them in tears to desist
I told them the Great Spirit would be
angry with them for killing women and
little children. They told me to leave
or they would serve me the same way,
and that I was not their friend, but the
friend of their enemies; that I was a
squaw and did not have a heart and
that I could not see bloodshed without
crying like a baby, and called me cry
baby, and by that name I am known by
all Indians to this day. I owe my life
on that occasion to Oscar Hamblin, who
was a missionary with the Indians, and
had much influence with tne Santa
Clare Indians. Finally we prevailed
on them to return to camp where we
would hold a council; thatl would send
for the big captains to come and talk.
We told them they had punished the
emigrants enough, and may be they had
killed nearly ail of them. We told them
that Bishop Dane and President Haight
would come, and maybe they would
give them part of the cattle and let the
company go with the teams. Wednes
day morning a man named Edward
was sent to go to Cedar City and say to
President Haight for God's sake, for
my sake, and for the sake of suffering
humanity to send out men to rescue that
company. That day we lay still waitr
ing orders; occasionally a few Indians
withdrew, taking a few head of ani
mals. About noon we crossed the val
ley north of the corral, thinking to ex
amine their location from the west
range. I crept up behind some rocks
on the west range, where I had a full
view of the corral. In it they had dug
rifle pits; the wheels of the wagons
chained together, and the only show for
the Indians was to starve them out and
shoot them as they went for water. 1
lay there some two hours, contem
plating their situation, and wept like a
child. When I returned to the camp,
some six or eight men had come from
Cedar City. Joel White, W. A. .Stewart
and E. C. Wildou were among the num
ber, but they had no orders ; they had
come merely to see how things were.
The Meadows are about fifty miles from
Cedai City.
Thursday afternoon the messenger
fiora Cedar City returned. He said
President Haight had gone to Parawon
to confer with CoLDuaneaudacompany
of men, and orders would be sent Fri
day; that up to the time he left the
council had come to no definite conclu
sion. During this time the Indians and
men were engaged in broiling beef and
making their hides up into lassoes. I
had flattered myself that bloodshed was
at an end. Both parties raised a white
flag. A council was called, consisting
of the President the Bishop, and other
church officers and members of the
high council and societies of the high
priests, and Major John M. H. Higbee
presided as chairman. Several of the
dignitaries bowed in prayer, invoked
the aid of the Holy Spirit to prepare
their minds and guide them to do right
and carry out the counsels of their
leaders. Higbee said President J. C.
Haight had been to Parowan to confer
with Col. Duane, and their council and
orders were that this emigrant company
must be used up. 1 replied, "Men,
women and children?' "They will,"
said he, "except such as are too young
to tell tales, and if the Indians can't do
it without help we must help them." I
commenced pleading for .the company
and I said I thougnt some of them be
haved badly, but they had been pretty
well chastised. My policy would be
to draw off the Indians, let them have
a portion of the cattle, withdraw with
them under promise that they would
not molest the company any more; this
course could not bring them into
trouble. After further similar talk,
Ira Allen, high councilor, and Bob
Wiley and others spoke, reproving me
sharply for trying to dictate to the
priesthood; that it would set at naught
all authority; that he would sot give
the life of one of our brethren, for a
thousand such persons; if we let them
go they will raise h 11 in California;
and the result will be that our wives
and children will have to be butchered,
and ourselves, too; and that they axe no
better to die than ours and I am sur
prised to bear Bra Lee talk as be does,
as be has always been considered one,
of the staanehest of tbe ehtirC and
, now he is the first to shirk from hi
duty." I said, "Bro the Lord must
harden my heart before I can do such
a filing." Allen said, "It is not wicked
to obey the council." At this juncture
- I withdrew, walked off some SO paces,
and prostrated myself on the ground
and wept in the bitter anguish of my
soul, and asked the Lord to avert that
eviL C. II. Hopkins, a near friend of
mine, came to me and said, "Bra Iass,
come get up, and don't draw off from
the priesthood. You are only endan
gering your own life by standing out;
you can't help it; if this is wrong the
blame won't rest upw you. I said,
Charley, thlsis tiworst move this
people ever made; I feel it" He said,
"Come, go back, and letthein have their
own way." I went back, weeping like
a child, and took my place and tried to
be silent and was until Higbee said tWe
emigrants must be decoyed out through
pretended friendship. I could no longer
hold my jeace,and aid, "Joseph Smith
said that God hated a traitor, and so do
I ; lefore 1 would be a traitor 1 would
take 10 men and go to that camp and
tell them they must die, and now de
fend themselves, aud giva them a show
foi their lives; that I would be honora
ble rather than betray them like Judas."
Here I got a reproof, and was ordered
to hold my peace. The plan agreed upon
there was to meet them with a thig of
truce, tell them the Indians were de
termined on their destruction, that we
dare not opjKise the Indians for we
were at their mercy; that the best we
could do for them the emigrants was
to get them and what few traps we
could tike in wagons ; to lay their arms
in the bottom of the wagons and cover
them up with the bed clothes aud start
for the settlement as soon as jossible,
and trust themselves in our hands. The
small children and wounded were to go
with the two wagons, and the women
to follow the wagons, and the troops to
stand in readiness on the east side of
the road to receive them. Shurtz and
Nephi Johnson were to conceal the
Indians in the brush and rocks till the
company was strung out "on the road
to a certain point and the watch-word,
"Halt, do your duty," when eacs man
was to cover his victim and fire.
Johnson and Shurtz were to rally the
Indians and rush in and despatch the
women and larger children. It was
further told the men that President
Haight said that if we were united in
carrying out the instructions we would
all receive celestial reward. I said I
was willing to put up with a less re
ward; I exclaimed, "How can you do
this without shedding innocent blood V
Here I got another lampooning for my
stubbornness and disobedience to the
priesthood. I was given to understand
that unless I kept a closed mouth in
this matter it would be death with me.
All but myself spoke and declared that
they were willing to carry out the plans
of their leaders, who were divinely in
spired. They all looked at me. I said,
'You can do as you please; I will not
opiose you longer." "Will you keep a
closed mouthV" was the question. I
said, "I will try." Saturday morning
all was ready and every man assigued
to his place of duty. During the night,
or rather just before daybreak, Johnson
and Schurtz ambushed their Indians,
the better to deceive the emigrants, and
about 11 a. "31. the troops under Major
Higbee called Wm. Bateman. of the
ranks, to take a flag of truce to the cor
ral. He was met about half way with
another white flag from the emigrant's
camp. They had a talk. The emi
grants were told that we had come to
rescue them if they would trust us.
Both the men with flags then returned
to their respective places and reported
and to meet again and bring word.
Higbee told me to go and inform them
of the conditions, and if accepted. Dan
McFarland, brother of John McFar
land, the lawyer, who acted as aid de
camp, would bring back word and then
two wagons would be sent for the fire
arms, children, clothing, etc I obeyed,
and the terms proposed were accepted,
but not without mistrust. My tongue
refused to perform its office. I sat
down on the ground in the corral where
some young men were engaged in pay
ing their last respects to some person
who had just died of wounds. A large
fleshy lady came there twice and talked
while 1 sat there; she relaU. their
troubles; said that 7 of the umber
were killed and 47 wounded in tht first
attack; that several had died since.
When all was ready Samuel McMun
dy, counselor to Bishop P. R. Smith
Klingensmith, drove out on the lead.
His wagon had the 17 children, the cloth
ing and the arms. Samuel Knight drove
the other team, with five wounded men
and one boy about 15 years old. I
walked behind the first wagon to direct
tbe coarse and to make a show of being
inthe'beat of the slaughter; but this I
keptrto myself. "When we get turned
fairly to the east I motioned to MeMun
dy not to drive so fast, as he swore to
on my trial. I said "drive on," as my
aim was to ist eat of sight before tbe
Jiring commenced, which we did. "We
were about half a mile abecd of the
company when we beard the first firing.
We had drove over a ridge of rolling
ground and down aa tbe low flat. Tbe
firing was simultaneous along the whole
line. The mossent it eoasMnced lto
Mundy halted aawltied tbs lines across
I tbe rod of his arsjisiisy. jisiiwij iown
eoolt with a doable serreHei shot fwn,
walked xxck to Knight's wagon width
had the wounded in. and about 'H) frrt
in the rear. As hr raised hU plt-cr he
said: "Lord, my God. receive their spir
its, for it b for Ute Ktnjrloin of 1 1 rav
en's sake that we do thU." lie &rtl
and killed two men. Samuel Knight
had a muzzle loading ntle, and he shot
ana killed three men ; he then struck a
wounded boron the head who fell dead.
In the meantime I drew a five shooter
from my belt and accidentally tired,
cutting across McMundy's buckskin
pants; McMuudy said, "Brother 1,
you are excited ; take things cool ; you
maa near killing me; look wherthe
ball cut" iointing to the place in hi
pants. At this moment 1 heard the
scream of a child. 1 looked and saw an
Indian have a little boy by the hai. of
the head, dragging him out of the hind
end of a wagon with a knife in his hand,
getting ready to cut his throat I sprang
for the Indian with my revolver m ni)
hand, and shouted at the top of mj
voice, "stop you fooir the child was
terror-stricken. His chin was bleeding
and I supposed it was the cut of a knife,
but afterwards learned that it was done
by the wagon as the Indian yanked the
Ikjv down by the hair of the head. I
had no tooner recovered this child than
another Indian seized a little KirL I
rescued her as soon as I could sjK'.ik. 1
told the Indians they must not hurt th
children; that I would die lefore they
should be hurt; that we would buy the
children of them. Before this time the
Indians had pushed up around the
wagon in quest of blood, and despatched
two runaway wounded men. lu justice
to my statement I would say that if my
shooter had not prematurely exploded
I should have had a hand in despatch
ing the five woHiided. I had lost control
of myself, and scarce knew what I was
about 1 saw an Indian pursue a little
girl who was fleeing; he caught her
about 100 feet from the wjigons. I said
to McMundy he hd better drive the
children to Hamblin's nuiche and give
them some food, while I would go down
and get my horse at the camp. Passing
along the road I saw the dead strewn
along for a distance of alxiut an half a
mile. The women and children were
killed by the Indians. I saw Shurtz
with the Indians, and no other white
man was with them; when I came to
the men they lay about a rod apart.
Here I came up with H.gbee, Bishop
Smith and the rest of the company as I
came up higher said to me. "Let us
search these iersons for valuables," ana
asked me to assist him ; he gave me a
hat to hold. Several men were already
engaged in searching the lodies. I re
plied that I was unwell, and wanted to
get upon my horse and go to the ranches
and nurse myself. My request was
granted. Reaching Hamblin's ranche,
being heartsick and worn out I lay
down on my saddle blanket and slept
and knew but little of what passed dur
ing the nictit About daybreak in the
morning 1 heard the voices of Colonel
Duane and Isaac Haight; heard some
very augry words pass between them,
which drew my attention ; Duane said
he would have to report the destruction
of the emigrant camp aud company
"How as it was, an Indian massacre f"
Duane said he didn't know so well alout
that; his reply seemed to irritate
Haight who sjwke quite loudly, saying.
"How the h 11 can you report it any
other way without implicating your
self?" At this Duane lowered his voice about
to a whisper. I couldn't understand
what he said, and the conversation
stopped. I got up and saw the children,
among others tbe boy who was pulled by
the hair out of the wagon by the Indian
and saved by me. That boy I took
home and kept until Dr. Forney, the
Government agent, came to gather up
the children and take them E ist He
took the boy with the others. That
boy's name was William Fane; his
father was captain of the train ; he was
taken east and adopted by a man in
Nebraska named Richard Sloan ; he re
mained east for several years, and then
returned to Utah, and is now a convict
in the Utah penitentiary, liaving been
convicted the past year of the crime of
highway robbery. He is now known
by the name of "Idaho Bill, but his
true name is William Fane. His little
sister was also taken east and is now
the wife of a man working for the
Union Pacific Railroad Company near
Green river. The boy, now a man. has
yet got a scar on his chin caused by a
cut on the wagon box. and those who
are curious enough to examine will find
a large scar on the ball of his left foot
caused by a deep cut made by an axe
while he was with me. I got breakfast
that morning; then we returned to the
scene of the slaughter to bury the dead.
The bodies were all nude. The Indians
had stripped them of every vestige of
cio.mng. Many of the parties were
laughing and talking as they carried
the bodies to tbe ravine for buriaL
They were just covered over alitUe, but
did not long remain so, for the wolves
dug them up, and after eating the flesh
from their bones, they laid upoa the
ground until buried some time after
ward by Government militia officers.
Haight had another quarrel with
Duane, who was apparently terror
stricken, and they used very hard
words toward eaeh other. Tbe
were stripped of evsrytbinc. A
was seat after tbe attack to
Tea sating bis
nbxit tnrfertn; a;i tbr oossjunt
H-dkl ii rrinrn until thf mwtvrtr
' w c?aimj:iv!. IarC Haicht csnn
niMoo-d me lo cu aM Irll Y'Hjns
a!mt Jtym tt woaM b & ffth-?
in my cap. aud I wiHiUt ert clU3 1
j raibm. bat thn man who shrank 'rum
j it now would jro to brlt I wrul am!
j told Itngb&tn my mission and Ibr
whole story, omlttin; tnv ojj. mtiosi.
, exevpt thai I op(Hi Uw sbtidlng of
innocent bloud. "Whr." aid hr, -you
difiVr from Isaac Uaicht for hr iald
there was not a drop of innocent blood
in the wholf cotiijKinr "
When I was through he said it w
awful; that h- cam! nothing about the
men. but the women and chiMn-n wv
what troublrd htm. I wild. "1'rralJrut
Voting, you should etthrr rrleiwr thr
men from their obligation or sustain
them whru tiiy do what thy hare
entered the tn Ml s icrr-J obligation to
do.r H replied. -I will think over th
matter, and will make it the subjwt of
prayer, and you may com luv:k in thr
mornini: and t, m. I did so. II
s;ud, -John. I feel tlrit-rute; I aksl
the Lord if tt w;is all right for that
dewl to ledone to take away lb vision
of the deed from my mind, and the
Inl did so. and I fx;l first nit. It i
all right The only fear I have is of
traitors. He told me never to ltsp tt to
any mortal ting, not even to brother
Wetwr. I'rwidfnt Vonng ban always
treated me with the friendship of a
father, sincn and ban sealed several
women to me since, and has made my
house his home when in that part of
the Territory, until danger threatened.
This ts a true statement according to
the Iwst of my recollection.
(Signed.) .Ions I. I.i:i
Lee accompanies this confession with
an autobiography emlhKlying th ftory
of the degeneration and wickedness of
the letter Day Saints. He entrusts It
to a friend who will sell it aad give
the proceeds to his family. He says:
"This weak and pliable tool who lavs
down his jen to face the executioner's
guns, is not more guilty tlian others
who to-day are wearing the garments
of priesthOvKL My autobiography, if
published, will open the eyes of the
world to the monstrous deeds of the
leaders of the Mormon eop, and
place in the hands of the Government
Attorney tbrt4fmlni of iom of tbrr
most blood-curdling crimes ever com
mitted in Uiah, which, if followed up,
will bring down many fiorn their high
places in the church to f:ice offeuded
ustice ujkiu the gallows."
0HUlSKEWs.
Demonstrations were made in Herlin,
March 21st by idle and destitute men
against the Posen lalwera, partly to
force the municipality to give employ
ment to the destitute, but the ioiiie
being called rejKatedly, no serious act
of violence were committed. The in
dustrial crisis in Germany giows worse,
and the destitution is spreading with
significant rapidity. A deputy recenty
stated in the Reichstag that actual fam
ine was iuiending in th Gaiut Moun
tains, Silenia. In Rerlin, a committee
has been formed to institute measures
of relief, and other cities and towns
have asked ennission to begin impor
tant works to give employment to the
pwr. Altogether the situation is dis
tressing and the future threatening
An Amsterdam banker recently offered
Russia a loan of 2.000.000 rubles at 8
per cent, butthe negotiation fell through
with in consequence of the banker in
sisting on disarmament and an engage
ment to raise no other loan for five
years In tbe event of a renewal by
the Turk3 of the Montenegrin-Herzego-vinian
war, the insurgents intend offer
ing the Prince of Montenegro the chief
command.... A special from Paris to
the London Times says: When the
Russian demobilization is once ordered.
Europe will be surprised at the speed
with which it will be effected. Numer
ous regiments are already encamped
away from the frontier, and the proto
col once Bigned, the Czar will address a
proclamation ordering demobilization
to almost an empty camp. Tbe Czar
is aware of the bad financial and social
condition of Russia. . .The Russian gov
ernment has sent Montenegro provis
ions sufficient for a year.
The Mark Lane Exprtm in a review
of the British coin trade, says the pres
ent eeason. altogether, has been more
favorable than last year at this time.
A dispatch from Pern, of March
26th, says the negotiations between tbe
Forte and Montenegro are apparently
interrupted, the Montenegrin envoys
refusing to telegraph for further in
structions, being sure of tbe Prince's
determination.... The Turks continue
their outrages on Greeks of the ortho
dox church Amid feverish excite
ment and unremitting labor in tbe
Vatican relative to tbe Consistory, tbe
Fope has fallen ill again.
The Pope is strongly advised to fulmi
nate the great excommunication against
Victor FmanoeL should he siga the
clerical abuses bQl.... A telegram frost
Alexandria, reports that Cokmel Mitch
ell, an American officer of tbe Eaglisb
staff, is a prisoner at Adowa, chained
to a natiTe soldier and suffering se
verely The (Commissioner Geaeral of
Switzerland, at tbe Centennial xbi
bitiea. states that tbedeeliae is Swks
exports to America is sot dae to tbe
riwiiil rrUia" hat t tiwa avalsA.
I saent at native fsWrestr?;: A. military
rtot isccarri at MTncr tfc b4rti
Iaj of jap-ftr WUhun. TS-rt rM a
ftjht lKnrs k-om Irtttea aad fin..
dan oS4T Jin wfcicfe trr! yrrr
ttllrd anO 0 wwtjiirtL Aa9j tk
tilled t a o;Aia and bl!t
A dlrJch fr& "VtMa y all
xvaturt rr ii.a t Austria
to moUHie, n caref U.tji.J n
o thr frostier l fwrtnlght U ?
loed br aiuUT V,' a ftoftaSsfct
ifterwanl Tk mditarj t!m r
In every rrpc jAttfacUW7 IjrmaSIci;
has t grroUj Jmprtwxi by tfe
dreadrd attitude of the ewrrrtn-it
mpportrd by such powerfol m.a of
action TheI.udon Tie, tVUcti
ing finance matter. .' that I5w
tevenue for the year Hill t ljsiljKl
short of thr rail male. TUl Ul lT te
tint c-w uf thr I tod for mar year.
and thl U vrry unfortunate tn rlrw t
tfie economy which has bwQ tilte
markrd In thr appropriation ..The
ultan of IVrak m furrtWy artev.nd
on the night of March rTth wttlwHtt
warrant or rttten authanty. A writ
of halea corpti ww uttered ft" d
rrfuW Trince Autoiur lto:unrte,
nephew. Of N'Apolroa I. " deaiL
A ChlHeJM lraHile.
The Ijundnn Spectator rTtm nt
prie thtd the -Alntatt'U de CaHa
should not Include the CUinrpe -Iku
of T Kuug" m it ii f exmimi
the earth. Hut. whon r rt farUtar
Informed that thl high jmwOHj?e twJ
hlfl title and e.nUit by bi"4HrT eV
?cenl in tbe dlrtvt line or tttucw tfefttt
())eam,lt i clear thai fo Pt UtM
Into juxUiwtinu with the nt far
dtfeceuried uublea of F.urope uttairf L-e.
to reduce them to the ii!U ( r
riiTii and mushroom. Ur n, ay Ike.
SjHcUilur "The llneid male hr of a
descendant of Confucius ennobled by
the founder of the Han dyuofttv. 11. C.
jo-i. Ills representative w:u njrain. ao
cording lo the Cclrstiol Kmptre, ralwxl
to the hlRhest rank in China nhorl of
the throne In A. I X), and the title,
the Governorship of the dlntrict Btu
rounuing the tomb of the ,-uu;. 1
estate of UV.,000 ncrra are still enjo)ed
by thr rrprenenUliveof the house, who.
moreover, controls all the family, now
numbering niore than 11.000 imma.
He is entitled beside to royal honors
and receives them even fnnn the high
est offlciaU. The cae Is ourionsraa the
only one in which a great family ha
retained a grand jxjwltion owing In a
pedigree derived from a thinker, and
not from a soldier, a stateaman. or, like
the J'iantagenets, from ft brigand. The
descendants of Mohammed are still sej.
arate in the Kast, and still enjoy an ex
emption from capital punishment, but
they are not nobles.
Social tnstom in New Ireland.
The more we know of savage life all
over the world, the more certain it aj
peara that, so far from liehavlng like
-children of nature. as sentimental
writers in the last century used to make
out, the lowest savages are more ham
pered In every action of their dally
Uvea by ridiculous and oppressive reg
ulations than ever was a courtier of the
Grand Mouanine. The chief end. In
deed, of the m(t of their social ar
rangements seems to be to make life
irksome U the strong and pirwjHjrou.
and well-nigh intolerable to the weak
and indeicndcnL
The most recently discovered popula
tion of savage, the cannilals of Xew
Ireland, in the South Seas, are no excep
tion to thb rule. There is In N'ew Ireland
a custom which requires that a chleTs
daughter shall be kept In a cage within
her father's house until her introduc
tion into society. The cage scarcely
gives her room to move, and she cannot
leave it during any part of the day
though she is allowed to take a stroll
with near relatives aftr nightfall.
This sounds very bad ; but the "ew
Irish might, wera one to animadvert
too strongly on the folly of this custom.
j.oint out that "chiefs daughters' else
where do all they can In the way of
tight waistbands, thin boots, and long
and heavy skirts, to cripnle tleir nat
ural powers of locomotion, and in more
ways than me to hamper themaelvm
with unneceasarv wirework of their
own devising.- Pall Mall Gazette.
Senior to Freshman, as they stroll
aloag the street at midnight: "How
wonderful are the heavens. Only
think, it takes thousands of years for
the light from some of those dim stars
to reach us. Philosophic Freshman:
"Yea, but I say. suppose a ray of light
has just started from one of those stars,
and after it has traveled a thousand
years to reach tbe earth, supposed the
earth to be suddenly annihilated ; what
a terrible disappointment not to find
the earth after all! Or, suppose an as
tronomer traces up a ray of light and
finds no star, but only a bole at the end
of it, the star having "gone out'atbou
ssskI years before bow ussatkfaetory
that would ber Utter collapse of
Senior.
Servant (answering doer-bell rung by
little ragged boy-Coue,go rigfct away ;
we bare got aothiag foryoo. Boy
Haiat asked yoa for Bothiag yet. kare
I? SenraanV-nxJerigIy-Weil, what
woekl jtm. bare asked for? Bey
Dfefet rsow bwt this bouse was fer
if it was I waatoa to bwy k.
of tbe 1st
Bobert
is tbe weaHkkstlssly
Waaaiagte.
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