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THE RED CLOUD CHIEF.
H.its r Advertising".
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The Red Cloud Chief.
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RED 7LOUD, NEBRASKA
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M. IT. WARNER,
mft ti T tirn
VOLUME III.
RED CLOUD, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, MAY :.. 167C.
NTMKEK 12.
IMltor am! 1'roprletor.
V
&
UL
m
t
THE XLlVth CONGRESS.
Krnalr.
TnriDAV, May 4. Senator McMil
lan, from the committee on commerce,
reported favorably on the bill to exempt
all vessels engaged in the navigation of
the Mississippi and its tributaries above
Xew Orleans from entrances and clear
ancesreferred. The impeachment trial
was resumed. Mr. IMair, for the re
spondent opened the argument on the
question of jurisdiction, quoting at
length from the IJlount case. He denied
the power of the Senate to try, on ar
ticles of impeachment, a nrivate citizen,
lie contended that soveral Tinted States
Judges hail resigned, and impeachment
proceedings against them stopjied.
Manager Lord replied to the argument
of Mr. lilair. He asserted that the Sen
ate had jurisdiction in the case, and in
support of his position cited numerous
legal authorities. "When Mr. Lord con
cluded, the Senate, sitting as a court,
adjourned. Legislative business was
resumed, ami the Senate soon adjourned.
The House went into committee of
" he whole on the postotlice appropria
tion bill. Ilcmarks were made bv Messrs.
Vance, of North Carolina, Holman and
others, and the committee rose. The bill
passed appropriating S'.JMH) for the ex
pense of the committee to investigate
thcoilicial acts of the Federal officers
of Louisiana. A resolution was passed
accepting the invitation to attend the
opening of the Centennial KxjKisition,
and adjourning the House from Tues
day, the '.in, to Friday, the IL'th of May.
Mr. l.laine offered a resolution directing
the committee on ways and means to
consider at once some" measure for the
relief of the country from the threaten
ing scarcity f fractional currency. ir.
Springer moved as an amendment that
the same committee be instructed to re
port a bill repealing the provision for
!h" redemption of fractional currency
in coin. Mr. Iilaine declined to accept
ihe amendment, and moved the previous
question on the resolution. The resolu
tion was adopted. A message was re
ceived from the President declining to
furnish the House information as to his
various absences from Washington
referred to the .Judiciary committee and
ordered printed. Mr. McDougall offered
a resolution, which was adopted, in
structing the N'lect committee for the
investigation of Federal offices in Loui
siana, to make a full investigation of the
circumstances attending the assassina
tion of M. ILTwitchelland David King
on lied Uiver. particularlyas to whether
the cause was or was not of a political
character. Adjourned.
Stii:it.
I'm pay. May :,. The House resolu
tion for adjourning to attend the Cen
tennial opening was adopted. The im
peachment trial was resumed. Mr. Car
penter began the argument for the
respondent, Belknap, on the question of
jurisdiction. He claimed that articles of
impeachment could not be entertained
against a private citi.en in any case
whatever, read from the debates of the
constitutional conention, and argued
that the men who framed the constitu
tion never had the slightest idea that
anvbodv but a public officer could be
impeached. He was followed by Mr.
Knott for the managers, who held that
the real question was whether they ex
creted the functions devolved on them
as the highest court known to our gov
ernment" bv irtue of constitutional
1 tower, or merely at the will and pleas
ure of the accused. There was nothing
in the constitution which limited the
power of the House of Uepresentatives
to prefer, or the Senate to try. articles of
impeachment to the time during which
the party accused shall lemaiu in office,
or at anv other time whatever. He said
that the'verv moment the impeachable
offence was 'committed the guilty party
become liable to impeachment, and there
w;is not a word in am of the provisions
of the constitution relieving him from
that liabiHtv upon the termination of
his office, whether by resignation or
otherwise. Senate sitting as a court of
impeachment, adjourned, and resumed
legislative business. After referring
several House bills to the appropriate
committees, the Senate went into execu
tive session, and soon after adjourned.
II OUST.
A resolution appropriating SLC0 for
the better ventilation of the Hall was
passed. Mr. Blount reported the naval
appropriation bill which was made the
special order for Monday, May Mb.
After the passage of many prhate bills,
the House adjourned.
Seii:ifo.
SATtiMAV. May 0. The considera
tion of the impeachment articles was
resumed. Senator Conkling submitted
the following questions to the managers:
1 if two persons guilty of crime in
office cease to be officers at the same
time, one bv removal, the other by re
signation, is one rather than the other
subject to impeachment afterward?
2 Is a private citizen liable to impeach
ment under the constitution of the
United Mates, and if his having previ
ously held an office distinguishes him in
-xt his respect from other citizens? Sena
tor Mitchell, of Oregon, submitted the
following question: Hie constitution
V
n-ovidesthat when the President of tin
'nited States is tried on impeachment.
the. Chief Justice shall preside. Sui)-
'se a late President were impeached
for high crimes And misdemeanors com
mitted while President, and presented
at the bar of the Senate for trial, who
would preside the Chief Justice or the
President of the Senate? Manager
.Tenks read a long argument in favor of
the jurisdiction of the Senate.
llontr.
After some unimportant business the
House went into committee of the whole
on the postoflice appropriation bill. The
item for compensation of postmasters
was increased from $t?.r00.000 to 80,800,
000. Mr. Muechler moved to strike out
the provision abolishing the free de
livery svstem in cities of less than 40.
000 inhabitants. Without disposing of
the question the committee rose. The
oath of office was administered to J. V.
LeMovne as Representative from the
Third'Congressional District of Illinois.
Adjourned.
ftenate.
Monday, May S. The impeachment
trial was continued, manager Knott re
suming his argument He was followed
bv Judge Black in the closing argument
for the respondent The Senate then
convened for regular business, and Sen
ator Sargent submitted a resolution
setting forth the injury resulting from
Chinese immigration, and instructing
the Committee on Commerce to consider
the subject and report a bill placing ad
equaterestrictions upon the emigration
of Chinese to this country agreed to.
-r5lfe Senate agreed upon two orders m
reference to the impeachment trial, as
follows: 1. That until further notice
attendance before the Senate of the man
agers and resjiondcnt will not be re
quired. '. That when the Senate, sitting
for impeachment, adjourns, it shall be
to Monday, Mav irth, at 12:30 o'clock,
P. M. The Senate went into executive
session and soon after adjourned.
Ilouac.
Mr. Hale offered a resolution directing
that the House Investigating Com
mittees to hold open sessions, and moved
its reference to the Judiciary Committee
rejected, 1 1 1 to M. Mr. Payne from
the Committer on Civil Service Ibdorui,
offered a resolution directing the Com
mittee on Ways and Means to make a
thorough investigation into the manage
ment of the custom house at the port of
New York, and of the changes ami re
forms necessary to most effectually
enforce the laws for the collection of
the eustvoms and revenues adopted.
The Committee of the "Whole was dis
charged from the further consideration
of the bill to carrv into effect the jiro
visions of the treaty with the Hawaiian
Islands, and the House proceeded to its
consideration. After some discussion
it was passed veas, 1 Hi; nays, 101. Mr.
Kandall introduced a bill providing for
the coinage of .i"i,oXMKK) additional
silver coin, and authorizing the ecre
tarv of the Treasury to purchase silver
bullion with legal tender; said silver to
be put out in the ordinary disburse
ments of the Treasury, or in exchange
for the trade dollar at par. The bill
further provides that the trade dollar
shall not be legal tender. Kef erred.
The House adjourned.
Anglo-Saxon Weddings
Not till the ninth or tenth century did
women ootain lue privilege oi cuoosinx
or refusing their husbands. Often they
were betrothed, t he bridesgroom's pledge
of marriage being accompanied by a
"security," or "wed," hence comes the
word. Part of the wed always consisted
of a ring, placed upon the maid's right
hand, and there religiously kept until
transferred to the other hand at the
later nuptials. Then, also, were repeated
the marriage vows and other ceremo
nies, out of which those now prevailing
have grown. The bride was taken "for
fairer, for fouler, for better, for worse,
for richer, for poorer." and promised to
"buxom and bonny" to her future hus
band. At the final ceremony the bride
groom puts tne ring on eacn oi me
bride's left-hand lingers in turn, saying
at the first, "In the name of the Father,"
at the second. "In the name of the Son,"
at the third, "In the name of the Holy
Ghost," at the fourth, "Amen." Then
also the father gave to the new son one
of his daughter's shoes, in token of the
transferor authority which he effected,
and the bride was at once made to feel
the change by a tap or a blow on the
head, given with the shoe. The hus
band, on his part, took an oath to use
his wife well. If he failed to do so, she
might leave him, but by the law he was
allowed considerable license. He was
bound in honor "to bestow on his wife
and his apprentices moderate instiga
tion." We have nothing to show the
exact amount of castigation held mod
erate by the Anglo-Saxons; but one old
Welsh law decided that three blows with
a broomstick on "any part of the person,
except the head," is a fair allowance, and
another provides that the stick be no
longer than one husband's arm, nor
thicker than his middle linger. Prior
to the seventh century a wife might at
any lime be repudiated on proof of her
being either barren, deformed, silly,
passionate, luxurious, rude, habitually
drunk, gluttonous, very garrulous, quar
relsome or abusive.
Strength of Character.
Strength of character consists of two
things power of will and power of
self-restraint. It requires two things,
therefore, for its existence strong feel
ings and strong command over them.
Now it is here that we make a great
mistake; we mistake strong feelings for
strong character. A man who bears all
before him, before whose frown donies
ics tremble, and whose bursts of fury
make the children of the household
quake because he has his will obeyed,
and his own way in all things, we call
him a strong man. The truth is. that is
the weak man; it is his passions that
are strong; he that is mastered by them
is weak. You must measure the
strength of the man by the power of the
feelings he subdues, not by the power of
those which subdue him. And hence
composure is very often the highest
result of strength. Did we never see a
man receive a ilngrant insult, and only
grow a little pale, and then reply
quietly? That is a man spiritually
strong. Or did we never see a man in
anguish stand as if carved out of solid
rock, mastering himself? Or on bear
ing a hopeless daily trial remain silent,
and tell the world what cankered his
home peace? That is strength. He
who, with strong passions, remains
chaste; he who keenly sensitive, with
many powers of indignation in him, can
be provoked and yet restrain himself
and forgive-these are the strong men, the
spiritual heroes. Hec. F. W.Robertson.
All the ends of human felicity are
secured without revenge, for without it
we are permitted to restore ourselves,
and, therefore, it is against natural
reason to do an evil that no way co-operates
the proper and perfective end of
human nature; and he is a miserable
person whose good is the evil of his
neighbor; and he that revenges in many
cases does worse than he that did the
injury in all cases as bad. Jeremv
Taylor.
During April there were coined at the
United States Mint at Philadelphia, 48,
673,187 pieces, having the value of
$1,087,250.
GENERAL NEWS CONDENSED.
On the 1th of May. a fire in Somerset,
J 'a., destroyed a foundry, two hotels, five
stores and other buildings, i: or 20 in
all, with a total loss of nearly 3200,000:
insurance, S7.',000 The third annual
i uier-Statc oratorical contest for the
States of Indiana. Wisconsin, Illinois,
Missouri, Iowa and Ohio, took place in
Chicago, May 4th. Fifty Seminaries ami
10,000 students were represented. The
contestants were: J. K. Kdwards, of
Indiana; A. S. Richie, of Wisconsin ; J.
C. Lewis, of Illinois; Charles T. Noland,
of Missouri; Mis F.valyn M. Chapman,
of Iowa, and Miss Laura Kent, of Ohio.
Charles T. Xoland won the first prize
and Miss Kent the second. The nexf
contest will be held at Madison, Wis.,
May !th, 1S77 On the night of May
,".d Ren French and wife at Warsaw,
Ky., who had been imprisoned for oi
soning an old colorwl man, were taken
out of jail by a mob of masked men and
hung to a tree about two miles from
town.
The Pennsylvania legislature adjourn
ed .sine die. May r.th The Democrats
of South Carolina have appointed dele
gates to the National Convention. The
delegates are not instructed Harvey
Arnold & Co., of the North Adams,
Mass., print works, have failed, with
labilities of not less than .$1,2:0,000.
y(t j
ess than 12.000 men, women and
children in the six mills are thrown out
of work The photographic establish
ment of Elliott & Annstead in Colum
bus, Ohio, was destroyed by fire a few
days ago, with about :',0,000 negatives.
Loss on building S:,000 Gen. Custer
has been ordered to resume his com
mand of the Indian expedition under
Gen. Terry The Republicans of
Georgia have chosen delegates to the
National Convention. They are reported
to stand : Morton, 5 ; P.ristow, 0 ; Conk
ling, :5; Blaine, S. There are ir. white and
0 colored delegates.
Violent storms of wind and rain
visited Chicago, Leavenworth, Kansas
City and other places on the Gth of May,
doing immense damage, to vessels and
other property. The damage in Chicago
is estimated at S2fi0,000, and in Leaven
worth and vicinity, $150,000. Late
news from Yreka, Cal., says Col. Win
gard, United States paymaster and his
clerk, en route to Port Gaston to pay
the troops, were attacked by two high
waymen. The clerk was killed and
Sl,G0O taken from him. Col. Wingard
was wounded but escaped with the
balance of the funds. One robber has
since been captured Taylor, Joy &
Co., dry goods merchants of New
Orleans, have made an assignment
liabilities, $00,000. 1). O. Clark & Co.,
produce dealers of the same city, have
also failed liabilities, 821,000 The
President has pardoned James E. Marsh,
gauge r, convicted in the western district f
of Missouri of false returns, on the
ground that there was no intentional
fraud The case of the United States
vs. the U. & M. 1. li. in Nebraska, in
volving the title to b',0.000 acres of laud
lying on the north side of said road, has
been decided in favor of the railroad by
the United States Circuit Court.
A riot occurred among the lumber
yard men in Chicago, May sth, during
which a number of shots were tired, and
one man killed. The trouble was the
result of a strike The Emperor of
llrazil visited both houses of Congress
and met the President in Washington a
few days ago The Liberal Republi
can National Committee has called a
National Convention at Philadelphia,
July 2Gth Afire in York, Pa.. May
7th, destroyed property valued at S110,
000. and 100 working people were thrown
out of employment V young lady
named King, while attempting to cross
the railroad track near Mt. Vernon, 111.,
May 9th, was struck by a locomotive
and instantly killed The grand jury
of the District of Columbia has returned
a bill of indictment against W. W.
Belknap, for accepting a bribe while in
office A gambler brought suit against
the Union Pacific railroad for damages
for ejectment from the cars on account
of his known profession. The jury
rendered a verdict for the plaintiff to
the amount of $1.47, being the amount
he paid for his ticket.
The Republican State Convention of
Michigan held at Grand Hapids, May
10th, selected delegates to the National
Convention, but did not instruct
Joseph Clarke's tobacco preparing house
in Louisville, Ky., burned May 10th,
with a loss of $45,000; insurance, $23,000.
The Independent Greenback State
Convention of Wisconsin was held at
Madison, May loth. Delegates were
chosen to the National Convention at
Indianapolis On the Uth of May,
Robert Savage, of Dumore, Pa., killed
George West during a quarrel growing
out of a dispute about the dividing line
of their lands The military sent to
Massillon, Ohio, arrested twelve leaders
of the miners' riot who were indicted bv
the grand jury. One man refusing to
stop was shot, and soon died Three
hundred brickmakers of Chicago in
augurated a strike, May 10th, marching
in a body to the yards with revolvers
and clubs, and demanding higher wages.
The police promptly suppressed the mob.
The-take of buffalo robes in Montana
the present season is the heaviest for
several years. Some of the dealers will
ship from 8,000 to 10,000.' .
The Khedive of Egypfis forty-five;
and has only four wives.
THE WORLD OF SCIENCE.
Xallve U'lia UMMWrrtm.
In the last number of the yaturalUt,
which, by the way, has tevomo under
its new administration, so enterprising
and useful a publication that tvery
student of Natural Scier
uld secure
it, Dr. Asa Gray ap
the bota
specimens nists of the United Sta:
of our nathe wild fi
information regarding
rries, with
ir distinctive
habits. The genus containing these
plants h:is not Ikhju proerly worked up,
and Dr. Gray asks for assistance from
those having opKjrtunities of observa
tion of living sjiecies in putting it into a
fright condition. He givcw h description
or trie various specie. Hcpr- as mis nas
yet been completed, in order that the
reader may judge for himself what re
mains Julie done.
' " Mkr-Dwrllrn.
In the course of house-buildinr ex
cavations made in the vicinity of
two lake-dwellings between Anvurmier
and Colombian. Swit7crland. there was
opened to view a chamber whose con
tents proved to be a burial place of the
lake-dwellers. Within the chamber,
which was supported by upright stones,
there were found ten or fifteen human
skeletons, the skulls collected in one
corner, and the other remains in the
centre. With them there were entombed
a bear's tooth, a wolfs tooth, a small,
smooth bone dish, two hatchets of ser
pentine stone, a bronze needle, a small
copper ring, and four small bronze
bracelets. The discovery of this grave
which is supposed to be a family tomb
of a date between the Stone and Rronze
Ages is particularly interesting as af
fording needed light upon the question
of how the lake-dwellers disposed of
their dead.
Freezing Pl.at .VmIom.
The apparent phenomenon of plants
surviving after their juices have been
frozen has excited much research for an
explanation among botanists. The prob
lem has not yet been satisfactorily
solved, but some interesting testimony
in the case has been elicited through the
experiments of Mr. Tiffard, which are
published in an English exchange. Some
juice of a cabbage-leaf, mingled with
water, was placed in a bottle and sub
jected to a low temperature, along with
a second bottle containing pure water.
The latter fluid froze, but the mixture
of cabbage-juice and water resisted con
gelation. This result goes to show that
the juice3 of plants do not freeze in
temperatures whicli congeal water, their
chemical constituents giving them a
power to resist the ordinary effects of
cold. Where the frost does destroy veg
etable life, the process is in accordance
with the common law by which frozen
liquids expand and disrupt the surround
ing tissues, causing disintegration and
death.
Vegetable Ivory.
The demand for the ivory-nut luis so
increased in the German market that its
price has nearly doubled within a short
time. The nut is the fruit of one of the
most beautiful of all the palms. The
tree (Phytelephas Macroearjw) is a
native of South America, particularly
of the Andean plains of Peru, and of
the shores of the river Magdalena. The
stem of the tree is short, and lies pros
trate on the ground ; but from its crown
arises a tuft of light-green, pinnated
leaves, of magnificent size and beauty.
They are described as resembling im
mense ostrich-plumes, rising to the
stately height of ao or 40 feet. The
fruit, which is as large as a cocoanut,
consists of an aggregation of leathery
drupes, each containing four triangular
nuts, nearly as large as a hen's egg. The
kernels of these nuts, when ripe, so com
pletely simulate ivory in color and
consistency that they have been adapted
to many uses formerly monopolized by
the animal product Many articles man
ufactured from the ivory-nut so re
semble those made of true ivory as to
deceive the best judges.
ud-BalMfn.
Several papers, detailing explorations
in the mounds in and around New
Madrid, have been read at late meetings
of the Academy of Sciences at St Louis.
Prof. Conant who has recently made a
visit to a locality some miles from New
Madrid, and there examined several
mounds, related that in one instance, in
addition to the skulls of the true mound
builders which were found in the centre
of the structure, two crania were dis
covered on the edge of the mound which
belonged to a widely different race.
"The exceedingly-low, retreating fore
head indicated a much lower grade of
organism; yet the remains had been
buried after the mound-builder fashion
with a jug on each side of the head."
The Professor also gave an account of
an examination of a' burial-mound at
New Madrid, which was situated in a
space of about 50 acres, inclosed with
earthern walls. Something like 1,000
skeletons have already been exhumed
in this enclosure; and, in most cases,
thin pieces of pottery have been found
buried with each skeleton. Among the
articles of pottery recovered were ves
sels a foot in diameter, and with walls
so thin that they could not be safely
moved when filled with water. So great
a difference was observed in the preser
vation of the skeletons that Prof. Conant
was induced to believe the mound had
heenln usa for a Inntr nrind an a hnrial
j place.
x-jaaaau'
FOREIGN NEWS.
The British consul at Hm Janeiro re- J
porta by telegraph. May nth. that a mu-!
tiny broke out on the lark Caswell, oft i
Swansea, for Queentown. and all the
otlicers were murdered by the mutineers.
I special from Athens to the Lon
don Tim? rejNirts that the ltulganun
insurrection near Philipi-oj-jlis threat
ens to Ix'coine serious. The Porte is
greatly alarmed and is sending forward
all its disjosable forces b daily and
nightly trains on the Adriauople rail
way. The movement has ln.-en long
preconcerted by the Servian agitators.
At first it was considered unimortaut.
but it has spread rapidly, and the num
tiers of Insurgents are variously eau
maYwl at from 1.000 to 10.000. 'Die.
Porte has informed the foreign ambas
sadors that it h:is resolved to raise the
duties on iiujHirts 20 jut cent ...The
London T inns' Paris eonesjoiidentsas
the project of a. general diplomatic con
ference on Turkish affairs lgin J 1"'
seriously entertained. A dispatch to
the Times from He1 in states that a
reorganization of the Austrian cavalry
has been ordered whereby the force is
raised to GO.Ooo, exclusive of the Land
wehr The Porte has sent by tele
graph the following account of the dis
turbances in Salonica to the Ottoman
Ambassodor at London: The convert
to Mohammedanism arrived at Salonica
by railway, and the Mohammedans pro
ceeded to conduct her, according to eus
tomtto the residence of the Governor
General, when about l.'O jiersons whom
the Consul of the United States had as
sembled rushed at the convert, tore off
her veil and mantle, and carried her by
force to the house of a Christian. The
excited Mussulnien proceeded to the
Governor's residence and insisted that
the convert should be brought thither.
The Governor hearing that the German
anil FriMicb Consuls 1i:mI ei
mosque, which
crowd, went the
suls to withdraw
pie. All his effoJ
Iiopulaee wrench
grating, fell upon
them down in sj
forts of the Go'
with his own jk
mately dispersed
ernor of Salonica
has been reston
arrested Corn
L'Unitenelle say
inents have forw
count of the ori
at Salonica to th
The American
wav station whei
tracted by the el
She was surround
sulmen who
forcibly to the
took the girl uudi
he was seeking
her nationality.
French consuls
formed that a wol
respective natioi
into u mosque.
paired to the moj
beaten to death.
ent of the Londo
American Consi
would succeed i;
into his house, s
man i onsuiaie. i ne
afterward eoiniK'lled the German Con
sul to sign an order for her delivery
and then murdered him.
A Koanihig Letter.
We have tieen shown a letter, ad
dressed from London to a lady at Sutter
Creek, whicli has taken twenty-three
years to reach its destination. The let
ter concerns the disposal of about f 15,
000 worth of property in England, and
hence the authorities have put them
selves to more than ordinary trouble to
see that it fell into the hands of the
party to whom it was addressed. It
bears the date of April, 18W, and has
circumnavigated the globe twice. It
has sought its owner in Sydney, Austra
lia, on two different occasions, and fail
ing in its mission to the Southern Cross,
it fell into the London dead-letter office,
where it remained for five years. At
last it was forwarded to Sutter Creek,
and was perused by the rightful party
nearly a quarter of a century after it
was penned. In the protracted interval
that elapsed between its penning and
delivery, the estate to which it related
was wasted by costly litigation, and is
now scarcely worth the trouble of going
o look after it Amador, Cal Ledger.
"Come, Pete," said a merchant to a
gentleman of the colored persuasion,
"whafll you put that load of wood into
the cellar for?" MIn de fuss place, my
name is not Peter, sir; secondly, I'se a
profeshnal carpet-cleaner and white
washes fudermo, I doesn't compete for
sich jobsTsahT
Until the reign of the Empress Jose
phine a handkerchief was thought in
France so shocking an object that a lady
would never dare to use it before any
one. The word was ever carefully
avoided in refined conversation.
.T. Hatch, who for the past fifteen
years has been collecting mineralogical
specimens in California, will have 17,000
of them on exhibition at the Centennial.
Ah ! ladies, here's good news. A hun
dred and fifty thousand seals have been
landed at St Johns this season. "
IlllfU 111 Llll IIIU.IIUU I
II Y.
Tin.'it tiuiti:i" rutu. tLrtfii, jui ..
Our flfcr' Ht irm ot W Lw4
T -aMr tw. Itlr fralka ; 4.
W tar W 1 J vaMM. fr.
And );&! tr u4 4 Tfa.
Tv lSal T5 (t l " SMir.
Ad.1 lfT.il Tar t-r '. & f .
Hr. -jef -M. V T drU.
Ttc r:tff fair tbt M t Xtttut
V vir rcfett It Ikr tJ rrfjto
Of rl:4 kwll J t&lUkf ctl.
To itxtv ur fottJi ttlH flSl U
I5 igcrt wf tank -ur tl or call
U -Jth u al! tlir r- W rW jrv4
The OM W utkl tkrvHtflftc all iUt.
I Btrian.- aU lb triumph a
II) art it toll trt-Br;h tar tn.
and uut' rxutBtvn C"l nrUala
Tlil rlaIHjiif ItaaU J tirala
KtTifrn hart h,-rr In -Mcrvl furW
Tb war Cac at a albrl wetld.
Itreralb our WVJrrt ! ful31I
Tb Ortnr mllon f un1.w"iU.
Alltl. frclCttcl with lc lklrO ilrrrr.
stiil hack It Alffuautur l--c,
t'ot ait ami Utx-r met In trurr.
I or hvautt ia.!- thr brl! ( ut,
Ur IhasW Thrc. Wut. withal, -r rra
The autcr lttur trw)C to ar,
Thr bwnur rHf f 4ar r kmW.
Tt manhood urtrr bought bttr sid
Oh Dial Thou u ttirossh rraturlr WMj
lu pear trrutr. Ih ImUr :rHR.
Around our pltt of (rmloru draw
The afrrfuari! of Th) rlghtrou law
Aud cAit in iue dlvlurr nild.
It th- new cjti j ha me the old'
jou (j Wiimiru in Jun AtUntir
Formal Opening of tho Kxpoitlon.
The inauguration of our Centennial
eositiou took place in Philadelphia on
the 10th of May, aceoiding to the pro
gramme. In the morning it was rain
ing, but about to o'clock the sky liccamc
clear, and the weather very pleasant. It
is estimated that at least one hundred
thousand jieople weieon the grounds.
After seating the official visitors, the
orchestra of l.o pieces aud I voices,
under the direction of Theodore Thomas
and Dudley Huck. K.rforiiied national
airs, and then Wagner's 'Centennial
March," which w:is received with ai-
fol lowed the opening
p Minpsoii, and the smg-
r's "Centennial Ihuin."
esidentof the Centennial
ice. man appropriate ad
mally presented to the
Centennial Commission.
The presentation of the
the President of the
w:is made b Joseph It.
ent of the Cuitcd States
ninissioii. He was fol-
iPresidcnt of the Tnititl
I his address as follows:
riMijIIHINT l.UANT.
vmiin: it nas oecn
riate. umiii thisoeejision.
icr in Philadelphia lor
ion, specimens of our at
e industrial and fine arts.
e. science and philoso-
in the great business of
of commerce. J hat we
loroughlv appreciate the
11 deficiencies of our
and also give emphatic
ir earni'st desire to culti-
hip of our fellow mem-
it family ol nations. Uic
s'ricultural, commercial
ng lieople of the world
itcd to semi hither cor
cimeus of their skill, to
I terms in friendly eom
ir own.
ation they hae gener-
ror so doing we ren-
arty thanks. The beaut
ie contributions will this
d to vour inspection bv
f this Exhibition. We
to know that a view of
of skill of all nations
will afford to you unalloyed pleasure, as
well :is icld to von a ."a!-uible practi
cal knowledge of so many of the re
markable results of the wonderful skill
existing in enlightened communities.
One hundred years ago our country
w:is new, and but partially sett led. Our
necessities have compelled us to ehielly
exiend our means and time in felling
forests, sul Killing prairies, building dwel
lings, factories, shijis, docks, ware
houses, roads, canals, machinery, etc.,
etc. Most of our schools, churches,
libraries, and asylums have leen estal
lished within a hundred years.
Burthened by these" great primal
works of necessity, which could not be
delayed, we vet have done what this ex
hibition will show in the direction of
rivaling other and more advanced na
tions in law, medicine and theologv, in
science, literature, philosophy and the
line arts. Whilst proud of what we have
done, we regret that we have not done
more. Our achievements have been
great enough, however, to make it easy
for our people to acknowledge su'ierior
merit wherever found.
And now, fellow-citizens. I hoj a
careful examination of what is to be
exhibited, will not onlv inspire you with
a profound respect -for the skill and
taste of our friends from other nations,
but also satisfy you with the attain
ments made by our own people during
the past one hundred years.
I invoke your generous co-operation
with the worthy Commissioners to secure
a brilliant success to this International
Exhibition, and to make the stay of our
foreign visitors, to whom we extend a
hearty welcome, both profitable and
pleasant to thern.
I declare the International Exhibition
now ojen.
At the conclusion of the President's
speech the flag on the main building
was raised, salutes were fired, bells rung.
the "Hallelujah Chorus" was sung, and
chimes commenced ringing various
national airs. A procession then moved
through the various buildings, amid the j
ringing of bells, liooming of cannon
and the music of bands in all direc
tions. At night the city was illuminated
on a grand scale, the old Suite House
building being then the great center of
attraction. Calcium lights were thrown
upon the historical building, and every
thing was as brilliant a in the day time.
The illumination was continued until
midnight. -JW111,
A paper mill is to ie erected at Be
atrice. Nebraska.
A ?hkrr Mcrtias.
1 .-in i urr irhclhrr th dirTr
i fiwrt in thv nx h had a Ktrotor tr lr-
f.vrttinlXl t U uftrf wr raWf U kw
Uietr UiJTm'nS wnnm htaU burk
bmtvd hk r htr trarpit In . Ugwr
ri ny, ami wuh krwl owte jHxtUlartl;
of tfp r movement Ui tV. or mt
miiwb and imulr us rot .itvl lavr
hisUTv ntl eUarartor. Amdx; IWm,
mine mi imf Mr1.m;j tUart Mw ma
Uttanan. !- nxl frnm Irjt Hv
place in lUv ru:xl, !Mt h net rpbt
bunds Uiit time nftr a ry fusHtvr
and erratic fishn. l"atir Abraham
is verv dctif. nod m the Mtttn -twnl
bit of Kl.itrl ih4It ah at tarV'
in hh thrmt. and came ratchin Ami
soratnblln upaftor thwothors had eiM-l
in a manner that w;u r.ttlmr lmnl to
Unr. lint it wa wumlTfkt Unit k
liouM know what liuiu lhtr mim v !
thrr sang w iimrtit l-k H-ttb-hv
tlior of a Wrm ( ouiria! n.Umn
which tlui lmket avd rYciuatwlT -til
very Intel t. and ihirk in.it: f timttt
still prefer. At hi great a ! HU!
works even dav at Uisket-wwikin;;. in
which he is ery skillful and nm
tioiis. I bit it i MipfttliHitts to mi llfc;
hakerwnrk ih atwayn the Urt of u
kind. He is iarctv M-k. .nml In tukur
part in all the details of the wvrsUlp, aw
he did when he came. Mtr jours ago.
He was then a young man. and it bsitMl
that he visited the community from Mii
curiosity, with his lxtnithtit. Its Hf
and faith made an instaut iinjrwvkii
iixn him, and he proneil to th ruling
girl that they tdioiild Uh lxnunj
Shakers; but after due tlHinicht he to
fu.sl. She said that she wMild ! ht a
hindrance to his wish in tin- m.UiM;if
he was called to thllelief, she nieUilN
back hm piomtie. To the la.tkers U
siMMiis right that he sIhhiM 1w ateiit'
il her sacrifice; to soun of the uorM
outside it w til seem tragic. Who knw?
He has never icgrcttcd his eiurn'; nUn
took another mate, saw hei rluklten
almilt her kiK'e. and died long no, after
a life th.tt w;is no doubt as happy an
iiiinL Mut perhaps in an affair liko
that, a girl's heart hail supremo claim.
Pel haj there are some things that one
ought not to do even with the hoj t
winning heaven.
After this old man. -onic of the littly
ones, left b death or their parent' pir
ertV tr win thlessiu.i to the euro of the
Hiakcrs. were the most iuteicstiug tW:
un-s in the march, through which they
moved with such a pretty plcasiite. The
meeting must hae Im-wii a delight to
them, though their faci-s kejt a huIim
imss which was an edifying pnif of
their discipline. This is the effect if
Vigilance and moral suasion : I betjeve
the Shakeis neer strike their little
w. uds. or employ anr harsh liicamin
with them. W. 1). Uowellt in .liw
Atlantir.
The HoiiHfjiof 1770.
Of architecture, let it be rcmumheio.1
there was little or none. The hou-e was
built simply and Milstantinlly. for use.
and not for display. The timlK-rs were
so large and -mi sound that een the
wear and tear of a hundred years hae
iften left them unimpaired. Uriel
were often imp-irtisl from Kugland.
Windows were small, and the panes dk
miuutivc. tSx-S 7xti and sxio U-Jng the
common .sizes of French window-ghts
advertisetl for, sale. The Iioum was
generally Mjuare, the walls of exceeilSng
thickness; the chirnney roe m:insie
ami capacious in the center; the interior
walls were panclnl; and the great oaken
lx.'ams crossetl the ceiling in plain sight.
The center of the house, and of the
family life which it sheltered, was th
oj.ii wi-xl fire, whicli blazed cheerfully
in the huge fire-phu'e of the bring room.
Stoves were unknown : and no funiae
sent its currents of overheatel air to
bailor chamU-r. (Viking w:w done in
tin kitchens, or turn-spits placed l:for
the fire, or in pots hung by links arid
1-SpitK tl
hung h
hooks from the swinging craae, or in the
great brick oven which the chirriney
work included on one side. Edward
Abbott's "Itecolutionary Tim."
Origin of aurnarae
It is interesting to trace some sur
names kick to their original meaning?.
The name Iatirner is a writer of Iitin ;
Barker is synonymous with tanner;
Milner Is an old form of miller; Lander
Ls a contraction of lavandier. a washer
woman; Bannister Is the keeper of a
hath ; Tupprnan, a name familiar to the
readers of -Pickwick Paprs." means a
breeder of rants, which usti to be called
"tups." The names Spinner. Fuller.
Tucker, and Dyer are derived from the
wool manufacture carried on by Flern
inish colonists, who settled in Xew
England. As a general rule, says Mr.
Iwer, all names terminating with rr
are Mieved io have enne from the
Anglo-Saxon rcrr, a man; hence Sayter
is saltman ; Miller Ls rnillnian ; Welrtter
is the old feminine fonn of weblier;
Spinner of spinner; Brewster.of brewer.
The -cattle king" of the world 's Hop,
Sam Allen, of Galveston, who owns
200,000 bovines. and whose prepared
lieef is known and sold throughout the
civilized world. One of Mr. Allen's
ranches is situated near Galveston, and
one string of plank fence thereon is 15
miles in length. In additioa to this he
lias other extensive ranches in the west
ern part of the State.
Cherries were known in Asia a f; r
back as the seventeenth century.
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