'.&
I 1
THE RED CLOUD 'CHIEF;
--..MrxM"rf
Rates of Advertising.
T.
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-
-
The Red Cloui Chief.
JCBMSITKD WEKKLV AT
OakJsaa. 3 yrr ..... ....
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BED CLOUD, NEBRASKA.
Short aJicrtUsscst. tU arrrtUtxU fr
Lrti Ua tfcaa o& year, ar sfcjl to 4 stweUl
ro&Usct.
Local a4 SdHcrfal Notice & cau Ha fer
trst tascrttoa, uJ S erst foe ca abqtt
tssloa.
LrjU a4rrtltlar a Statu price,
Basiars cants US pmr year.
Tae ar tnt Lnmt casa raiM, t4 aa lat
Urtss will be etws.
IMI. 33. --VJLEliTBK,
ST.
VOLUME III.
RED CLOUD NEBRASKA THURSDAY, DECEM SEU K 1875.
NUMBER IT.
Editor mad-rroprlctor.
X.
- - ! M -, I -'
'aP'rT " " SHST" , ,1n
Mi,, ' "- " """.fiv.ii i'1'.r' ' " ' ' ii nn i.iuuiMW!ii 111 Mm .'.i . fgawr-M '..i, u .n'JS"'. .IJ-H ."
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GENEKAL NEWS tO.NDXESED.
The cfilcial vote of Oregon give
Lane for Congress a majority of 207.
A. Jacobs & Co., wholesale provision
merchants of Boston, have suspended.
On the 19th of November, snow 3
feet deep and still lulling, was reported
at Evanston, Wyoming.
A dispatch from Mobile .tys the pres
ent cotton crop, If it can be gathered,
will be the largest since the war.
Dacia Pantrcss shot and killed Peleir
Jaynor in a quarrel about n hog, No
vember 19th, at Franklin, Virginia.
The majority lor ratification of the
new Alabama constitution will not be
less than 50,000, and may rtfncli 60,000.
At a Centennial tea party held in
Washington, Iowa, recently, a petticoat
was exhibited said to be 500 years old !
A. S. Gailord, of Michigan, has been
sworn in as Assistant Attorney General
for the Interior Department, and assumed
charge.
Judge It. It. Ilccsc, one ol the foun
ders of Ijavcnworth, and Probate
Judge of the county, died in that city,
November 19th.
The ceremony of unveiling and dedi
cating the monument In memory of
Edgar Allen Poc, in Westminster church
yard at Baltimore, took placo Nov. 17th.
Indiana has 479 lodges of the Inde
pendent Order of Odd Fellows, and a
membership of 20,000. Twenty-three
new lodges have been instituted during
the last nix mouths.
Mark M. Pomeioy, better known as
"Uriel: Pomeroy," pioprictor of the
Democrat in New York Citv, suspended
November 17th. His liabiiit cs are
estimated at $140,000. No asiets.
John Claik, who f.hot i.fficer John
Tiuvcr, was hanged in the jail yard at
Itochcs'cr, N. V., November 19th.
When his body was cut down an attempt
was made by his friends to resuscitate
him, but without success.
All the murderers of the four Italians
at l)ener, Colorado, have been captured
and will be tried soon. Several of tho
band have confessed the crime since
their incarceration, and it is now be
lieved that all of them seven in num
ber will be hnuci3.
Gov. Ilartranft on the 18th of Novem
bcr issued warrants for the execution at
Pittsburg, on Thursday, Jauuary 6, 1875,
of Wm. Mutray and Frederick Meyers,
convicted last March ol the murder of
Godhard Wahl, and sentenced to be
hanged April Sd.
Ilenry Nicholson was hung at Cow
fchatta, Louisiana, November 19th, pro
testing his innocence of the murder of
Marcus Young, the Jewish peddler.
Nicholson's brother, who was also a
murderer, aud sentenced to death for the
same murder, escaped a few weeks
since.
The action of Chief Justice White in
discharging Brigham Young from al
leged contempt, for disobedience to the
order of Judge McKcon, requiring him
to pay alimony to Ann Eliza, is satis
factory to the Government. It. is the
opinion of the Attorney General that the
woman in question in marrying Brigham
Young violated the United States stat
utes, and therefore could not avail her
self of her own wrong.
A wretch named Wm. Tompkins, at
Council Bluffs, after making previous
attempts to murder his wife, went to the
Bryant House in that city, where she
was temporarily stopping, and with a
jack knife inflicted eight or nine wounds
on her back and lour in her breast. The
poor woman managed to get out of the
apartment end w.13 getting down stairs
as best she could, when she wa3 caujrht
by an attendant. Tompkins was ar
rested and held to bail in the sum of
$5,000, which he failing to secure, he
was sent to jail to await the action of
the grand jury. At latest accounts Mrs.
Tompkins was still lingering, but her
recovery is considered as not probable.
Tompkins is a well known and promi
nent farmer near Macedonia in Potta
wattamie county, and is an Englishman
prone to be excessively mean whs n under
the influence of liquor. Several weeXs
ago he broke up housekeeping and went
to Council Bluffs.
An important feature of the proceed
ings of the National Grange of Patrons
oi Husbandry, November 23d, was the
report of the finance committee recom
mending that the salaries ot the officers
be increased to the following figures,
which was so ordered: Master, $1,200
per annum and expenses; Treasurer,
$C00 per annum and expenses, and Sec
retary, $2,000 per anBuni and expenses.
The bond of the Secretary is fixed at
$10,000, and of the Treasurer $5,000.
The election of officers resulted as fol
lows the Master receiving a plurality
on
10th ballot:
'
John
T.
Jones, Arkansas; Otweter, J. J.
"Wood:
oz .aucLigaar'ueciurcr, a.
teward, A. 11.
; -Assistant btew-
lead, of New
Ellis, of Ohia;
:5HcDoU; Secretary,
O; M. Kelley, 4 Kentucky v?ato Keep
aiejfcjeep-
er. O. iMwiaie, oi !'
jars.J.T.Joas,oC
.
B. BtYedMtjKpwa;
VBBKBH.V& MMO"Wr
- ffaMMt Cawaaaia. av b.
BaVaValaVSTC 'X.Mm
FIRES.
A steam tannery was burned at Monc
ton, Nova Scotia, Nov. ! 9th. Loss $25,
000; insurance, $15,000.
A fire al Irwin, Pa., on the lflth of
November, destroyed fourteen building,
including ten stores. Loss, $50,000. In
sured. Tho residence of James Ferry, near
Elkhorn, Nebraska, was destroyed by
fire, Nov. 17th. A defective flue was the
cause. Loss, $800.
The large sawmill owned by Iteynolds
& Emlaw at Grand Haven, Michigan,
was destroyed by fire on the 19th of
November. Loss, $50,000; insurance,
$30,000.
The steamer D. K. Martin was barncd
atl3'taFcn Island Nov, 18th by the over
heating of machinery. The passingers
and crew were removed in small beats.
Two men were badly scalded.
Two barns belonging to C. Cummings,
Usccola, Michigan, were destroyed by
fire a few evenings ago, with their
contents consisting ef faix horses, four
cows, three wagons and a large quantity
of hay and grain.
The fine residence of Hon. John
Meyer, formerly Stato Senator from
Jasper county, Iowa, was burned at
Newton, Nov. 17th. The fire originated
In a defective flue. The house cost
$15,000, and was insured lor $8,000.
On the 10th of November, a fire oc
curred at Marysvillc, Benton county,
Iowa, destroying a large barn filled with
hay and grain belonging to C. W. Downs;
also (he store and stock of J. B. Barrel,
whose 1 083 is about $15,000, on which
there was no insurance.
FUKEIU.N NEWS.
A Paris dispatch sayd that Alexander
Colin, the painter, is dead.
The London Morning Star gives prom
inence to the announcement that E.
Ward Hunt, First Lord of Admiralty,
will resign, aud will be succeded by
Lord Henry Lennox.
A special from Berlin states that in
telligence has been received from Herz
ogoviua that the Turkish forts at Goran
sko and Nicksick must shortly capitu
late to the iusurgents unless provisioned
in time.
A telegram from Constantinople states
tkat the Porte has urged the Russian and
Austrian Ambassadors to remonstrate
with the Piince of Montenegro, because
so many of his subjects arc joining the
insurgents.
News has been received from Slavonic
sources announcing that the insurgents
have captured an important fort, with
nil its garrison, which was commanded
by Zubci. The insurgents have also oc
cupied several strong positions in the vi
cinity of Piuva.
The German Empire will have a deficit
of 5,000,000 thalcrs in 1870, to meet
which it is proposed to raise the excise
duty on beer and tax operations on
'Change. Taxing beer is not a popular
measure in Germany. It was tried in
Frankfort in 1873, and terrible riots were
the consequence.
A telegram from Constantinople con
tains the following war news: C,A
serious encounter occurred on the 12th
of November at Piva, in Bosnia, between
sixteen battallions of Turkish troops aud
a large body of Insurgents. It is re
ported that the Insurgents were com
pletely routed, leaving COO killed on the
field."
A dispatch of Nov. 23d says: After
Gen. Kaufmaun left Namanghan for
Khossend, the Kuptschinaks rebelled and
invested the citadel and the Russian
camp. The Russians resisted success
fully for three days, when Gen Scopleff
returned and and attacked the Kipto-
hacks, who fled leaving 3,800 dead on
the field. Anarchy reigns throughout
Ehokaud.
Lire Stock at tke Ceatcnnlal.
The managers have solved the prob
lem of how to meet the demands made
for a show of fine bred farm stock at
the Centennial, by leasing the stock
yard grounds near the main entrance.
The grounds are passed by the Penn
sylvania Railroad and street railroads.
The present sheds will be removed,
and neat stalls erected. Water will be
supplied in abundance, and every con
venience promised which may be needed.
Persons who intend to exhibit should
make their entries now, that space may
be provided and retained. It is pro
posed to show stock according to the
following plan :
Horses from September 1 to Septem
ber 13; neat cattle from September 20
to October 5; sheep and swine from
October 10 to October 25; poultry from
October 25 to November 10.
The residence of Mr. Neft, in Wapello
county, near Waugh's Point, Iowa, was
destroyed by fire a few days ago. Loss
$2,000; Insurance, $800 in the American
of Chicago.
We should remember that it is quite
as mach a part of friendship to fee deli
cate in its demands as to be aaaple is
it perfonaftscea. J. T. Boves.
V
Death of Vice President Wilson.
VIck President Wilson died very sud
denly at Washington City at 7:30 on the
morning of Nov. 22d. The following
order announcing his death was issued
by the President the same day :
Executive Mansion, )
Washington, Nov. 22, 1875. )
It is with profound sorrow that the
President has to announce to the people
of the United States the death of Vice
President Henry Wilson, who died in the
capital of the nation this morning. The
eminent station of the deceased, his high
character and long career in the service
of his State and of the Union, his de
votion to the cause of freedom, and
tli2 ability which he brought to the
discharge of every duty, stand conspic
uous, and arc indelibly impressed in the
hearts of the American people. As a
testimony of respect for this dis
tinguished citizen and faithful public
servant, the various Departments of the
Government will be closed on the day o
the funeral, and the Executive Mansion
and all the Executive Departments ir
Washington will be draped with badges
or mourning for thirty days. Tho Sec
retaries of the War and Navy will issue
orders that appropriate military aud
naval honors be rendered to the memory
ot one whose virtues and services will
long be borne in recollection by a grate
ful nation. U. S. GRANT.
By the President :
Hamilton Fish, Secretary of State.
The following telegram was received
by Scrgcant-at-Arms French, of tho
United States Senate, lrom the Governor
ol Massachusetts:
Boston, Nov. 22.
Your telegram announcing the death
of Vice President Wilson is received.
Massachusetts deeply mourns her loss,
but in the midst of her grief she is
proud of his pure character and hie dis
tinguished public service.
Signed. Wm. Gaston.
The following dispatch has been re
ceived by the President from Hon. T.
W. Ferry, President pro tern of the
Senate:
Gkand RArins, Mich., Nov. 22.
To tho President, Washington, D. C:
I have received with profound sorrow
information of the death of Vice Presi
dent Wilson, and share with you this
great loss to the country and mourn
with his personal friends.
T. W. Feuut.
Sketch of tho
Lire or Tice
WilSOB.
Frcsidcat
Henry Wilson was born at Farming
ton, N. II., in 1812. Had he lived to
February, 1876, he would have been 04
years old. At ten years of age, he was
apprenticed to a farmer, with whom he
remained until attaining his majority,
when he quitted Farmington and re
moved to liatick, Massachusetts. There
he learned and wrought the trade of
a shoemaker, pursuing his studies
a few months at the academics
of Stafford, Wolfsborough and Con
cord. In 1840 he attracted attention
as an eloquent and forcible speaker in
behalf of General Harrison, and during
tke ensuing five years was an active
politician on the Whig side, twice repre
senting Natlck in the Massachusetts
House of Representatives and twice the
County of Middlesex in the Senate. In
1845 he was a delegate, in conjunction
with the poet Whittier, to carry to
Washington ihe anti-slavery petition
from Massachusetts against the admis
sion of Texas. In 1S4S he was
delegate to the Whig National Conven
tion and withdrew from it upon the
rejection of the anti slavery -resolutions.
Twice afterwards he was elected to the
State Senate and in 1852 was the Free
soil candidate for Governor of Massachu
setts, being defeated by only 93 votes.
In 1855 he was sent to the United States
Senate to succeed Edward Everett. Here
Henry Wilson found kia true sphere. In
the great Council of tk nation his voice
and vote were always foaad on the side
of freedom. His speeches discussed al
most every National project decided
while he was in the Senate. He favored
the freedom of Kansas, the Treasury
Note bill, the building; ef the Pacific
Railroad. He was tk author of
many important mcaawrcf, aasong
them the bill abolishing slavery is the
District of Columbia, the bill to antnor
izc the employment of 500Vl$i volaateers
for the war, and the xaeasan for abolish
ing the "Black CodcHe was Chair
man of the Senate CommuMwoa Military
Affairs, and while holdias; that position
was noted for the amoaJsVoff labor that
he performed, and the" c cess that his
measures attained. Ib1S7S he was
elected Vice President of tk Uaited
States, which position be oleaiaied at the
time of his death, Nov. It; 1875.
r
W. R. Davis, auyor Carrolltoa,
HL, a prominent and vNMMaty dtisasi of
that tows, literally blew Us head ot
with a shot cu, Nap! ir 17th, dariag
tke funeral cei i igjf f Baal Wright,
who shot kiajaJaT aarM Uya before,
sad whose nJmm vera taken to Car
rolltoa, his foraasr kesae.
A Pelrile Forest ia the Defcrt.
From Divid Hideout, who has been
engaged in preparing a section of a
petrified tree for the Centennial exhibi
tion, we learn the following relative to
the petrified forest in the desert of
Northwestern Humboldt. Oa the plain,
about thirty miles west of the Black
rock range of mountain?, stands one of
the greatest natural curiosities ever dis
covered in Nevada. It is a petrified
forest, in which the stumps of many of
the trees, now -changed into solid rock,
arc still standing. There are no living
trees or vegetation of any kind other
than stunted sage brush in the vicinity.
Some of these ancient giants of a forest,
which flourished perhaps thoaaaads of
years ago, when the climate of Nevada
was undoubtedly more favorable for the
growth of luxuriant vegetation than at
present, rival in sizo the big trees of
California. Stump?, transformed into
solid rock, stand in an upright position,
with their roots imbedded in the soil, as
when growing, that measure tiom fifteen
to twenty-six feet in circumference, and
the ground in the vicinity is strewn with
the trunks and limbs which retain their
natural shape and size. Mr. Hideout,
determined to secure a section ot one of
these trees for the Centennial Exhibition,
with two other men, spent twelve days
in cutting it from the stump. This was
accomplished by drilling all around the
tree and separating it with wedges. The
specimen it three lect high, and eighteen
feet in circumference, and its e&timatcd
weight is three tons. It stands on the
(.tump from which it va3 severed, ready
to lc loaded iu a wagon. Mr. Hideout
docs not feel able to incur the expense
of bringing it by team to the railroad,
though he had once made arrangements
to do so, but the other party to the agree
ment failed io perform his part. Ho is
anxious to call the attention of the Cen
tennial Commissioners to the matter,
and see if they will not furnish the
means to get it to the railroad. The
country in which it is situated is an in
viting field for geologists Winnemueca
Star.
The Duration of Lire.
In ancient Rome, during tho period
lwec b 200 and 300 A. D., the average
i vtion oi life among the upper classes
vu thirtv vearp. In the nresent cen-
Itury, among the same classes of peoplo,
...... v.a
it amounts to nlty years, in tne six
teenth century the mean duration of life
in Geneva was 21.21 ycarp, between 1833
and 1841 it was 40.08 years, and at the
present time as many people live to
seventy years of age as three hundred
years ago lived to the age of forty-three.
In the year 1693 the British Government
borrowed money, the amount borrowed
to be paid in annuities, on the basis of
the mean duration of life at that time.
The State Treasury mado thereby a good
bargain, and all parties to the bargain
were satisfied. Ninety-seven years later
Pitt established another tontine or an
nuity company, based on the presump
tion that the mortality would remain the
same as a hundred years before. But
in this it transpired that the Government
had made a bad bargain, since, while in
the first tontine 10,000 persons of each
sex died under the age of cwenty-eight,
a hundred years later only 5,772 males
and 6,416 females died under this age.
From this fact it appears that life, under
certain favorable influences, has gained
in many, and. probably, in all its forms
and manifestations, both in vigor and
duration.
Mcmoraada.
The ordinary routine in bending metal
pipes, like gas fixtutes, brass band in
struments, etc, is to fill the pipe with
melted lead, and bend to the required
curve by force. The wrinkles that form
ia the. inner aide of the curve are then
hammered out by hand, la the place of
lead a square wire spiral spring is now
employed. This, inserted In the pipe,
acts as a flexible mandrel, and by its aid
good curves may be obtained, and much
of the usual stretching and crowding up
of the metal avoided, while the after
hammering is not needed. For square
pipes two flat strips of metal are em
ployed to reinforce the spring and pre
serve the shape of the pipe. Patents on
this method of bending pipes arc pend
ing, and it seems destined to be of great
value to the copper, brass and iron pipe
traders.
The T rail exhibits a disposition to
change its form. It is now being rolled
with a wider flange or base and a thicker
head, without increasing the standard
weight of sixty-seven pounds to a yard.
The material of the upright part h re
duced to make up for the increased sine
ot the base and head. Tbeheadissaade
asore nearly square at the aides, and the
edges of the base sre thinner. The ob
ject of this is to increase tha resistance
to wearing by the flanges of the wheels,
and to prevent ihe rail from eattingiato
tke sleeaers. Ia place of theaoCehee
cat in tke rail to boH the spikes that
kave been found so destructive to the
life of tke rail, holes are new drilled
through tke hese, and through, these the
I VM OT . WH4 W
ml im !! ail In tka mail h .
I ntr Ur Useaaljr.
Jl
T11H WOBLD OF SCIKNCL.
Exploration of New Guinea.
The expedition under Mr. Mickuy, of
Sydney, which left Australia four months
go to explore New Guinea, has become
disorganized and is returning. One of
the results of the enterprise is the dis
covery of a large navigable river in Naw
Guinea.
Soath American Silk.
The production of silk io South
America is rapidly increasing. At an
exhibition recently held in Buenos Ayres,
samples of raw and manufactured silk
were displayed, that compared favorable
with the best silks of Asia. The climate
of Braizil is well adopted to the culti
vation of the silk-worm, which feeds on
Polma ehritli, or castor oil plant, that
grows in abundance in the country. The
Government of Brazil is contemplating
offering subsidies for the cultivation of
silk-worms within its domain.
Electrical Exhibition.
The International Exhibition ot Elec
tricity, to be held in Paris in 1877, will
be divided into eighteen sections. In
that exhibiting the Fistoiy of Electricity
there will be collected, ns far as possible,
the instruments which weic used by
Davy, Faraday, Voltu, Arago, Ohm,
Oersted t, Ampere, and others, in making
their discoveries. The eighteenth group
will be Bibliographical; and a library
as complete as practicable will be
formed of books, papers, and periodicals
relating to electricity. A petition will
be sent to the administration of the
National Library, asking them to olfer
their Systematic Catalogue of Electricity
for the use of the Exposition.
The rUmble-Boc.
We noted, a few weeks ago, that an
Acclimatization Society of New Zja
land had applied to authorities in Eng
land for a transportation of humble bees
to their island. In answer to that re
quest, two nests of the required insects
were lately dispatched to New Zealand
by Mr. Frank Buckland. They were
packed in separate boxes, and every pro
vision made for their welfare during the
voyage, which, it is expected, will ter
minate in January. Humble bees arc
ad natives of New Zealand, and their
preseace is desired there for ths purpose
of fertilizing the red clover. The pro
boscis of the honey bee does not reach
down to the pollen of the clover, and,
therefore, it is no help in transporting
the grains from flower to flower. It is
expected that, by performing this esscn
tial service, the humble bee will secure
the production of clover seed, and there
by enable the agriculturist to extend the
cultivation of this useful crop.
A. New Meter
A Chicago man has perfected a new
motor which appears to be in a general
way similar toKeely's invention, though
differing in application and effect. The
Chicago motor, like the other, derives
its power from water and air, and is
conceived on the seemingly contradic
tory principle of multiplying force with
out the aid of force to begin with.
From the practical tests made "by Mr
Thomas, tke inventor; it has been shown
that an extraordinary apparent pressure
can be prodoced by bis apparatus
though it has aot yet been demcnetrated
that motive power can be obtained ia
acoeertioa to the amount of this pres
ent. Seeing is believing, and nothing
else Is nowadays, and antil Mr. Thomas
succeeds ia applying his motor to strain
afcaa or ia some other public and
practicable way, ao oae will be likely
J SeigThbor's Babj.
Acrot in ar neighbor' window.
With !W draptogf of Jn and Urc
I c. 'ncth Ut Sjwicc rin;I-t,
A baby'i innocent fcr.
Ill feet in crimon Jlpp?,
Are topping tbc polUtu-d Kla;
And tbc crowd in tbc trcctf lock c;aril,
Acd nod and alle a the pit .!
Jut here 1c ay r otugc window.
Catching fllet in the inn,
With a pjlcbtd sxd faded apron,
htancU a; own little one.
Ilia face ia aa pore and handsome
An tbc baby'a or the way.
Ana be keeps my heart from t)rnUn:.
At my tolling erefj- day.
Sometime when the dy is ceded.
And I alt in the dssk to ret.
With the ice of mr alccpinx d arils;
Ilajcsed close to my lonely brca?t,
I ptar tfet By llbef,a bibjr ' '
Kay cot catch heaven's ros at!,
Eat that aome may crown the furebcad
Of my loved one aa they fall.
And when I draw the Blocking-
From bli little weary feet.
And klaa the roy dimples
In hla limbs ao round and nv.'tt.
I think or the dainty Krmcnti
Some little children wear.
And that my God withhold them
From mine to pare and fair.
May God forgive my envy
l know not what I taid;
My heart la crushed acd tronb!rd.
My neighbor's boy is dead!
1 saw the little coffin
As they carried it out to day
A mother's heart is breaking
In the mansion over the way.
The Hxht Is fair in my window.
The flowers bloom at my door; "
My boy Is chasing the sunbeams
That dance on the col age flour .
The roses ot health arc bloqmin;;
On my dailinc'a check to dnv.
lint the baby i one from the wiiiduw
Of the mansion over the way.
( to invest largely in sock In the new in-
, veaiit'ii.
Scotoma;- ef Weed.
Some useful tacts bearing ujxn tbc
seasoning ol wood for commercial pur
poses are presented in a late French
work on ''Indigenous and Foreign
Woods." The pioportton of water con
tained in wood varies with the time of
the year. Schubler and Neulfler found
in the fir 5S per cent ot water in Janua
ry, and 61 per cent in April. In the
mh, they found 29 per cent of water in
January, and "0 jwr cent In April.
These facts show that trees contain more
water at the time of the ascent of the
sap than in winter. It has also been
found that small branches contain more
free water than large ones, and these
last contain more than the trunk.
The presence of the bark Tetardi the
process of drying. An experiment was
tried with some trees that were felled in
Juce, and placed in the shade. Those
from which the bark had been removed
had lost il.oi pei cent, of water in July.
38.77 iu August, 39 34 in September, and
32.62 in October; while those on which
the bark remained had lost in that pe
riod only 0.41, 0 84, 0.92, and 0.93.
Utilization of Wale Products.
A little pamphlet on the utilization ol
waste product has recently been printed
among the publications of the Science
and Art Department, South Kensington.
It would appear from its statements that
no Mil3tuucc is too unimportant to res
euro from destruction, if it can be made
to serve any purpose of man. For in
stance, corn cobs are recommended as
fire lighters; as also the cones of tho
Scotch fir, which are solo in France
under the n.tnie Allwneutt dtt iAindti.
The seeds of vegetable marrow, melon,
and allied fruitd, already largely take
the placo of sugared almond among
confectioner. In Chins, the seeds of
the watermelon are used for food; and
junks, laden solely with them, ply from
place to place. The seeds contain a
quantity of bland, sweet oil. A saving
in the manufacture of olive oil his been
lately practiced. The pulpy portion of
the fruit was formerly thrown away after
being pressed; but this is now subjected
to chemical action and powciful steam
pressure, and a yield of about 20 per
cent more oil is the result. This oil is
inferior to that obtained from the first
extraction, and yet has its value. Tho
seeds of the olive, which arc crushed in
the process of extraction, are finally used
as fuel or as manure.
Keeping Poultry In Orchards.
Some farmers make it a practice to
keep their poultry in their orchards from
early spring until cold weather sets ic,
and they find that it pays. A picket
fence should be built around the orchard
high enough to prevent their flying
over, with suitable buildings in one
corner of the yard to shelter them at
night.
Thus tituatcd, the poultry will thrive
and prosper, keeping themselves in good
condition, and the increase of eggs will
be greatly augmented and their useful
ness enhanced to their owners, at leist,
on account of the myriads of insects
and worms they destroy, and which will
more than repay the cost and labor of
building the fence. By keeping them
enclosed in this manner, a large number
of fowls may be retained in the orchard,
and the continual scratching which is
done by them will prove advantageous
both to the soil and tree themselves.
Colonial Farmer.
Prepare for CeM Weather.
Stock that is housed (and ail stock
should be at night), can be made com
fortable by the exercise of a little care
and forethought. The grain and other
food fed to stock should be made to do
the most possible good, by protecting
the stock from cold and storm, for it is
the fat accumulated from this feed
which enables the beast to meet and
ward off inclement weather. No man
can afford to allow this feed to meet the
wants which cheap shelter csu meet,
simply because the shelter is tbe cheaper
mode of economizing r.nimal heat, while
it is also the more natural sn3 humane.
Every farmer must take his choice be
tween the two modes. There is no escape
from this, as the beat must be furnished
by one mode or the other.
It is of the utmost importance that
stock go through and come out of win
ter in good flesh, for If it be farm horses
that arc to do a spring's work, or are to
be offered for sale in the market, the
necessity for good condition is apparent,
It it be a cow to come in and do service
at the pail, or in raisins her calf, it is
equally aa eaer&tiaL It is none the less
so if it be young stock, because if there
is none, or hut little growth, there ia no
advance in values, or but little at best.
There are no tacts arrived at upon the
farm, by the simplest mode of reasoning,
that are any more manifest than these.
Fester Farm JawntaL
Tbe recent survey made by Mr. Fox
the geologist, has developed the fact that
immense beds of ceal underlie Moeltoa
as well as the country suTroundinc H.
Miuin is already taUced of.
j Anattal Krport of General Mtereu...
The following is a synopti of the an
nual report of the General commanding
the army. After stating the geograph
ic! limit j of the r.viom comaand, he
ay:
The aggregate strength of the line of
the army, according to last reports is
1,340 officers and 24,031 enlisted men,
mide up as follows: Five regiments of
artllcry, 70 cfiicvr and 2,M mcu. Ten
regiments of cavalry, 422 ollicers and
7,20G 'ucn. Twenty. five regiment. tf
infantry, MS ollicers and 11,000 men.
Available recruits, hospital stewards,
ordinance sergeants, etc, etc, .3,321,
During the prut winter the troops ia the
Departments of Miaiouri and Tcxsi
were employed in an arduous and revere
winter campaign against the
Kidown, Cheyenne and Com
anche Iudtaus on the border
of the Staked Plain, that have for years
been engaged iu committing depreda
tions on the Texas and Kansas frontiers,
resulting m their dissrmament and tub"
jectiou to authority. If the military
commanders can have tho control over
supplies needed by thesyjmllans, a
they now have over theirr-persons, I am
convinced by my rcceaf visit that a con
dition of pcicc carf be maintained.
The Sioux have recently made Incur
sions into northern Nebraska, mostly to
steal hams and cattle from the fanners
along tho Pacific Railroad, and north of
it
General Crookc is of opinion that the
w holo army, acting defensively, cannot
prevent them incursions, aud suggests
that troops bs stationed in the midst of
the Indian?, so as to watch them ami
prevent them from leaving on pretense
of huutiug. This In impracticable un
lets the army can have supervision of
the nociary supplies of theso tnUs
within the reservation, which i not cow
the case.
The report of several commissioners
which have, under military escort, re
cently been engaged in exploring tho
country, and in negotiating with thefc
Indian?, will throw muoh light on this
subject. Generally speaking, damage to
life and property by tho Indians is be
lieved to ba lets during tho past year
than say former year, and the pronjKict
is that as the country settles up it will
be lcis and cf each year until all the
Indians are established on small reser
vations. But until they acquire habits
of industry and farming, or in stock
raising they will need food from tbc
Government, because tho game on which
they hitherto subsisted has diminished
very rapidly.
Honesty.
We have somehow lenrned tn make a
difference between those obligations
which we owe to one another as mcu,
and those which wc owe to the Govern
ment and to corporations. These ideas
aro not a whit more prevalent among
office holders and directors than they
are among voters and stock holders.
Men arc not materially changed by be
ing clothed with office and power. The
radically honest man is just as honest
in office as he is out of it. Corrupt
men arc the offspring of a corrupt society-
Wc all need straightening up.
The lines of our morality all need to be
dra rn tighter. There is not a man who
is willing to smuggle, and to sec cus
toms officer betray their trust while he
does it; billing to receive the results of
ihe sharp practice of directors of cor
porations in which ho has an interest;
willing tn receive the patronage of the
Government in the execution of schemes
aot based in absolute necessity; willing
to take an exorbitant price for a piece
of property sold to the Government or
to a corporation, who is fit to be trusted
with office. When we have said this, we
have gives the explanation of all our
public and corporate corruption, sad
shown why it is so difficult to get aaj
great trust managed honestly. All this
official corruptiou is based oa popular
corruption loose ideas of honesty aa
they ae held by tbe popular mind; and
we can hope for ao reform until we are
better based as a people ia the ever last
iugpriaciplea of equity and right doisg.
If we would have tbe stream clear, we
must cleanse tb fountain. Zr. . G.
Holland; Serihur for Tic.
The bicsaial report of State Treasurer
Christy, now nearly completed, shows
the total receipts for the fiscal term of
two years ending November 1st, were
$2,175,870 47; tbe expesdi tares for t&e
seme time were $2,117,344 70. This
latter item shows a decrease ia the State
expenses of $32 ,304 39, as ccmeerad
with the preceding two years. There is
now in the treasury an unexpended
balance of cash of $56,525 77. The
acheol fend of tbe State is now t2M 2.-
894 70, a sum larger by $233,371 15
than that of the great State ot Near
York. We have a State faaded debt cf
$300,00 the War and Defense bond
isssed ia 1641. These bonds are net
dae aatil 1881, out the State has several
tisses e45rred to pay them. Tee solders
haw refused to accept the aneeey, i
ferriag the asaaal sera per coat
est wnkn is promptly paid.
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