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CTO. L. SSYDOLT
THE NEBRASKA HERALD
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TERMS : Weekly. S2.00 per annuia if paid in
advance.
t2JW if not paM in advance.
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE."
Till i-J Annunl Mckwase of PreMdent
Ur.inl.
Washington, Di'coiuIkt 4, IS71.
Tf t'r tini'tlc aifl Hois?, of licprescn ta
tters. I;i a'lJreIr.5 p.-.y thir l r.r.niT.l message
to the hnv-isiiikiric br.i:!'.! of the ovcrn
u.oiit, it i.s gratiJyiny to uo auie to fct.ite
thut dining llu pit't ytar success has
eeuoially attended the aSovt to execute
all t!;e hi"s found upon the ttatutc
Looks. The i.o!ii;y has ht-t-n, not to iu
quire into the wisdom of laws already en-a.-tcd,
Lvit to Jcarn tneir special interest
and to enforce theui accordingly. The
pat year has, under a wi.-e Provi
dence, been one of general prosperity to
the nation. It has, however, been at
tended with more than uual chastise
ments, in I'.s of life and property, by
ttorii) and lire. These disasters have
wived to call forth the best elements of
human nature in our country, an 1 to de
velop a friendship for us on the part of
foreign nations, which goes far toward
alleviating tlse distress occasioned by the
calamities. Th; benevolent who have so
generously shared their means with the
victims oftlie.se misfortune?, will reap
their reward in the consciousness of
having performed a noble act, and in re
ceiving the grateful thanks of men,
women and children whose sufferhig they
have relieved.
FOREIGN RELATIONS.
The relations of the United States
with Foreign Powers continue to be
friendly. The year has been an event
fid one in witnessing two fcrcat nations
'."peaking one language and holding one
lineage, Fettling by peaceful arbitration
"disputes of long standing and liable at
any time to bring those nations into hos
tile conflict. An example has thus been
set which, if succf s.-i'ul in its tinal issue,
"may oe followed oy otner civilized na
- tiona. and be the linnl means of return
ing to productive industry millions of
ii en maintained to settle the disputes ot
natiens by the bayonet and broad sword.
TREATY WITH ENGLAND.
I transmit herewith a copy of the
treaty alluded to, which has been con
cluded sinco the adjournment of Con
gress, with Her Drilanic Maju.sty, and a
copy of conferences of the commission
crs by whom it was negotiated. This
treaty provides methods for adjusting
the questions pending between the two
nations. The questions are to be ad
j u.-ted by arbitration, and I reeo-nmend
Congress, at an early da', to make the
n.cessary provi.-iou for the tribunal at
Geneva, and for the several commission
ers on the part of the United States
culled for by the treaty. His 3Ia.jo.-tj',
the King of Italy, the President of the
- wiss Confederation, and His Majesty,
the Kmperor of Jiiazil, have each con
sented to appoint arbiters on the tribu
rijl, and I have cau-ed my thanks to be
suitably expressed for the readiness with
which the joint request has been com
plied with by the appointment of gen
tlemen of eminence and learning to
. theie important positions.
V.'ATEIt BOUNDARY".
His M;!jsty the Emppror of Germany
has been pieared to comply with the
joint wish of the two governments, and
has consented to act as aibitratotof the
lisputed water boundary betwee.i the
I 'ui toil States and Great I:::.i::i. T!m
contracting parties in treaty have under
t iKen to record as oetwe
jn
fur
iicmi.TCives
:rtao4 p:i:uiplej
VrhiCil tne
United States have conton kd from the
co:n:iieric-'inar:t of their lii.-tory. They
have also asjtvtd to Lrin: these prin-ji-pies
to.the knowledge ei the other maia
time powers, and to invite them to ac
cede to them. Negotiations are going
on a to the ibrni of the note by which
tv; invitation is to Le extended to the
Powers.
FISHERY INTEREST.;. '"
I recommend the legislation necessary
on the part of the United .-ta:ot to
bring into operation the articles of I he
treaty relating to the lishcties, and to
the other matters touching the relations
of the Unite 1 States toward the British
North American possessions, to become
operative as soon as the proper legisla
tion shall be h id on the part of Great
Dritaii and its nossessions. It is much
viobe desired that this legislation may
J become operative before the tishormc-n of
the United States begin to make their
arrangements for the coming season.
NAVIGATION OF INLAND WATERS.
I have addressed a communication, of
which a copy' is transmitted herewith, to
the Governors of New. York, Pennsylva
nia, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, I.Iiuois
- and Wisconsin, urging upon the Govern
ors of these States respectively, the nec
essary action on their part to carry into
effect the object of the article of the
treaty which contemplates the use ol the
canals on either side connected with the
navigation of the lakes, and forming the
boundary, in terms of equity by the in
habitants of both countries. It i.s hoped
that tha importance of the object aad
the benefits J to How therefrom will se-
- cure the speedy approval and legislative
sanction of the States concerned.
4
SUBVE Y OF THE FOBTY SIXTH FAkALLEL.
I renew, the recommendation for an
. appropriation for determining the true
position of the forty-ninth parallel of
lattitude where it forms the boundary
between the United States and the Brit
ish North American Possessions, be
tween the Lake of the Woods and the
summit of the Ilocky Mountains. . The
early action of Congress on the recom
mendation named would put it in the
?VoweF of the war department to place a
force in the field curing the next suui
sner. WITH DBA VAL OF PB0TKCT03ATK IX PARIS.
The resumption of diplomatic rela
tions betweeu France and Germany has
.enabled me to give directions for the
withdrawal of the protection extended
to Germans in France by the diplomatic
and consular representatives of the
United States in that country. It is
just to add that the duty cf this protec
tion has been performed by the minister
and consul at Paris and the
various consuls in France under the su
pervision of the latter, with great kind
ness as well as with prudence and taste.
Their course has received the commenda
tion of the German government and has
4 -wounded no susceptibi'ify of the French.f
RELATIONS WIT3 (ilvBllliiT.
The government of the Kmperor o
(JermaDy consumes to manifest a friendly
feeling towards the United States, and a
desire to harniojiize with the moderate
and just policy which this government
maintains in its relations with all powers,
as well as with the South American re
publics. I have given assurance that
the friendly feelings of that government
are shared by the United States.
CHANGB OP BEIATIOXS WITH AVSTRIAX-KU-CAr.y.
r The ratification of the consular anl
naturalization connections with Austrian
JIurMjiry have been changed. I have
VOI,. 7
beon Cmciy'ly iiiformed of the annesa
'ion of the States cf the Church to the
Kingdom of Italy, and removal of the
capital of that Kingdom to Home. In
conformity with the esrab!i.-hr d poiicj of
the United States, 1 nave rcvoirLizcl
this change.
TREATY WITH ITALY.
The ratifications of the new treaty of
commerce between Italy and the United
States have been exchanged. The two
powers have agreed in their treaty that
property at sea shall be exempt from
seizure in case of war between the two
powers. The United States have spared
no opportunity of incorporating this rule
into the obligations of nations.
PKIVATK ISI.ilXITY CLAIMS AGAINST SPAIX.
The foity first Congress at its third
session, made an appropriation for the
organization of a mixed commission of
adjudication upon the claims cf citizens
of the United States against Spain grow
ing out of the insurrection of Cuba.
That commission has since been organ
ized and I transmit herewith the corres
pondence relating to its formation and
its jurisdiction. It is to be hoped that
this commission w.ll afford the claimants
a complete icdrcos for their injuries.
DUE KEOOT1ATIOS3 EE : WilX SPAl. AND SOUTH
AVKCICA.
It has been made the agreeable duty
of the United States to preside over a
conference at Washington between the
plenipotentiary of Spain and the allied
South American Republics, which has
resulted in an armistice, with the rea
sonable assurance of a permanent peace.
EUSSIA AND THK GRAND PCKE.
The intimate friendly relations which
have so long existed between the Uuited
States and llussia, continue undisturbed.
The visit of the eon of the Emperor is a
proof tnat there is no desire on the part
of his government to diminish the cor
diality of these relations. The hospita
ble reception which has been given to
the Grand luke is a proof that on our
si;le we share the wishes of that gov
ernment. The inexcusable course of the
Hussian 3Iinistcr at Washington render
ed it necessary to ask his recall and to de
cline longer to receive that functionary
as a diplomatic representative. It was
impossible, with self respect, or with a
just regard to the dignity of the country
to permit Mr. Cataeazy to continue to
bold interviews with this government af
ter his abuse of the government cfik'ials,
and during his persistent, intermeddling,
through various means, with the rela
tions between the United States and
other powers, and in accordance with my
wishes our government has been relieved
of further intercourse with Mr. Cataea
zy, and the management of the affairs of
this imperial nation has passed into the
bauds of a gentleman entirely unobject
ionable. JAPAN.
With Japan we continue to maintain
intimate relations. The cabinet of the
Mikado, has, since the close of the last
session of Congress, selected citizens of
the United States to serve in ofilces of
importance in several departments of
the government. I have reason to
think that this select iou is due to an ap
preciation of the disinterestedness of the
policy which the United States have
pursued toward Japan. It is our desire
to ccntinue and maintain this disinterest
ed and just policy with China as well as
with Japan.
C03ZAS DIFFICULTY.
The correspun Juice transmitted here
with sh.nv.i that there is no disposition
on the part of this government to swerve
from its established course. Prompted
by a desire to put an end to the barba
rous treatment of our shipwrecked sail
ors at the Corcan coast, I instructed our
minister at Pekin to endeavor to con
clude a convention with Corea for secur
ing the safety aud humane treatment of
such mariners. Admiral Roger was in
structed to accompany him with suffi
cient force to protect him in case of
need. A small surveying party sent out,
on reaching the coast, was treacherously
attacked at disadvantage. Ample op
portunity was given for explanation and
apology for insult. Neither came. A
force was then landed, after an arduous
march over a rugged and difficult coun
try. The forts from which the outrages
had been committed were gallantly as
saulted, and were destroyed. Having
thus punished the criminals, and having
vindicated the honor of the flag, the ex
pedition returned. Finding it impracti
cable under the circumstances to con
clude the desired convention, I respect
fully refer to the correspondence relating
thereto, herewith submitted and leave
the subject for suea action as Congress
may sec fit to take.
MEXICO.
The republic of Mexico has not yet
repealed the very objectionable laws es
tablishing what is kuewn as the free
zone, on the frontier of the Uuited
States. It is hoped that this act may
be done and also that more stringent
measures niay be taken by that republic
for restraining lawless persons on its
own action, will soon relieve this govern
ment of the diiBcultica experienced from
these causes.
SOUTH AUEUICA.
Our relations with the various repub
lics cf continental and South America
continue, with one exception, to be cor
dial and friendly. I recommend some
action by Congress regarding the overdue
instalments under the award of the Ven
ezuela claims commission of 1SG6. The
internal dissensions of this government
present no justification for the absence of
effort to meet their solemn obligations.
The ratification of an extradition treaty
with Nicarauga has been exchanged.
AB.LIT.OX OF SLAYEEX TS BRAZIL.
It is a subiect for congratulation that
the great Umpire of Brazil has taken
the initiatory steps toward the abolition
of -slavery. Oar relations with that
Umpire, always cordial, will naturally be
made more so by this act. It is not too
much to hope that the Government of
Brazil may hereafter find it for its inte
rest, as well as intrinsically right, to ad
vance toward the entire emancipation
more rapidly than the present aetiou im
plies. SPAIN TJO BACKWARD in EEFjKM.
The true prosperity and greatness of a
nation is to be found in the elevation
and education of its laborers. It is a
subject of regret that the reforms in this
direction which were voluntarily prom
ised by the Statesmen of Spaio, have
not been carried out in its West Indian
colonies. The laws and regulations for
the apparent abolition of slavery in
Cuba arH Porto llico, leave most of the
laborers in bondage, with no hope of re
lease itntil their lives become a burden
to their emoloyers.
AMERICAN CITIZENS HOLDING SLAVES IN
FOREIGN LANDS.
I desire to direct your attention to the
fact that citizens of the United States
arc large holders, in foreign- land?, of
this species of property forbidden by the
fundamental law of their alleged coun
try. Certainly it i? in the poorer of Con
gress to provide by stringent legislation
a suitable remedy against the holding,
owning or dealing in slaves, or being in
terested in slave property in foreign
laris, cither as owners, heirs or mort
gagors, by persons of the United States.
Cl'BAN AFK.IR3.
It is to be regretted that the disturbed
condition of the island of Cuba contin
ues to be a source of annoyance and of
anxietj'. The existence of a protracted
struggle in such close proximity to our
own territory, without apparent pros
pect of an early termination, cannot be
other than an object of concern to a peo
ple who, while abstaining from interfer
ence in the affairs of other powers, natu
rally desire to see every country in the
undisturbed enjoyment of peace, liberty,
and the blessings of free institutions.
Our naval commanders in Cuban waters
have been instructed, in case it should
become necessary, to spare no effort to
protect the lives and property of bona
fide American citizens, and to maintain
the dignity of. the flag. --It -is to be
hoped that all pending questions with
Spain, growing out of the affairs in
Cuba, may be adjusted in the spirit of
peace and conciliation which has hither
to guided the two powers in their treat
ment of such questions.
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS WITII JAPAN
AND CHINA.
To give importance, and to add to the
efficiency of our diplomatic relations
with Japan and China, and to further in
retaining the good opinion of those peo
ples and to secure to the United States
its share of the commerce destined to
flow between those nations and the bal
ance of the commercial world. I earu
estlyecommend that an appropriation
be made to support at least four Ameri
can young men in each of those coun
tries to serve as a part of the official fa
mily of our Ministers there. Our rep
resentative3 would not, even then, be
placed ou an equality with. Great Britain
aud some other powers. As now situ
ated, our representatives in Japan and
China have to depend for interpreters
and translators upon the natives of those
countries, who know our language im
perfectly ; or procure for the occasion
the services of the employees in foreign
business houses; or the interpreters of
other foreign ministers.
SUBSIDY TO OCEAN STEAMERS.
I would also recommend liberal mea
sures for the purpose cf supporting the
American lines of steamers now plying
between San Francisco and Japan aud
Chiua, and the Australian line at most
our only remaining lines of ocean stea
mers and of increasing their service.
REDUCTION OF NATIONAL DEBT.
The national debt has been reduced to
the extent of eighty-six million, fifty
seven thousand one hundred and twenty
six dollars and eighty cents during the
yeas aud by the negotiation of national
bonds, and at a lower rate of interest,
the interest on the public debt has been
so far diminished that now the sum to
be raised for interest account is nearly
seventeen million dollars less than on
thefirst of March, 1SG0. It was highly
desirable that this rapid diminution
should tako place both to strengthen the
credit of the country and to convince its
citizens of their entire ability to meet
every dollar of liability without bank
rupting them.
MODIFICATION OF TARIFF AND " INTER
NAL TAX LAWS.
But in' view of the accomplishment of
thi-.se desirable ends and ot tne rapid do
vclopment of the resources of the country
its increased ability to meet large de
mands and the amount already paid, it
is not desirable that the present resour
ces of the country should continue to be
taxed in order to continue this rapid
payment. I therefore recommend a
modification of each of the tariff an! in
ternal tax laws. I recommend that all
taxes from internal sources bo abolished
except those on spiritou, vinous and
malt liquors, and tobacco in its various
forms for stamps.
REDUCTION OF SURTLUS FUND.
In readjusting the tariff, I suggest
that a careful estimate be made of the
amount of surplus revenue collected un
der the present laws, after providing for
the current expenses of the government,
the interest account and a sinking fund,
and that this surplus be reduced in such
manner as to affoid the ercatest relief to
the greatest number. There are many
articles not produced at home, such as
medicines compounded from which very
little revenue is derived, but Which enter
into general use. All such articles I rc
commond to be placed on the free list.
Should a further rcdueticn prove advisa
ble, I would then recommend that it be
made upon those articles which can be
admitted free without disturbing home
production, or reducing the wages of
American labor. I have not entered
into figures because to do so would be
but to repeat all that is laid before you
in the report of the Secretary of the
Treasury.
REFORM IN COLLECTION OF REVENUES.
The present laws for collecting reven
ues, pay collectors of customs small sala
ries but provide for shares in all seizures;
which at the principal ports of entry,
particularly, raise the compensation of
these officials to a la gesum. It has al
ways seemed to me as if this system did
at times work perniciously. It holds
out an inducement to dishonest men,
should sflch get possession of these
ofii.es, to be lax in their security of
goods entered to enablo them finally to
make large seizures. Your attention is
respectfully invited to this subject.
THE GOLD QUESTION.
The continued fluctuation in the value
of gold, compared with the national cur-
rancy, has a most damaging effect upon
the increase and development of the
country, in keeping up prices of ail arti
cles necessary in everyday life; it encour
ages a spirit of gambling prejudicial a
like to national morals and the national
finances. If the question can be met as
to how to get a fixed value to our cur
rency that value constantly and uni
formly approaching with specie a very
desirable object will be gained.
THE ARMY.
For the operations of the army in the
oast year; the expense of maintaining U:
the estimate for the ensuing year, and
for continuing sea coast and other im
provements conducted under the super
vision of the War Department, I refer
.you to the accompanying report of the
Secretary of War. I call your attention
to the provisions of the act of Congress
approved March 3. 1S69, whicli discon
tinues promotion in the staff corps of
the army until provided by law. I re
commend that the number of of5eers ia
each grade of the staff corps be fixed,
and that whenever the nuaiber in any
one grade falls below the mmber so
fixed, thit the va.iiney mar bo filled by
promotion from the grade below. I nLo
recommend that when the office of chief
of corps becomes vacant, the place may
PLATT SMOUTH NEBRASKA,
be Clku by selection from the corps in
which the vacancy exists.
THE NAVY.
The report of the Secretary of the
Navy shows a?j improvement in the num
ber and Cuieiericy of the naval force,
without material increase in the ex
pense of supporting it. This is due to
the policy which has been adopted, and
is being extended as fast as our material
will admit, of using smaller- vessels as
cruisers on the several stations. By this
means we have been enabled to occupy
a larger extent of cruising; found time
to vi.-it more frequently the parts where
the presence of our flag is desirable, an. I.
generally to discharge more cfluieirily
the appropriate duties of the navy in
time of peace, without exceeding the
number of men or the expenditures au
thorized by law. During the past year
the navy ha in addition to its re?u!-ir
service, supplied the men and officers
for the vessels of the coast survei's.an'IJ
has completed the purveys, authorized
by Congress, of the Isthmus of Darien
and Tehauntepec; and under like autho
rity, has sent out an expidition com
pletely furnished ami equipped, to ex
plore the unknown ocean of the north.
The suggestions of the report as to the
necessity for increasing and improving
the material of the navy, anl the plan
recommended for reducing tho prersonal
of the service to a peace stanSard by the
pradual abolition of certain grades of
officers, the reduction of others and the
employment of some in the service of
commercial marine, as well considered,
and deserves the thoughtful attention of
Congress. I also recommend that all
promotions in the navy above the rank
of captain be by selection instead of sen
iority. This course will secure in the
higher grades greater efficiency and hold
out an incentive to young officers to im
prove themselves in the knowledge of
their profession. The present cost of
maintaining the navy; its cost compared
with that of the preceeding jear; and
the estimates for the ensuing j'car, are
contained in the accompanying report of
tne secretary ot the iNavy.
TOST OFFICE DEPARTMENT.
The enlarged receipts of tho post
office department, a3 shown by the ae-
J General, exhibits a gratifying increase
n that branch of the public service.
It is the index of the growth of educa
tion and of iho pro perity of the people
two elements highly conductive to the
vigor and stability of republic?. With a
vast territory like ours, much of it.spar.-e-ly
populated, but all requiring the ser
vice of the mail, it is not at present to
be expected that this department can
be made self sustaining, but a gradual
approach to this end from year to j'ear,
is confidently relied on; and the day is
not far distant when the post office de
partment ollne government will prove
a much greater blessing to the whole
people than it is now.
POSTAL TELEGRAPH.
The suggestior.3 of the Postmaster
General for improvements in the depart
ment presided over by him, are earnest
ly recommended to yous special attention
especially the documents seggesting the
ravorable consideration of the plan for
uniting the telegraph sj'stem of the
United States with the postal system.
It is believed that by such a course the
cost of telegraphing would be much re
duced, and the service as well, if not bet
ter, rendered. Ic would secure the
further advantage of extending the tele
graph through portions of the country
where private enterprise will not con
struct it. Commerce, trade, and above
all, the efforts to bring a people widely
seperated, iuto a community of interests,
ace always benefitted by a rapid inter
communication. Education, the ground
work of Republican institutions, is in
couraged br the increasing of the facili
ties, togeather with speedy news from
all parts of the country. The desire to
reap the benefits of such improvements
will stimulate education. 1 refer ycu to
the report of the Postmaster General for
full details of the . operations of fast
year, and for comparative statements of
results with former years.
KU KLUX LAW.
There has been imposed upon the ex
ecutive branch of the government, the
execution of the act of Congress, ap
proved April 20th, 1871, and commonly
known a3 the Ku KIux Commission.
It is in operation in the state of South
Carolina. The necessity of the course
pursued will be demonstrated by the re
port of the committee to investigate
Southern outrages. Under the provi
sions of the above act I issued a procla
mation calling the attention of the peo
ple of the United State.:- to the sauic,
and declaring my reluctance to exercise
any of the extraordinary powers thereby
conferred upon me, except in case of im
perative necessity, but making known
my purpose to exercise such powers
whenever it should become necessary to
do so for the purpose r f securing to ail
the citizens of the Un ted States the
peaceful enjoyment of the rights guar
anteed to them by the constitution and
the laws. After the passage of this law,
information wa3 received from time to
time, that combinations of the character
referred to in this law, existed and were
powerful in many parts of the Southern
States, particularly in certain counties of
South Carolina. Careful investigation
was made aud it was ascertained that in
nine counties of that state such combina
tions were active and powerful, embrac
ing a sufficient portion of the citizens to
control the local authority, and having
among other things the object of depriv
ing the emancipated class of the substan
tial benefits of freedom, and of the
privilege of tho free political action of
tueso citizens who did not sympathize
with their own views. Among their op
erations were frequent scourginas and
occasional assa.-inat.ons, generally per
petrated at night by disguised person.
The victims in almost all ca?es being
citizens of the different political senti
ment from their own, or free persons
who had shown a disposition to claim
equal rights with other citizens. Thous
ands of inoffensive ani well dis-posed
citizens wero tho victims by this lawless
violence. Thereupon the 13th of Octo
ber, 171, a proclamation was issued in
the terms of the law, calling upon the
members cf the combinations to disperse
within five days and to deliver to the
marshal or military officers of the United
states, all arms, ammunition, uniforms,
disguises and other means and imple
ments used by them for carrying out
their unlawful purposes.
This warning not having been heeded,
on the lTth of October another procla
mation was issued suspending the writ
of ll.bcas Corpus ia nine counties of
that state. Direction was given that with
in the counties so designated, persons
supposed,- upon creditable information
to be members of such unlawful combi
nations, should be arrested by the mili
tary forces of the United States and de
livered to the marshal to be dealt with
according to law. Ia two of said coun
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 7, !871.
ties many arrests have been made. At
the last accounts the number cf persons
thus arrested wa one hundred aud sixty-eight.
Several hundred, who.- crim
inalities was ascertained to be of an in
ferior d-Tree, were released for the pi e
sent. These have generally made con
fessions of their guilt. Great caution
has been exercised in making these ar
rests,and notwithstanding the large num
ber, it is believed that no innocent per
son is now in custody. The prisoners
will be held for regular trial in Judicial
tribunals of the United Slates. As soon
as it appeared that the authorities of the
United States were about to take meas
ures to enforce the law, many persons
absconded, and there is good ground for
supposing that all of such person have
been violators of the lav. A t'a'l report
of what ha been done under this law
will be submitted to Congress by the at
torney general.
UTAH POLYGAMY TO EE PUNISHED.
In Utah there still remains a remnant
of barbarism repugnant to civilization,
decency and to the laws of the United
States. Territorial officers, however.have
been found who were willing to perform
their duty in the spirit of equity, and
with a sense of sustaining the majesty
of the laws. Neither polygamy nor oth
er violation of existing statutes will be
1ermitted within tho territory of the
Jnited States. It is not with the religion
of the self styled saints tha'we are now
dealing, but with their practist-s. They
will be protected in their worship of God
according to the dictates of their consci
ences, but they will uot be permitted to
violate the laws under the cloak of reli
gion. It may be advisable for Congress
to consider whnt under the execution of
laws against polygamy is to be the status
of plural wives and their offspring. The
propriety of Congress passing an enab
ling act authorizing the Territorial Leg
islature of Utah to legitimize all born
prior to a time fixed in tho act, might
be justified by its humanity to these in
nocent children. This is a suggestion
only and not a recommendation.
INDIAN POLICY.
The policy pursued towards the Indi
ans has resulted favorably so far as can
be judged from tho limited time it has
been in operation. Through the various
societies of christians to whom has been
entrusted the execution of the policy,
and the board of commissioners author
ized by the law of April I0:h, ISG'J, ma
ny tribes of Indians have been induced
to ret tie upon reservations to cultivate
the so:!, ami r-erfvrui productive labor
ot various kui is, ana to partially accept.
civilization, a uey are Demg carei ior m
a
n
such way, it is hoped, a to induce thos
still pursuing their old habits of life to
embrace the only opportunity which is
left them to avoid extermination. I re
commend liberal appropriations to carry
out the Jndian peace policy, not only be
cause it is humane christian-like or econ
omical, but because it u right.
INDIAN TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT.
I recommend to your favorable con
sideration, also, the policy of cranting a
territorial government to the Indians of
Indian territory west of Arkansas and
Missouri and south of Kansas. In do
ing so, every right guarrantced to the
Indians by treaty should be secured.
Such a course might, in time, be the
means of collecting most of the Indians
now between the Missouri and the Paei
fie, and south of the British possesions
into one territory or sta.te. The secreta
ry of the interior has treated upon tlii3
subject at length, and 1 recommend to
you his suggestions.
THE TUBLIC LANDS .
I renew my recommendation that pub
lic lands be regarded as an heritage to
our children, to be disposed of only as
required for occupation and to actual
settlers. Those already granted have
been in a great part disposed of in such
way as to secure access to the balance by
the hardy settler who may wish to avail
himself of them, but caution should be
exercised even in obtaining so desirable
an object. The educational interest may
well be served by the grant of proceeds
of sale of public lauds to settlers. 1 do
not wish to be understood as recommend
ing in the least degree a curtailment of
what is being done by the general gov
ernment for the encouragement of edu
cation. INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.
The report of the secretary of the in
ferior, submitted with this, will give you
information collected and prepared for
publication in regard to thocensu? taken
during the year IS70, tho operations of
the bureau of education for that year;
the patent office; the pension office; tho
land office aad the Indian bureau.
AGRICULTURAL INTERESTS.
The report of the commissioner of ag
riculture gives the operation of his de
partment for the year. As agriculture
is the groundwork of our prosperity, too
much importance cannot be attached to
the labors of this department. It is in
the hands of an able head and able as
sistant, all zealous and devoted to intro
ducing into the agricultural productions
of the nation all the useful products,
adapted to any of the various climates
aud soils of our vast territory, and to
giving all useful information as to the
method of cultivation of plants, cereals,
and of other products adapted to partic
ular localities. Quieth, but surely, the
agricultural bureau is working a great
national good, and if liberally supported
the more widely its influence will be ex
tended and the less dependent wa shall
be upon the products of foreign couu
tries. OFl'ICIA- SALARIES. .
The subject of compensation to heads
of bureaus and to officers holding pou
tions of responsibility, rcouirine ability
and character to fill properly, is one to
wincn your attention is mvited. But I
few of the officials receive a compensa
tion equal to the respectable support of a
family, while their duties are such as to
involve millions of interest." In private
life services demand compensation equal
to the services rendered. A wise econ
omy would dictate the same rule in the
government service. I have not given
the estimates for the support of the gov
ernment for the ensuingyear, or compar
ative statements between the expendi
tures of the year just passed or the one
preceedinsr, because all these figures are
contained in tho accompanying reports,
or in those presented directly to con
gress. These estimates have my ap
proval. GENERAL AMNESTY RECOMMENDED.
More than six years having elapsed
since the last hostile gun was" fired be
tween the armies then arrayed against
each other one for the perpetuation,
the other for the destutuction of the
Union it may well be considered wheth
er it is not now time that the disabilities
imposed by the Fourteenth Amendment
should be removed. That Amendment
doe3 not exclude the ballot, but only re
quires the disability to hold office of cer
tain classes. When the purity of the
bil'ot box is seeure, majorities are sure
to elect oi'iCer" reflecting the views of the
majority, and 1 do n it seethe advantage
or propriety of exckidir-g mm f ern office
merely because they wero, beil.re the re
be!'I tj, of ; tauding and character suffi
cient tt be elected to positions requiring
them to take an oath to support the con
stitution, and admitting the eligi. iiity of
those entertaining precisely the same
views, but of less. standing in their com
m-inities. It may bj said the Turner
violated an oath, while the latter did not.
The latter dil not have it in their power
to do so. If they had taken this oath it
cannot be doubted they would have
broken it as did tbe former class. If
there are any great criminals distinguish
ed above all others for the part they
took in opposition to the government,
they might, in the judgment of Congress,
be excluded from such amnesty. This
subject is submitted for your cartful
consideration.
PROSPECTS AND CONDITION OF SOUTH
ERN STATES.
The condition of the southerp states is
unhappily not such as all true patriotic
citizens would like to see. Socjal ostra
cism for opinions sake, personal violence
or threats towards persons entertaining
political views opposed to those enter
tained by the majority of the citizens,
prevent immigration, and the flow of
much needed capital into the states
lately in rebellion. It will be a happv
condition of the country when the old
citizens of these states will take an in
terest in public affairs, promulgate ideas
honestly entertained, vote for men rep
resenting their views, permit the sole
freedom of expression aud ballot, in
those entertaining different political
connections.
TERRITORY OF COLUMBIA.
Under the provisions of the act cf
Congress approved rebruary "Hst, 1871,
a territorial government was organized
in the District of Columbia. Its results
hare thus far fully realized the expecta
tions of its advocates. Uuder the direc
tion of the territorial officers, a. system
of improvements has been inaugurated,
by means of which Washington is, rap
idly becoming a city worthy of the na
tion's capital. The citizens of the dis
trict having voluntarily taxed themselves
to a large amount for the purpose of
contributing to the advancement of the
seat of government, I recommend lib
eral a impropriations on the part of Con
gress in or.lrtr that the government may
bear its just thare of the expense of
carrying out various systems of improve
ments. GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS IN CHICAGO.
By the great fire of Chicago the most
infpottant of the government buildings
ia that city were consumed. Those
burned had already become inadequate
to the wants of the government in that
growing city and looking to the near
future were to'tally inadequate. I re
commend, therefore, that an appropria
tion be made immediately to purchase
the remainder of the square on which
the burned buildings stood, provided it
can.be purchased at a fair valuation, and
provided the legislature of Illinois will
pass a law authorizing its condemnation
for government purpose; and also an
appropriation of as much money as can
be properly expended towards the erec
tion of new buildings during the fiscal
year.
CONGRESS ASKED TO PROTECT IMMI
GRANTS. The number of immigrants, ignorant
of our laws and habits, coming into our
country annually, has become so .great,
and the impositions practiced upon
them so numerous and flagrant, that I
suggest congressional action for their
protection. It seems to me a fair sub
ject of legislation by congress. I cannot
inw slate as fully as I desire the nature
of the complaints made by immigrants
of the treatment they receive, but will
endeavor to do so during the session of
congress, particularly if the subject
should receive your attention. .
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.
It has been the aim of the administra
tion to enforce henesly and efficiency in
all public servants, and those who have
violated the trust placed in them have
been proceeded against with all the
vigor of the law. If bad men have
secured places it has been the fault of
the system established by law and cus
tom for making appointments; or the
fault of those who recommend for gov
ernment positions persons not sufficiently
well known to them personally; or who
give letters endorsing the character of
effiec-3eeker3, without a proper seno of
the great responsibility which such a
course devo!ve3 upon them. A civil
scrv ce reform which can corrtct this
abuse, is much desired. - In mercantile
pursaitf, the business man who gives a
letter of recommendation to a friend to
enable him to obtaiu credit from a
stranger, is regarded as generally respon
sible for the integrity of hi3 friend, and
his ability to meet his obligations. A
reformatory act which would enforce
these principles against all indonewof
persons of publie idace , wculd nsure
greater caution in making recommenda
tions. A salutary lesson has been
taught the careless and the dishonest,
servant, in the great number of prose
cutions and convictions of the last two
years, and it is gratifying to no; ice the
favora'.ilo cnange which is taking place
throughout the country in bringing to
punishment those who have proved
recreant to the trusts confided to them,
and in elevating to public office none but
those who possess the confidence of the
honest and virtuous, who it will always be
found, comprise the majority of the com
munity in which they live. In my
message to Congress one year ago I ur
gently recommended a reform in the ci
vil service of the country. In confor
mity with that recommendation, Con
gress, in the ninth section of an actmak
ins appropriations for sundry civil ex
penses of the government and for other
purposes approved March five, 187 1 ,
gave the necessary authority to the ex
ecutive to inaugurate a civil service re
form, and placed upon him the respon
sibility of Join? eo, Under the authori
ty of said act I convened aboard of gen
tlemen eminently qualiiied for the work,
to devise rules and regulatior.3 to effect
the needed reform. Tbeir labors are
not yet completed, but it is believed that
they will succeed in devising a plan
which can be adopted, to the greater re
lief of the executive, tho heads of de
partments and members of Congress,
and which will redound to tha truo in
terest of the public service. At all
events, the experiment shall have a fair
trial.
I have thus hastily summed up the
operationt ofthe government during the
last year, and made such suggestions as
occur to me to be proper for your can
sideration. I submit them with a con
fidence that your commendation will be
wise statesmanlike and in the Lest inter
est ofthe whole countrv.
Signed U. S. Grant,
lre.-;i.lcnt.
(Executive Mansion, Tec. 4.
NO- 30
Chicago Sj-oliiec I:trStt.
Chicago December 5.
Wheat Quiet, firmer and ;(W :e high
er; No. 1 at I 2f, No. 12 at 1 VJlQl
rejected at 1 0 J (';! Uo.
Corn Good demand for No. 2; mark
et firmer, bulk of sales at 41, and
closed tirm at 4li(o; i I f , rejected sold at
lire In good request at yesterday's
prices; sales of No. 12 at &J'ti.i. No. 1
nominally 03.
Barley A fair inquiry for Ny, 2 at
steady prices, closing at 02; No. 3,
quiet at 53.
Dressed Hogs Uecepts were larger,
but the shipment exceeded the arrivals;
sales at 4 ('i(.64 Goof mixed weights'
Hogs Receipts, I'O.UOO, market fairly
active at 3 W(d4 05 for fair to good, and
4 I4 20 for extia choice.
Cattle A liiilt supply, and the sales
too limited to establish any change.
St I.ouit lroi!:ics Marltst.
St Leu is December 5.
Wheat Stiff; good demand for N. 3
red at 1 47; held at $1 50; No. 2 red
winter saleable at $! o", and held higher.
Corn Firm; .mixed on track, 41i43;
No. 2 mixed in elevator, 4f('t47l.
Oats Dull; No. 2 in elevator, 37i.
Barley Firm at 73 for prime Wiscon
sin: llye Higher; No. 2 73J73.
Lard Firm at 84 cash aud seller the
month
Hogs Firm at 3 S04 30.
Lo.lTto Your Children.
The Great Soothing Remedy.
...LR8-u. 1 .Cure folic hmJ friViij loj Pric
WHitcomb tho bowels, and Litiliutes 24
Syrup, .tho lncess of teething. Cens.
MHS. I Subdues convulsions and Prico
Wfcitcomb s overcomes all (licenses inei-
Syrup. Idem to in fan u and fhiidrt n. Centt.
S .. I Cur?3 Diarrhuea, Dyseuto- Price
Whitcomb f ry and ?uininr complaint in 23
Syrup, ichildren of all sges. Cents.
It is the treat Infants' and Children's SV-th-ing
Remedy, in all disorders brought on by
teething or miy other caute.-'
Prepared by the Uraftou Medicine Co.. St.
Lou ia Mi).
Sold by druggists and dealers in Med
everywhere- de.JdAwly
SIXTY FIVE 1st PRIZE MEDALS AWARDFD
m 1111 sm n. mm .
rt!3IWK. UK HAT
MANUFACTORY.
Manufacturers of
GRAND, SQUAT. H AND UPRIGHT
5
Balt.horf. Maryland.
These Inst umen's have bren before the I ub
lic for nearly thirty year, and upon their ex
ceilt nee alone sttained an vn.on tliaied Pre
eminence, which pronounces them unequaled
in Tone, Tuuch,
Workmanh !jy ami Duriibility.
TA1I our fquare Piano? have our New Im
proved Overstruns Scale and the Agraffe T c
lle. Wfj wou!d call Epcci.il attf-ntion to our
late Patented Improvement ia Grand Hianoa
and Square Grands fuund in no other Pinno,
which brin tho tiano nearer perfection than
has yet been attained.
Etvrii PIANO Fully Warranted for Fire ycnrt-
Illnstra;ed Cat 'lopucf and price lists prompt
ly furcithedon application to
WM. Kit A EE & CO.. Baltimore, Md.
Or any of our regu!ar established agene e3.
Nov30wtimo.
'A Rook Tor 12ac Million !
MARRIAGE" I A private counol.r to the
GUIDE. I -Married or those about to in.ir
- - iry on the phynuiloajical uivcter-
ies and revelations of ilm sexual vyteui, the
latest oiesoveries in producing and ireventing
ou.-rmij, liw 10 prefcrvo ice complexion ic.
Thia is an interesting wirk of tv;: hundred
and twei.ty-fuur p:iRcn, with munn ous engrav
ings, and contains valuable in'ormatimi for
those who are married, or contemplate mar
riage. Mill, it is a book that ought to be kept
unueriocK am Key. nna r.ot laid ctrelecEiy
about the house.
Serit to any one (free of postage) for"0 cents.
Address Dr. Butts' fi-pensary. No. 12 N
Eighth street, St. Louis. M.
Notice to the Afflicted and Unfortunate.
Before applying to the notorious quackff wh
advertise in public papers, or using any quack
remedies, peruse l)r. Butts' work no matter
what your descase is or how deplorable your
condition.
Br. Bulls can be consultuu. pri-sonn-lly or l.y
mail, on the diseases mentioned in his works.
Office, No. 12 X. Eighth etreet, between Market
?r.i Chcsnut, St, Louis, Mo. dte2.lf.7ly
PETERS
CONSISTING OF
FIFTEEN VOLUMES FILLED 1VIT1I
CHOICE PIANO MUSIC.
Vocal collections.
Shining Light?. A i-bb:cecoIIe?t?3n of
bt-nutilul Sacred Sonco.
Hearth and Home, Fireside KcJues.
and Sweet Sounds. Three volumes of
cay Songs by Webster, Perslcy, etc.
Goldea Leaves. Voiuiven I. ard II.
The two volumes contain all of "W ill S.
Hays' Songs.
Prior-lees tiems. A collection o' beauti
st.l Ballads by Wallace, Thomas Keller,
etc.
H
A
H
0
S
0
C Fairy Fingers. Magic Clrc!?. and
'-" Young Pianist. Three volumes of very
easy Mums for young crs.
fearl Drops and Musice.l Keerealions.
Dance Musia. Two culiections of moderate dif
ficulty. Pleusrnt Memories. . A collection of beauti
ful pieces by Wyman, Mack. Dressier, etc.
Golden Chimes. A collection of brilliant
parlor Musie by Charles Kinket.
Brilliant ticuis. A splendid co lection, by
Vi:bre. Allard, Pacher Kiakcl. 'etc;
Price. $2,50 per vo'unie, elegantly bound in
cloth with gilt i-ilea; J2 in p;nia cloth; S1,7j
in ooarusa
Address, J. L. P.TKC3. 5K) Broadway,
New-York.
We wou'd also call attention to The Opera at
Home, a collection of over cne handrcd beauti
ful i pe:a. songs. Price $ ia cloth and gUt.
Trade price, ti.
iVov.t'J diwltnb.
Attachment Notice.
C. V. Cain. Plaintiff, vs. Emery Vi'ilson, De
fendant. Before T. II. Robertson, a jus .ice of
the Peace, in and forSarpy County, Neb,
To Emery WPson:
You are hert-by notified that suit has been
eommonced against you betore X. II. Robertson
a Justice of tho Peace in and fnr Sarpy Ccunty,
by C. W. Cain, tor the sum of thirty-two dol
lars ahd seventy cents (:12 "U), An order of At
tachment wag isufl against yon by said Justice
ou the 1 Jth dy of November 1S71. for the afore
said sum and est of suit. Said nction has been
continued UJ-til January 6th 172. at ten (lo
o'clock A. M. C. W. CAIN.
Dec " 3w
HOTICE.
r ILL furiiUh parties with stone for building
purposes at reasonable rut oh. at my quarry or
deliverm on the cars t Louisville st.nion- The
foliowi g kinils can be had on short notice, sills,
caps, per. h rock. Hue or rod sand stone such a
was used the R fr At R. K. iu the construe
: "f.m their (fine work. All rt-apon-ible
orders promptly Cile-i Addrt-ss,
J. X. A: HOoVKtt
dwtf Loulsvdte Stll..h.
Srriraltimore Piano
to
-Offi-s corner Main an J Seiiad street;
tii i;tory .
rf5MS : lai!j 10.CrJ pnr aea'Sin. or
ht mon'.h.
for Sale.
The property belonging to D. Marqtiett will be
sold or rt-nLed on reifiiiiabln terms. 1 ho hon.e
contains 0 rooms. There is also a large cistcrri
m ith lliiter, a cellar, stable and otlii r eonvcu
itfiicc. Apply to X. M. MAU'JLE'IT.
BCpllf.
lr0ffss!ori;! (Thro.
it ivi.;! i V.Va ii
rilYSICIAN AND sUKt-KON-tenvrs hi.
professional services ;o the citizens of C bKstrnut
ty. itesiJcicCDOutlit- d comer ol Oik anSix'bT
streets; otlice on M.vn street, one d, -i wo.-t
ofLyman'e Lumber Yard Platlsuioi.th. N"-1.
J. W. JtAWJMWS. SI. o.
PHYSICIAN AND SURtl HON. late a Hur-f
feon-in-C'hief of the Army v.C tbe Potomac,
'lattsinouili. Nebraska. Ollice at O. F. J'l.bn
eon's Drue St ;re Main street, opposite CI aril
Pitimmcrs. Private rcsiduM-eeorncroi Rock a.iy'
T 31 iTEAIC1UT'JL
ATTORNEY AT LAW nn I Solicitor in Chat.'
errr. Agents for RuiiroaJ Lands Platlsmoulb
Nebraska.
J. C. FOX. D. II. WHKKt KR
i'ox & vviici: Lt.it,
.ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Special uttenti'i-
given to probate business and land title casen'
Otlice i the Masonic Block, Main Street,
Plattjluout'u. Nebraska. .
a. HAIWRLI.. SAM. m. ch.ipma
ATTORNEYS AT LAW and Solieifor
Chancery, Plattsinoulh, Nebraska. OlHi
1 itsgerald's Block, lapr'.
F. HOD A i P
House and Sign Painter, Graining, paper
hanging and ornamental Paintinf, Orders'"
prpmpily tilled, fchop north ol Price's Black
smith Shop. ooTd'.m.
GE'J. 5. SVITH. OKO. K. DBA PIT
Attorneys at Law, and General Collecting A gen.
ill practice in all courts ofthe State and wes
tern Iowa. Otlice overClark & i'luiuuier's store
opposite the Brooks llvu.-u.
III.VTOX ESIEOs.,
CARPENTERS & JOINERS, Are prepare
to do work in good style, on short notio .and
as cheap as. the cheapest. Shop. corner ol
2d ain and Fourth t reels. ugldtf
D. H. WHEELER. L. t. BE.NNKTT
I). II iyiiecl n'tu.,
Real Estate end Tax Paying Agents, Noti rie
Public, Fire and Life Insurance Ageats, I'lstlf 4
mouth. Nebraska. iclMU
ri,ATTSIrlOUTII MILLS:
C. HElSliL. Proprietor. Having recently be, f
repaired and placed in thorough running on!
10O.OW Bushels of Wheat wanted imuiediatti
or which the highest market price will be pa
vr
L.. TUlli.r.It,
CARPENTER AND JOINER, will do at
r :k in his lino on short notice and in tbe bea
e. Contracts for building made on reonona
i yura, Shi p one block south of Platte Val
use. . .
General Insurance agent, and Notary Public.
Lite, Fire and Marine Insurance, at reason-
able rates in the most substantial Companies in
the L'pitid States. Oflicc front room over Post
Otiice with T. M. Marqiselt.
PlatUmouth, Nebraska. April 5'.h. dlw.
imiooks"uoltseT""
JOHN FITZGERALD rrorrieiof
Main Street, Between 5th and O1I1.SI
Phelns Paino
GENLflAL INSURING E AG'T
FL ATTS M O UTI I. NEBRASKA.
Represents some of the most reliable Coinpaai
its in ihe United States.
OfTice with Barnes St Pollock in Fitrgerabie
Bljck . QanTdAwti'
"jiH JOSEI'H SCIILATKII
;fv J KdTAiW.l.'IIEl IN
VjSir2 DEAI-I511 IN
J E W E L R'Y
S1LV1.R Ail) PJ.AIKD WARE.
GOLD ll.NS SPCTACLES.
VIOLIN STRINGS AND
, , FANCY GuODS.
Watchc, Clocksand Jewelry repaired neatly'
ind with dispatch.
ftRemoved to opposite Tlatte Valley Housa
3i"isr t. nov. luwtf.
W ould respectfully inform the citizens
PlattMnooth and vicinity that lie has .op
D'isrensary at Omaha. Nebraska, wh
tients can gel reliable treatmentf.,r all dd;
Particular attention paid to
At Dincanet'i the Lung.
jfs'hma. Bronchitis, Consumption. Eruption
Gravel. Paralysis. Loss of Voice, Wakefulness.
Fever, Sores. Rheumatism, Goitre,
Neuralgia, Tu-mors, Dia
rrhoea, Dropsy. .Ca
tarrh, Cold
Feet
and
Hands, Bil
lioumicss. Diseased
Kidneys, Erysipelas. Ner
vous Depression, Dys pepsis, Cos
tiveucss. Liver 2ouipiaint. Seminal
V ecko esses, all Private diseases. Falling ofthe'
Womb t.nd all Female comploints. Heart Dis
ease. Swolb-n Joints. Csjughs, Gout. White
Swellings. St.. Vitus Dance Vc.
The Doctor is permanently located anl will
pay particular attention.
Obntctrical Sary.ry,
"nd all saprreso'iona and Irregularities, and all
Other dcases peculiar to women. Persons wno
have been under treatment of other physicians
and have notoeen cured, are invited to call as
I cure all private diseases no matter of how
long Handing, and cures
Gva'entlcd or SO PA Y.
... ...
Call and see tho Doctor without delay. II is
charges are moderatt and con 'liltations free.
AH communications strictly rutifideKtial. Dis
pensary and consultation roriln No, zoFiroaia
street, corner Fourteenth. OJlce hours from 8
am , to'Jpia. P. O, Bjx No. 1 .07 J Jyl3ly
THE
IMPERIAL
Fire Insurance Co.
OF LO.VDOX,
E.tab!i.-hed A. D. J S03,
Capital and Cash Accumulations,
Ten Million Dollars In Gold.
Chicago ILosses all Pit id
DOLLAR FOR DOLL A II.
-. Th reputation and standing which this com
pany has secured during tho sixty-nine yean!
it has tr-insaetod buine3throughou. the world;
together with tho larse i'hd undoubted security
i' otters lor all ts ob 1 nations, claims fur it A
share ofthe pub iu patronage.
Policies is. ued and losses paid by
51. E PAL,!tlER. Agent,
Ftattsiiioutb, Neb.
Nov.t. diwtf
' PACIFIC RAILWAY OF MISSOURI
Pus-sengr-i leaving St. Joe. via. Missouri Val.
ey Railroad ail o'clock p. ri. make close and
am iaa?mCee.nt sleeping and passenger he
have been a.idcd to its equipments. Passengers
can rely on its m king its advertised time. Thi
is the best route frc u St.Joc.eph Wit, Louis, the
South nd nulheasi
Torough lit kets to" lie at tho oCices of ihi
Miouil Vllcy Itai ad.
puntviiurviii'iiii ill iviiUMl? Icy Wlin IIUS pOOU
lar road, arriving at bt. Louis nert morning at
5 o'clock. This is now a first -class road iu every
respect. New iron has been laid: mw
1 . 1 . t
J. MOORE. Gen 1 Ftft.,
V A. V.J..1 ta.i' i