f L
'7' rwr?i attempts to haul a' of.cn the .Imcrican Jacr, shoot him on the stct.'' Jomx A. Dix.
VOL. I
PLATTSMOUTII. N. T., WEDNESDAY, JAN. 17, 1SHG.
AO 41
THE HERALD
is i-lI;!.;:iku
DAILY AND WEEKLY,
,V. r.i.i.I.Y KVkitY V. I DXUoDAV
i;v
Ji. I 1 1 ATI I AWAY,
EOlTCP. AND PROPRIETOR.
1 1 : r a
.a i.ertf, i-ona i
I
Tcrms:-
"Wr-pklv, 2.-"0 per annum; j
1'1'tiiv. St per monll
Hairs of . 1 drerlising
Cr
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ATTOii.NKV A'!' L V W j
Solicitor in Chancery.
fl.Al 'I'll!, - - Nbl.n i-SKA
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Tiro and Life Ins, Ag'ts.
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CLAIM AGENTS.
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SCI1 LATER.
WATCHMAKER and JEWELER,
" y. A ! N Si I ki: t.T,
VIiAT TSMOb I'll,
NF.TiKASKA.
A c-' I :i :; nerit . f :.t . Ci'-.- IVns,
J- wciry. i!-..t NV.ir... K.im-s G.". s V !!c ami 1
wliu Trl.;.:-.i;iw'- ;''ivs ii ii.'iJ. Aiiwu'k fuln-
m ....! t ii . ir'i'Wti t.' Hii::,ii,it'!.
.;.ril it'. :.
IIcss tfc Finisher
Saloon and lleLtaurant
il s;i
ki ii 1 1 f inc.- t : f I
rjf-f-ii o.v-
. M.Mj. u ! -r th- y iil furuih
Fith'K Ll'Xt'f viry ni 'tuti lrtwet-Mi 9 1-2
mi 1 !ti J 1. lLj"y".V t';"r- mniioih'tu'.
PLATTE VALLEY
k n v c. : si bc 3.
G. VV. CROW,
pnop.
I 3-n .r. i,o furni-ti ;l'l M'K.i n.iy f.ivor H
:ta tl.-.r ii"iia .' 'nh !!,,-i:iK-, m,'.e w;u:i or
tM lnl hv ti.f ck. ii. W . CK.W.
i'. ltT-IU ul!l, Ai'lil IS, yl
Ecct &. Shoe Glicp.
Th - v .-j;. r.'-i.-rtf:i;.y c:il! t'le att-n-
ti-.n .-if t ' i ;: - r f I'lnttMn- nth :..l t! aI: t
si. t l :r 'ajl li.nl lir ijt'ite.l ined.r ;'
I.' illivJ.'l Or".- S'urv. Ir' iui'Tds kf l illil
I'll rtn I iii tk'r: i'1 tl)- siioro--t ii' tu e, t-v e y-
i-ici.n lis I: nr. 11 : .-t t'k t't lit.- K-. tr.l i.v l.'Iil
fif. ana i v i. j siii'tite iii.-st"I" Lia 1:1'-' iutin;
I'.-iQesi, i.t. f..-tl, t .'iiilta; liiat Le vu tve b.iv.sla
t. a. Gi.- ! im caii.
April I:' 'c5. J. TliOUiiOKle3.
BY TELEGRAPH
TO THE DAILY HERALD.
Wamm.cto, Jan. 0. (Jen. It. C.
Crawford, wlio is reported to be at
Brownsville, raisiug an American di-
j virion fur Mexico, is a citizen of Tett
j nessee, and about a year ago was dis
rpi-'jU tae u(-r :c by court martial on
the charge cf stealing muuev from a
Lank in ll.'gersville, Tenu. His chief
I of staff wiij a Lieutenant Colonel of a
colored regiment, and was dismissed
some time hist Eumiuer, Ly cjuit mar
tial, fur a gross offeree. It is not 'ue-iie-d
ly those qualified, thai Crawford
or Reed have recruited a smgle mar..
W.isiii.Noios, Jan. 12. An older
has iu-t l-en i-siicd mustering' out 22
regiments of white ai d Lkiclc troops.
ni:w loiiK, Jan I J. i l
ri:w loiiK, Jan IJ.
i a a.-h.t)gu : special sava t;iat
I Trea,urv. has mention-,! ,evral hank.
ii)r coii...'.i.ies for
dtwitrnutiou as de
posit, iri-'s of Government funds, that it
is the pohcy of the Government not to
establish any more depositories man the
u(ces;i'ics of the Govt.riniioni di-mand,
and when no actual n:cessity exists for
establishing Mich deposiiorisu he must
decline to authorize tliem.
I lS-ij.i .1 11 SOU O Olil i-Ol 10-OiiJIi
i;;g ;:i
a pl.ui
lai! before the Presib ni and
Svcreiary of " ur a lew weeks t trice,
Ly Gen. ( jrant.
(Icii. Gir.r.t expresses his opinion j
that the ec,ss,y of mamtaming a large
nniitai y force 1 1 the soutnern Statrs no !
; Lng,T exists. He b.lieves that a ma- !
' t-.-ial reduction in ihe number of our I
troops there may etili salt Jy be made. !
p. m
New Vciih, Jan. 12 'i he steunf r
I Scotia, wi h Liverpool dj.tes of the obh
and :51st id 1., is signaled, and will be up
abjut 1U A. M.
N'l w Yoniv, Jan. 1:
Tri r.
molders held a .-ecret session yesterday .
mornmg. and transacted business of a .
routine ti'.raeter.
1 A i) lume n
: of I't man di h
i Inrltete l ;st e;
mass-n.e'ing in honor
a e.s was held m Copper
ui.-itr- Addr.-s.-es were
treide I y sev.r t! d.-i 'gates from various
Suite, and !V ('el. Mahen-'y,
Th" I lradd's ( iecrget r- 11, Nicura-
-ua.rerresoond.-nt Jtates that en the tri;. !
ii the aauier Mo,es Taylor, frott'i
San rra.cisco to Sao Juan, w.th Coh- j
t ..m.i 0--eng-r.s for tbisiity.an Irish- ;
tu io e iei on dec- with a revolver ar.d
d-elal he wotM shoot any man w ho
waL a I-Vnian. Two Ih-!ishme:i j
at .cedenid having any Fenian pro- j
,tieS. anri he shot them bo'h: he also I
w. iri't.-ii iiiiuseu in turn, ami unv.n' u ,
verhoard, but was rescm-d by the crew. :
' I ' .. ! . :.l '
1 tm-a iu u hi stum j.u Mtys .. ;
c . : .1 !
arty or prym:n,';t rentiemen Hons j
New York, hrad. d by Gen. Strong
arrved hf:re lI-is 'nomiug for the pur
pose of presenting the name of Henry
A. Smith for Collenor.
I'very item of news in regard to the
position of our Government toward the
invaders of the Itepubiic of Mexico
been eagerly devoured by the Ameri
! people, and the conjectures as to what
would bo the final result has been as j
varied as the uitievent reports about
whit was actually being done, llt i
upon one p. int there has been the great-
est of unanimity; and that was the de- : sa,Tar an j Wd0.ji tiian aVly ot.r gta,e i ostracising of those' electors, simply and j with the approval ofali good law-abid-sire
to have Maximi lian sent back with j w rnlT' '1.' ,,t r '. , nr. ! soklv thrctieh the de?ticable means of ! in? e'tens. If we would preserve our
ti conviction that t'.ie Monroe doctrim
was a rrianfie of cur Government,
and not a mere Loblv. How near the
co:ist;:;;mati?!i cf this desire is at hand,
we are nieil le to determine; but that he
will be compel!. ;.i to abandon Mexico
at no distant day is inevitable. Napo
leon see no profit in engaging in a
war with the United States, and conse
quently has been awaiting a favorable
opportunity to withdraw his support of
Maximiiiian's government. The op-
nnn:n.i! hn nl !sO nrpanntpil i'self.
.. .,. . . ., ,
anl he win not be slow to avail himse.t
r . ,, , ii,
of it. Maximillian has failed to pay ;
, c , r i- ii . i
bun for the use of the 1 rench bayonets
that have kept him on his throne, and
he will undoubtedly make this the pre
text for abandoning the cause. It is
staled that the French Secretary has
already said inwreply' to a complaint
lodged with the French government,
through Mr. Seward, iu regard to Max
imiiiian's decree for patting to death all
Republican prisoners filling into the
hands of the Imperialists that his gov
eminent has nothing to do with Mexi
can affairs; and intimates that, if we
havo grievances to be redressed, we
can do as the French did under similar
circumstances that is, send an army
to enforce cur demands. Our Govern
ment should profit by this suggestion of
the French Secretary, and show ta
Max. that we ir.eua what we say about
allowing a monarchy to Le established , TIlll tOXTtSTt:!) Si; AT in Use
at cur very doors. If this intruder was ! IIOlsI.
taught a letson, the experiment would We regret that the strenuous oppo-i-not
likely be tried again very soon. ! 'ion the Democratic portim of the
j House ha thus far prevented Gen II.
ziiivxi. srrriiACE. i Tr ,,,,, ,:1,.;rT hi, Sf.slt ,h,pi ft
We extract the following from an
aci.jre&3 Uf Iirere.l bftore me Aationr.l ,
Equal Suiirage Associntion cf V'a?h- j
ington, Ly Hon. George S. Uoutwtil, of !
..lassaUaisetts : j
"I LaveoL-erved that those people j
who are most streuuous in resisting the
advai.ccn.Bnt of other persona are those j
i i W,"-"J "VMo" ;
would not care to exhibit, if those omer
person, are permitted opportunities to j
make progress they will crme iu'o cm-
petition with themselves. I think the
U' i. n i : ri ii rv . i i ii t v .111
. . : C .1
"
mat superior lace mey ciaim 10 oe, nnu
1 v
I amo.ie of thoe who believe they are,
n lJiC nluch SUPer,r 10 lue
I 1 t..V rrtfa fit nr.t! filo M-1 . K r?li f'Yrit'TI.
V 1 ... ' M. ' - - ' ...... ' " " " I
ence and education they have, neatly
ihirty millions strong, and with no mere , wu arc uo 1:Uvyer .e dv.ny thtir
th.iu four millions of colored people, j rj.Ii, lQ dy The Organic law of this
they ought certainly to b.i willing touc- Territory never contemp'ated a rebel
cept tlw contest on equal terms. If wo t;.,tlUyr d:.j it rroviJ,. tl. ,he einer.
are beaten, if they make more rapi 1 gvI,cy wl)i( i ii;,u cail out volunteers
advancement than we are able u mr.ke, 1 ,0 jen.e jn ths" ariy of ,he Uuhuj
I think we ought, gracefully as we can, j cutes We hold that ihe tntentioft of
to yield the superiority to them. It is j ex,uj!li;, parl of Section -3, of that
an impu.ation upontne wmie race, ana
..
comeloan e,,mllly
. , . .
llifin Wild liars lllti tritrVatlUil ci Uic I
w,t ttie xvlllle nu,u' 1 vlibuu in-
Minctively feels he is not that superior ,
being he would have
r.ien th:n.: 1
....
ne is.
essential tlillerence oetween
our Government and the Hi i-tocraticai
a1j iuonarchi.il governaients cf Europe
is in the fact that by theory, if not yet
in practice, our Government is a popu-
lar g ovtrnmeni, while theirs is
in n
gn,aieror:ess.iegreeexcais.ve. 1 nt 1 e- -
lore, ior w..at reason aie we m eAcmue
1- 1 I
r 1 . .1.1
any pottion ct our citizens irom tne
practise of ihe elective franchise?
VVi nsvtr we do it, whtther it be in a
3
tloty ot gerament is wrong.
theirs i, right. Our theory is, that tae
whole people are belter and wiser and
u .,,,. r th-ni r roi:;--! it" bowevt r lai f'e .
'7 ' ' , Vr . : "
r"e 1 f ie'r mert is, lua
V1 are not lu be trusted
with the administrotion cL a flairs that
sum", for one reason or another, are to .
..v:. 1 Tv.v.ai t,t .. ,. if vu ;.r.. 1 '
- J - - ,
, . ,
10 exciuuo men ler atiy reason excein
v ' 1
crime cr dependence 011 the public for
support, if you are to exelode men fcr
one reason, when you commence there
is no line upon which you can stop? Is
it r.o-.the old organictheorycf monarch-
1 f . l J
ial governments, inasmuch as the mass
cf the people were not to be trusted.
pow er must be put into the hands of lie
wises! or bravest to Le found amongst
them?"
j -J-According to the last census.
,ie jjuj State of Vermont ' produces 1
1ore Worses, mihh cows, sheep, buf.er, i
cjjeese, wheat, cats-, hay. hon, maple
o ' " i
cording to its population, more butter.
beese, wood, 1-,-ty and maple sugar,
than r.ny other State in the Union.
How do our political friends
feel about the Legislature framing a I
Constitution since di;ct;vering that r.ie !
Cop's have a majority in the House, and
that the vote of the Council being a lie
on President, that delectable p irty se
cured the vcting majority by permitting
a Union President to be elected, giving
tha talaace of power to the opposition?
How are you State organization? The
' 0
wiseacres who have foreed this question
r 1
before the pabhc are entitled to trriat
. o1'"1
crtuit tor being long headec(f). ve
fear, that in their inlecent hurry they
omitted to count political noses. We
for one, want no Constitution that tastes
or smeils of the old scent. When the
time comes, let us have a convention,
and let us see to it that Freedom has a
majority therein.
r?xT Judge ltorer, of Jlurlingtoa .
sem a present cf a few bottles of bis;
eeiebrateu Iowa Catawba wme, through, bet.n ,?nacted intended to perpetual
Senator Gn nes, to the French Minu- t over the freedmen the barbarous pow
ter at Washington City. The Minister er nh)rh the Ilia6.er exercised iu sl av
was so much pleased with it that he j ery S'ol a single Southern Slate has
sent a bottle of it to the Urr.peror Na- ! i,Pf.n ;n neenrdanm. whh
paleon. The Ihnperor could hardly be
induced to believe that such a superior !
article of wtne came from Amexica,!
i . !- . . ; i
and ent an orcer to America aireciiLtr
uie purtnase ot ait ot juuge iiorr s '
vi&e oa band it he would sell i
representative of a portkm of the loyi
e;eL..,r3 ()f Nebraska. To u?, this
course savors uore of tlio treiu3ice
wjjj that iU,Ll,l):n 0jj rtJ?y C0I)Cern
ytt.,;l Dt inocracy has p.-rsi-ten'.iy mau-
ifested towards our soldier.-, than of any
reawil furijt., jM iaw. jr-irk it we!I.
eiectur3 of etraa.. Lear in minu
tr.ai tae Weiriocrutie representatives of i
Territory have tritd to out a loyal
geiltleIliau fri,t hii stat as one of ymir
rt,rresor4l.llive? ier,n,,e hc ,-y a svl,;er
0f Hit Cuwn! Ai.d rvmemheriu -this,
r . . . 1 . 1 t .
lorgei not mat mk h as ;.e, wnoui tnv
.... ... i. , , ; r i v.
now see!, to ut-piive of his rights, gave
, - . , , . . , , , !
to c
ccura the peace which you now en-
10
l They claim law for their action: but
,a provided atrainst the votin-.
i. . j: . . . c.i. i i
J .tlZ "Ttr
lne 1 ernlor nccessai nj le.juired tor
h def)M1LV al ,he tiu,e sait aw xva3 en.
GClej.ar.li which were at that time cm,.
posed of the forces uf the regular tinny.
j none of whom were, or ever intended
j to become, bona fide citizens of our Ter-
ritory. me language or ec. 0 is:
". 7n l provided further, That no offi
cer, soldier, seaman or marine, or oth
person in the army or navy cf the Uni-
ted States, or attached to trior's in the
lvcQ cf he Unil?d Su,es j, ,y
h!Io,,eJ tj votP or Lu:j
o.iiee in sani
Territory, by reason of Leii.g on ser
vi-.e therein."
ark the iV.n:
age lij rctsoii of be
; i;i- 0,1 sernce l.m. Adiv, it is not
i by reason'of being on Pryioe thi-rem
, th.; the U(,tl,.;U d.,i;!M hU (,alLut
a t.,ia nJli tili1.u of lhtt Terri-ory.
, , ,1 . ,
" "
L ha3 a kr?e in,ere5t in a leading
-a, of jhe Territory, and is its ed-
itor. Ixo one can successfully contest
right to (
1 - 1
our belief, seeing that lie is a cin.euof
the Territory, successfully contest his
seat in our House of Representative?.
But he is a Ilopubhcan he tiis
thrown many a destructive shell among
.
the Copperheids cf the x,orth through
(he ' ag wt as ,,ia Inure alja.
sive shell more familiar to their allies
of the South during the last four years.
Hence conies the opposition and ungen
erous course of the mis-representing
members of the Copperhead fac-ion in
the H:.:Use hence their unwillingness
' eei him on the door of that House
to which the loyal vo'.ers of Kearny
liave legally sent him. Hence loo, the
-
niibt-
a ut spot ism tiiat j-i
the teotl
niA eyes of justice boldly seeks ?o de
prive Kearney of its just share of rep
resentation. We hope the loyal Union members
of the Iloti.-e will stand by the General
and see that he gets h's seat, for in our
opinion he is far more justly entitled to
it, than some Cops we wot of in that
...
collection oi holms.
teS" "No State," says lhesiden
Johnson, can be regarded as thoroughly
reorganized which has not adopted ir
revisabie guarantees for the rights of
the freedmen. This is true; and judg
ed by it, there is not a rebel State
which merits restoration. Not one of
these States treats the emancipated
slaves as freedmen. In some, of them
the law decrees that colored people
shall be allowed neither to buy nor to
lease land. In none of them are they
allowed to contract for their bbor i
the same manner as white men. In
none of them are they allowed to testify
in courts except-when colored persons
nru nirilnj In nr!i. r.f tb.Pm is a:,V
nrv; jnt, ,'H v.v law for their educa-
., rn nji ,,r ,hen, intrant laws have
princ:..rj,, aj,j j0Wil Ly the Fresi-
dVnt.- Chicago Republican.
' -
FvrvTho nfe in ihe new lfhni"p
l'" lnesaiemint new iJ.uane i
in iev i oris is ens nunureu reel long, ;
twenty feet wide, and nine Ligh.
list;:;), nor can inewini'" .... n... ... ........ ...
svno.is or
GOVEFSNOrVS MESSAGE-
Owing to the sr;.a'l atn mnt of space
we are able to devote to reading matter
iri oi;r daily, we only give a synopsis cf
the Coven. ors Message. We give,
ho vtver, such jiortions as are of great
est interest, believing it will be sjiis
factory to our readers. In speaking of
the It..ha:i War, he says:
"jhn1 oluened by success, the savage
tribes who have committed these out
rages upon the lives and property of
emigrant, and upon the Overland fetagf
Line and Pacific Telegraph, have Lj
cuiue exceedingly reckless and daring
in their murderous foray?; and outrages
the most atrocious and wautori in tiieir
character, are of freijttent occurrence.
jNothing will, in my j-.idgment, i.'ive us
I'tAci: njioii the l'laitis, but the employ
ment of the most vigorous measures to
i i 1 i i
hunt out and severely punish the authors
uf lh outra-es. And I trust and be
lieve, tri'in ihe information 1:1 my poss
se-sion. that it is the purpose of ihe
General Government, eaily in the com
inr spiing.to send a force against thorn
suihcieiit to compel ihem to su for
petice, or ilnve them from all the great
h.ues of travel between the Missouri
liver and she Rocky Mountains."
The entire outstanding in !ebtedn?ss
of the Territory, as shown by the Au
ditor's report, was, on the Lboth of Di- i
comber. t-JH ,707,0; dtuueting there-i
from 8o7,'5,J0 the amount of bends is
sued to pay the militia, which will prob
ably be rt funded by the General Gov
ernment and we have t jlJ,tG7,S0 as
the entire indebtedness; S-'i,b'.)l,-5(i less
than the amount due in lGl. The
amount of resources to meet the above
is C-91,'.tl-,70.
'In calling your attention, at the last
session, to the homosteaii law, I recom
mended that you memorialize Congress
to prohibit the sale of the public lands
to any except su;h as shall make proof
! that ih ?V propose to ncijuire them, for
the purpose ot actual settlement ana
cuuivatio:i. 1 cannot too strongly urge
t:.is subject upon your t-.-fention at the
present session. The object of the law
was ev i Jently to open op the public
lands to the 1 ultivators of ihe soil, free
or charge, except the small sum neces
sary u pay the cciual expense of sur
vey, c. Under the present law, which
i'iio.vs speculators to enter all the lands
they may desire, those seeking home
steads are often deterred from taking
them, tin ring that as soon as they shall
have ma le valuable improvements, thus
enhancing the value of the adjacent
lands, that speculators w ill at once pur-
t 1 Mu hf bcr n.if ir.tiri p Ihii im-mh.
iii 1 -
. . 1 . ... .
tiy, aiiU uius ueprive uiese pioneer set
tlers of the advantages of neighbors.
The tru; policy of the General Gov
ernment is to give these lands to the
landless, and to confer homes upon the
homeless, and the Legislatures cf the
new States and Territories should con
, ,M,e tQ r:ie.non.l!ie Congress on this
suljett (as they did for the passage of
the homestead law) until their prayer
ohall be granted."
'I recommend to you for ycur candid
consideration, the propriety of enacting
at vour present session, an amendment
j to the general election law, so as to re
' f;'ire the registration of all legal voters
! . . . .'. . a c ,.i...: . 1
prior to the day of election. Such laws
have been for many years iu operation
in several of the States, and so far as
my information roes, they have met
1 , ! 'he
noiiii.'ui bberties we must guard well
the ballot-box; for hi no other way
could ih i rights and nbeniej of the peo
ple be s easily mid--. rmitin'l and finally
destroyed, as hy allowing imposi'lons to
be extensively practised upon the elec
tive franchise. r'i aTiduiont voting is
nothing short of a species of treason
follow it up an ! give it frt e scope, and
it will break and destroy the
Pil ieiiimeui on ear.m iu.e
'in mv Mind no question uojut the pro-
, -ei;r of gu..h a ,uas it seek not
art!;.
to in.erfere with the r;g!.'.s cf any man.
but .-imply to protect the legal voter
from having his inlljcnee destroyed by
impo-iors.
"Jn your work of legislating for the
people, you cannot be too careful of,
and attentive to whatever may conduce
to the interests of those who till the soil.
Nebraska is emphatically an agricultu
ral country. In her extensive and beau
tiful valleys and prairies, we have the
bank of deposit from whence the wealth,
not only of our present population, but
of the teeming millions who are here
after to inhabit our country, must be
drawn. Whatever, thertfore, you can j
do to further the interests of the .lg
ricuUvrisl, of Agricultural Societies, or
Agricuhural Fairs, should, iu my judg
ment, receive your earnest attention and
consideration."
In sp.'aking of immigration, the Gov
ernor recommends the formation cf a
charter id immigration society, and the
sending cf one cr more agents to New
, r , c ,
1 ork for -the purpose cf showing to
...
,v"'s" "o-- ........- .
cur Territory, and giving them the ne-1
cessary information in regard to home-
, "
" ef 3" ,. , , . , w.
In spea-ving of a Ceulogica. alvey
of the Territory, he ays:
"If our financial condition will not
warrant a general survey of ihe entire
Territory at the present lime, I respect
fully suggest the propriety of making
provision for such partial survey as wiil
be most liiiely to develope our mineral
resources with the smallest possible cost
to the treasury."
He recommends that laws be made
to take e fleet at some specified time
subsequent to their passage, instead of
'from and after their passage," in or
der that lime may be given for the
printing and distribution of them before
people are required to obey them
RAIL UO A OS.
In my annual communication to you
at your last session, I informed you that
the work on the Union Pacific Kailroad,
from the capital of your Territory west,
was progressing with commendable
zeal, and expressed the opinion that
bef ore the period of your pres ml meet
ing, at least fifty uuies of that road
would be completed. I am happy to
inform you that that prediction has Leon
fully verified by the facts. Aheadyihe
track has been laid, including side
tracks, for n distance of miles, anJ
the graduation and bridging of the road
have been fully completed as far west
as Columbus ('Jo miles distance by hue
of the road). IL-youd Columbus the
graduation has been completed for a
distance of twenty-five or thirty miles.
I am informed that it is the purpose of
the couiji my to construct the abutments
and piers of the bridge over the Loup
Fork the present winter. The bridge
is already framed, and ready to put up
as soon as the mason work cm be com
puted, so that it is reasonable to sup
pose that a; ieast loO miles of the road
will be ready for the cars wi bin twelve
mon'hs from this date, at.d it is not im
probable that Fort Kearney may be
reached within that period.
The importance of this great Nation
al Thoroughfare to nil the material in
terests of our Territory agricultural,
conniu rcia!, mechanical and financial
must be apparent to every intelligent
citizen. As a National enterprise it is
equally important. Constituting as H
will, when completed, the highway of
commerce between two oceans uniting
as it must, the business interests of New
York and Uoston with those cf San
Francisco and Sacramento by a contin
uous line cf railway communication,
and shortening, for all practical purpos
es, the distance between London and
Paris on the one hand and I'ekin and
Canton on the other, it -.vi!l make Amer
ica ihe very centre of the world's com
mere, civilization and progress. The
business which has sprung up, as if by
magic, between the commercial cities
of the Hast nnd the vast mining dis
tricts of the West, can no longer find
adequate accommodation and facilities
through the modes of conveyance he re
tofore employed. The LTnion Pacific
liaii lload, with its numerous branches
ail converging at a common point
(the lUOth meridian of west longitude)
w ithin the limits of our Territory will
supply these much needed facilities,
bjth for travel and traflie, and render
Nebraska the gateway of commerce,
not only for our own country, but for
ihe civilized world. The main lino of
liiis great routl passes from Frist to West
through the geographical centre cf the
Territory Upon the north. Congress
has provided for a branch from Sioux
City, and to the south of us the same
just r.nd liberal policy lias endowed two
other branches with hber.il donations,
ihtts insuring their construction at an
early day. One of these branches is,
the extension of tlot Burlington and
Missouri River K'li'road, now perma
nently located, to run west from 1 latts
mou'.h to the 100th meridian; the other
is ihe extension of the Hannibal and
St. Joseph Railroad from St. Joseph,
ia a north-westerly direction, uniting
with the main line (ia the Iinguage of
the bill), at the 10'i.u meridian "zi the
Trritory if .''jfjl.ti." This last
ncmed branch will ahbrd easy facniiies
for a Western connection by mail, to
ihe southern and southwestern coun'b s
of our Territory. A western extension
of the St. Joseph and Council Blulis
Railroad from Nebraska Ci'y would
complete a connection between all the
principal commercial points on the Mis
souri river, within our Territorial lim
it:, and ;he mining regions of the West,
which draw their supplies almost ex
clusively from the Missouri river." As
such a branch would constitute a feeder
u uic u uuit nil' , VLllMuuru uuuu-i rA
..!,-:...!,. i. ii,,a,n..
he im little doubt that u.ou the proper assured WV 1 a?re Jv':h lhe W,I,PS ("'f
application, C aress would grant to it i constituency. . I 've no hesitan
, ' i i i i i I-, , j cy, however, pi giving it as my candid
the same aiJ w l.icii has been so liberal-i 3 . . , r
, , -i. . i . , opinion that tae resources of .Nebraska,
ly and S3 wisely extended to lne other 1 ,,, , . , , ,
auxiliary braches. won d ie sooner I weioned. and her
s-r ai u oovrnsMENT. i Hrea.hh an r'T';-'on uicieased by be-
No,v that the great rebellion ha, ' ? te t"a lf the remains as
been put down and peace once more re- 11 ierntory. m m m
stored to cur counny, the suljvt of a -5T A Washington correspondent
change of government from a Ten iio- ; describes Senator Saulsbury on a "big
rial io a State is being rreely dweussed drunk," riding down Pennsylvania Av
by our people. Nevada, with a much' . . ,
. 3 1 ' i , enue in an open carriage with two boo
ess permanent poru anon than Ne-i . . . . 3
I-..- ,L i !i-, afrpndu k.rftm. r.f 1 zy triccds and a big dog, txtakmz faces
independent States of the Union, and j
the people of Colorado have also made 1
'.and ad-pied a State constitution, ami m
jail probability will be admitted into the
i family of States, within 'i very few
j d iy The qUt,etil!l wuh u.e y.U: of
j a Territory should ihi tiijiy le "Shall
we change our form of government?
but, "Is 11 for the best iulvrols 1 f her
peoj'ie for htr to le admitted as a
Stat.-?
ltiis question answt reu in iue
attirmative, ana me people i t a.i par
ties would be intere-ttd 1:1 making tho
change.
The argument again-t th" vlif.rge of
form of government, is that it would
require more mom y io l e pa.d ly the
people of ihe Ten ma y to .-uppoit a
State government than that of a IY'Ti
tory, f ur ihe reason that the salat ies of
such Territorinl otiicers as are appoint
ed by the national administration are
now paid out of the United States Treas
ury, and aUo a great poition of ihe
legislative expenses. The next ques
tion would naturally be, ''How much
do"s this amount to? ' Ju Nebraska it
amounts t somewhere between twenty
and twenty-nine thousand dollars. Tho
latter sum is the Lighe.-t amount appro
nriited bv Congress, and of course tie?
I expenses cannot exceed that sum. Now,
if Lienritl sessions ot the Legi -la'.ure
be provided for instead of animal, as
at present, (and nearly all the Western
States have ad pted this course.) near
ly one-half of this sum could Le sved
to the State. Con-oquen'iy '-'ie aJ.li
tional sum to be paid by the State oug,.t
not to exc-ed at the ou'.-ide figure ihe
sinn of twenty thousand d.-llars p- r un-
tiuin. Now, leaving out of view all the
advantages of increased inlluences thai
a State always has over a Territory,
let us see whether in a poctmiiiy punt
we wouM not be benefitted by the
change.
At pre-teiit, the funds with which cur
public schools are supported are raised
by a direct lax upon the people of die
Terri'ory. The sum assessed for ISO-;,
for this putfiose, as will I e seen by the
report of the Si hool Commi-sicncr, i
otter twenty-six thousand (lobars u
greater sum of itself than would be re
quired to pay the additional expense of
a State Government. And 1 am in
formed by that officer that it i bis firm
conviction after examining the subject
closely, that ihe incomi from the sales
and rents of the lGih and l.'G'-h sections
of land to which our State w:uld be
eoti-.e d, and ihe five per cent, in cjs'i
of the net proceeds, of the sales of our
public lands, would more than pay the
evpenses of supporting the public schools
without taxing the people a single dol
lar. In this one item then, we would
have the whole amount of our ad.li'io:)
al expense sa ved to thp State. B it this
is only a mall part of ihe appropria
tions that won! 1 le made io the S ate.
She would at ence be entitled to die
sections of land, wi h the ptoeeods if
which to build up and end nv a State
University; oO.fMJU arr1- of hint! for ihe
erection of a State Penitentiary; a large
appropriation for the er ci m ot a State
capitol building; D-'),0C0 acres w.. u! J be
donated to support an agricultural co!
leire, and seventy-two sections, or over
1(,0U0 acres, for the -erection of ma
chinery for the manufacture of salt.
This last item alone, if properly applied,
ought to" go' far towards defraying the
whole expense of an ecu jouncai State
government. In addition to these do
nations, we might reasonably expect to
receive the uual giants of lind, given
to new States, for internal improve
ments, and the swamp land for the im
provement of the counties. These
lands would, in my oplni-ui, if judii ious
ly selected now, while fir.-t class ljuds
are suljct to be taken under such
grants, more than compensate the State
for all the ex rti expense she can rea
sonably be subjected to, in consequence
of the ch.inge of form cf government.
While I have called your attcn'i on to
a few of the advantages which I le
lieve would grow out of a change of
government, and while I have the as
surances of many of the mo-t intelli
gent and influential men of both politi
cal parlies that the people of the Terri
tory are anxious to have this subject
acted upon at as early a day as praetic
able, yet I would in no wise wish to be
understood as urging this subject upon
you, cr in any way dilating tu what
manner you shall proceed to present the
subject to the people. A constitution,
by whatever body or Ly whomsoever
made, whether ly the Legi-Iature or
by a constitutional convention, ought am!
must, before it takes effect, be submit
ted to a fair arid direct vote of the peo
ple, so that ihey can have the opportu
nity to adopt or reject it as tl.ey may
think best. With this safe-guard left
in their hand--, you will of ccur-e feel
yourselves privileged to take such ae
i , ,. ,
I tlon u?)n ,,ie subject as you may f.-ei
at passers ty, and disgusting all who.
were aware of the position he disgraced.
I
1 ' - i