Nebraska advertiser. (Brownville, Nemaha County, N.T. [Neb.]) 1856-1882, July 28, 1881, Image 2
A City of Slaughter. Now and tliun I got up to watch tlio slaughtering at tlio abattoirs of La Villotlo. In that qmirtur of Paris, just at the edgo of tlio city and soparat od from it by tlio broad canal, nro hHuhL od tlio groat abattoirs in which aro killed and prepared for market all the moats eaten in Paris. These abattoirs form a city in theniHelvoH, having their broad avenues and cross-streets, with their own police and lire department, a military guard and a special or.lroi to collect the city tax on the meat as fast as it is carried out of the gates into Paris. There are several thousand butchers employed then!. Among those alert and stalwart butchers who sing and laugh as they rush through their work there aro some who attract atten tion from the fact that they do not pro coed as do the others. Thoso aro the Jewish sacrilieers. There aro four of them hL the central abattoir. They are, according to usao, designated or ap pointed by tlio Grand Rabbi alter a previous examination, for there are for them certain formulas to observe, and, jis wo know, the Israelitish race does not easily soparalo itself from its old customs. Every animal intended for tlio nourishment of the Jews must be killed by the cutting of its throat, and cannot, under any pretext whatever, bo pre viously stunned or knocked in the head. This method, which pertains to the re ligious customs of tlioir faith, is criti cised by many people having other forms of belief as being cruel. As soon ns the beast Is dead it must be opened and examined with uare, for if it is im pure, it cannot be delivered to the poo j)lw of God. Leviticus, chapter .xii., iu.is enumerated all the causes which de maud the rejection of incut intended for food. Formerly tlio Jews never ate tho thigh of animals, as a remembrance ol tho wrestling of .Jacob with tho angel nt Penuol, wlioii Jacob had his thigh bone put out of joint by tho being with whom he contended. As is said in Genesis, chapter xxii., orso ;)2, "And foi this cause, oven unto this day, the children of Israel eat not of tho tendon which is found at the joint of tho hip, because he (the angel) touched tho hip of .Jacob." Tho Italian Jews were tho fust who violated this injunction and ate of the forbidden tendon, and iimw no portion of tlio animal is abandoned to tho Christians. The animal about to be sacrificed must bo, according to tho ancient usages of Jows, fastened together by its four feet, in remembrance of the manner in which Isaac was hound by his father, Abra ham, upon tho altar of twigs to bo .saorilicod. When the animal is firmly lixod to the ring tho butcher passes a running slip-noose to each of tho front logs; tlio cord is attached to a ropo worked by a windlass; by two revolu tions of tlio wheel the animal Is thrown on tho ground, extended upon its side. A butcher places ono kneo on its shoulder, seizes it by tho horns and draws tho head violently backward. As you stand witnessing one of those spec tacles you tliink involuntarily of tho piooos of sculpture commemorative of worship of Mythras. Meanwhile tho slicoris standing by; ho holds his (fam in his hand. This is a cutlass with a very short handle, a long, straight blade, rounded at tho jioint. Ho runs care fully his nail twice across the edge, in order to assure himself that it is not nicked, for tho Jows believe Unit if tho blade should have a nick, no matter how slight it might bo, the ani mal might be trightonod, and in that event tlio blood would become coagu lated in the heart from whence it would not How. The suc.rijiculcur advances then; as ho approaches ho should say montally, "Blessed bo tho Lord God, who hast judged us worthy of his pre cepts and hast proscribed to us tho slaughtering." As ho roaches tho ani mal lie stoops down, seizes the dewlap, and with a single stroke cuts his throat; ho springs backward instantly to avoid the jot ot blood which spouts forth, ho vises up and twice again passes his thumb-nail across the edgo of his knifo to assure himself that ho has not touched tho spinal column, for in that event tho meat would bo impure. I do not know if it was a matter of chance, but all the animals which 1 saw sacri ficed thus wore turned in tho direction of the oast, tho ideal direction towards which so many religious beliefs incline unknown to themselves and under vari ous pretexts, as if thoy still retained souvenirs of tho worship of the sun. Cor. San Francisco Chronicle. Past and Present. Thoro is a good doal of harmless prattlo about tho suporior health, tho strength, and tho wisdom of our groat- ?randfathors and groat-grandmothors. t is a common thing to hoar old peo ple, who ought to nave hotter sonso, talking about tho good old tunes and tho higher mental and physical ability of those who lived long ago. While wo havo groat respect for tho old folks, living and deail, wo must not shut our oyos to tho reality. Tho truth is that pooplo llvo longer now than ever thoy did. Tho medical profession knows nioro now than over it did; and wo -jould put into tho iiold to-day a bigger ttrmy of centenarians than our grand father could in the good old davs when thoy wore young. Moreover, o'ld poo- I io now aro union more vigorous than ,lip old people of timos past. Our noo- olo aro growing larger and stronger. It h not so many years since tho Ameri can woman was a slight, dolicato creature; now sho is tall and portly. Tho numbers of siugularly tall and woH- iroportiouod young men and womon to io soon in tho streets of Now York to day astonish tho old follows who re member tho boys and girls forty or fifty yours ago. Somo persons imagluo that this Incroaso in sizo is confined to tho childron of our forolgn-borii citizens; but this is a great mistake, for the in creased growth is general. Certainly the mixture of races may have some thing to do with it, but whatever bo tho cause, it is a fact plainly to bo seen by any observer. Tho greatest known feats of physical strength and onduriui'O aro recorded to tho credit of the young men of this ago; and, indeed, it is hardly too much to assert that the greatest runners, the greatest walkers, the greatest jumpers, the greatest swimmers, tho greatest oarsmen, the greatest weight-lifters, the greatest gymnasts, the greatest boxers, the greatest fencers, and tho heaviest men that ever lived aro among the living of to-day. There seems to bo a universal increase in the growth of humanity. Tho height, tho chest meas urement, and the weight of the soldiers of the immense armies of Europe of the present time aro at least as great as they were among tho picked moil of the much smaller European armies of iifty years past, clearly showing that tho average man of to-day is as biir and as strong as tho picked man of long ago. Tho fact stares us in the face that the grown-up sons and daughters of the old people of this country are, as a rule, bigger anil stronger than tlioir fathers and moth ers were. An ordinary-sized English man Huds considerable difficulty in squeezing himself into the armor of one of the Norman conquorors of his coun try; but what could ono of our Western farmers do with it? Certainly ho could pick it up and look at il, but that is all. Wo havo great respect for tho mem ory ot our grandfathers and great grandfathers, as well as for our grand mothers ami great-grandmothers, but wo cannot afford to delude ourselves witJi ideas and notions that facts and ligures sot aside. People aro inclined to overestimate tho moasuro of wisdom and ability of tho grand old follows of diisgonoby. It is an amiable fault, but still a fault; because tho truth is not so. N. Y. Sun. , Perils of Llghtning-Roil Men. "Yos," chimed in tho. manufacturer of lightning rods who sat by, "it is risky somo times. Tho worst job I ever had done was tho roddmg of tho Cen tral Presbyterian Church in Fifty-seventh Streot, near Eighth Avenue. Thoy wouldn't havo it done when tho steeple was put up, when it would havo boon easy, but after tho lightning had given thorn ono light touch, then they wanted it lixod up immediately. It would havo cost $1.00 to put up scaffold ing to do tho work safely then, but thoy would not pay that added sum, or anything like it. The best thoy would do was tweuty-livo dollars, and it was a puzzlo to know how Wo could do it for that. J. II. Turn or, tho most daring and expert climber in tho business, probably, took the job. Ho went up tho inside of tlio steoplo as far as ho could, forty feet from tho roof, and there poked out through two holes a couple of scantlings, on which ho fast ened a board. On that board ho sot up a couple ot scantlings with cleats nailed across thoin like a laddor, nail ing them on as ho went up, and nailing other scantlings on to tho ends of those when he got to the top. There was no possibility of fastening that ladder to tlio steoplo until ho got up whore tho steeple was so slim that he could throw a ropo around it and tio it. It was simply leaned against tho smootli-slated side of the steeple. A pull of wind or a careless movement out of balance would havo hurled him down. In that way ho worked his way up sixty feet from tho point where ho started his ladder about 100 from tho roof, ami say 160 from tho ground, ltmakos my blood run cold to think of it. 1 wouldn t have attempted it for anything in tho world. But he did it safely, lixod tho rod, took down his laddor again, and fastened the slates ingeniously from tho inside over tlio holes made for his scantlings, leaving all as good as be fore. This was in September, 1878, " Another timo Turner had to go up to put a lightning rod on a chimney stack up town. It was necessary to ilo tho work on Sunday, so as not to intor foro with tho iiring up of tho works. When ho got thoro on Sunday morning tho chimney was full of gases and smoko from tho lire still bedded down bolow, and almost roil hot. Thoy threw wator on tho lire and wailed several hours, but still tho boat was intense and tho gases stilling. To get up ho would havo to ascond inside the stack by iron bars, like staples, fastoned in tho wall all tho way up, after tho fashion of a laddor. Ho wrapped rags around his hands so that tho bars should not bum them, and started. Half way to tho top ho felt his forces giving way. Tho gases and boat woro stilling him. Ho just managed to descend without fall ing. After a long rest ho tried it again. Iho walls woro still so hot that tho rags on his hands crumbled. Wlion ho got to tho top, 160 foot from tho ground, ho had barely strength enough loft to throw himself on his breast on tho edgo, with his head and arms hanging over in tho fresh air ousido. and his logs dangling inside. Thoro he hung for an hour before ho could move. Then ho hauled up tackle, made it fast, hauled up tho rod, attached it, lowered tho tackle, descended insido tho stack nguia, and tho job was done. Rut it was at tho risk of his life. A'. X. Sun. Thoro is such a bad fooling among tho Chicago editors that they vofuse to drink boor at each other's expense. This, wo bolievo, is what is called a Chicago vendetta. Atlanta Constitution. Children nt tlio Tabic. Among tho upper and middle classes of English society the practice of iso lating children from the general family life is much in voguo. Thoy havo tlioir nurses and governesses, aro kept much in tho open air, and spend more timo in tho country than in tho city. What ever dissipation tho London season may bring to their elders, the effects do not reach the childron. Tlio little ones havo their full amount of sleep, and cat by themselves and not with tho family, while tlioir food is plainer than that upon tho tables of tlioir fathers and mothers. To some otont this custom roaches to tho lower classes. A Gorman child, on tho contrary, sits or stands at tho table with his oldors and consumes his full share of food anil drink, while frequently very little at tention is paid to decorous manners. A few American families, who havo wealth sullloiont to afford a largo reti nue of servants, accustom their chil dren to tho same table habits at least as do the upper English classes. Yet to have a child's tablo is far from being tho American style. Somo sensible fathors and mothers, while permitting tlioir little ones at the samo tablo as themselves, do restrict them to plainer food; and demand of them a quiet de meanor while in the breakfast or dining room. To strictly carry out this system requires vigilance on the part of the parent, and no little solf-donial on that of the child. To bo constantly watch ing the movements of little folks will more or loss break up tho harmony of tho meal, and to place palatable food boforo a child, of which it may not par take, is a frequent causo of demands and concessions annoying in tlio ex treme This can bo avoided by having tho children served in tlio nursery a half hour or more before the family moal, and if it is impracticable to hifo attendant!), tho mother herself can sit at their tablo and servo them. Possibly this arrangement might servo as an aid to check the rampant growth of "Young Americanism," of which wo hoar so much. Such a suggestion will undoubtedly shock many oxeollout parents, who lirmly believe in little ladies and little gentlemen. But old heads on young shoulders are so much tho fashion that tlio stylo is becoming somewhat stilted, and the ohouout of roverenco is fast beconi'iig unlimited from tlio typical American naractor. Childron ought to bo iildrou, and not miniaturo men and w men. and iso lation tends to keep th' i so. Even at their own tablo their m .unci's should bo carefully watched, and all tendencies to greediness or ill-temper quickly checked. If impossible or undesirable, for any reason, to make this family arrange ment, then tho children's place and rights and tho family tablo should bo carrofully respected. and a quiet, re spectful deportment insisted upon. " Bibs aro all but iiooessary for little folks. Thoy should bo large and tio about the neck with tapes. Brown or white linen of coarse texture make serviceable ones, or thoy can bo made of gingham. Ceroids, milk and fruit should form a largo sharo of their food, though there aro exceptional cases in which moat in considerable quantity may bo eaten with benolit by tho child. l'Vosh berries or canned or stowed fruit is always preferable to preserved, and sweet baked apples invaluable. Simply cooked oaten moal, wheaten grits, hominy, rice, etc., and plenty of milk in sufficient quantity to satisfy hunger should never bo denied u growing child. To ono whoso appetite has not bocomo perverted, the wants or desires for food may bo safely consulted, both as to quality and quant itv. Habit will usually engender a regularity of ap petite, yet a plato of graham crackers and somo fruit placed on a sido-tablo, and permission given to tho child to partake of if very hungry, is not alto gether a bad plan. And, judiciously trained, a child will not abuso tho privilege. Christian at Work. Fruit. Whatever the choiuical process that converts sour fruit to sweet may be, it forms a pleasant and refreshing diet when eaten in propor quantities at proper times. It oorts a greater in fluence upon tho young members of mankind tliau upon the maturo, because tho mucous membrane of tho food canal is more suscoptiblo to all influences in the ono than tho othor, and so seriously disturbs the health of infancy, oven if taken in vory modorato quantities and at regular intervals of time. It does not possess much nutritious valuo. Its per centage of tissue-making elements is very small, so that its chief valuo as sources of nutrition, must consist of groups of non-nitrogonous materials, as starch, eano sugar, grape sugar, gum and pectino, and all usotul elements in tho animal oconomy. Its acids and salts correct tho bad health inducod by dried moats or those that havo boon preserved by common salt and con sumed during a long period of timo. In various other ways good, sound fruit, taken in proporquantities and at propor timos, is healthy for all but tho young est members of tho human family. Stale, decaying fruits do an immense amount of harm. Green and over-rino I fruits aro nearly as disastrous to health. I Their ohoapness tompts the poor to purchase them, so that what this class do not pay in cash thoy pay in maladies mil uasuy coiuruiiHii. All, but particularly childron, who can get sound, matured fruit should eat a roasonablo amount each day ami not a largo amount on ono day ami nono upon tho next; but oat it when wo may, tho harder sorts neod thorough masti cation, so that thoy may bo readily and easily digested. Some fruits contain free acids that chango tho condition of the bowels from eostivoness to loose ness a change that many persons need. JivVJI IWJV4. JVJl lll'UlJJll 11IIIIK1 t,U!UIMU 1 .largo amount of acids, that are restless anil riotous, showing a strong Inclina tion to ferment and disturb tlio waste canal. Thoy form new chemical asso ciates and oroato more disease and suf fering than physicians can always chock. Fruit comes with heat, so that wo are hot always sure, in hot seasons of tho year, whothor it is heat or an excessive amount of fruit that invites much suffering to como and stay. Wo are now proparod to answer tho question often asked, aro fruits healthy? In adults and youth, the proper use of ripe fruit does conduce to health. An exclusive diet on fruit cannot meet tho wants of the human body. Tho amount of nutriment is very small. The acids of mature fruits arc not nutritious, but thoy correct the bad condition of tho bowels in hot seasons of tho year. Thoy aro largely composed of water, that is often needed to cleanso the food canal and the various duets of excre tion and thus promoto health and growth. Few, it any, fruits aro con sumed for their healthy quality. Thoy aro ohiolly consumed to gratify tho ap petite but never to supply the moans of growth and strength. A fow fruits, growing in tho torrid .one, may yield somo plastic matter for building up tho tissues. In hot seasons, somo acidulous fruits aro cooling and refreshing and so aro useful to all who aro under the in lluenco of somo inflammatory malady. To this class of fruits belong grapes and oranges that tho sick, in their last extremity, may safely take. Tho great harm that fruit may do consists in con suming much on ono day and none upon tho next. The wise and useful way of consuming fruit is to give a small amount every day, and avoid thoso sorts that do not usually suit. All changes of diet are attended with somo risk of disturbing tho stomachs and bowols of infants. A mother should considor tho condition of tho bowols at the timo when fruit is given and gradu ate tlio quantity accordingly, recollect ing that nearly all fruits are somewhat relaxing to tho alimentary canal. Even infants may have fruit 'when properly proparod. Boasted apples may bo profitably given in habitual constipa tion. Apples stowed and mingled with light bread aro often useful in tho samo condition. Raw apples scraped or thinly sliced easily digest and benolit tlio bowels. Prairie Farmer. Tho Grain Weevil. The weovil (Calamlra granaria), fa miliarly known as wheat weevil, grain weevil and barn weovil. preys upon all kinds of grain in tho bin and tlio corn crib. This weovil being quite small, is liable to bo overlooked, particularly in a dark bin. Its mode of operation con sists in piercing minute holes in tlio kernel and thoro depositing its eggs, from which aro hatched small maggots that eat out tho heart of the grain. Tho danger makes itself apparent by a minute white dust spread over tho grain and a peculiar odor that perme ates the bins. On pressing a kernel between the lingers it crushes readily, exposing a more shell partially tilled with dust instead of a round, plump grain. When possible avoid storing grain in bins that'have been infected. When it is inconvenient to change tho place of storage fumigate tho granary thorough ly with burning sulphur. Fumigation should not only be done boforo the grain is placed in tho bins, but repeated in the course of a month or two after it has been stored. The larva; of tho weevils that aro in tho grain may bo destroyed by heating tlio grain where ono has ovous or kilns at hand for tho purpose. A lit tle kerosene oil poured into a tight barrel with grain is said to destroy tho weovils, but this courso is practicable when tho grain is required for seed only, as tho koroseno injures it for making Hour. In addition to tho precautions mentioned is that of changing tho place of storage to a cool locality and fre quently moving tho grain from bin to bin. Tho grain weevil is often confounded with the lame of tho corn moth that also attacks stored grain, and with tho orange-colored maggots of tho wheat lly that aro found in the ears of tho grow ing wheat. Tho true wheat or grain wee vil is a slender beetle about ono-oighth of an inch long. This insect both in tho beotlo and the grub stato injures grains. As has already been explained, the female deposits hor oggs in tho grain after it is housed, and tlio young grubs hatchod therefrom burrow into tho heart of tho kernel. In due timo thoso grubs undergo transformation and como out of the hulls in tho beetlo to lay tlioir eggs for another brood. To recapitulate, when possible avoid storing grain in bins that havo been infested with this post. If said bins must bo omployed, fumigate thoroughly with burning sulphur. If there aro indications of tho pest's presonce, kiln dry tho wheat and destroy thom.--.tf'. Y. World. Cherries intended to bo dried must bo lirst stoned, spread on Hat dishes and dry them in the sun or warm oven; pour whatever juice may run from thorn over thorn, a littlo at a timo; stir them about that thoy may dry evenly. When perfectly dry lino boos or jars with whito paper and pack close in layers; strow a littlo brown sugar and fold tho top of the paper over them and keep in a dry, swcot place "I'll join you presently," ns tlin minister said to to the young couplo as ho went for tho church key. Hotol waitors havo begun to gather in tho "summer quarters" of boarders. tho " Til"' j0i Stories Told by a Lightning-Rod Mini; All"htnhig-rod man came down to Undo JJaniol Drew once, with a note from somo professor at the theological college that ho was interested in, sug gesting that the college should bo rodded. 'What will it cost?' asked Uncle Daniel. 'I cannot say, positive ly,' said tho man, ' until I havo meas ured it; but it may bo a3 much ii3$100, or possibly, oven $500.' 'Oh! That's all right; go ahead.' said Undo Daniel, and ho gave him a written order. The work was done and tho bill was scut in for 1,900. Undo Daniel declared that ho wouldn't pay it; that the man who took tho order said it would bo only $400 or $500. Ahl' replied tho bland gentleman who camo to collect, wo cannot be responsible for tho mistakes and bad judgment of our employes.' Uncle Daniel had to send a man to the college to sec if thoy had actually put up as many feet of rod as they claimed. Ho found the building overlaid with rods until it looked as if it was in a big cage That professor would not lot him dig to ascertain what tho ground connections were, but ho did pull up one ground rod on tho sly, and found at the bottom of a deep holo eighteen feet of rod coiled up. Uncle Daniel eventually paid the bill, but I nevci heard of his buying any more lightning rods. "It will not do to bo too economical in ground connections, however, as that Egyptian ollicial was who put n lightning rod on his powder magazine, but deemed it nousonso to carry it down to the ground, tho result of which was that on tho occasion of tho first thun der storm that magazine was spread over about forty acres of ground, mow or loss, and his faith in lightning rods was forever blasted. "I nover heard of a lightning-rod man getting tho worst of a job except in ono case, and I don't vouch for the truth of that. It is said that ono of tho craft drove up in front of a lino now and large house out West and told a man who was reading at the door that ho ought to have lightning rods on his house Tho man said'ho hadn't thought about it. Then the peddlersaid, 'Have you any objection to my putting up a rod on this corner?' 'No,' the man said, 'I havo not.' And, as tho ped dler's wagon was right behind him, tho expert climber had the rod up in a few minutes. 'Now,' said ho, 'that corner is safe,' addressing the man, who was still reading; ' but lightning might como along and knock blank's delights out of one of tho other corners. Havo you any objection to my putting up a rod on each of them?' And tho quiet reader looked up from his paper and said that he hadn't any objection. When tho job was done tho peddler presented his bill. 'What's this?' said tho man, yawning and folding up his paper. 'Bill, for tho rods,' explained the peddler ' Rods! 1 didn't order any rods!' 'Why, certainly you did.' 'Not at all. Jonly said I had no objection to your putting them up. And I hadn't. This is tho County Court-House. I don't oven livo in this county. Of course I had no ob jections." N. Y. Sun. Brother Gardner Explains. "Doorin' do pas' week," said the President of the Limekiln Club, "I have received scores of letters axin' mo if I am do Gardner who has lately bin 'looted President of Liberia. I de" siro to say right heah dat I am not do pusson. It am simply a cueincidenco of names." "L'ueincidence?" queried tho Rev. Penstock, as tho President paused. "Yes, sah, cucincidence. sab!" "I 1 begs your pawdon, Mill, but am "Bruddor Ponstonk." snlil tlw old man, in very solemn tones, "do penalty fur intorruptiu dis Cha'r when lumm talkin' am a line of six hundred dollars. You have bin guilty of dis olfense mo' dan twenty times, an' nuflin but my respoet fur your cloth has prevented de enforcement of dat penalty." ',' But I desired to k'rect do language of do Cha'r. Do Cha'r said cueinci donce." "K'rect do language of dis Cha'r! What has language got to do wid our purecediiis heah? Sartinly I said it was a cuoineidenco of names. What am wrong about dat? Doan' euoincidences happen obory day? Doan' wo hear of doni in obory ishuo of de papers? Can't we fin' dem on obory street co'ner?" " Yos, sir; but " "Bruddor Penstock, sot down sot down wid all yor might! Doyou'sposc do President of dis club has stood still an' let de world move away from him since ho was 'lected? Not much, sah! I am free to acknowledge dat sich words as " carnivorous" an' "capilli'ay" strotehed out a rod long in my oyes lo' y'ars ago; but whar' am doy now? Why, sah, I could sit down wid you in do mawnin' an' spell do hull day on sich words as "contemporaneously," " bituminously" and "authenticity," an' not sweat a ha'r! Doan' omagino, sah, dat you has got all de eadiciishun in do kontry. Yourtoof look white, an' you keep yer ha'r well Hod, but do ca lamitous infringement artistically por trayed towards do indefatigable seques tration may havo a carboniferous under standing!" Penstock wilted. In twonty-ono sec onds ho lost seven pounds of fat and all his conlidonco, and it will bo a low timo boforo ho rocovers from the aviT lanohe Choors greeted tho President's grand. finis, and somo ono took advantage- of tho oxcitemont to hit tho sleep ing Elder Toots full in tho mouth with a musty banana. Detroit Free Press. A girl diod in Springfield, Mass., recontly from brain disease, and the at tending physician has roturned as tho first cause of her doath, "tho graded school system;" second, meningitis. I 1 . . y i