Fcrlllilut; Land-Wlth IllustrntloiiB. So lon us olroumstanocs niter oases It will ho ntlcr folly to luy down any cast Iron law with regard to fertilizers. Hero, if anywhere, a man needs an uduoaled common hoiic, anil needs It to an uueominnn doL'ioo. I havo a friend who owns a iarijo farm, prin cipally dovotod to growing Nlock. Ho vory naturally, and as I believe oorroet ly, Hpruads nearly all tho manuro ujion tlio grass land. Hut liow dons lio do it? His hirod men haul it out and spread it at tho rato of fifteen to twenty largo loads per aero. Much of it can hardly ho called sproud; it la thrown oil", a largo forkful, or nearly so, in a plaee, and loft in that position. Tho result is that thoro aro many snots of say twolvo inohos square, and often moro than that, whoro no grass can posssibly grow. Immediately around this minia ture hoau there will bo an extra irrowth of large coarse grass or hay that is not I airroeablo to stoek and notprolitablo to . the owner. If thoro woro but now and 4 lien Htieh a spot, it would be a small matter; but when there aro hundreds of thorn upon each aero it Ih really u vory Horious matter to tho farmer, who is al most universally short of manure. It may bo said in defense of this, that tho manure is there and the land gets the beuollt of it; and sooner or later tho result will bo seen in tho crops. All this may be true to a certain extent; but we do not wish to wait two or three years for what wo might havo this com inir season. Where labor is seareo and high. It is possible that, all things considered, it may be best to haul from the barnyard and spread directly on the land. In mich cases, unless J had plenty of it, 1 woidd not put more than eight to ton loads per acre, and then would be snro that it is spread as evenly as possible; it costs but HtHo to havo a man or boy go over and spread evenly after tho teams have loft it. Whoro labor is plenty and reasonably cheap, I am satisfied that it would bo a better plan 1o haul tho manure out into a heap, and, if it is not composted, let it do ay and then work It over and havo it tiuilloiently lino to handle with a shovel or our six-tinod forks. If treated in tlds manner, six to eight loads per uere, well and evenly spread, will give a much bettor rosult, and a more im mediate one, than tho one above noted. Other, and somo very good, farmers think it bettor to plow all manuro un der, and my early reading upon this subject was, plow (loop ana plow your manure under; no matter if it is cov ered deep, tho plants will find it. Near twenty years sineo, I was break ing up a piece of heavy turf. Upon a portion of it 1 put some very rieh manure, anil plowed it under not less than eight and perhaps nearly ton inches (loop. Tho other part of tho iiold had no manure. I am watching yet for somo rosult from tho manure ho duo ply buried, but never oxpoot to see any. This little circumstance set mo to thinking and experimenting, witii results about as follows: L am perfectly satisfied that by bury ing manure too doop it has not been worth as much to meny many hundreds f dollars as it would have boon if 1 had nised it as 1 am now doing. In this I 3iin by no moans couiiued to my own experiments. I havo seen the biuiio teaching in many cases. A number of years sineo a farmer, one of tho class of wlncli wo unfortunatoly havo too many, had reached tho point whoro ho had to move either his manure or his barn, and concluded to move tho former. It was dry hot weather. It had been paekod for years, and was broken up, hauled out, and thrown upon the ground in largo lumps, somo of thom as largo as a pock measure. Tho land was a heavy clay and Very dry. It was plowed while in this "condition; and of course broke up in large hard lumps larger than the lumps of manuro which they woro supposed to cover. Tho land was sown with wheat, and tho crop, of course, a failure, i liavo watched that ,Yicco of laud to this day, and it seems to mo tliM the farmer might just as well havo had his manure buried under the pyramids. I could if necessary men tion other instances whoro 1 havo seen vory rieh manure buriod so doop that there was no visiblo olToot ovon when the limit was well cultivated. Thoro are somo cases wnoro l would plow under coarso manure, in fact I do so more or loss every year, but never bury 11 so deep but what tho noxt season's plowing will bring it all to tho surface ugain. Upon somo soils, remarkable results aro produced by plowing under somo vory coarso manure or oven straw. Somo yeaiH since a merchant remarked to mo: "You farmers say that dry wheat straw is worthless as a manuro' I replied that ohomical analysis Bhowod drv straw to contain but a very small .amount of fertilizing matter. "Well," ho retorted, "throo or four years sineo I put a stack of dry straw in tho fur Tows of a Hold that I was having .plowed; it did not hold out for tho en 'tire pioco, but tho portion of it where tho straw was put has producod vory much larger crops than tho romaindor of tho Hold, and is in vory muoh bettor condition in all respects. Now bow do you account for this if tho straw has not acted as a fortili.orP" Fortunate ly I was well acquainted with that Held; it was an exceedingly rieh pioco of land; a heavy black loam, with a sub soil of stiff clay almost as impervious to water as a stone jug. Tho loam was trnnorallv a bod of black mortar in tho . spring, and baked like bricks in tho summer. Of courso it had not been drained. 1 ropliod to him: "Your land was vory rich, and tho effect of that . largo amount of straw was simply mo. ohanical. It loosenod tho soil, kept it from baking in summer, and. in short, jmt the land in suoh u condition that tho growing crops could draw their necessary supply of food from the abundance tho land already contained. It made loose and fine what before was packed and hard.1' Ho admitted that I was right. Now suppose I had con oludedfrom this experiment of hh that dry wheat straw was tho th'nir for crops, and had collected and plowed uiuler a large coat of it upon some of my land, which is quite sandy with a subsoil of fine white plastering sand. Tho rosult instead of a benefit would havo been ruin to my crops, from tiie fact that tho soil is already loose ami porous, and needs to bo made moro compact and solid, instead of the oppo site,,. II. Smith, in K Y. Tribune. Tho Culture or tho Potato. Around all largo cltlos, and indeed near any plaeo which offers a cheap route to market, potato culture is ono of tho most prolitablo employments; and though much has been written about it, it is doubtful whether wo vot know what is tho best way of going about it. .Just now wo havo boforo us a state ment that our regular farm way of growing them is all wrong, which wo very muoh doubt, though it might bo a truth to say that wo can do bottor. Hut then wo aro not sure tho way proposed is bottor. Wo aro told that to grow the potato well we should haul tho manure out in September and plow it in. In early spring plow again, and puton about throo hundred pounds of uiileaehed ashos, ground bones and guano. Thou harrow and Jant. 'J his requires three plowings, beside tho harrowings, and wo much doubt whether the inoreaso of the crop, if any, would be enough to cover the difference in cost over our present single plowing system. Iloro ono can take a pioco of old sod, manuro it well with slaolo manuro, and plant the potatoes at tho same plowing, and the best and healthiost crops lollow. Tho ground is well harrowed after planting, and that is all not half that proposed while tho crops are all that could bo expootod. Tho manuro for this purpose is generally preferred to bo not well rotted-strawy manure is the way farmers express it. Often it is so long that a boy follows tho plow and rakes it in for the next furrow-slice to cover. Yet our essayist tells us that rough manuro is the worst possible for tho potato, as one may suppose by tho recommendation to use bone dust and guano. It is probablo that different climates will havo much to do with what is bot in potato oulturo; and this may bo es pecially true as regards the kind of ma nure to use. Ab wo have said, hero in Pennsylvania wo lind no better potato fertilizer than half-rotten stablo manure, while farther south -thoy raise excellent potatoes by simply covering tho pota toes y a deep mass ot straw, without any other manuro or earth covering; and it may bo that farther north or west vory woll-dccayed manuro ma' bo bottor still. To show how muoh climato has to do with tho best system of potato culture, wo need only rofor to tho rocommonda tion to plow potato ground in tho fall of tho year. Mow, m tins part ot tho world, wo lind that tho host results fol low when tho potato is planted early; and especially is this likoly to bo tho case since the advent of the potato beetle, which Is generally more de structive to the lato than to tho early crops. Hut in this part of tho world a fall plowing means in most cases two weeks later in tho spring, unless tho land is vory loose, and iiormits tho plowed land to bo as close as if there woro no furrow slices mado. In sod land, whoro the slices lio at an angle against eacli other, the frost penetrates io nearly uouoio mo uopiu n uoos in unplowod land; and those very spaces prevent tho warm spring sun's action, which in ordinary cases soon takos tho frost out of tho ground. It is the ex perience of ovory f armor in this region, and especially in sod land, that tall plowing makes at least two weeks' dif ference in tho timo at which it can bo worked, and this is no mean item in tho success of an early planting of tho po tato crop. It hooins then that In potato culture, equally applicable to all, the proper method of culturo takes rank with the question of tho proper variety of potato to plant; it is a local question, and one must bo guided in the selection by tho peculiar circumstances of tho Gcrmantown ('.) Tekyraph. ease. lteproiliicliiff tho Colors of Nature. Thoy say it has boon accomplished at last. French chemists, it is claimed, can take photographs in which aro re produced tho colors as woll as the form of tho object. This has always boon ono of tho possibilities of tho photo graph. Tho negative at lirst does ac tually roproduco color as woll as lorm, and if it could be kept in a vory dark room tho shades would not die out. Hut up to this timo it has been impos sible to lind a mordant that would ron dor tho colors permanent. " Llko tho miow-llnko on tho rlvor, A moniunt scon, then K"no foruvur." What a marvelous change it would make if tho camera could give us uaturo in all it hues. Tho photographer to day docs sad injustice to many charm ing women. A classic outlino, no mat tor what the complexion, takes woll in an ordinary portrait. Hut those dear little blonde women with tiptiltod noses, charming complexions, all grace and vivacity, thoy are orucilicd by tho photographer. Lot us hail tho French discoverer, and crown him with laurels. Tho pretty women who look ugly in photographs ought to, in some way, shower benefactions upon him. Dario fcsCs Monthly. Our Young Headers. A HOOD-BY TO WtNTlill. Tho moiiilnw-liwotts iiro full, mid busy (JcttliiK Wintorcjir to nan: III tiunks of lew, nil imciccil Mini ready, Aro stiinclliiK utiilur ovory trot-. Ilia ovorcont", woll airoi! nml Mmkrn, Aid ilimulliiK fropi ciil'Ii dripping hough; For ho litis Muvi'il till iiwrtitlon, Ami .Spring fs right upon him now! Vo, hurry up. old Wlntor, hurry! Hiiiiutlino, wo hope, you IIcmuio nsrnln; Ilut liorc Is Hprlnif, hi Ptii'h it Hurry, Kot'phiK buck her Htoros ol ruin I Ve, ifood-hy, Kood-hy, old follow! Willi your ofiiiMihitf, skntiiiir. fun: Hi Ini? Homo moro hy noxt JH'O'Miilior, Whon tlin Kii tinner duytf nro iloiio. Wlint's tho mutter, pretty Sprlmr-tlnio? AIwiijr wi'oplnjr? tjotiiu would miy You uro roxt'il, bucnuao old Wlntur Alwiiyn lingers lu your wiiy. Woll. ho'fl oiri Tho hrooki hnvo started! Now Iho lilnM cun como mid Hlng. 8o welcome to tho hnppj-lioitrted, l.miKliliig, budding, gcninl Sprluir! Mrn. S. (J. Sdmr, in youth' U iinitanton. GUTTING OUT SAW-LOUS. All boys and girls know that boards aro made of sawod log?, and that logs aro trunks of troos. Kow, however, know with what hardship and difficulty the trees aro felled, trimmed and car ried from the woods where they grow to tho mills where they aro made into boards. In the far West and in tho wilds of Maine are acros upon acres, and milo upon miles, of evergreen forests. Ono wooded tract in Maine is so vast that it takes an army of choppers twenty years to cut it over. Hy tho time it is done a new growth has sprung up, and an in termediate one is largo enough to out; so tho chopping goes on year alter year. Tho lirst or primeval growth is pine. That is most valuable. After tho pino aro cut, spruce and hemlock spring up and grow. Most of tiie men who live in the vicin ity of the lake region work in the woods in tho winter. Thoy camp in tents and log huts near tho tracts whoro they aro foiling troos. All day long, day after dayT week after week, thoy chop down such trees as aro largo enough to cut, lop off the branches and haul the logs to the nearest water. This work is done in winter because the Ions aro more easily managed over snow ' and ice. All brooks largo enough to carry them, all rivers, ponds and lakes j aro pressed into service and mado to convoy the ponderous freight towards civilization. All along the shores and in tho woods aro busv scones men, oxen and horses hard at work, the smoke from the logging camps curling among tho troos. Every log has the initial or mark of tho owner chonnod dooo into the wood to identify it. Then, when tho ice i breaks up, the logs aro sont dow the JWli tho brooks to the rivers aud through tho rivers to tho lakes. Tho logging camps aro disbanded, tho loggers return to their homes, and the river-drivers alono aro left to begin their duties. The river-drivers arc the men who travel with tho logs from tho beginning of thoir journey till thoy aro surrender ed to tho saw-mills. Each wears shoes tho soles of which aro thickly studded with iron brads an inch long: and each carries along polo called a nick-polo," which has a strong sharp-pointed iron spike in tho end. This thoy drivo into the wood, and it supports and stcadios them as tboy spring from log to log. Thoir lirst duty is to collect "the drive." Tho logs which form "tho drivo" aro packed together and hold in place by a chain of guard-logs which stretches entirely around tho drive, formin-g what is called "tho boom." The guard-logs are chained together at tho ends about two foot apart. Tho guard is always much larger than tho boom of logs, so that tho s'hapo of the boom may be changed for wide or nar row waters. And the Jioad of each boom is a raft which supports two largo windlasses, each of which works an anchor. On this head-raft about thirty river-drivers take up thoir position to direct tho course of tho boom. To change its position or shape, ton Uof the drivers spring into a boat or bateau: ono takes a paddlo at tho bow; eight take oars; and ono, at the stern, holds tlio anchor. Thoy row with quick strokes toward the spot where tho anchor is to bo dropped, tho cable all tho time running from tho windlass "Lot go!" shouts tho foreman. Splash! goes the anchor overboard. Tlio boat then darts back to the head works. Out spring the men to help turn the windlass to wind the. cable in. Thoy sing as thoy work, and tho wind lass ereiiKs a monotonous accompani ment as "Meet mo by moonlight, or the popular "Away over yondor." comes Hunting over the rippling water. Meanwhilo another bateau luus been out with anothor anchor; and as both windlashos turn, the boom swings toward tho anchorage, and thus is oo much further on its way. Though tho moil sing as thoy work, and make tho host ol thoir mishaps with josts and laughter, thoy often carrv homesick hnnrls. In cold mid -Jtt'k i stormy weather thoir hardships aro great, an involuntary bath in tlio icy ! water being an event of frequent oc currence. Also their work demands a constant supply ot strength which is vory trying; frequently a head-wind will drivo them back from a position which it has taken sovoral days to gain, and all tho toil of fresh anchorages must bo repeated. Tho most dangerous part of tho work is sluicing" tlio logs. When the boom roaches tho run which connects tho lako or river with tlio dam through tho sluieo of which tho logs must pass, tho chain of guard-logs is detached, and fastened in linos along both sides of the run, and tho rafts are drawu off to ono Bldo and anchored to trec. Tiie river drivers, armed with their pickole, are then stationed along tho run, on tho dam, wherever thoy may bo needed. Tho liberated logs now come sailing along, their speed quickening as thoy near tho sluice. When they reach it thoy dart through, their drill, rapid, continuous thud mingling with the roar of tho water. How thoy shoot the sluice! log after log two, six, a dozen together pitching, tossing, struggling, lcapinir end over end; finally submitting to destiny and sailing serenely down tho river toward another lake. Meanwhile the river-drivers with their long polos aud quick movements, looking not unlike a band of savages, havo enough to do, with steady feet, and eyes on tho alert. For of all the vast "array of logs -and I onco saw twenty-four thousand in ono drive -not ono goes through ho sluieo but is guided on to it bv one or more of tho drivers. Thoy often ride standing on the floating logs, conducting this push ing that, hurrying another, straighten ing, turning and guiding; and just bo foro the log on which a driver stands reaches the sluice ho springs to another. Woe to him if his foot should slip, or his leap fail! Ho would bo crushed among tho logs in the sluieo, or dashed among the rocks in tho seething water. After all tho logs aro safely sluiced, the chains of the guards aro slipped, the rafts aro broken up, and theso, windlasses and all, follow tho logs. Then tho boats aro put through tho sluice. Sometimes when tho dam is high, somo of the river-drivors go through in the boats- a dangerous practice, this; for often the bateaux have gone under water, cntiroly out of sight, to come up below the falls, and more than onco havo lives been lost in this foolhardy feat. A boom generally passes from three to six dams aud sometimes takos four months to roach the mills. Occasionally tho logs become jammed in tho rivers, and must wait for more water; if this can bo supplied from a lake above, tho difficulty is easily remedied. In the Spring of 1880, a jam occurred at Moxico in Maine. Tho lo:j.s were piled forty foot above tho water and covered an extent of area as largo as an ordinary village. This great jam attracted many visitors from all parts r,r ti, ,.,. ,,ii ti, 0ninr frmlw.a of tho Iloxt year could supply tho river wilh wnlor sUffl0j0Ut to loose them and imrthoni on their wuv. ilw. S. IS. 0. Samuels, in Wide Awake. Holler In Spiritualistic Phenoincnn no Evidence of a Man's Insanity. A novel ease was decided in the Chi cago Circuit Court, the other day, in which Judge Ttiley hold that proof that Sl ma" Doiiovou in spiritualistic pne- nomena was no evidence 01 a man s insanity or incapacity to tako care of his own affairs. Tho undue inllucnco in this case was that exercised by a spiritualistic medium, Mrs. Chamber lain, over Colonel II. W. II. Cushman, now deceased. Cushniau held a policy in the Republic Lifo Insurance Compa ny for 810,000, winch his executor I claimed as an asset of tlio estate. Mrs. i Chamberlain elaimod it on an equitable assignment, which tho executor resisted on the ground that at the timo of the j assignment Cushman was incapable of j making a binding contract, owing to insanity caused by .spiritualism. It was proved that for many years Cush- j man had been a firm believer in com- munication with departed spirits; that ho had boon in the habit of consulting j spirits daily, and placed much value j upon counsel purporting to come from them through mediums, and atono timo had investod largely in a worthless mine , through their advico. I Juifgo Tully said that mon who stand I high in science, Judges who adorn the bench, attorneys, solicitors, clergymen, physicians, literary mon of the highest ability, and, in fact, men in ovory walk and condition of life honestly bolioved in those phenomena; and so it would bo tho sheerest nonsense for him to hold that belief in tho phenomena known as spiritualism was per sr any ovidonco of unsound mind. It might lead to un sound mind, but not necessarily so. Hut in the caso before the Court it ap peared that tho assignment to Mrs. Chamberlain was in tlio nature of a gilt, for which thoro was no money consideration. It appeared that for years Cushman had lived with tho nie ditim, and that she was almost con stantly in his thoughts, and ho claimed to have received communications from spirits through her. In following En glish decisions in regard to tho inllu cnco of spiritual mediums, which throw tho burden of proof on them that no such inllucnco was exerted, Judge Tully hold that tho gift of a policy in this way was procured by unduo inllu enco, and decided in favor of the exec utor. A pretty sorvant girl in a Roches tor (N. Y.) boarding-houso won the ardent lovo of two boarders. Hoth do- 1 8ll-oa t0 marry her. ! to chooso botweon She was puzzled thorn, and furthor complicated tho affair by accepting first ono and then tho other. Tho rivals at ! length agreed to meet hor in a room together and got hor final decision. I When tho momentous occasion camo ono tried to inlluonco hor by drawing a knifo and declaring that ho would not I survive a refusal. Tho other, not to bo outdone, placed a pistol at his head and sworo that lio would blow his brains j out in caso of disappointment. She 1 took tho daggor man, however, and the pistol man allowed himself to bo dis- armed, though ho vows ho will dio on , hor wedding day. - t 9 Wood is more valuable whon sea- I soncd under cover. iff E WtP9P- $ ! rtfcK THEGREA? -gill I iron Neuralnia, Sciatica, Lumbago, Backache, Soreness of iho Chest, Gout, Quinsy, Soro Throat, Swell ings and Sprains, Burns and i acaias, uenorai aoaiiy Pains, Tooth, Ear and Hoadacho, Frosted Foot and Ears, and all other Pains and Achos. No reparation on earth cqnnU St. .Tacops Oil m iv mife, aurr, ultnvlc nml cheap Kxtrrnal llfmi'ily. A trial en lulls hut the omipunitlvoly trifling outlay of fiO Outs, and every olio suffering with ialii can hare cheap and rosltlro proof of It claims. Directions in Klcirn Languages. BOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS AND DEALEE8 IN MEDICINE, A. VOGEIER & CO., lialttmore, Md XI. 8. 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Mammoth YIELD From I to 10 KurirerStalK 1AO Ilusheli to the Acre. GClxiSs & no Xr'atroULcaL M'uliav fiecn 11 r. Crolev's Held of corn. and know Oia nbnvotnlia true M J Lawrence Kdllor turner , A. J. llHrrln, Attorney. J. A. Ilrown, C'ltiU Criminal C'ourti Cant Hrott.Mailnu Inimaiii' Asent all of Cleveland, O. 11. riilnney.r U., Itockpoit.O I'llce by malt, pout prepaid, Sl.uo mi-quart. Liberal discount for uimh JontiuB. Hnd your in ibrntv as thu amount UllmlKd. H. A. CUOMSI.tY, Cleveland, Ohio. bjHh. dill 35i ft ft ?LM y . , m 1 H S 1