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ESTABLISHED 1858. i
Oldest Paper la tie State.
BROWNVTLLE, NEBRASKA, THUBSDAY, JULY 5, 187T.
VOL. 22 KO. 2.
BEAII'& 5ATTER OXETERTPAGE
OFFICIAL PAPER OF THE COUNTY
jw JMi 4i f? II
? " .J
w
r
Women and TFure.
F-p ! went theay cerfe firing.
sparkled the gay champagne.
E r the ttght of flay that was dying
He filled sp thetr goblets again.
Let the lajt. best teast be woman.
"Wraon, dear woman, ssid he,
"Empty year glass, mr darling.
When yea drink, to yoor sex -with me."
Bit she caught faks strong rirows. Angers,
AJid held tbem ilzht as In fear,
.Vwl thrsegh th gathering twilight
Hr fend vetee fell en his ear:
"Nay I Ere yon drmk. I Implore yon,
By all that yea hold divine.
Pledge & waaa In tear drops.
Bather, by far, than In wine.
"By the -woe & -the drankard's raotfcer.
By the children that begged far bread
ay the lace of her -whose beloved one
Looks ea the wine vtmi 'tis red.
By the kltses changed to csrees,
3- the tears mere hitter than brine.
By mry a fond heart broken.
Pledge no wociaa In w-lae.
"What has wine brongnt to woman ?
TKolMcg bet tears and pain ;
It baa torn from her heart her lover,
Ad proven her prayers In valn
.And her honsehotd goods all scattered.
Lie tangled np In the vine;
Oh ! I prithee pledge no woman
In the curse of so many wrcfE."
TEE BBOKEff PELME0SE3.
A Hisbland Love Story.
Among all the flowers tba make
the country eantlful, think none
Slave such a tender place In memory
aa the primrose. Who ever passed the
month of spring In the country, In
childhood, who cannot recall bor
joyously the "fiTSt appearance of tne
favorite was hailed, and its opening
watched as Ita delicate buds peeped
from among the thiofc green leaves
ander the shade of -a brier bush, or
rond the roots of a wide-branching
ash tree, or on the tiny shelves of the
2oary rock ?
To see even a banch -of artificial
primroses on a pretty young lady's
bonnet seems to give atouch of poetry
to .the wearer; while to eeethem worn
by a matron about to enter into the
iere and -yellow leaf period looks like
the ripe months of September or Oe
te&er wearing the livery of spring.
They seem more in keeping even on
the silvery locks of old age; for an
early primrose may blossom on the
brow of winter. But to our story.
The laird of a certain Highland
estate, wulcn we will call Achanei
J eer -sicar ly.leftia th exl eesbu t
carefully trained by a wise, altho' a
doting, mother. Sir Evan was a fine,
high-spirited young man, who gave
her the very highest satisfaction in
sil thinsrs, excepting the wandering
habits he had early formed. He
srould often dress himself in tee
strangest disguises and mingle with
Ills tenants, taking a lea-ding share in
their games and patimea. During
hi strolls he frequently gazed with
dell-ht upon acfa pan-rcaaias as that
o beautifully delineated in "A Moun
tain Scene in Scotland'' a view not
uBoemmon in the Highland.
Sir Evan's mother, knowing bis
high and honorable nature, was never
afraid of his doing anything wrong
as such times, but ahe thought his
conduct undignified ; so, aa she could
uot win him from this strasge habit,
he tried to influence him to get mar--ried.
With this object in view she
gathered arooad her, both in Iiondon
and at home, all the young ladies she
most admired ; but her efforts seemed
in vain. Sic Evan was courteous and
attentive to all her guests, but he was
still fancy free , and -beloved him too
tenderly to wish to see him married
without a sincere attachment. She
knew the requiresseats of his nature
and understood, therefore, that a
loveless marriage would only drive
him further into the wandering habita
from which she wished him weaned.
"When Sir Evan was in his twenty
fifth year, he went to a distant part of
his estate, which he had never sisited
before, and hearing there was to be a
wedding, he went in disguise as a
minstrel. He wore a tattered old tar
tan coat and carried his fiddle oer
his shoulder in a green baize bag, while
his fair skin was etained to appear
ds.rk aa a gypsy's.
It was toward the latter end of
serine a clear, beautiful afternoon
and by the river Elde the yocng peo
ple were gaily dancing, while an old
white-haired man, with palsied hand,
Trae trying his best to give them mu
?lc. The young man drew near, and,
bowing to the company, he drew his
old bonnet over hfe brow and began
to play.
The dancers were delighted, for
they had never listened to such strains
before; and the old fiddler, trembling
for fear of losing the reward he ex
pected, went to the young minstrel in
ihe first pause of the music, and pro
posed that whatever was paid to eith
er of them should be equally divided
with the other. The young man
lauirhinelv assented, and when the
best man came to offer him a glass of
something to drink, be refused it;
but said, as It was getting cold, if the
old man would pray them a spring,
he would be glad to be allowed to
dance a reeL
Permission was at once given, and
the mhastrel ssked for his partner, a
pretty, gray-eyed, modest-looking
maiden-, whose graceful movementa
he had watehed in the danee. She
readily gave hta her hand, and sueh
dancing was seldom Eeen by those
present. When he led her back to
her friends, he offered her a few prim
roses from a small bonqnet he had
gathered by the river side, and, tnrn
Jag to another fair girt he oflered -ner
the Tmalnder of the fioffeTB, aatf
begged her hand for the nest dance.
She tossed her head indignantly, and
her looks said plainly, "Bo you think
I would dance with a gypsy?" She
had taken the flowers out of his hand,
bat she broke them, and cast
them away, saying sudden
ly "I don't care for flowers, and
I'm not going to dance with you,
thank you."
The young man tunred away hasti
ly, and the maiden who had danced
with him said to her companion :
"How could yon wound the young
man's feelings eo"? What harm could
it do you to -dance with him? And,
oh ! the dear primroses; the first I
have seen this year; see you have
brokee them.;" and Ellen bowed
down and gathered the scattered flow
ers, csrefally placed them among
those given herself, and fixed them in
her belt.
"How-conld you rather dance with
a fellow like that likely one of the
gang of tinkers that passed yesterday?
And will you really wear the Sowers
he gave?" replied the maiden with a
scornful sneer.
"I wear the flowers for their own
sakes. How could yoa break these
the beauties?" replied Ellen, caress
ing the bouquet with a tender touch ;
"and as or dancing with the young
man, I am sure I am quite ready to
do so again, were it only for fala de
lightful music."
Margaret drew herself away in dig
nified silence. She was quite horri
fied at the conduct of Ellen ; and the
young man, who was hovering near,
and watching the maidens, again of
fered his hand to Ellen ; and, anxious
to heal the wound her companion had
given, she danced with him gladly. 1
He saw she was enraptured with his
music, and he was delighted when, at
i the close of the festival, she asked
him to proceed to her father's house,
where ebe wished to hear again his
-sweet strains. She had an old piano
not a very good one, but neverthe
less one that gave her pleasure; and
she wished to try some of the tunes
he had played to the dancers. Ellen's
sisters were very oruob afraid she had
compromised the family dignity by
dancing with this stroller, and they
crumbled about her askincr him to f
their home so late in the evening. He
went, however, and after Ellen and
.himself had discoursed music for a !
considerable length of time, to the de
light of the old folks, who were rather
"proud " of "Ellen 's"muslealtaste, he
rose to leave.
They offered him a bed in the barn,
but he said he had to he cnilas away
before daylight; so Ellen gave him a
piece of money and stuffed his pock
ets with bread aud beef and a large
piece of cheese, at the same time beg
glDg of him if he ever came that way
again to -give them the pleasure of
listening to his minstrelsy.
Sir Evan returned to his own castle,
but he could not banish the image of
the gentle EIen from his heart.
When he slept or woke he always saw
her as she stood fixing the broken
primroses in her belt looking so
sweet and pretty in her white dress
and blue ribbons, and her rippling
brown hair tossed both by the even
ing breeze and by the dancing; end
at length, when his mother renewed
her attack upon him about getting
married, he told her of the maiden he
had learned to love so well.
The lady was dumbfounded. Was
her darling son, the j. ride of he heart,
to wed a nameless, humble bride?
But as she pondered the matter over
she became more reconciled to it. If
he loved this maiden, his happiness
was concerned, and what was his true
happiness was her's. So after a short
silence that almost seemed years, she
raised her head and asked Sir Evan if
he had cause to think the maiden re
turned hl3 love?
I dare not say she does mother,"
he replied ; "yet, I think she thought
tenderly of the strolling musician. I
think there was a sigh of regret for
bis not being a son of a neighboring!
farmer. I could read that in her dark '
gray eyes.even when she was not the !
least conscious of it herself."
"God bless you, my dear son," re
plied the good lady, with a tremor in
her voice, "God bless yoa, indeed ;
eo amiable a maiden must prove a
sweet companion ; and she must be
in a measure accomplished, according
to your statement; and If It is for
your happiness, I am reconciled."
The young man kissed his mother's
hand with tonderness and gratitude ;
and he went at once to order out bis
carriage for the interesting journey.
He dressed with great care, and a finer-looking
man could seldom be seen.
His well knit limbs were lithe and
hardy-looking, and showed the nim
ble huntsman or the brave soldier, as
occasion might demand. His dark,
hazel eye was beautiful, and his curl
ing hair the very sunniest shade of
brown. His bushy whiskers were au
burn, and the habit of command gave
a dignity to his presence that height
ened the charm of the whole.
Ellen's father saw the carriage ap
preach his house in great surprise, for
he knew the great yellofr carriage,
though he had not seen it for years.
He went, bonnet in hand, to meet the
laird, while his good wife hastily got!
on her best eap, and looked to her
whisky bottle and her bread and
cheese, in case he might alight to rest
hia horse and get some refreshments,
as Bhe had ssen hia excellent father
do.
Sir Evan leaped from the carriage,
and gaily entered the old house as If
he had been an acquaintance for
years, fo the great dellgnC of tne good
farmer and his wife. He partook of a
glass of rich cream and a piece of de
licious oat-cake, and then asked to see
their family. They came one by one,
tall, blushing girls, and stoat,
healthy-looking, awkward lads all
but Ellen, and Sir Evan asked If these
were all.
"We have one other daughter, our
second eldest, but she Is bnsy with
some household dntles, and unfit to
come into your presence ; so we hope
von will escuse her. Sir Evan," said
the mother, gravely.
"Show me where to And her, then,
and I will go to her," said Sir Evan,
with a strange quiver on Up and
voice.
The soother was about to call the
daughter, when-on-eof the boys hasti
ly opening the door, pointed to the
room where Ellen was busily taking
off the batter from the churn. She
was arrayed in a plain gray linen
j dress, clean and neat, and the curls
that had hung so prettily about her
neck and face st the wedding, were
fastened back with a piece of bright
blue colored ribbon ; but the drooping
tall, lily-like frgere and the modest
gray eyes were the same, and the ex
pression he thought so angelic when
she gathered the broken primroses
was still the same also ; Indeed, aa be
gazed upon her, he thought her more
beautiful than ever. She looked be
wildered at the air &ce of the young
man, and he took her hand saying:
"I have accepted your Invitation,
Ellen. You see I have returned.
though in good sooth your eyes would
speak a warmer welcome If I had
come with my tattered coat and my
fiddle."
Ellen stood speechless In astonish
ment; for she saw, indeed, he was no
other than the strolling musician for
that hazel eye had left a tender regret
In Ellen's heart for which she had of
ten chid herself; and as It flashed
across her mind who be was, and how
she had stuffed his pockets with bread
and beef, she fell on her knees cry
ing: "Forgive me, sir; oh, forgive me.
I knew not, indeed, you were any
other than what you eeetned."
"Forgive you, Ellen I Yes, my fair
girl ; you have more need of forglve-
nsa than 7 think, for you have
stolen my peace of mind away. Will
Joa restore It to me? Will you be my
partner now again for all my life
long?" He raised her from the floor
-as he spoke and drew her tsnderly to
ward him; and she laid her face upon
his bosom and wept tears of the purest
joy and gladness as, amidst his caress
es, she promised to be his through
life. Ere he led her back to get a
blessing from her parents, be took
from his bosom a bouquet of the latest
primroses of the year and fixed them
on her breast, whispering:
"TheEe flowerB must always be sa
cred to us ; for It was when you were
gathering those of mine, so rudely
broken and scattered by an ungentle
hand, that my soul went out to you
in the fullness of Its first affection.''
So Ellen became tne wife of Sir Ev
an, and through life proved herself a
true wife, a loving mother, and a ben
efactress to the piwr and lowly. Sir
Evan's mother never had cause to re
gret having given her sanction to the
.marriage ; for she became very proud
of her lovely daughter-in-law, whose
charming character was daily as ton -ihhing
her more and more. They are
old now and the elder lady has passed
away ; and the young generation are
grown up to manly eons and beautiful
daughters, being loved and wooed
and won In their turn; but none of
them are happier with their lovers
than Ellen Is with Sir Evan ; and in
the spring he never appearB before her
on any morning without a bouquet of
primroses, which she places in her
belt as she had done long ago to those
he had first given her. The family
all know the story; and they have
heard how chagrined the haughty
Margaret was when she learned who
she had refused to dance with at the
wedding by the river side, and whose
flowers she had broken so rudely and
cast to the winds, and the most valu
ed painting in the castle is the fair
Ellen In her white dress and blue rib
bons, and sunny, rippling, golden
brown hair, with a tender look, half
glad, half regretful, gathering into
her bouquet the broken primroses, and
a hazel-eyed, handsome gypsy gazing
at her with passionate admiration.
The London Spectator, ordinarily a
careful organ, declares that the Czar
is suffering from an Intense Increase
in his habitual melancholy. Elabor
ate precautions have been taken to
protect him from assassins, the Bus
sian secret police having been sent
forward in hundreds, and a demand
made on the Roumanian Government
to allow them an unlimited right of
arrest. The general belief, long be
fore the present war began, was that
the Czar was well qualified by tem
perament and feeling for membership
In Mr. John Bright's well-known
peace society, Prince Gortschakoff,
who accompanies the Czar, is also said'
to look aged and in ill health. Con
sidering, however, that the latter e
now S9-years old, this is scarcely to
be wondered at.
It is a woman's nature to forgive.
Yesterday we saw one whose hair was
redolent with orange blossoms stand
before the altar end promise to lo7e,
honor, and obey fire man who, a
school boy fifteen years ago, store the
strawberry pis cat of her dinner back
et and replaced it with one made of
mad. Yesterday his face was roarce
Jy 1'ses zsdteaf wi:h hspjfcsesy fksa
hers, and now when he kisses her II
probably reminds him of the time
when he took the strawberries ont of
her mouth long years ago. Derrick,
m m
TfeeUmfertuate Toad.
"Once upon a time there lived a
toad who had bat three legs, having
lost one of his hind legs."
"Was It shot off in war?" asked
Emma.
"I do not know how he lost It,"
said papa. "He may have lost It In &
battle with a snake. AH J know is
that he had butonehind leg, and that
in jumping over the ground be re
minded one very much of a crippled
soldier.
"The old toad, being thus badly
crippled was parte many shifts In or
der to get his dally bread.
"Toads don't eat bread, do they?"
asked Mary.
"I mean flies and such things,"
said papa, "which take the place of
broad with toads. He had to use his
wits so much that be soon came to be
very wise. He used to hide under a
leaf, or banch. of grass, and by pounc
ing upon an wary flies, he was able to
get quite a good living.
"One day he hobbled into a garden
and squatted under a cabbage leaf,
hoping tojeatch a nice fly for his din
ner. Bat he was very tired, and be
fore long he was fast asleep. When
he awoke it was quite dark.
"0! dear!1 he said, 'I have over
slept myself. How hungry I am ! I
wonder if I can find a fly In the dark.'
"So saying he began to hop along,
when down he went Into a pool of
muddy water. He sank to the bot
tom, bat by kicking lustily soon got
his bead above water. Then be swam
around trying to find something to
rest upon. At last he came upon a
little hummock of earth in the mid
dle of the pool, and there he sat wait
ing for morning. When morning
came the toad found that he was in a
great square pit, half full of water.
It was a pit that had been dug ty the
gardener in making an asparagus bed.
The poor toad sat there all of that day
and the following night, without a
bite to eat. Early the next day he
was delighted to see two little girls
come into the garden.
"'Now I shall be helped out,'
thought be. 'Those dear little girls
will be my friends.'
"They were dressed In white frocka
with brown sashes, and had on their
heads chip hats, trimmed with
brown."
"Oh, papal" said Emma, "that is
the way Mary and I dresol" Papa
went on without making auy reply.
"When the little girls came to the
pit the older cried out:
" 'Oh, look at that old toad sitting
in the water!'
"'Let us throw dirt at hirnsaidi
the smaller.
"So both the little glrl3 threw diri
and sticks at the toad, which raised
such waves around him that he was
in danger of being washed off.
" 'Oh, dear,' said the toad, 'who
would have thought those little girls
would be so cruel?'
"Just then a big piece of dirt struck
the poor toad upon the head, and laid
him sprawling oa his back In the wa
ter. When the toad had recovered
from the blow, and had crawled back
to his resting-place, he noticed a man
with a hoe on his shoulder, approach
ing the pit.
"'Oh, dear,' Eald the toad, 'here
comes a great, rough man; now I
certainly shall be killed.'
"Bat the man put his hoe under the
toad, lifted him carefully out of the
pit, and laid him upon the dry grass.
" 'Well, I never,' said. the toad.
'Who would have thought It? One
can't always judge by appearance.' "
The Methodist.
Catching a Bear with a Lariat.
Mr. John Wilson, who lives on the
Colorado ri"er, near Beasley's, San
Saba county, killed last week a very
large brown bear. He was cow-hunting,
and had a revolver with three
barrels loaded when he came in sight
of bruin. He gave chase immediate
ly, and with three balls wounded him
slightly. Having no more ammuni
tion he had recourse to his lariat.
Many times did the bear detach the
from his neck before It tightened rope
around it, when finally Wilson check
ed the horse the inBtant the noose
was passing over the bear's head. A
quick jerk with the hand, a hard pull
from the saddle pommel, as the
trained cow horse fell back on his
haunches, and the fierce beast was se
cured. Then commenced a series of
plunges, snarls, angry growls, and
frantic efforts to sever the lasso; but
with each struggle the rope became
tighter about his throat. Finally
the air passages were closed, and the
bear was, as the horse breaker styles
it, choked down. Wilson sprung
from the horse and fastened the rope
to a tree, then caught the bear by the
hind feet and kept him stretched un
til he qoit straggling. Then with a
small bat sharp-pointed pocket-knife
he severed his jngular vein. The
bear weighed 400 pounds when dressed
Galveston Texas) Hezcf.
A stranger registered at Tone of the
hotels the other day, and took a room.
A few days aflfer a lady called and
asked to be sHown to the same room.
Some of tne dn&mberrn&rds, seeing
her go fn, of course thought some
thing was wrong, and kepi an eye
open. The lady passed dot" and fn
Mveral Ubm during tfes aftsraooay
the maids watching every movement
closely. The last time the lady went
into the room, the more enrioua of the
girls went Into the adjoining room,
and after things became quiet, two of
them softly peeped over the trausom,
bat quickly dodged back. They had
seen enough. The proprietor was no
tified and when the man and woman
cams down to sapper, they were ask
ed for their bills. They were surpris
ed, and when they asked the reason,
the proprietor told tbem what the
girls had seen. 'Well,' the stranger
replied, 'that's all right, she's my
wife.' Paper in now placed over that
transom. Exchange.
Bemariakle Ixcrease of Eossian Ter
ritory. In the beginning of the reign of
Ivan ELI, the first aatocratio ruler of
Russia, in the year 1462, the territory
he governed comprised about 11,000
square miles. At his death, In 1505,
the whole extent of his dominions
Included about 43,000 square miles.
Under the Czar Ivan IV ("The Terri
ble") a considerable quantity of terri
tory was annexed, so that at the time
of his death, in 1584, the Russian em
pire may be computed to have con
tained 75,000 square miles. Theodore
I, who succeeded Ivan, acquired ter
ritory from the Swedes, and also
pushed his conquests beyond the Ural
mountains ; and at his death, in 159S,
the Russian sway extended over 130,
000 square miles. On the accession of
Michael I, in 1613, the extent of the
Russian empire may be taken at 156.
000 square miles. Peter I, by his nu
merous conquests, materially increas
ed its extent, and at his death, in 1725,
it comprised 2S2.454 square mile. Du
ring the reigns of the Empresses An
na Ivanevyna, Elizabeth, and Catha
rine n. large annexations were made,
so that on the death of the latter, in
1796, the Russian dominions extended
over 352,472 square miles. The Em
peror Paul I added Georgia to his do
minions. Alexander I conquered
Finland and annexed other territo
ries, increasing the extent of the Rus
sian empire before he died, In 1825, to
366,582 square miles; while Nicholas
I, by the campaigns of 182S and 1S29,
secured to Russia the khanates ofEr
ivan and Nahitchevan, the district of
Ordubab, and the pashalic of Achal
zic, raising the total extent of the
Russian empire to 367,112 square
Ixaii3sv-Slio6lnce-Ihenjorganlzation
of taeRassian sovereignty under Ivan
IIX, eome 400 years ago, the territorial
dominions of Russia have increased
to thirty-five times their original size.
The Yolume of Currency.
The New York Journal of Commerce
in reply to inquiries on the subject
states that there is a common mistake
about the contraction of the paper cur
rency. In 1S72 there were in round
numbers, $354,000,000 outstanding in
bank-notes, $35G,000,C00 in legal tend
ers, $40 000,000 in fractional currency,
in all $750,000,000. Last week's state
ment gave $317,500,000 bank-notes'
$360,500,000 in legal tenders, and $21,
000.000 in fractional currency, making
in all $699,000,000 outstanding. This
makes a seeming reduction of $51,000
000, but in place of $20,000,000 of frac
tional currency called in, and of near
ly $8,000,000 legal tenders held for re
demption of fractional currency not
yet presented, silver coin ha3 been
used, so that the actual reduction in
the common currency Is but $21,000,
000. If we add the Increase in gold
we shall find that the total of both
currencies Is actually greater now than
in 1S72. It is added, too, that the
loans and discounts, instead of shrink
ing, having Increased, now amount
ing to about $930,000,000, against $872
000,000 in 1S72.
Captured at Last.
Captain Forbes, of the Indianapolis
police, on the 24th of June, left Day
ton with the prisoner, John Cope, ar
rested in Dayton a few days ago.
Cope and another man named Wil
son, were engaged in an affray In a
barroom in Indianapolis In Septem
ber, 1873. Cope struck the bar-keeper
on the head with a pitcher, killing
him Instantly. He escaped, but Wil
son was arrested. A reward of $200
was offered for Cope, who went to
West Virginia and married there. He
has another wife and a daughter, who
are living near Indianapolis. He
came to Dayton over a year ago under
the name of Charles Thomas, but was
only recently discovered by the de
tectives at Dayton. Capt. Forbes had
known Cope in Indianapolis, and
identified him by a broken finger of
the left hand.
The Grand Duke Alexis has arriv
ed at Ploejesti, where he must have
reported to the Czar. New York
young ladies are deeply interested in
this grand young Duke and his broth-
ar-r98t rora nt th TCnaatnn anntrirnn r
w. w.- -. .
cently In the New York haroor. TbelluBtcu,euu,"c "areu ,u k"e "uuS"t
Commercial AdveriUer an feelingly re
marks that Alick Is with the army
on the Danube, looking savage, and
yelling for the sabre of his pa. But
las thenrbe comforted. Grand Dukes
are seldom killed, save hx bed. Inter
Ocean.
There are some things that cling to
the memory like the odor of musk
about old love letters. We well re
member" the first girl e ever looked
upon with Iover'a eyea we can recall
the first day we ever 'bagged1 it from
school, and where It was, and we re
member vividly ths earirsaff boii that
ever attacked us unawares, and with
in half an Inch know the exact spot
of ita location.
A POWDER XILL,
31 ode of Xakin? Gunpowder.
A powder-mill is not In the least
like other mills. Instead of one great
building, it ia composed of many
rough-looking little sheds, some
times as many as seventy or eighty.
These are long distances apart, sepa
rated by dense woods and great
mound3 of earth, so that If one
"house" is blown up, the others will
escape a like fate. Of some the walls
are built very strong, and the roofs
very slight, in the hope that if an ex
plosion happens, its force will be ex
pended upwards only. Other houses
have euormoas roofs of masonry cov
ered with earth ; the roofs of others
are tanks kept always fall of water.
The constant danger inseperable
from the work would be greatly in
creased were there no strict rules, al
ways enforced. No cautious visitor
can be more careful than the work
men themselves, for they know, If an
explosion happens, !t will be certain,
Inetant death to tbem. So no lights
or fires are ever allowed ; no one lives
nearer the mills than can be helped ;
some of the buildings are carpeted
with skins, and the floors are kept al
ways flooded with an inch or two of
water; and In front of every door Is a
shallow tank ofwater. Before enter
ing every person mast pat on rnbber
shoes and walk through this water,
for the nails in a boot-heel might
strike a spark from a bit of sand or
gravel, which might explode a single
grain of gunpowder, and cause wide
spread disaster. So the rubber shoes
worn in the mills are never worn
elsewhere. Then, too, every one ia
expected to keep his wits about him ;
there is never any loud talking and
laughter, and no one ever thinks of
shouting. Yet, with all this extreme
care, explosions sometimes occur, and
then there is seldom any one left to
tell how it happened.
The mode of making gunpowder ia
nowadays about the same every where.
The saltpeter, the charcoal, and the
sulphur all must be ground very fine
ly. Among rude tribes in Asia, as in
old times, the grinding Is done by
women and children, who pound the
ingredients with wooden pestles In
wooden mortars, and often finish by
blowing jip the entire famiTy, house
and all. In other places they pass a
crank-shaft through a brrrel and fit it
in a frame. This barrel they partly
fill with what they wish to pulverize,
and also with a quantity of brass or
woooden balls. By turning the crank
rapidly the balls and the material are
both rolled around from side to side,
and finally the grinding is effected.
Next they mix the three together in
proper proportions, spreading it on a
wooden table, turning It with wooden
paddles, and rolling It with wooden
rollers; then they put It back into the
wooden mortar or tub and pound It
again, any blow, just as likeJy as not,
being the last they will live to give.
If they and the powder survive this,
then they spread it on a cloth in the
sun to dry, and if it don't blowup be
fore they can gather It together again,
the husbands and fathers of these
brave women and children soon have
plenty of powder. I have been told
of a lady, brought up in the East In
dies, whoie most vivid remembrance
of her early life was the blowing-up
of a "native" family by such means.
But In the modern powder-mills there
are deep, circular troughs of stone or
iron, around and around in which
travel ponderous wheels. Men with
wooden shovels keep the material un
der the rollers, where it Is thoroughly
crashed.
When enough of each ingredient is
ready to make a batch of powder,
they weigh it about 75 parts of Bait
peter, 15 of charcoal, and 10 of sul
phur. These proportions, however,
vary somewhat, depending upon what
the powder Is to be used for, and the
strength required.
The welghed-out ingredients must
now be mixed. Usually, the charcoal
and, sulphur are put together first in
revolving barrels, In which are loose
zinc, brass, or copper balls ; and when
this is completed, the saltpeter is ad
ded, and the rolling process Is repeat
ed until the whole Is well Intermin
gled. In some mills the three ingre
dients are put in the barrels and mix
ed in one operation ; but this mode is
attended with greater risk.
AH this, however, Is mere zUrring.
The real mixing mu3t be done under
great pressure.
Now begins the greatest danger.
The stirred-up materials are taken
to another shed, called the "incorpo
rating mill," where there are more
wheels and troughs : but, Instead of
men with shovels, there are wooden
and copper Ecrapers attached to the
machinery, that follow the wheels
and keep She mixture in place. The
-- .!. . u t
the wheels started, and the men lock
the doors and go away. Hoar after
hour, around" and around" in the dark.
fall alone, rumble these mighty wheels.
So long as the little scrapers attend to
their business, evenly spreading the
I mixture three or four Inches deep in
the bottom of the trough, all will be
well ; but If anything goes wrong
puff bang ! that is the end of that
mill. If the crushing-wheels and the
iron bottoai of the trough should hap
pen to touch, the chances axe they
would "strike fire ;" but the cushion
of powder between is supposed to pre-
L vent this. Si. lucholas for June.
POLITICAL S0TES.
As a party war-cry, the new corner
stone of the Democratic faith, "fraud,'
is already a failure. The party itself
refuses to take it up. The leading
journals condemn it in the abstract
and in the concrete. Especially do
they condemn it If It is to be the ral
lying cry for any attempt to question
the validity of President Hayes' tI3e.
SL Joe Eeratd.
The Indianapolis Journal says t
'The fact is distinctly recognized that
approving or disapproving the Presl
deat'a policy Is not a test of Republic
anism, and that Republicans may dif
fer widely as possible on this point
without necessarily affecting the par
ty organization.'
When the Chief Justice of the Uni
ted States went to Charleston, he was
treated with HT-mannered rudeness.
But when Wade Hampton comes to
Rockford, all the flunkeys fa the
West will bow down to him. Some
of the newspapers in Chicago would
rather not, but they are so fearful that
a failure fn this respect might upset
the Southern policy of concilation
that they won't dare refuse. Tnier
Ocean. Here is a bit of interesting informa
tion. The Indianpolis Journal says
it has positive information, when a
party of Eastern delegates to the St.
Louis convention stopped in Indian
apolis last year, that pledges were ex
tracted and given that if Mr. Herd
ricks would accept the second place
on the National Democratic ticket, he
should have the first place in 1SS0.
So long aa Stanley Matthews is re
tained as the chief adviserof thePres
Ident, so long will true Republicans
hesitate to put faith in the adminis
tration. Burlington Sawkeye.
Th e Loa EsvIIIe Courier-Journal says
that the editor of the Indianapolis
Sentinel is Inefficient and Ignorant,
and the Sentinel says that Waterson is
always for sale, and has been known
to refuse to pay gambling debt3 until
he learned that further refusal would
result in personal chastisement.
Senator Beck, of Kentucky, the
man who said Tllden wes 'cool as &
d clam,' was not invited to the TI1-den-Hendricks-Robinson
reception In
New York. It is said he has been
making overtures of late to certain
well-known Democratic leadera in
rthe Southern States, to form a sort of
league with-ihe Westem-Jmocr3ey
f against the New York wing of the
partj, in order to control the next
Presidential nomination. Eenator
Beck, of Kentucky Is making a move
In the right direction. The fact is,
for the last eight years the Democrat
ic party baa sold out to 'Wall street,'
deserved to be, and has been defeated.
St. Jjouis Dispatch.
Governor Packard interviews to a
certain extent. We have referred to
what he said at Cincinnati. At Chi
cago, he appeared very melancholy
about the prospects of the Republican
party in Louisiana, and seemed to
fear that all of its members would be
killed off If they remained. He said
that murders and outrages were tak
ing place continually, and though
Gov. Nichoils had offered rewards,
the perpetrators were never appre
hended. He d?d not wfah to say any
thing about the President's policy,
but he thought it an error to suppose
that polfcy would ever bring over a
portion of the rebel element to the
Republican party. Omaha Hepuoiic
an. JTbe Globe-Democrat says the popu
lation of Missouri did not increase da
ring the war, from I860 to 1865. That
from 1865 to 1S70, while the State was
under Republican rule, it increased at
the rate of 108,000" u year. That since
that time, under Democratic rule, It
has grown only at the rate of 47,000 a
year. '
i i i
Thfl OTUlSdh of "PraH TVirtfrlau at Vi 13 I
ofd home in Maryland was more of a
speech than the press dispatch indi
cated. He told the colored people
that they were an Immense distance
behind the white people; that they
were In contact with th3 moaS indom
itable and the most enlightened race
In the world, and they must work to
make themselves the equals of the
whites. He did not believe the col
ored people were fundamentally infe
rior to the whites, "but they are, nev
ertheless," he said, -'practically Infe
rior. We must not talk about equali
ty until we can do what white people
can do. So long as they can build
vessels and we cannor, we are their
Inferiors. So long aa they can balld
railroads and we cannot, we are their
inferiors. So long aa they can foend
governments and' ws cannot, we are
their inferiors. If In twenty years
from now the colored race, as a race,
has not advanced beyond the point
where It was when emancipated, ft la
a doomed race. The question now is,
Will the black man do as much for
his master fbimself) aa he used to do
for his old master? Do you, my col
ored friends, get up as early now to
work for yourselves as you U3ed to do I
to work for that stern ofd Roman,
Samuel Hambleton T He did not be
lieve that the mulatto wa3 the Eupe
perfor of the black man. Intellectual
ly or In any Way. In the part of hra
speech In which he urged the getting
of money, Mr Douglass safd he was
tired of Ethiopia holding oat her
hands. The colored peopFe should
not aepena open being naipea, butioxct.'r-ra76.
snould do for themselves. Their
preachers should tell them more
about what to do, and lesa about what
to feel.
All In all, the speech was as remark
able in it3 tone as the occasion was
extraordinary. Just how it will be
received by the colored people remains
to be seen. Jnier-Ocean.
EASTERN WAR.
Scenes Topics Braila and 3fatcain
Braila, where the Russian left wing
has bridged the Danube, baa played
an important part In every campaign
between Russia and Turkey. In IS2S
It was a town of 24,600 inhabitants,
surrounded by nine bastioned fronts,
each flank resting upon the bank of
the river. A straight line was ex
tended along the crest of the cliffs,
and joined the extremities of the bas
tioned fronts, completing the inclos
are of the town. At the beginning of
the campaign of 1S2S the Turks occu
pied the town. The fortifications
were in good repair, and were armed
with 300 pieces of ordnance. The
garrison consisted of 8,000 men, and
the town: was amply supplied with
ammunition and provisions. A Rus
sian corps appeared before the town
as early aa May I4th, and the siege
opened ; but it was not until the Rus
sian flotilla of eighteen gunboats bad
defeated and routed the Turkish fleet,
and a bombardment had been opened
from the waterside, that the garrison
capitulated on condition of being al
lowed to withdraw unmolested to Sfl
istrra. After the capitulation of the
Turkish force on June 17th, the Rus
sians razed the fortifications. The
Russians crossed the Danube at laak
cha, below Galatz.
During the autumn of 1853, before
the Turks assumed the offensive as
Kalafat and Qitenitza, the Russians
had occupied Braila and Galatz, and
there bad been a skirmish at Isakcha,
where the crossing had been made la
the previous campaign. During tiro
winter about 10,600 troops were con
centrated between Galatz and Braila.
On January 8, 3,000 Roeafana crossed
the Danube from Braila to Matccin,
destroyed some field work3, and re
turned nnder a brisk fire frozz1 the
Turks. They also formed an en
trenched camp rn" the Island of Thetal
In the Danube. The Turks raiaed for
tifications opposite the Russian bat
teries, and for two monts succeeded
in repelling the attacks of the enemy.
Late Irr March the Russians' crossed
the Danube from Galatz, Braila, and
IsmaH, and captured Mataiu.,ma Isf
akaha. Tiieis" operations rendered
them masters of the Dobrndja, but
were pent up in those dismal swainps
for several moafcha.
New fortifications and large earth -work3'have
rscentry been erected" 3y
the Tarka at Tultcha, Matchin, and
Isakcha. There were two large bat
teries with eight rifled Krapp gana as"
each post, and on the eoast there
were at least fifty heavy rifled gnnai
The Turks practically abaadoned Tul
cha and Isakcha several weeks ago,
and the Russians seem to have me?
with no resistance at Matebln. Near
ly all these towns are in reins. Tbs
strongest post in the Dobradfa k Eir
sova, a wretched little village 6tfabS
a hundred tumble-down bctts. 2T.
F". Tribnne.
As an antidote for ofifani on the
grape vie disease, M. Chatal, a
French authority, recsmmeadp com
mon table salt. He say3 that cte"
vines" and grapes were covered for
some years with this eobsianoe, and
that Ia3t spring he sprinkled a hand
ful of salt about the roots of eaafa
vine. The effect was marvelous ; the
vines grew luxuriantly, and bow as
abundance of grapea entlrefy frea
from the fungus of odfcts.
The latest serpnt story cornea from
the Conucil Bluff's JfonpariS, to the
effect that an eel lately caught ia Boy
er river, measured 10 feet fa length,
and in clrcumferenee waa almost aa'
large aa a man's thigh- Eel steaks
ought to be eheap la that eoen&y, aad'
the varmit must have been an eele
phant among hia kind.
The first thing a young man does
on seeing a friend with a new baton
Isr to take It off and serenely try It on
hfe own Bead. When a yosng lady
sees an acquintance with her new
bonnet on, she just lifts her nose and
serenely wonders 'where the thing
got that fright.' Gais&Sl Secordvr.
She said it was a very bright Idea
He said he knew a brighter one, and
when she asked him what it was, hs"
answered, 'Your eye, dear! There
wa3 silence for a moment; then she
laid her head upon the rim of His ear"
t and wept.
The Chinese possess the oMestf
newspaper in the worig'. lu court
circular and government organ,
Sncwn as the Pekhi GasU, dates
baek from 713 B. C.
I sot dorrn is tboeght profound
this maxim wise I drew; It's easier
for yotr to lav a gal than mark a-gal
lav yoa !" .Hiwsa Bigiow.
There fa nothing so weak as fn6'
cunning-In a man, and yet he la apt tc
be more vairr of it than hw is of hi
judgment.
A dog-light Is not a nobis spostsele,
although ft is andbabiedLT a d&nlav
Paraaol? are Mks loavea of bread-
the amaHer they are the moce Sfeey
;cost.