Nebraska Newspapers

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THE ADVERTISER.
PaWlalied . -cry Tburaaw By . y-
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Proprietors. ' f
: , - i. r I
'o.M 3IPhcr8on' Block, up Stairs,
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
hi i w r
- 7 -.a "A 2
Terms, in. .tt.u.vn. '
.,,Br.oneyea...
S3 00
ecnpy.mntU
o;e copy, three months-
ro-
50
WT nrvrEATTER OX EVERY PAGE
BUSINESS CARDS.
ATTORNEYS.
T. 1" Schick, '4.
i TTOIp-K AT. ijAW. offlce Qver
lS-Gy
" J. S- Stull.
nvrV AND COCNSKLOR ATiAW.-
vW.'eb
T. TI- Brondy,
-.ttvp vn COOXSELOR AT LAW.
"" " K. V ThoinnI
-.rv AT LAW -OTioe. front room over
A .enXJa &WmV Hardware Store. Brown-Ziii-.Nc'o.
. - :
TlU.c:
W. T. KoCri
A T lN,cc rtilint attention to any lend
"V - c..h,?,5oar office In Conn Kuse
r itertto his care. Office InConrt I
BalM.r? rovUi:
atnpi"e
'eb.
' Hcwel (fc.Newm!,
TTO"NrA-" AVI) COCXSELOR3 AT LAW
A Hntrnv.lie.yeb.
PIIYSIC1AXS. "
A. -v.dOteineU.n. .cre'lln
a Wpm: on-ni?ck?"ripMlHi nttenimn
gynotrind diseaSe- ot Wojnen aud
Tr t vTirEWa.riiyslclRnnndSurgn. Offlce
H- n' 'JbrCg fetoreTKa Main street, Broxyn-
50TARIKS COLLECT1QX AGEXTS
" J. IV. UruNli,
., - tut- PFAOEAXDCOIiliECTIOX
JC i-Sh !&; fepHiJjWV?!?
y "S tv.i. cuutcUon of r.otea unJ account Tor
5loT"J ll-.k AddESi Box iCBrownvllle.ema.
tCo.yeb- .
"" L.. A. Bergmnuni
.ri.- WRI1C AM) CONVEYANCER.
;0JA v-..L"Sn re UBrowavlHe. 'eb.
Rriir.nT Notarv pabllcand Convex ancer.
-n'- Main street, ecoiid floor. Brpwnvllle.
X,; At for the Knultnble and American Tton
p -ff -..urance companies.
DRUGGISTS.
Lett &- Crelgh,
TXTtrTUSTS. and dealm VaJn'A Olta.-all
H p,.fr etc Mcl'herson Block, o. C3 Main
ttree Bmynvllte. y-p-
LAXD AGENTS.
i v c-I.-jWELL. Real Estate aid Tax Paying
V. A-cnt, OlUca In Cocawell BIocic. corner Hrt
nVl a " c ureots. Will give prompt aUeaUon to
?b.4;"e J rll?al Buato and the Payment of Taxes
ii'lCIIABO V. HC01U. Real l-VuvteAKont and
11" 3wrrruj.x. U-nceinnortnit corner rc
raU "i..3cU. na !. Itro-.vnville. eb.
tstfl
Uad t . r.ct.
GUAXX DEALERS.
Geo. G. Start,
maimnvLERiN grain a.vd aoricol-
L Ural I mi lements. .tnd Storage, r orwardlnj;
a CwCn 4MOu Jivri5auk, --44 .,. --.
r ittt -" "" '"
SADDLERY'.
T H.BYl'hR. Xf.rnes. Bridles. Collars. Etc.. No.
J C M Ja street. BrouvilIe.yeb. ileadmgdone
toori.r Sit-a'actioa uuuranteca.
BRIDGE BU1L.DIXG.
ri V. ft'irEER.Br.d-e Builder and Contractor,
. ilr u-nrille. Neb. Sole ae-it for R. W.Smith a
Ptfa. rr--.- Bridge. Theatrougct and beut wooden
brld;e now in use.
HOTELS.
JTEIUfJAN HOUSE. I- D. Robison. Proprietor.
A Fro:.t-treet. btwt-ea ilain and College. Good
r-d aad Livery htablo in conaectlon with this
Hums.
GVS SMITH.
lt'lt. F CI'.ADDOCK. Gun Smith oi Loct Smith.
-ihcp at No. s:. .Main street, Hrownville.
Neara'JiA. Cni mde to order, and repairing dono
prarapty it cheap rates. 35-ly
"blacksmiths.
J. XV. GlbEou,
"PLVCXVUITI AND HORSE SHOER. First
U " I 'niwcni jli'.n indAllautic. Srowcv.lle,
Keb Wo:i d na to ordor and batlsractioii guuruu
teod. BOOTS XZ'O SHOES.
1"ZX II JBIN-ON. Bot and Shoe Maker. No.
iX. 5iMj.l!i street. Mrowiivtlle.Nfb. I!aacontatit-lyo-
iiHii'i a ifood rvurtment of Gen's, Lady's,
Miwi zr,i Children's Boots and Shoe'. Custom
j"jri 1 ine with nsataess aad dispatch. Repairing
SALOOA'S.
T0-a.ni UfODART A CO.. Peace and Quiet Sa
toon 'ti .1 Main -itrect. HrornvilIe, Neb. Th
WWncund Liqiiortkepton hand.
.ffr'
J. Rl&KE,
vi'
1 z5vb
1T SSSSS3 All Operations Pcr
t'HnffT formed iu thobost
11 v SK-- -e "aaer.
AtresldcnceonMaln
utrect.
At R-ck Port, Mo., from 1st to 7th or each
m )nta.
. It. A.Bsrsnanii & Co.,
Manufacturers of Cigars,
and Wholesale Dealers In
ChswinT and Smoking Tobaco,
Oriws from the country promptly ailed,
Slid satisfaction guaranteed.
5o.41 Jiaia St., BR0W5TILI.E, 5EB.
F 15!
cSti g2i ajfe
SALOON.
CARROL BROTHERS, Froprieiors,
47 Main Street.
Bmt or Llqnors provides! at Grange Prices,
rnwx VI f H m jNOPOLY. Liquor by the
"juart or gallon r.t reduced rales. I7-51y
UJIH BUSS'S"
l'mW!M&
J. G. RUSSELL,
Dealer in
iWIHES, L'QUORS & CIGARS
I WHOLESALE AND EETAIL.
i 55 Main Street,
323.0 WoNT VILLB, 3STEB. j
PHAWZ HELMER,
1
AGOH llACKSMITHHOP
ONE DOOR WEST OF COURT HOUSE.
WTAG0N lAKING, Kepairing,
Plows, and all worlr. done In the best
jaannerand on short notice Satisfaction Koaraa
ed. C.ivehimacall. 5H-ly.
Clocks, Watches, Jewelry
JOSEPH SETTJTZ,
No. 59 Main Stm-, Browstville.
QL. Keeps constantly on'handftlarreandwell
TTT'LLIVM K. HOOVER. Real "Estate and Tax
W r"ia TAn-. onico la District Court Itooui.
W't vi vrompi-wnntlon to the u? of Real K--
aad raviuexstOI laxrti lurous"""""1- '
BUST
wiLrtedstockof genulneartlcleslnhlsime.
afenepalnnc orciocfcf. Watches and Jewelry
done en short notice, at reasonable rates.
ilx. opk WAiatAyrrD.
" .vc--x-j '-tw BBS 4f B .W'- BSBiiw .fl ,m ycB i.fl.Br. K ' B fl B B 9riV' fl 7 B , ..Three mji. -arc 400 6i-w i j
ESTABLISHED 1856.
Oldest Paper in tlie State. J
mMapaBBKBaanKxanB
STATE NORMAL SCHOOL, PERU,
DESCRIPTION
OF THE
NOEMAL 'SCHOOL BUILDING.
Thebuildingis uiuetyfeetln lejitli
by sixtytlireefel in liremith, antl i.
tliree storien lilgh aDive the b:ile
iijVhf. TtHs-fa ul)Mtantial linck btrue
tiirt. festuiVupu'u a solid fuuudation
of !liuit4lone.
The exterior walls of the basement
are twenty inclies thick, ami cousin
of ranged couraes of pitched faced
ulilar, with vertical hand, sixteen
inched 'tine, and reaching entirely
through tue wall, thereby making it
much -more substantial than if faced
with ashlar and backed up by marble
work in the uual manner. The su
perstructure is. of brick, trimmed with
I'Utlime-sloue of very superior jual
ity. The exterior walls are hollow,
for the greater protection against cold
and dampness.
TJjc main front is toward the West,
looking out upon one of the priiwipul
approaches to the v. Huge of Peru,
which lies .to the North. Another
entrance (omitted in the cut,) on tile
-ide of the town, looks down one of
its principal streets. 7rhe approach
on this side N to be terraeed, and all
about the. bniTdins;.whiehT surround
ed by a beautiful growth of timber,
lawns are to be extended. A third
entrance on the E-tst, looks out upon
the grouudw of the School, which
comprise, in all, some sixty acres. '
Pa-sing to the interior, we eutera
vestibule, twelve feet square, from
which doors open to a commodious
cloak room and the main hall. Thi-
i- nin feet wide, and extendi thro'
the building, with a branch hall lead
ing to the North entrance. In each
end of the building a stairway leads
to the upper story.
On the right of the hall are the
Principal's Ofiice and a Reception
Room for the use of viitor ami the
meeting of teachers and Board of Ed
ucation. On. thi- floor are situated,
al-o. rooms for the accommodation of
the Primary and Junior Departments
of the Model School, antl three Reci
tation Rooms. On the .seeoml floor
are found three Recitation Room, a
cloak room, antl two room ZQx'S feet,
one for the use of the Philomatheau
fietv. and the other for the Prepar
atory Department.
On the third fl'inr are two Recita
tion Rooms, a Lecture Room, and
Labaratory for the classps iu Heienjce.
and an Assembly Room for the use of
the Normal Department. This lat
i. the finest room in the building, 60
feet long by 3S feet, in breadth, and 17
feet in height. The eeilimr i- carved
and ornamented with two large cen
tre pieces. The aeeou.-tio properties
of this room are excellent.
In the att c is a well lighted room.
1Sx25, t- be set apart for a Museum of
Natural History as soon a collections
ca. be made. This room communi
cates with Ihe Mezzanine story of the
tower, from whence a flight of si airs
leads to the top, some ninety feet
from the ground. Here is afforded n
fine view of the surrounding country,
which, with the Missouri River, and
the bluff on the North, and the rol
iing prairieR. and wooded ravine on
the South and Went, presents to the
eye a landscape not without many at
tractions. In the basement are apartments for
the Janitor's family, four furnnee
room, and room for the use of the
Primarv Department of the Model
Schoorwhen the growing wants of
the school shall require it.
The wood-work of the interior is
grained in imitation of Oak, and var
nished, and a zone of black-board ex
tends entirely around all school a d
recitation rooms.
The workmanship throughout is ex
cellent, ami reflects great credit upon
the contractors. V. R. Craig &, Sous,
of Nebraskn City. The coht of its
construction was not excessive, being
about $28,500. and the people of the
State may congratulate thetnelve
that tho money has been well ex
pended. One feature of the building demand
epecial mention, viz : the arrange
ments for hea'lng. Notwithsfnndinp
tho poor success of furnace in the
West, the Board of Education deter
mined to make one more attempt.
Accordinglv the building wa planned
and built with epeciai reierence io
the Ruttan system. Two large ven
tilation shafts (een in the cut) pt
up through the huildiiiir. In the cen
tre of each or these is a larae, galvan
ized iron smnk pipe, which receive"
thesmoke from two furnaces. Around
theRe pipes are Urge spaces through
which the foul air aeends.
The warm air is introduced into the
rooms through flues constructed in
the wall. After serving it purpose
there. itpas'es out through open iron
work base-noarris. ami pasmg be
tween double floors with which each
room is provided, finds it way thro'
ducts to the ventilation shafts, where
warmed by the smoke pipes, it rises
and escaneS at the top of the shafts.
The Ruttan Heating and Ventilat
insr Cos. of Rloomington, Ills., have
placed in the basement fivp of their
furnaces, upon'the condition that they
ehall reeeive no cnrnpensnMon incape
they do not giventire satisfaction.
Un to the present date thev have
worked very satisfactorily. The cost
of heating apparatus was a little over
53 000. , ,
The main hall Is seaien wiin me
Higglnson. of Indianapolis. Tnd.
There are two Mason & Hamlin ur
nc :n , hnildintr
i .
,, . m'ii. ,.oa rtnetrrnori Kr- Tiob
The hllllding Was fiesigneil D.V it""
Qrg nU(j RellftDgce, Architects of Lln
coin-
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'e
NEMAHA COU'NTY; NEBRA.SK(.7
STATE NORMAL SCHOOL
A REPORT OF THE PRINCIPAL.
Rpsd at the De'dlcailon of tlie 2Vew
Builrilitjr, 1Vt'iluetlay Evening,
December 3d; 1873, by'
tlie Priuclpnl.
In presenting this report of the pre
sent condition of the Normal School,
I' most lieartllv and cheerfully reci g
nize the,zeal,.ene,rgy, intelligence and
skill with which py' predecessors
have labored to bring the institution
to the position which it had attained
when T assumed charge of it.
I desire, also', to put on record, my
grateful acknowledgments of the
cheerful co-operation of my colleagues
and the full support accorded me by
the Boartl of education in all my en
deavors for the advancement of the
School.
With the beginning of the year,
Sept. 4, 1S73, the Nebraska State Nor
mal Sciiool entered upon a new era.
Tfienembuilding.su greatly needed,
so long promised, was at last com
pleted, With Tts well arranged school
rooms, its beautiful balls, itn splendid
assembly room, its convenient recita
tion looms, all well lighted, ventilat
ed and warmed, it is well suited to Ihe
immediate wants of the School, and
has greatly aide iu 'placing it on a
higher plane.
The Faculty, 6omewhat modified
and increased, is constituted. as fol
lows :
T. J. Morgan, Principal. Mental
and Moral Science; School E onomy.
Jnmes Bellaugee. Mathematics.
W. E. Wilson. Natural Science ;
Greek.
Eliza O. Morgan .Preceptress. Rhe
toric; English Literature.
M Helen Burt. Methods; Latin.
Kate S. Dickermaii Instrumental
Music; Gymnastics.
Albert Nichols. Principal Prepar
atory School.
Ellen E. Johnston. Principal of
Model School.
Nannie Lewis. Assistant.
Pupil Teachers Senior Dept.
Josie E. Bain. Nellie A. Harrison.
Vesta Noves, Joseph S. Coleman,
Hugh Dobbs. W. Stewart Black, J.
P. Ah-orn Black, T. W. Blackburn,
Le.-die Lewis. ,
Junior Department.
Emma Arnold. Anna Ball, Louisa
A. Piper. Lucretia I. Tm-ker. Charles
A. Braiuurd. H. Wait Loofbourrow,
Win. Welsh.
Primary Department.
Emma Cowles. Belle Carey, Maud
Daily. Alice Emer-on. Mary Emer
son.' Susan J. Farusworth, Jennie
Hair.
The course of study has been raised
as much as the circumstances of the
case seemed to justify.
In addition to the professional stu
dies, the Normal students can pursue
any or all of tlie studies of the Aca
demic department. At present, the
teachers of tho Normal School give
instruction in the Academic studies.
The day Is not distant when there
should be a complete separation of
Academic and Normal or technical
training, when the faculty of the
Normal School should give exclusive
attention to tlie latter. So long as
students come to the School without
a knowledge of the studies which
they purpose teaching, they must be
instructed iu them here, and so long
as no special teachers are provided for
that work, it must be done by the fa
culty of the Normal School. Great
progress has been made both last year
and this in the plan of separating
common school .dVork. from Normal
School work.
Last ye-ir, two departments, prima
ry ami junior, with three grades each,
were organized in the Normal School,
flii year, another, the senior depart
meut, with three grades, has been ad
ded. The senior department has been or
ganized with special reference to the
Normal department, for which it is a
preparatory school. It is in charge of
Prof. Albert Nichols, who has shown
himself admirably fitted for h'is posi
tion. More than one hundred pupils
I lave thus far been enrolled in that
department. A Literary Society has
been organized In connection with it,
and it is gradually rising to the posi
tion of a well ordered high school. It
Is superior to tho Normal School in
the firs,t . ears of its, history ; such has
been the progress of the institution.
In addition to completing the com
mon branches in this School, students
aro there instructed in the elements of
Botany. Natural Philosophy, Physi
ology. Zoology, Algebra, Geometry,
Drawing, Music, and Gymnastics. It
sical Geography, L. S. History, Book-
bnoittnonnll Tvl t fl . '
m.'CUIJ fill". ..
These branches aro now taught in
all ithe giaded schools of the State,
and In the best of the ungraded. The
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BROWNVILLE', .NEBRASKA, THURSDAY.'DECEMBERll, 1873.
: T rf ' . "
tjme has fuUy come when anaeouain-
ia.nce wiin mem should, be required
of. every professional teacher wjio as
pires to anything higher than u.third
grade certificate, that badge of'intel
lectu'al bankruptcy which the State
grants to Uie incompetent,, to entitle
tli em to draw public support.
TThe formal School should nnthuy
.itself iu teaching, the matter of ele
mentary studies, hut the best method
nfr imparting "a knowledge "of them.
The eievatlng. influence of requiring
a knowledge of these branches 'as a.
condition of entering .the .Normal
School, will he immediate and , pow
erful. T?lje Normal School v,so,long
as it gives iuatrut-linu in. the matter,
pertaining to' these branches'; stoop-
to'the level of n district school. 'The
f-fs-eiuinl work of a Normal School Is
the discussion of the how .and the
why, and not the what of education.
But tiefjire students are prepared for
this high philosophy, there are need
ed good habits of th- ught and inves-
tigatidn, a certain maturityof judg
ment, and a somewhat 'familiar ac
quaintance with the ordinary facts
about which the philosophy concerns
i:self. " .
In tlie years' of its 'infancy circum
stances have uecessita'ted a low stand
ard of admissiop to the school, but
the increasing number of graded and
high schools in the State, warrant
the expectation that should jt put it
self in the attitude to invite and re
tain the graduates from those schools,
who wish to supplement their knowl
edge of the common branches'by a
year or two of the stud3' of the sci
ence of teaching, its classes will be
tilled by such. ' Should these, howev
er, on entering the school, find them
selves associated with those who are
far below them in attainments and,
habits they will quit the school lu
disgust.
Students who come thus prepared
can. in one year, acquire such an ac
quaintance with the faculties of the
human mind, the philosophy and his
tory 'of education, methods of instruc
tiou, school economy, &e., as will fit
them quite respectably for common
school teaching.
The organization of ihe school has
been carried to a higher point and a
more complete gradation secured
than has been possible before. There
is now a graded course of study ex
tending through twelve years, begin
ning with the Charts and ending with
those studies which fit students to en-
,U?r college.
Some of the subjects which have
received special attention this year,"
are: First, The Mathematical depart
ment, in which sich progress has been
made in securing system, unity,
thoroughness and comprehensiveness
that little remains to be desired. .
Second, The Language course has
been greatly modified. Beginning
with elementary vv'ork in the lower
grades, adapted to the capacity of the
pupils. The A Juniors are instruct
ed (orally) in Hartley's Language
Lessons; the C Senior havo Qnack
enboss's Elements of English Com
position ; the B Seniors. Grammar
and Grammatical Analysis, and the
A Seniors have Latin.
In the Normal department there
are three clusses iu Latin and one in
Greek. Latin is made available from
the first a an aid in etymology.
The Rhetorical exercises have been
carried to a much higher point than
ever before In the Preparatory and
Normal Si hools the practice of anal
izing subjects has received such atten
tion that students are making marked
advancement in the highest of all
arts, thinking.
Thinking, logical, profound, apt,
ready, i the grandest result of educa
tion, the basis of the highest success
in any department of life, the one
most essential requisite to an intelli
gent comprehension of the science of
education or successful practice of the
art of teaching. To this, therefore,
great attention is paid.
Third, Tlie effort began last year to
introduce systematic instruction in
the elements of the Natural Sciences,
into the lower grades," and especially
to prepare students to introduce such
instruction into the common schools
of the State, has been prosecuted to
a still more successful issue.
Fourth. Instruction in gymnastics,
has been given to Miss Kate Dicker
man, a longer time assigned to it, ap
paratus provided and far better re
sults attained.
Fifth. Kruse's system of drawing
has been introduced into the Junior
and Senior xlepartments, and prepar
atory work into tlie primary grades.
The government of the school, in
the Normal department particularly,
approximates nearer"each term to ab
solute self government. From the
beginning of the year to the present
time (three months)" there lias been
no case of individual discipline, and
only a few instances of thoughtless
ness requiring any comment from the
Principal.
From an extended personal knowl
edge and observation of colleges and
public schools, I am warranted in say
ing that no where, among the same
number and grade of pupils.is.there a
higher degree of good behavior than
is witnessed here, among tho students
iu the school room and on the streets.
the boarding hall.
The twenty-five hnndred dollars
appropriated by the last legislature
for repairs and Improvements of the
old building has al.l been expended.
A new floor was p'utinthe firststory.
raising it to a level with the entrance.
a cellar dug. the necessary partitions.
&c, put into the former chapel to
convert it into a dining room, kitcn
eii' mid .pantry. The walls of the
halls and .rooms have been papered,
the ceiljngs whitewashed, wood work
painted, the kitchen, dining room
and, laundry provided with stoves, ta
bles, dishes. &a and the rooms furn
ished with bedsteads, tables and
chairs, thus affording. ample and at
tractl.veaccomodationsfor forty lady
hoarder? at a very moderate expense.
Increased, fm'ilities for board, and
additional rooms where studeuts .can
board themselves, either singly or in
clubs, in the village near the school,
jire greatly needed, anil it is hoped
that the enterprise and public spirit
of thejionple "wll provider, them be
fore another year -begins. Lots can
JUejboughl jvloyfipjice or ground, on
twhich. toJtnlJVcau be leasedjfrom.the
Slate for a terimof years ,at. a merely
nominal sum.
By a wise and liberal act of the
Board of Education to-day, tuition in
the Normal and Preparatory School,
after the present term, is made free to
all. .
The number, of students enrolled
Ibis term is as follows:
Model School .... 301
'Primary department..'. . 41
J V niCl B immi inMttttiett-tt""'""
i
ix vfilidu
Junior department -.?...'. 51
v j rune
Senior .department .iU3
1 vjrrllll O
A, Vjrl(J 6. iS
Normal department............ GO
2iiu year.... ....- io
oru j cQr. . o
The attendance is now larger thau
ever before and is steadily increasing.
The great majority of the pupils come
to fit themselves to teach, and are in
that sense Normal studtnits. The
raising the course of study and the
standard of admission, reduces, for
the time, the number in tho higher
department. '
At the cloe of the present term the
"A" grade of the preparatory school,
having completed the studies of that
department, will be transferred to the
Normal. The whole number of those
in the school preparing to teacli is
about one hundred and fifty. A large
number of those in the lowerdepart
mente, although having now no fixed
purpose of teaching, will enter the
profession, so that we are safe in esti
mating tlie number of tins future
teachers of Nebraska who are now
being trained for their work in this
i-cbotr.'. at not less than two hundred.
The demand for teachers from the
School is greater than can be met.
Numerous applications this term have
not been filled Lowell appjiud for a
teacher, but we could not furnish one.
Six of our young men are now teach
ing in Missouri.
The Institute work done by mem
bers of the faculty this year has been
greater in amount, ami extended more
widely over the State thau ever before.
The. School' is felt as a power for
good in every part of the Stale; it
has however only begun its work.
All that lias been done is but insignifi
cant compared with the work to be
done.
Thee are some matters which sho'd
he-attended to at an early day to put
the School upon a still better basis.
1. The grounds about the building
should be enclosed by a neat, substan
tial fence, the forest trees properly
trimmed, the grove cleared of under
brush, the ground sowed with blue
grass, and walks laid out, aud orna
mental trees planted.
2. The basement of tho building
should be finished. All the air
which circulates through the entile
building comes through the basement
which should therefore be scrupulous
ly clean and free from dust, which
cannot be the case as long a? it remains
iu its unfinished state. Besides, the
rooms iu the absement are .already
needed for school purposes, aud will
soon be iudispeustble.
3. An additional number of teach
ers is needed.
a. A teacher of languages able to
give instruction in Latin, Greek,
German, French.
b. A teacher of Elocution.
c. A teacher of Drawing and Pen
manship.
d. A teacher of vocal music.
4. A library of books of reference
is an indispcnsible tiling in any res
pectable school of learning. A Nor
mal School without a library is like a
carpenter without a hammer, a tailor
without shears, a shoe-maker without
an awl. To ' make bricks without
straw," is not to be compared with
training teachers without, books.
5. Increased apparatus for Illustrat
i'lg the principles of Natural Philos
ophy and Chemistry, is also a neces
sity, and should be provided.
A Reading Room should be fitted
op aud supplied with daily and week
ly newspapers, educational journals,
and magazines. To be acquainted
with the current events of the age in
which we live, to discuss them and
form intelligent opinions ou them, is
a necessary part of an education.
The School should keep pace with
the growth of the State, and the great
demauds.it makes upon it for trained
teachers for its graded and district
schools.
The problem of Normal Schools in
America is an unsettled one. This
if
School, fplanted in the virgin soil of
this new and progressive State, un
trammeled by traditions, sustained by
a liberal support, should aspire, not.
only to rank as the peer of the best, I
- but to lead the way In the perfecting '
of the ideal of Normal 8chools, atid'
. I-
embodying this noble conception, not
only Iu 'buildings and.machlnery. but
in living nieo ana women, compe
tent to teach byliving rather than to
live by teaching. "
Respectfully submitted
T. J. MORGAN. Principal.
, FROM. THE PJRONTilCR.
-A gentleman just returned from a
buffalo hunt. Mr. Spencer, graphical
ly relates scenes, that occur in that're
gion, xhat are sometimes ludicrous
and sometimes tragic. Mr. Spencer
says that the couutry seat of Hitch--
cock county is located, at the mouth
of what ia known as Frenchman's
Fork, aud that a house, or rather an
original design situated there, serves
a hotel, store, rarlehe. Justice office,
coutt house, etc. This structure is
JHx24, story and a halt higqvoiid the
siding aud roofing is made or deer
skius1 tanned on both sides, similar to
that u.ed by the Sioux Indians in the
construction of their tents. A piece
of well'tubing, such as is usediiu the
small bored wells, .serves as a flue or
chimney.
A'short time ago an election" for
county officers wa held in this build
ing, and the town was called Culbert
riiii. The bulk of the voters present
were Texas Jack, Curly Jack, Wild
Bill. "Wild Jack, Old Lengthy and one
or two others.. While the election
was in progress, there was a distin
guished arrival from Republican City.
eat one hundred miles, in the person
of one Lucas, who from his'lo'ng hair
and generally dilapidated appearance,
was hailed us an A. No. 1 frontier
man. He had the reputation, or rath
er Wild Jack had heard some where,
that Lucas liar read law once in his
career, so he was unanimously chosen
county Judge Then a justice was
elected,, then Old Lengthy was elect
ed sheriff, and Wild BUI constable.
Each having voted for the other a
keg of ancient benzine whs broghr
forth aud buffalo liver and stewed
goose helped make a banquet and a
oarbuse next day. A party" of hunt
ers and trappers passed down the Val
ley, and three or 'four hours after
ward eii me a lone hunter on foot who
told these newly elected county offi
cers that his horse had followed this
uarfv of hunters
They said at once, that the horse 1
was stolen, ami Judge Wild Luca
made out a warrant for the arrest of
vthe entire party, and Sheriff 01l
went after and brought back the
party. After 'hey had arrived the
Wild Justice took tho leading man
of this hunting party .v-ide, and told
him that for forty dollars in ham)
paid he would cau-e them to be re
leased ; not having the money the
party were forced to give up eight, y
wolf robes at fifty cents each to get off
atnll. aud the horse waa not worth
six hit.
This is the flame horde that robbed
some settlers of their mules and $700
in grpenbaekssome weeks ago, and If
District Attorney McCahedoes not at
tend to them, he will not he alive to
the bpst interests of tho people of the
frontier. 2?ebras7;a Stole Journal.
Present Ditty.
The way to make easy times is as
clear as daylight.
Let every man or woman who owes
money, pay it at once, if possible.
Be "willing to make a sacrifice in
order to meet promptly all your en
gagements. Stop grumbling at the faults or mis
takes of others and attend faithfully
to your own affairs.
Deal fairly, leniently, and cheerful
ly with all persons who owo you or
aro in pecuniary trouble.
It you tare out ot dent, inanK wie
Lord ; and then go round among your
friends, and enemies too. if you have
any. and render them ull the assist
ance in your power.
Don't hoard your money; but loan
it or ue it to relieve the needy, on
the same principle as you would giVe
bread to the needy in the day of fam-
ine.
Do what 3Tou can in every way to
relieve pecuniary distress, to check
the current of financial embarrass
ments, and restore public confidence.
If you are a bank ofiicer or director
don't be cro"9 a minute. Smile, as a
Christian duty, from morning until
pight. Give an encouraging word, if
possible, tnall. and by 1I means strain
every nerve to help all who need it.
New Ynrk Independent.
Virginius was a Roman, and the
Virginlus was a roamer.
A panic conundrum" How many
mills make a dollar?"
The same engine at Spencer, Mass..
grinds sausage and prints the village
paper.
Doctor, what will cure the fever
of love?" '-The chill of wedlock,
mademoiselle."
Quiet, but firm. " Wanted, by a
strong German, a situatioiiin an eat
ing house. He understands his busi
ness." An Indiana lady held a burglar by
the whiskers until her huba.id came
borne. Burglars should shave often.
While witnessing a'game of base
ball out Wect, a boy was struck on
the head, the bawl comiug out of his
mouth.
A lady reporter, sent to an agricul
tural fair, wrote of a lot of young pigs
'They look too sweet to live a min
ute." A Davenport. Iowa, man bought a
light axe because hiswife was sick,
ami could'ut chop very well with. a
heavy one.
Mrs. Partington will not allow Ike
to play the gul ar. She says he hnd it
once when he was a child, audit near-'
ly killed him.
A Western woman complains that
since her hUHbanujoined the Patron
of Husbandry he has sown nothing
but his wild oats.
A French lady, hearing that a tun
nel cost five thousand francs a j'ard.
Importuned Jier hirsband to buy her u
dress of that material.
AHka St. Louis man about Chicago,
and he will admit that there is such a
place in Illinois, but wilUidd", "It is
all mortgaged to BorftorK"
Diogenus hunted' in the day time
for an honest man. with a lantern if
he had lived.in these times, he would
hav needed the bed lite of a locomo
tiff. Jos"h Billings.
A Rochester editor went hunting
the other day. for the first time in 22
3rars, and he was lucky enough -to
t
uin'gdown an old farmer by a shot
u'tlie leg. The distanceAvasOo yards
in
They have found gold in Alaska,
and the San Franciico people are ex-
stifart oVinol If Wo iiKuuvg Itmhtu ttioia
was gold there Tho Bussians got
seven raliUorjE of It
VOL. 18.-N0. 9. .
"Written for the Advertiser.
I VTAJfT TO BE A GRANGER.
BY NILP. f
..!"
I want to be a granger, ; t
And with tho grangers stand,
Suspender on ote shoulder
' And'hnsklnj: pisg" In hand;
'ThpreTlRhthehlnrt ray Wagon,
. Dhwtaat a glorious sight -
I'd, make the corn buck's scatter,
And work- from morn till night.
I never would be weary,
2or ever sell a steer..
But depend on borrowed "stamps"
To buy my lager beer,
Then honest, freo and Jolly,
Pd labor with my might,
And with' ten thousand grangers, ,
Work on froni'mora till night.
I know I'm rather lazyri.
.Out grangers will ftjrglvo, , w k
For many a "nilddlemaae -
Depends on them to live,
Dear patrons Yrhen I Jnlri.yoa,
And grain comes up so lileb,
Then, tell tha brother grangers
Monopoly must die.
. The President's Message.
Washington D. C, Dec. 2. 1873,
To The Senate and House of Representatives :
The year that has pdssed since the
submission of my last message to Con
gress has, especially the latter part of
it. been an eventful one to the coun
try. Iu the midst of a great national
prosperity a financial crisis has occur
red that ha brought low fortunes of
great proportions; political partisan
ship has almost ceased to exist, espe
ciallyln the agricultural regions ; ami,
finally, the capture upon the high
seas of a vessel bearing the American
flag, has for a time threatened the
most serhius conqueuces and has agi
tated the public mind from one end
of the couutry to the other. But this,
happily, now" is in the course of satis
factory adjustment, honorable to both
nations concerned.
THfi CAPTURE OF THE VIRGINIUS.
TUB REPUBLIC OF SPAIN.
In compliance with the request of
Congress I traiismitlwd to tlie Ameri
can Minister at Madrid, with instruc
tions to present it to the Spanish gov
ernment, the joint resolution approv
ed un ttie 3d of March last, tendering
to the people of Spain, in the name
and ou behalf of the American peo
ple, the congratulations of Congress
the efforts to consolidate in Spain the
principles of universal liberty in a
Republican form of government.
The existence of this new Republic
was inaugurated by striking the fet
ters In u. the slaves iu Porto Rica.
This beniticeiit measure waa followed
by tho release of several thousand
person. Illegally held as Blaves in Cu
ba. Next the Captain General of that
colony was deprived of the power to
set rside the orders of his superiors at
Madrid, which had pertained to the
office: since 1825, aud the sequestered
estates of American citizeus which
had been the cause of long and fre
quent correspondence; were ordered
to be restored to their owners. All of
these liberal steps were taken iu the
face of violent opposition, directed by
Ihe reactionary slave holders of Ha
vana, who are vainly striving to stay
the march of ideas which has termin
ated slavery in all Christendom Cuba
only excepted. Unhappily, however,
Uiii baneful influence has thus far
succeeded in defeating the efforts of
all liberal minded men iu Spain to
abolish slavery in Cuba, and iu pre
venting the promised reform on. that
Island. The struggle for politlvcl su
premacy continues with the pro-slavery
aristocracy in Cuba, which Is gra
dually arraigning Itself in more and
more open hostility and defiance of
the home government, while it still
niaintains a political connection with
the Republic in the peninsula, and.
although usurping and defying the
defying the authority of the home
government whenever such usurpa
tion or defiance tends in the direction
of oppression, or the maintenance of
abuses, it is still a power In Madrid
and recoguized by the government.
Thus an element more dangerous to
continued colonial relations between
Cuba and Spain than that which in
spired the insurrection atYarra.au
element opposed to granting any re
lief from misrule and abuse, with no
aspiration after freedom, command
ing no sympathies In generous breasts
aiming to rivet still stronger- the
shackles of slavery and- oppression,
has seized nvmy of the emblems of
po.ver in (Juba, and under profession4
of loyalty to the mother country, i
exhausting tho resources of the island
aud doing acts which-are at variance
with those principles of jiitice, liber
ality and right which gives nobility
of character to n republic. In the In
terests of humanity, of civilization,
and of progress, it is to be hoped that
this evil influence may be aoon avert
ed. The Bteamer Virginius was, on the
'2Qll of September, 1870. duly register
ed at the port of New York as a part
of the commercial marine of the Uni
ted States. Oh tile 4th of October,
1870, huviug tlie certificate of her reg
istry iu the usual legal form, she sail
ed from the port of New York, and
lias not since been within the territo
rial jurisdiction of the United States.
Ou tlie 21al of October last, while sail
ing under the flag of the United
States ou the high seas, she was forci
bly seized by the Spanish gunboat
tornado, and was carried to the port
of Santiago de Cuba, where many of "Sncuuurni aim mint rai. and I. te
ller passengers and crew were iim. "v h portion to justify such an
antv. mid mi far at least as relati-ii to !
m:
Ih
...i.-v. ....,.,-. ..si!.nJ .r.i. rr..i...i
States, without due process wl-iuWJ
put to death. It Is a well established
principle asserted by tho United
States Irom the beginning of her Na
tional Independence, recognized by
Great Britain andothermuririnepow
ers, and stood by iu the Senate in -a
, resolution passed unanimously on the
IGth day of June, 18-53, that Ameri
can vessels on the high sea in timeof
peace bearing the American flag, re
main under the jurisdiction of the
country to which they bcioug, and
therefore any visitation, molestation
'o'r dstiu-tl n of a vessel by force
on" the part of a fereign power is
a disregard of the sovereignty of
tlie United States. In accord
ance with this principle, the restora
tion of the Virginius and the surviv
ors of her passengers and crew and a
due reparation to the flag and the
punishment of the authorities who
had been guilty of the illegal acts of
violence were demanded. The Span
ish government has recognized the
justice of tlie demand and" has arraug-
tll' Pnr tho Immuiltnrn IultforW rf fl...
vessel and the surrender of the sur.
vivorsof the passengers anil crew and
for a salute to the flag and for pro
ceedings looking to the nuuishment
of ihoee who may be proved to haw .
LegaladverUseBsents at legal rev tsiiOa.qar8
(lOUne or Nonpareil spaceor.less.) flrstlasenloB
il.OO;' each suhseVjuent ln;rtlon, 50c " , "
87A-lltransciontadrertUements innatbe paid
forliindraneti . ' J
OFJFICIAX EAPER OP 3?HEl0UXTTw
been guilty of illegal acts of violence
toward citizens: of the UtiitertM States,,
audal.soto indemnifying Jhosa jfcho
may be shown to, be. .entitle frj in
demhlty. A copy" of the protocol of
a conference between the Secretary'of
State,andthe Spnuish Minister; "In
which' the terms of this agreement:
were agreed to, la to be transmitted
herewith. The correspondence" on
thia subject with the Legation of "the
United State aqd. in cipher, and bjr
cable, needs the Verification of the actual-text
of the correspondence, "arid
It haseemed to me to be. due to tho
importance of the case not to submit
this correspondence until the, accurate
text caVbe received by mail. It i
expected shortly and will be submit
ed when received. ':-..
AFRICAN SLAVERY. I5T rTTBA'. :
Ju taking leave of this subject 'tor
the present, lavish to njuew the,, ex
pression of my convietlqu .that.,the
existence of African slavery itf Cuba
is the principal cause of the-lamentable
condition of the Island. I do net
doubt that Congress shares with me
the nope that it soon wllfbe ihade" "to
disappear, and that peace and proa
perity may follow its abolition. .TJie
embargoing of American estates, ihv
Cuba, cruelty to American citizen
detected fh an act of hostility to 'th
opuiusu government, ine murdering
of prisoners taken with arms In -their
hands, and finally, the captute Upon
the high sea3 of a vessel sailing under
the United State? flag, and1 bearinn- k
United Stutes register, culminated In
an outburst or uidignntion thaCibas
seemed fr.r a time to threaten .war.
Pending the negotiations between tho
United States and the government of
Spain qn the subject of this1 capture.
I have authorized the Secretary. of
the Navy to put our navy oh a, 'War
footing, to the extent at least ofilie'
entire annnal appiopriation for that
branch of service, trusting, to Con
gress and the public opinion, of .tha
American people to justify my.actipuv
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS SU"
GESTED.
Assuming from the action of the'
last Congress in appointing a commit
tee on privileges and elections to pre
pare and report to this Cougress a conf "
stitutiona! amendment to provide a
better method of electing the Presi
dent and Vice-President of the 'Uni
ted States, and also from the necessi
ty of such an amendment, that tlie50
will be submitted to the State Legis
latures for ratification such an Im
provement iu our condition, I sug
gest two others for your considerationr
Fir.-t. to authorize the Executive- to'
approve of so much of any measure
passing the two Houses of Congress
as his judgment may dictate, without -approving
the whole, the disappi'ov-
ed portion or portions to be subjected
to the ?me rules as now : to be refer
red back to the House in which ther
measure or measures originated and'
if passed by a two-thirds vote of both
Houses, to become a law without tho
approval of the President. T would
add to this a provision that the to
should be no legislation by Congress
during the last twenty-four hours of
its sitting, i xcept upon vetoes, and iu
order to give the Executive an oppor
tunity to examine and approveor dis
approve understanding!. Second, to
provide an amendment that when an.
extra sssslort of Congress is enlivened
by Executive proclamation, tlio legis
lation during the continuance of such
extra session shall be confined tosuclr
subjects as the Executive may hrlny
hefore it from time to time in writing.
The advantages to he gained by theso
two amendments are obvious. One
session in each year is provided for
by the constitution, Ih which 'here
are no restrictions a to the subjects of
legislation by Congress. If more arc
required it Is always in the power of
Congress during their term of ollico
to provide for sessions at any time.
The firt of these amendments would '
protect the public against the many
abuses and wasto of public money3
whicl. creep In'to appropriation' billn,
and oths.i important measures pass
ing during the expiring hours of Con
gress to which due consideration can-'
not be glvsn.
CIVIL SEP.VICE REFOHM.
In three successive messages tcf
Congress, I hate called ntteutiyn to
the subject of civil service reforms.
Action has been taken ho fur art'trrcu
thorize the appointment of a bnarrto
devise rules governing the methods of
making appointtucntsand promotion ;
but there has never been any action
on theso ruins, or any rules tending,
or even entitled to- observance,, when
persons desire the appointment of-n
friend or the removal of an .official
who may be disagreeable. To havo
any rules affect it, tht-y must h'avu
the acquiesen.se of Congress as well ns
of the Executive. I recommendthere
fore tho subject to your atteution and,
snggest that a special eommltteo ot?
Coifgressmightonfer with tho civil
board, during the present session, for'
the purpose of devising such rufes n.
may bo maintained and will securo
the services of honest and capable of
ficials, and which will also protect"
them in a degree Independent while
in ofiice. Proper rules wilj prntpcfc
Congress a well a3 the Executive
from such needless precaution, and'
will prove of great value to- the- pub-"
lie at large.
AIOIISSTOn" OP COLORADO." -
I would recommend for your favors
able consideration the passage of aii,
act for the admittance of Colorado aa"
a Statu iu tho Union. It possce&es' ull
the elements of a o-rosperousr State.
agricultural and mintral, and I! Le-
HdmksioD. In this connection Tl
would also recommend thecncourairfl
ment of a ctuial, for the puriic -irri-.
gallon, from the eastern slope of tho
iwcrcy iiiouiitaiuff to the Missouri
River. -"'
I am opposed to donations of pub
lic I.Yudd for Internal improvements.
owned and con t ruled by private y
corporations; but in this, in'fancu I
would moke an exception. Between. -the
Missouri River ami tho Rocky
Mountains there is, a belt of pub I ft; -.
land, from .100 to 500 miles in width,
perfectly valueless for the occupation
of mrw for want of sufficient rain tb
secure the growth of any product.
An irrigating canal would make pro
ductive a belt as wiife'a the supply
of Wafer could be made to spreatT ovir
acros this entire country, and would
secure settlements connecting tho
present population of the mountain
and minintr regions with that or tht
other States. All the land reclarmeil
would be clear gain. Ji the alternate
sections were reclaimed by tha. gov
ernment. I would sugirtst that the re
tained sections be thrown onen to en- '
try under the homestead law, Riul'sel!
it to actual settlers for very low pti
ces.
THE CURRENCY.
To increase our exports aufBoIenJ
I
JWS
I" f'
Jt
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