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rtRVPIXGIATTEROxMiVmrA ; 7 ,,77,-7.,,,; ,
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r 1 -.--.--.-,-.---.-t--. tvttt anTri.T?.TASESIENAS. nirs Kn ir.eTT.i-.B-
J?EK.U Ai!VxiitiiaiBiJcAs. au --- ""'"w - --.- -, ..
W. S
THE ADVERTISER.
rabllhed every Thursday by
CAFJTRJEY & HACKER,
Proprioiors.
oaiW5-'o. 74 3Icrh-MonV Block, nrSMlra,
BROWVILT-T-. sEBIiASKA.
m' 1 r " ""
Tonus, in Advance :
fcae copy, one year.
nomnr.slx months
One copy, three months.
THE ADVERTISER
AiiYEJtTISING RATES.
Sa'K ik,.2 1 ay
&. ' lx 1 c:r
SPACB. Sj
'9.rl o
ZM 5-1
i o
Hall inch
Onelnch ,
Two Inches.,-.
Three-Inches
Six Inches
Twelve inches.
Onecoinmn
$ 50 iu i,v)it2.ooi-55j;.co es.oo
1.00 l.d 2.00 2.50' 5.001 T.O0 I0..O
V.UU i.a .5.TX.' 4.UV' T.UU lU.W 10.1'U
3.00 4.00 5.00) 8.00. 10.00 15.0C 20.00
5.00 7.00 8.00' 10.00 1A.0& 20.00 36.00
.a00.10.no 12.0015X0 tO.OCS3.00 .w.io
J.i.00 iSjDO 3)0)0 23.00 C6.0O6O.CO 100.6 0
BROWNVTLLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY AUGUST 28, 1873.
1 .1 ... 1 in I. 111 in. iirrwTrTrinMTTT''"' '- "
VOL. 1T.-N0. 46
a. .-
-. . .-. .--- ' -..... . 1
L.PKninnveni.icmpj3:5 rjiqsniraiei: unesqnnra
(lOUne of Nonpareil srncc. nt Mm.) flfit Insertion
J1.C0: eftchsub.eient Insertion. 50c,
jffi-AlltranscttMii advertisement mn be paid
forln advance.
OFFICIAL PAPER OF THE COUSTYf
BUSINESS CARDS
ATTORNEYS.
J. II.
Tti-natlv.
KSJ
" B. W. Tliomas,
vine. ta. .
StnU& ScUlck,
iir. T. Rocers,
ASSSSSi
irncllle.yeb. .
.."f:? nOUSSELOBS AT I..VW
ttok.:": "
i. lirowii"-i;
, fl HOLIiADA. . wtfmted In 1S51. Loca
. fle. d Olietrlclan.. Gt & Creljrh's
pros
r nhotptrics and QlfieRscj u -
toObVietrics
Insurance not a Privilege lint a Duty.
Continental Insurance Company
OF KSWYORK.
Assets over .$2,000,000
Looses tall in Culcnco. ... 1,500,000
Losses paiil in Hoston, .... 500,000
rMrt, maile a specialty, upon thelustnl
IyPm A.t ny Annnol PrnmlniTi nmn.
fj- 1 for five years; less than five years,
iilSKS stock plan.
Insure against loss or damage by Fire and
LlKhtning buildings and content", liny, grain
and stock. . GEO. T. llOI'E. Pres.
CVuos Pkck. Sec.
C. J. BARBEit, General Agent, Omaha.
P. M. MARTIN,
-AGENT EOR NEMAHA COUNTY.
H
a.
W. PETERSON
will make to oraer
BOOTS AITD SHOES.
M52AIB1HO 3D0NS PIIOMFTLT.
' Ciill and see Samples,
i KTO FIT 3STO SALBi
4LL WORK SYARZAXTgV.
m
M
13 AKJNTJSS .& 35:OOjOE"5T,
DAVID IJATtNES. "S. S. 3IOODEY.
DEADERS IN
tw
i5: -T - office
. . .-r,Tc Thvs!elananuiiuib."- -- .. -x
'S Dili GOODS g
JE?)13sSs'I BOOTS,
f.tr- Ad,lr -D" ! Queensware, H
EAL
JOHN BK.iITSDOT
1 Fashionable Boot and Shoe
52 ! nvrsis.
3 i CUSTOM WORK ALWAYS OX IUSD.
HI Repairs executed with neatness.
g ! CALL AND EXAMINE MY STOCK
M
si
BY
M'GOWEN.
h. Collection
K. 15. S3I1TH,
Justice of the Peace
AG-ENT; "
Special attention given to collection of notes
- and accounts for non-residents. .
"Address Box 50, PERU, Neraalm Co.. Neo.t
n.frttinTilli
L--":- rrTr.k.i.iinnd Conveyancer,
mmirn
f.uc L'-ie 1IH" .," 1 i 1 --11 ""
"MMBM" " pRtGClSTS.
I, AN DACESTS.
A. AKut. OHlcc in JPW SitStcntlon to
1 Atianiic streets. l rlJ e , i T
rr
JL !
HATS,
LAJIPS of Hie
in great
cVShuiajMcu tu
s&ifwsassssfisasfiaa-i.
L.r.!l Ratricx.
GRAIN DEALERS.
A FULL
Moul
for
Picture
o
m
GROCERIES
SHOES,
Glassware,
TTt
CAPS,
Latest Styles.
variety.
Geo. G. Start,
SADDLKHT.
tsSESJ
t
bz TIB E 1
taaoJ LINE OF
clings,
Frames.
1
" 0. JK." '
BariierSluQ feEsskirant
All work done in" the rieatest and latest
stvle The choicest brands of Cigars con
stantly on nd. Delicious CJonfecUonery
"o Cream In season. Oysters stews on short
fiot ice. Soda Fountain In ml! blast.
Fifth St. opposite Brick Churchi
OTTCT T ,
T Y UUiJ
lOWNfl.
make choice
SOLE rilOmiETOR,
ihas the exclublve right
of putting in nuuriu
WKljij iii-ri!j.uxi.i.i
COUNTY. Calls by
letter receive prompt
attention. Partimay
of PINE; RAI1VESIKU
RO OR CEMENT TUBING; Wo make
wells through ROCK, as we are provided
with a thousand pound horse-power drill.
Drill same size as Auger. Guarantee water
nr no nar. Postoulce addxess, PERU, Nel
lioring done in Winter ai Kdl as ummrr.
BAKES.
HIGHEST MARKET PRICE
PAID FOR
3T
TK- JSZ34b. b.
For Present or Spring Delivery
T H.RVUKU. HHrnBriai , Coltan 0
-J . 64 Main street. Brownv die. Neb. J.enuin0 uu
M.-Ltlslaciiouo""";"-." - -
ItOfdT
o
0:32
B .3
.M.
s I
BRIDGE BUILDING.
n W. V.-nEELi:n.Bnd?eBvUlderr;nd Contractor
brldse now-111 ns.
HOTELS.
r. t nii5lson. Proprietor.
ni.S:"?
Feed and Livery SUtblo in connecuua ..lu w
JIuuse.
I M LlllC AN 11UL.-51-.
-i i
GUN S3IITII.
WM. F. crnADDOCK, Gun Smith & LoA smith.
Sliop sit No. M, ildiu street, HrownvUlc,
SebraSS. nuns made to order, and ropalnnRflonc
prjmptly it cheap rates. -,.
BLACKSMITHS.
Vfc arc constantly filling up with nevr goods
which we
SEZJ ICrW DOWN
to suit purchasers.
we REFniojnnicusT03iEiis.
S.R. BAILY,
DRUGS, MEDICINES,
CUErllCALS,
FINE TOIIillT SOAPS,
Fancy Hair Jfc Toeth llrushes.
Perfumery,
Toilet Articles,
'f HUSSES, SHOrLDEK BIIACES,
Gran and Garden '!,
PURE WINES AND LIQ.UORS FOR
MI2DICINAL PURPOSES,
Paints, Oils, Tarnislies and Dye Stuffs,
'"Letter rapcr,ten,Tnl.i, Envelopes,
GLASS, PUTTY.
Carbon Oil Lumps and Chimneys.
Physician's Prescriptions Carefully Compounded
3 f-y T2. c
.5 5 , O
1 1
.t- v. niliKon.
I)T.CKHMITH AND W?SE SHOEft. First
". .rr,.t between Main and Atlantic, ilrowci Hie,
-eb. w!rk"oM to order and satisfaction gnaran-
BOOTS AND SHOES.
s
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ads
1 t.t. v TtOBINSON. Itoot and Shoe Maker, No.
AMa?aSrrcet.Brovnv..lle Neb . H. tent
lv on baud a cood ussortnicnt or Cent s, J-mlJ s,
Mi,.Sd Children's Boots and Shoes. t"ustom
wo done witiMiMtneM and dispatch. Itcpnlrius
done on short notice.
SALOONS
TOSK1MI UUDn IIT A CO., Peace and Quiet Sfi
0 loon. No. -ilMain street, nroxvnville, Neb. The
bpstWlnesaiKJ L,i5UorsKfiiu nu".
,i 11 in 1 11 umi 11 11 1 n 11 iim n i' ' ' ""
L. A. 3erg22iaii3i & Go.,
Manufacturers of Cigars,
and Wholesale Dealers In t
Chewing and Smoking Toko,
Orders from the country promptly filled,
and satlsfASiloniguftMUteed
2fo.41 2Iaiu St.,BK0Yi'SYILLE,XEB.
Clocks, Watches, Jewelry
JOSEPH SHUTZ,
Ko. 59 lilnin Strt, Brosmvillo.
Keeps constantlv on hand a large and well
- 4fc t..i..i.., f rifw.i-t. wiohni Ann J(wplrv
ltl-iaillllfe W l.wo, .imvi.v..... .
done on short notice, at reasonable rates.
ALL WORK WARRANTED.
TRTTHH liXSTE.
I 0 annll nnA Trnnninr KOOV
, A, Vrl rlllll ON QbfvOi
MAKE REGULARTRIPS DAILY FROM
PERU, NEBRASKA,
TO
Tfnlt-rnslrn. making eonneetlou with trains
City, on the Midland Pacillc R. K,
"Brownville nnd return daily, makinpeon
necnmTvith the Busses to 1'helps Station,
Mo., on the K. C, St. Jo. &. C. U. II. U.
AIpo with hacks to ArngoviaNcraaha City,
Asp'lnwall, Hillsdale and St. Deroin.
FREIGHT AND EXPRSS of a TJ TinfIc;
transferred on these routes rill lVlllUJ
at reasonable rales.
3- Passengers comfortably provided for.
Charges moderate.
OFFICE at Daily Bros.'s Drug StorO. Peru.
All orders will receive prompt attention.
21. H. THOMPSON, Prop't.
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I approach the penning of this ar
ticle with a full appreciation of the
responsibility "that rests upon me.
The consequences that may result ei
ther for weal or woe to many readers
at a distance who contemplate mak
ing this country their future home
and might make their final deoision
upon statements made here. To start
fairly with my feaders I will say that
l nave 110 ..leiirubttH lanus lor auiw, a
write for the purpose of making the
olimnro nrnriiipfiniiB unit rpcnnn-PS nf
this beautiful country known to the
toning minions or over crowueu anu
inhospitable regions, where the fami
ly cfrole is kept together by the sever
est economy, and by dint of the hard
est labor, from one year's end to an
other. Thousands of people in many parts
of the world are asking themselves,
how can we better our condition and
..fortunes.?, .yhere shall.we go to pro
cure treluxuri9 ana necessaries or
life with greater ease? to lay by a
competency for old age, and an inher
itance forour children? Such is the
universal inquiry all over the old
wnrlil.
The necessity tor a change of popu
lation from countries where it is in
excess to countries sparsely settled is
the same as that for the transfer of
produce or commodities from coun
tries where they are not wanted.
They are without value until they are
transferred, but become of great val
ue when removed to where they are
wanted. The excess of population in
most oarts of Europe not only causes
great suffering from want and desti
tution, but is often a heavy burthen
on the government, requiring the es
nnnriiturp of millions annually for the
relief of indigence and distress. And
yet these thousands of suffering peo
ple, when transferred to a country
like this, are at once made happy,
conteuted and prosperous, atid in
stead of being a burthen to the conn
try where they now are, they become
a source of great national wealth and
prosperity. These considerations
prove beyond all donbt that this
transfer of population from countries
Which are suffering from its great ex
cess, to countries which are suffering
for the want 01 it, is an oujecb m gie.ui.
national concern, and there is not,
nnrliRM n Kiiifle miestion more im-
uV..- i- 1 -- cj a
the use of fertilizers, and whan it is
considered that these heavy yields are
obtained wi h imperfect cultivation,
there is no reason to doubt that such
splendid results may be obtained for
man j', many years, by more thorough
and improved moites of culture. W
know that to make a good crop of
wheat In New York, Pennsylvania or
Ohio, that the ground is first plowed
deep with two, three and sometimes
four large horses; it is tnen cross
plowed, thoroughly harrowed, plant-
eu witn a seea arm, anu mou new
rolled. If a piece of Nebraska land
was to receive such attention" as thiB
It would blush like a maiden. In her
first love. The truth is our farming
until very recently, has been of the
rudest description, with here and
there an exception, and it is worthy
of mention that these exceptions, all
good farmers, have rarely, if ever,
failed to make good cropa.
FRUITS.
The country is not, as yet, stocked
to any great extent with the different
varieties of fruit; there are,, however,
enough to give every assurance that
fruit culture in time will enter large
ly into the occupation ofour people.
Reaches are now so common In tile
river counties that nearly every fami
ly iioQ nn nhnniiance. The trees
grow without any attention whatever
and upon any variety of soil. Fifteen
years ago it was the general opinion
that apples aud pears would not do
well Here, anu very iew went "
expense of planting. The few how
ever who did are now reaping a gold
en harvest, and all are now planting
to the extent of their ability to pro
cure the trees, as no further doubt ex
icto no tn tliolrndnntation to our soil
and climate. We have eaten as large,
luscious, juicy and as highly liavored
apples aud pears here, as we ever saw
in any State. All kinds of small
fnilfc .rmw horn to nerfeetion. Graues
grow wild in an abundance, and it is
doubtful whether there Is a couutry
on the earth's surface better adapted
to grape culture than this. Gentle
men who have lived upon the Rhine
pronounce It equal to that famous re
gion, where, be it remembered, land
set in grapes is" worth two thousand
dollars per acre, and pays twenty-five
percent, upon that sura. The vine
tr. -Vol.rnclrn la HOVpr killed bV frOStS,
or troubled by mildew, blight, worms,
bugs or rot. As it is now decided
that Nebraska is a cood fruit growing
Ciotu n.wl tlmt frnit erowincr is a
kikUL., ....v. ..- r- ..-
TT.,nHroila ftir nfre whlfh hilt tt few
years ago contained not asingle shrub
iivrf hopomft tnicKiv covereu wmi r
thrifty growth of tine young timber.
The principal indigenious trees are
the cottonwood, ash, elm, box elder,
soft maple, and different varieties of
oak, black walnut, hackberry, cedar
and willow. Cottonwood is of re
markable growth. It grows every
where and "under all circumstancos.
It i9 muoh used for building purposes,
and when seasoned makes a quick hot
nre. it snouiu oe me nrat care ui we
settler to set apart a portion of hte
homestead for ..the growing of trees.
Fifteen aoresof cottonwood and black
walnut planted ten feet ripatft each
way and well fended for six years,
will supply all the fuel nnd fence
posts required for any ordinary farm
for all time to com. Those who came
to Nebraska a few years ago and had
the foresight and care in this respect
lire to-day abundangy supplied with
Umber, from groves of their own
iittncr. The farmers are of late
turning thdir attention to the oultt-4 will not be less
roads will soon become a part of the
Trunk road which will run' ttldug the
eastern side of the 3tat8. from the
month: of the Rli? Nemaha, in the
southeast corner of the State, to the
moutn or tne jNionrara on ine norm,
and finally connect with the North
ern Pacific.
Among the roads in prospective ore
the Grand Trunk, St. Paul & Ne
braska, Sioux City & rfenver. Grand
Island & Montana. The last two ex
tend through the northern partof the
Srftt. and if built will extend throueh
I fine grafting and farming lands, wa-
terea oy in numeraoie streams 01 uicar,
orvBtril waters." and abounding in
myriads of the finest fish in the
world. With the development of our
young State by the various railroads
uow in course of construction this
noiintrv must increase in wealth, pop
ulation and commercial importance,
as our resources are brought into mar
ket, and as our means of communica
tion multmlv. The ratlroails now
built and in
rTursery is ownsd by (Joverrior Furnas and soni.
Falls City, Rulo and Salem, are situated In
Richardson County, and are ontthe Atchison &
Nebraska R. R.
Beatrice and TeramKh are places of rabidly
increasing importance At the former place a
Published the Nebraska Tcacrzi, a monthly
journal, devoted to the cause of education.
Bellevue, Fremont, Schuyler, Columbus,Grand
Island, and Kearney Junction, are situated in the
Platte Valley, and are all pfoces of considerable
importance.
, a single question mme ' r ' " ",i " " (Ma amnin -mPnt.
peratively demanding the attention rPl i" '" T"' "" ,7" Tu"
of the Kovernments .of Europe and nUl .-; -
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1HEE1AN H0tTSE:
BILIiIA CD HAI.I-.
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J. G. RUSSELL,
Uealer In
HES,
WnOLSS.VTiK "I RETAIL.
IS Main Street,
UHUQRS
&
CIGARS
i
We invite your attention to the superiority of the
F3 DESK & SETTEE
COMBINED.
IT HAS THE FOLDING DESK AND SEAT.
IT IS FREE FROM NOISE.
IT IS STRONG. BEAUTIFUL, CONVENIENT,
DURABLE.
The catin:r? arc one-tbnrth heavier than thosd of
ny other de-k. and eo fiunsed ns to fcecure the
?roatest possible wtreiintii. The wood Is selectea
dierrv. waluut or ash, thoioushly spasonett anu
klln-drted. and handsomely llnislied in shi'llac.
. " .... Ai. AiuifitiruU..- firmi Anil
slatted. We gnarantce asalnst breakage In Jair
lipase. It fits tha seuooi nouse tor si-uoui ur u'uiui
IMin!.0!. .-,. iciitie n mr . as its
name indicates, an elesant stationary 1 op Desk.
The "UCONO'HIC"" absolutely defies competi
tion In prices lor furAlture WHIcn IS GOOD
Wc are also mamwra rull line of Uec tat on Set
tees. Teacher's Desks. Chairs, and all SCHOOL
FURNITURE. Osir list of apparatus includes
Clocks, Hells, Globes, Maps, Chans, Slated Taper.
Liquid SlalinR. Chalk. Philosophical and Chemical
Apparatus. Dictionaries, and everything desirable
In any grade of schools, all of which we wlllhell
for cashVor on suCident time to enable a district to
levy s-id collect a tax.
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rURKITURS.
J-. L. 20"
Dealer In
W. T. MOORS &, CO.,
Commission Merchants,
SHIPPERS,
AND DEALERS I GR VIN AXDCOAL,
72 Main Street,
BrovnvilIe. iTellraslia.
syl
"IT UB till HT I"
BODY & RRO,,
(SCCCESSORS TO J. L. CROOKS &. CO..)
BTJTOHEES !
KTTN TVJO SHOPS.
One opposite Sherman House, on Main street, the
other next door to UrattonV, on Sixth street.
Good, sweet, fresh meat always on hand, and sat
sfuctlon iraaranteed to customers. 17-22-ly
KVL..rtp-.TiAnfiinirCascIs ranidly snpercedmB the
ordinary reading Tablets. to00 groups, phrasra ami
sentences, basod npon tne word-method, nam. rainy
adapted to primary lessons in Drawing. Numbers,
lteadint:. and Grammar. Address our nearest agent,
who will call upon you without delay.
National School Furniture Co.,
113 nnd 115 State Strcc,
CHICAGO.
P.M. MARTIN. Exclusive A sent for Otoe. Ne
maha. Uichardaon and Pawnee counties, solicits
corre-pondence. Will visit you wi'hsamples. Five
or ten-year bulldlns bonds negotiated without
charge to patrons. Addess
Bex 101, Pern, Itebraslia.
CHARLES GAEDE
ritontiroK.
Guests received atallhonrs, DAY
and NIGHT. Connects with
Livery StaIlo
under same management.
XQ-Careful attention Riven to the
wants ofRiiesls. AVe refer to the
traveling public:
AGON &LACKSM1THHQP
ONE DOOR WEST OF COURT HOUSE.
WAGON MAKING, Repairing,
Plows, and all work done In the best
manner and on short notice. Satisfaction puaraa
teed. Glveblmacall. 31-ly.
T.ETTER HEADS, a
m BILL HEADS
Ncanyrr-Intcd at thLs onlce.
Immmmlm ,
fcomn
CHI
Juan
Undertaking a Specialty.
-
a
Keeps a full Una of
rtn tit
C. W. CITEL.BEIITSOK;
tti nnA
anu
CONTRACTS TAKEN.
Material Purnislied when Desired,
at terms and rates which defy corripetitlon.
Address, or call atfftiop, corner tilth-id
ParK streets, Pern. Neb, .
Refers to -jM m. WILES.
KETALIO AND WOOD
BXJHIAL GASES.
5 3Tain Street, BRQWNTILLE, litB.
Syl'
TiLANKS of all binds, forsafeatthe'-Advertise
Xi conntins Rdomd.
mmmmmfYJfgggypgmmmWm:mmmmmS9mmaLmmmmTmCm7mmmmmmmmmmmm.mm.
r, J. BIAKB,
"lfe
America, than that of immigration,
for this very means of relieving the
necepsities of the former will supply
the wants and necessities of the lat
ter. But in the absence of proper
treaty regulations by governments
for thus relieving tfieir mutual. neces
sities, there is the greater demand for
individual enterprise and associated
cardial to accomplish tho same end :
- . : -...s r :....;....
nenco uio organisation imimK"
tion associations, more or lesscompre
henftiro in their scope, embracing
neighborhoods, counties, and even
State, is now admitted to be ono of
the great instrumenlalirie.i of promote
ing the prosperity and increasing the
wealth and population of our glorious
country. It is an established rule
that a poor man has more advantages
in-a new country than in oiib which
,-a M fnr i h rnaon that labor is more
valuable in the one than in the
other. Nebraska is a new coun
try, large areas of her domain have
never seen the plow, the prairie wolf
and deer go from their lair unscared,
the "noble red man" paddles his light
canoe along the rocky shores of her
sylvan streams, or pursues the pant-,
ing lk unmolested. Thousand of
wilii huff-does feed upon her broad
Kcreh every year. She has an empire
of territory exceeding in extent 15.000
square miles.more than all New Eng-
. 1.....1 fr..vi-lt- Ariine. New Hamp
shire Vermont, Massachusetts. Con
necticut and Rhode Island. Nebras
ka forms a part of the tract which
formerly went by the general name or
the Great American Desert, lying be
tween the 40lh and 4.rd degrees of
.i. i:..,.i unit ivtfiuls from the
Missouri River went to the 2i of lon
gitude from Washington, or through
i . cjo ,i,,.,w.a nf lniitritude. anil IS
therefore nearly 425 miles in length .
It was organized as a territory in 18o4,
at the same time with Kansas, prior
to which period it had not over one
white individual to evi-rjf r
miles of its surface. In 186 ebras
ka became a State in the Union, with
about 80.000 population. Her popula
tiou in 18G0 was 28,8 12, and in 1S0 it
was 122,093. In the same year t.iere
were about 1,500,000 acres of improv
ed land in the State, and tlje domes-
.:.. ..;,.,lo ,,-oro vnlMPM at lllre uijui
Ul'lliuiiuia ..j.w .....
$8,000,000. showing an increase of pop
ulation aud wealth over the census of
1SG0 of about 330 per cent., or 65 per
cent, per annum.
The Missouri River forms its east
ern end part of its northern bound-
ary. Along tne margin ui . ...-
blufis rise hundreds of feet above its
iBvel, back of these the prairie resem
bled the waves of the ocean suddenly
arresWd in their swell and changed
..tn cnil anil rnrll IE IS lieVOUU ;
powers of my feeble jieir-todescribe
the wondrous beauties of thesei prai
ries. Go where you will, at every
step enchanting views meot the de
lighted eyo. The high undulating
prairie, the lovely valleys luxuriating
in perennial green and watered by
bright, sparkling creeks and rivulets,
mirroring the blue vaults of heaven
in their bosoms, living photographs ot
eternal beauty. Aim men ineumm-.
where in all the world can you Jinn
snp.h lovelv moonlieht nichts, Iiqmo
light, so softly bright that you can
read by it as well as by day, and tnen
the cool, refreshing breeze that comes
down after the heat of the day, for al
though we are on the extreme east oi
-..-r.t. i. .. 1.0. imnllllfnin breeze'
iei)lHKH VCl uir .........v...--
finds us out. and leaves its home on
the snow capped peaks. V,tnesl:
awhile among our beautiful nius auu
valleys.
SOII.
As to the -soil it is all the farmer can
desire. It will grow anytning
evervthiuc peculiar to this climate.
Com. wheat, oats, rye, barley, pota
toes, buckwheat and sorghum are tne
principal productions as yet, but it is
believed that cotton, tooaccu, auu w.
sugar beet would flourish and attain
i,o hirrlipst decree of perfection. Ir-
l hdi and sweet potatoes grow to a size
and delicacy ot liavor rnreiy " -equaled.
Turnips, cabbages, beans,
peas, and all the small vegetables do
well here. The soil is all black loam,
not stickey and stiff, but friable and
easily worked. There are fields in tne
eastern counties which have been in
cultivation for the last fifteen years,
nnd which now, according to tne
statement of the owners, prouuw
thnn in dn without it. is ample appol-
ogy for making the subject one ot par
amount importance, and to bring in
to view everything bearing upou the
subject towards its perfection. Of ap
ples and peaches a number of superi
or varieties have already been pro
duced in our oung Stale, but the
supply of fine varieties of the pear is
yet inadequate, more especially of late
kee ping varieties. To supply this de
ficiency we would recommend the
trinl nf snob varieties us the Chaum-
antelle, the Colman and its subvarie
ties, Bruno, Ranee, Beramot, For
tune, and probably some of the fine
eld varieties which have- decayed at
the eastJiiay, hi more genial climates,
have their existence so far prolonged
as o be among tho moat desirable.
The importance aud value of our
calling in developing the resources of
our State, in the occupation of unim
proved lands, adorning pur inuuc
steads, enhancing tho Value of real
estate, multiplying the blessings and
comforts of life, and promoting a
great source of national wealth, can
not be too highly appreciated. The
more I reflect upon the progress we
are making, I am confirmed in the
belief that this branch of culture will,
eie 1 ng, be pecond only to the growth
of the bread and meat of Nebraska,
and the time will soon come when
everv man can sit under his own virie
and -fruit tree, when all our hill sides
,i.iti roinino in thfi hnrden Of the vin-
tace. our vallevs teem with the guld
en fruits of the orchard, and the pas
sing breeze become vocal with songs
of gratitude and praise for these ben
efactions to posterity.
STOCK RAISING.
Y-
All Operationj Per- !iui" "' "" " " "ii o when
formed In the best nearly, if not quite, as well as wnen
EianJiur. j tnl7 lemjPtraUir wuwu u i f -'J- -
OrricK: ' on' K-.lilr- nf nnm n'nn 40 Of -Wheat
At residence on Main . ha.e been raised to the acre without
am-v.i.
J have been raised to
Western Nebraska forms one of the
most remarkable grazing countries in
the world. It is watered by clear,
running streams, broad fertile valleys,
comprising thousands of acres cover
ed with nutritious native grasses, tip
on which stock will subsist in excel
Lmf onmliLimt during the entire year.
The grasses of the high plains and
slopes, when ripe, dry upon tht-stalk,
forming uncut hay, superior to that
prepared by the most careful curing
in tho agricultural States. Along the
bluffs skirting the numerous valleys,
are canyons or hollows often heavily
timbeied, which furnish protection
and sheltor for tho stock during
storms. Disease among stock iB en
tirely unknown, ine per cent, m
annual loss of stock herded upon the
'plains without hay, grain or artificial
shelter is leas than among the care
fully fed and sheltered htook of the
Eastern States. Tho meat is rich,
sweet and tender. It is estimated
thatduring the winter of 1871-2, upon
the line of the Union Pacific railroad.
Hint 140 000 head of cattle. 75,000
oV.no nnrl 7 000 liorses were winter-
ed, and notwithstanding the severity
of the season, exceeding that of any
winter previous for twenty-five yerirs.
the stock did remarkably well with
but comparatively few losses. This
immense region, once the home nf
nlmiiai lion I a nf hufTklo. elk. ante-
lone and deer, and capable of feeding
1 . . Ml! . C 1AA9
glimmer and winter millions n utrmi
tof stock, has become avallatno Dy
means of the great Pactno .Railroad
that now crosses it from east to west.
Here i? a grand optjniug to the stock
man. woolgrowcr, and dairy farmer
to follow his chosen occupation, with
but little labor and the certainty of
realizinc. an immense profit, on the
line of agreat railroad where exists
facilities tor snipmeut ni bmra uuu
supplies unknown in any other graz
ing country.
TIMBER.
Nebraska is a prairie State almost
orninaivplv. Tt, pniitflins no nine for-
ouiu nr hlnpfc swnmns heavrlv timber
ed, requiring a life of toil to clear up
in order to mane n lann. iaer muau
prairies and beautiful valleys are at
once ready for the plow, aud to re
ward its owner for Im first labor With
Hnimrifiii ernn. Yet there is plenty
of timber for present use. In the in
terior towns of the State and- along
the line of the railroads, wood is sold
at prices lower than in many towna
of the same size in the older aud tim
bered States. On the banks of every
stream, on the bluffs, and in the ra
vines timber is found m consiuerauie
nimntif-v nfrpn extending back from
the streams and expanding into beau
tiful and extensive groves. Where
the country has become settled and
ftisffresF k-ewfc',QuX timber crows" dp
J profusely and witn grfcert rapidity.
i-nHnn nf thp OsaCrfi Oranae hedge
and thoy are invariably meeting with
spleudid results. This plant is easily
.! ...i j.;,n nn.l rulll In
Cultivated, gruiva rnpiuij ".'
three years make a" hedge sufficient to
turn 4jtb'ek. These hedges form a
beautiful shade and shelter for stock,
aud gives the most delightful appear
ance to the farm.
GEOLOGICAL.
rpimf nni ovists In the southeastern
counties. Is now established beyond a
feuaonalile doubt, aud in Richardson
county, along the Atchison & Ne
braska railroad line, several drifts
have been made, and two veins are
found, ono measuring 22 and the oth
er 27 inches In thickuess separated
by four Inches of shale of slate. These
coals are of the most superior quality.
They ignite easily and burn with a
bright mellow name, emitting no un
pleasant odrir. They generate heat
easily, and aro generally popular as a
fuel. Announeemorits of other di?
coveries of coal have been made. A
fnur foot vein is reported in Dakota
county; one of about the same thick
ness is reported in Lincoln county,
and on the Republican River it is as
serted to exist in considerable quanti
ties. That these coal beds underlie
the larger part of the State, it cannot
be doubted. The veins in tiie eastern
of am. faniKl nt nn reat depth and
J...., ...ofiv ho worked bv. means of
V.al lwa..T -''
drifts, and can be supplied to consum
ers at from four to five dollars per ton.
and still leave a large margin for prof
its to the compauy working the
mines. The 'discovery of these vast
deposits of coal will greatly enhai 03
the facilities for manufactures, and it
U destined to exert a powerful influ
ence in the speedy settlement and de
velopment of other resources of the
State. Salt is found in great quanti
ties in Lancaster county, ine suit
. : to o rrraiit h?iiin throutrh which
Salt Creek flows. Salt springs rise in
great numbers irt salt marshes. The
brine, when unmixed with surface
water, is of great sttength aud puri
ty, containing but five percent of for
emen mineral matter. Peat, marl and
gypsum if found in roiisfderable
quantities. quarries in duc..c..v
buildine stone' have been opened at
different points, and good brick raft-
ii ia rnnnil in nvBrv nortlon of the
State. Marble, granite and limestone
are among the varieties of stone.
Manufactures furnish one of the most
excellent fields for investment in Ise
braska. Our State should not only
..,.,fwiiro fill that is reoulred for
home consumption, but a large sur
plus for exportation. The State sup
plies excellent water powers, goon
building material and cheap fuel : all
that is required is capital and skilled
labor.
RAILROADS.
The importance of this enterprise is
not surpassed by any other State Jn
the Union. Nearly 1,500 miles have
a'ready been completed. The Union
t.:rt diri xT t. Omaha on the
v;est bank of the Missouri River,
crosses the State, making over four
i i r.i..a nf rnilrnad running: in
IlUllUICU IUIH.O .
a direct line west, through a part rT
Nebraska's finest agricultural and
grazing Inndo, connecting the im
mense timbered regions of the east
and north with the prairies of the
west. Thero Is no railroad in the
world with a more magnificent coun
try than this from which to draw its
sustenance. To aid in the construe
... r .u: rrmat nntional road tne
llOII ui una s.i -- - JT
KOTernnient conferred upon the Un
ion Pacific Railroad Company large
tracts of land, contained in alternate
sections of one square mile each
within a breadth of twenty miles on
either side of the railroad and extend-
.in., thP Ptitira line. i uw
XDCCATIONAt.
When we consider the Comparative youth of
the State of Nebraska, its immense expanse of
frrrimrv. and fke narffni of H nnnulatinn if
will scarcely be expected that, 34 -t, we should1
hare the Birdigestetr public school system in
practical eperation. Our law-makers, however,
have not lost sight of the necessity of systemat
ic mental culture, and the Legislature of ft
oraska, from time to time, has. BeeriToT a char
acter making ample provision for this great ele
ment of State progress. A vast landed estate.
fkneitni rI turn innin m"t mnaK -'
The railroads now been dontcd.tirthe Sur ,he Geasral 'Gor.
C.w P8eo?nACOntr" ti0jMtnrSent, and tapara permanent endow-"
! than 2,500 miles m exf- -r ' t. nnMr icn-M,4 ThMff ,an . ...
...... .. .- , ...-
amounr, in the aggregate, to nearly 3,coo',COcr
acres. The price at which this land can' be sold
is fixed by law at $7,00 per acre. Those sold,
thus far, have Invariahly brought a higher price"
-than could bcobtained for other JarJds near them,
yielding, on art average, ioo per acre, the
principal tfscs accruing guarded by Coastitutionatr
guarantee against diminution, forms a permanent
School Fund for all time to come. The income
from this source is already sufficient, where it it
densely populated, to maintain the public school
and render taxation- unnecessary. The forrria
tion of school districts, and the building of schbol
houses, keeps eea!- pace with the rtttlemcnts,
placing the means of obtaining an education:
within the reach of every child in the State.
With our magnificent" and valuable portion of
public domain set apart for school purposes, it
will readily be perceived that Nebraska can es-t-iMIch
a school svstem second to none in- the
whole country, and that with enlightenbd legis
lation that whhed fcr consummation will toorf
'be effected.
tent. That they will be completed Is
insured almost beyond a doubt. Es
timated at the ordinary average coat
of railroad building $30,000 per mile
these roads will be a substantial and
permanent investment in our State of
$75,000,000. 4
This, taken In connection with- the value' of
.1,- ..nnn miriir?V linrxf' denoR. kc . the
I increased value of the property in the immediate
I . r .k- ... . ... .n .i. rViir
YlCinilY ui (kiia(iuji3, luwiu u w.b.w ....
will be created along the vanous routes, ana tne
enhanced value of all the lands that will be
brought into communication with these highways
of trade, serve to convince us that the career of
wealth and prosperity our railroad interests are
about to inaugurate for .NenrasKa cannot be over
estimated. Increase, m wealth and population,
atid a Jeveiopment of the highest type of en
lightenment, must attend a complete system of
communication hetween all parts of Nebraska
and the commercial world.
KIYZBS.
The Platte is the largest in the State. It is
formed by a junction of the riortfa and south
fotks of the Platte, nearly 300 mile west of the
Missouri, they having their sources amid the
snow-capped peaks of the Rocky Range in Col
orado. It empties its turbid Waters into the
Missouri, at or near Plattsmouth. It has a fine,
broad, level valley abounding in rich grasses.
There are many settlements along this stream,
and room for untold numbers more, irr rne
whole of the United States, north or south, east
or west, can there be found a better watered, or
fini-r nr healthier climate, ncr better and more
reliable feeding grounds, than in the valley of
the North and South Platte.
Wood River, has its source in the west part
of Dawson County, and fiow3 south through
Buffalo and Kail Counties, and empties into the
Platte at Grand Island.
The principle tributary of the Platte is Loup
Fork. It has its source-in the extreme western
part of the State. It is formed by three forks,
which connect in Howard County, and flows
east, receiving on its course the waters of Beaver
and Cedar Creeks, and finally deposits its clear
,,i ,.ii,,riil waters in the Platte, nearly So miles
r. .u- iL4;r.i,ri ttivrr. It drains a recion of
llUill ms- mix" -- w
country ncaily 35,000 miles ia extent.
MinKram River, has its Source in the extrsnTC
nortrr-yeit corner of Nebraska flow? east, and
empties into the Missouri River near Niobtara
city, in Knox County. This river and its tribu
taries drain a vast extent of fine grazing and ag
ricultural lands.
The Elkhorn, is a tributary of Platte, and
fine luclf in the north part of the State, in the
western part of Holt County. Its meandering
are JoutJr-easr, through Antelope, Madison;
c.,rnn Cummincs. Doe and Dougla? Coun
ties, and looses itself in the Platte,-about 40 miles
from its mouth. It is over aoo miles m length,
and with its many tributaries drains 6,000 square
miles. , c
Salt Creek rises' in the soutn-wesc part 01
Lancaster County, flows north-east, and empties
into the Platte. Oak, Wahoo, and Cottonwood
are its principal tributaries
The Renublican River,- hai Its rourcc in Colo
rado, and enters Nebraska1 nearly 35 miles east
of the south-west corner. It flews north-east
for about 75 miles, then fiowf east and south
east, and enters Kansas 100 mnes ease 01 wuuic
it crossed into Nebraska. The great Valley of
the Republicnn is well watered by innumerable
streams,- the principle ones being Turkey Greek,
Red Willow, Stinkirrg Wsrter,- White Man's
Fork. Prairie Dog Creek, Sappe Creek,- Spring
Creek, Muddy Creek, Deer Creek, and many
others all are tributary to the Republican River
These streams, with their smail feeders, inter
wet thfs great Valley in every direction. Ic is
from 10 to 15 miles wide,-lies between great rail
roads, and his one or two in prospective. The
smaller Streams have narrow valleys, but they all
socirT?
lands have been placed in market by
the company and are onereu 10 pur
chasers at low prices, and upon very
favorable terms of payment. Finer
facilities for obtaining pleasant homes
and acquiring an independence have
never tieiore oeeu iwcn "
mmigrant and settler The Bur-
nton & Missouri Ilailroad extends
from Plattsmouth weat. through the
finest country in the United States
It connects with the Union Pacific at
Kearney Junction, nearly two hun-
! ' 1. , :io from tho M ssouri. Rare
opportunities are here offered to the
public for homes in a section of cotM
ry unsurpassed for productiveness
and healthfulness. The Bute Capi
tol. State University and btate Agri
cultural College rrre located along Us
line. For the pleasure traveler or in
valid- a varied ami cHarmm ""
scape is presented, find the d llghtfu
ahPof Nebraska will give renewed
life to the weary, and n tore health
to the sick. Thwe who are looking
, . !. ,-, wpat rthotild not fail
to take a trip over the B. & Jr.. snu If
you want a good home settle along its
line. The Atchison & Nebraska en-
. ... i. c:..i in f or Koutneast wnii.
land takes a northwest direction thro'
P-iclrardson, Pawnee, jonnson, mt,
and Lancaster counties and connects
with the B. & M. at Lincoln. Ihe
Midland Pacific road starts irony e
braska City ami is completed about
ninetv miles west. It runs through
V," - a.trnn- 'tt Seward couu-
tv The Denver & St. Joseph road
finds Nebraska about 100 miles west
of the Missouri River, follows along
the Little Blue and connects with the
Burlington & Missouri at Hastings.
.. nJ..fr,vnia A: Ft. Kearnev lias
its eastern terminus at Brownville, It
j graded and bridged to recumaen in
Johnson county. From Blair, in
Washington county, starts the Blair
& Fremont road running to Fremont,
in Dodge county, where it connecter
with the Union Pacific. The Elkhorn
-trniiov ruriK from Fremont toElkhorn
Valley, and will shortly be built to
- mMitii nf Kinhrara on the Mis
souri River. The Omaha & South
western is built from Omaha to a
junction with the B. & AT. The Om
aha & Northwestern is built, to Teka
ipah, iry Bur1, county. ' These two
We are prepared to say that the society of Ne
firasica is not behind the standard- of excelence of
the older States, and that" the right's of persons'
and property are as well respected, and the amen
ities of social life are as fully observed. Crime
is as of rare occurence with us as with any State.
Some of the most revolting crimes that are
found on the criminal caknuanf of other State J
never stain the dockets of our courts. Outrage,
arson, forgery, swindling and malicious mischief,'
rarely, if ever, occur in Nebraska. The immi
grants to this State, from our own country, have
almost invariably been men of industrious habits
good morals, and above the average in inteligence,
lm c t : : .t u,. 1... .1, -,,,.
Willie OUf JUICIgJI illlliiIldllUl i!4S Ufc... Ml".,
exclusively, from those always accustomed to la
bor, and therefore inexperienced in vice and
cfifne. Such is the class of people with which
Nebraska was, and is being populated,- and is
abundantly evinced in our rural districts, but the?
most convincing proof of it is our large cities
and towns, which, for peace and quiet, a due re
gard for religion and education, and cultivation
of Hterary and other refined- tastes, are second to
none in the United States.
conclusion.
There are hundreds of thousands of respecta
ble men in the old country who are .toiling their
lives away, jear after year, and only living from
hand to mouth, with not even the ghost of a
hope of ever improving their condition ; seeing
their children f growing" up around them, and
knowing that the same aimless, hopeless future
is before them. To all such I would say,, come
to Nebraska where you' are wanted, and Where
you will oe welcomed If you were set down in"
Nebraska, without even a cent in your pocKet, 1
consider that you are on the high road to x com
fortable independence in the course of two or
three years and the almost certainty of your
children becoming wealthy NerrAka' invites
the honest, yeomanry of the sea-board States, aa
well is of the North-Wcsr, to come and occupy
Her soii. She willingly and readily offers a home
and encouragement to the emigrant from' Eu
.n .Vrn!i. ofenrapinr-in either aericultural or
mechanical pursuits. If you wish to raise stock,
she offers you boundless natural pastures, covered
all the year round with the richest grasses,-upon
which your hones, cattle and sheep may roam
and grow fat at will, giving you no trouble but to
herd them occasionally and put upon them the
mark, of your ownership. ,
, Such is Nebraska, the land of plenty, and the
la'nd of promise; the land of breadstuff's and the
land of provisions ; the land of prairies and the
land of fruits ; that offers a home that will be,
in name anfd in fact, a sanctuary to aU who ac
cept it, and that extends a cordial invitation and"
an earnest greeting to all who wish to link rheir
fate with hers.
St. Deroin, Neb'.
afford luxuriant blue-joint grass for hay. These -
are no streams in Nebraska which compare with UOW IfisSY PLUJIS.
the Republican and its tributaries for the timber Johann AugilSt Musieus, one of thd
which they produce. incwinicrgtaiis'"'. mctfc popular ui uci iuu o.w.j .....--k
-,11 anvwhere. not even excepting Texas. nf imp last century, in his Story cf
The altitude being much lower than that of the L.nn3B... makes the Lady of Bohemia
Platte, and other rivers ot NebrasKa, it is mere- pUt foruj tlie iouowiug prouicui i hv.
fore much warmer. The mean annual temper- tiree lovers, offering her harrd attic a
ature of this Valley is not more than 530 Fah- ll,rone as the prize for the Correct 8O-
renheit. It is the favorite grazing ground, sum- ution r ,
mcr and winter, for untold herds of buffalo,-elk, "I have here in my basket," said
and deer. the Lady of Libussa, "a gift of plums
The Big and Little Blues have their source near foreach of you, picked from my gur-
th'e Platte, flow south across into Kansas, where je,u Qne of Voir shall have balf and
they unite and finally empty into the Kansas one mote, the'second shall have hail
River. ' and one more, the third shall have
The Big Nemaha rises in Johnson County, imlf an(I three more. This will emp-
flnw throui-h Pawnee and Richardson Co-Jnties, ... . basket. Now tell me hoV
and empties into thd Missouri River Hear the niany pTurn'S' there are lh.tllO basket.'
south-east corner of the State. f"le fjrat knight made a random
The-Little Nemaha has its source in Cass arrd gue9g at, threescore.
Lancaster Counties, runs a south-easterly direc- ..0f replied the lady, "but If
tioft, and empties into the Missouri, near Aspin- tnere wns as many, half S3 many, and
wall, in Nemaha County. l third as many, a? there are how in
The Muddy River, commences in Johnson tjie Da3ietf with five more added to
Countv, flows south-cast through Nemaha and nunlt)er WOUhl BO much 0X
Richa'rdson Counties, empties into the big Nc- Q tnree jfeore a9 ft falls short of It."
,,1,,. in rhe soarh-easr corner of the State. , 1 rpua t-Qr,,,.! L-ni'crht trettine awfully
.....-,... . - 1. c ""'" " T. .. .V . .1
These streams have nearly an oeep cwnncu, bewildered, speculated Wildly orr inw
1
I
I'
and are subject to overflow in comparatively few
places and at distant intervals. The banks of
the rivers being generally hrg-hyisually afford good
drainage for the bottom lands, and make them
very healthy end free from malarious diseases, as
well as valuable for farmers. They are the rich
est lands in the world, beinz nearly all alluvial
to the depth ol htteen or twenty reer.
CITIES AND TOWNS.
Om-hi it the lareest citv In the State. It ij
I the eastern terminus of the Union Pacific Rail-
! .1 ..l... ..r .v...- -rtrrry,..rff'i! imKirF.
way, ana is a itijec u. j.i-.. v.........-.. ....r-..
ance. Here Iowa and Nebraska" are connected
by a railroad bridge, a facility unknown to the
overland emigrant a few years ago, who received
his supplies at Council Bluffs. Population in
1S70 was 16,033. An Institution for the edu
cation of the Deaf and Dumb has been eitab-
lished here, anJ is irt a flourishing cendTioa. 1"
thi3 citv are some hnc churcn euinces, ana cjc.i-
lent schools, both public. and sectarian. Ihe
High School building is equal in sue anoarcu.
tectural beauty to any public tch'oof Suildfng- in
the United States. - . -
Lincoln is the Capital of the State. It is 80
miles south-west cf Omaha, ?nd is situated in
the midst of a fertile, open prairie. Here are
located the State University, and State Agucul-
tural College. Population is nearly 7,000,
Nebraska City is on the Missouri River, and
it is the eastern terminus of the Midland Pacific.
It ha3 two fine public school' buildings, and sev
eral private ones. Population 6,030.
Plattsmouth, as its name impotts, is situated
at the mouth: of the Platte. It Is the eastern
terminus of the Burlington Se Missouri Road.
Brownvillej Is in Nemaha County, on'the
M.onM River. It has a maenincent High
School building, and several fine churches. It is
the eastern terminus of the Brownville, Ft.
Kearney & Pacific R. R. Here,;too, is situated
the most extensive and best selecrion'of fruit and
fo'rr trees,- aaci: eversreensy in riser Srare-. The
?
n..mr.ct- fnrf tr.fl v-Ps
. "Not scf," said this royal ready reck
oner; "but if there were half as
manv.n third as many, a shh as
inanv cs tiiere are now, tb-Are would
he in my basket as many more thai
forty:fi've as there flfc fltiw uuder thac
ift'riJhpr "
Prince Waldmier then decided the
number of plfrnl's toiie thirty : and by
Bo doins: ciipiuien -"
keeper for h:a wife.
The Ladv Libussa thereupon amine
ed film, cfut flfirn plums a ono
more there remained fourteen plum".
Tojhe second kniirht she c.-vre- srvja
nn.l one more, and six rawmtnw.. 1 r
the third knightshegave half or the-e-and
three more and the luisket was
empty. The discarded locpre w, u
off with their heardsr efceedingly gid
dy, and their fibiUbs-nnd- mmds fuis
of plums.
Farmers and teamsters knowVhero
to buy he'be3t wagon and save flf-.
teen &$1st on each wagon ; he wha
is the farmer-Granger's friend. hy
W. T. Den will'sell you your grocer
ies, liardware. stoves, clothing, boots:
arid" shoes, furniture and ealt cheaper
than an? Ross, hs Bro-nville.
Jacob Marobit. ever reliable, is now
better than ever prepared' f 6T JH1- ali-
orders for geutlemena' attire, xie naa
a fine assortment Of piece goods, and
challenges competition. He employs
none hut the best ot worKinen- o
rafthtVeff es&ftel!a-- fn sH cases.
i
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