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THE ADVERTISER.
Oflicial Paper of City, Comity, nn.il the
United States.
THURSDAY, DECEMBERS. 1S72.
XKVTH CE! UORACS CttEEr.EY.
The sad, solemn event indicated in
the above line, will urrcHt the angry
;nrreut -which, politically, 1ms tuL
r
lust sweDt so fiercely over the Nation,
It im notes a truce, at least for a sea
Fon, upon contending parties All
classes of people will be impressed by
the bereavement which they have suf
fered in bis demise.
Forgetting the angry asperities of
the past Presidential contest, millions
of people are mourners at his obse
quies, and the heart of a generous na
tion throbs heavily at the portals of
his tomb.
Hardly are we able to do justice to
the great and lamented dead. Ilisin
domitable courage, his unimpeachable
honesty in what he deemed the right,
his Spartan simplicity, his frankness,
kindness, moderation and magnanim
ity, his generosity to his enemies, the
purity of bis private life, the patriot
ism of bis principles as a journalist,
will never cease to be cherished in the
grateful .remembrance of all true
hearted Americans.
Jiut while we pay this just tribute
to the noble dead, the strange, erratic
and inexplicable course he pursued
during the closing year of a long,
eventful and glorious life, can scarcely
be passed unnoticed. As nations, in
the plenitude of their power, fall, so
fall men. But it was not at the Bal
timore Convention that be fell, but
amid his old friends, and at Cincin
nati, in May last. There and then it
was that he sanl: his beaming fore
head in the dust it was then that he
tore the diadem from his brow, and
cast his clustered stars away ; a dia
dem richer than ever blazed upon the
brow of royalty, for its gems were not
gathered from rock or mine, but from
the moro enduring and precious trea
sury of learning, truth and humanity.
"VVe do not pen these thoughts in any
feeling of disparagement, but only of
sorrow. If foibles he bad aud all
are but fallable over them we throw
the broad mantle of Itepublican char
ity. As a journalist, we can hardly do
justice to his great and eminent abili
ty. As journalism rules the world, so
Greeley has ruled journalism in Am -erica
for thirty-two slow revolving
years. Standing at the helm of one
of the greatest metropolitan journals
in the world, he litis swayed the life,
the destiny and the future condition
of unnumbered millions. Probably,
with the exception of Thurlow Weed,
he was the greatest journalist the
world has ever seen.
Oh! how well may apply the poet's
significant lines.
" Ho touched his editorial juill,
And nations liennl entranced:
As .some vast river of unfailing Bourcc,
Itnn'd, oxhaustless, deep, his numbers flown.
And woke ne-wfoun tains In the human heart"
.Let the erratic, the brave, the glori
ous and noble dead, rest in peace.
Literary Association.
At a meeting of ladies and gentle
men at the residence of Col. Furnas,
on Saturday evening, for the purpose
of organizing a Literary Association,
it was unanimously agreed that a re
quest bo made of the Directors of tbi.
Hchool district for the use of one room
in the school building in which to
hold the meetings of the proposed as
sociation. That request, we are in
formed, has been ignored. That Such
a jjoliii and reasonable request, com
ing from such a respectable body, and
for a purpose so desirable, should be
refused, seems to require an explana
tion from some source. As we are in
formed, it seems that courts have re
peatedly held that the use of a school
building for evening schools, writing
schools, singing schools, and literary
societies, was not foreign, but within
the scope of the purposo of its erec
tion. The general diffusion of know
ledge in the community, by any of
these means, as well as by the day
echool, is the purpose for which a
school house is erected, and for which
the citizen pays his tax. The use of
the school building for such a purpose
Is not a favor, the bestowal of which
jests in the arbitrary discretion of the
school board, and for which the tax
payer should be compelled to suo in
vain, butit is a right clearly deduci
ble on legal principles from the estab
lished rule of law that the house may
be used for any purpose not foreign to
the purpose for which it was created
The argument that an additional ex
pense would bo inoured by the school
district by such use, even if true in
fact, would not alter the case, for the
same law that authorizes a tax for ed
ucational purposes, would justify the
imposition of this burden.
The importance of the proposed or
ganization, no one questions. To the
student it is what training is to the
soldier; it can never be supplied by
the abstract study of tactics. Our
young men must have such diversion
or their time will be employed in less
profitable pursuits. The competency
and respectability of the ladies and
gentlemen tnterested in the enterprise
would guarantee it success if the pro
per cooperation could be secured for
them. In short, all the circumstanc
es are such that the school board
stands in the attitude of a hindrance
to an important enterprise.
i c.
The Nashville (Tenn.) Banner pro
poses, in view of the complication to
to be presented to the electoral colleg
es by the death of Hoxaca Greeley,
that the Southern States which gave
their electoral votes for Greeley, give
their vote in the electoral college for
Grant, in graceful, aud under the cir
cumstances, appropriate acquiescence
The idea is a beautiful one, and we
would delight to see it carried out.
Mr. Forbes, of Boston, a prominent
B. & AI. R. R. man with a party of
friends, spent last week in the vicini
ty of Nebraska City, on a shooting
excursion. They are now west on
the U. P. road, looking for something
mrger than quail or grouse.
!.&.
- -. - -
jvan Worthing is in the city.
-..rrv;,.-.
PEESIDEST'S
3ME DE S tS .A. Cc E3
L?'o ihs Senate and House of licprestnia-
zicus :
In transmitting to von my fourth an
nual menage, it is with lluiii.iuincss
to tile Giver ol nit oad that as a nation
we liac In-en bleated lor the last year
with
peace at noun a:;d aehoad.
i Lllll (I i:-HWllll 1MiCclUllV ll'.HCUitU, ftvr
1 nidi i f rj tt it-i 1 t.rnclftl l"AIU.i'i (nil tf
j ti1(. people. With the exception ol the
recent devastatu.g tire which swept from
the earth with a breath, as it were, mil -
lions ol the accumulated wealth of the
city ot Jiostou. there have been no over -
shadowing calamities withint he vear to
ncoid. It is graiifiinjr to note how
like their fellow-citizens ol the city of Chi
:u;o. under .-hnilar circumstances a year
i-ailier, the citizens ot Uoston are rally -
-" - p- ,.
lug under their mibfortuu;, atid the pros-
necl is that their enerirv ami nersever-
ance will overcome ail onsiaeies ami snow
the same prosperity they would had no
di.stei befallen th'eiii. Otherwise, we
have b en tree irom pestilence, war and
calamities which often overtake nations,
and a far as human judgment can penc
il ate the future, no cau.-e seems to exist
ro threaten our present peace.
THE GENEVA ARBITRATION.
When coiigres adjourned in June last
a question had hi en rai-ed by Great Brit
ain and was then pending, which, for a
time seriously imperilled the settlement
by friendly arbitration of the difference
existing between this government and
that ol her Britannic majesty; but the
treat' of .Washington had been referred
to the tribunal of arbitration which had
met at Geneva, in Switzland. The arbi
trators, however, di-poed of the ques
tion w hich had jeopardized the whole of
the treat' and threatened to involve both
nations in most unhappy relations to
ward each other, in a manner entirely
tati.-fuctory to thia govenment and in ac
cordance with tiie views and I he poliey
uhichithad maintained. The tribunal
which iMd convened in Geneva in De
cember concluded its laborious session
on the Mill day of September last, on
i hich day. hating availed itself ol the
discretionary power given to it by the
treaty to award a sum in gross, it made
its decision wheieby it awarded the Mini
o"$ir.r00.000 in gold as the indemnity
to be paid by Great Britain to the United
Mates for the satisfaction o! all the claims
referred to its consideration. This de
cision happly disponed ol
A LOMi-STA.NEINU DIFFERENCE,
between the two governments, and in
connection with another award made by
the German emperor under a reference
to him b3T the same treaty, leaves the
two governments without a shadow upon
the friendly relations which, it is my
sincere hope, may forever remain equal
ly unclouded. The leport ot the agent
of the United States appointed to attend
the the Goneva tribunal, accompanied
by the protests ol the proceeding ot the
arbitrators, the nriruuieut? of the coun
sel of both governments, the award of
the tribunal, and the opinions given by
the several arbitrators, is transmitted
herewith. I have just communicated to
. . -r . - . .
the heads ot iricmliy powers, who com
plied with the joint request made to
them under the treaty, the thanks of
this government for the appointment ol
arbitrators made by them respectively,
aud also my thanks to the eminent par
sonages named by them, and my appre
ciation of the dignity ol that impartial
and great ability with which they dis
charged their arduous and high func
tions. Ilcr majesty's government has
communicated to me its appreciation by
her majestj' ol the ability and indelati
gable industry disphryed'by
MR. ADAMS.
the arbitiator named on the part of this
government, during the protracted in
quiries and discusssions ol the tribunal,
I cordially unite with her majesty in this
appreciation. It is due to the agent ot
the United States before the tribunal to
iccord my approbation of the marked
iibilit', unwearied patience, and the pru
dence and discretion with which lie has
conducted the very responsible and deli
cate duties committed to him; and it is
aUc due to the learned an eminent coun
sel who attended the tribunal on the part
of this government, to express my sense
of the talents an widom which they
brought to hear in the argument of the re
sult so happily reached. It will be the
prmiiicc of. congress to proride for the
distribution amour those who may be
entitled to it, ot their respective shares
of the moneys to be paid. Although
the sum awarded is not paj-able until a
year from the date of the award, it is
deemed advisable that no time be lost in
making a proper examination of the
several cases in which indemnitication
may he tiw. I consequently recommend
the creation of a board of commissioners
for the purpose, By the thirty-fourth
article ofjthe
TREATY OF WASHINGTON
the respective claims of the Untied Slates
nnl of Great Britain in their construction
of the treaty of the fifteenth of .June.
1S16, detlninjr the boundary line be
tween their respective territories, were
submitted to the arbitration and award of
hi? majesty the emporor ot Germany, to
decide which ol these claims is most in
accornance with the true interpretation
of the treaty of 1S4G. His majesty the
emperor ot Germany, having been pleas
ed to undertake thr arbitiation. has the
earnest thanks of thi government, and
of the people of the United States lor the
labor, pains and care which he has de
voted to the consideration of this long
pending diflerence. I have cstised nn
expression ot my thanks to be communi
cated to his majesty.
MR. BANCROFT,
Mie representative of this "oveninionr. nt
i i .it.. , i .i - :
iii-iiiu, coiiuueieii if r:un. sitm nm
pared the statement on the part of the
United Slates. As a member of the cab
inet at that date of the treaty which has
given rise to the discussion between the
two governments, as the minister to
Great Britain when the construction now
pronounced unfounded was first ad
vanced, and as the agent, and represen
tative of the government to present the
case and to receive the award, he has
been associated with the ouestion in all
its phases, and in every stige has mani
fested a patriotic zeal ami earnestness in
the nininiuiiiaiicc of the claim of the
United States. Jle is entitled to much
credit for the success which has attend
ed the subnik-ion. Aftei 3 patient in
vestigation ot the case, and of the state
ments of each iinrrv. his maiestv. the
emperor ol Germany, on the 21st day of
October kst, signed his award in writ
ing, decreeing that the claim of the gov
ernment of the United Slates that the
hound ry line between the territories of
her Britannic majest and the United
States should be drawn through the
HARO CHANNEL,
which is most in accordance with the
true interpretation of the treaty conclud
ed on the loth of .Tune, IS4S, between
the agents of her Bratannic Majesty and
of the United States (Copies of the
cas.e presented on behalf of each govern
ment and of the statement in reply of
each and a translation of the award, are
trasmitted herewith.) This award con
lirms the United States in their claim to
he important archipelego of islands ly
ing between the continent andJVan Coii
ver's Island, which, lor twenty-live
years, ever since tne ratincation of the
treaty. Great Britain has contested, ?nd
leave's us for the first time in the history
of the United States, as a nation, without
a question of disputed houndry between
our territory and the possessions of
Great Britain. It is my grateful duty to
acknowledge the prompt, spontaneous
action of her majesty's government in
giving ellet to the award In anticipa
tion of any request from this govern
ment, and before the reception In the
United States of the award signed by the
emperor, her majesty had given instruc
tions for the
REMOVAL OF IJER TROOPS
which has been stationed there and for the
cancellation of all exercise) or claim of jur
isdiction, so as to leave the United States
in conclusive possession of the lately dis
puted territory. I am grateful to be
able to announce that the orders for the
removal of the troops have been exe-
lMti&U i'ioJ in
..J-JA."
line through ta& channel, upon" which
the commission to determine the remain -
iiig part of theJinc were unable to agree.
I recommend the appointment of a coui
mission to act jointly with one which
may be named by her majesty, for that
purpose. Experience ol the diliicnlty
attending the determination of our ad
mitted line ot boundary after the occupa
tion ot the territory, and its settlement
I)' those owing allegiance to the respec
tive governments, points to the impor
tance of establishing, by natural objects.
or other monuments the actual line be
tween the territory acquired by
I'LKClIASi: FilOM Kl'S-il.Y
I and the adjidnini: ri.-etioiis of her
i J'.ritaimie inaiusix . ilw region is now
! ?r, spur-fcly oeeupsod that no conllicting
iuteiest- ol lndiiduaU or ol jurisdiction
ire likely to intofere to the delay or em
barrassment of the actual location of
the linn. It deternd until population
, .... -
.shall enter and occupy the territory
.ome t rival contest of neighbors may
saain array the two government; in an-
?' - -.. ...
tagomsui. l thereto! e recommend tue
appointinent of a commission to act joint
Iv with one appointed on the part of
Great Britain, to determine the line
between our tenitory of Ahska and 'the
co-terminus possessions of Great Britain.
In my last annual message I recommend
ed the legislation necessary on the part
of the United Stales to bring into opera
tion the articles of the treaty of Washing
ton of May, 1S71. relating to the fish
eiics and to other matters touching the
relations of the United States toward the
RRI-'IMI NORTH AMERICAN POSSESSIONS.
to become operative as soon as the pro
per legl-lutinn should be had on the part
of Great Britain and its possessions.
That legislation on the part ol Great
Britain and its pnssicms had not then
been had. and during the session of con
gress a question was raised which, for the
time, raised a doubt whether any action
by congress in the direction indicated
would become important a question
which has since been disposed or; I have
since received notice that the imperial
parliament and the legislature of the
provincial government have passu laws
to carry the provisions of the treat on
the matters referred to, into operation.
I theretorefore recommend j'our early
adoption of the legislation in the same
direction neeos.sary on the part of this
government.
The joint commission for determining
the boundary line between the United
State-and thcBritish posession between
the Lake ot the Woid. and t he Rocky
Mountains has organized and entered up
on its work. It is doirable that the
force be increased in order that thecom
pletio of the survey and determination
of the boundary line may be sooner at
tended to. To this end L recommend
that :t sullicieiit appropriation be made.
WITH FRANCE,
our earliest ally; Ihissia. the constant
and steady friend ot the United State;
Germany with whose government and
people we have so many cases of friend
ship and so many common sympathies;
and the other powers of Europe, our re
lations are maintained on the most
friendly terms. Since 1113' last annual
message t lie exchange has been made of
the ratifications of a troaly with the
Ausiro Hungary empire, relating to nat
uralization ;alW.of a treaty with the Ger
man empire respecting "coiinsiils and
traJe marks; also, of a treaty with Swe
den and Norway relating to naturaliza
tion, all of which treaties have been
duly proclaimed. Congress at its last
session having uif.de nn appropriation
to defray the e.pcnses of commissioners
on the part of the Untied States to the
international statistical congress at St.
Petersburg, the persons appointed in that
character proceeded to their destination
and attended the sessions ol the congress
a report of which shall in due season be
laid before you. This congress meets at
intervals is of about tluve years, and has
held its sessions in several of the countries
of Europe. I submit to your considera
tion the propriety of extending an invi
tation to the congress to hold its next
meeting in the United States. The cen
tennial celebration to be held in 187G
would aflord an appropriate occasion for
such a meeting. Preparation are making
for the
INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION,
to he held during the next year in Vi
ennia on a scale of very gieat magnitude.
lhe tendency ot thes-e expositions is in
the direction of advanced civilization,
and the elevation of industry of labor
nd the increase ot human happiness, as
well as ot greater intercourse and good
will between nations. As this exposi
tion is to be the first, which will have
been held in eastorn E11rope.it is believed
mat American inventors and manufac
turers will be ready to avail them elye
of the opportunity for the presentation of
their productions, if encouraged by the
proper aid and protection. At the las:
session of congres authorty was given
lor the appointment of one or more
agents to represent, this governmen at
the exposition. The authority thus
given has been exeiciscd. but in the ab
sence ol an appioprialion there is danger
uiul ine liuponam oeueuts wmcii the ex
position oilers will in a large degree be
lost to citizens of the United States. I
commend the subject strongly to your
consideration, aud recommend that an
adequate appropriation be made for the
purpose to further aid American exhibi
tors at the Vienna exposition. I would
leconunend in addition to an appropria
tion of money, that the secretary of the
navy be authorized to fit up two naval
vessels to transport between our Atlantic
cities and Triest, or the most conveni
ent port to Mennaand back, their arti
cles lor exhibition.
MEXICO.
Since your last session the President ol
the Mexican republic, distinguished b
his high character and by his services to
his country has died. His temporary
successor has now been elected with
great unanimity by the people a proof
of confidence on their part in his patriot
ism ami wisdo.u, which, it is believed.
will be confirmed by the results of his
administration. It is particularly desirable
that nothing should be left undone by
the government of either republic to
strengthen their relations as neighbors
and friends. It. is much to be rcgiettcd
that many lawless acts continue to dis
turb the quiet of the settlements on the
border between our territory and that of
Mexico, and that complaints of wrong to
American citizens in various parts of the
country are made. The revolutionary
condition on which the neighboring re
nublic has so long been involved, has. In
some degree, contributed to this distur
bance. It is to he hoped that with a
mere settled rule of order through a re
public ; hich may be expected from the
present government, the acts of which
just complaint is made, will cesse. The
proceedings of the commission under
tho convention with Mexico of the 4th of
.July, 1SGS, on the subject of claims,
have unfortunately been checked by an
obstacle, lor the removal of which meas
ures have been taken 13' the two govern
ments, wiiicii, it Is believed, will prove
successful.
The commissioners appointed pursuant
to the joint resolutions of congress of
the seventh of May last, to inquire into
depredations on tiie
TEXAS FRONTIER.
have diligently made investigation
in that quarter. Their report upon
the subject will be communicated to
you. Their researches were necessarily
incomplete, partly on account ol the lim
ited appropriation by Congress. Mexi
co, on the part ol that government, has
appoiuted a similar commission to inves
tigate these outrages. It is not an
nounced otlicialby, but the press of that
country state that the fullest investiga
tion is desired, and that the co-operation
of all parlies concerned is invited to se
cure that end. I therefore recommend
that a special appropriation be made at
the earliest day practicable to enable the
commissioners on the part of the United
States to return to their labors without
delay.
It is with regret that I have again to
announce a continuance of the disturbed
condition of the
ISLAND ON CUBA.
So advance toward the pacification of
ine uisconteu portion of the population
has been made, while the insurrection
rf-g y.iAx;
-.-.--. :..l'.?..:jr.;-.i.j.. -.yr-.r
i the have occupied for a long time pa
, this contest uzs lasted now lor more
than Jour years. Were it seen at a dis-
tance from our neighborhood we
might be indbierent to its result, al
though humanity coujd not be unuipved
by many ot its incidents wherevev they
might occur. It is, however, at our
door. I cannot doubt that the contin
ued maintenance of slavery in Cuba is
among the strongest inducements to the
continuance of this strife. TJie attribu
table wrong is the natural caustToTa tcr-
rribievevil.
THE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY.
and the introduction of other rclorms in
the administration of the jfoverniiient of
Cuba could not fail to advance the restor
talon of peace and order. It is especially
to be hoped that the present, liberal
government of Spain will voluntarily
adopt this view. The law of emancipa
tion, which passed more than two jears
since, has remained unexecuted in ab
sence of regulations foi its enforcement.
It was but a feeble step towards emanci
pation, hut it was the recognition ol
right, and was hailed as such and exhib
ited in Span, in harmony with senti
ments of humanity audol justice, and in
sympathy with the other powers of the
Christian and civilized world. Within
the past lew weeks the regulations for
carrying out the laws of emancipation
have been announced. giving evidence ol
the sincerity of intention of the present
government to carry into effect the law
of 1S70. I have not faded to urge the,
consideration of the. wisdom, the policy,
and the justic ot a
MURE EFFECTIVE SYSTEM
lor the abolition of the great evil which
oppressed a race and combines a bloody
and destructive contest close to our bor
der, as well as the expediency' aud the
justice of conceding reform?; of which
the propriety is not questioned.. Deeply
impressed with the convieuon that the
continuance of slavery is one ol the most
active causes of the Voutiuuauce of the
unhappy condition in Cub-i, 1 regret to
believe that citizens ol lhe United States,
or those claiming to be such, tue large
holders in tuba ot what is there claimed
as properjy. but which is forbidden and
denounced by the laws of the United
States. They are then- in defiance of
the spirit ot our own lawscoutributing
to the continuance ol this distressing and
sickening contest. In my last annual
message I rc-lercd to this subject, aud I
again recotnii.end such legislation as may
be proper to denounce, and if not pre
ent, at least to discourage, American
citizens Irom holding or dealing in slaves.
It is gratifying to announce that the
ratification o't the convention, concluded
under the auspices ol this govern
ment between Spain on the one part and
the allied republics ot tiie Pacific on the
other , providing lor an 'armistice, have,
been exchanged. A copy ol the instru
ment is heiewith submitted. It is hoped
that this may De followed by a perma
nent peace ot the same partiesr
The differences which at one. tlniB
threatened the maintenance ot peace
between
IIRAZIL AND TIIE ARGENTINE EUI'CBIJCS,
it is hoped, are in the way of satulaciory
adjustinent. With these States, as with
the republic of Central and South Amer
ica, we continue to maintain the most
friendly relation. It is with regret, how
ever, 1 announce that the governor of
Venezuela has made no further payments
on account of the awards under the con
vention ol the 23th of April, 1SGG. That
republic is understood to be now almost,
if not quite, tranquil. It i? hoped, there
fore, that it will lose no time in providing
for the unpaid balances ot its debt to the
United Stales, which, having originated
in injuries to its citizens by Venezuelan
authorities.aud having bee nacknowledged
pursuant to a treaty in the most solemn
lorm known among nations, wi uiu seem
to deserve a picl'erence over debts of a
ditlerent origin and contracted in a
dilfeient manner. This subject is again
recommended to the attention of Con
gress lor such action as may be deemed
proper.
Our treaty relations with
JAPAN.
remain unchanged. An imposing em
bassy from that interesting and progress
ive nation visited this country during the
year that is passing, but being unprovid
ed "with powers lor the signing of a
convention in this country, no conclusion
in that direction was reached. It. is
hoped, however, that the interchange of
opinion which took place during their
stay in this country has done much to
ward a mutual appreciation ol thu inter
ests which may be promoted when the
revidon ol the existing treaty shall be
underiakun. In this connection I renew
my recommendation of one .year ago.
that to give importance and to add to the
efficiency of our diplomatic relations wiih
Japan and China, and to further aid in
maintaining the good opinion of these
people, and secure to the United States
its share of the commerce destined to
flow between these nations and the bal
lance of the commercial world an appro
priation be made to support at least four
Americans in each ot these countries
to scjyo as a part of the
OFFICIAL FAMILY
of our ministers there. Our representa
tives would not even then be placed up
on an equality with the representatives
of Great Brittain or some other pow
ers. As now situated our representa
tives in .Japan and China have to depend
for interpreters and translators upon
natives of these countries, who know
our language- imperfectly, or procure for
the occasion the services ol employe-, in
fuieign business houses or u-e interpre
ters to other foreign ministers. I rinew
the recommendation made on a previous
occasion, of the '-ratister to the depart
ment of the interior to which they seem
more appropriate!' to belong, ol all the
powers and duties in relation to the ter
ritories with which the department of
Stare is now charged by law or by cus
toms. Congress, lrom the begining of
the government. ha wisely made pre
vision for the releif of distressed seamen
in foreign countries. No similar provis
ion, however, has hitherto been made
lor the relief of citizens in distress
aboroad other than seamen. It is un
derstood to be customary with other
governments' to authorize consuls to
EXTEND Sl'CII RELIEF
to their citizens and subjects in certain
cases. A similar uthority and an appra
to carry it into effect are commended
in case "citizens of the United States are
destitute or sick. Under such eircuin
stauces it is well known that such citi-
zens resort to foreign countries ui great
numbers, though most ni them are able
to bear the expenses incident to locomo
tion. There are some who, through ac
cident or otherwise, become penniless
and have no lriends at home able to suc
cor them. Persons in this situation most
either perish, cast themselves upon the
charity of foreigners, or be relievod at
the private charge of our own officers,
who. though usually ol the most benev
olent dispositions, have nothing to spare
for such purposes. Should the authori
tv and appropriation asked for bo made,
care will be taken to carry the beuiliceu
ces of Congress Into such effect that it
shall not be unnecessarily or unworthily
bestowed.
THE TREASURY.
The money icceived and carried
into the treasury during the fiscal year
ending .Tune30ih. 1S72. were from cus
toms, $210,370 230.77; from sales of pub
lic lands $2,575 ,7M; lrom international
revenue $130.0-12.177; from tax on na
tional bank circulation, &c. , $0,523,390;
from Pacific railroad companies. $74y.SGl;
from customs, lines, &c, $113,044,234;
from fees consular patent land. &c.. $2,
2S4.095: from inicellaneous sources, $4,
412. 254. Total ordinary receipts, $304,
094 229; from premiums on sale ot coin,
$9,412,037; total net receipts, $374,100.
S37; balance in treasury, June 30th 1S71,
$109,935,703, including 1S.222.S35 re
ceived from unavailable; total available
cash, $4S4.042.573.
EXPENDITURES FOR THE YEAR.
The net expenditures of warrants dur
ing the same period were, for civil ex
penses S1G.1S9.0&9; for foreign interests,
$1S.409.3C9; Indians $7,005,725; pensions.
$21,533,402; lor military establishments,
including lortications, river and harbor
improrments and arsenals, $35,372,157;
naval establishments including vessels
einents at the
for miscellane-
public buildings,
g tne revenue,
the public debt.
' '--t-'A"iJ
5
t. I pal and premium 011 public debt, $270, -
! -"iO r.'ll- for nrptniiim
011 bonds pur
SUWtUfl, w. tr.
el
dt
balance in treasury June 30, 1S72, ?IS5,
043,509. REDUCTION OF TIIE PUBLIC DERT.
From the foregoing statement it ap
pears that the net reduction ol the prin
cipal of th e debt during the fiscal year
ending June 30,lS72,was $99,900,253. The
source ol this reduction Js as follows; net
ordinary receipts during the year, 304,
094,229, net ordinary expciuhtares. in
cluding interest on the public debt.
$270,559.095 total, $'94,134,534. Add
amount of receipts from the premium, on
sales ol gold in excess of tho premium
paid 011 bonds purchased. 2,454,470.
Add the amount of the reduction of the
cash balance at the close ot the year ac
companied with the same at the com
mencement of the vear, $3,371,343 to
tal. $99,900,253,
Thls statement treats solely ol the
principal of the public debt. By the
monthly statement ot the public debt,
which adds together the principal and
interest, due and unpaid, aud interest
accrued to ilatu due, and deducts tiie
cash in the treasury as, according on tiie
day ot publication, the 1 eduction was
$100,544,191. The source of ihe reduc
tion is as tollows: reduction in principal
account. $99,900,003 54; reduction in un
paid interest account. $3,330,952 90; total
$103,290,900 50. deduction in cash on
hand, $2,740,405 22; total $200,544,491 23;
on the basis of the list
table the statement show a reduction
of the public debt, from March 1, 1SG9
to the present time, as follows: from
March 1, 1SC9, to March 1, 1S70. $S7.
134.7S2 84; from March 1, 1S70 to March
1. 1S71, $117,019.030 25; lrom March 1,
1371, to Match 1, 1S72, $94,S93,34S 94:
from March 1, 1S72, to No
vember, 1 1872, eight months, 04,047.
237 S4; total. $303.29G,999 87.
FURTHER REDUCTION OF TAXATION IM
l'EACTICAISLE FOR THE PRESENT.
With the great 1 eduction ol taxation by
the acts of Congress at its last session,
the expenditure ot the government in
collecting the revenue will be much re
duced for the next fiscal year. It is very
doubtful, however, whether any further
reduction of so vexatious a burthen up
on our neonle will be practicable lor the
nreent. At all events, as a measure of
justice to the holders of the nation's cer
tificates of indebtedness, I would recom
mend that no more legislation be had on
this subject, unless it be to correct errors
of omission or coniuiissioiiuntil sufficient
time has elapsed to prove that it can be
done and leave us sufficient revenue to
meet the current expenses of the govern
ment, pay the interest on the public
debt and nrovide for tiie sinking fund es
tablished by law. The preservation of
our national ci edit is ol the highest im
portance. THE CURRENCY QUESTION.
The next in importance to this comes
a solemn duty to provide a National cur
rency of fixed value as compared with
gold, and as soon as practicable, having
due regard for the interest of the debtor
class and the vicissitudes of trade and
commerce, and couvertible into gold at
par.
THE WAR DEPARTMENT.
The department of the Secretary ot
War shows the expenditures ot the War
Department for the fiscal vear ending
June 30th, 1S71, to bo $35.799.991 S2 and
lor the hseal year ending June ,50th, ibi2,
to be $35,372,157 20. showing a reduction
in favor of the last fiscal year ot $127,831
02. The estimates for military appropri
ations for the next fiscal vear, ending
June 30th, 1874, are $33,S01 .378. The
estimates ot the chief engineers are sub
mitted separately for fortifications, river
and harbor improvement?, and for
public buildings and grounds, and the
Washington aqueduct The allairs of
THE FREEDMEN'S BUREAU
have all been transferred to the War De
partment, and regulations have been put
into execution for the speody payment of
of bounty pay. &s., due calored soldiers,
properly coining under the bureau. All
war accounts for money and property
prior to 1S71 have been examined and
transmitted to the treasurer for final set
tlement. EXPENSES OE THE WAR DEPARTMENT.
During the fiscal year, there has been
expended for transportation on railroads
$1,300,000, of which $S0,S57 was over
the Pacific railroads; for transportation
by water $023,373. and by stage $13,
975. For the purchase of transportation
wagons, animals, hireol teamsters, &c. ,
$921,050. About. $370,000 have;been col
lected from the Southern railroads dur
ing the year, Reaving about $4,000,000
still due.
OLD WAR CLAIMS.
The Quartermaster lias examined and
transmitted to th accounting officers for
settlenvnt. $37,012,271 of claims by loy
al citizens for Quartermaster's stores
taken during the war. Subsisting sup
plies to the amount ol $S,9.0l,S12 have
been issued to the Iudhns.
CONDITION OF THE ARMY.
The annual avearage of mean strength
ol the army was 21,101 white and 2,491
colored soldiers. The total deaths of
soldiers for the year, as reported, were
3G7 white and 4o colored. The distribu
tion of the medical and surgical history
of the war is 3''t to be ordered by con
gress. There exists an absoluteiiecessi-
t3' lor a
MEDICAL CORPS
of the full number established b3 the act
of congress of Jury 2S. 1SGG, there being
now 55 vacancies. and the number ol suc
cessful candidates rarel3' exceed 8 or 10
in one year.
THE RIVER AND IIARROR IMPROVEMENTS
have been carried on with e!ierg- and
economy. Though mairy are only par
tially completed, the results have "saved
to commerce man3 times the amount ex
pended. An increase of commerce, with
greater depth of channels, greater secu
rit j- in navigation and the saving of
time, adds millions to the wealth of the
country and increases the resources of
the government. Tiie bridge across the
Mississippi river at Bock Island has been
completed, and the proposition has been
determined upon for the bridge at La
Cross. The able and exhaustive report
made 13' the committee appointed to in
vestigate the Sutro tunnel has been trans
mitted to congress. The observation
and report of the
SICNAL OFFICE
has been continued. Stations have been
maintained at each of the principal lake
and seaport cities, and ten additional sta
tions have been established in the United
States, and arragements have been made
lor the exchange ot reports with Canada
and a similar exchange of observations is
contemplated with the West India Is
lands. The favorable attention of Congress is invited
to the following recommendations of the Secreta
ry of War: Discontinuance of appointment of
extra lieutenants to serve as adjutants and quarter
masters; the adoption of 3 code providing spe
cific penalty for well defined offenses, so that the
inequality of sentences adjudged by court martial
may be adjusted ; the consolidation of accounts
under which expenditures are made, as a mea
sure of economy; a reappropriation of the mo
ney for the construction of a depot at San Anto
nio, the title to the site being now perfecsed ; a
special act placing the cemetery at the City of
Mexico on the same basis as other national cem
eteries ; authority to purchase sites for military
posts in Uexas ; the appointment of commisary
sergeants from non-commissioned officers, as a
measure for securing the better care and atten
tion of supplies ; an appropriation of the cata
logues and tables of the anatomical section of the
army medical museum ; a reappropriation of the
amount for the manufacture of breech-loading
arms, shouid the selection be so delayed by the
board of officers to leave the former the appro
priations unexpended at the close of the fiscal
year, the sale of such grsenals cast of the Mis
sissippi as can be spared, and the proceed' applied
to the establishment of one large arsenal of con
struction and repair upon the Atlantic coast, and
the purchase of a sits for a proving and experi
mental grounds for heavy ordnance ; the abroga
tion of laws which deprive inventors in the. Tni
ted States service from deriving any benefit from
their invention ; the repeal of the law prohibit
ing promotionr in the staff corps ; a continuance
of the work of the coast defences . the report of
the repeal of ths seventh section of the act of
July 15, 1866, taking from engineer soldiers of
the present war 0 other troops : a limitation of
time for presentation of subsistence supplies un
der act of Jnly 4, 1864, and a modification in
the mode of the selection of cadets fjr the mil
' -
iased. 4,yya.oo;ior redemption 01 tue
!bt, Syy,UG0.:53; total, 10G.91S.520,
total net disbursements. 837 ,473.24b;
j.vj;::r,P.1jWav"--:j
4 large amount of time necessarily expended in giv
ing new cadets a tnorougn Knowledge or. tne
more elementary branches of learning, which
they should acquire before entering the academy;
also an apparatus, and an increase in the number
and the pay of the military academy. And the
attention of Congress will be called during its
present session to various enterprises for the more
certain and cheaper transportation of the con
stantly increasing surplus of the western and
southern products to the Atlandc sea borders..
The subject is one that will force itself ui-onthe
legislative branch of the government soonpr or
later, and I suggest, therefore, that immediate
steps be taken to gain all valuable information to
insure equitable and just legislation on the. route
to connect the Mississippi Valley with the At
Atlantic, at Charleston, S. C, and Savannah,
Ga., by water via. the Ohio and Tcnncssc rivers
and canals, and slack water navigation, to the Sa--vannah
Omulgee river, has been surveyed add
port made by an accomvlishcd engineer officer ot
the army. A second and third new route will,
be proposed for the consideration of Congress,
viz., hy aa extension of the Kenawba rand river
canal to the Ohio, and by the extenaion of the
Chesapeake, and OhioCandl. I am not prepared
to recomment Government aid to these oc other
enterprises until it i clearly shown that they are
of national interest, but that, when completed,
they will be of a value commensurate with that
production whkh has increased mere rapidly than
the means of transportation in our country.. It
has been demonstrated by past experience that
the unprecedented growth in population and pro
ducts of the whole, country will require addition
al facilities and cheaper means for the more bul
ky articles of commerce to reach tide water and
a market will be demanded. The near future is
equally demonstrable I therefore suggest a com
mittee or a comrnissioa to be authorized to con
sider this whole question, and to report to con
gress ae a future day for its better guidance in le
gislating on. the important subject. The rail
roads of the country have been rapidly extended
during the last few jears, to meet the growind de
mands of producers, and reflect much credit upon
the capitalists and the parties engaged in this
ctruction. In addition to these a project to facil
itate commerce by the building of a ship canal
around Niagara Falls on the United States side,
which has been agitated for many years, will no
doubt be called to your attention this session.
Looking to the greot future of the counrry and
the incteasing demands of commerce, it might
be well while on this subject, not only to have
examined and report the various practical results
for connecting the Mississippi .with tide water on
the Atlantic, but the feasibility of an almost con
tinuous land locked navigation from Maine to
the Gulf of Mexico. Such a route along our
coast would be of great value at all times, and of
inestimable value in case of a foreign war. Na
ture has provided the greater part of this route,
and the obstacles to be overeame are easily within
the skill of the engineer. I have not alluded to
this subject with the view of having any further
expenditure of public money at this time than
may be necessary to procure and place all the ne
cessary information before Congress in an au
thentic form, to enable it hereafter, if deemed
practicable and worthy, to legislate on the subject
without delay.-
NAVY Drr-ARTMENT.
The Report of the Secretary of the Ncvy
herewith accompanying, explains fully the condi
tion of tliis branch of the public service, its
wants and deficiencies, expedses incurred during
the past year, and appropriations for the same. It
also gives a complete history of the services of
the navy lor the past year in addition to its regu
lar services. It is evident that unless steps, are
taken to preserve our navy, that in a very few
years the United States will be the weakest na
tion upon the ocran of all the great powers.
With an energetic business people like ours, pen
etrating and forming business relations with eve
ry part of the known world, a navy strong
enough to command the respect of our flag a
broad is necessary for the full protection of their
rights. I recommend careful consideration by
Congress of the recommendations made by the
Secretary of the Navy.
POST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT.
The accompanying Report of the Post Mas
ter General furnishes a full and satisfactory ex
hibit of the operations of the post-office depart
ment during the year. The ordinary revenues of
the department lor the fiscal year ending June
30, 1 S72, amounted to $1,191,242,637, and the
expenditures $2,665,819,221. Compared with
the previous fiscal year the increase of revenue
was $1,858,380.95, or 935 per cent, and the
increase of expenditures $2,268,088.25, or 92S
per cent. Adding to the ordinary revenues the
annual appropriation of $700,000 for free mat
ter and the amounts paid to the subsidies on
mail steamship lines from special appropriations,
the deficiency paid out of the general treasury
was $3,3t7'765.94, an excess of $389,7011.28
over the deficiencies of the year 1871. Other
interesting statistacle information relating to our
rapidly extending postal service is furnished in
this report. The total length of railroad mail
routes on June 30, 1872, was 57,611 miles, S77
additsunal miles of such service having been put
in operation during the year. Eight new lines of
railway post-offices nave been established, with
an aggregate length of 2,909 miles. The num
ber of letters exchanged in the mails with for
eign countries was 24,363,500, an increase of
4,066,502, or 20 per cent, over the No. in 1871,
and the postage thereon amounts to $187,1 25.725
The total weeght of the mails exchanged with
European countries exceeded 820 tons. The
cost of trans-Atlantic mail steamship service was
!5-f
2,0-:
I":1
es 170.
The
total cost of the United States ocean
steamship service, including the amounts paid to
postal communications with all parts of the civ
ilized iorid, have been placed upon a most ad
vantageous footing by the improved, postal con
nections and arrangements recently concluded
with the leading commercial countries of Europe
and America ; and the gratifying statement is
made that with the conclusion of a satisfactory
convention with Lrance, the details of which
have been definitely agreen to by the head of the
French posaal department, subject to the approv
al of the minister of fin-ince, little remains to be
accomplished by treaty for some time to come.
In respect thereto, reduction of rate or improved
facilities for postal Intercourse, your favorable
consideration is respectfully invited to the recom
mendations made by the postmaster general for
an increase of service from monthly to semi
monthly trimps on the subsidized lines of mail
steamers. The following are the only steamship
lines now receiving subsidies for mail service un
der special acts of congress : The Pacific Mail
steamship company receive $500,000 per annum
for carrying a monthly mail between San Fran
cisco and Japan, which will be increased to $1,
oco,ooo fer onnum, and a semi-monthly mail
on and after October, 1873; the United States
and Brazil mail steamship company receive $150,
000 per annum for carrying a monthly mail be
tween New York and the Rio dc Janeiro, B-a-zil;
and tiie. California, Oregon and Mexico
steamship company receive $75,000 per annum
for carrying a monthly mail between San Francis
co and Honolula and the Hawaiian Islands.
making the total amount of mail steamship
subsidies at present $725,000 per annum. For
a subsidy inside of the establishment of aq Amer
ican line of mail steamers between San Francis
co, Zealand and Australia; for the establish
ment of post-office saving banks, and for the in
crease of the salaries of the heads of bureaus. I
have heretofore commended the abolition of the
franking privilege, and see no reason now for
changing my views on that subject. It not hav
ing been favorably regarded by congress, howev
er, I now suggest a modification of that privil
ege to correct its glaring and costly abuses. I
would recommend also the appointment of a
committee or commission to take into consider
ation the best method, equitable to private cor
porations who have invested their time and cap
ital in the establishment of telegraph lines, of
acquiring the title to all telegraph lines now in
operation and of connecting these services with
the postal service of the nation. It is not prob
able that this subject could receive the proper
consideration during the limits of a short session
of congress, but it may be initiated so that furth
er action may be fair to the government and .to
private parties concerned. There arc but three
lines.of ocean steamers, namely, the Pacific mail
steamship company between San Francisco and
China and Japan, with provision made for semi
monthly service after October first, 1S73; tnc
United States and Brazil line, monthly, and the
California, New Zealand and Australian line,
monthly, pljing between the United States and
foreign ports, and owned and operated under our
flas. I earnestly reeommend that such liberal
contracts for carrying the mails be authorized 1
...:.!. .1 t: -- ..-it ?..,- I
with these lines as will insure their continuance.
If the expediency of extending the aid of thp
government to lines of stcemers which hitherto
have not received it, should be deemed worthy of
tne consideration of' congress, political and com
mercial objects mak it advisable to bestow such
aid on a line under our flag between Panama and
the western South American porti. By this
means much trade now diverted to other c6un
. .1.1 t t.. . . ..
ines m:gnr oc Drougnt to tne united states, to
"T"
lying in that quarter of the continent of Ameri
ca. The report of the secretary of the treasury
will show an alarming falling off in our earning
trade for the last ten or twelve years, and even
for the past year. I do not believethat the pub
lic treasure can be better expended in the inter
est of the whole people than in trying to recover
this trade. An expenditure of five millions of
dollarspcr annum for the next five years, if it
would restore to us cur proportion of the carry
ing trade of the world, would be profitahly ex
pended. The price of labor in Europe has so
much enhanced within the last few years that
the cost of building and operating ocean stedm
crs in the United States is not much greater than
in Europe, and I believe the time has arrived ror
congress to take this subject into serious consid
eration.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE.
Detailed statements of the disbursement thro
the department of justice will be furnished by the
report, of the attorney general, and though these
have been somewhat increased by the recent acts
of congress to enforce the rights of citizens- of
the United States to vote in the several states of
the Union, and to enforce the provissons of the
14th amendment of the constitution of the Uni
ted States, and the amendments thereto, I can
not question the necessity and salutary eiFect of
these enactments. Reckless and lawless men, I.
regret to say, have associated themselves togedicr
in some localities to deprive other citizens of the
rights guaranteed thern by the conitrtutionofthc
United StateSj.and to that end have committed
deeds os violence ; but the arrest and punishment
of many of these pcrsone has tended greatly to
the suppression of such disorders. I do not
doubt that a creat majority of the people in all-
parts of the country favor the enjoyment By all
classes of persons" of the rights to which they are
entitled under the constitution and the laws, and
to invoke aid and influence of all good citizens to
prevent organizations whose objects are unlawful
to interfere with those rights. I look with con
fidence to the time not far distant when the ob
vious advantage of good order and rcace will in
duce an abandonment of all combinations pro
hibited by the acts referred to, and when it will
be unnecessary to carry on prosecutions or inflict
punishments to paotect citizens for lawless doings
of such combinations. Applications have been
made to me by persons" convicted of a violation
of said acts upon the ground that clemency would
tend to tranxuihze the public mind and test the
virtue of that policy. 1 am disposed, as far as
my sense of justice will permit, to give to- these
applications a favorable consideration, but any
action thereon is not to be construed 33 indi
cating any change in my determination to en
force with vijor suoh act so long as the con
spiracles and combinations therein named dis
turb the peace of the country. It is much to
be regretted, by no one more than myself, that
there ss a necessity to execute the enforcement.
No one can desire more than I that the necessi
ty of appljing force may never again be deman
ded. tJETARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR.
The secretary of the Interior reports satis
factory improvement nufr progression in
each of the several bureaus under the con
trol of tho interior department. They are
all in excellent condition. Tho work which
in some of theinor some years lias been In
arrears, has heek.Droiuiht down to a recent
date. Current Business has been promptly
dispatched. The Indian policy which was
adopted at tiie bejiluuini' of tho administra
tion with rejjard to the management of the
Indians, lias been as snece&slul as its most
ardent friends anticipated. In so short a
time It has reduced the expense of their
management, decrease their forages upon the
white settlements, tended to glvo largest op
portunity to the extension of tho great rail
ways through the public domain, and the
pushing of hCttlemonts in the more remote
districts of the country, aud at thosame time
Improve the condition of the Indians. The
policy wilt be maintained without any
chnnge, exceptlngsuch as further experience
may show to be necessary to render it more
etticient. The subject of converting the so
called Indian territory South of Kansas into
a home for Indians, and creating thereon a
territorial form of government is one of
great importance as a compliment of the ex
isting Indian policy- The question of remo
val to the territory has, within the past year,
been presented to manv of the tribes resident
upon other and less desirable portion of the
public domain, and has generally been re
ceived by them with favor. As a prelimina
ry step to the organization of such a territo
ry, it will be necessary to confine tho Indians
now resident thereon to farms of proper size,
which should bo secured to them in fee, the
residue to be used for the settlement of other
friendly Indians. Ufibrts will ho made in
the immediate future to induce the removal
of as many peaceable disposed Indians only
to the Indian territory as can be settled prop
erly without- disturbing the harmony of
those already there. Tliero Is no other loca
tion now available where a pcoplo who are
endeavoring to require a knowledgo of pas
toral and agricultural pursuits can be as well
accommodated as upon the unoccupied lauds
in the Indian territory. A territorial gov
ernment should, however, protect the In
dians from the inroad of which f.ir a term
of years, until they become sufllclontly ad
vanced in civilization to guard their own
rights, and from the disposal of lauds held
by them from the same period during the
last fiscal year there wero disposed of out or
the public lauds il.SOI.'JiVl acres, a quantity
greater by 1,099,270 acres than was disposed ot
tho previous year Of this amount 1,:70,:S20
acres were sold for cash, 3Sf,tU0 acres located
with military warrants, -t,071,:Sfi acres taken
for homestead-, e Gt-t acres located with col
lege scrip, ft,i,ss7 acres granted to railroads,
itV5!7 acres granted to. wagon roads. 7W.25.3
acres given to statesasswamp land, and 5,7li
acres located by Indian Hcrip. The cash re
ceipts from all sources in the land ollice
amounted to SV'ISJOO. During tho same pe
riod 2(i.01;.603 acres of the public lands were
surveyed, which, added to the quantity be
fore surveyed, amounts to .IWlJSO acres
leaving I,i57.7:,Ci acres of tiie publlo lands
still unsurveyed. The reports from the-subordinates
of tho land ottlco contain entire
information in regard to their respective
distric's. They uniformly mention the frult
fulness of the soil during the past season,
and tho increased yield of all kinds of pro
duce, in tnoso states and territories where
mining is tho principal business, agricul
tural products have exceeded the local de
mand, and liberal shipments have been
made to dibtant points.
VATENT3.
During the year ending September .TO, 1S72.
there were issued from the patent office 13,
tiM patents, 2 extensions and o-'Ai certificates
anil registers of trade marks. During the
same time 19.5S7 applications for patents, in
cluding reissues and designs. Imvn Iipoh re
ceived, and ..tOD caveats filed. The fees re
ceived during the same period amounted to
STO.OM.OeG, and the total expenditures to $62,-
v7u, iiiiiKiiig me net reeipts over tne ex
penditures $7,7,"Afi. Since ISW. 200.000 appli
cations for patents have been filed, and
about 1.11,000 patents Issued. Tho oltlces be
ing coimucieti turner tne s.ime laws and gen
eral organization as were adopted at the orig
inal inauguration when onlv from luo t. r.t
rlir-
applications yvre made per annum, the re
port shows that tho office has ontgrown the
original plan, and thai a new organization
has become necessary. This subject was pre
sented to congress in special communication
In 1'ebruary last, with the approval of the
secretary of tho Interior, and the suggestions
contained In said communication were; em
braced In a bill that was reported to the
house by the committee on patents at the
last session. The subject of the reorganiza
tion of the patent ollice, as contempluted by
the bill referred to. Is of such Importance to
the industrial interests or the country, that
I commend it to the attention of congress.
The commissioner nlso treats the subject of
the separation of the patent ollice from the
department of the Interior. This subjovt is
also embraced In the bill heretofore referred
to. The com,ir;lss!orior complains of the
want of a room for the moelel gallery and for
uiu nwHin torero ani rieccssary rues 01 the
office. It Is impossible to transact tho busi
ness of the oltico proper without more room
with which to arrange files and drawings
that must be. consulted hourly In the trans
action or business. The whole of tho patent
office building will sopn bo needed, if It is
notalreaely, for the accommodation of the
business of the patent office.
PENSIONS.
The amount paid for pensions In the last
fiscal year was 30,109,310, an amount larger
by 3:,7iW,i:J$ than was paid during the pre
ceding year. Of this amount 32,313.40b were
paid under act of congress of February 17
1S71, to survivors of the war of 1H12. The an
nual increase of pensions by tho legislation
of congress has more than kept pace with
the natural yearly losses from the rolls. The
act of congress of June fe. 1S72, has added an
estimated amount of S7.VJ.ooo nr n..r,t,,r. ..
the rolls, without increasing the number of
ici..-iwnji.-. , e camioi, inereioxe, look for
any substantial decrease in- the-expendtture
ot the department for some time to come or
so long as congress continues, to change the
date of pension. The whole nnmber of sol
diers enlisted in the war of the rebellion was
2,(K3,523. The total number of claims for in
valid pension is 17(5,500, being but six percent
"' "ic wuuieuuinocr 01 enlisted men. The
disposed or was 32,178; making a net gain or
1.2ii. The number of claims now on file 79 -0S1.
On the 30th of June. 1S72, there were on
the rolls the names or 0,j!5 invalid military
pensions, 113.51S widows, orphans and de
pendent relatives, making a total of 2DS 923
army pensions. At the same time there are
on the rolls the names of 1,4 19 navy pensions
ami 1,730 widows, orphans and dependent
relatives, making the whole number of na
val pensiqna 170. There have been received
since the passage of the act for pensions for
the survivors of the war of 1S12.38..S5I apDU-
Mtlnnt nrlnr tr Inns V K ) rr .1 .vl"
cations prior to June SO. 182. Of these there
were allowed during the last fiscal year 20 -125
claims; -1,815 were rejoeted during the
year, leaving 11 ,580 claims pending at that
date. The number of pensions of all classes
grnnted during the fiscal year was 33,838,
During that period, there were propped from
the rolls for various causes 91 1 names, leav
ing a grand total of 232,229 pensions on the
rolls on the 20th 0 June, 1S72. It is thought
that the claims for pensions on account of.
the war of 1S12 will all be dlsposeel of by tho
iirstoi jiay. isr-i. it is estimated mat 301..
toiai numner or claims on hand at the begin
ning or the year was J,W- the number re
celveel uuring the vear. 28.571? lht nnmu.
TIIE CENSUS.
Tho ntuth census Is about completed Thu
)mpletion Is n subject of con"nunfuMr .Is
com
...... ! au tKo l.n .. Ka. . I.. .. '
jviwiivii k.- k- uc n ui; illicit; cji W1Q St"l
tics therein contained depentls very- ersvtr
on tho promptlturteof publication. Tl.eW
rctary of tho Interior recommends ihtt
census bo taken in 1675, which reeommein'
tion should receive tho randy attention ,'r
consres. 7heinterv.nl at present estabi ,'.
ed between the federal census Is so lung t'i
the Information obtained at ihcdei-in. .1 '
rlodd to. the material condition, wantjj an"
reserves of the nation Is of little pr.u-t ,'
value after the expiration of the 11m ;.-, -that
period. It would, probably obviate m
constitutional provision rejiardinK the ,
mal census If a census, taken in 175 si,, '
be divested of all pot LUrnl character, 'n,' ,
portionrnentofcoiiK.reIonal representatn.
will be needed. Under It such a census cum'
Inj; as It would In the Inst year of the fl--century
of onr national existence, would fur
nish a noble monument of the progress
tho. Unltou States during that century.
EDUCATION.
The rapidly Increasing Interest In edi .m
tion Is a most cneourngliifj feature In tt.ept
rent history of the country, and it 1 r,'
doubt truetimt this Isdue in a irfnt m. .
I to the effort.- of the bureau of win cat!
milk uuivuu is luiinuiuuiy receivin" v
dences which abundantly prove Its elii-;.
cy. from the various institutions of learm -and
educators of all kinds throughout t r
country. The report of the commas. ,1,. r
contni'isa v.ixt amount or education,.. i..
tails of Kre.n interest. Ihe bJJlaos: pn.Jii,
before congress providing for theapproci l-
ii1 !' v but? piTctis 01 ine salts
so 111 amraoRsiy approved by the lt-adiu
........... ... ..........., ..win, x cornineno. un
favorable attention of con ress.
THE TEItRTPOKIKS.
Atlalrs.in the territories aro ijenerall'-satisfactory.
The energy and business casni. it v
of the pioneers who are settlLug. up the Ct
domain not incorporated into Mates, are
keeping pace In internal improvements and
civil government with the older commun'
tles. In but one of then Utah Is the cn
dltion of r.il'r.irs unsatisfactory. Except .
fur as the quiet of the citlaen may be d-'-i-turbed
by real or Imaginary danger of In-1
an hostilities, it hns seemed to be the pol;. v
of the legislature 1 f Utah to cvadenll respi't
slblhty to the government of the Unit- !
States, and even to hold a position In hostr
Uy to it. I recommend a careful revision f
tho present laws of the territories by i-ci -gress.
and the enactment of Mich a law a
trie one prop.x-.fd In congress at Its last si -
sion. for Instance, or soniethtn!- similar tn "
as will secure peace, the equality of cittzi r
before the law. and the final extiniiuishtm- r
of polygamy. Since the establlshnnnt of a
territorial government for tiie District ..f
Onlumbla. the improvement of the condition
of tho city of Waslilnfct-m and surrour d tgs,
and the increased prosperity of the citie .
is observable to the most ciiMiut visitor. 1'!.
nation being a large owner of property 1
this city should bear with the citizens or tf
district in a just share of the expense f
these improvements, I reccommend. tin r, -fore,
an appropriation to reimburse the citi
zens for the work done by them along an l
in front of public ground during the past
year, and liberal appropriations in ordtr
that the Improvement and embellishment of
the public buildings and grounds may keep
pace with the Improvements made by tLe
territorial authorities.
AGKICUI.Tt7nE.
Tho report or tho commissioner of agri
culture gives a full and interesting accoatif
of the several divisions of that department
The harticultural, agricultural, rmtomolog
ical and chemicalstatistlcsshow the benetl s
conferred by each upon the agricultural In
interests of the country. Tho whole rrrirt
is a complete history in total of the Work
ings of that department In all Its braudus,
showing the manner in which the farnur,
merchant and miner is Informed and the ex
tent to which ho is aided in his pursuits.
Tho commissioner makes one recommenda
tion, that measures be taken by congnss o
protect and increase the planting of forest,
and suggests that no part of the public Ian ts
should be disposed of without the condition
thatone-tonth of it be reserved In timber
where it exists ami wher it does not exl-.t
inducements should beuuered for the plant
ing of it.
CKNTEITNIAT. CELRBKATIOK.
In accordance with the terms of tho act of
congress approved March 3 IS71. nrovldln
for tho celebration of the hundredth anni
versary of American Independence, a commission-has
been organised consist Ingof tw
members from ouch of the states and terrlt. -rles.
The commission has held two sesslms
and lifts made satisfactory progress In the or
ganization and in the Initiatory steps neces
sary for carrying out tho provisions of t' r
act, and for executing the provision." ; al -.
of act of .luno 1st, Is21. creating a contt njla
board of flnnnce. A preliminary report 1 f
its progress has In-cn received from the pres
ident of the commission, nnd Is Kerewlt'i
transmitted. It will be thedufy of tht- corn
mission at your coming session to transmit
a report of the progress matle an 1 lav btfi r
you the details relating to the exh'bition r
American and foreign arts, products an 1
manufactures which by the term of tho m t
is to be hold under thn auspices of tho gr. -ernment
of tha United StHtPS, In ttvecltvcf
Philadelphia In the year 1S7G. This celebra
tion will be looked forward to by American
citizens with groat interest as making nee..
tury of greater progress and prosperity tlni'i
Is recorded in the history of any other na
tion, ami proving a further good purpose m
bringing togetheron our soil peopleof all M -commercl.-d
nations of the earth In a man
ner calculated to secure Internationa! good
feeling.
civxi. snnvicK.
An earnest desire hns been felt to oorr t
abuses which havegrown np In the cl tl t -
vice of the country, through the riofcctnr
method of making appointments tn ofHei .
They have been regarded too much as the rr
ward of political sorvlcos. Under aufhcrf
of congress rules have ben established t
regulate the terms of offW anil the mixl( r
appointments, ft cannot be ox pert c I tl:nf
any system of rule can bo entirely efTieti.
and provo a perfect remedy for the exists.:
events till they have boen thoroughly te-stt t
by actual practloe.nnd amended according
the requirements eif the service. During in,
term of ofllco It shall be mv best ende-avr.r to
so apply the rulers as to secure the' great-1 1
possible reform In the civil servlc eif t
government: but it wilt require tho dr Z
action of congress to render tho enfornne r t
of tho. system binding upon my surre"or.
and I hope that the experience of tl, j nt
year, together with appropriate liglsIaMon
bv congress, mav reach a satlsfacforv solu
tion of the ouestion and socuro to tho r.u'1 -
J service for all time a practical method of ol -
winnow milium ami eincient fffi'-i-rs r. 1
employes. r. s. OK NT.
Kxhcutivk yiAXtox, Doc. 2. 1.H72.
iEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS.
Probnte Xntlce.
In the matter of tho Probating of the "Will of
.lames Dundas, deceased.
"VTOTICE Is hereby given that an Ins-. .
X mon 1 or writing has b-n filed In t'
l'robate Court in and for ?einra f . , .
State of Nebraska, purporting toliothe?
will and testament of James Dund-i,. InU c f
thlse'ounty, now decHd. Tim: -!ii. 1 -comber
MKli. 1K72 hrs Ueen. eJeMgrr.tcd t
tlme.and the Probate' I'onrL Room the phi ,
for disportnC or ld will.
Dated, .November asth, 173.
.K. M. iW'OMAS.
8-3t PrtMxitr .1 idr
Prolinte Ifotlcr.
In tho matter of the estate of Dunf.! Vi
r deceased.
TVTOriCEIs hereby given that thecreli-r-V
of said deveascef will meet the Adr.i '
lstratrlx or said estate, betore the l'r ' '
Judge of Nemaha. county, Nebraska, ;it t
Court nouseln said cemuty.on the first M i
day in December, A. D. tS72. and the s.
Monday In May. A. D. 1873, at. ten orl. -
each day, for the purpose of present::..;
claims for examination and allowance, s
months are allowed for creel! tors to pre r "
their claims, and one year frir the Adtnlc
tratrix to settle said estate, from thelfctl. da,
of November. A. D. lsT2.
K. M. McCOMAS, Probate Ju.!'-.
Dated, Nov. 16th. 1872. 7 ,
NEW ADVEP.TISEJrEJf TS.
isr otic i.
PROPOSALS will be recelveel by ."Dis
trict Board of Krownviile (V.' s .
District, until the 25th of Dormijcr. IV, f :
fifty cords of gooei hurel wooel, one-hat' - 1
soneel, to be dellvbrud at the. School II . ,
The right to reject any and all bids r-.-r 1
O. B.HKWKTT.
5w3 Direct r.
B3np
POR SAIE.
Advertisements under this head will be chirr J.
cents each insertion, for live lines or ' ess.
tC3" A Cottnce Itcsiieice on Kichard "t.
close to business part of town. Good house, c.-s" "
f cellar, shrubbery, frnf t tres, barn, and lot a J
half, well feacei. Teraw reasonable. Apply f '
5-tf JuT.IAJLHEXIiILs.i'V
J3A DwclIiijjraraltThreeor Jsix Lots,
la
Peru. Gexxl we!!, beoriac fruit treei, Ac WI: '
two blocks or new Normal School Ueiild: (.? ( ?
for cash, or a span of good hort-s will be tu -part
pay. Itf KnfiHlreof D.S.PNYDFIt.l'i--
SCg cood, comfortable frame home,
with two rooms. A good cisteru c!oe to the be
Onf lot not fenced. A bargain will be gi ?ii .f f
within .Todays. Enquire or J. L. COLII.U i o:
Tobaceo 'Factory, on Ith street. Z 'r
WANTS.
Advert kement under tills heaet will he char ie - -'
cents each insertion, fijr live lines or le-s.
S3" "WANT SD. I will qxauauge Fruit
Trees for Corn, and give 25 cents per bushel, 1
ered to the Nnrsory at Leaden. Neb.
5t KDWARD HIKLp.
puouci:imi3 loreinicatloiinl purposes 1
the states in the gtMienil education of t (,.'
their rlslnj; scencrations.isa measure of si. 1
sreat importance to ou- real nrot;rts.&n.l
JCSS" If rou vrant Help, if you want Board
ers.iryouwuattobeiy or sell awyihi.is. a ' :
for it under thi head. It costs but t
euts Tor live lines or K-as.
' 'L
exclusive ol princi-
:Mrv ,mv wt,;rt, w,:r4 i, - ,- u. the rr.'.mil alvanta-c r,f !vr rnnnfrr ,nJ ,hi ?"'" P required for tne norm pension
. . v..Vi ...:-.. : .. .. v.. u,vj - c- - 1 ..... service uuring ine next nscai year.
I