rttofcajlthwfe.
mi t r
ADVERTISING RATES.
OiP qurt, ( Unc or less) first Insertion f I 00
jfcthsnbtequent Insertion 50
TOtlnws Cards of flvs lines or less 5 00
Etf8j- notices, each head 3 00
rhth column, one year. . .. 21 00
j2gMli column, six months, ?15; three rrtolUhs 10 00
fourth column, one year . 30 09
fourth column,slxmonths,?2l; three months 15 00
Hlf column, oncyear M J
.,.. inmn. six munhs.SS): threemonths 21 00
jii ...- , --
One column, one year.
80 00
Oaecolnrun.sis months, $0; tlireemonths 50 00
s-All transciem advertisements must be paid for
HBMHM
tfl
in advance
ESTABLISHED 1856.
imcral Business g nrirs.
ATTORNEYS.
r B. IIKWETT. - "' iteWMAJf.
HEWETT A NEWMAN,
ATTORNEYS COUNSELORS AT LAW.
Office. No. Tn, McPherson Bloc."P -jr,
.itrBnxrn, ' w. r. noo-aia.
FRENCH ROGERS,
ATTOUNKV.S & COUNSELORS AT LAW.
onicc In Court llouw Bulldlm.
I -ivei'i'5e"i niton-ion io .-sui uioiuna
i.-d to men
ff
fntrn-ledto
r-iS-tf
r care.
JOH A. DILLON,
ATTORNEY to CCTUNSELOR. AT LAW
and General Land Agent,
1 ccumsch, Johnson County, Nebraska.
J. N. REYNOLDS,
BBO WVILLE, NEBRASKA, THUESDAY, APRIL U, 1870.
tncval
ttsiittss Cgnrbs.
HOTELS.
- -v--
STAR. HOTEL.
STEVENSON & CROSS, PROPRIETORS.
Best Accommodations in the Citv.
o,ThL!;t?.uAVs,Justbi:cn remodefed. inside and
to aii'tmfns.. nhJ We Onibu-wca
RUYXOLDS HOUSE.
.NATHAN N. GREEN, 1'ROPRIETOR,
8-S & so. Main Street, Brownvllle.
..i1 "cco'omodatlons in tlje city, New nouse,
"'wly.niniisiicl. In the heart of business uarf. ol
i. very stable convenient. 45-0m
JOHXQ.A.KMITir.
E. ir. WILCOX.
STORAGE. FORWARDING,
ASD
COMMISSION HOUSE
or '
SMITH-& WILCOX,
And dealers In all kinds of Grain, Tor which they
pay the highest market pricu in Caslu
je3-OniCe at Store of F. K. Johnson A Co. 18-fiin
city.
AMERICAN HOUSE.
L. D. ROBLSON, PROPRIETOR.
Front-st.,bet.3rnIiinnd Wnter.
,TTORXC Y i COUNSELOR, A T L AW, , jf,01 Tcc1 n.nd Livery Stablein connection with
OFHrF'"-'0' Win ivit JiWlU
THOMAS A RROADY,
TTOttN EY" AT LA W AN I) SO LICITORS
T IN CHANCERY,
Olr F't B I'istrict Court Room. -
W.M. H. McLENNAN,
..miilVKY AND COUNSELOR AT LAVT,
.brnsVB Citr. Nrbntskiu
K. K. PERK
:ins,
ITTOllNEV AND COUNSELOR AT LAW,
Tpcmli. Johnson County, Neb.
" " NYE & HUMPHREY,
ATTORNEYS. & COUNSELORS AT LAW,
Pawner City, Pawnee Co.. Neb.
N. K. GRIGGS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW AND LANIVGENT,
Ileatricc, Ge County. Nebraska.
COUNTY SURVEYOR.
JULIUS GILBERT,
COUNTY SURVEYOR,
Post Ofllce address,
Clifton, Nemaha County, Nebraska.
JUSTICES.
A. W. MORGAN,
PROBATE JUDGE AND JUSTICE OP
THE PEACE.
Office in Court House BuIIdinc
JACOB MAROffis
MERCHANT TAILOR,
PHYSICIANS.
W. IL KIM BERLIN, M. D.
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON TO NEB.
EE AND EAR INFIUMAItY.
flrncc-WMaln-Mt. eyru-K Horns 7 a.m. to6 r.M.
" IL O. TIlURMANr
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON.
OtHce No. 85 Main Street,
03c hour from 7 to 11 a. m. and I to 4 p.m.
ILL. MATHEWS,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON.
OHxein City iJruK Store, 3Iain-st.
r. F. STI-VART, M. D.,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Ofliee In D. )l. Lc-. Ls t Co.'a Drug Store.
Ofllce hoars from 7 to 9 a. in.: and 1 to 2 and CJi to
7,p. "
-
LAND AGENTS.
R. V. JIUGIIES,
REAL ESTATE AGENT &. NOTARY
PUBLIC.
CSr ever Hniinafonl t McFall's Furnitui e store.
W'M. IL HOOVER,
EEAL 1STATK Jk TAX PAYING AGE.NT.
Ofllce In District Cohrt Room.
ir.:' itlii e prompt attention to the ale of Real Es
ti -'d P-j na;nt or Taxes throughout UieNemaha
Iac liatr ct.
STATIONERY.
- -s , --- w v
A. D. MARSH,
PIONEER ROOK AND NEWS DEALER,
City Book Store, No. 50 Maln-st.
BRIDGE BUILDING.
--r- s
a AV. AVHEELER,
BRIDGE BUILDER &. CONTRACTOR.
Brownvllle, Nebraska.
Sole agent for R. VT. Smith's Patent Truss Bridge.
The!tronest and best wooden bridge now in use.
TAILORING.
CHRIS. HAUBOLDT,
"MERCHANT TAILOR,
No.C2ilaIn-st
Has on hand a splendid stock of Goods, and will
makpthein up In the latest styles, on Hliort notice
and reasonable terms.
m i l! ion;
PHILLIPS & BARNES'
GREAT WESTERN
MBMrro,yj'ygsjJ!,''-J--e'
JONAS HACKER,
I.AXD AND TAX PAYING AGENT.
Oirice with l'robate Judge.
X 1 attnid to the I'avment of Taxes for Non
KitdfLt LnMHitvners in Nemaha County. Corrcs
r -naVnce bo'.n. .'.0L
NOTARIES.
.IAS. CV McNAUGIITON,
i JOTARY PUBLIC &. CONVEYANCER,
Otlice in J. L Canton Bank.
II 11 EBR1G1IT,
.VOTARY PUBLIC &. CONVEYANCER,
No. TJ Main-M., .secind lloor.
Arout for tlie liiuitalile ami American Tontine
Lift injurence CJompatiics,
DRUG STORES;
McCREERY & N1CICELL,
BEtiLKUS IN mil'KS.NTATIOXERY, tc.
No. 32 Main-st.
rallut.3rtineiit Drugs, Paiiifi. Books. Stationery,
I tic. on hand. ..ml -ohl at u holealc or retuil.
HOLLA DAY t CO.,
DEALERS IN DRUGS, MEDICINES, &c.
No. 41 Jlaln-.st.
GRAIN DEALERS.
EVAN WORTHING.
FORWARDING AND COMMISSION
MERCHANT,
Ofllce and rareroom -12 Mnln-t.,
lUr in nil kinds nf Crriln :iinl Ciimtrv Pro
au.
GEO. G. START & BUO.,
SEALERS IN GRAIN, PRODUCE, &c.
Aspinwull, Nebraska.
Ths highest market price paid for anything the
fuafrca:i raise. Vo vill buy and sell evvryttiiiiK
ka n to the market.
MERCHANDISE.
F. E. JOHNSON & CO.
ULKRS IN GENERAL .MERCHANDISE
No. 72 Maln-st., MxPherson Block.
WM. T. DEN,
DEILER IX GENERAL MERCHANDISE,
''orwartllnjf ifcConimiiMlon Mt-rclinut,
No. C2 Main-st., Brownvllle,
tern riantcrt.. Plows, stoves. Furniture, Ac., al
J(n band. Highest market price paid lor Hides,
r'u. Furs, and Country 1'roduce.
BLACKSMITHS.
N. --..
J. IL BEASON,
GENERAL BLACKSMITH,
Maln-st Brownvllle, Neb.
Is prepared to do nil kinds of work in Iron, on
short notice, and at prices In keeping with the
times, 2i-y
J. AW it J. C. GIBSON,
BLACKSMITHS fc HORSE SHOERS.
First-st., bet. Main and Atlantic.
All v. ork done to order and satisfaction guaranteed.
-'j'jHm,iirn i '
55R. J. BLAKE,
SWfcBhl '
1
Would respectfully
nnuoimcethat he has
located In Brownvllle
md Is now prepared
tS3
- toprform.inthebest
u3 viiy, 5 NO--' manner, ALL oper--y
Cy'l-rsosr ntions Dertainimr to
-'"'"' --- the science of Den-
tistrj'
Ori- tc e O ver City Drug Store, trout room. Ifit
FRANZ EELMER,
AGQN &gLAGKSMiTHHOP
ONE DOOR "WEST OF COURT HOUSE.
WAGON
Livery, Feedj Sale and Exchange
STABLES,
Corner Main and Levee St RROWNVILLE.
HAVING purchased this Stable of
A. P. CoKSwell.we are prepared to furnish
tueousi -i-jiAJie, jsuiiiiJ'JSaim CARRIAGES In
Southern Nebraska, at iOWJiST CASH RATES.
Room for Fifty Horses. Corral for Stock. Particu
lar attention paid to Feeding or Boarding Horses.
r-5-lyJ PHILLIPS & BARNES.
NEW STOCK OF
Dry-Goods and Groceries
wn -S--WJ' .
A. AV. ELLIS,
To accommodate the public in and about London,
has just received, and opened up in that placc.a new
stock of
GRY-GOODS, GROCERIES, READY
MADE CLOTHING,
which he ls selling at prices which defy competi
tion from the river towns.
PATRONIZE HOME.and assist in build
InKupapoint in the interior, ispeomllv when vou
can Ret kom1s Just as cheap, which Is the" case at 'the
store of Mr. Ellis. 15-c
AiAKIXG. RcDiiiriuir.
Plows, and all work done in thi'l.r-st
manner atid on short notice. Satisfaction trnaran-
auteed. Give him a call.
t"H-ly.
-sfe DIM'
SNOKE,
T SHOE
MAKER.
No. 15
Main Street,
BROWNVILLE, NEB.
Has constantly on hand a superior stock of Boots
and Shoes. Custom work done with neatness and
dispatch.
H. H. BEYAIfT,
HOUSE, SIGN, Allfl CARRIAGE
PAINTER,
Grain cr 5 Paper Hanger,
f-TS-tf
No. CO MAIN STREET,
Brownvillo, Nolraska.
HARDWARE.
- - ..,.-.-
SHELLENBERGER BRO'S..
DALRRg in HARDWARE, STOVES.
No. 74 Maln-st.
UTf g, HaiJ are. Carpenter's Tools, Blacksmith
U'nliUhuttc., constantly on hand.
JOHN C. DEUSER.
I DBALER IN STOVES, TINAVARE, fcc.
No. 79 Main-sU
SADDLERY.
J. H. BAUER.
HARNESS, BRIDLES, COLLARS, Etc.
No. U Maln-st.
Ktndlngdone to order. Satisfaction guaranteed.
BOOTS AND SHOES.
A. ROBINSON,
BOOT AND SHOE MAKER,
No. 5S Maln-st.
ill! 4.X.C .. .. , 1 .. .... t.n...l .. .....Vf4 .. i..... ..... ..
I p - vwmuiiiii uu Xl.tliu . Klvu MJI 4II1U1II Ul
I"Ji . LAdics, Misses' and Children s Boots and
.f0- -"stom work done with neatness and dls
'MCa. Ktii-ilrlnrdniir on ".hurt lmtlrti.
SHellenberger Bros.
mmm mmi
No. 74,
ItlcPlierson's KIocIc,
BROWNVILLE, NEB.,
SOLE AGENTS FOR
CANTON CLIPPER PLOWS!!
THE BEST ILO W MADE!
JOHN L. CARSON,
bajst:ke:r.
HJiO W2TVILLE....
NEBRASKA
Exchange Bought and Sold on all the priti
clpal Hlies. Also dealer in Gold and Silver
Coin, Gold Dust and
GOVERNMENT BONDS.
Deposits received, payable at sIkIiL Inter
est paid on time deposit by specinl agree
ment. Taxi's paid for non-residents.
All kinds of U. S. Bonds wanted.
A LARGE AXD SPLENDID
ASSORTMENT
JUST RECEIVED AT
Sliellenberger Bros.,
T4 Main St.
BROWNVILLE, NEB.
PHELPS H0QSE.
Opposite the Depot,
PHELPS city, axo,
"W. M. STEVENS, Piioprii-tob.
As Rood accommoilations and gooil stabling nr
olfered as can be had in the Wost. 3S-ly
KPU-j!
iriont
iO wL!b
&
CONFECTIONERIES.
ISRA v.x. s vj rv
pTY BAKERY ANO CONFECTIONERY.
o. 51 Malu-sU, opposite CI ty Drugstore.
ImV t,aUes. Presh Brvad, Confectionery, Light
V3 r ancy Groceries, constant!! on baud.
WILLIAM ROSSELL.
"XPECTIOXERY AND TOY STORE,
jlah Ureajd, Cakcsv Oysten, Fruits, etc, on hand.
I J. P. DEUSER,
EXLER INCONPECTIONERIES. ifcc
No. -M Maln-sL
MUSIC.
MRS. J. M. GRAHAM,
TEACHER OF MUSIC.
Rooms, Maln-st., bet. 4th and 5th,
inJ Vocalbatlou. Havin- had elRht vears
.nfn ..,.l,nr Xfitvlrn Vm-Vn.V Iconn-
ofclvlng saUsfiictfon.
MEDFORD & IIOVARD,
Rcimcnt BUILDERS
Are prepared to furnish
DESIGNS & SPE01TI0ATI0NS
for all kinds or
BUILDINGS,
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE,
of the latest and most approved stj Ies.
ALSO TAKE CONTRACTS!
All kiniU of Job Work dour to order!
4S"Shop, corner Main and Second streets,
JiROWXriLLE, A'ATJ. -tt-y
Clocks, Watches, Jewelry
No. 59 Main Street, Brccmville.
JOSEPH SHUTZ,
Has just opened and will constantly
keep on hand a lar-e and well assorted
stock ol j-enuine articles In his line.
Ropairing of Clocks, Watches, and Jew
elry done on hhort notice.
ALL WORK WARRANTED.
Broad Street, lietireet 3d &. 1th,
F25.SMONT,NSBRASKA.
S. II. ITOVIISR,
PROPRIETOR.
This House is within 50 roils of the U. P. B. B. and
S. C. t 1. II. R. Depon. Hacks leave lor AVcst
Point daily, and Lincoln tri-weekly. 6-tf
MOUND CITY HOTEL.
Cor. North Market and Broadway,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
G. A. BOYD, PROPRIETOR.
One block a est of the North Market street Bepot
of theN.M.ILR. The street cars pass this house
forall parts of the city, For all purposes it is the
bust hotel In tho city. "tf
V
CO.
"Bounty claim agents.
'nil
ED. I. SMITH,
r S.AVAU CLAIM AGENT,
Washlngtou City, I), a
iair(t-n'-t0 lhe prosecution of claims before the
Ri.HUtnt In nw.F. rn.tilitlil...in ... n..i.
Uc.. -?,Mons. and all claims Bccniing amlnst
-.....& ...x, .., ......
Th
.SAIOONS.
JOSEPH Hl'DDABD & CO.,
pEACE AND O.CIET SALOON.
No. 47 Maln-st.
put Wines and Liquors kept onliand.
. R. C. BERGER,
AMBRA BILLIARD SALOON,
Pk. . -u.5 nixney s isiock.
f t trhw rA T -. -- X
wi-jitD -.uffrMnF cn nna. i
LOUIS WALDTEER.
TTIK l'lONEKR,
Is fully prepared to do all kinds of
HOUSE, SIGN,CARRIAGE,
Ornamental Painting,
Guildlng, Glazing, Papcrlianglng, &c.
A.IL.IL, ABOARD I "
tssc
LFJKS
The Brownville Transfer Line,
Under the management of
JACOB ROGERS,
I now Banning Regular Omnibnsees from
Bro-amvilleto tho Railroad Terminus
of the Council Bluffs and St. Joseph Railroad,
At North Star, Mo.,
Two iUJes from Brownville and North Star Ferry
LnnJing.
Good Oxanibusscs. Closo Conn-actionr
Chariscs Modorate. 30-tf
M. WYETH &
AVholesalc Dealer in
HARDWARE & CUTLERY
No. 6 South Third, bet. Felix AEdmondsts,,
ST. JOSEPH. MO.
HARNESS, Skirtinpr, and all kinds
of Saddles. Leather. Bridles. Hardware.
tc., constantly on band. Aieuu for Bitson's Circu
lar Saws and Marvin's safes. 45-y
1?. e. COJTTm'l!BZ,E,
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
IMPORTER
WHOLESALE AND BEAIL DIIVLEK IN
Ironx Steel, and Heavy
HARDWARE!
WAGON,Carriage.and Plow "Works,
Agricultural Iiiiplempiits.Sprlncs.Ax
els, .Vie., Shovels. Spades Files, Ibisps. Chains,
Carriage and Tire Bolt. Nuts and "Washers. Nails,
Horse and Mule Shoes. Saws. Castlni-s and Hollow.
Ware. Sugar Kettles, Andirons, Skillets and Lids.
Stew BoLs, jjuUe ovens.FruIt Kettles :uid Sad Irons.
BLACKS.tIITil.' TOOZ-S :
Anvils, Stocks and Dies. Bellows. Sledce and
Hand Hammers, Vice-., Pmcers, Basps, Furriers'
Knives, Tire Iron, Sc
OCTFCTTIXG GOODS:
Ox okes. AxleGrease. Ox Chains, Wacon Jacks.
Ox Shoe NaiN, Shovels, Picks, etc. Hubs. Spokes
and Bent-slutr.
Agricultural Implements :
1 nnn cekebrvted molxxe
1 III! 1 1 PLOWS, Ea-cle Mowers. McCormick's
I 1 1 III I Beapers and Mowers. Kallers Ilon-e
I'UUU Corn Planters. Sulky Corn Cultivators.
Rand Corn Shelters', Hay Bakes. delete.
aoknt ron
FAIRBANKS' SCALES.
Buying my goods direct from manufacturers
I ofTbr verj -rreat inducements to
WHOLESALE BUYERS.
Qualifications of Common School
Teaclierg in Nebraska.
There seems to be a great misappre
hension as to the amount of knowl
edge our teachers should possess, be
fore they can be considered qualified
to teach a common school. At present
there is an error in requiring teachers
to pass examination in Algebra, Bot
any, Philosophy, Physiology, &c., &c.
The tendency is to make teachers-ex-ceedingly
superficial in the common
branches, while they are reachingout
after the higher, sciences, of which
they can obtain but a smattering at
best. "We would not charge folly upon
any one, but tnere is a sad mistake
somwhere.
A friend said to us the other day,,
"we have a splendid man for a Su
perintendent in our county, (a county
west of this.) Why, Mc, if you came
out there to get a certificate he would
more than likely give you a third rate
certificate. ,He is hard on tho teach
ers, I toll you."
We answered more than likely if
the same man came to us we might do
the same by him.
We thought that rather a hard
thing however, that the Principal of
the Normal School could only secure a
third rate certificate: and we felt
something must be wrong. Doubtless
we are ignorant of very many things
and can learn very much yet, but we
honestly feel ourselves entitled to a
higher grade than that. 33ut this is
only related to show the extremes in
to which examiners can run and real
ly do more injury than good.
We contend acommon school teach
er should be thoroughly prepared in
all the common branches, that he
should not only be able to solve all
the examples in the Arithmetic, but
at should thoroughly understand every
principle. Solving a few difficult
problems, is really no test at all;
many a person can do that, and yet,
have no power to explain the why.
We know very many "fine teachers,"
according to the report of patrons,
and yet, all their ability lies in a
skillful use of a "key."
We must say we consider the few
questions printed for consideration, a
very meagre, aflair in testing a teach
ers' knowledge .of Arithmetic. It is
our experience that not one teacher
in fifty understands Arithmetic, and
not one ia a hundred teaches it prop
erly. And what is true in Arithmetic
is more than true in Reading.
Where do we find a fine reader
much less a fine instructor in the art?
And yet these Superintendents, who
are so tenacious for a little Algebra,
Botany, &c, will allow a miserable
mangier of beautiful prose or poetry
to take charge of a school, providing
he can give a few paltry rules in in
llection, emphasis, and the like. Such
examinations are simply bosh, and
no test whatever.
We raise our voice against grading
certificates in the manner they are
now graded. Let the teacher who is
thoroughly qualified in Reading, Spel
ling, Penmanship, Arithmetic, Geog
raphy, and Grammar, receive a certi
ficate of the first grade in our common
school and let other branches rank as
high school certificates.
The way the thing is now, a bid is
made for the higher branches, while
a thorough qualification in the com
mon branches is in a measure ignored
or passed by lightly. Of course this
will be denied, yet this is the practical
working of the present system.
What every Superintendent should
know is, has the candidate ability to
t tn-Ti no rf ittttnf ln !... C S-V
.....t. u ..mil iiu kuows.' urai ex
planation is the only test of- that.
Written examinations in part, are
veiy desirable, but are not bufiicieut
evidence of ability.
Teachers should be examined more
on the theory and practice of teach
ing, and be required to understand or
ganizing schools before they are al
lowed to enter as teachers, otherwise
everything is an experiment with
them.
J. L McKenzie.
vol. ii-sro.
t':' - .JL.'.'j',
S-.-U. mj
lfoiifli"mdktK
C'
FUMAS-.COIiI-UPP.dzr GO.,
Publisher, and rfopi-ictors.
OMco No. 74 Tilcrhcrson's Iliac!., np SicOrtt.
J BROWNVILLE.- NEBRASKA.
Tonus, in Advance j-
Onq-py, one year
One copy, vix months..
S2 OO
1 OO
GENT'S BURNISHING; -'GOODS,
at , , . ,IHTZEL'S.
HATS AND CAPS. All 1 Varieties
and. Sty res,M HS'PaEL'i
COM3IUNICATED.
Government.
The art of governing children,
whether in the family or in the school
room, depends, as all acts do, upon an
underlying principle of science. The
art of child government depends
chiefly upon the science of moral
philosophy. Moral philosophy ex
plains the nature and functions of the
moral faculties; and it is only by the
proper training Qf these faculties that
their possessor can be governed either
by himself or in connection with oth
ers. This is certainly true if tho Demo
cratic idea of general government be
true
There is not so very much difference
between the moral faculties of chil
dren and those' of adults. Yet, we are
opt .to exercise the errors of the young
on the ground that they have not
rercneu tiie years of accountability.
Accountability does not always de
pend upon years. The time of ac
countability begins with each indi
vidual when conscionse begins to stir.
The saying that boys will be boys or
girls be girls, when used to palliate an
immorality, is often, yea! too often per
nicious and dileterious, and equally so
is theproverbof sowing wild" oats. Boys
will be boys, but they need not be bad.
There is no necessity in this wide
world for anybody .0 sow wild oats,
or any other evil seed. B03-3 and trirls
find out the difference between rijrht
,i v, .r
ness of moral power and responsibili
ty. Assure at once and severly
recognize in them an eternal obliga
tion to do and to act the best possible
way. Assure that they are. bv a
little culture, able to govern them
selves. This will create within them
spirit of true dignity; and as the
blacksmith strengthens the muscles of
the arm by continued exertion and
use, or as the "pedestrian builds up tlie
powers of locomotion by general
movement, or as in case of atrophy
frictional electricity is used to dilate
the part suffering with such malady ;
so by use alone are the faculties made
strong and vigorous.
Wo are able to recognize in the pe
culiar vices of boys, the same eVils
which, when grown, become the
source of so much social mischief.
LEIence, a family or school should be
governed on precisely the same prin--ciples
as the Ruler governs the mighty
nation or republic.
Boys should bo treated as school
boys while at school, and as members
as the domestic circle while at home;
and should be taught that they must
grow up to be men, either of useful
ness, or as the negro said,, as nuisances.
Age does not prevent faults from be
ing'sins or their excelliences from be
ing noble and christian virtues. Their
situation does not make the aDolica-
tion of christian princfples to their
daily life an impractical vision.
Again, there is another thought. In
proportion as .children dislike an as
sumption of a falacious manliness, it
should be our desire to cultivate in
them that manliness as the only step
to elevation, and to dwell upon ear
nest principles and great moral
thoughtfulness as the distinguishing
mark between good and evil.
Hence, to make government a suc
cess we should have as much done by
the children themselves as possible,
and nothing for them. In teaching a
child to walk you teach it to depend
upon its own physical resources-in
order that the powers of locomotion
be quickest developed ; and so it is
with the mental faculties. The sooner
you teach a child to depend upon its
self, the sooner the great end for
which he was created is achieved;
and I heartily acquiesce in tho old
adage, that self-reliance is one of the
principle auxiliaries in educating.
Hence, the practice of treating boys
is gentlemen and girls as ladies, and
all as reasonable and rational beings,
of making them respect themselves
and their word by the mere respects
as teachers and parents show to them
of showing. That we appeal to their
own common sense and conscience,
is becoming more and more prevalent.
This method of government is cm
ployed by thousands with gratifying
success, and it is based upon a correct
theory ai d cannot fail if judiciously
uurnuu out; ana it 13 a principle in
philosophy that no theory should be
held responsible for the results of its
mis-application. Nothing is more,
certain and true than that the innate
moral forces existing in every soul
should be recognized as the most re
liable controllers of conduct.
By what particular process these
lorces are to be developed, is a matter
of experiment, ingenuity and skill.
Plans, devices, mooes of procedure,
must be varied to adapt them to
existing conditions or circumstances.
Though all children have minds to
cultivate, yet all these minds are not
in the same state of development, nor
are they susceptible to the same in
fluence. Tho carpenter uses the ax
and jihe cross-cut saw on the rough
log; the smoothing plane, the chUel
and the more delicate instruments of
his trade as the wood upon which he
operates gradually assumes the de
sired outline and proportions. Tho
sculpture in like manner, the farmer
the same. Each kind of work de
mands a suitable tool. You can read
ily shape a piece of pine with vour
penknife, while a piece of iron must
be heated and hammered into shape.
And while we adopt methods to ex
isting circumstances, it must ever be
remembered that the existing circum
stances change every day. The teach
er mu.t be ready to meet the demand
of each new situation in which cir
cumstances may change. It is nei
ther quickness nor slowness, severity
nor leniency, reward nor punishment,
physical nor spiritual power that will
in itself accomplish the desired result ;
but all of these, according to the ne
cessity of the case.
Bv Requist.
JOB 3?IIlSTTITO,.'
or all kinds, done on short notice and at reasona
ble rates. ..
may be too great a tax on physical her weary father's knee. Six seven
strengtn ana nervous energy. Then
comes the demand for "help," and
what is the remedy? Why .keep "ser
vants?" Dangerous experiment. An
evil to thejservantand on evil to those
served.
The cry has gono out : Oh ! famous
ladies and reformers ; bless the fami
lies of the earth, with competent and
reliable domestics, and we pledge an
overwhelming vote for Female Suf
frage. Now that Female Suffrage is a state
of aflairs to-be desired, is not plain to
all minds. And I am frank to say I
"caunotsee it." And if women does
not vote until "reliable domestics" are
found, she never will vote.
The system of.servitude- is wrong;
let itbeblaclcmen and women at the
South oE.w.hitemqn.andwpine,aatthe
North, and will bring evil consequen
ces to all parties concerned. This is
certain.
This attempt to train up "reliablo
and competent domestics," either for
"American house-keepers or Euro
pean house-keepers," is built on tho
ground' that, that in the nature of
things, and that the Creator ordered
it so, that one portion of mon and wo
men were intended to be "servants"
to the other portion, which is not a
fact, and all those who strive to create
such a state of affairs will find the
Almighty will overthrow their
schemes just as he has blotted out Af
rican slavery in tho United States.
Well, then, what is to be done for
the "over-worked house-Keepers, vex
ed with uncomnetcnt and un-trust-
worthy help?" I know full as well
as any oue can know, how annoying
it is for Irish Bridget always Wanting
to go andseeher "cousin," and Amer
ican Martha with broken down health,
like all American women, because
fashion requires it, always bringing
in a plea of a "pain in the side," to
meet any complaint which may be
brought against table-linen not as
white as it should be, bread not as
light as it might be, cofFee thick, pud
dings burned and meats raw. But
then Bridget and Martha are human
beings, have human nature and wo
man nature too, and like social en
joyment, and are just as likely to be
"over-worked" as Mrs. Grunby.
In these troubles of "house-keepers"
may there not be other causes for
"physical exhaustion, vexation and
palpable suffering," other than want
of "comuetent heln." and which "re
liable domestics" can never remedy.
I think there are, and I think I can
prove it. If the good and accom
plished house-keeper who is over
worked, and there are many such
cases ; if she is so unfavorably situa
ted as not to have a mother, daughter,
sister or friend to help her, why she
must do the best she can without in
truding upon thedomain of the rights,
health and happiness of others for her
comfort and convenience. She might
as well sutler as others to suffer for
her ease. And there is suffering and
degradation in servitude, in any of its
forms.
Ye "Lords of Creation" who call
and wrongsoon enough'. -Throw tfiera
nr. nnri'minn linl. A-rn r,V.-2:..-
at
COMMUNICATED
House-Keeping.
It is the duty of every man and wo
man to extract as much genuine hap
piness from human existence for
themselves and for others, as is pos
sible to bo gained. Not the least
among tho sources of happiness is a
pleasant Lome. A place where the
intellect is to expand and grow strong
under skillful training; where the
moral nature is to grow beautiful by
drinking from the deep, and gushing
fountains of effection. It is refresh
ingto the weary, tosee a well ordered
house. Ii takes a noble woman to be
a good house-keeper; in the full sense
of the-word.
Here is a broad field in which to
cultivate those lovelygraces of charac
ter, love, charity, patience and self-
l-denial. This prevents the snrintrincr
up of those poionous weeds, envy,
hatred and jealousy. No good house
keeper can find time to hunt up her
neigh bor'svfjndiUs,nnd weaknesses, and
tattle them around to make mischief,
"But in this continual watching for
the good of others ; this constant
toil-worn mother. One two three
iut-xiiy eacn siroKe xoia or ner once
'npnc'tfiil clnmW in Vint. ,.,-, ..'o-'l,,
once upon their dwQ,counseijaua-: working, of- mind aii.d body. These sqm, and of her scat at nightfall on
upon "famous ladies and reforms" to
"afford relief to house-keepers" in the
way of "reliable help," hear ye, they
will not do it; they cannot. Rather
ask them to do away with the evils
which make a demand for "domest
ics," and thej- will try that, and
with more hope of success.
Jennette Harding.
London, Neb.
She Has Outlived Her Usefulness.
Not long since a man in middle life
came to our door asking for "the min
ister." When informed that he was
out of town, he seemed disappointed
and anxious'. On being questioned as
to his business, he replied: "I have
lo3t my mother; and as this place
used to be her home, and as n3 father
lies here, wc have come to lay her be
side him."
My heart rose in sympathy, and I
said, "You have met with a great
loss."
"Well, yes," he replied, with hesi
tancy, "a mother is a great loss in
general, but our mother had outlived
her usefulness. She was in her second
childhood, and her mind had grown
weak as her body, so that she was no
comfort to herself, and was a burden
to' everybody. There was seven of us,
sons and daughters; and we agreed to
keep her among us a year about. But
I have had more than my share of
her, for she was too feeble to be moved
when 1113 time was out, and that was
more than three months before her
death. But then she was a good
mother in her day, and toiled very
hard to bring us up."
Without looking at the face of the
heartless man, I directed him to the
house of a neighboring pastor, and re
turned to 1113' nurseo. gazed on the
merry little faces which smiled or
grew sad in imitation of mine, those
little ones to whose ear no word in
our language is half so sweet as
"mother," and I wondered if that
da3 could ever come when the3 would
sa3 of me, "She has outlived tier use
fulnessshe is no comfort to hen-self,
and a burden to evenbod3 else!"
And I hoped before such a day should
dawn I might be token to 1113 rest.
God forbid that I should outlive the
love of 1113' children.! Rather let me
die while 103 heart is a part of theirs,
that m3 grave mi.3' be watered with
their tears, and ui3 love linked with
their hopes of heaven.
When the bell tolled for the moth-,
cr's burial, I went to the sanctuar3- to
pa3 1113 onl token of respect to the
aged stranger; fori felt that I could
give her memor3 a- tear, even though
her own children had none to shed.
"She was a good mother in her da3
and toiled hard to bring usall up she
was no comiort to Herself aud a bur-
eight nine ten rang out the tale
01 ner sports upon tne green sward,
in the meadow beside the brook.
Eleven twelve thirteen fourteen
spoko moro gravely of school-da33,
and little household jo3s and cares.
Sixteen seventeen eighteen soun
ded out the enraptured visions of
maidenhood and the dream of early
love. Nineteen brought before ua
the happy bride. Twent' spoko of
the young mother, whose" heart was
full to bursting with the new, strong
lovo which God had awakened in her
oosom. And then stroke after stroke
told of her early womanhood of the
loves, and cares, and hones, and fears.
and toils through which she passed
during those long3-ears, till fifty- rang
out harsh and loud. From that to
sixty, each stroke told of the warm
hearted mother and grandmother,
living over again her own joys and
sorrows in those of her children and
children's children.
Every family of all the groupe
wanted grandmother, then, and the
only strife was who should secure tho
prize. But, hark, the bell tolls on !
Seventy so en ty. one two three
four. She begins to grow feeble, re
quires some' care, is not always per
fectly patient or satisfied; she goes
from one child's house to another, so
that no placo seems like home. Sho
murmurs In plaintivo tones, that after
all ner toil and weariness, it is hard
sue cannot be allowed a home to die
in ; that she must be sent rather than
invited from house to house. Eighty
eight3-one two three four. Ah !
she is a second child now "She has
outlived her usefulness, she has now
ceased to bo a comfort to herself or
anybody" that is, she has ceased to
be profitable to her earth-craving and
money-grasping children.
Now sounds out, reverberating
through our lovely forest, and echoing
back from our "hill of the dead,"
eight3T-mncJ There she lies now in
the coffin, cold and still ; she makes
no trouble now, demands no love, no
soft words, no tender little offices. A
look of patient endurance, wo fan
cied, also, an expression of grief for
unrequited love, sat on her marble
features. Her children were there
clad in weeds of woe, and in ironj wo
remembered tho strong man's word,
"She wjts a good mother in her da3"
When the bell ceased tolling, the
strange minister rose in ths pulpit.
His form was very erect, and his voice
strong, but his hair was silvery white.
He read several passages of Scripture
expressive of God's compassion to
feeble man, and especialh of His ten
derness when gr.13 hair-Tare on him
and his strength faileth. He then
made some touching remarks on hu
man frailt3', and of dependence on
God, urging all present to make their
peace with their Master while in
health that they might claim His
promise when heart and flesh failed
them. "Then," he said, "the eternal
God be thy refuse, and beneath the
shade tree the everlasting arms."
Leaning over the desk, and gazing
intently on the coffin from before
him, he then said reverently: "From
a little child I have honored the aged:
but never till gray hairs covered"ni3'
own head did I knew tru"3' how much
love and smpathy this class have a
right to demand of their fellow-creatures.
Now I feel it. "Ourmother,"
he added, most tender, "who now
lies in death before us, was a stranger
to me, as are all of these, her descen
dants. All Tknow of her is wJint her
son has told me of her to-day, that
she was brought to this town from
afar, sixt3 nine years ago, a happy
bride that there she has passed most
of her life, loiling as only mothers
have strength to toil, until she has
reared a large family of sons and
daughters that she left her home
here, clad in the weeds of widowhood.
da3", the names of suitable persons an
locid agents to attend to the- interests
of immigrants in their respective, lo
calities. -Nebraska
City, April 2, 1S70.
' . .Ii-N.
STATE BOAKD OK IMMIGRATION. tllJt
CULAR NO. 3. ,' ,' t
Adeeriteemcntii.
Being about to issue pamphlets in
the English, German and Scandina
vian languages on the resources of
Nebraska for general circulation- in
tho Eastern States and Europe, it has
been determined to allow a limited
number of pages for advertisements
of Railroad Companies, Real Estate
Agents, Bankers, Hotel keepers, ifcc,
the mone3 accruing from such adver
tisement to be added to the appropri
ation made by tho last Legislature for
Immigration purposes, and used for
tho increase of the number of pam
phlets. Tho terms for advertisements in
any one of tho paiiiphlcts, will be' as
follows: ' ,; l " "-l
For
ct
One
t
4-
Pago
$30,
20,
pa3able in advance.
All persons forwardinir the above
amount will be furnished, if desired,
with a limited number of pamphlets
for their own private use.
Advertisements in the pamphlet in
the German and Scandinavian lan
guage must be forwarded to the' .Sec
retary of the Stato Board of Immi
gration on or before thelSth day of
April, 1S70, and advertisements for
the pamphlet in the English language
ma3 be addressed to anj one of the
members of the Board on or before
the 30lh day of June, next.
Tho edition of the pamphlet in
English will not be less than 25,000
copies, those in German and Scandi
navian not less than 15,000 copies.
-ixcurasKa (Jity, ApnL 4, lb70.
fCC. Smith 'Pros.,'
I. 0.,Falls City Neb
Wm. Bifchof, Seo3'.,
P. O..Neb. City Neb
Feed. Kku, Treas.,
P. O., Omaha, Neb.
State Board of
Immigration
Seward.
The town of Seward, which is newest
of the three whiehjiave sprung up in
this Valley, is situated at the conflu
ence of the Blue, with Plum Creek
on the east, and Lincoln Creek on the
west, about two miles and a half front
the geographical centre of thecount3.
It will hence be seen that it has tho
most central position of aii3 business
point in the County of Seward. Tho
first business house was erected In 1S0S
and the town has steadily progressed
anil improved in population and busi
ness since that time. There are th'reo
stores here, besides a Drug Store, ono
blacksmith shop, one grocery and :t
saloon, a good saw mill, and hthey aro
now building a grist ami lloUring mill,
which will be ready the coming sea
son. There are two phj'sicians, ami
two law3ers. a Real Estate Agency, a
lumber yard and a manufactory of
brick.
Thus it will seem, we have a good
start in'busincss.
The surrounding country is well
settled 'with thrifty farmers, the soil
rich; and every prospect of building
up a good sized town, if the inhabi
tants will show that degree of pefse
verence and enterprise, which always
warrants success. Nebraska Ailws.
to dwell among her children till
health and strength left her. God
forbid that conscience should accuse
au of 3011 of ingratitude or murmur
ing on account of the care sho has
been to 3011 of late. When 3011 go
back to 3'our homes be careful of 30111
example before 3ou own children;,
for the fruit of 3'bur own doing ou
will surel3 reap from them when you
yourself totter on the brink of the
grave. I entreat you as a friend, as
one who has himself entered the eve
ning of life, that 3011 ma3 never S113
in the presence of 3our families nor
of Heaven : "Our "mother had out
lived her usefulnessshe was a bur
den to us." Never, never! a mother
can never live so lonjr as that ! No :
when she can no longer labor for her
children, nor yet care for herself, sho
can fall like a precious weight on
their bosoms, aud call forth b3r her
helplessness all the noble, generous
feelings of their hearts.
Adieu, then, poor, toil-worn moth
er : there are no more days of pain for
thee. Undying vigor and everlasting
usefulness are U13- inheritance.
STATE BOARD OF 131 .111 (J RATION.
Hidden Seeds.
PRIZE ESSAY.
circular no. 1.
Whereas the State Board of Immi
gration intends to publish at an earlv
daj, a pamphlet on the resources of
"V-.,. , 1 t "1- It 1
.MiurtisKit, wincu siian contain a com
plete record of tho statistics and facts,
with practical suggestions for immi
grants as to profitable investments of
labor and capital in industrial and ag
ricultural pursuits in the State of Ne-
urasKa; now, tlurefore, we ofler a
prize ot ?I00 Tor the best Ivsay on the
resources of Nebraska, givmg'in short
our histon, soil, climate, geological
formations, agricultural advantages,
productions, lauds, homesteads and
pre-emption lands, public improve
ments, railroad pro-j-eels and fa
cilities for transportation, political,
educational and religious privileges,
our advantageous loeation, rapid
growth and developoment, descrip
tion of counties, cities and towns,
etc., etc.
The manuscript shall consist of not
less than 10 nor more than 24 pagrs of
nonpariel in pamphlet farm.
All essays must bear a motto and
be accompanied with a s-ealf-ri en
velope containing the same motto, the
name ami the residence of the author,
When pasture ground which has
iong lain fallow, is at length broken
i3 the plow, it often happens that
plants, hitherto strangers to the dis
trict, make their appearance in the
upturned soil. The seeds from which
they spring, havclonglaindorniantin
the ground, till the plowshare, tearing
up I13 the roots the surface vegetation
and striking deep down to their hid
ing place, has brought them once
more within reach of the fertilizing
showers of rain and sunshine.
An analogy to this may sometimes
be observed in the spiritual world.
How often has the cood seed of tho
kingdom, sown b3 pious parents, in
the early morning of life, Iain buried
for years, under a rank growth of
worldlincss and sin. But when the
shades have begun lo gather, and the
plowshare of God's" providence, has
broken up the fallow ground, the gra
cious rain has penetrated the long
buried, incorrtiptableseed and the ev
ening worker is permitted to gather
in the- harvest, long after the morn
ing sower has gone to his rest-
A "Useful Skillet. A '.Southern
correspondent gives the following il
lustration of the poverty of Southern
resources in euiinnry art, which is
rather good :
"The style of cooking, ggnerally,
is a feature that cannot fail to attract
the attention of the traveler In the
South, and a good anecdote was told
me by a Southern gentleman on this
point. An old Quakerlady had trav
eled in the South, and on nor rot. urn
North was asked by her friend what
she thought of the cooking; she re
plied: "Well, thee can have an in
stance. I staj-ed at a friend's house,
and in the morning I had a skillet to
wash in. I had no more than made
my toilet when the servant came for
the skillet; soon after, on looking
out of the window, -where I had a full
view of the kitchen, I saw the cook
scald out the skillet aud then fry
some pork in it; then she used it to
warm some potatoes, and then boiled
some cofii-e in it. It appeared to be a
very useful utensil for all purposes.
On retiring to bell that night, lo and
behold, there was the skillet under
the bed."
A MoDfii- Entry Clerk. A gen
tleman who recently advertised for an
entry clerk, was surprised to find
among the applicants a stalwart Hi
bernian, who in answer to the in
quiries, stated that he "didn't write
at all."
"Not write!" said the merchant;
"then what have you got to recoih-
menti you ror such a position ?
"rvnnl.,'A., ... . , j. t
STATE BOARD OF IM3IIGBATJON.
CULAR NO. 2.
-G4R-
rxparienceat me last nLieo .r..i.
The essay must be mailed in time to onthry dark," said Pat. eonfidentl-.-
reach the Secretary of the Board on i "Indeed ! whore was that?" ' r
or before the 30th dav of June, LS70, -ihurc, I was in the enthry of the
as the award of the prize will be mail- gentlemen's club, and helped the
ed in the first week of the month of "-ombers take off their coats and urn
July, 1S70. brillys for more nor two verrs."
"Now, Absalom," said the father
of that genius, on Monday loqniing,
"work faithful on the brick-vard all
this week, and Saturday alteruodn
K-ou may go hunting,"
.no3; miKeu into it, aud Saturday
noon jogged ths phi man's, memory,: "
"Pap, you promised to let me.'gq
hunting this afternoon, if I' -.ofkfd
hard nil week."
Ci-,i K Jl ,: j ,.,
developeinent and ranid RPit o7nont. ' ,1 "" " '- .: "1VJ1 ll, " ? ""
four tnte, to recommend at an eary Uelf, and go and hunt the hogs .'
den to everybody else !" These cruel. Appointment or' Local Anmta
heartless words rune in my ears as I -Vhpri--t- ti, o,.r nr f, -., ..
saw the coffin borne up the aisle. The of the Legislature, entitled an act to
bell tolled Iongand loud until itsiron j encourage, and facilitate Immigration
tongue nau cnroniciea the tears of the , to this Stato. authorize ti, iwr.i ,-
' firm fn tiiHin p T r -.? ' ' . - .r - - .
four five. How
One two three . Immigration to'appoint suitable local
clearly and almost agents in Nebraska: now. therefore
P MM nf hnr nnnnl .- :....:i ... . . .
- iiiv-vu uu persons interested in the
Hi
ri