Nebraska Newspapers

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PUMAS, COLHAPP 6 CO,, '
' FobJHher nad Proprietor.
Office . 74 Mcrbe rsotTs Block, 119 Stair.
BROWN VILI, NWUIASKA.
Terms, ia Advance t
One Copy, one year ,, C !?
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Of all kinds, done on short notice and at reawna-
ESTABLISHED 1856.
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, JANUARY G, 1870.
VOL. U.-NO. 12.
crrtntl ju$iricss farfcs.
ATTORNEYS.
0 B HKWKTT. J. W. KKWMAM.
llKWETT A NEWMAN,
ATTORNEYS Hz COUNSELORS AT LAW,
Ofllce, No. TO, McPherson Block, up stairs.
peV FRENCH, ' T. BOOKR.
frexcii p.ooers,
attorneys it counselors at law.
Office In Court House Bull-iiu.'.
..viI1 pive diliir'-nt attention to any legal hnx-neRg
, ntrul t" t.ieir cur. -tf
" Joil A. rILI)N,
ATTORNEY A, COIXSELOU AT LA1V
and General Land Agent,
Tecumsch, Johnson Omnty, Kebnmka.
j. n. iu:YNorj)s,
ATTORNEY COUNSELOR AT LAW,
Orru. N WO, licynoldji Hotel.
THOMAS A imOAUY,
tTTOini VS AT LAW AND SOLICITORS
, IN CHANCERY,
fiKKH'Ki-1''" I'"1 Court Itoom.
" YVM. II. McLKNXAN,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR, AT LAW,
Nebraska City, Nehrawka.
S. M. Ill CI I,
ATTORNEY AT LAW AND LAND AGENT,
m-rirK-Red Store, Main street. '
'1Cf. TEIIKINS,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW,
T 1 1 1 n s I iJol mson Con lit y Neb.
NYE A HUMPHREY,
ATTORNEYS & l"OUNSELORS AT LAW,
rawiu-e City, Pawnee Co., Neb.
N. K. (UK(jS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW AND LAND AGENT,
Iieutrice, iage County, Nebraska.
PHYSICIANS.
S. COWLES, L D.,
noMFOPATIUC PHYSICIAN, SURGEON
AND OBSTETRICIAN.
k. r-wliuile of Cleveland College. Olllce at H:iuk
A wwiie-s More room. Hi.ec.al attention given
to of Women and Children.
W. II. KIM BERLIN, M.D.
PHYSICIAN ANI SURGEON TO NEB.
EVK ASU EAR INFIRMARY.
A,ti-ii M ain-st. OrncK IIorB7 x.M.Jto 6 r.n.
! II. C THURMAN,
PHYSICIAN ANO SURGEON.
Ofllce No. 5 Main Street,
- ' nffiee hoursjrom 7 to 11 a. m. and 1 to 4 p. m.
" II. U MATHEWS,
PHYSICIAN ANO SURGEON.
OiT.ce in City Druu store, Main-st.
C V. STEWART, M. D.,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
r.m. in T) II. Iwls A (i.' Drug Store.
onire hours from 7 to 9 a. m.; and 1 to 2 and 6 , to
'p. m.
LAND AGENTS.
R. V. HUiilUlS,
REAL ESTATE AGENT & NATARY
PUBLIC.
ftmceoTerHannaford A McFairs Furniture store.
R ARRET A LETT,
LAND AGENTS & LAND "W ARRANT
11HOKEKS.
Will attend to payinE Taxes f'r Non-residents.
Pnal Mteution given U mBklnit Locations.
Kornr anduinmproveU, for aale on rea-
inabi tertns- .
c" " WL II. HOOVER,
REAL ESTATE & TAX PAYING AGENT.
omr In District Court Itoom.
Wilt rive prompt attention to the sale of Real Es
"IXi'J .m-ni r Taxes throiiKbout the N-iualia
lnd JJutncu . .
" ' JONAS HACKER,
LAND AND TAX PAYING AGENT.
Office wltu Probate Judge.
, ' , ,... puv,,,i,t of for Non-
Jtesident lni wuers iti Neinaha County. (Jorres-
poutlence solicivea.
NOTARIES.
J AS. C. McNAlXiHTON,
NOTARY PI BLIC &, CONVEYANCER,
( )illce in J. I Carson's Iank.
11 E. ERRKJHT,
NOTARY PUBLIC & CONVEYANCER,
n. T2 Main-fit.. MH-ond ll(M)r.
Areul f'r the Equitable and American Tontine
Life Insurance l uiiipaint-,
DRUG STORES.
r-iMii-'KllY A NICK ELI-
DEALERS IN DRUGS, STATIONER Y,c.
Xn ! M Hill St.
Full assortment Innr, Paints, Books. Stationery,
. . j .. .i.i , .. i..a..- it. .,r ret ml.
lc.,ol 1. snu. n -- ' . " - -
' (SCIX -SHOBS TO H.I.A1AV - "0-
DEALERS IN DRUGS, .MEDICINES "
'o. 41 M ain-st.
GRAIN DEALERS.
r.VAN WORTHING,
imnn'inniR AND COMMISSION
' MERCHANT,
An desler In all kinds of Oraln and Countr..
rroduce. Brownville, Nebraska
START A 15RO.,
DEALERS IN GRAIN, PRODUCE, c
A.KinwitH. Nebraska.
The hiirl eit market price paid for anything the
falmer c5n rni will buy and sell everything
Known 10 me luaraet.
MERCHANDISE.
V. V. JOHNStlN A CO.
DEALERS INGENERAL. MERCHANDISE
No. 72 Main-st.. MclMierson Block,
DEALER IN GENERAL MERCHANDISE,
Eorwnrdin Commission Mcrcliunt,
No. d Maln-sL, Brownville,
Corn Tlanters, Tlows, Stove-. Furniture, Ac . al
von band. H ibest market price paid fbr irt s,
1'tlis, Furs, and Country Produce.
HARDWARE.
' PHELLENRERGER P.RO'S.,
DEALERS IN H ARDWARE,;STOVES.
No. 74 Maln-st.
Stoves, Hardware, Carpenter's Tools, Blacksmith
Furbishing, c, constantly on hand.
JOHN C. PEUSER,
DEALER IN STOVES, TIN WARE, A-c.
No. 73 Main-sU
SADDLERY.
JOHN W. MIDDLETON,
HARNESS, BRIDLES, COLLARS, Ete.
No. 64 Muln-tt.
Whips and Iasbes of every description, and Plas
rn II air, kept en hand. CmIi paid lor Hides.
. jTlL BAUER,
harness, bridles, collars, Etc.
No. Maln-st.
Mending done to order. Satisfaction guaranteed.
CONTTCTIONERIES.
NACE A HANSEN.
CITY BAKERY AND CONFECTIONERY.
. No. SI Maiu-aU, opioslte City Drug Store.
Pi's, (kes, Frvsli Bread, Confectionery, Light
and Fancy Oroceriea, constantly on band.
WILLIAM ROSSELL,
CONFECTIONERY AND TOY STORE,
No, 40 Maln-st.
Fresh Bread, Cakes, O.vstejs, Frulta, etc, on hand.
J. P. DEUSER,
DEALER INCONFECTIONERIES,&e
. No. 44 Maln-st.
MUSIC.
MRS. J. M. GRAHAM,
'TEACHER OF M- U S I C .
Rooms, Main-sU, bet. 4th and 5th,
Pssons given on the Piano, Organ, Melodeon,
'ur and VocjtliKHtion. Having hail eiglit yt-hi-s
'lnTinire as teacher of Music in New York tscon-c-iil
of giving hatufuctiou.
BOUNTY CLAIM AGENTS.
ED. D. SMITH,
U. R. M AR CLAIM AGENT,
Washington City, D. C
rw! 1'1 'nend to Cue prosecution ofclalms before the
pTW UT"'' 1,1 l,,r,,-,,,r Additional B.mntv. Bn k
y ani P-.!.h,,i,s. and all claims accruing aainst
yvernmeui Uurmg the Ule wr. .
pcucntl jxtsitti55 tfarbs
HOTELS.
STAR. HOTEL.
HTEVEXSON A CROSS, PROPRIETORS.
Front-st, between Main and Atlantic.
This JToue hai Just been remodeled. Inside and
out. state Office for all points West. OmnibuKes
to all trains.
REYNOLDS HOUSE.
NATHAN N. GREEN', PIIOPIUETOR,
R8 A 00 Main street, Brownville.
Best accommodations in the city. New House,
newly furnished. In the h'itrt of business jmrt 01
city. Livery stable convenient. 4.V!tm
AMERICAN HOUSE.
I D. ROBISOX, PROPRIETOR.
Front-st., bet. Main and Water.
A (rood Feed and Liver' Ktable In connection with
the Iloiibe.
BOOTS AND SHOES.
A. ROBINSON,
BOOT AND SHOE MAKER,
No. 5S Main-tt.
Has crntantly 011 band a pood assortment of
Cent's, Idie's, Mioses' and Cblldrcn's Boots and
Shoe-. stor!i work done with neatness and dis
patch. Repairing done on short notice.
JUSTICES.
A. W. MORGAN,
PROBATE JUDGE AND JUSTICE OF
THE PEACE.
OfTlce In Court House Building.
STATIONERY.
A. D. MARSH,
PIONEER ROOK AND NEWS DEALER,
City Book Store, No. 50 Maln-nt.
BRIDGE BUILDING.
C. V. WHEELER,
BRIDGE BUILDER CONTRACTOR.
Brownville, Nebraska.
Sole agent for It. W. Smith's Patent Truss Bridge.
Thestrongest and best wooden bridge now in use.
TAILORING.
CHRIS. HAUBOLDT,
MERCHANT TAILOR,
No. 62 Maln-st,
Has on hand a splendid stock of Goods, and will
make them no in the latest stiies, on short notice
nnd reasonable terms.
AUCTIONEERS.
RLISS A HUGHES,
GENERAL AUCTIONEERS.
Will attend to the sale of Kenl and Personal Prop
erty in the Nemaha Land LiHtrict. Terms reason
able. BLACKSMITHS.
.J. W A J. C. GIESON,
BLACKSMITHS HORSE SHOERS.
First -st., bet. Main and Atlantic.
All work done to order ad satisfaction guaranteed.
SALOONS.
JOSEPH IIUDDARD A CO.,
PEACE AND QUIET SALOON.
No. 47 Maln-st.
The best Wines and Liquors kept on hand.
R. C. PERGElt,
ALIIAMBRA BILLIARD SALOON,
No.48, Whitney Block.
The best Wines and Liquors constantly on hand.
Shcllenberger Bros.
-T0..74,
DlcPlicrson'g IZlock,
BROWNVILLE, NEB.,
SOLE AGENTS FOR
CANTON CLIPPER PLOWS!!
THE BEST PLO W MADE!
91 ED FORD U EIO'.VARD,
BCHITECTS c-BUILDERS
Are prepared to furnish
DESIGNS & SPECIFICATIONS
for all kinds of
BUILDINGS,
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE,
of the latest and most approved styles.
ALSO TAKE CONTRACTS!
All l.-ind of Job Work dmv to order.'
flrShop, corner Main and Second streets,
rKOVXVII.LK, XF.B. 43-y
? t' - J.- - -
C. SNOKE,
S&B00I&S10E
f.-:
L-.r. . . . vw- t
ItZAKEIt.
No. 15
Main Street,
BROWNVILLE, NEB.
.. v . .::a
Has constantly on luuul a superior stock if Boots
andlmvs. Custom work ddiie uith neatness and
(lispntch. ,
II. H. BRYAHT,
HOUSE, SIGN, Ai!0 CARRIAGE
PAINTER,
Crahter $ Inpcr Hanger,
No. BO MAIN STREET,
Brownville, Nebraska.
i"n !
J. K. FRETZ,
AND SION PAINTER.
OVER HELMER'S WAGON SHOP,
RrovunvlIIe, Aebraslia.
AFFKRS liis srrvicos to tlie public.
J with the confident liollef that his Mork
will meet the approbation 01 nis pnirons.
IM-tfJ
DR. J. HL4KC,
OEhllSi
Would respectfully
announce that lie jias
' ,; J and is now prepared
. ioc:i in iirownvuie
,-v - - w 1 T IOriJl,IIl I II ITll
- manner. ALL oner-
--T ations pertaining to
t the science of .Den
tistry. Officf Over City Drug Store, tront room, let
TRAHZ H-XTXER,
fAGOM &HLAGKSM!THSHOP
ONE DOOR WEST OF COURT nOUSE.
WAGON MAKING, Repairing,
Plows, mill nil work clone In thelHst
manner and on short notice. Satisfaction guaran-anu-ed.
Give him a call. L3i-ly.
Clocks, Watches, Jewelry
No. 59 Main Street, Brownville.
JOSEPH BIIUTZ,
Has Jnst oponoil nni will constantly
? Keep on nana n large and well assort etl
ustock ot genuine articles in his line.
Repairing of Clocks, Watches, and Jew
elry done on short notice.
ALL fVOUJC WAJtliAXTED.
H
ATS AND CAPS.-A11 Varieties
anbtyk,at IlETZEL'-.
IIoyy John IX. Gougli Parted
VYitli liis Mother.
From Gough's Autobiography.
A very important change In mf
fortunes now occurred. I was twelve
years of age, and my father being un
able to furnish the premium necessa
ry to my learning a trade, and having
no prospect for mo other than to be a
gentleman's servant, made an agree
ment with a family of our village who
were about emigrating to America,
that they, in the consideration of the
sum of ten guineas paid by him should
take me with them, teacli me a trade,
and provide for me until I was twenty-one
years of age. After much hes
itation, my mother, from a 6ense of
duty, yielded to this arrangement. I,
boylike, felt in high glee at the pros
pect before me. My little arrange
ments having been completed, on the
4th of June, 1829, I took, as I then
supposed, a last view of my native
village. The evening I was about to
depart, a neighbor invited me take tea
at her house, which I did. Mother
remarked to me afterward : "I wish
you had taken tea with your mother,
John," and this circumstance was a
source of much pain to me in after
years.
The parting from my beloved par
ents were bitter. My poor mother
folded me to her bosom ; then she
would hold me off at arm's length,
and gaze fondly on my face, through
her tearful eyes, reading, as only a
mother could, the book of futurity for
me. rihe hung up, on the accustomed
peg, my old cap and jacket, and my
school bag, and there they remained
until, years after, she quitted the
house. At length the parting words
were spoken, and I left the home of
my childhood, perhaps forever.
A touching scene it was, as I went
through the village toward the coach
office that evening. As I passe!
through the streets many a kind hand
waved a farewell, and not a few famil
iar voices sounded out "God bless
you." There was one old dame, of
whom I had frequently bought sweet
meats, at her green grocerj7, and who
was familiarly called Granny Hogben;
she called me into her shop, and loaded-
me with good wishes bull's eyes,
cakes and candies, although poor af
fectionate soul, she could ill atford it.
The inn was reached, and in company
with another lad, who was going out
with our family to meet a relative I
mounted the roof of the London night
coach, and was quitting the village,
when, on turning round to take a last
look of it, I saw a crouching woman's
figure by a low wall near the bathing
machines. My heart told me at once
that it was my mother who had ta
ken advantage of half an hour's delay
at the inn door, and walked on some
distance, to have one more glance at
her departing child. I had never, till
then, felt that I was loved so much.
My mother took ourseparatiou very
keenly to heart. My sister has toid
me that she would sit, as if in deep
thought, looking out in the distance,
as though she saw something far
away; and sometimes my sister would
see her at night, standing by the win
dow looking out on the sea for hours.
When spoken to 011 these occasions,
she would ptart and sigh, and then
creep quietly to bed.
It seems, says the N. Y. Sun as
though after a lapse of three centu
ries, Sir alter Kaleigh a dreams of
an El Dorado were about to be real
ized.
The other day we published an ac
count of marvellous discoveries of
diamonds in South Africa. They had
been found for miles along the banks
of the Orange and the Vaal rivers.
They were not only abundant, but
they were many of them of great size.
Some were found of the pandaloque
shape and of the first water, weighing
upward of eighty carats ; others of the
octahedron, or four-pointed, that
weighed thirty carats; and of the
smaller varieties immense numbers
had been picked up on surface of the
ground. Naturally, South Africa was
in a feiment. Elephants' tusks were
forgotten, and every one was hunting
for precious stones. The infection
had oven extended to this city, and
Dr. Hall was rganizing a colony to
go diamond-gathering. But now
come reports from Australia of discov
eries flicre which far eclipse those in
South Africa.' Telegrams have come
flying from the Australian mines to
England big enough to make the dia
mond merchants hold their breath
with astonishment. The glittering
stones have-been picked up in such
quantities that, says the London
Times in a leading article on the sub
ject, "the colonists are all dreaming
of precious stones. At every table
and in every railway carriage the talk
is of diamonds and rubies' opals and
emeralds, pearls and topazes, and peo
ple of all ranks are rushing to the
mines. Genuine diamonds are on
sale by women and children at every
cottage, and there tan hardly be a
mistake, we should think, about the
nature of the stones."
This is marvellous enough in all
concience, but this is not half the
story ; the 'rest of it smacks of the
Arabian Nights' Entertainments, and
Sindbad the Sailor's adventures in
the great diamond valley to which he
Hew on the back of a mighty bird.
And this latter and wonderful half we
must preface with the statement, fa
miliar doubtless to many of our read
ers, that the increase in value of the
diamond is vastly greater in propor
tion than its increase in weight. A
stone weighing one carat, for instance,
might be worth fifty dollars; but one
weighing five carats would be worth
two thousand. Imagine, then, the
value of one as big as a lemon, and
weighing three-quaters of a pound.
Such a one is eaid to have been found
in Australia. Its discovery has been
telecranhed to Jbngiand. it was
rplaced in the hands of a trustworthy
1 . . -
man. He was surrounded by a strong
cordon tnihtarj', and was marched in
this way from the mines to Sydney,
where the magnificent gem was de
posited in the mint. The stone has
not yet been thoroughly tested. Ge
ologists are atvork upon it now ; but
if It really proves to oe wnat is sup
posed, its value will be almost fabu
lous. Its weight Is 000 carats. The
great English diamond, that pride of
thelmnsh Empire, the Koh-i-noor,
weighs but 180 carats, and its compu
ted value is ten millions in gold. The
value of the stone just found if com
puted by the tables in use, would bea
hundred millions in gold. But of
course, this valne would in any event
be imaginary, since no purchnser
could be found with a hundred mil
lions to spare for a diamond, even if it
was as big as a lemon.
Manraret Logan, who has followed
begging for a living for a number of
years, died in Boston recently, leaving
$G,000 to her credit in bank.
Russia now keeps up an army of
1,467,000 men.
About Money.
In a late number of llapcr'i Maga
zine a story appeared, embodying a
terse disquisition on money. This is
the most of it :
When one man has money and an
other has not, they contend for its pos
session. This is trade or robbery, ac
cording to circumstances.
There are three uses for money the
use of getting it, and the use of keep
ing it, and the use of s pending it.
Consequently it classifies the bulk of
mankind into money-getters, money
keepers, and money-spenders. Except
the miser we read of in novels, men
do not love money for itself, anymore
than soup tickets, or baggage checks,
or promissory notes, or title deeds.
The "love of money" is the pleasure
of mental function in getting, or keep
ing, or spending. The sponge and
the spend-thrift are equally guilty
with the miser. -"
The class of money-getters includes
merchants, gold mineis, pickpockets,
politicians and professional beggars.
Americans are great money getters,
but they do not care to keep it. Hence,
this is a country of great incomes, but
small fortunes.
The class of money-keepers are
small. Literary men are not fond of
it. Lawyers are good at keeping
money, particularly if it is other peo
ple's. Money, like some other es
sences, has a pugnent, sweet taste;
but to keep must be corked tightly. It
evaporates in the open air, and the va
por is called interest. A mortgage is
a condensing instrument which en
ables a money-keeper to evaporate a
money-spender.
The class of money-spenders in
cludes the majority of mankind. It
is natural to spend money before we
get it. We are born to this, and costs
a great deal before we earn anything.
The power to get into debt is essential
to the happiness of all shiftless people,
including most of the governments of
Europe. College students and mar
ried women, who 'have no capacity to
bind themselves, satisfy this propen
sity by getting their fathers and hus
bands in debt, If possible.
Money is like gunpowder. To make
it carry, charges should be careful
measured and rammed down. Its ex
plosive power depends on the tight
ness with which you hold. Scattered
loose it fizzles away with no efiect.
Early Inventions of the Chi
nese. Other nations have outstripped the
Chinese in the career of material im
provement, but to them belongs the
honor of having led the way In many
of the most remarkable inventions,
and of anticipating us in the posses
sion of some of those arts which con
stitute the boast of our modern civili
zation. We shall briefly notice a few
of those discoveries, by which they
have established a claim to our respect
and gratitude. Tea deserves to head
the list, as a substantial contribution,
to human comfort, and the leading
staple of an immense commerse that
has resulted in drawing China out of
her ancient seclusion. Discovered by
the Chinese about A. D. 315, it was
introduced to the people of .the- west
about two centuries ago, as an uncer
tain venture. The elegant ware in
which our tea is served, preserves in
name the evidence of its Chinese ori
gin. "China-ware," came originally
from China; and the name of "porce
lain," given to it by the early Portu
guese merchants, may be taken as a
proof that nothing of the kind was at
that time manufactured in Europe.
They called porcelfana, because they
supposed it to be a composition of egg
shells, fish glue and scales. The silks
that glisten in our drawing-rooms and
rustic on our sidewalks, if not import
ed directly from China in the woven
fabric or the raw material, remind us
of an obligation of an older date. It
was the Chinese who first learned to
rear the insect spinner and to wea.ve
its shining web an art which they
ascribe to their famousempress Yuen
fie, u. c. G37. Gunpowder, which
has not only revolutionized the art of
war, but proved a potent auxiliary in
the arts of peace, literally removing
mountains from the pathway of hu
man progress, was discovered by the
Chinese many centuries before it was
known in the West. Roger Bacon
was acquainted with its composition
in a. D. 1270; but he speaks of it as
already known earlier. The current
opinion refers it to the Arabs, but there
is reason to believe that they were
not authors of the invention, but
merely the channel through which it
was transmitted in a word, that it
found its way from the remote East
along with the stream of Oriental
commerce.
The heaviest item in the bill of our
indebtedness to the Chinese is for the
discovery of America. On the al
ledged voyagcof a party of Buddhist
priests to the shores of Mexico we lay
no stress ; but it is not difficult to
show that the discovery of the New
World by Christopher Columbus was
directly due to the influence of China.
China supplied at once the motive for
his voyage and the instrument by
which it was effected. It was the
wealth of China which, like a mag
net, attracted him to the' westward ;
and it was the magnetic needle, which
originated among the Chinese, that
directed his adventurous course.
As to that mysterious instrument
which has unlocked to us the treas
ures of the ocean, and proved itself
the eye of commerce, its origin is cer
tainly not due to the Neapolitan Fla
vio (Jioja, who is reputed to have in
vented it in a. i). 1302. The French,
the .Swedes, and the Syrians ail pos.
sessed it before that date; and there is
unquestionable evidence that the Chi
nese had been acquainted with it for
more than two thousand four hun
dred years. The Chinese first em
ployed the mariner's compass on land,
as we may infer from the name by
which they describe it; and rt the
present day it is still the custom for a
mandarin to carry one in his carriage
or sedan-chair, though he may not be
going beyond-the gates of his native
city, It is inconceivable that the Po
les and other medieval travelerss
should have returned from China
across the deserts of Central Asia
without providing themselves with
such an unerring guide.
Paper-making and printing, two
arts more characteristic of our modern
civilization than even steam and elec
tricity, there are strong reasons for
ascribing to Chinese origin. The for--mer
they invented in the first centu
ry, and the latter at least eight hun
dred years before the time of Guten
berg and Faust.
Inoculation, which prior to the great
discovery of Jenner, was regarded as
the best protection against the horrors
of small-pox, was practiced in China
at a very early period, and probably
found its way to Europe by the-same
secret channels as those other arts
whose footsteps are difficult to trace.
Western . Europe obtained it of the
Turks, Lady Mary Wortley Montague
having made the first experiment of
its eflicacy by inoculating her son,
while residing at Constantinople.
Like the modern Greeks, the Chi
nese of the present day, content with
the legacy of the past, have ceased to
inventr; but without a doubt they
were once among the most ingenius
and original ofthe inhabitants of the
earth. .
The Chinese have not gone back,
and that is saying a great deal in their
favor ; but in respect to material pro
gress, for ages they have made no ad
vancement. Four years ago they
were in advance of the Europeans in
everything that contributes to the lux.
ury of civilized life ; but where are
they now? Authors of the compass,
they sweep from headland to headland
in coasting voyages, never venturing
to cross the ocean, or to trust them
selves for many day3 out of sight of
the shore. Discoverers of gunpowder,
they supply the world with fire crack
ers, while their soldiers fight with
'fcowslai! arrows, wooden spears and
match-locks. Inventors of printing,
they have not yet advanced to the use
of metalic type and power-press, but
continue to engrave on a block of
wood and to print it off by the use of
a brush. Sufficiently versed in as
tronomy to calculate eclipses two
thousand years before the Christian
era they remain to this hourin the fet
ters of ajudicial astrology; and among
the earliest to make advances in
chemical discovery, they are still un
der the full sway of alctiemy. W. II.
P. Martin, in Harper 's Magazine for
November
TRIFLES.
Arc angels our girls with the Gre
cian bend.
To be seen for nothing the play of
the features.
When a maiden gets married she
ends a miss-spent life.
If love is blind, how can there be
a love at first sight ?
The flowers of speech spring from
the roots of the tongue.
Eighteen ladies are announced as
public lecturers this year.
The life of the French Empress is
insured in the sum of $70,000.
An exchange advertises for "girls
for cooking." We prefer ours raw.
East and West, about ten women
are consumed each week by kerosene
fires.
Prize fights at Promontory Point
take place under a pavilion admis
sion, $1.50 front seats reserved for
the ladies.
It is proposed, now that anniversa
ries are becoming so common, that we
celebrate the next anniversary of the
creation.
The Cincinnati Gazette tells us how
a young man was "kill in a bad
place." By the way, where is a good
place to be killed ?
"Don't trouble yourself to stretch
your mouth any wider," said a den
tist to his patient; "I intend to stand
outside to draw your tooth."
To do the thing properly in New
York at a wedding, the bride must
have eight bridesmaids, and a hun
dred dollar poodle besides the one she
marries.
A bluff old farmer sa3s : "If a man
professes to serve the Lord, I like to
see him do it when he measures on
ions as well as when he hollers glory
halleluyar."
Hon. John V. Farwell, of Chicago,
has made the nine Bishops of the
Methodist Church, and also himself,
life-members of the Evangelical Ad
vertising Association.
The whole of Eastern Kentucky is
reported to be overrun with horse
thieves, whose operations are on such
a bold and extended scale that hardly
any citizen dares attempt to own or
keep a horse.
New Hampshire may be called Old
Folks' State. The Concord States
man gives a list of eighty-five wo
men and fifty-one men who have died
in New Hampshire one-hundred years
old and upward.
The Cincinnatti Times says an old
man was lodged in the station house a
few nights since as a vagrant, who ten
years ago was one of the heaviest
wholesale merchants of that city.
Strong drink tells the story. .
Henry Ward Beecher compares the
different religious denominations to
the different pockets in a suit of
clothes, and says it is of little conse
quence whether one goes to heaven in
an inside or an outside pocket.
The Oxford-Harvard race has stim
ulated two South Carolina ladies of
color to a cotton-picking match. One
picked four hundred punds during the
day, and-the other four hundred and
one and a half pounds, and took the
stakes, five dollars.
Somebody says : "There are only
two persons in the country who have
not communicated their views on the
Byron question to the newspapers,
and they are citizens of Cape Cod who
went off mackerel fishing six weeks
ago, and haven't returned yet.
A vein of excellent coal, extending
northward, has been struck on the
line of the Kansas Pacific Railroad,
cast of Denver. This shows that the
workable coal beds of the Rocky
Mountain base extends miles eastward
in the great plains. This discovery is
of the greatest importance.
Not long ago Syracuse was much
excited over the. supposed discovery
of a fossil man, exhumed in digging a
well. It turns out to be a statue in
limestone which an amateur sculpt or
had cut, and which was-such a wretch
ed caricature of a man that the artist
in his shame and disgust, buried it
and left the city.
Few probably are aware of the fate
of Byron's heart. After his death at
Missolonghi in 1S22 liis body was em
balmed and sent to England, but the
heart was begged and obtained by the
Greeks, who enclosed it in a silver
case. Four years later, after the pro
tracted siege of Missolonghi, a sally
ing party, carrying the relic with
them, cut away with great sacrifice of
life through the Turkish lines; but
the heart was lost in crossing the
marshes.
On passing from a drj goods store
to her carriage, a wealthy lady in St.
Louis recognized in a wretched look
ing woman in tattered garb her young
er sister, of whom she had heard
nothing for many years. The poor
creature had been passed free over the
railroad from Kansas, where she had
been widowed and left penniless.
The meeting was sympathetic, and
the tearful sisters rode off together.
little: feet and little hands.
BY GXJSJfX HERBERT.
Little feet and little hands.
Busy all the day.
Never staying in yoar playing
Lonj? upon your way.
Little knowing whether going.
Come to me, I pray !
Brinjr the sweetness, in Ita fiwhness.
Of the early flowers.
All the blessing an'l caressing
Of your sunny hours !
Little feet and little hands, .
What awaits for you ?
Sad to-morrows with their sorrows ?
Clouds, or skies of blue?
Will the pleasures come with treasures
Ever glad and newt
Never tarry feet that carry
Little ones along,
May they hear the darlings where the
Air is fall of song t
Little feet and little hands,
Ye are wondrous fair !
Ye are straying in your playing
From a balmy air
Gently blowing, never knowiftjf
Any thought of care.
To Its breezes, If it pleases
Him who guides our way,
May you wander, over yonder
, Where they ever play.
And no smiling or beguiling
Woo again to stray !
. Select Schools.
It Is a question among educators
whether "transcient schools" are real
ly a benefit or an injury to the cause
of education.
Every community desires to afford
good advantages to their children,
and the idea of sending them away
from home is not pleasant, and the ex
penses attending it are so great that
only a few more favored ones are able
to endure the theme; hence, arises
the desire to establish a High School
nearer home, and we find that every
town has had one or more High
Schools started, and usually as many
failures as attempts.
Take the State of Nebraska, and
how many Seminaries would there be
in it to-day in successful operation
had all proved a succes? Doubtless
more than one hundred, while not
five exist.
Now, there are good causes for all
this, and the first is a general failure
to count the cost. A High School
first implies a proper buildihg.
True, a select school may be kept a
few months in a church, court house,
or private edifice ; and there are in
stances of noted Colleges having their
incipiency in a waggon shop, as did
Union College, Schenectady ; but in
such cases there is capital pledged in
the start, and high talent engaged in
instruction.
. Let us see what an Academy im
plies. We must have a building with
a large audience room, and at least
two recitation rooms; and such a
building cannot be erected at a less
cost than from $3000 to $-5000. This
every educator knows in completely
indispensable.
Now, we have a house furnished,
say, so as to be able to start, at $4000.
How much can any community ex
pect to engage the services of a com
petent teacher for: one who expects
to continue there and make the school
a grand success? No man of ability
would think of accepting such a situ
ation at less salary than $SO0 a year ;
and only then, as an experiment, with
a reasonable hope of, in a short time,
increasing it.
Now, no Academy can start with
any show for success with less than
two teachers, and if the higher
branches are pursued to any extent,
there must be three. These extra
teachers will add at least $800 a j'ear
more to the expenses, and that is a
very low figure indeed.
The expenses now incident to run
ning the school must not be overlook
ed. These of course will vary accord
ing to the size of the school, and the
number of fires kept up, and the
amount of Work performed by the
teachers in making fires, cutting
wood, sweeping and other things ;
but suppose these are hired done, as
they must be in every Seminary that
merits the name, we may add $300 a
year for incidental expense.
Thus we have at least $1,900 per an
num to be raised in some way, by tu
ition, donation or endowment fund.
Now, supposing we expect to sup
port the school by tuition, how many
students must attend? This of course
will depend on the amount of tuition
charged ; but say we average $0 per
scholar per term, (and to do this, we
must charge some as high as $9 if we
put down the Primary Department to
$3,) but granting this and we must
have an average of over one hundred
pupils in constant attendance.
No school in Nebraska ha that
number, nor will have for years to
come.
Another thing to be considered is,
where will the students find accom
modations. Take sixty students and
let them undertake to find boarding
places at rates that schools usually
charge, even in Nebraska City, and it
will be found difficult to do.
Then take a place of from two to
five hunered inhabitants, and the dif
ficulty increases a hundred fold.
These are some of the problems that
every community should well consid
er before starting an Academy, for
they must be .worked out, if success
follows ; and that is the goal of all en
terprises. Now, suppose these schools only
prove what are termed "Select
Schools," and continue for a few
months, wherein is the injury? Do
they not awaken a greater interest in
the subject of educatiou, and arouse
a spirit of ambition in the hearts of
many young men and women to be
come great scholars?
Grauting all this, we still think the
evil accruing much greater than the
good resulting, but we must reserve
these for another article, and only ask
an unprejudiced perusal of our rea
sons, and we are not fearful of the
decision. Edux.
From the Boston "Commercial Bulletin,
PICTCKES rOI-TI3E PEOPLE.
An Art Workshop.
If we should say that out in Rox
bury a 30 horse-power Corliss engin
was turning out oil paintings at the
rate of hni dreds per tlay, the public
would think that a modern Munchau
sen was writing for the Bulletin', but
when we say that such an engine i
turning out pictures so soft, so spirit
ed and so accurately reproduced, that
the average observer cannot distin
guish them from oil paintings, we
should be stating a simple fact. In
the last Atlantic Monthly Mr. Parton
gave a long and very interesting ac
count of the art of chromo-lithography
derived from an inspection of the
works of Louis Prang and Co. Under
his graphic and skillful handling
chromo-lithography was made to as
sume its proper rank as an art; and
as such as a novel and important de
veloperaent of industrial science,
which this paper regards as one of its
peculiar fields, it seems to demand a
more than casual notice at our hands.
The works of Louis Prang &, Co., of
Boston, are the largest of their kind
in the world, trebling in extent and
facilities the largest chromo establish
ment in England. Whether chromo
lithographs paint.ng be regarded as
fine art or as mere mechanical aptness
and skill, as some critics will have it,
the possession of the principal studio
or workshop in the world is someth ing
to boast of. And when it is remem
bered that this great establishment
running 4-5 printing presses, and giv
ing employment to DO hands, has
grown up virtually within six years,
one experiences an exces of astonish
ment and pride. If chromo-lithgraphy
is not an art, it is in one sense better,
since it goes where pure art cannot go,
and does a work in popular aesthetic
culture, which the latter could never
accomplish.
Six years of success success so full
as to establish the merit of his work
beyond a doubt, and to assure a mar
ket for all the chromo-lithographs he
could possibl' produce, having sup
plied the pecuniary wherewithal, Mr.
Prang proceeded to carry out a long
cherished plan, in the erection of a
factory adapted in all respects for his
work, and which should afford facili
ties for supplying the rapidly increas
ing demand for his products. This
frctory was completed last Fall, and
has now been in operation four or five
months. It stands in Roxbury, (now
a part of Boston since its annexation,)
near the station of the Boston & Prov
idence Railroad, a main structure of
brick, 80 by 34 feet, and three and one
half stories, with fiat roof and balus
trades. A screw elevator runs from
basement to upper story, carrying
passengers or freight as desired. At
the left of the main entrance is a room
which contains the foundation ofthe
chromo-lithography the stones from
which, covered with drawings, the
finished pictures are produced. These
stones all come from Bavaria, none
having been found eiesewhere so well
fitted for this work. In this room
the stones' are ground, polished and
grained, and brought to that peculiar
condition which qualifies them to
receive the drawings of the artist.
Adjoining are the engine and boiler
rooms. Avhere a beautiful 0 horse
power Corliss does its noisless task,
and a huge boiler of bO horse power
supplies steam for heating and propul
sion. Thence the visitor passes to the
treasure-house of the establishment, a
spacious fire-proof vault, where are
carefully stored rnanjr tons of stones,
frni which chromos have been prin
ted, and which constitute the wealth
of the firm, as stereotype plates are
the wealth of the publishers.
Stepping on board the elevator the
visitor is in a moment landed in the
second story, and finds himself be
tween two long rows of presses, all
giving out a pleasant clatter. The
room is 100 feet long and flooded with
light. At the farther end is an apart
ment devoted to the use of the fore
man of the printing room. Here he
sits and through the glass partition
watch the swift-moving presses and
the busy figures of the pressmen, or
turning treat his eyes to a charming
outlook of trees and sky and pleasant
houses. A dozen or more presses are
driven by steam ; others by hand
power. The process of printing seems
to be the simplest thing in the world,
as one sees it here ; merely the ad
justment of the stone on the press, the
laying on or a sheet ot paper, the turn
ing of a crank and the removal of the
sheet. But this work requires au
apprenticeship of years ; aslight inat
tention or a printer may spoil a stone.
and the whole edition of a picture.
Everything in the press-room is neat
and orderly, and the work goes on as
if by clock work.
One story higher are the office
rooms, Mr. Pang's private ofllce, the
artist s room and the picture gallery.
In the first, financial business of the
firm, including advertising &c, is
conducted, and in the laft a dainty
little apartment, lighted from the roof
are suspended in elegant fitting frames
specimens of many chromos produced
in the establishment. The unner
story is used for storage of sfock, but j
the constant and heavy demands of,
public have not permitted a fair test
of its capacity. Here too, is the fin
ishing room, where the lmal touches
of skillful hunds fit the pictures for
their frames here they are mounted,
sized and varnished.
It would be impossible in the limits
of an article like lit!, to convey a just
idea of thy process of chromo-litho
graphy; but its most important steps
may be briefly indicated.
The stone is firstground and polish
ed or grained, as the character of the
drawing to be made on it requires ; the
drawing is next made; then follow
the etching, proving, and preparing
the plates for the press; next comes
the printing, and lastly, the finishing,
mounting, sizing, &c. This is a com
paratively brief catalogue of stages,
and the inference would be natural
that chromo-lithography is a very
simple and e.asy process. But when
it is added that an artist is often en
gaged for months in the reproduction
on stone of a single pictuse, that in
lithographing some pictures more
than thirty different stones have to be
used, and that throughout the whole
work, a degree of skill to say nothing
of artistic genius, patience :.nd care is
requisite, such as is demanded in few
other employments of the human
brain and hands, it will be seen that
such an inference is unwarranted.
Even-body knows what lithography
is or rather knows that it is the pro
cess of printing from str ne, and chro
mos such as are made almost exclu
sively at Prang & Co.'s establishment
are the reproduction of oil or water
color paintings by this process of
chromo-lithography, which in its ap
plication to this end, reaches, in the
hands of skillful artists, tho climax of
of its adaptibility to artistic purposes.
To produce such chromos it requires
conditions for success other than mero
excellence of stone and material, and
the perfection of the printer's skill;
there is something more important
that either or all of this. Tho hand
that reproduces on the stone the paint
ing to be copied must be that of a true
artist. No dauber or bautcher can do
this work, which demands in hirn
who does it not merely manual skill
and fine artistic vision, but a thorough,
understanding of and earnest sympa
thy with the purpose of tho pointer
whose work is before him, strong tow
ers of analysis and rare knowled ge of
colors. Few men psssess these quali
fications in the requisite degree; but
that of . these few, Prang's establish
ment has its full share, is attested by
the fidelity and general artistic excel
lence of his chromos.
Within six years Prang's chromo
lithographs have attained a popularity
uuprocedented in the history of Art.
It is less than twenty years sinco the
first chromos, from England and Ger
many, were brought to this country.
Their circulation wa3 very limited,
owing to their high cost, and other
reasons ; but to-day thero is hardly a
person of moderate education who is
not acquainted with Prangs Ameri
can chromos, and few families who do
not possess one or more of them. Of
a single picture, Tait's "Chickens,"
over 30,000 copies have been sold ; and
the "Barefoot Boy ."published only a
few months ago, the "Easter Morn
ing," the "Reading Magdalen," and
a dozen other, bid fair to become its
rivals in popularity. These facts tend
to disprove common assertion thattha
mass of people has notaste foror appre
ciation of art. It has not been a ques
tion of taste, put a question of money.
Nine persons out of ten covet a fine
painting, wherever they see one; but
eight of the nine have not the means
to gratify their longing. Mr. Prang
has made possession of an easy squenco
of desire. For ten dollars the working
man may glorify bis house with ono
o Corrcgio's masterpeices ; for tho
same sum he may delight his eyes and
soul with the harmonious richness of
Bierstadt's "Sunset in California;"
he may warm and feed his patriotism
and feed his ambition by contempla
ting "The Boyhood of Lincoln;" or
he may renew his youth in gazing on
the inimitable portrait of Whlttier's
"Barefoot Boy."
As au educator Mr. Prang deserves
a high place in our annals. He has
made "things of beauty" and put
them within the attainment of the
most humblest; and the love of the
beautiful before dormant in many a
soul, has been aroused by his works
to an activity which clothes tho
whole world in brighter hues, and
makes life itself a poem.
Squirrel Wli!om.
Some one has deposited in our cab
inet of curiosities a half-dozen butter
nut shells in the state they were left
picked of their kernel by a squirrel.
Attention is called to the economy of
the little rodent by pencil marks on
the paper under them, as follows :
It will be observed :
1. That the opening is on that side
of the nut which gives ncces to tho
flat side of the kernel.
2. That the opening is nearest to the
blunt end of the nut, where tho most
of the kernel lies.
3. That the opening is not larger
than is absolutely necessary, less than
half an inch square.
4. That every particle of kernel is
extracted.
How does the squirrel know before
trying, exactly where and how the
kernel lies? There is only one nut in
a great hoard which showed a liabili
ty of thesquirrtd to make a mistake.
On this he began to gnaw on tho
wrong side, but he was evidently de
ceived by the usual prominence of the
line that passes round the nut at right
angles to the mesial. He soon dis
covered his mistake however, ami
worked round and struck the kernel
at the right spot. Oneida Circular.
Things Worth linowlnsr.
Q. What are metals?
A. Hard compact substances dusr
out of the ground. Metals are known ''
from their minerals (which is a gen
eral name for substances thus pro
cured, by being malleable, laminable,
and ductile.
Q. What i.s meant by malleable?
A. Capable of being beaten out by
a hammer without breaking.
Q. What is laminable?
A. That which may be pressed into
sheets by a rolling press.
Ductile?
A. That which may be' drawn out
into a wire.
Q. In what state are metals found?
A. Sometimes pure that is jut a
you see them when used ; but more
frequently the3are mixed with earths
and rocks, in which state they are
called ores.
Q. How are they separated from
these earths, etc. ?
A. By being smelted, a3 it is called
that is, the ore is heated in afurnaco
till the metal melts and runs away
from the earthy portion.
How many metals are there?
A. there are now known to be forty-
three metals.
Q. Which are the seven commonest
metals?
A. Grld, silver, copper, iron, tin.
lead and mercury, or quicksilver, as it
is commonly called; ofthe others,
platinum and zinc are all we need
speak of.
Woims roit the Boys to Remem-
beh. Liberty i.s the right to do what
ever you wish, without Interfering
with the rights of ethers.
Save your money and you will find
it one of the most useful friends.
Never give trouble to your mother
or father.
Take care of your pennies and they
will grow to be dollars.
Intemperance is the cause of nearly
all the trouble in this world ; beware
of strong drink.
The poorest boy, if he be Industrious, '
honest and saving, may reach the
highest honor in the land.
Never be cruel to a dumb animal :
remember that it has no power to fell
how much it suffers.
It is estimated that the gorge, six
miles long, below Niagara Falls, win
made in 31,000 year?, at the shortest. -That
time is embraced in only one pe
of age, the Pos.ttertiary period, or
Mammalian age. Preceding this age
were the Reptilian Carboniferous,
Denvonian and Silurian ages. As
most of these ages were much longer
than the Mammalian, an approximate
idea of the time of the world's forma
tion may bo had.
The Spanish- Bank of Cuba has now
in circulation $7,0X,000 in paper. To
back this there is a sum below $.3,000,
000 of gold only.
The new voting list of Liverpool
contains the names of 3,"oo women.