1
ou? czigago irnzr.
' CHDEOH, ' COLHAT? CO.,
. raMIafcera nmi rraaHetfa.
Of3ro-Na. 70 Ittcrfcer Black, aa ?talr.
nrr n Tisix B. ATES.
Or rwwc ( line or lewO f.rst Insertion.
, fU;Mlurill irou ......
jM,,.rt trrH of fl vf Lues or less-
S on
1 oo
(0
SI 00
c.. nmiiw. each bead..
i . .in yi n rn vir ...... i
' , f-.iBmu,ix mon;ij,.4; three nionUis l' 00
' -, . , ? ,i n una TIUlT 30 U0
iLinnliiun.Mi DUH.UH.I-l: tiree montua 14 00
I-. r'hna, ne year
liif riuiua,tii uionts, -t; three inonlhs.
One eninmi, one ye
up column, ux months, e ; three mouUia.
ftO 00
21 00
M 00
W 00
w. T. Booxau.
.TTOHXTTi H A." COl NSI.MHi-4 AT LAW.
. otiif-e In Gmrt HouMe buiidinc.
-jlt r-ed.lirent attention to aor ltfcal tuIrew
OTtmsiWI to iflfir cure. i-'"J
JOB A- DILLON.
litrmrr and Comtlor at
Law.
aid
GBfral Land AcL
Tecum, Johnson County, yeoraaka.
J. N. REYNOLTXS,
Attorney and Counselor at Law,
Offk "No. CO, Kernoiaa Hotel.
'THOMAS
A BKOADY,
at Law Solicit ora In
Chancery,
Offle In District Court lloom.
WM. n. McLENNAN,
Attemer and Canneelor at Law,
Nebraska City, Nebraska.
PORTER BROWX.
ittorner Law and Land A pent
O. B. IIEWETT,
in.rir and Conn lor
at Law.
Offloc No. 0 McPheraor.
a lUock, op at-alra.
. M. RICH,
x.ratr at Law and Land A cent.
Office In Quart Honse, Cjt a-jor. n-t,t aide.
B. F. PERKINS, -Attorney
and Ceuawlvr at Law,
Tmimwb, Johnson Co., N eh.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
pwpee City, Pawnee l-,
N. K. GRIGGS.
Attorney Law s- Ileal Kstate Agent,
fwtrW. Ongf County, Ne braxka.
PHYSICIANS.
a CmVLKS, XL D
lUkePth rhyelclan, Surgeon and
ONate trie tan.
A rridiiaMSeK-leveland College. Office at Iteal
oem nfn atrort, Unit dooretutt ot .Marble orka.
auenUon given to diaeaaea of Women and
Children. ; ;
W. IT. KIM BERLITZ, M. P.
lHTiriAW AWDMIHGEON TO WEB.
EVE AXU EAR IX FltlMAKY.
OrricE-Nu. 1 Beynell' ltuae."
Orric-E Houaa 1 a.m. to r.M.
TL G TnrRMAX.
Offlre-No.rsl Wain felrevt, one dr weal orPeo
er i Tin 8hoi. Oftuse hours from J to 11 a m. and
im4 p. m.
H. L. MATHEWS,
FHY81CIAN AKU grKGEOJT.
Offloe No.l Main Stm-t,
A. R HOLLADAY. M.
krelan, Bnrrean and Obatetrlelan,
OHoe Holladay t Co'a Drug Store.
Orodmolsd in 1861 ; Located in Hroumrille in
jJOt j Aufi tmmpO-lt net of A mputaling,
JVrpfcuoaf Jd Obttetncal Jnftrummt:
P.. ft',-4a attention ffirm to Obstetric ana
fhr (uwi nf U'otnen and Children.
l T, STEWART, M. D., .
Mt4.jciAS AKU SlUGEOS,
(jfftce No. 1 Main Htreet.
tfU Uwjrite jL. JML, and 1 fo 2 and 6 to
ULsra AGHNTS.
p,y,Hiwnrs,-
fUalCtat a.gat.f a4JaUct afPeata,
OSoe In Court Hoaiig, first-door, wtwtalde.
BARRET
Land AgenteALand VarramtIIraKora.
. r(Tr ik 4v3 r A"-ridnl.
. rwm niimium oiven to uwAxa-a Location.
LaiuU. improved and nimpr r MtU on
rmmtnalAt term.
, CUal E.taU an rn lyim Agn
ma trioe prompt attention to tUe smie f Ral
FMate awwx Javmrmt TVuw tirmtfftMU the
LAim AJfU TAX J'AYIii AOK3TT.
VUi mtund M Ae a&iutaU vf Jtaw or Vom-
"-- aviu-r aa 'aA Omfttj.
MOSES II. 8YDEXHAM.
ffOTlRV PLULXC A- L13U AGEXT,
urt Kearney, Kebratka.
WIU locate lauda for liiUndinL'BeUlers.and
friv aay iiratlon rwjulreJ concemiajj
the lajiO ttt Soul h'W'eslrni Seijruslia. 12-io
2JXRCHAICDISE.
WJL T. DEN,
VThlraJc and SLriMil Dealer in
Ceneral Merc taa.nWia, aat Cuaaulaalon
. and Forwarding- le reliant, -
No. i8 Main fcStrect,
" Com mantm, ptmin, stove. Furniture, 4c,
aluoftt on hana JlighrMt market prirx paidor
AduiM, I'ett, Fur and VuuMtrg ITtboe.
F. E. JOHNSON A CO.
Dealers In General SXercUandlaa
No. 1 MfPticrwon'a P.lock, Malt.
IIOTHLS.
PHELPS HOrSE.
W. M. HTKVE', Paolaiirroa.
rtntwwlt the Kenot. Theiim titty. MiwtourL
At rood aoromni'viaJjon and rood aubllng are
Ormrrsa aa can w nuu rm un m. j
. ANEltlCAIf IIOCSK.
L. IK HOKISON, Proprietor.-
t l., twtt, vwxn fnfn .nil Wfttir.
A pood Feed and Livery Stable in connection
thf Hut'.
DHUO STORES
HOLLADAY A CO
Wholrnal and Retail Dealer in
Drsrs, Mertielnea, Palnta Otlaj
'o. 1 Main Street.
etc.
MeCREERY NICKELL,
Wholctale rnd lU-tad Dealer in"
Drara, Book a, WaUpapcr Stationery
No. 8- Main KJrytv
BOOTS AND SHOES;
CHARLES IIELMER,
BOOT AM) SIIOH MAKER,
No. la Main fctrtet.
Hat on hand a tuperior stock of Jloot and
Skoe. Cuttorn Work done wrUh neatnet and
4xpatcK -
A. ROBINSON .
BOOT Alfl S11013 MAKER,
No. 5 8 Main Street.
' Ha on hand a modnorttnent of OenT,
Ladtc't, Mi' and Children' Boot and Shoe.
Cuttom Work done with neatne and apatch.
Ffwurina dnne rm hnrt nnticr, '
ILAJIDVARE.
BIIELLENBERGER BRO'S
Kanmfaetnrors tt, Dealers In Tinware.
No. Main 8L, McPberson's Block.
KUme Hardware, Carpenter' Tool. Black
UK tumihing, rc eonntantly on hand.
JOHN C. DEU8ER.. .
Dealer In Sterea, Tinware, pnxnpa, Ak
I No. 7tt Main ttm.
SADDLXHT.
JOHN W. MI DDIETON.
BASJTEas, BRIDLES, COLLARS, Etc
! No, alt Main Street.
i Thipt and Lathe of ervrp description, and
f ! Plntennff Hair, kept on hand, Cash paid or
t" Hide.
"I J. IL BAUER,
J Mmvfncturrr and lnler in
j tlARSEaS, BKIDLKS, COLLARS, Etc.
i 1 No. 9, Main StreeU
i dim to onler. Hntitinclinn rmamnteed.
! SAEOOICS.
' CHARLES BRIEC.EI
I BEER Bl ALL AKD LLXClt ROOK,
No. Main Street.
JOSEPH ntTPDARD & CO
- SALOON,
No.4T Main Street. '
JTh beat Wines and Liquors kept on nand.
K C. PEROFR, nvr
ALHATarUA BILLIAJUJ KA.LOON,
Tbt a U'iim and UqnorB cnnfrtantly. on band.
n rev T '--K-.
S. L. ROY,
BlREEtt AD II ALU. DRESSER.
, No. ft 3 Main street.
Ho tt tnlendid uit of Bath Boon, Alto a
oa tUrM. tff UciUleman' Xeiion.
BiREER AND llkllt l)RS!En,
U Papered to do
Mala Hrl '
f Male Prexains for
'"" and ljHtm.
all
old -lotlia rmnvaU" : loia
m aU bourn; washing and ironing dons oe
ELA.CIISIIIT1IS.
J. w. a- j. c. gib-son,
BLClvSMITlla,
P n Pfrtt. betwo Muln and Atlantic
tnt "n"rJk doM to order, and tatujaction puar-
JEWEEHY.
J. V. D. PATCH.
r, Mannlartnrer asid Dealer In
veaj, Watenea, Jewelry,ete etc.
No. H Main Street.
h,JZ.tiJl &ltxr-rialed Ware, and all varie
(UiJf, faclc constantly on Itand. BrrxiiriQ
" iU nAnictt t;le, at thort notice. Charge
Tatc. l rt wrrpntrd,
ESTABLISHED 185C.
- .
CITY BAKEItY AM) cvr r.rTrr-TiUY.
AC'L. & lIAA6i, 1'KOJ J -IKIOI
I?o Jtl Main otrept, oppowit CVy I 'm? Siore.
Pi. CM. Frwh Ir-ad. Oonlwtionwr. Light
and Fancy OroocrtMt. consianUy on hand.
GEOIIGE YATTXEY,
Baktry and Confectionary,
5'o. ii Kaln Strwt, . " ! '
Offfcrs to the imblicat rev! c red rats rlioiCQ
stock of Groceries, Provisions, Conlectioner-
les, ew., etc.
WILLIAM ROSS ELL.
Bakery, Canfeeinery and Toy or.
No. iiaia Street.
Preth Bread, Cake, (titert. Fruit, etc., on hand
J. r. DEU.SER, ;
Dealer In Confectioneries, Toys, ate.
Nn.44 Muln Kfiwt. -
JAS. a McNAUQUTOST,
Notary PnUU and Conreyanesr.
OrriCK In Carsoaa Lank, Brownvllle, Jxeb.
e7eTTI:ku;iit,
Notary Pnblle and Conveyancer,
And areot for the Equitable and Amerirun
Tontine Life Insurance Corapniile. - '
PAlirilU'lTIILii A HACKER,
Notary Public and Conveyaneerjr
Office In County Clerk's Of.loe.
W. FAIR BROTHER. JAKM M. HACKK,
GIIAIN DEAIXr.
fJF.O. O. START KRO..
DEALERS IN GRAIN, PRODUCE, dm
A trtintmll. Jxebraka.
The hlehest market price paid for anything
th Farmer can raise. We will buy and sell
everything known to the marfcet.
WORTH INrt WILCOX.
Xtarar. Porwardlnsr and Commission,
A nd Dealer in all kind of Grain, for which
M.rciimniit
thnt rwiv the ITiahenl Market IVtcr tn nun.
TAlXOItniG.
hai:bolit a zircn.
MERCHANT TAILORS,
- .Vi. ti A Main Hirer t.
1t3Y nr Vinnd a snlendld Stock Of Goods.
aud will make them np In the latest styles.
on abort notice nal rawonanie termw.
BOUNTY CEAIM AGENTS.
ED. D. SMITH,
TJ. S. WAR CLAIM AGENT,
Washington dtp, D. C
win atfonrl tr thipi nroNecution of claims b-
fore the 1 apartment in pernon, for Additional
un,,r liu.ir lJv and Pensions, ana all
claims accruing against the Goverument du-
SMITH. P. TITTTLE,
8. "ASSISTANT ASSESSOR
rmw in Hutrict Court Koom.
u.
Kotary Public and United State War CVtim
a t Will to the vroecuiion oj cuiun
before the Department, for Additional Bounty,
Back J'ay and Pension. Also the collection of
tirmi-A n'ntml Tii' em I'mrtrm.
STATIONERY.
A. D. MARSH,
PIONEER BOOK AND NEWS DliAL.l.l,
Cifr Book Store,
No. 50 Main Street
ARTISTIC.
A. STAFFORD, .
PHOTOGRAPHIC ARTIST,
No. 41 Main Street, up stairs,
iwmu viishina Picture erccutett in the latest
style of the Art, will oil nt mil Art Gatlrrir.
MUSIC.
MRS. J. M. GRAHAM,
TEACHER OF MUSIC.
Rooms, Main, bet 4th & 5th Stt.
Lesions civenon tie Piano, Organ, Mtlodeon,
Guitar and Vocalization. Having had eight year
experience a teacher of Music in titvs York is
con dent of giving sati'faciitn.
JUSTICES.
A. W. MORGAN.
Probate Jnds;e and Jnatlco of tn Peaea
Oflloe in Court Hons lliilldlnff.
EXPRESS.
J. K. BEAR,
Arent for the V. S. Express Co., and
V. V. Telefrraplt t o.
No. 5 Main Street.
AUCTIONEERS.
BUSS A HUGHES.
GENERAL AUCTIONEERS.
'Will attend to the aale of Beat and Permnal
Pranertv in. the A'emaha Land District. Term
rcnnmnhte.
BRIDGE BUILDING.
C. W. WHEELER,
BRIDGE BUILDER,
Sole agent for IL. W. Smith's Patent Truss
BrlrtEC The strongest and best wooden
bridge now In use.
DR. J. BLAKE,
DENTIST,
Would respectfully
announce that he has
locatd In Brownville
and U now prepared
to perform .In the beat
manner, ALi oper-
allona pprtainmc to
the aclence of Den-
-- tint nr.
Orric Over City rmsr RUre. Iroat room. lt
JACOB MAROHN,
IIERCHAirr TAILOR,
Gixixspms
GIZEalT WESTEim
Liyery, Feed, Sale and Exchange
Corner Main and Levee StBRO WNYILLE.
HAVING purchased this Stable of
A. P. Orwell, I am PTOJ PAfr"!"5
tT'JlTlWlir rnrralf-.rNt.x-lc lrticu-
Ur auction paid to feeding or ' Boardinr I!
IM-iy 11. at. t.u.i.i-yi
1'IK
5
Ul
6S -32
57
eta
a
-3
o
O
O
if -h ca
PI
, ,
C e
pi A
C3
1
5 c 2.
V?
-4 A
( riw'f Yl g s 5 a
! a i S s
it- - i 1 5
O . k
-rrrT-
ED UClTIOAlL.
TTHA!JTS AS TIICY ARC ASD
AS TXISV SHOULD I3E.
NUMBER I.
"Here Is a gl&m for the pedagogues, precep-
rora, tutors, governor, geruna-grinaers ana
l-?.ir-leftUers to view themselves In their true
tlmensions." fiTjira
I use the expression iyranU in the
old Greek sense, though perhaps the
tyrants of our boys too often be called
so In modern sense as well.
I exclude parents and relatives from
toe category of rulers of boys. My
professional prejudices forbid me to
admit them as regular practitioners.
It is a maxim received -among domln
ies that parents are no more fit to rule
their sons than philosophers of the
rusning school are to rule jngiana.
I heir political economy Is all sent!
ment. They refuse to believe that
pets can do wroug, they uphold John
ny's iroodness of heart, and carl m
Bobby '8 boncEty, with a pertinancy
wnicu-ostor. jsLea the unprejudiced
observer of these young gentlemen's
conduct. And even if they are oblig
ed by the stern logics of facts to recog
nize that darling Johnny and darling
jJooDy are not all they ought to be.
they find comfortable phrases with
vrhlch to palliate the harsh disclose-
Lnres, nnd save their beloved ones from
the consequences Vrhlch ought to at
tend all deviation from the right path.
Darlinir Johnny when ill-tempered
and selfish is declared to have "a pecu-
disposition," and it is discovered that
severity does not answer when he is
discovered stealing the sugar. An
e flection ate parent once informed me,
with regard to a new pupil, that I
must not be Burpised to find that his
son had "a strong imagnatlon." 'Ihls
I very soon discovered to be a paternal
and euphemestio way of putting the
unpleasant fact that the boy was the
most inveterate liar i ever met witn.
There is no straw or sentiment so
small that consanguineous affection
will not seize hold of it to escape the
unpleasant though sometimes necessa
ry duty of dragging the child out of
the way in wnicn ne snouia not go.
An old lady or my acquaintance
occasionally speaks to me in great
tribulation about a grandson of hers,
who is indisputably addicted to lying
and other disagreeable peculiarities
of disposition. But I don't like to
punish him she says because his
mother's dead, and his father's far
away at sea. So in right of his dead
mother and nautical father, my young
friend is growing up to be a curse to
nlmself and society.
This is the way in which these Jg
norant people trifle with the education
of their boys. And we dominies,
even we, who think so much ar our
selves, and who see with such clear
eyes the faults of other people's chil
dren, and are so prompt to apply the
proper remedies, we must confess-that
when we come to deal with our own
offspring, we are as much in the dark
as much liable to human error, as our
lay fellow-Ncreaturea. Who ever heard
of a school master who could think
and- deal with his own son just as he
thought and dealt with the sons of
others ? This miracle of impartiality
has never fallen within my experience
atiatst. Either the master will be
too Indulgent toward his own boy, or
in his anxiety to avoid this extreme,
he will fly to the other, and be too
savage.
I have seen a schoolmaster who
would have snubbed in the m6st
ferocious manner any rash pupil that
dared for a moment to be familiar
with him. I have seen such a man
disgusting a whole company by en
couraging his own brats to give utter
ance to precocious impertinences.
And I have known another school
master genial and kindly to all his
other pupils, but stern, reserved, and
almost cruel to one of them who had
the misfortune to be his own son.
We think it irregular and improper
for a father to educate his own son,
just as a medical man would be shock
ed if a layman, however intelligent,
were to prescribe for himself a dose of
. . Ail A f 1 1
juiep wiinout la&ing proieesionai an
vice. And as few doctors will under
take their own cases, but emyioy a
brother Esculapius when they fall
sick, so most wise teachers prefer to
have their sons educated by another
member of the craft, who will bring
to workan unimpassioued professional
judgment, and not be likely to mar it
by prejudice or sentiment.
So much must be said to justify my
assertion that-schoolmasters are the
only fit and legitimate rulers of boys.
EDUCATION.
Hillsdale, July 23, 18G9.
Editor of the Nebraska A dvertUer :
The subject of the duties and re-
epodsibilities of School Officers and
others having charge of the youth of!
of our country, is one of stupendi
ous nronortions. and upon which a
volume might and ought to be writ-
written, but in the absence, of Any
suclryolume, a few suggestions from
one who takes much interest in pub
lic schools, may not be untimely.
To begin with school officers, let us
first look at the County Superinten
dent of common schools, and consider
his duties to the public. He should
be selected from among the practical
teachers of the county, and should be
known to be a "progressive" man;
that is, one who is ready and willing
to use every elfott to Improve the
mode of teachinir according to the
latest revelations of science, and not
one of those who claim that the' "old
system" is best, because he does not
understand the new, and is perhaps
tnn mnrh tjrrittdiced against new
prejudiced against
things to take the pains to Inform him-
self. In other words, he should be a
tive" man. - . . .
In regard to hisseleetiori of teachers,
he ahould "be thoroughly conversant
rifli thn mtfilifirntions of a teacher.
and should have a standnfd' by which
to be guided, and make it an unfailing
criterion in his examinations, and
from which he should never swerve,
except when solicited by district Cf2
cers. He should have Ume to attend to the
duties of his office, and no one should
be selected for the position who is en
gaged In other business, to 6uch an
extent that his own affairs must sufTer
from his neglect or that of the public,
for 'in ninety-nine cases out of one
hundred his cntn will be attended to,
though the interest of the public suf
fer ever so much by his neglect.
The law compels him to grade certi
ficates in a prescribed manner, but a
teacher of ability should receive such
recommendations and encouragement
by the Superintendent as ttiil rIafe
him in his proper position before the
public, who are Cot gcnerarly quali
fied to select teachers.
Next after the Superintendent, we
come to epeali of the District Officers.
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, AUGUST 5, 1869.
Thev are cenerallv chosen from
amongst those of the district who take
most interest In the school, (tnougn
there are exceptions to thi3 rule,) and
they frequently tike some pains to
procure suitable teachers, and to keep
the school house in such order that
the teachers and nunils can enjoy a
reasonable degree of comfort, and
having done this, they feel that they
have accomplished all that is required
of them," and no doubt congratulate
themselves on the efficient manner in
which they have filled the office. But
this is a mistake. The man who
holds the position of a school district
officer, and from one year's end to an
other never condescends to show hi3
face in -the school room, while the
school is In session, fails utterly and
entirely to fulfill the requirements of
his ciuce.
How, how many district officers are
there in Nemaha county who visit
their schools and know how they, are
conducted? I will venture to say
thafrnot cue fourth cf them, and if the
auction was. asked, "how many-of
them do their duty in the premises,"
1 might safely say not one tenth or
them. ...
They do not mean to slight the
teacher, but they are willing that he
shall have it all his own way. and if
rumor says he kept a good school they
are satisfied to take rumor's word for
it ; if the contrary, they regard it as a
matter over which they haa no
control.
Now. there may be teachers to whom
this is agreeable, but I, for one, would
rather have my employers call on me
occasionally, even though it was to
disapprove. Then there would be a
chance to vindicate my position, or if
my course was an Improper one, ana
they convinced me of It, I could pur
sue some other, and they could per
haps point out the proper one.
Under the circumstances the only
wonder is that the common schools
are as efficient as they are.
.Lastly, the grave subject of the du
ties of parents in regard to the district
schools shall engage my attention for
a short time, and so far from being
able to speak of this fully in this ar
tide, I fear 1 shall no be able to no
tice but a few of the many errors
which parents commit.
Jbirst of all, the parent who designs
placing his children under the-care of
a teacher, ought to strive to become
acquainted with the teacher, and to be
ready to encourage him at all times,
and to advise when necessary : and
most of all, to impress his children
with the idea that the teacher is their
friend, and will do all in his power to
elevate and enoble them, and that
their success depend3vrery much on
the attention which they pay to his
teaching.
But instead of this, some, even good
citizens, never, become acquainted
with the teacher personally, or If they
do, never offer a word of sympathy or
encouragement, and n he is vi I lined
by the petty minded, is ready to
shrink from him. and treat him as a
condemed criminal, with no better evi
dence than the neighborhood gossip.
Then there are those who are too of-
flcIousr offering advice where it is not
needed, and prescribing to the teacher
the course he must take, with "so and
ao'8" children, and crraveiy giving a
history of ."so and so," all with a de
sign of working out some selfish mo
tive, but with no good intentions to
ward the teacher.
Then the credulous class, who
easrerly drink in every word their
children say about the school and
teacher, and become convinced that
the school is a nuisance, and instead
of inquiring into the truth of "Young
America's" statement, forthwith set
about circulating reports about the
school and teacher, with such addi
tions as they think will make, the
matter look more plausible, until they
work themselves up to the point that
they really believe their own stories,
and full of wrathful indignation pro
claim the teacher a knave, etc.
I know l ought to stop here, but a
few more remarks are essential to
make me understood.
I do not mean this is general, by
any means, but l fear it is the rule,
and the opposite the exception in the
whole North-west.-
Parents are evidently earless about
sending to school, negligent about
preparing their children to attend,
and too much inclined ttt listen to the
idle reports of petty minded men and
women, instead of cultivating the
acquaintance of the teacher and help
ing him in his vocation.
Too many expect the teacher to
perform impossibilities, and because
he fails they are ready to cry out,
"knaver or imposters."
One more class 1 want to mention.
which I would not notice if thev
were not so numerous, l mean those,
wno ior every onence, supposed or
real, take their children out of the
school, and thus encourage them to
persist in misconduct at school, and
finally bring them up blockheads or
knaves, and then cry out against the
schools to which they refused to send.
How often l have observed that a
parent was ready to take offense at the
teacher for the very thing they ought
to ttiank him for, and to declare that
if their children must be insulted
they would keep them at home, and
the boy, proud of having created a
disturbance between hi3 parents and
teacher, becomes from that time a
confined loafer.
One more item I had nearly forgot
ten, namely, text-books. The teacher.
if he knows his business, will never
advise a change in textbooks, unless
tne change is demanded, and then if
the parents refuse to make such a
change, he ought to refuse to hear
their children's lessons.
Of all the detriments to the success
of teachers in the west, I consider va
riety of books the greatest, and in this
the Superintendent ought to interfere.
for parents will not act on the sugges
gesuon oi teachers
More anon.
Occasional.
Gettysburg, July 27. The prolec-
ted reunion of the officers of both the
Union and Confederate armies who
fought the battle of Gettysburg, is to
be held on the battlefield on Wednes
day, August 4th. This meeting is
called by iie Gettysburg Memorial
Society, for the purpose of permanent-!
ly locating the position of the two ar
mies during the various stages of the
battle.- A large number of officers
will attend, and Colonel Batchelder,
the historian of Gettysburg, accompa
nied by Messrs. Chappettand Walker.
the well-known artist3, will also be
present The occasion will be one of
considerable interest
Buffalo, July 27. Edward Hal-
pine, an elderly man from Black
Dock, fell over an embankment at
Niagra, hear Table Bock, last eve
ning, a distance of ISO feet. He was
instantly killed, and his
body man
gied in a dreadful manner.
ii ii i
" Written for the Advertiser.
The Great Total Eclipse of Au
gust the 7th.
" It will be remembered that our globe
revolves around the sun at a mien dis
tance of 91,500 miles ; that the moon
revolves around the earth, nearly in
the plane of the earth's orbit, at a
mien distance of 238,000 miles ; that
though the sun is 625 times larger
than all the remainder of solar system
taken together, it is 400 times farther
from us than the moon is ; so it wil
A a .
do seen mat wnen the moon comes
between us and our luminary, it wil
cast a great shadow, though not suffi
clent to cover the entire illuminated
side of the earth.
Total eclipses are of very rare oc
currence. . For instance, one ha3 not
been seen In London" since 1715 ; and
previous .to that time, none had been
seen for live and a half centuries.
The earliest account of an eclipse is
lound in the Chinese annals. It is
thought to be the solar eclipse of Oc
tober 13th, 2127 B. C. On May 28th
584 B. C, one occurred which had been
predicted by Thales
.barly .English, writers often refer to
eclipses. William of Malmesburg
thus writes of the eclipse of Aucrust
za, 116J, which was generally consid
ered as a presage of calamity to Henry
I; "The elements manifested their
sorrows at this great man's last denar
ture. For the sun on that dav. at the
sixtn nour, shrouded his glorious face,
as the poets say, in hideous darkness,
agitating . the hearts of men by an
a ... '
eclipse. And on the sixth day of the
wees, early in the morning, there was
so great an earthquake that the ground
appeared absolutely to sink down; an
horrid noise having been first heard
under the surface."
Speaking of the total eclipse of
March 20th, 1140. the same writer
says : "During this year, in Lent, on
the 13th of the kalends of April, at the
ytn nour or the 4th day of the week,
there was an eclipse throughout ling
land, as I have heard. With us, in
deed, and with our neighbors, the
obscuration of the sun was so remark
able, that persons sitting at the table,
as it then happened almost every
where, for it was Lent, at first feared
that chaos -was come again. After
wards, learning the cause, they went
out and beheld the stars around the
sun. It was thought and said by
many, and truly, that the King
(btephen) would not continue a j'ear
in the government."
Among the Hindoos, when, during
an eclipse, the black disk of our satel
ite begins to advance slowly over the
sun, the natives believe that some
terrific monster is devouring it. There
upon they beat gongs,, and rend the
air with most discordant shouts or
vengeance. For a time their efforts
are futile. At length, however, the
increasing uptoar Teaches the mon
ster; ha -appears to pause, and then
gradually disgorges the firey mouth
ful. When the sun is quite clear of
the" dragons mouth, a shout or joy Is
raised, and the deluded natives dis
perse, extremely self-satisfied on ac
count of having saved their deity
from his late peril.
very singular appearances some
times attend a "total eclipse. Around
the sun is seen a beautiful corona, or
halo of light, t lames of a blood red
color play around the disk of the
moon, and when only a mere cresent
of the sun is visible, it seems to resolve
Itself into bright spots, interspersed
with dark spaces, having the appear
ance of a bright string of beads, called
Balie's Beads. Every one should
look for the zodiacal light. Although
It has not been seen in late eclipses,
yet Arago says-"Mairan asserts that
this species of light had been already
seen by the ancients. 'JMcepnorus,
savs the author of the treatise on the
Aurora Borealis, 'relates that after the
capture of Rome by Alarack, a great
eclipse occurred, during which there
was seen in the heavens a light which
had the appearance of a cone, lhe
Greek historians treats as ignorant
persons those who pretend that the
light was the tail of a comet.' " From
which it would appear that the zodi
acal light has been seen during an
eclipse. If seen it will probably be in
the form of cones of light, the bases
of which are toward the sun. . The
total phase will last but two or three
minutes ; therefore every one should
be ready and watch close. The effect
a i i a m
on men and animals win, or course,
be closely.noted. and it should be ob
served, to-what extent flowers and
plants are effected.
Theeeneral appearance of all nature
will be gralid, beautiful, and sublime.
Red. vellow. and oranee tints, scat
tered in-rich profusion, make every
thing look strange and unearthly.
Tli planet Venus will be to the east of
the sun about 40 diameters. A little
to the right of Venus, and nearer the
sun, may be seen Kegulus, a star of
the first magnitude. Otherstars, per
haps as small as the third magnitude,
will.be visible.
J. II. THOROUOnMAN.
JBrovmville, JulyZX.
A Sad Speech by Bryant.
One of the saddest and most touch
ing speeches that we ever read is that
of the venerable poet, William Cul
len Bryant, at the late commence
ment of William College. Being
called upon to speak at the annual
dinner, he said : -
It has occurred to me, since I, In
the decline of life, came to visit once
more this seat of learning, in which
our youth are trained to succeed us on
the stage of the world, that I am in
the situation of one who, standing on
a spot uesoiate witn winter anu aim
with twilight, should be permitted by
a sort of miricle to look upon a neigh
boring region glorious with the bloom
of spring, and bright with the beams
of morning. On the side where I
stand are herbless fields and lea lies
woods, pools sheeted with ice, a fro
zen soil, and the shadows of approach
ing night. On the side which I look
are emerald meadows, fields of spring
ing wheat, orchards In bloom, trans
parent streams, and a genial sunshine.
With inc it is too late for any further
hopeful tillage, and if the plough
were put into the ground, its coulter
would be obstructed b3' the ice-bound
sods. On the side to which I look, I
see the token of judicious cultivation
and careful tendance, recompensed by
a tree ana promising growui. i re
joice at the kindly care thus bestowed,
and my nope and prayer Is that under
such auspices all the promises which
meets my eyes may be amply fui hi led,
and that from these luxuriant fields a
harvest may be gathered richer and
more abundant than has ever ret been
6tored in the granaries of our land."
A severe shock of earthquake was
felt at Memphis recently. Several
large meteors fell during the night.
I . I t. 7 Is ! , '
Eromtlie New York Herald, July 25.
President's Tisitlo TSexr Yorli.
General Graat nd Mre. Oraat mn aSo ln
Kxaedition 'Let .tie Hare ao lntrautta"
-AMiuainc neene Metween Oaeral l.raat
and a Cavbulic Featale, "Jiunher It tko
jj-uaocraer.
The President, Mrs. Grant and little
daughter arrived in this city unexpec- "d aihur, some too people being pres
tedly about half-past nine yesterday ent. iIont s- M Giflard. President
Branch. The proprietors of the Astor
House had been previously instructed
a a w a - a-a a a mJ VMV mrjmr m a i aa . j.
that, as the visit was only one of a
few hours, and made for the purpose
of making necessary purchases here,
the President dessired what littlatime
he would be in the Astor House, to be
spared from the intrusion of .visitors.
The President, his wife and little
daughter drove from Barclay street
Pier, and, almost unobserved, entered
and very shortly left, the Astor House
by the Barclay street entrance. They
had arrived and gone on. their, shop
ping expedition tt at rirs. Urart had
made extensive purchases before the
small gathering of uninterested look
ing persons, (who, having no better
way of amusing themselves, had
assembled themselves in the hall of
the Astor House to look at the Presi
dent,) were aware of his arrival. Gen.
Grant accompanied his wife and
daughter to the various stores to which
they went. The greater part of the
time was spent by them at btewart's,
where they bought a quantity of
goods more remarkable for their vari
ety than costliness. They had finish
ed their shopping and returned to the
Astor House by 3 p. m. '1 hey entered
as before, quietly and unobserved,
and partook of a slight lunch, and
again leaving the hotel noislessly,
arrived at Barclay street pier to take
thesteamer for Long Branch. Wheth
er it was that the visit did not Interest
the public, or that fact of their visit
was not generally known, or, again,
that the people were willing to leave
the President to himself as much as he
could desire, very few of them went
to the pier to get a glimpse of him
the persons there consisting mainly of
passengers of the boats for Long
Branch or Newark, and of laborers
who work on the wharf. There were
no manifestations of any kind, no
rush to get a nearer view oJ the Gen
eral, no sycophantic gathering of the
worshippers at the shrine of office.
The President stood for ome time
on tne lower decs, and there shook
hands with several who came forward
the only prominent citizen amongthem
being Peter Uooper. While the rres
ident was standing there a ludicrous
scene was enactod. An old Irish wo
man well known on the pier went up
to the President, shook hand3 with
him and taking from her orange bas-
two as good oranges as she could find
among the far from being temptin
collection, thrust them into the Presi
dent's hand, and Insisted on his ac
cepting them. Theact caused consid
erable merriment among the by
stan ders, but General Grant did not
appreciate the joke. He looked first
at the oranges which had seen better
days, and then with, a bewildered ex.
nresslon at the genial looking voluble
old woman, and alter a utile time.
comprehending that she meant these
treasures from her humble store as a
present to 'him, put them into his
pocket. He then ascended to the up
per deck and sat down beside his wife
and daughter. The old .Irish woman
was enthusiastic over the little vent
n which she had been a- prominent
figure, and amid the laughter of the
crowd cried outin the breath "Musha
but he's a very folna looking gentle
man inti rely here 3Tees are, four
beautiful oranges for tin cints." This
was followed by "Shure I shook hands
with the President, so I did," on
which a wag in the crowd cried out
'A nice thing for a Democrat like you
to shake hands with a itepubiican
Ike him." This blow at her devotion
to principleseemed to stagger her for &
moment, but recovering her presence
of mind she retorted. "Devil a bit of
Black Republican blood in his botlr."
The crowd laughed loudly, and the
woman evidently feeling that she had
not vet redeemed herself in the eyes
of the great "Dimocracy," exclaimed,
Shure Andy Johnson was a rale
pure Dmiocrat intirely ! Arrah,bu the
was the iewel iv man V
At half-past four the Bteamer left
the pier for Long Branch, General
Grant, with his wife and child, being
seated among the passengers on the
upper deck, no demonstrations being
made by the small group or persons
who watched the departure.
The Estate
of Henry
uioud.
J. Ray-
Henry J. Raymond tiled worth $450,'
000: a little over $250,000 of which
was in real estate, and the balance in
personal property.
On netition of his widow. Juliette.
Surrogate Tucker has granted letters
of administration upon the personal
The petition recites that the peti
tioner lives at No. 12 West Ninth
street, in the city of New York ; that
the deceased left no will; that the
value of the doceased's personal prop
erty does not ex eeed two hundred thou
sand dollars ; that deceased left survi
ving him the following children: Hen
ry Raymond(of full age), Mary E.Ra'
mond, Lucy M. Raymond, and Almee
J. A. Raymond (minors), ine peti
tion concludes by asking that letters of
administration upon the personal
property be granted to the widow
jointly with Edwin D. Morgan.
. . . 9 I f 1
The snnties on tne oona given oy
the administratrix and administrator
are George D. Morgan and John T.
Terry, both of Irvington, Winchester
county, each of whom swear that he
is worth $400,000 over and above his
debts and liabilities. N. Y. Evening
Post.
The Governor, a few evenings ago.
delivered an address to the citizens of
Pawnee on railroad matters. He was
pleased that the citizens of thiscountj'
would have an opportunity to offer
bonds in aid of railioads to come thro'
the county. He gave his hearers a
good deal of information on railroad
matters that was new to them. He
said there was no road west of the Mis-
sissippi river, except the Chicago and
Northwestern, that was paying any
dividend, or ever had paid any, not
withstanding they had all received
aid from the counties through which
they had passed. No eastern company
would build any road here, or any
where else through the State, except
when In connection with somo eas
tern or through road. If the people
of this county voted the $100,000 bonds
under the call of the commissiftners, it
would sound well for the energy and
intelligence of our citizens, and would
benefit the county even if it failed to
bring a road. But, he said, we would
never get a road for less than $100,000,
and we might think ourselves fortu
nate if we got one for that amount.
Paumee Tribune.
b
VOL.13. NO.-42.
Dlspatchc Between the
Slay-
or ornoston una the Prefect
f Paris.
Kingston, Mass., July 27. The
people of Duxbury, with invited
guests, are celebrating the completion
of the French cable. The dinner took
place in a large tent. It was a splen-
of the committe of arrangements, call
ed the assembly to order in fitting re
marks, after which prayer was offered.
After the dinner was discussed toasts
were gone through with: first, to the
town of Duxbury, and its inhabitants ;
the descendants of the Pilgrim Fath
ers, who pi an ted on. this very spot the
seeds of our peculiar and American
civilization ; perpetuating the names
of Carver and Brewster, of Standbh
and Bradford, of Winslow and Alden,
attest their unbroken lineage by ex
tending an enthusiastic welcome to
those wbo have achieved so magnlfl
rjr.t aj:eTiterprise in the i. rarest, ma
terial prosperity, and on behalf of the
unity of the human race.
Yankee Doodle was played by the
Plymouth band and C: B. Thomas, an
old residence of Duxbury, responded,
closing as follows : Here, then stan
ding between the grave of "Webster
and the harborof the Pilgrims, we, in
the name of the American people, ex
tend a cordial welcome to those who
have consummated this undertaking
and offer our heartfelt wishes that this
telegraph wire may be a bond of per
petual harmony..
fcecona mestateor 3iassacnusett3.
Response by Gov. Claffin.
Third The President cf the United
States. Music Hail Columbia. Re
sponse by Judge Russell.
x ourth The city of Boston, among
the first to welcome all matters to
arouse the highest civilization of the
world ; she will hall with joy the last
of all the grand agencies to annihilate
time and space, the great obstacles to
the progress of nations. Responded
to by Mayor Shurtliffe.
Fifth His Majesty the Emperor of
the French. Music : the Marseillese
hymn.
Sixth Her Majesty the Queen of
England. Music: "God Save the
Queen."
Seventh His Majesty, V ictor Em
manuel, King of Italy. Response by
Mr. JJay.
Eighth The French Atlantic Ca
ble, directly uniting two continents ;
may it be at all times a medium or
good will, and a promoter of interna
tional peace, aj serene and undisturbed
as that of the still ocean deeps through
which it hold Its course. Itesponse
by bir James Anderson, managing di
rector of the construction company.
Klnth Commerce in all aes the
pioneerof a wider civilization. If has
in the electric telegraph its most po
tent and cunning ally.
Tenth Science. With Impartia
thought and invisible power, it sub
dues the wildest and most fearful ele
meats of nature, and binds them to
the service of the community.
1 his closed the regular toast list, but
Mr. C. W. Thomas then offered the
following- sehtlment.-sent to him by
an old lady eighty-six years of oge,
the widow of a late prominent ship
master :
To the memory of the first genera
rion of shipmasters atfd shipbuilders
of Duxbury; may the electric spark
now kindled so animate the coming
generation that they may worthily
fill the place of the past, is the wish of
an old settler.
At the conclusion of his address,
Mayor Shurtliffe stated that he had
received the following dispatch from
Pans :
To His Excellency, the Mayor of
lioston, America: The Prelect of
Paris, rejoicing in this happy occasion
of the closer union between the two
countries, begs that the Mayor of Bos
ton will accept his best confidence and
good wishes.
The Mayor stated that he had sent
the following in reply :
JJU-TBURY. MASS.. July 27. To His
Excellency, the Prefect of Paris :.The
Mayor of Boston sends a most hearty
greeting by the new bond of union be
tween the continents; may It be one
of peace, prosperity and amity; may
the citizens of the Old and iSew
Worlds rejoice In mutual congratula
tions on the great scientific accom
plishments.
bir James Anderson, in his remarks.
disclaimed all honor in the success of
the cable enterprise, which he thought
wholly due to the oncers of the vessels
which had just departed. The Impor-
portance of the ocean telegraph was
alluded to, and Sir James Anderson
claimed that to Cyrus M. Field, more
than any other man living, was owing
the success of the Atlantic cable. He
had heard that Mr. Field had opposed
the landing of the French cable, and
he would think it strange if he did
not. That gentleman is largely inter
ested in the Atlantic cable, and it is
but natural that he should defend his
interests so far as honorable opposition
goes. They should not reel onended
at it, .for under like circumstances
they would do the same thing.
lie had also heard, that other oppo
sition had been made to the landing
of the cable, which might also be due
to Mr. Field and his colleagues, but
he had no fear that any influence
could induce tho American people to
act unjustly, and allow millions of
money to be spent in laying a cable
without having fair play.
K. . Tobey, Lord t?ack vl lie Cecil,
Geo. B. Loring and Charles Levi
Woodburry, made brief addresses, a ad
the company was dismissed.
The levee In the evening, at Sir.
Wright's house, was quiet and ex
clusive.
Important Injunction Case. A
complicated case resulting in an in
junction case has arisen before our
Courts, lhe .Missouri Transfer com
pany claim by virtue of a charter from
the Territory of Nebraska and from a
license from the City of Council Bluffs
theexclusive right of ferrage of freights
and passengers between council Bluffs
and Omaha. The Rock Island com
pany charted a boat brought it to the
ground for the purpose cf ferrying
their cars, etc., across the rier, The
Missouri Transfer company sued out
an injunction, to restrain the use of i
this boat, and for other purposes: The
argument took place before Jud
Douglas of the circuit Court, on Sat
urday, and decision reserved until
Monday .-fiebraska dtySeus.
One of our citizens. Mr. Andrew
Butler, has received a ccrarrilssion as
Lieutenant in one of the regiments on
the plains... He i3 to report at Meridi
an, and starts thi3 week.
He will be missed in pawnee, nis
intelligence. Mici.ibilifv urul rdoisinc
0 - , - m f - rT
address mada him almost a Universal
favorite here. Faience Tribune.. ..
On difc: that Erighara Youcffwas
married recently to a Miss Fcilanabee
of Boston. No cards, and no bridal
trip.
From oir Special CorrepoDDt.
Chicago, July "f, itZO.
In thee days of free the. ;-t, T-Uh
op Whitehouse, cf the E-.Necaf
Church, flnd himself in clone quar
ters. II arraigned Mr. Cheney before
an Ecclesiastical Court, "f-r non-com
pliance with the form cf service, bu5
by an injunct ion from the Supreme
Couri, proceedings -were stcj-TeJ, a
least for the present. Nst crrr!:3ther -
case or Dr. Cummins, of ij.e:iti::;y.
He was formerly Rector cf Trinity
Church, and in the absence of the pres
ent Rector, was invite J to prcachv
Bishop Whitehouse ordere d faiti ncS
to come, but the order was unhea.!?d,-
and Dr. Cummins preached yesterday
morning and evening' to hia former
congregation.
Reports from St. Louis give nor en1
couragement whatever for the recov
ery of Bishop Du.gan, of the Catholic
Church. This unfortunate gentleman
manifested unmistakable signs of in
sanity before leaving his diocese, and!
will probably never recover. A nuny
ber; of the dignitaries of the Church,
recently visited the city to- examine
the condition of the Church, before
starting for Rome.
YV e are constantly reeelvir.cr report
from the rural districts that workmen
are very scarce, it wcuM l a grer.3
relief to our citizens if a few hv.ndred
of our idle men were taken to the Lnr
vest fields. We would have no trcu' I y
in furnishing fifty thcu. r.llj
bodied men without' drawir. z tca
the ijuf i'lj necessary ' for ho:o in
dustry. By almost univeml c"-cnS t!.3f
newspaper fraternity Lave decided to
drop the weather as a stsind.-ird topic,
the clerk appears to have- bfroirr such
a changeable fellow, that all p-chec'c3
are useless. As no reporter can be
found who knows the clerk cf th
weather, the subjeet is eonsideTed a
dangerous one. ;
A3 an evidence of the rate at which
the California trade ia building up, I
will quote one item. The overland '
raailj were always comparatively"
large, but for the yvnt few weeks an
addition of three b?rv a weh v?a-
found oeeessary. This inert :,: ij
still going on, and will probably con
tinue for some 'months. Such' a vol
ume of mail Is scarcely relNhed by cur
already overworked Postoihceofl'cial-e.
This office 13 now second only to that
of New York In volume of busi ness.
I have made some effort to keep
track of the trotting matche, bass
ball games, school commencerrntf
pic-nics, etc., but they eons so thlcli
and fast it has been JrofvssJble.
The theatres arer dracglng out a
sickly existence, in mini?tre3-y, pan
tominie, etc.. There appear to be
crowcl, who must attend on all occa
sions, and they alone compose the aiM
diences. . r
Almost everybody has henrd cf fhif
recent heavy robbery of the Ot'arl
Bank, New York. It Is asserted that
after the robbery, the President en
gaged an expert to pick the locks of
the safes and vault. - It has a!-a bertl
asserted that this expert can pick any
combination bank lock in three quar
ters of an hour- Now, as Chicago can
never stand a challenge, and a tha
peace of raind of those rrsinj IFi'd's
Safes is concerned, Hall's Safe & Lock
Company have issued the following
challenge: "Thev will phce froni
$1000 to $2TXX behind their Victor
Combination Lock, or their Chro
nometer lock, and any person who?
will place an equal amount, they can
have it nil if he picks the lock la a
reasoiiahte timtr. The Company will
take it however, if he fails. l'f thbi
challenge Is not accepted, ilt uv:r-? '
Hall's Safes should be satiiled. Iti
offered to all comers, at S3 Dearbcrnl
street.
IVcvTKpapers la America.
There Is something Instructive a
well as amusing In the following stoTy
which is told by a correspondent ot
German reformed Messenger, cf tha
impression made upon" a European
traveler, by witnessing the eagerness
of Americans for newspapers i
'He hastily1 approached rrie with
eyes gleaming with delight and ad
miration. " What a wonderful race tho
American people are, was his ourbur?t
Every mart with his newspaper!
See the draymfrtn there, sitting on hlJ.
dray reading his newspaper : ami that
backman, on his perch, with h;3 whip
on his knee, diving into his newspaper
and yonder, that laborer stoT'piiig crfi
the corner to buy his newspaper ; and
see that paver, repairing the levee,
with a newspaper sticking out of hii
pocket, where he has just stuck it for
further reading at his leisure. So I
have seen it in every American town
and city. There is nothing Jik it in
Lurope. toother people, through au
its ranks, can be so versed in the cur
rent information of the country and
the world. Wonderful people, these
American people !" Wa his pointed
summing up, as if to hint at the pro
found prophey embodied in his pop
ular phrase anil fact. Tim expression
brings up to view the vast educational
value and effect Of fbo newspapers.
seculiar or religious," In American
society, touching our social, civil, or
Individual interest molding and
fashioning national, social or political
character
.. ' fa - .
Mr. A. Rabb. a farmer who reaidea
about three miles west of this city
brought a strange story In on Satur
day. Mr. Rabb has a son-law living
on afarm about four miles from Lafay
ette, named Miller, Mr. Miller has a
German laborer, who In plowing over
a corn field struek the upper crut of
something very much like in'tha
ferrial regions. . A suffocating odor
was emitted, foMOtfed by a denss vol
ume cf arnoke. According to tha
German' state m'ent the stench
was several degrees above the flavor
of the Illinois street gutter. A sheet
of flame soon burst from this terrible
volcario, and it great Conflagration waa
mmin'ent for tt ttire',- cut the flames
were finally subdued by a few shovels
ull of dirt tossed Into the mouth cf
the crater. The lava thrown out look-
very much like castile seap, only that
it was not so highly perfumed, on .
the contrary it via exceedingly offen
sive. It ignites freely and burns as
easily aa brimstone.
The Uerman was badly frightened.
and after viewing the scene in tttrr
bewilderment for a time ejaculated.
Veil dat ish h 11 !" We nrroVrstan J
that Trof. Cox will examine the
ground, and If it should prove to to
an entrance to the Infernal regions hd
will "send for Parson Brownlow to
look farther in to it. The people of
Lafayette are greatly alarmed, and
already it is said that a roaring sound
can be heard underneath the doomed
city. We await further develcpn:c3t
with great anxiety Many persona
trtnf think this 3 hoax, but it L? net.
Mr. Rabb docs not look like a man .
irho would deceive a whole commun-
ty about ii trilling a thing as the dis
covery cf hell in Indiana. Indianap
olis Sentinel,
Wa Cfc credibly informed that tha
Prrs ci this city i3 about "pullir.
stages" and going to Lincoln, tvu;
Jsforra&nt says, that Senator Thayer.
13 Interested in building up a "heavy,
concern" at the capital, for tho pur
pose of securing his re-elect; ,n a U,
S. Senator. The Senator sdludrd to
supposes this "change of bae" vA
bring about success. -Vt ;.