Nebraska Sifcualiact EHOWKVILLE. TIlUn.SDAY, APIUL 9, ISrtS. igricultural Department. 2R W- FURNAS, EDITOR. The' Prairie Fanner is published weekly, at Chicago, Illinois, at $2,50 per annum. It is one of the best and cheap: est Agricultural papers in the country, and should be read by every western Farmer. Send for.it. Southern Cltivato. To those 'who would like an Agricultural paper ; from the Southern States, we recommend the Southern Cultivator, published at ' Atlanta, Ga., by Wm. & W. L. Jones, at 2 per annum. . It is an old, well estab lished, and in all respects a reliable paper. . " Orchard and Nurserj. The present custom of packtnsr trcea in boxes has some advantages over the old one of bailing with straw, but with all the care those that are sent a long distance are liable to detention in trans portation, and it will often happen thit the trees, when opened, have a most un promising look, the bark being badly ehrivelled. In this case do not put the trees into water, but bury them, root and branch, in the soil. After a contact of a few days or a week with the moist soil, they will, unless very badly injured, come out as good as new. The land ihould be prepared, and everything should be ready fer Planting the trees as soon as they are received. Cut injured roots smooth and shorten the tops. Make a hole broad enough to allow the roots to be spread ; throwing on some fine soil and work it in among the roots with the fingers, so that no hollow places will be left ; put on snore soil and press it down with the foot, and the tree will not need Slaking to support it, although a stake to each tree is very useful in laying out the ground before the tree is planted, and afterwards in enabling its position to be more readily seen in cultivating. The above we copy from the Amer- ican Agriculturist, and add in planting, to dip the roots in water before putting in the ground ; or what is better still, when the hole is filled almost half full, pour in a bucket of watter, and churn the tree up and down a little, which will aettle the earth perfectly around all the roots. Again, get your trees as near home as possible, for two reasons first, they will be more acclimated, and sec ond, will be less time out of the ground. Orchard Management A correspondent to the Oneida Circ ular makes some judicious remarks on planing out and management of apple orchard. Car, at the outset, in plant ing is of prime importance. The top? and branches of the young tree should be cut back to correspond with the thort ening of the roots, thus . preserving i proper balance between the top and the roots, and preventing exhaustion by a disproportionate development of buds in the spring before feeders or small root3 cave been formed to supply the exhaust ion of sap caused thereby. It is not sufficient simply to plant out trees. Much depends on the location, quality of soil, and alter cultivation. If any of the proper conditions of success are complied with, a productive orchard will be an impossiblity. In reference to the cultivation of orchards, the writer referred to says; 'Cultivate the orchard well for the first two years, with hard crops, giving the trees a fair chance by keeping the ground in good condition around them. Then seed to grass a strip six or eight feet wide, including the row of trees, running north and south, or east and west, as most convenient. The f pace between the rows can now be freely cultivated one way, without inconven ience, injury to the trees, or danger of breaking the roots if plowed to a moder ate depth. The strips of grass can be widened if desirable, as the trees enlarge, and should be -moved two or three times in the course of the summer; especially the grass should be cut short before the approch of winter, lest it should be come a harbor for mice The grass should be raked off and fed to Btock, or placed around the trees to rot. If the trees in after years should need manuring the strips can be top-dressed in the fall; but they will scarcely need it if the cul tivated spaces are kept properly enriched. If it should thereafter become desirable to plow the strip, it should be done with a great deal of care, as the root) of the trees will be found nearer the'suaface on these unplowed stripf, than where the ground has been annually cultivated; and hence they should be plowed quite shal low.' As the time for pruning trees is ap proaching, I may do a service to the readers of the Cultivaior by giving the composition of a wax, as a convering for words, which has given me much satis faction. Shellac dissolved in alcohol has been the common varnish for woods, long in use. There are two objections to this: the shellac covering is exceedingly thin and brittle, and is therefore, but a partial, and not sufficiently permanent protection. Again, the alcohol required to dissolve the shellac, is ia such prop ortion that I thiok soma injury results to the bark and new and delicate texture of the wood, from its application.' Instead of this, take two pounds of rosin, one pound of beeswax, and one pound of beef tallow; dissolve as much shellac as ten ounces of alcohol will tak up. When lh wax is just melted, (in bottles stand icg in & kettle of hot water is best) our in the varnish. After this, alco- hoi may be added, to reduce the thick cess to the desired point. It will be found that this mixture is sufficiently waxy to yield to the growth to the tree, end also that it causes the least possible injury to the tender, wooly tissue. W; C. Strong in Boston Culiivaior. A borrowed tool, if broken, should be promptly replaced by a 'tew one. A nice acute of honor in sue matters ia much to be cemmended. Making Garden.,- Ifow login i " The honse wife's happiest isasoB ef the- year. 1 be ground, already broken by tne spaae- The bedi made level by toe passing rata Ths almanac consulted, and the signs Conspiring faror, forth with apron fall Of choicest seeds, the best the last year gate,. She sallies to the garden where, all day, Breathing the pleasant odor of the mould, She bends and plants, whiles to ber eyes of hops Here springs the earl; pea, and there the bean, The lettuce and the radish, and what else Hei culinary providenc, requires. But chief of all, with careful hands, she aets The slips, and bulbs, and plants which, round each bed Shall make a bright embroidery of flowers. Read's li'exe Pastoral, The first operation in making garden is, the preparation of the soil, ir any portion of the ground is charged with an excess of moisture, all effort to bring it into a friable condition and great produc tiveness will be unsuccessful, until the soil is relived of the surplus water, When the ground appropriated to a gar den is not underdrained thoroughly, by making drains some thirty or forty feet apart, it will be found of great service to cut channels two feet deep, betweeu the plots that may be separated by walks. HOW TO SPADE A GARDEN. The best soil should always be kept on the surface, as far as practicable, as the seeds need a mellow and rich bed notonly to hasten germination, but to prompte a luxuriant erowih. The soil must be thoroughly pulverized to a good depth the deeper the better. In order to spade a garden properly, throw back the soil from a strip about five feet wide and one foot deep. This soil must be wheeled to the opposite side of the gar den when the spading is finished. After removing the surface soil as direct a ed, spade the subsoil, pulverizing it thorougly, and turned it, as early as practible, to the place where it was tak en up. Then, spade another strip of the sur face soil, throwing it, as the work done, on the pulverized subsoil, until an other strip of the subsoil has been laid bare, which may then be spaded. Thi is called titnch or double spading. The blade of the spade enters the soil, in both instances, not less than one foot ana as the ground will be much more porous after it is spaded, the seed bed will be nearly or quite thirty inches deep If the soil be brokon deep, the roots o plants will strike much farther down ward than they otherwise would, and thus avail themselves of the moisture larmest rrom the surface, which is not acefsible when ground has not been spaded, nor plowed only a few inche in depth. WHE!f TO PLANT GARDEN SEEDS. There is nothing gained by planting any kind of seed before the ground is sufheently warm for it to germinate. In deed, in many instances, plants are seri ousiy injured by putting the seed m the ground too early. If seeds be planted as soon as the soi is sufficiently warm to promote speedy germination, the plants will be more pro ductive, than if the same seed had lain in the cold ground; for one or two weeks before there was sufficient warmth to keen tne plants growing. It injures plants of any kind, as wel as young animals, to expose them to such inlluences as will eheck their erowth. V hen a young animal has been stunted by improper care, its frame can never be so perfectly developed, as it would have been, if it had been properly fed on nu tritious feed and kept growing from its 11 JL 1.1 . Dinn. Ana tne same is true of most kind of plants, especially of Indian corn If seeds can be deposited in the soil, soon after a warm and gentle shower of rain, they will germinate much sooner than if planted provious to a heavy rain The reason for this is obvious. When seeds are planted just before a heavy ram, the soil is washed down closely i.i . t- arouna tnem, tnus excluding the air, which is essential to germination. But if seeds sretfovered with light soil, as soon after a shower as the ground issufl iceiently dry to work, all interstices of soil will be filled with worm arjueos va por, which is more conducive-to rapid germination than the close contact of cold and wet soil. WHAT SEEDS TO PLANT EARLT Although potatoes contain much starch, the sets, if properly managed, may be forwarded in their growth, several days, by putting them in a pail, or basket made dark with paper, and hanging in the kitchen. By this means sets may have sprouts two, or more inches in length, when the ground is sufficiently warm to put them out. As peas germinate at a lower tem perature than Indian corn, a row may be planted, and a wide board or two set on the edge to shield them form the cold north wind. In chilly weather the rows should be covered with a wide board. Tomatoes, cucumbers, squashes, and melons, may be planted two weeks be fore the ground in the garden is suffici ently warm to promote their rapid growth, ! by planting the seeds on pieces of rich sods turned grass-side down, on a shelf in a stove-room, and furnished with fine garden mould, and watered twice a day. The roots will spread through the soils: and each piece may b removed to the gar. den with the hill of growing plans, with out checking yieir growth in the least. Hills of choice squashes may be started in this manner, and kept in the kitchen until all danger of frost has passed, be .a.-. . tore the plants ana socs are in me open ground. Tomatoe plants may be kept growing on a piece of rich sod until the steams are one foot high. Then if plant ed in rich soil, they will continue to grow rapidly, and fructify early in the season. After hills of plants have been put out, barrels, boxes and tubs should always be turned .over them during cold nights. Many other vegetables, as well as flow ers, may be started early in the same way, with some satisfactory results. It is a common and calamitious custom to use tbe iaflamable form of petroleum, known as benzine, as a means of extract ing stains made on woolen and silk fabrics by oil. It should, however, be made generally known that such use is attend ed by a risk of explosion, such as would not only complete the operation but the eperator and not leave a grease spot or other trace of either. It would be no more than common caution,' therefore, f-ox any one about to try a new specific for taking out grease spots, to pour a little of the liquid into a common cup plate. Then apply lighted match . If the compound ignites, it ia dan gerooi to use the article. If it ibe nonexplosira, the match will be extinguished by iti immersion . JOHN L. CARSON, ! iL . -- 9 Exchange bought and sold on all the principal Cities. Also, dealer m Gold and Silver coin, Gold Dunts aud GOVERNHEIJT BOIIDS. 'Deposits received, payable at sight. Interest paid on time Deposits by especial agreement Taxes paid for non-residents. U S. BONDS WANTED JOHN L. CARSON. R. F. BARRETT, Proprietor of the NEW STEAM FERRY BOAT, SCN SET, and owner of tne entire Ferry Franchise at OROWXVILLE, NEBRASKA, Would respectfully represent to the Traveling Public that they can be ferried over the Missouri River, at Brown v) lie, promptly and without delay, at all hours in the day time. The capacity of the boat will accommodate Fifteen Loaded Wagons and Teams 03 100 HEAD OF BEEF CATTLE, XXX Ull XJ XIX2.ST. E20-tf MRS. J. M. GRAHAM,' TEA CHER OF MUSIC. LESSONS GIVEN ON THE PIANO, ORGAN, MEL0DE0N. GUITAR AND VOCALIZATION. Having had eight years experience at Teacher of Music m If etc xorkxs confident of giving satisfaction. Rooms Main, bet. 4th & 5th sts. lo-ljf BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. GEO. W. DORSET. LUTHER HOADLEY; CHAB.O. DORSE V DORSEY. HOADLEY & CO.. REAL ESTATE AGENTS, AND DEALERS IN LAND WARRANTS AND AG RICULTURAL COLLEGE SCRIP. Ofllce In Land Office Building, Bny and !ell improved and unimproved Lands. But, sell and locate Land Warrants and Agricultural Col lege Scrip. Make careful selections of Government Lands for Location, Ilomesteads, and Pre eini)tlon. Attend to contested Homesteads and Pre-emption cases in the Land Office. Letters of loqoiry promptly and carefully answered. Correspondence solicited. 26tt J. V. D. PATCH, Manufacturer and Dealer In CLOCKS,WATCUES, JEWELRY Silver end Silver-Plated Ware. Constantly on band all varieties of Spectacles. Repairing done in the neatest style, and at short notice. Charges moderate Work warranted. City Ding Store, BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. VV. H. KIMBERLIN, . OCULIST AND AURIST. Will Treat all Diseases of tie Eye and Ear. Rooms at the Star Hotel, Tenders his services to the citizens of this city and vicinity. May be consulted at the above place from the 1st to the 10th of each month. And at the baieu uocse. Salem. Richardson countv. Nebraska, from the 10th to the last of each month. 13-llly PIONEER PAINT SHOP LOUIS WALDTER, XT JEf 33 C3 CO 2P X ISI T EJ JEL Grainer, Gilder, Glazier, PAPER - H A A GEJl. White Washing and Kalcernining done All work done la. a workmanlilm man tnn thg shortest notice. TEEMS CASH! SHOP on Main stroet over Morgan's Plow Facto ij. CH-22-ylj) JACOB MAROHN. Merchant Tailor, Jlfafn Street opposite McTherson's Block, BROWNVILLE- NEB- r3 ALSO AGENT FOR WATCEES, AND 3" E! "SJU" Xj HEL "T 2 2 JOSE r 11 d 11 U T L - Has just received and will constantly keep on hand a large and well solectedstock of genuine ar- jefes in is !me. One Door west of Grant's Store, Brown- vtlle, Nebraska. .j Of Clocks Waicheband Jewelry done on the Short est Notice. WORK WARRANTED. Brownvllle. Neb.. March 15th. 1866. 10-25-ly GRANT'S CAEAP CASH STORE. Main Street between First and Second. BROWNVILLE, N. T. I Would Respectfully inform the Citizens of Brownville, and surrounding country that I have just received niy fall Stock of Goods, consisting of Of the latest styles and best quality, Mens heavy calf Boots, double soled Boots, Fine Kip Boots boys f.ad childrens Boots and Shoes. All kinks of La dies' Boots and Shoes of the finest and best quality. India Rubber and Buffalo Over Shoes for Gentlemen and Ladies - ' Groceries of Every Kind, Wooden Ware, Stone Ware, The Best Quality of READY MADE CLOTHING, , The bet Woolen Under and Over Shirts, Of all kinds. Wholesale and Retail. SHOEMAKERS and HARNESS MAKERS can rely upon having their orders filled promptly on short notice and reasonable terms. Call before pur chasing elsewhere. WHICH HE OFFERS FOR SALE CHEAP FOKCASH 'Allot which he offers at the lowest prices, deter lowed not to be undersoil!. GRANT. Brooms, Salt, Axes, Powder, Shot and Lead at . SWAN & BROTHER'S D.icd Poaches, Apples. Blackberriei, Cherries a 8WAN & BRO'S I3rowxx"eillo f fey a ' $i CQU!lTJlYir.SlG!!AnTS, '.akd . others. ecjfsias tovk ASHES, EEESWAX, BEAKSj BUTTER, CHEESE, EGGS, FLOUR AND MEAL, , . ; . FLAX, DRIED ' & GREEN FRUITS, - .COTTON, FURS AND SKINS, GRAIN, WOOL. rOULTlir, NAVAL STORES, HOPS GINSENG, .FEArHERS. HEM?, PRO VISIONS, LARD, OILS, TALLOW, TOBACCO, SEEDS, GAME, SOIGHUM MOLASSES, &ti JOSIAH CARPENTER, eneral Commission llercliant, 42 Washington Street, TSTE W YORK CITY. And " receive" his weekly Price Currant of Produce and. Groceries the most .complete Price Current publish ed in the .United States. SEjYD FOR A PRICE CURRENT. Harking Plates and Cards Furnished Free. Liberal Advances made on Consignments isstabllshed, May 1st, I860. First class Reference given when required. F. A. TISDELL, Jr. & Co., Keep constantly on band all kinds of AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS! AYOCA CWTOpppE,, SKINNER'S PREMIUM GANG PLOW, warrantedUh moat perfect Piow made, WALKING AND RIDING CULTIVATORS, SHOVEL AND STIRRING PLOWS. MOLKBOARD ND ROD BREAKING PLOWS, WAGGONS, REAPERS AND MOWERS, J. I. CASE & CO'S THRESHING MACHINES, STUDEBAKER WAGONS, HAND AND POWER COR V SHELLERS . WAGGON THIMBLES, a good assortment always on u&uu, . SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS, all Sizes and kinds, WOOD AND IRON PUMP3, FANING MILLS, and ererrthinK the Parmer wants. " - - - Call and tee ns, on 1st, between Main and Atlantlo, BROWNYILLE, NEBRASKA. HBS. IBKICK LIACH, . - , MISS MABY A. SI3tTSOJ LEACH & SIMPSON, Milliners & Dress-Makers Wish to ia form the ladies of BrownvilJe and vicinity that they has just commenced a first clasa ; j MILLINERY & DRESS-MAKING E3l (O) Where work, will be done with gret care and neat ness, ana alter tne latest Kaatern styles. Bleaching and Repairing done in the very latest sue ana on snort notice. Latest tj les of Ladie's and Children s Eats and Bonnets oonstaotly kept on hand, also latest pat terns oi iaies ureases, Cloaks, ana unUdxeaB Second Street, between Main & Water JAMES HOKIGAK, tTholesale and Retail Dealer la tn tvaey variety, for HAND AND POWEIV. ALSO 'WROUGHT, GALYBN'IZED IRON AND L3A i I 9 k t Rubber Hose and Packing-, STEAM -WHISTLES, GAUGES, LTGnTSiyG CONDUCTORS COPPER, ETC., No. 13 Third Street, near Edmond, ST. JOSEPH, LUSSOURL rt"Ordera solicited and promptly filled at lowest iate1. : L1 B.a?.i- -ko. S. Lxmow. Isaac T-Hosea. LEMON, HOSE i & CO. WHOLESALE DEA ERS IN FOREIGN 8c DOMESTIC DEI 6GOSS9 Notions Glot&ing &c. NO. 5 'FOURTH ST. St Joseph, Mo. A Large Stock always on hand. Orders solicited Satisfaction guaranteed. . 45-ly Union Foundry, MACHINE SHOP BURNS1DE, CBOWTHER & ROGE&S PROPRIETORS, Cor. 8th & Messanie Sts., t. --Joseph, Mo. PTE AM m.GltlES HADE U AND il REPAIRER 111 mow A Mn UD A c n A QTTMnS mLl vORKS OF. ALL KINDS IRON FRONTS Made to order on short notice and satisfactory to all parties. Also agents for GARDNER & ROBERT- P5 w S5 C5 W CO 3 m u H o PS n Ft jdbi NI S3 o O 55 i, A. FINER. T. B RSTHOLDS. soiTmni PINER & REYNOLDS; ,.:,P ROPRIETORS, Eight Street, two blocks from R. R. Depot, 11-45-6 ia John riNQER. W. B. POUGLAt. PINGER & DOUGLAS, Wholesale Healers QUEESNWAKE GLASS WARE., frC 2fO. 7 Fourth Ttreet. St JOSEPH, MO. 451y R. T. Underbill A. N. Eatok. UNDERHILL & EATON, ommissionAiklerchants, Hfo 2. CRy RuHdlugr ST. LOUIS, MO. REFERENCES! Second ITatlonal Bank, St Louis Alien, (Jopp & Nisbet, St. Louis. Brrnch State Bank of Iowa, Dnonqne. Jonnstone & Bacon, Bankers, Ft. Madison, Ia. Isaac Scarrltt & Co,, Alton, 111. Blair at At wood, Allen, 111. J. PFEEETERS' !h,'t4 Corner 6tb and St. Coarles Sts a) fe Also Dealer In Lime, Cement, Hair -Plapter,. White-Sana, Fire-Eriefe, o HOTEL w REAPERS, T r Corn Sheluer, Blacksraith3 Drill Saw Gummxrs, HAY RAKES, Portable nl Staticaray ENGINES, Constantly on Hand or Order ed at Short Notice. rL - - EACH ARTICLE WARRANTED!! TTTE wonld call partUnlar attention to our Self-Raklnj or Dropping Reaper, wakfc for hit W . agement, work, etc., Is fast superceding all others. Price of combined Mscbins lw. Air1-! THE EAGLE BRICK MACHINE the MachiueT teel confident that all who once see the Machine in operation nj u.ru tu .,tV?A it is managed, price, capacity, quality of work, etc will throw aside the old way or makinu BheikT;, ill objections to Brick Machines. We W A R RAN T the Machine to be well mvle, oa5 and durable with proper care, xna wnu ouo imh uu.u . w114 uum -4 -15,000 Brick per Day, of a Better Quality than can be Made by Hand! W do not, as other machines, claim more than the Machine can do, bnt what w culm v( Wiaa,, ' Por Sale toy ' 1 12-216m H T. 1VT1DICK, NEMAHA CITY Vr I 1(5 8 r J We have on hand a large and well assorted stcci of Staple and Fancy 3 lsi wkbnMsw To which we are making constant additions, ani which we are selling at prices low as any establish ment west of the Mississippi river. IN THE QUALITY OF OUR GOODS VE CHALLENGE GOMPETlTICll FL0UH OF THE MOST APPROVED BRANDS, m HIGHEST PRICE PAID FOR COUNTRY PRODUCE. P.' A , OWSTA! ST. JOSEIPH, MO. Importer nxid-TOhQlesale and Retail Dealer in Ira STEEL and HEAVY HARDWARE. Wagon, Carriage, and Plow Woodworks. AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. Springs, Axes. Axel?, Shovels and Spadea,Files and Rap, Chains, Carriage and Tire Bolts. Jam aal Washers, Nails, Horse naila, Horse & Mole Shoes, Castings and Hollow Ware. Stew pots. Bake ovens, Fruit kettles Blacksmiths' Tools, Anvils, Su-cks and Dies, BeIIows,Sledge and HiaiEia. mors, Vises, Pincers, Rasps, Farriers' Knives, Tujere Irons, Wrenohes, &i. C-o."tfltiz3.g- G-oods, Ox Toes, Axle Grease, Ox chains, Wogon Jacks, Ox Shoe nail?, Shovel ani Pici,Qoli Fmi, (a XX"ix"fc, ssTolxLOfli ancl XIont-HtviIT. 1,000 CELEBRATED MOLINE 3?LOWS! Just patented, and superior to any yet invented ; and SlcCormlcU's Mowers and Reapers, Jiallers Horse Corn Planter! Sulky Corn Cultivators, Hand Corn Planter, Corn Shollers, Hay Kakes, etc.ttaeie. Baying raj goods direct from th tnannf acturers, I offer great Indacemeats TO WHOLESALE PURCHASERS AT Constable's Iron and Steel Warehouse ST. JOSEPH. MO. 1 o o 1 0 rj 3 CD w.i o 3 W 5G W Ci) I 03 p o " 3 3 4S 2.3 W.M.WYETH & CO. Wholesale Dealers in Mill CUTHIY. SADDLERY GOODS, Harness, Skirting, t nd all kinds Saddler's Leather an Hardware. SADDLES, BRID. ES, C., Agents for Disatons Circula 8a ws, and Marvin s Safe. Ko.8 Soath Third Street, between Felix & Edmond ST. JOSEPH, MO. 451y. W00LW0KTH & COLT, IB lL I f7-J ILS a AND IX BOOKS, STATIOIIERY, Paper Hangrlngrs, And Printers' Stock, No 12 Second Street, St, Joserh. Mo. 0) ln rJ W I ' r 3 f : h o ;! J cc . 12 s 1 -H 2 Px W H S J Is O "JO s r-TJ 1 r . Catii Paid for IlaK rr s- i - , W f ITS Saw?, etc. etc. Sugar Kittles Andirons, Skillets tad ht and Sad Irons. VICTOR B. BUCH, . Wholesale BOOTS&SHOES Uorth West Corner 4th & Felix Street ST. JOSEPH, MO. lKoeps much the Largest Stock West cf SI. Loui3,and id prepared to offer annsual iaduc'i"" Il-45-ly . Daniel Francis & Co-, STEAM M 0 1ST XJ ME 1ST T AL ilAEBIiE ITORES fE EPS constantly on hanJ a U rrJ Plain and Oraantal JTonaienU Tbe Trade snpplted with Blocls and, Slafca S,J done to order. ' ST, LOUIS, MO. M. F. BOYD, l?ent, Nave, McOord &Co. YEOLESALE And Dealers in Wines, Liquors, Tobacco St JOSEP1I-3IO. jjW BATLY, KAY & woon Dealers la YANKEE NOTIONS, Exclusiyely at wholesale. . Third Street, 8T. JOSEPH. 3 with best St. Louis or Chicago HoW- ASYGOSTUVAUSI LOOKl Anybody sendinar me W u: Jlsend bid In rtura oue of tne mt thecoontry. H .ikUii. 12-n23-ia Lock boxiZ Otoneware, Basket, : tm .i Vr; 1 PI c, cc 11