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About Nebraska advertiser. (Brownville, Nemaha County, N.T. [Neb.]) 1856-1882 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 6, 1868)
1 i n Ji t , , cBtrcB. "" ciirncii, coLiiArp & ca., rjm'e'rion'i'uiock. 2i floor. Hall Entrance, -- row3ivlllo U-J"o1u. . . t e. man. i : 3 ; i i , ' 3 3? cm n ra i LIBERTY AND UNION,. ONE AND INSEPARABLES NO YT AND FORE V E P.." - : if;. ( f - i 'A- Book 'Work, and r lain and Fancy Jt Wcrk don. tbfcet slj!. and on abort notice. '7 3 . VOL. XII. BKOWIWILLE, - KEBEASKA, : THURSDAY, FEBEUAET 6, 18(38. -n i) i n is c r o n y . cOTCOBESSIONAIi DELEGATION". r W Tiptow, C. Senator, fcrownvillf, JM.THATER, " " Omaha. Jokx Taffk Representative, Dakota City. STATE DIRECTORY. David Hrn.tR, Goveruor. Pwne CHy. thos F. Kesxard, Sevretary, Omaha. . Jon GiLLiaPiE. Auditor, Omaha. ArGCSTri Kockti Trecrer. 8, S. Kjsox, Librarian, Omaha. JUDICIARY". O F Vasok. Jciipeof lut Judicial District , Vk.'b. UoorCX, District Clerk for Nemana Co. LEGISLATURE. v. T J. Majors, Scnau.r. Fern, Nemsca Co. PROW. lWryrC3Iivfcit o ilimc do do do do Lot-H WALDTIR, IHAS. BAVWOOD, VM. PAILT, dJ Vremmile, do do Grant, Pern, TTVITED STATES DIRECTORY". Kru atkiksok, Register, i U. S. Jaod Offlce, . JonxL Carson, Eeceirer, BrownTlile. F TrTTLE, U S. a. Assessor, Brown?llle. a D Marsh, Post Mater. Brownnil. B M. Rich RecUter in Bankruptcy. COUNTY DIRECTORY. Jam t M. Uacker, Clerk ai dR 'suiter of Deeds, t V. Brattok, Treasure-. A r. mohoas. rroite J Cse. ' tiATIPSOH PLASTERS, Sheila. , vr.r. bright, SurTeyor. . F G Holmes. ) ' lHiLUP STarRi County Commisrloners. ! . L- H'OEE. J EtRHARD Otteki, Coroner. ! CITY DIRECTORY. jtirit S. Cktrch. Mayor. VM.U. McCrekRT, Clark. U- Boyd, Marshall. jokas Uacrer, Collector. tm. H. Uooter. Treasnrer. T. B. FISHER. Engineer. j. K. RETfOLDS, Attorney. C.F.Stewart, T. C. Hacker, I . C. wheeler, Vlldenaen, X M0R0A8, J a, F. Cogswell. J CXiu relics. Tirtt Bsrtist. Services on Second Sunday and JSanr(layot each month at 2 o'clock P . M l tee Memt chMca In BrownTille. Rer. 11. P. : WILLIAMS. Pastor. Wpthodist Episcopal Sernces every Sunday. ,t 10 1-2 A M , and 6 1-5 F. M. Prayer Keetlnit erery rhnrsdsr eTCdn i Snoday School every Sabfata at l-t A M Eer. W. S. BLACtBUSX, Pastor. Tccr,al-Services In McPherson's Hall every ; -tbw SanOay at I0I-S A.M., and every Sunday at ' il-8P M. Sanday Sch-ml at 2 1-4P. M every San iv Rt. Rev. G. R. DAVIS, Missionary. ' Pirnt Presbyterian Services every Sunday at TO l S A M. and - P. M. ? SDdy School at 2 1-4 P It 5 Prarer nieetmu every Wednesday at 7 P. M. ev.JOUX T. BAIRD. Pastor. Arrival and Departure of UlaHs. Eastern M Ail arrives di iy, except Sunday, at 1 , p. m. . daparta " I 1-2 " i X&IT"' " " aul-5" 7estern Mail arrives every Wednesday at 4, p. m. departs every Monday at 3, a.m. Grant Mail arrives every Tuesday at 6, p. m. 4. departs eveiy Wednesday at 8, avm. 1 EockDort Mail arrives every Saturday at 3. it. m. y " deparu . " " 1 1-2, p. m. Persons will oblige by Retting their mall in tully bslf an hour before the departure of mails. Office open SutOaya from 8 to 9, a. m., and from 4 to A.D. MARSE, T. M. LODGE DIRECTORY. 2TEMABA Vaj.i.et Iopoe K. 4, A T tc A U ?neet fecularly in the Mi.ouic Ball on the lstanj 3J Sdtur ? 4?yi of each month. T W. EEDFXJRD, W. M. J. H. KoRRisoM. Secretary. Urowkville lodge. I O of 0 F. meets retnlarly eTerr Tu:aay evening in the Mawiic Hall. H. C. LETT, N. O. . w Fairirother, Sec. j Iiro-wkvjlle Lodge, I O nf G T, meets rezularly tvery Friday evtniDK In the Masonic Tlall. . JARVI3 S. CHURCH, W. C. T. W. D. Blacks crn, W. S. G A E Post Ko. 1 , Nemaha County, meets every , alternate Thursday, in Lruwnville, over Dorsay t Bro's Ciothlng Store, at 7, p. M. Capt. O. B. nEWETT, P. C. t W D.ELACEBCR5, P. A. ! 'BARK ON i I Mia every Wednes lay evenins; in tie hall et of Teiesrapb Office. McP.erFone cioca. LOUIS WALDTKR, Pres. Chsis HArBOLDT, Sec. Beowkviile Uterart Ajsocjatios Meets very Thurbday evening at 7. P. M. J. II. BROADT. Pres. J. T, Patch, fee. Westers L'kiox Telegraph Compart COce A lltPtierson's Block. i. K- BEAR. Operator. DRUGSTORE HOLLADAY Si CO., Whoieiale and Retail Deaier In DRUGS, MEDICINE, PAINT, OIL, &c, P. O -BultJlng, Main St., HOWIZVIIiLE. NEBRASKA. " WMH. McCREERY, Wholesale and Retail Dealer In Dregs, Books Wall-paper and Stationery, Corner Main and 1st Sts., BROWNVILLE. NEBRASKA- CONFECTIONARIERS. WILLIAM HOSSELL, CONFECTIONERY AND TOY STORE Fresh BreadCakes, Ojitcr , Fruit , Ac, on hand, Soutbeide Main between 1st and 2d streets, BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. J. P. DEUSER, Dealer In Confecticsarics, Toys, Notions, &e., Main bet. If t and 21 Sts., BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. WM. ALLEN, proprietor of the CITY BAKERY. Fanr Wed- dinirCate firninhed on sburt notice. Dealer aonfectlonarles. Fruits and test Family Flour Uain Street let. lit end 2d, EIwOW NVtLLE, NEBKASKA. SADDLERY. J. H. BAUER. Manufacturer and Dealer In HARNESS, BRIDLES COLLARS Mending done to order tis.faction guarrantied. Shop on Main bet. Itt and 2d eft.. BROWNVILLE, "E5RASKA. JOHN W. MIDDLETON Manufacturer and Dealer in HARNESS, BRIDLES, COLLARS, Whlpa A&a La;bes cf everr description, Flattering - ,Ur. Cash raid for Iiidas. .Corner Main and 2d Sts., Drowcrille, Netrastft. W. D..MAHIN, Manufacturer and Dealer in all kind cf .Saddles, IlurucFs, Whips, Collars, &c. Smith's Patent Trace CucLle, Nixon's Patent Trace Cackles. JV'ort Side 2!ain Street, ' BI0W5V1CLE, NEBRASKA. MEAT MARKET. KEISWETTER & EARSMAN,. Butcbcr., CITY. MEAT MARKET, Mais bet. lt and Sad Sts., JTJIOV7NVILLE, NEBBASEA : HOTELS. J. STEVEXSOX, D. O. CROSS STEVENSON & CROSS Proprietors, On Levee St., between Uain & Atlantic, BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. This Doue is-convenient to the Steam Doat Ls-ndinj, a.ad the tusines f nrt cf Towa. The bst vjcoramodations in the City. No pains will be spared in making gaesU comfortable. iSGood Stable and Corral convenient to the House.j PENNSYLVANIA HOUS MICnAEEFIIJU.Proprietor. Soathiide Main between lii and strocU, BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. Jlealsat &!J Llours, or for Regulnr Boarders,t the usual rates. 12-Ii-ly AMERICAN HOUSE. Ji Good Feed and Livery Stalle in con nection with the House. Ij. D. ROJ3ISON, Propfietor. Front street, between Main and Water, BROWNVILI-E, NEBRASKA. PHYSICIANS. J. W. BLACKBURN, M.D. . pENSIOS- -rJXA2IINIi;Q gTJRGEON. Tenders his professional service tj the itiicna"of Brownville and vicinify. OFFICE AT CITY DRVQ STORE. Night calls at his Ilesidence south side of Atlan tic between 1st aDd 2nd streets. . H. L. MATHEWS. PHYSICIAN AND SUKGEON,. ( orricr CITY DRUQ STOKE, BROWNVILLS, NEBBTASKA. A. S. HOLLADAY. M D. (Graduated in 1S51 ; Located in. BrovntUle inlSSO ) Physician, Surgeon and Obstetrician, Dr. IT. has bn hand complete sets of Amputat ing, Trephining and Obstetrical instruments. Ofllce: nollaflay& Co'a Drug Store, P. O. BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. P.S. Spec:alattention given to Obstetrics and the diseases of women aDd children. x-44-Iy C. F. STEWART, M. D.- Physician and Surgeon, OFFICE: Soulh East corner of Uain and First Streets BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. Office Hocks 7 to 9 a. x. and 1 to 2 and 64 to BKACKSMITHS. J. II. EES ON, Will do BLACKSMITII1NG cf all kinds. Maket llortt Shoeing. Ironing of Wagon and Sltigh$ and Machine tvom a specialty. hop on Main St., west of McPberson's Block, UKOWXVILLE, NEBRASKA. J. W. & J. C. GIBSON, D L A C K S M I T H S SHOP oa 1st between Main and 2d, BROWNVILLE, NEBIIAHKA. All Work done to order Satisfaction Guarrantied. JOHN FLORA, T5 L A C KS M I T H Shop on Water Street South of American Ltouze BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. tSTCaftorn Work ol all kinds solcitci. 12-12 ATTORNEY S. VIRGIL S. HALL, Homey and Counsellor at Law. OSLce over Dorsey h. Bro' Clothing Store, Maia St, BROWNVILLE. NEBRASKA T.W.Tipton O.B.IIetrett . .Church TIPTON, HEWETT & CHURCH, Attorneys at Law. EROWNVILLE, NEBIiASKA. K.W.THOMAS. J. n.BBOABV. THOMAS & BROADY Attorney at Law 5 Solicitcr In Chancery Office over Dorsey'a Clothing atore, BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. W.M. McLENNAN, Attorney At Law, NEBRASKA CITT, NEBRASKA; CHESTER F, NYE, ATTORNEY AT LAW, AND WAR CLAIM AGENT, PAWNER CITT, NEBRASKA. MERCHANDISE. GEORGE MARION, Dealer In Goods, Groceries JJgg' & Notions. Foot cf Main Street near Levee, BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. Dry 1858. Established 1S58. WM. T. DEN, Wholesale and Retail dealer In GENERAL MEIICHHNDISE Corn Planters, Plows, Stoves, Furniture. COMMISSION AND FORWARDING MERCHANT Ma;n street bet. Levee and 1st, EROWNVILLE, NERIUSKA.' inchest market price paid for Hides, Pells, Fur aid rrodvce.ly xii. x. Diuix . G. M. HENDERSON, Dealer in Foreign and Dorafttlc DRY GOODS AND GROCERIES Main let. 1st and 2J Sts., BrownTille. Nebraska. CHARLES JJftlEGEL BEE a HALL, LUNCH ROOM Asn licutghocert rroitz, Msin bet Ut and Si Sts.. E20W XA. J. L..McGPE & CO., Dtaltrsin GENERAL MERCHANDISE, lu'cFhercn's Biock, Mnin Ftrcet, - CROWInTIU-S. KEERA.SKA. J. II. CLAGGET t CO., BILLIARD HALL AND SALOON aetnettof STUitney's Slock, Main bet. 1st fc id Sts., BROWNVILLE. NTERA5SA. 7i Zest Libert ifft CcntlszUf f Jlzni.' NEWS DEPOTS. A. D. MARSH,. NEWS- DEPOT NO. I. SCHOOL BOOKS, STATIONERY, fcc, Post Offlce, Main St., BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. CITY BOOK AND NEWS DEPOT. T. 0. IT ACKER. J.S, CHCECH. J. L. COLHAPF HACKER, CHURCH & CO., .. (succeasor to A. P. iTAE3!I & CO.,) South side Main Street, BROWNVILLE. NEBRASKA. STWjnNTOE. JOHN C. DEUSER, Pealer in STOVES, TIN WARE, PUIIPS, &c Opposite McPherson's B'ock, BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. SHELLEBERGER BRO'S Manufacturer and Dealer in I 1ST "W" A. H T STOVES. HARDWARE, CARPEXTER'S TOOLS, BLACKSMITH'S FURXISIIiyGS fie. McPherson's Block Brcwnville, Neh. BOOTS & SHOES. CHARLES HELLMER, BOOT AND SHOE MAKER, Main Street, 2 doors below the wntbeast corner of 2nd, BROWNVILLE N. T. ITas on hand a superior stock of Boots and Shoes and the best material and ability for doing ZST'Cutom Wori done with meatnet and dipalc TERMS CASH! A. ROBINSON, BOOT AND SHOE MAKER, Main Between 1st & 2d Street 1 BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. Takes this method of informing the pablio that be has on hand a splendid assortnent cf Gent's and Ladio's Misses' and ChUdrens's BOOTS AND SHOES. J"Custon work done with neatness and dispatch Repairing done on short notioe. 10-30 fnnn ELEOUS e.Il burches, LANDSCAPE GARDNER BROWNTILLK, NEBRASKA. Will attend to Pruning and Planting Tinyard? and Orchards in any part of the Country, at read onable rates. All orders promptly attended to. October 25th 1S67 i-y wonvniHa a. "nrirjooat, . STORAGE, FORWARDING AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS- And dealer in all kind of Grain for which they pay the Highest Market Price in Cash. BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. GEO. W. DORSET. LUTHER HOACLET. CDAS.O.POBwIt DORSEY. HOADLEY & CO. REAL ESTATE AGENTS, AND DEALERS LV LAND WARRANTS AND AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE SCRIP. Office in Land Offlce Building, BROWNVlLLS. NxSftASXA. f Buy and sell improved and unimproved Lands. Buy Sell, and locate Land Warrants, and agri cultural college Scrip. Make eareful ' wvections or government Lands for location, llcmes tea ds, and pre-emptions. Attend to contested L'f Ksledttr-E?pUoa cacs,ln the Land effita. Letters of inquiry, promptly and cneenully an swered. EST Correspondence Solicited Jg325it FRANZ HELMER, WAGON MAKER OPPOSITE DEUSER'S TIN-SHOP, BROWNTILLE, NEBRASKa. WAGONS, BUGGIES, PLOWS. CTJLTI VITO R3, &c , Repaired on short notice, at low rates and warranted to give satisfaction. x-13-fa.an JONAS HACKER, Tax Collector for the City of Brownville, Will attend to the payment of Taxes for non-retident - landowner internal counrg. cors pendent e Stliciied. - - Offlce on Main bet. 1st and M, BROWNVILLE. NEBRASKA- SMITH P. TUTTLE, tr. S. Astittant Asesi r and Claim Agent. Will at tend to the Prosecution of Claim before the Depart ment for Ad Bounty Back Pay and Pennon Alto, to the Collection of Semi-Aunual cue on Pentiont, 02Sce over Car sons Bank Main street, EROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. A. STAFFORD, PHOTOGRAPHIC ARTIST Perton wishing Picture executed in the latest style cf the Art will please call at my Art Gallery. Main stieet bet. lt and 2d street. BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. MRS. J. M. GRAHAM. TEACHER OF MUSIC. LrSSONS CIVEX OK THE PIANO, ORG AX, MELODEON. CDITAR AND VOCALItATION. TTavinrt had einht veart erperienee a Teacher of Music in New i'ori it confident ofgtting tatut action Rooms Main, bet. 4th& 5;h sts. lo-ly BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA. - J W SMITH BARBER AND HAIR DRESSER Main St., 5th door uom S W eor 2nd St. BROWNVILLE. NEBRASKA- GATES & BOUSFIELD, BRICKLAYERS & PLASTERES ' UrownTllIe, nTcbrasIia, Wfl take contract? for Bricklaying, natenn, hnildinir Cisterns, and do anTthi.iz in tbeir line in the most satisfactory and workmanlike manner, Aug.S0,lSS8. x-47-ly . J. V. D. PATCH, MANVTACTCaER AND DEALER IV CLOCKS, WATCHES, AKD Silver aurf Siivcr-l'Iatcd uare, A'so constantly on hand, all varieties of SPEC T A CLE S. EEPAIKIKO dnre in the rttr6t style, and at HHORT NOXICB, C3AKGS3 KODi:SAT3. " WCRK WAF.BAKT23. CITY DRUG STORE Nebraska Slimcrtts BROWNVILLE, NE3., FI"Tli:AST6, 1SG3. FARLIER'S DEI'. kit Aiil A Agrlcnltsral Lcciety. Pursuant to call, a raeeticj cf (he Nemaha Coarsty Agr:.:uiiaral Societyl was held ia our ofDca c at . 1 . ,Feb- ruary 1st, to arrange Premium List for the I the aproimraent cf Cu an ! perfect a .? cf c.3, end account cf the slim atte the ing was adjourned to 2 Saturday, March 7th, This is certainly a. r importance to call cat upon a correct List, ad: dition and wants cf c in judicious appointment c pends materially the the A u w Let every farmer take see that a large attend: mself to jsent cr. asica to the 7th, and he will ha- r.o cc find fault with what is d.o whea it is too late to remedy it. . Let every farmer turn cut and give his assistance to the framir:; of a Premium List and the appointmeit cf Committees, and thus make the Fair cf 1S03 ths best ever held in the State. Written for the Advertiser. . FENCES. KOa 3. ' In the last weeks papr we nnictentionally omitted stating the distance we woe! I adrocate between plant and plant. They should cot be leas than twelve inches apart; at i we believe a bet ter bedge could be made when the plants are double that distance, than can be male. by planting four, five, or six inches, as is often recommended. The permanency beiug considered, the sag plant be ing a tree an d not a shrub, that we nse for making hedges, requiring space for its roots to ramify in the ground in order to obtain the necessary food for its substance. Now, it ia evident that if we crowd two or three plants in to the space of ground which con tains scarcely food enough to support the one, we must naturally conclude that the vitality of the so planted trees must eventually be some what impaired, and consequently ita peraanancy be materially injured. We cannot see that there is anything gained by close planting; but on the contrary, all to loose. Hence it is we advocate planting further apart than wad, usually done when hedging was in its infancy. Whilst cultivating the first fcason, it would be advisable to strip off or stop" the side shoots as early stage of their growth, it will not need doing but the once, a. the natural tendency of the aap is upward and there being no latter branches to ob struct its course, thereby leaving the whole for the better developement of the main shoot, which forms the basis of the future hedge, the forming of which is the all important work which alone renders our endeavors successful. As yet we have multitudes of opinions resulting from the unsettled state of the general knowledge on this particular subject; and in all these opinions there is but one common object sought for, and this is the entire controje of the growth of the plant, and proper density at the bottom of the hedge ,and a uniform distribution of wood throughout. If the proper means for the attainment of this object wcrs prop erly understood, and that knowledge carried out in practice, the hedges would present a beautiful ap pearancewould be an effectual barrier to both man and beast, and would fully answer the par pose they were intended for. Now, the means to accomplish this must be by judicious pruning. The time to do this must be governed by the condition cf the growth of the plants. For instance, if they have made good, strong and uniform growth, from the first year that is the following spring after they were planted. If they have cade an indifferent growth, delay the pruning one season, by which time they will have gained strength and vigor. Then take a knife or hook, and cut the first plants witbia, say three inches of the ground, the next say six inches, and so with every alternate plant. The object being an even destribution of shoots to form the basis cf the hedge. The basis of the hedge having tteea formed, and whilst cultivating during summer it should be con stantly watched so as to check the upward tenden cy of all or any centre shoots that may have as sumed too strong a growth at the expense of their diverging in an horizontal direction. If one or two of these are suffered to grow on the same parent stem, they make a supurfiuous growth, wh.Je their neighbors of a smaller sise below them, will die out from want of nourishment. This should be attended to as soon as thcyarsume that tendency, and before the eil has shown its elect, and not wait until spring, or until the plants around de maud, bo waiaa w cut or prone au resetter, n n is done at the proper time, it will take but a lit t! time, as the wood is soft, and it oaa be stopped by pinching the end iff. And as soon as the winter ii over, cr when the frost is out of the wood, cut it bark within twelve inches or so of where it wi3 cut the previous year. This can best be done with along bladed hedge-hook, cutting one side at a time, and the same operation proceeded with every successive season until the bedge is five feet high, which shonld be the ultimatum. This process will Leave the hedge a dense mass, impenetrable to any animal that might destroy crops or trees. " When we have arived at this, the time for pro sing may be changed, and instead cf prunisg whilst it is in a dormant state, d j it when it has made its first growth, ray middle of Jans, and after it has made its second growth ia the fall. The reason for this is that pruning a tree wLlkt ia a dormant state, call into action several latent or dormant bods, lying below where the cut has been Iiade, causing an equal destribution of the tap for the time being, and envigoratiag tho whole. So mm ir pruning, on the contrary, partiil'y de nn dir. g the tree of iU young shoots, ar.d neeeesa rially part of its foliage, which are the respiratory organs, thereby intertereing with its growth bj extension, limiting ita vital power, hardening the wood, contracting toe sap Teasels, and tranrfor.Licg its habit into that cf a shrub. .11. D. T T - Written for the Advertiser. Fencing. Cjrant, Nemaa Co., Nes. ) January, 1SC3. Mr. Editor. Haring been a reader cf your, piper, and baring noticed caita a :ler cf ccn ;3 varioui thit interest the racr! Cf t r -r- cur ht I vounsr ani thrivic? btate, I tact wou!.1-, by ycur permissicn, rivo the sub ject cf fenxirj cur vai;t and fertile Pra iries a short notice, as we are, asfarmerr, very deeply interested ia 'that tubWt just at this time. In tha first phce, I wish to chow what it ccsts to fence ojr farms, sav at from ta 13 t72!UV fiV2 mile 3 from the Blissoi ri nv: Willi ii rr and bcirds. and then, to shc-tv fcr whr.t live fence cnba cr , . ' "1 0 Or- r i 1 th?. t 10 X: with tear:. 3 we z a vai every six i'ect, wh f5 f;r.:2 ICO acres, will ' v;i!l c:st, dellv?re i ..;:3 t::3 fecca is to he IT: i; :rcu: .t L-jcts a pes Ttd boards rc'i ? for riij fcr;co will amount to fe t which at 3cls rer foot, deliv- i tii LlUliU, V. lit UU3i O I SiliU .i i :n . c-cn ,J nails f:r saii fenca will cpst 30. and lafJir.j et iOctspr red would Is $12S, making a g-oc:i five board fence around 160 acres, cost th3 farir.er SI, COO and if any of our farmers do not like these figures I hopa they will show us where they can be bettered. for the Hedge Fence: Well, the first thing to be done in raising a hedge fenca i3 to prepare the ground cr break the hedge lines two rods wide tho year before you wish your hedge started, and tworods wide around IGOacres will be 8 acres, at S4 per acre would be S32. When the breaking is dona you can git your hedge grown for you for 75cis per rod until it 13 a good and lawiui fence, which requires from 3 to 5 years, and will cost you when completed around ycur ICO acres 512. By these figures :n . u .1, : CCQ cavoA L you m sec iuuw mcic ia vj - j fencing with a live fence, besides, when your live fence is made you have an ever lasting cne. With the board and post you have to repeat the dc39 at last every seven years. . . - Now, farmers, the next questions is, what are we to do, or what plan can we adopt, to rjrow our hedges wiibout first going to the expence of building fences, as it will net da to plant them and nave then trampled down while growing by slock running at large. I am afraid I am Getting to a tender point, butl have a propo sitioa to make, and if you will here me through. 1 think you will. see the point It is th-3, 1 propose that we pass a gene ral Herd Law, end .take. the 6?7S,.faved by crowing live tencss and eitiier inane pastures for cur stock or have herders to take care of it for the next four or five years. Let several neighbors join togeth er, or enough to require one man to take care of their stock, and five per cent of your saving fund will pay a man to take care cf your stock for the next five years. at which time, or before, you will see these prairies as far as they are now settled beautifully fenced, and you will have in your pockets at least five per cent advance on the original sum, and your farms will be worth fifty per cent more than if you adopted the board fence sys tem. In this way our new State can be settled up close and compact, and it is the only way I can as yet see to ever make this country what the Giver of all good gifts designed it to be a grand centre for agriculture. If any of cur far merscan jive a better plan we would be glad to hear from them. We want you, farmers in general, to give the subject a fair and candid consideration and don't take our word for it, but make the calculatiod for yourselves. We will now take say Ne raahajo,, and see what would be saved to the farmers by adopting the general herd law and hedge system as above pro posed. Nemaha county has. accordingto theplat of the Nemaha land district, 2,534,400 acres of land within its limits which will all be fenoed by some means in a few years; well, for convenience, we will say that there is 1,584 quarter sections in the county and to fence the same by quarter sections with post and boards would cost the settlers the nice little sum of 2.201, 760, while the tame, fenced with Hedge, would cost SSU.008, savin?, by cur plan, the nice little rum cf SI, 300,752; and in Nemaha, Johnson, Richardson Rid Pawnee counties we would save S 5 879. 0S3. New fanners, what we want is for you to takh this subject of fencing cur beau tiful &Qd fertile lands into serious conaid deration; look at itfrorn any and all stand points, make your calculation, count the cost, and we think you will come to the same conclusions as many of us have done that the only way to maks this coon try what ihe great giver of all good gifts designed it to be, is to adopt a general system cf herd laws and hedge grswn. In order to do this we must send repre sentatives to ourn next Legislature that will give us a general system of lat-vs that will enable us to grow our hedges .with out first building- a fence. Thi3 is the only way we can as yet see to redeem this country from what some cf our east ern neigbor3 plsase to term & bowling wilderness and beyond civilization. LAFAYETTE. mpm r Written for the Advertiser. Farmers' CIuI) Ec?oil3 ao, Clifton. Nemaha. Co., January 23. 1S33. Editors Advertiser : In my la$t I re viewed what hsd been done in December, and mentioned the appointment of a com mittee to present cur claims for a joint school district to ih Coun'y Puppnn'en dent, which was done ca Mcnday last. A correct man cf the settlement was drswa, tiiih ths hcu3 cf er;ch tWll rr. settler m irked, which made it a plain case, ar, it was granted, as it should be, by cur eCcisnt county officer, II. M. Hacker. Ey ihij arrangement tsvenly three schchrs czn get to school with an avers ge walk cf ens mb, instnl cf t-D and a half, a3 is the cas3 too often in this cDunty.. This district is cczr.psi cf fivi" and cne-hilf sections tf.hiJ, cr two and cr-half by two and cr.c-q"ir'.:r nile3 square, occupied by a:-jut a dczn terViii;?, r.'y from Reck county, Wi3.. il is Cii,."!r the Wifccr.sh Settle rr.nt." It is situated -en th" tr.vn lin? 1 2 1 ween townships 5 and C, rinjs 13 ea?t. Tj Chb net this weel: r.t ths house cf Lantoa AHrich, who Li 3 l well-filled library cf agricultural wrks, which makes it a favorite placa to meet. The subject discussed was tha apple tree. There was a good attendance, and nearly every cne had a good hint t3 cr. We arrived et the following conclusions. in regard t3 supplying ourselves with tre?3 : First, net to purchase root-grafted trees; second, to purchase none others after we are prepared to raise our own ; third, to plant co trees over two years old. We do not propose to buy root grafted trees, on account of their early decay a fact that every honest nurseryman will admit. Warder, Phenix, and others, claim that there are three distinct divisions to a perfect tree viz., top, root, and collar, (or union between root and top,) and that a root graft, which is generally ir.aJe by cutting a seedling root into thre3 or four pieces, consequently costing, compara tively nothing, and only cne of which is a perfect tree, will not attain an age of over ten years, , which will help to account for the failure of fruit raising in the West. Besides,' the root3 of root grafted. trees are apt to die ; and the nur eerymen are shrewd enough to plant suf ficiently deep, so that the scion, or graft, may take root and make a tree, as any cutting will from the apple tree, but never lives only long enough to help make men discouraged uud condemn the business. "Collar grafted," or those grafted on the top but near the ground, should always be preferred. The price is but little higher. Budding is better than all else, for the reason that tree tops belong to tree tops just as much as a man's head belongs 'on his shoulders. Besides, we can facilitate early bearing bv using buds from fruit-bearinr trees. "We UesiQto raise "our " own seedling stock, on which to graft or bud, and choose such stocks as mature wood early, and to plant trees in orchards young, while the roots can be all saved and the tree yet be so low as not to be tossed about, struggling with the winds for ex istence. They can be produced in this manner at less than five cents each, and we shall then know what we plant. R. A. HAWLY, Secretary. For the Advertiser. Ilcdc Cultnre. Editors Advertiser: Having seen in your paper cf the 16th ult., that you in vite discussion on hedge raising, and though I ara a very poor writer, yet, see ing that seme one has written on the subject, and perceiving from what he says that he never raised a hedge, and as I have had experience in raising plant3 and growing hedge for the last fourteen years, I feel it my duly to say something on the subject, believing that i .under stand hedge growing as well as any one. Your correspondent urges the neces sity of raising hedge, owing to the scar city of timber, and names several kinds, Now, sir, there is no use cf discussing this point, us every oue who has had experience with the Osage knows that it is the cheapest and best fence that can be made. If I had plenty of timber cn my farm for fencing, I should even then prefer hedging. Your correspondent thinks an outlay of seventy-five cents per rod will make a lawful fence, though he seems to doubt whether a good hedge can be made for less than one dollar per rod. In this he is mistaken A good and pretty hedge can be made, cn raw prairie, for fifty cents per rod, and all the labor hired at high rates. This I know from experi ence. However, if you contract wiih every cne to raise you a hedge, you will be charged enough, ynu may be assured. And take ray word for it, many farmers who have contracted their hedge raised, will be very much dissatisfied ia the end. From what I have seen they are gener ally inexperienced in the business, and if they should even succeed in miking a Uri-ful fence, it would then be worth nearly a much to put it into such ibaj'e; as most good farmers would want it, as it would to make a new fence. My advice ta every farmer 13 to make h's own hedge. If he nsver saw a hedge p'ant before, with the instruction he can get from those who hava experience, he will get a better and cheaper hedge than he can by contract. At the time when I raised my first hedge I knew nothing about it ia the start, yet I made cne cf the nea'est hedges hit I hive ever seen. I got instructions from an c!d hedgs grower cf Illinois. It cost me nothing ; r.either fh.ll what I know cost anything to any cne who wants it. I should like to ?av mors cn hdirr, ts I feel an interest ia the matter, but owirg to my bad manner cf writ'n? I will say no more at pr?cn Should you think this worthy cf ;r ncti:, you can correct and insert it. Yea may hear ccra frcna co sain. - , G.J.BRYANT. Statute Ltr: ? reduced to r.ri.' ;, ; hw by tha legii!-:::: it ii th2 written properly express:.!. i3 ueed ia contradl:', law. -4 - 3 T.:s r::r:r.:3 muc.i to -1 ;hn tvh:.: r 4 erty and ; rr?, r : dutki cf pers.ni z. the prctecticu cf ciril the duius cf pers...j rarieu3 departments : ;e::3 h iL 3 - . . - ' : t ''-- - r ' 7 .vhib tho ce.r.mea 1 . 'ef.ne3 tl.3 rights cf . leaving much Ij I y statute ho r, :h:z: r. tained and enferc: i, ::. . cf civil govern- - r.t ! - - 'Mi rr.::.;. rr.: :-::7 Common law 13 t: : thrchiuM!. it 13 r: ::: United State?, wh:r while each State I r.3 c laws, peculiar to it::'. A Ci3i:n:t;en mu:: a.-Tj u c r.:l c :r d-.i :3 c.l n. Vf'o hir? c:r between what are t:r what termed cur ri-h tain dutie 3 which 1 to tha government .3 r:t:2i3. fcr wh;:h we are duly ccrnp:.i;ed cy U3 pret:; tion of cur lights y that g'JTtrn.;;:nt. A. duty is something ..l.::h W2 ovro ar;ht . i3 something which' belcng3 to 1:3; it ii curs legally, and if needle w3c-.rsr::;rt to the law cf ths bnl to maintain it. The enactments cf a legiilatnra zti called statutes. The leg:?'.xtu:3 is a body cf men in a Stata which hi3 ths power cf making law3. In Ecms States it is called tho General As::mh!y, ia others the Legisla'ire. That legiilithcj body ia which i3 vested ih.2 perrtr cf making the laws cf tha Ucited S'at;3 h called the Congress. Although the power cf making la?. 3 h vested ia the legislature, yet tha legis lature 13 not supreme. Tha sup re. r.3 power is ve?ted ia a constitution.' This is the great let'ity or.d efficacy cf Amer ican governments. The constitution cf the United Stat 5 is the supreme Uw c ihe land, and .." !?gislati?a enactmer.j, both of the Sute3 and cf the United States, must conform to it. In Enghni the legislative V:iy cf her Parlimeni is supreme, there being no written ccnr.i tutloa ia thai c :-c.ry. This is net tha case ia the United States. Here tha legislature of each and every State rnuit ia all their deliberation? conform, first to the constitution cf the United States, and then to the constitution of it3 particular State. If any statute passed by any State legislature i3 aa infricgraent ca either, it 13 void. The power to deter mine whether or cot aa act of the legis lature is unconstitutional, rests entirely with the courts, any declaration fcf tha' legislature to the contrary notwith3tand- ' ing-. To controvert this would be to ad mit the supremacy of the legislature.- It would be makicg the power cf tha agent greater than that cf tho p rinoipaL The officers cf the government ara merely agents cf the- people ; to do car-' tain thing3 which are defined and limited : by the constitution, and to it they must conform. The legislature is continually acting upon all tha great interests cf society, and continually introducing soma thing new in the great machinery cf human government. They are liatla to be swayed by popularprejudice and J art ' passion. It i3 therefore necessary that there should be a limit to their power, which 13 the constitution. Thi right an 1 power of the court3, which Ts too firmly established to be disturbed. 13 a gteit ' triumph in favor of constitutional liberty. A statute take3 efiect from it3 pisoaga when no time is established by tha pro visions of the statute it?elf ; th:3 13 cow the rule both in Englang and the Unite! Stales. This rule in many instances ap pears to be unjust ; fcr it 13 impocjihia ia most cases for the peep! and particularly of the Ui have a knowledge cf tha exiutsnoa cf & law until scmetima after its passage, for the reason it 13 generally provided that the statute thall take eilect ai sen: a fu ture Jdate. It is necessary that tizrj statute should take effiect at s:m lif: certain, whether it hii reached tha knowledge cf the people cr not. If ths time cf takin? eject wis to ba deoiiei by their kncIedjs cf in exhtanoe, it disposed to evada the law, to 7r plezi ignorance, which 13 ia direct cppojttic to the reason cf law. Ia the construction cf taf3t:s it is & general rcla that jts rtem'nj is to ba derived from a vi2w c: tha r,h:Ia stat ute. They are to be underotrnd aroordi inj to tb.3 meet natural ttnd ch7:ou3 meaning cf the lan-ui-c. If tha w-rdj ! cf the statute are cf common ucn, the? are to la taken in their p!a!a, natural sense. If the words nro teohn-cil, th.pv are to be. understood ir. a. te:kr.!:s.l izzt, And whn a statute is unders toe J, aniij not unoonstituiicnil, it is tin i jr. J, ."c;I rrnn retnaia in lull force until i; u iz ! peaied cr set asiia by tha :.ma po:vr, . US aU.l u .x.. im - it. ,v i ,
