V -Vf (S.J "
. s) . -i
I i is is i ! fs
(
HATES OF ADVEnTIlNG.
One square (tea lines or 5r?sone ic.w.ioa X! SI
h additional insertion - i
liusin-ss card,six line o:r Ies oce year 19 C
One column cnevear - - ill CI
0a bU' ttamo aeyear - - J 64
One fourth I coluatnone tea? 33 ft
Oua eighth coluataone jtil - ' 21 C)
One column tx month . bl) C
Gue balf column S X moo tl JJ 83
Oai fourth c lnun ia tw.titrs 21 04
One eighth rolunio eta tt.'fctU la D$
Uue eiu uia three irmatb 30 03
One bli column a ix m ntb - , 21 09
duo fcurih eolumnthre months 15 t
One eijth'h c!uino three iBurtihs 11 f 9
Anoum-irK candidates fur n'-Tice - H
Al! tMnsienl advertisement must 1-e rail ia
vanue.
Yearlj advertisements rjuarterlviu advance.
All kind of Job. liH.kand Car l j.rinii'S, d. ue ia
lEBRASKA ADVERTISER;,:
CZO W. HILL & CO,,'
jdTertiter Clock, Uatn St Between 11 2d.
Ay
W w S"
Subscription, must invariably, be raid iaAdvance
j- Book Work, and Plato au4 Fancr Jb Work,
LIBERTY AND. UNION, ONE AND INSEPARABLE. NOW AND FOREVER.'
.neiotbe beat tr!e. and on abort notice.
VOL. IX.
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, JANUARY 10, 1865, "
NO. 18,
11 m t S
9
i v n l
Ay
II. C. TUUKMAN, .
'TSDilaD IWM,
jKOJV.Vl'ILLE, XE BRA SKA.
Tol9-n2-Ij-rd
j'jinry & Dross-making
BISS E. l HARRIS,
Vihei to inform tbe ladiei of nrownrHle and
initT tba: Kb basju-'t cominenr ed a fir.t class
ILLINERY & DRESS MAKING
Ther. work will bs dme with grpat care and
inM.iid aftr the lute-t Eaxturri atylei.
!ifbin and rPT'S'rinp done Jn the Terr bet
rand n h'Tt ii'ie. Ifw cull at the regi
cc f..riiirlj j-w'H'iod bv J. V. "(ilimnii.
r..wt.v.!!e. Mtr IH'H.
TTITcH Hi TIME SAVES
I.OI IS M ALDTl'n,
nt bin i- ft t-. rfdj iH-rform ill -frk,r-
'ii 1 tt bi biifiln-i1.
mii I jutintip.ij. eliiinj. and trwr banz-
rtc. t .lirt notice. Hnd the m'wt ajipn.ved
r. T'T'n't'ah (Ji bun a cull.
h'.p ..ii Min Siret, at of Atkinoi'a Cloth-
"Mufti.
r,,wnnl!", A(.ril 7. ly. .. .
B. C. HARE'S
..-;. .; (.. i prf i'i.rr.1 f o
a i:j ix Pliotograpliit,
'1 ! Pi'
' - 1
-'I .
. , .. .
w, .(!. t'-k of Albums
tii ri !e tn.iiu Strt-ot op;v.'
i ye yill do el I t
! H-.rfc ! lie elsi-wliPi e.
, ' rl.i.il in i! "oj in
-, , it., i;
r Ii.I l.l ilrt'll'
M.Tt --"Pi'ii, or pHiii re
diefi.
josr.riK i.. RV
IAUKER AN?) Itil:;-;)11KSS0I.
n .si..ojiniiiit' i'. O. iVddiiik; b-t. lt an 1 2d.
i-rr ' "i'fi -o tii-i j.a'rons (or fnrnji-r liberal
pa, aai ti!I on band rradj to abavt
conaai d..-.-! hair in tbeburt atyle.
. . A,.ii 21. fi4. n33-8-ly.
CHAS. G. DOUSEY.
GR0WNT1LLE. NEBRASKA.
nT2v8yly
. BTJBiVVART, M. P
rHYSiCIAMUKD SURGEON.
OPI-'IC23
h E!t ern.r of Mio and Piest Street
IIROU'KTIT.I.n. ir----
Hi,!, ana i io i
. . . n J 1 iO
" 7','r. m
IO'l ,l J, l .
n i i : ' . .'t'" - - r. . J
S. HUUiNS, 31. a.
IYSIC1AN & SURGEON !
7omalia, City, . T.
OFFICE AT HIS RESIDENCE.
'vrS.ni n!7-v8-pdly
V. M. 0. PERKINS,
at Western Photograph
rst t- Vnt of Bra-iiviHe Houss.
in: OWN VI 1.1.1 N. T.
?A rvpM (fully nii.mnre to lb public ht h
"l 'iji a Skv I.islii r,.0Ty. anil in now on-pared
t every Mre mid style or pieiui c-k known i..
' niil 1 ttie liiiest jnl niot apcrovetl siylp
lownr ki. es t'M'i any oil.fr anisf p.-tof S
Tti- K wi.iiiii-.' .ictnrH will flu.) it Krfiatly tc
nrrp-i i th i Hint xuiiuiie Lis sieiiiietu and
iwiore R.'inj .spwhf re
luvlaor 1'iciiires cop,ied injtn Photo
pnjli?.. - U-7-Snis
WARD W. THOMAS,
.MUrtHtY AT LAW,
LICITUll IN UIIANCKItY,
Olflrp c-rnr -f Ms, in, nfs, street..
if OWN V LU:L Nliu ASK A.
'all Ppsr Wall Paper !
Ulitly on li..i Harem's Tailor Suon, .J
LOI'IK U4LIITCH,
r-hmifiii.w d of in u,t m.i ai r-vat Hyie. ar.d
if t ih i rnis
Jii.ll m IrVdj U Jlhhll
ILfilrvJgRY GOODS!
' . ' uic the 'a.Iies of tt ownville and vt
"''' ,1"t 'o baa iut -cccived from the
Kt a tnsinceut hiy k ,.t
AND. WINTER MILUKEEY O30.BS,
Oni.tiiOn uf
' and JJies' J'TrmetP and H& s, Ilibt
bons. Fit ty era. &c-
1 he invite the attem ion of the ladies, feet
rM they caauut te better sotted in style, qnai-
n4l-ty
lsu iji tir.vis,
TORNEY AT LAW,
FALLtt CITY, KEEURKA.
V.l practice in all ike Courts jf KeV."
New Remedies fox
iPERMATORRHGEA
VARD ASSOCIATION
PHTTjADriLPHTA.
"olent 4rttitv4ion ntablmhed by tfecial En
f for fe Sifi of tht Sick ani Dittretsed.
yrUh fitment and Chronic Du'atet, and
"7 for tit Cure of Diseases offts Sexual
t. - . .
ICAL ADVICE Siven cratis, by tbe Acting
Report s on 8perrrtrrha, and other dia
be Sexual Orcans; an4 on tbe NKW REMK
loyed io tbe IUpenai3,sent In sealed lettei
.freeof cbargt. Twoox-UreStaujpg accepu
PI. t. SEIT.LTN HOrflHTrrff Ttoward' At.
Vo 3, Souta KiDtb Street, Pht-;elpbia, Pa.
V -
. After Maryland, Mtesosrl.
Sleeping or waking, which brought ma tha riioa
Out of tbe mctical cloud-Uui of dreamt
Out of some mjiticallrram-land Elysian ?
Uaauiiful, martyred ilioari itacaim.
Stay till I paint ii, still fret-h with, tba mornirg.
Era the buds bloin, tba dew flies away,
Era tbe ist Cu b ai.d iLe biauty of dawning
Melt in tba blaze of tbe fast coming day.
Feet that are standing though naked and bleed
i"g, On tha rough m uuuin top gained by their toil,
Fatigue, nur dacger nor wtarinees buedicg,
Thrilling with lila that is churning the soil,
Gaiueiitsall battle-warn, blood-stained, reveal
ing Blowing far ba k in the wild mountain wind,
New.erutl scars that seek vaiuly .conoeahug,
bears were won la tbe struggle behind.
Sun'iht jugt gliding the mountain tip boarr,
iJeLind aud around bar, tha gritu clouds of
njght
Eagerarms aitretcbcd out toward the gl id glory,
peauiiful fae all ablate witn tne light.
Ah our omu Maryland ,'bva.ring tbe b.inor
Now in glad earnest tbe fl ig t the freft,
Shout from the ea-nbore ajoiul Kooanua,
Lo! sOji? friugiug to Frocdaui aud tboe.
A. U.
PUUosophy for Hie IJIscarded.
Ve?, he was fa'iie-bearte.i,a-i every one kows j
hhe wa4 won by another's mu-ta. ht- and pelf ;
And 'ball I rcgrt-t tlutt be pay for:b tbes
Or sigh thai bmra whole bd to loysell' ?
P.o you tbir-k 1 should w-ep when I foot up my bills
And find no item of 1'nnthers aud lace.
Of cotton andchno iue, trimming? anu frills,
Of coreet!1, and bustles. or rouge for the face T ,
Should grieve that the dear one once fondly ad. red
Now teats the new broom, on another man's h- al ?
Should I moura when my rival ''comes diwu" for
ber board,
And leng to fork over tbe greenbacks instead ?
Should I languish and pine when I travel by railf
Because I'm nut buried in "trap" to the ears?
Should I bauker eeh night tor ?n infantile wail,
And yearn to buy whiailes for nine little dears T
Should I strive in gin-cocktails to drown such re
grets, Should I take brandy-smashes to aaah np .
woes
Should I take to horse -racii.g, or venture fl-
ts.
Or seek consolation in six""
aud, qcore at the Bowery d.ances
'Caue he was caught first in the conjugal bauds
,h, ne ! lie may live with bis "package of lauciex,"
With my thauks that he's takeu ber oiTirooi my
band.
The Celebrated tacLer Rabbi Meir,
! at Lduri,,e f w of Sabb dy
hi me jjuuiic m:iiuoi, tiairvjcunj me peo-
pl. Duriog his absence from the house,
hi two sons died, baih of theui of tin-
comniun beauty, and enhj;htetied in ihe
Jaw. His wife bore thttn to her bed
chamber. laid iftetu upon the i:farria;;e
L J J J '
oeu, ana spreaa a wntte covering over
their bodies. In tbe evening the Rab
bi came home.
She reached him a gotlet. He prais
ed the Lord at the going out of the Sab
bath, drank and asked .
Where are my two sons, that I may
give tnt-m" my MttMug? Irptaiediy
looked around the fxhool, and djd not
see them there. Where are my sous
t!.at they loo may drink of the cup of
TJiey will n: be far off." she said.
and' piaced food before him, that he
mihi eat.
ll was in a, gladsome, and genial
mjod, and when ' e h-td al j.frace after
meal, th thu adureed him
Kalibi, with thy permission 1 wovtl-1
t a lit prop jo thfcL- one (juestion."
it iheii my love." he r i-ljed.
A few days ag a person entrusted
some jewel to tiiy t:u-tudy; now he dt
in it is iii i;i gair. Should I yive them
Up?
Th'si6 a t,u slion." faiil Ral bi Meir,
which my wife j-h-'tilif n t l:ave thouuht
it neees.-ary to ak. Wjat! wouIdVt
tl O'. h iiat,or' be rih.ctant to tetcre
to very on.- hi own ?"
"N he replied ; lut yet I thousht
u lefi j) t tn riibTp thetn without ac
q'lHinttnu yo'i ih-re wi'h."
She thei Ird him to the chamber, and
.'t' f pu: to the btd tonic the white cuy
enng tram the dtaJ bodies.
Ah. nty sons, my sqqs!" Iptully- la
mented the father. "My mhis, the light,
f vr.y tja sou the iijht of my under
standing ! I was your father, but you:
were my teachers in the law."
The mother turned -away, and wppt
bitterly. At length he took her hus
band by" the hand, and taid : j
Rabbi, didst thou not teach me tht
we must not be reluctant to restore tht
which was intrusted to our keeping?
See, the Lord gave, and the Lord taketh
away, and blessed be the name of the
Lord." '
"Blffsed t tho name of the Lord"
echoed Ral bt Meir; "and Mf ssd be his
name for thy sake, too,, for well is it
written, "Whcso hth found a virtuous
wife hah a greater trea.ure than costly
pearls. Sh openetb. her mouth . with
wisdom, and in her topjue is the law cf
kinduess."
ANNUAL MESSAGE
OF GOV. SAUXDEnS
To tht TerJh Session of the Legislature of
tne Territory oj Jtbraaka.
It is with great pleasure, that I again
greet you, as the immediate representa
tives of the people f Nebraska, in your
capacity as Legislatots on the occasion, pf
your annuaTmeetiog. Since you closed
your labors a year ago, events, fraught
with the most momentous consequences,
not only to our common country but to
mankind, have occurred, in rapid succes
sion. The struggle for the maintenance
of the integrity of our nationality, and
the perpetuity of cur free institutions,
continues. Our own Territory, hitherto
exempt from the commotions and calam
ities incident to a state of war. baa been
invaded, and our peaceful homes threat
ened with desolation by the ruthless sav
qjs of the Plains. Yet, in reviewing
the events of the ypar which has just
plqsed, we have the greatest reasons for
the expression of profound gratitude to
the Supreme xv)er for our signal f rhrnphs
over the public enemy for our compar
ative exemption from the horrors, and
atrocities attendant upon Indian warfare
and for our general prosperity as a peo
ple. The rtbel armies have been re
peatedly defeated, with terrible lo.ssesof
men and material, and the lines of the
insurgents have been driven in at every
point ea?t of the Mississippi; while the
Athnup and (Julf costs have been almost
hermetically sealtd by our powerful anc
efficient Navy, against the piratical com
merce which, duriLg the earner history
of the Rebellion, was so successfully
carried on between domestic traitors aud
foreign sympathizers, stimulated by av
arice and cupidity. West of the Missis
sippi, if our succes has not been so de
cided and gratifying, we have at leat
steadily maintained our position, and ev
ery attempt of the rebel armies to mvd
iue tujar 6iate3,-1ias been ngnally and
disastrously defeated, puriujr ti.is pm
ofl, (if we except thm of Arkansas on
the Red River.) ifie Union armies have
met with no serious repulse. At minor
points, trivial reverses have occurred iq
our arms, in a few instances; but , the j
general results has been decidedly fa?
vorable to the great cause of Union and
Freedom.
This was for . the preservation of our
National Life, aithough protracted
through more than three years of bloody
strife, is at length happily di awing to a
tjase ; and recent events wxuld teem to
n livme, with ahiiost mathematical cer
tainty, that the end cannot be it.r in the
future. Slowly, but steadily an: surely
the Uuion armies are exhausting the
strength and resources of the rebel for
ces. Their lines are being rapidly con-
traded thetr ranks decimated, beyond
the potsibslity of recuperation, and the
spirit of the rriisguided masses has been.
trokeu. To-day tne so-caljed confed
eral y cannot rightly claim to control one
hilt the Territory embraced within its
limit a,t the commencement of the Re
bellion. Our Armies and Navies almost
-compi'ss them, while one of otirgreaedi
(jieneraB, with his victorious colums, has
march d through the very heart of the
Empire State of the South., lrrn the in-
lt nor to the coast, and captured ilt niost
populous and importanv commercial city
In the rebe luus district, almost without
opposuu. lhese sigtuhrant lacts leave
no room to doubt that at an early period
the Mjptemacy of the Constitution and
the Law will be restored in every por?
lion of the country thus establishing
buimn liberty qlike in the South and in
the North, and vii.dicating the capacity
ot the people tor stlf-govermuent.
The result of jh recent election for
President and Vice president of the
United States, indicates that the people
fully comprehend the character of thJ
ontest. and. that they are ready to make
any sacrifice of men and, treasure neceV.
sary to secure ultimate triumph. To the
friends ot the Nuticmal Administration
If afford peculiar cause of congratulation;
indicating, as it does, that the Amt rcau
people endorse the principles and policy
whipji have controlled the President in
administering the affairs of the General
Government in the midst of the most gi
gantic and formidable Rebellion kuown
to history.
I congratulate you on the terrnintttion,
of the Indian war on our own frontier,
which for a time, tince the close of your
last session, disturbed the quiet which
had hitherto prevailed in our Territory,
and created the most serious apprehen
sions for the safety of the exposed set
tlements on pur western and norths
lord rs. J'rcm facts which have come
to the knowledge of :his dpartmeni. it
is (Jeemed certain that these India n dep
redations and distuibances vere the re
sult of combined action between several
tribes, instigated, aided and:our.iee by
lawless white men who hope to share in
the plunder which would result from their
robberies and massacres. It is by no
means certain that these coadjutors of
the sivages were not. the eniiissaries of
the rebel government, prompud to their
inhuman work by the hope of treating a
diversion in favor of their wating cause
in the Sou-h.
Portions of the Sioux, Cheyemes.Arap
ahoes, Kiawas. Camanches anl Apaches,
were evidently confederate! for the
purpose of attacking the fronter settle
ments and emigrant trains in Nebraka.
Kansas.,Colorado, and Suuth-eistern Ida
ho. Suddenly and almost simdtaneously
without the slightest warning.ranchmen
at.rl Pmicrrnnts were attacied at no
less thin four diferent pin, remote
from each other, t! us prorirp, beyond
Hie possibility of doubt, that thi plan had
bepq matured, and the co-opptration of
different tribes secure in tht work of
destruction,.
The necessities of the Genffal Gov
ernment had caused the wiihdrrwel. from
time to lime, of nearly all th United
States troops stationed in this Territory
for its deferce ; so that when the out
break commenced we possessec no ade
quate force to suppress it. The few
United Stales volunteers withinreach did
their duty nobly. The Nebraia First,
rendered illustrious by so inanyrilliant
achievements in the South andthe Sec
ond Nebraska Veteran, Cavalry prompt-
Jy responding to tjie call of tie Execu
tive," moved at once to the post a danger;
and the Militia, with equal alacrity, hast
ened to the relief of their brethren on
the more exposed frontier, a.nd the vemi
grants upon the plain?. . . - ' .
There eilorts were crownef with sub-.
stantial success. The feeble settlements
were protected from the imptjndirg dan
ger, the Indians, with very few excep
tions, were driven from our iorder, and
the various lines of coimnuncation be-
. i
tween the Missouri river and the moun-
taiqsanp! mining districts of j the West,
were again opened to the trtveler aud
emigrant. i is lobe regreted thil
these sqvages were not more severely
punished, to as to effectually deter thepi
frtsm a repetition of their barbarities in
the future. But considering th-i number
of troops available for the purpose,
the result cf the campaign furnishes the
people of the Territory abutident reason
for congratulation.
The militia engagedin ?ff "Ilirg, these
hostile savages, were prWidi with sub
sistence, tran3poftation,ainu::iticn, and
ordnance stores, by the Federal military
auihorities ; but in no case he 'hey re
c.eivpd compensation of their p J s n.al se
vices or for services of the h'; r?es fur
nished by them. I therefo, urgently
recommend that at early prio i
a -
of vour
present session you provide, by 1 law for
their full and jisi compensatori ffor these
eryices. Congress, will dqu,U$ i. promjptr
ly re-imburse the Territory. fJ r these
expenses, when, the question ih! HI prop
erly b.e presented for its act'o ; and 1
therefore respectfully suggest ht pro
vision be made for an early sa 1
of these just claims, in order ?1
gress may be enabled to a,pt tir'
as a a -
berofe the close of the preset.i
In calling your attention to th
jects which more immediately e
interest th people of the Tern"
in the first place appropriate atu
ef tha; I should refer to our finau
fairs J and I do so with pride qnf 1
tire, wh-;n t cjmrast our present ;
tion with what it was a few yea!
agi.
i was
w i.
.'.lolly
jur, is
ref
y dol
'. vide 4
..' I a - j
Then the Territorial indebtedbe;
very little -if any less than it t f
with at least three-fourths of it v
unprovided for by qny available res
whatever. Now, as will be seen I
erence to the Auditor' report, e 2.
lar of cur Territorial debt, is 1
or, and most of it in process,of
tion. f
Arfifirdinrr fn t?iA AiJlinp'j'-
IS-
urer's reports which : are J
mi; tee the whole amount ofi
ing debt ns follows:
Outsta ndqig warrantr 1
cer;ificats unredee"
the loth of Dic
AmH of rS
l5?K
ila"7'
!em
Con
l them
--ssion.
; sub-
' u and
y-:t '
ial af-
And contingent appropri
ations of last Legislature, not
yet drawn for ;
2,137 25
Making our total inlebt
ednes - . 57,839 36
To'meet thi rndebtedness
there, is in the hand.) of the
Territorial Treafurer, : cash
belonging . Iq the General "
Fund, . S SS3 37
Cah belonging to the Sink,
ing Fund and to he applied
in reducing outstanding bonds 6,249 40
Taxe now due and in pro
cess of collect' m 52,256 95
Funds in hand of county
Treasurers ar.d due from ths
general Government
2,664 30
T til rr source
C2.053 02
Beinr; an exces of resour
ces over liabilities, of S4.193 66
From this statement of . the Auditor it
will be seen that if the taxet be prompt
ly paid, every dollar of our resent in
debtedness may be paid within the pres
ent y'eaf. .
I take pleasure in calling your atten
tion to the valuable ?uggesiions made by
tl e Territorial Auditor and Treasurer.
If the recommendations of the Auditor
in regard to perfecting the Revenue Law
be carried into effect, I think there will
be no necessity for making any increase
in tbe present rate of taxation, for, in
my judgement, the increase in the valu
ation of property w.ll bring upon the
grand levy an amount sufficient to meet,
at the existing rate of taxation, all. de
mands, upon the Territorial Treasury,
uniess, it be "thought proper to make ap
propriations from the Treasury for ob
jects not heretofore contemplated.
I called your attention, at th4? last ses
sion of the Legislature, to the propriety of
providing by law., far the relief of sick
and wounded soldiers, a,nd he. families of
suldior ii th ti-ilJ, au4 the, vyiduvys aod
orphans of th se wh j h iva fallen in de
fence of their country. . Permit me again
to invite your attention to this subject as
one, in my judgement, worthy your inosi
serious and earnest consideration. Aluy
of the soldiers in the field are meu ot
limited means ; and all must adiujt that
$16 pur month, even when promptly and
regularly paid, is a sum too. small, in
these ti.ijes ot high prices, upou which
to support a family. The times are pros
perous, and those who remain at home
and enjoy this prosperity should not com
plain :f they were taxed to a small
amount, if found necessary, to properly
support the families of the brave soldiers
who have periled everything, even .life
iiself, tq sustain and support our Gov
ernment, or to place beyond want tbe
widow, and educate the orphan of those
who have fallen in s defense.
The report of the Adjutant General ot
the Territory will be read with geueral
interest. Owing to the fact that but fe w
papers were lett in the otfice by the Ad
jutaut General, previous to and at the
commencement of the present Rebellion,
it was impossible to m.ake a, lull report
of all the i.thciaj acts in that department
since the commencement of the Rthellr
ion. Muon valu.itde. and, important in
formation is, to be found in his report, to
yhica your attention is rtfp.ectifully in
vited. .
I herewith submit, for your examination,
the annual report of the Territorial Li
brarian. This report exhibited a very
satisfactory increase -in tlie aumber of
volumes in our Library the aggregate of
which now reach 13,733. A few vol
umes belonging to the Historical depart
ment have been, lost. The " Librarian
very properly recommends that the n-i-sing
volumes be replaced by others while
they may be procured at reasonable rates
thus preserving un unbroken series.
In this recommendation I most cordially
unite, and trust that su. h action may be
had during your present session as wiil
enable the Librarian to replace the lost
volume?.
No people within the jurisdiction of
tbe United States are more deeply in
terested than the pforle of Nebraska in
the. success of the principle of justice
yhich prompted Congress to enact tbe
"Homestead Law." 13utthe experience
of every settler on the frontier, has
taught bim that the priuciple underlay
ing that bei.t fiftnt enactmeLt is rot ;;!-
"V rrinrJ nut its bv orovision. The obict
s aaav-v w w J W . i ' ' 1
:e law was to open up Public Ltud,
use of cultivators of the soil at
M cost of survey aiid sale. The
Vw stands, is defective in this,
nmhibit' the siie of the
-CI"
""""i! occupied at the
dent speculators. This class ut eoi;ie,
either in perton or through thir agents.
-flock around the new settlement?, tine
purchase large quantities of lands ad
joining or near the Homestsads cf actu
al settlers, and hold them until the laloi
and enterprise of the' resident owners
have enhanced them greatly in value, ai;(5
thus reap large gains frim the labor of
those whom the law was, intended to pro
tect. I therefore reccom nend that you
memorialize Congress, durjpsf your pres
ent session, to prohabit ihe sale of the
Public Lands to nuy except such as shall
make proof that they propose to acquire
them for the purpose cf actual settlement
and cultivation.
Intimately connected with this sul ject
is another, of vast consequence to the
welfare and prosperity of the p-ople of
this Territory, which, in my judgment,
has not heretofore sufficiently etgaged
the attention of the people. I refer to
the tardy growth of many of our settle
ments on account cf the supposed deffi
ciency of timber. It is true that timber
is not as abundant in. many parta of ihe
Territory a. it ia in many of the Wes
tern States ; and yet there is more tim
ber in the settled portions of Nebraska,
in proportion to area and surface than in
some of the most wealthy and powerful
Stats of Europe. Cut granting all tLa
may be said on the subject of the scar
city of timber, have we no way by which
we cj;n insure, at an early day, the set
tlement and cultivation of our large aud
fertile? praries a,ni beauti.'ul valleys ?
I think we have simply by the ei actment
of a general Herd Law for the Territory.
Those who have already fenced their
lands, and are prepared lo retain their
stock from running at large, need not be
damaged or effected by such a law, wh'le
all .those who' may thus cultivate their
lands without the expense of fencing,
could .veil afford lo be taxed, lo a small
amount, for herding their stock. The
experiment of herding stock has already
been tested in several portions c( the
Territory, with complete success. Stock
has been found to thrive much betttr
when regularly grazed and watered, and
a much less per centnge is lost by estry
ing and otherwise.
This subject is, in my opinion, one
which claims your earnest and careful
consideration, and I therefore trust you
will give it that attention which its im
portance demands. I can think of no
other possible way by which you can do
?o much towards securing an early set
tlement of our rich prairies an causing
them to be cultivated, as by securing,
through Congress, all the Public Lands
to the actual settler, and enacting a gen
eral Ilerd Law...
During the progress of the present
war. many thousands of the slaves, of the
South? who nave, as a consequence or tne
wr, been liberated fratn the tends of
human slavery, b?ve been thrown upon
thp clianties of our Government. They
must either have the necessaries of life
furnished to them, or ihey must suffer.
Jt was no fauli of these people that they
were hld in bondage, and it certainly is
no fault of theirs that they are now free,
or that they come to us without money,
without property and without education.
Common humanity would say they should
be provided for. at least until they shall
be able to earn for themselves and their
families a 'comfortable support. The
general Government has done, and is now
doing, much to give this relief; but many
ot the wise and benevolent people of
our country have thought it proper to
rjdopt some measures whereby the Gov
ernment may, to some extent, be reliev
ed, and at the same time these people.be
protected and supplied with the neces
sary comforts of life. J do not advise
the taxing of the people or the taking f
any funds directly from the Treasury for
this purpose. If, however, irj your wis
dom, you can devise any means whereby
suitable labor can be fjrnished them,
and no opportunity afforded them to earn
an honest support for themselves and
their families, it would be'an act which,
I doubt not, would meet the approval of
your intelligent aud philanthropic con
stituency. !t now about two years since the
Proclamation of Emancipation was issued
and it has, 1 think, proven itself to be
not only a humane, but a wise prudent
and necessary Es?a?tire.
The rebels hav put fcnr laws t defi
ance the very laws whiclt were intend
ed to protect their slave property, and
have laughed iq scorn and trampled un-
'derfoot the Constitution under which
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' they claimed to possess their rights to
plainly tells us thai in-ri iier the sup
pression f the rebellion and Fti.itinj V.
tion must cro hand in hand, until thi
foe ehal! be conquered and every shackla
shall fall, and th oppressed permit
ted to go fre. Then shall our. country
be blessed 'with a pence which ?nti brin
with it a res'ored Union, with all the
blessings cf ivil and religious freedom.
Our enemies having "sown to the wind,"
must ' fftP th whirlwind."
It is scarcely necessary for me a-aint
to enter into at. v leruil y argument ia.
favor of the building of a Penitentiary
in our Territory. That subject ha bea
discussed in my former messages to your
body, and alio bj tnost, it not all, of my
predecessors, in office. 1, h.v,YeT! ?4
vise you to continue to press the subject
of an appropriation f r this object, upon
the attention of Congress, in the hop
that it may receive favorable action at
the hands of that body at an early p
ricd. Aside from the necessity of. hav
ing an institution of this Vrid, for tha
welfare and stfety of titi hw-abiding
people of the Territory, there is a great
necessity for it in behalf of the' general
Government. At present, all persons
charged with oflenses against the gen.c.
lal Government are. cf necessity, sruard:
ed, until trial, at a heavy expense to the
Natio ml Treasury, and after con rtion
the prisoners are ordered to be taken,
for confinement, to one cf the Stat pris
ons, more than 700 miles distant from
the Territory. A 1 this expense might
be saved o the Federal Tretsury if the
liberality were shown to Nebraska by
Congress, that has usually been extend
ed to the Territories. .
I must be permitted; to .re.pectfuVy
call your attention to our Terri;br(al Mil
i,tia. This, law is in many re.p.jcts quit
defective, and should, in ry opinion, re
ceive seme attention at your h."nds. Tha
urgitnic Act oi trie territory proviuej
that the Governor shall be Co mm an r
in Chief of the M.litia,; but it is cer
tainly proper and right that the Legisla
ture should provide for properly organiz
ing aud drilling the Militia, aud alct'
make provision for mounting a,nd equip
ping the men, when called inta actua
service. When the late call was mule
for troops to assist in protecting our fron
tier s-ttlers. from the savages, I foui d
myself obliged to rely entirely up.-m.ih
patriotism and liberality of the people ia
order to raise and equip a sufficient f jree
to gle reiiei u l"u euuenu jienjiio.
The law regulathg the enrollment of
the Militia of the Territory also .need
amendment. Iiner-hais mtjht be pro-
per to make it confirm, as nearly as pra,?t
ticable, to the laws of Congress, 30,.
we may be enabled. a,t any time,
termine the number of Militia, in tbg
Territory which would I p "'fii",t : 7- '
nary iiuty under the laws and regulations
of the general Government.
It will be gratifying to you, and the
pepple of ihe Territory, to know that tha
work on the Qrent U.noa Pacific Rail
road, which js to pass through the entire
length of Nebraska, is progressing at a
very commendable rate. The work of
grading, bridgir g and preparing ties, . is
progressng much more rapidly thau hal
been anticipated by our most janguiaa
people. I feel fully authorized to sary
that, unless 5m$ unforeseen misfortune
attends this gre:.t enterprise, more than
fifty miles of road westward from Omar
ha, will be in readiness for the crs bei
fore ypur next annual meeting. Not
only is this great work progressing at
this end of rout?, but the following no
tice of the wjrc, taken from President
Lincoln's late message to Congress, vyilj
.-how th?tt the people at the Western ter
mitious of the line are aUo pushing on
"The great sn'erprise of connectin?
the Atlantic wi:h the Pacific bv railroad
aV
aiid telegraph lines has been entered up
on with a viiTor that rives assuranca of
0 f
success, notwithstanding the embarrass,
inents arising from the prevailing higJi
prices of materials and labor. The rouu.
of the main line of tht road has been
definitely located for on hundred mil?" .
wPstvvnrJ frnm tr-Piniiinl nio'iSt at Dm th s
City. Nebraska, and a preliminary loca
tion of the Tii :ific Railroad vf Calif or
ti ia has been made from Sacramento east
ward to the gr;t ben? o Mucker river;
Nevada." . . .
An'-ihe line cf railroad, which is de
signed toconctct with'this route wnhir
the limits of our Territory, has recently
been surveyed on the south s de of ths
P'a'te river. This line is dei gnpd to b
aa extension of the Burlington aud Mis
souri River Railroad, and from the fay
rabla reports mde by th rnjinja:?,
vo non-resi- hold slave property. The logic cf events'
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