SiTUEDIT Br
' . 1 R. FISHER, J
Story Stricfcler's Block, Alain Street,
.3
EEOWNVlLIiE, H. T. , ;
f . .
; -
AS & FISHEtl
pirOPRIETOKS.
TEH MS s '
-t If paiJin-dmnce, - - -..-.$2 00
""yl. if Lidsttbeendof 6tnentb - 60
" .. " " 12 00
"ft" or nifl're v' te furuisbeo' at $t 60 per
videliiie easb accompanies tbe order, net
. P'
t; S IN ESS CARDS.
- o n v r-v rv , A rv
3THE AFFLIClfED.
dr. A." GODFREY,
3YS1CIAN, SURGEON
jBSTE'f R I C I AH,
! in France, bavin twenfy-flre years' expe
JTrbe Vrdictl cince. aul one of tbe correpun
f tfca 'American Joirnalef tbe Me'licat Scien
fv lofteJ permanwMy In BrowuTille, and re
, MttPrvier hi professional services to th x;it
".'Jin, ci;v anJ vicinity.
" l nut oii fiiie Lis service to common practice,
fiA tie:n to chnmic iMases diseases of long
'V-Mi'.iirnant Tuniura and Sores Abscesses and
..Cancers and Sore Eyea, exen vartlal Blindness,
j CAmmonly called FalUns Sickueis, Fatsy,
T ii llvepy. Consumption in tbe flrsi and
';:e luanity in avme form, and Uieaea of
Vt Ml. ' Prucular atteution paid to Ague.
'if jeq.'eied, jrtve reference to those pro
! icuratle ifl tbe Ur.ited States, and arieryiardj
'Wfosnd at all honr, either ai H. C. Lett's
Siorf 0r at bis dwelling hoube, when not ennaged
afesiltttal basluess. . '. . V "toSOly
EEITHEYER & R0BIS0N, i
i MASUFACTCKEBS OF
'iBOOTS AND SHOES,
Kl BETWEEN FIRST ISO SECOND ITS.,
1 . IJROWNVILLC, S. T.
'jrlr.f reently purchased tbe Shoe Shop formerly
f;ty Wei. T. I'en, ce now gffer our work at great
fJtced r'irf We manufacture all that we offer
u'.t t3"All wnrk warrafliei.
i WLTi.iB, Sfi't. 27, lS6i. nll-Ty
C. F-STEWART, .
CLECT1CPHYSICIAN
SURGEON, .
SROWWILLG, .EHRASKA.
cxer H. C. Lett's Prug Store, Iltlladary's
, Main street.
AUGUSTUS SCHOENHEIT,
TTORNBY AT LAW,
SOLICITORS IN CHANCERY,
' Corner First and Main Streets,
ofTnYlHc. - - - Xcbraska
DWARD W. THOMAS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
)LICIT0Pw IN CHANCERY.
OSce corner of Main and First Streets.
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
THOMAS DAVIS, .
CLECT1C PHYSICIAN
- a m-
SURGEON,
'ABLE- ROCK, NEBRASKA
'. Jief'.-renoe, Dr. D. Gwin, Brtiwariile.
lpnl II. '!.
H LIOODY & SON,
1 1 AGARY H URSERIES,
LOCKPORT, N. Y.
Ttolesoie and Retail Dealejs in Fruit,
rait and Ornamental Trees,
AND SHRUBS AND
STOCK. FOR MJRSERYMEX.
I For Sale at Bargains.
TwoWn. 1 Shuttle Kjjpire Sewing Machines.
Cirs Frsnklin Family Sewinj Machine.
Twy lU'tace Water $73 Melodious.
!a Freeh's Comca Waehinp Machines.'"'
One No. I P. W Gates it Co.'s Sugar Cane Mills
'iporatert.
Afply at tbe Advtrtuer and Forme Office Browi
Harch Uia' 1861 : i j : ? - -
S L, t . t 9 .....
.1
D.
A. C O IS S.T A B
IMPORTER AKD DCALEE 19
L. E
IRON, STEEL, NAILS,
JASTLNGS, SPRINGS, AXLES, FILE
)- BEIiIiO WS,
HACRSMITirS TOOLS
Also Hnlis. Spokes, and Bent Stuff.
Third Street, between Felix and Edmond,
SAINT JOSEPH, MO.
which be sella st St. Louis prices ror cann.
- Highest Price Paid for Scrap Iron.
; December x, 1&69. ly.
; ' REAL ESTATE
I , . A N 1
CpJIcctiou Office
OF
! liRCVVN VILLI:, JNlLiUAbiv.
! Mait.Bftvxen Levte and First Streets. I
Particular attention given to the
1 . Purchase and Sale ol ucai
( Estate, .Uaklnff Col-;
' lections and
Payment of Taxes lor Xon-Resl-
denti.
i L1XD AREANTS FOB SALE, for cah and on
t!m
ii vn WAttRAXTS LOCATED for Eastern Cap
Ito!ista on lands selected from personal examination,
and a complete Township Map, showing Streams,
Tia.b'i.f. An., forwarded with the Certificate of loca-
. . '
lion, ; - ' ,
! lirownville.N.T. Jan. 3, 1861.
I V 3I3XE. DEMOREST'S
MIRROR OF FASHION.
t -Tbe largest, best and most reliable Fashion f i"
I 1 the wwr M. Coutraios the largest and finest Fabion
? ?!at ihm rrit.ioKt number of fine enRraviiiRS, the latest
I anl iQMt reliable information, three full-ied Patterna
I Jw Dres, and a sheet of new j5raia-wor ni
! IrorSerteip Pattern. Every Mother, Dressmaker, Mii
j br and Lady should have it. Published Quarterly ,at
f a Broadwav, Kew Tork, sold everywhere er seat by
i at S6 cents. Tearly $1, with a valaaala iwepio-
ItttsgstmwanibsrMW ready.
CLOCKS, WATCHES,' JEWELRY.
j. SCIIUTZ .
Would an'uonncetothecltisens ef Brownville
i and virinitv ih.t he has located niincii -
'iPm.iii. .,intniiikeeDlna a full assort.
kueut f 7ri-v,)noi iinAf -business, which will
o!d lew for cash: He will also do all kinds of re-
tont of clocks, watcbes and Jewelry. - All work war-
ranted. , . ' . vlnisiy
NOTICE.
Ae pubUc are tereby notified that tbe Indiana of onr
respective tribes are not permitted to fo beyond the
ot itieir ReservaUcns. without me wrmcu ii
"tssion of their inic! .it nersons are cautioned
tiaauw.rburin v.rr.nt Indians. Dne attention t
aoUce will enable us to detect the authors of dep-
k v Jtu anl prevent the recurrence of annoyances w
-Mi complaints are frequently made.
i i ;r" O. n. IRIMI, Omaha A;ent, ,
- .ji'I' J. r Kim. rtce Aeent. -
B. F. LtAHBAUGUl PawsM Atnt.
yxy
VOL. VII.
JOHIT L CAHOH. :
(Successor U Lushbaush &. Carson,
123 J S3T OL 'Oli H2. o
LAND AND TAX 'PAYING
Dealer in Coin,(Jnciirrcnt! Jloncg, Land
warrants. Exchange, and Gold -Dust
MAIN STREET.
I3R01V1VLI,E, SERRASKA.
1 will pixe especial attention to"bnylrg anl tel'lng ex
thangc on the principal cities of the United States an!
Europe. Gold Silver, uncurrent Bauk.Bil n, and
Gold Dust, Collections male on all accesabi( points,
atid proceeds remitted in eicbause at current riites.
Deposits received on current account, aud iuteiest al
lowed on special deposits. , ,
OFFICE, v
32AEV STUEET. 'CGT1TEE THE
Telegraph and . tlie U. S.
RE E R(EYC&S: '
Und &. Brother ' " ' - ' 1 " ' ' Philadelphia, Pa.
J. W. Carson & Co., . , s i :
Hiser. Di.k &. Co. . , Baltimore, Md.
Younic is. Carson, ..I , . '
Jeo. Thoiiii(K.uisso.i,Corr of Port, , . " i '
wm. T. Sniitbsoii, Eiq., Hanker, Waahinarto D.C.
J. T. Stevens. Esq., Att'y at Law,
Jno. S. Ga'Uber, Late 3d Aud, U. S. T
Tarlor it. Kriesh, Bauktrs, -
McClelland, Pye &. co., ! . -Hun.
Thomas G. Pratt, '
Hon. Jas. O. Carson, . .
y. B. Sinali. Kiq., Pres't S. Bank,
Col. Geo. Sibley, A'y at Law.- . . .
,i " . . " '
Chirac, Til. ;
St. Luis, Mo.
' Annapolis, MI.
ilerce'.tsburra
Hsipertiwn, Ml.
Col. Saai.UamUleton Att'y at Law,
Judce Thos. Perry,
Vrof. II. Tntwiler, .
F.88tmf Jld.
Cumberland, Jtd
Havana, Alabma.
Nov ii; l&KMf . '
BROWNVILLE
am fi-esrs1.
THORN, COL MAN, CO.,
' ' Announce to the traveling public that tfcelr splenllc
and commodious'Sieain Ferry running across from .
. Brcwnville, r; Nebraska.
is one of the best In every respect on tr t Upper, JTl.
sourl river. The Boat makes regular trips every hour
sotbat no time will te lost in wailing.
The banks on both sides of the river are low and well
graded which renders unloading unnecessary as is the
cateat most other ferrieo.
No fear? need be entertained a to difficulties at or r ear
tM crossing, as everybody in this region, on both sides
of the river, is for tbe Union the strongest kind.
Our tharces too an item these hard times ere lower
than at any other crossing.
Travelers from aar.sas to Towa and to tbe east will find
this the nearest and best route i" every respect. .
THORN. COLEMAN. & CO.
, Brownville, Nebraska, Sept. 21st, 1S6I.
J. WILSON BOLLINGER,
jSl TT O 3Et KT OES 1
c6lTNSELL0RD AT LAW,
General and Collectlnpr Agent,
BEATRICE, GAfiE CO., NEBRASKA.
WILL practice in thcseve-al Courts in Gnge and
adjoining counties, and will give pronj t attentior
to all business entrusted tobiin. Collactiong prompt
ly made. tST' articular attentin given to locat-
ng Land arrants on lanaa caret uny Beiectca
himielf.l
September 25, 'rjl.
n!2-y1y
. JACOB MABHON,
MERCHANT -TAILOR,
BROWNVILLE,
Calls the attention of Gentlemen desiring new, neat,
kervlcable and fashionable
WEARING APPAREL,
' TO HIS
HewStock of Goods
; JUST RECEIVED, . .
UEOAD CLOTHS, CASSIMERS, -TESTINGS, ac..&.C,
OFTUE VERY JL.ATETT STYLES,
Which be will sell or make np, to order, at unprece
lo.itm! Ion- nricea.
Those wihiua; any thin? in his une win iq wen o
call and examine fcis stock be'ore investing, as be
pierce himself to hold out peculiarly lavornDie n-
dncemcnts. ' ,
February 13th, 1862.
TIIC COM I.SS10S AMJ IJA-t'Iil
1JNCL OF A SUl'TLKLK. .
Publisbed as a warninz. and for the especial bene
fit of Youn? Men and those who euoer with JNcrvou
Debility, Loss of Memory, Premature Decay, Ac ..Ac,
by one of those who has cured himself by simple
means, after beinz put to srrejit expanse and ineon
venience. through" the n?o of' worthless mcdicinCa
prescribed. by learned Doctors.
Single eotica may uo nau oi xuo auiu'r, j. a.
LAMBERT, Esq., Gre'enpoint.Long Inland, by enclos
ing a. not-raid addressed .envelope. Addre??
CllAULtS A. LAMliEliT, Ksq-, Oreenpoint, Long
Island, X. l . . . . ;
May 22, 1803. n45-zm.
. one y k. d'Cfvix cod on '
T
PIKES' PEAK : GOLD !
t in rrtr Pile's Peak. G.14, aud advance
money upon tbe same, and pay overbalance of rrocee.l
.....Mmiruriii are bad. Ill all caen, 1 wi
exhibit the printed returna oi inw minuown
" , .... .-. : I O. .. Ui.,
ar Assay office.
I NO. L. C ARSON,
BULLION AXD EXCHANGE BROKER
BROWNVILLE, KIBiASKi.
nc20v4
Seeds Prepaid by MaiL
25 Prettiest Animals In Cultivation, - I10
p r-hi vepthie Seeds tor the Garden, -100
k. tArinbsof Five for 3; To Clubs of Ten for $15
w. rink. r.r Tm-wit V fcVr 525.' '
K VWw JAPAN H L Kl. WHO lllliurw ru!
.irinianiiK-henlun!; cents per larpe paper; Fiv
uuiot .iirwtfromJaDan.br the Niagara, last May
and can confidently recommend it s the best Millet iu
cultivation. . ..'""...
n3S-tf Old Colony Jkurseries, t-ijmouiu, .
To Western Farmers.
. , Tobacco . Ooocl.
. . -
1 hare several raricties cf Tobacco that willripnn
well in this latitude. To any one who wishes seed,
and remits me a three-cent l'ostage stamp, on iue
sme. I will send a taper cf escb vartety cf seed
GRATIS. . . ' .
Orders must be sent m the monvnsoi oepicmier
TO Wi:
and October. I do this to mtroauce mo cunuro 01
R. 0. THOMPSON",
Sjracnse, Oue County, Nebraska.
b'o' p.Im in'Miacnuri. Iowa. Kansas and Ne-
braska.'publiiDg Ihe above otce,and sending a No.
marked .will receive twenty iour , ,AZ.
er seeds fiee bv "nnil.
It.
PEAU TI1EES! I'EAU aa
1000 Standard Peat Trees, three to six feet high, at
20 per hundred, cash. 1 i ' " . -
6 OfH) nudson River Rvspberries, at $3 per hundred,
filoot Allen's Raspberry at $i per hulred. - -10
000 Wilson Albany Strawberry, at ;l pethnndred,
Plll"u.,."i- i..: . ei n.r hundred.
ltfO Black Prince Strawberry, at p-r hundred.
10 000 o' Vino' Cuttl.s, at 1 M. per thoosand.
Syr&cwK r. r., - ..
3
lyMOw
' . ... .lit-
.1 .- -I V
Ay:
4 - -
" ,'
-
"LIBERTY AND
BRO.WNYILLE, NEBRASKA; SATURDAY, FEBRUARY, 7, 1863.
CHraoo - Sltbttlistnunis.
. FROM C. H. 'SCRIVENY
GENERAL AD VEUTISING AGENCY,"
, , . NO. e3 DEARBORN STREET,
.CHICAGO. ILLINOIS.""' '
1662.;;'. i FALL TRADE. , , (1662
WEBER. WILLIAMS & YALE.
JOBBERS OF
FURS; BUFFALO ROBES,
- BUCKSKIN GOODS, &c V ;;
35, LAKE STREET,
CHICAGO,, ILL.
.... ? u v )- - . - ' - ' -rv - - .
TiTe have now in Store for Fall Trade the Largest and
hest Af sorted Stock in'onr line ever exhibited la this
Market, especially adapted to tho wants of Dealers
from all sections of the Northwest, and unsurpassed in
variety and choapnesi by any to be found WEST or
EAST. ....
Merchants who have heretofore purchased in. other
Market are especially invited t examine our stock
this seaport, and aie assured we are fully prepared and
determined to sell Goods as cheap, and on as favorable
terms ae tbe be.it class of Houses iti any Market. '
' OHDEBS WILL RECEIVE PROMPT PERSONAL
ATTENTION.,
CASH. PAID FOR RAW FURS,
. . . t . - : j
and Price List furnished by mail. '
WEBER, WILLIAMS Jo TALE.
Oct. i '62. El2-3ax
FAIRBANKS
, STANDARD i
SCALES
OF ALL KINDS.
Also, Warehouse Trucks, Letter
Presses, &c.
FAIRBANKS, GREEfiLEAF & CO.
1T2 LAKE ST., CHICAGO,
53"3e careful, and bur only the genuine. 5'
Juue 12th, 1SS3 n49-3m ' '. .;
JUST III TIME FOR
rOBACCO SEED GRATIS.
Sentf a three cent jnt rfflee stamp and tret six kinds
Tobaa:oSee1 (rratis. THOMPSON HEDGES..
Nov. 29tb, 1362. Syracuse, Xtbratka.
Okrd or Gumbo Seed.
The beH substitute for Coffee prepared In the same
Banner as Coffee. Packages of seed by mail at 10 cts.
acb. Each packase contains beed enough to raite a
ppply for an ordinary family.
Serid orders to a. A. TEKRT.
u33-tf , . ' Crescent City, Iowa.
FIUSIIIIIG, IV. Y., .
Will send to applicants who enclose stamps, their
New CataloK'ie of Small Fruits, including 20O -Select
Varieties of Strawberries-. Also Catalogue of Bulbous
Flowers and Pennies, Prnit and Ornamental Trees,
Roses and Flowerinsr Plants, Seeds, &c. n!0-2w
MilTOFACTUEING COMPANY."
DO YOTJ WANT
STE13I ENGINES OR BOILERS
patent sugar cakk mills,
Patent steam coil kvaporators,
patent fire kvaporators,
patent stamp mills,
FOR
PIKE'S PEAK OR LAKE SUPERIOR
SEND FOR CIRCULARS, . , ,
With Cuts, and Descriptions, Prices, etc., etc.
SAW MILLS, FLOURING MILL,
AND MACHIERT OF ALL DESCRIPTION.
t-SEND FOR CIRCULARS.
P'. W. GATES, President. '
N. B. Agents wanted everywhere. Chicaga
R.H.FURNAS, AGENT,.
Rrowuville, Nebraska,
Of whom Circulars and detailed Information can'
had. ' . - .
March 20, 1S62. Tn37-IyJ
LANDRETH'S
Warranted Garden: Seeds
BLUNDENt , KOENIG & CO.,
(Late John Gabkitt & Co.,)
No. 66 North Second Street, above Pine, r
' , ST. .LOUIS,' MO.V . "
Offer for sale st very low figures, a large end wei.
sfsorted stock of Agricultural and Horticultural Imple
ments, comprising everything necessary to the Farmer,
together with a laige and freth supply of
Landreth's Celebrated Garden Seeds,
CROP OF 1861, ; - ''
For which they are the sole agents. Their friends can
rely tpon getting from them seeds that are not only
pure but true name in every instance. Also field
teeds at lowest market rates Chinese Sugar Cane seed,
Tnhartn f-eed. Ton Ouions. &c. . &c. . Dealers in seeds
would do well to seud them their orders.
Send for Almanac and Illustrated Catalogue gratis
IiLUNDKN, KOENIG fc CO.
March 6, 18C2. ' l)351y ,
- 600.000 AGENTS,
MA LB OR FEMALE,
TO SELL .
LLOYD'S NKW STEEL PLATB COUNTT COLORM
' MAP Til K LilTltU SIATKS,
CAN ADAS, AND NEW BRUNSWICK.
From recent surveys, completed Aug. 10, 1S63; cost
a tn fion t. enarave it and one year's time.
Simerior to any $10 map ever made by Colton oe
Mitchell, and sells at the low price of fifty cents; S70,
000 names are engraved on this map.
It ia not only a County Mar, but it Is also a
COUNTY AND RAILROAD MAP
of the United St ates and Canadas combined in one, giving
KVERI RA1LKUAU OTATIUI
, y . and distance between.
an.rantee snv woman or man $ to $5 per day, and
will take back, all maps that cannot be sold and refund
the money. - ' - ,
Send for il worth to try.
Printed Instructions how to canvass well be furnished
all our agents. ,
E-.niAti Wholesale Agents f :f ear Maps In every
State, California, Canada, Bngland, France and Cuba.
a . fnrtsoe mar ee maao nu. nw.uuouiwi "
epital. N competition. J.T. LLOTD,
9 ' . . No. 164 Broadway. New Tork.
ml ir.r n.nartment uses our Map of Virginia. Mary
laad and Pennsylvania, cost $100,000, on which is
marked Middletown. Maryland Heights, Williamsport
Ferry Millbroo Milla, Noland's Fsrd, and all others
.,a the Potomac, and every other place In Maryland,
Vireinia. and Pennsylvania, or money refunded
VU . FRICK 26 CENTS.
. Vrom The Tribune, August 9.
ttr i,m Van of. Virginia Mary .and. and Pennsy iva
.... Thia ud is very large; its cost ia bat X5 cents,
audi fas bett which can be purchased.
al2-f9-St
Flower Seeds.
and of very superior juality,20 pa
vera of which will be sent (post-paid) by mail, toaay
T"u'-n i iiUT. Crel CHy.Iowa.
MtrA ltta, la Jai-S
l , t. J . . . J
UNION, ONE ANIfcINSEPEBABIJ3, NOW
liAWS OF tl'lE UNITED STATES",
Patted at the Second Settioti of the Thirty-weventh
PUBLISIIED Jiy,. AVTHORIT1ZV , -t '
REVESUE' LW. C0XCLUt)ED.
. : . .: Duly
, Dolls, eta
ManifeifcLyf.eastom-hoHsS ehtfy of blearadis
of, tho carjro.of any ship, .Te&el, or.steaujer, . ( .
; Tot a foreign fiort ' - ' - . '
If, the registered tonnage of tiuch ship, ves , 'j
"sel, or steamer does not exceed three ban.
dred toes, one dolUr.i . i. ... ' I 00
Exceeding three hundred toni and rot ex- . .,
' ceeding six hundred tons, three dollars 3 00
, Exceeding mx hundred tons, f ve dollars ' ft 00
Mortgage of land.-, estate, orp;opcrty, coal or
' personal, heritable of movalJe whatsoever, '
where.the satj)eb.nll he mud.3 "3ft securi- ; .,:
lty for the paytnent'of any d'lfiaite and cer-. ' '
jt t-in sum of mpney. lenf,at UiaVimo, prpre-";
vionsly due and owing or.forbornts to b. 1
" 'piid, being -payable : also any conveyance ' ' -of
aoy .lands, estate,. or property whatioev. ;
' er, in trust to bo sold or otherwise convert
: .tfxl.intiOtnpnej,. which isha.ll beiintendei '.,
only as security, and shall be redeemable
before the sale or 6ther dfs'polal thereof,
eitber.by expross stipnlatif-n or otherwise ;
of any personal bond given as security for
; the payment of any definite or certvio sum 1
of money exceeding, one hundred dollars
and not exceeding five hundred dollars,
fjftycenti-- - i.. ....... ; $
Exceeding five hundred dollars, and not ex-
ceeding one thouiand dollars, one dollar 1 03
Exceeding one thousand dollars, ard not ex-
ceeding two thousand flvo hundred dollars,
two . dollars'.. ..V;fM.' y;-: 2 00
Exceeding Eve thou'san T dollars, and not ex
ceeding ten thousand dollars, ten dollars : 10 60
Exoeediog ten thousand dollars, and not ex
ceeding twenty thousand' dollars,' fifteen ' '!
dollars - ! 15 00
And for every additional ten thousand dollars.
or fractional par'tftheredf, in excess of 1 '
twenty thousand dollars, tan dollars 10 00
Passage ticket, by any vessel from a por in
tbekUnited.Stata3 to a foreign port, if less ..
than thirtv dollar, fifty cents 50
Exceeding thirty isollars, one dollar, .. .. .. 1 f)u
Power of attorney for the sule or transfer of
any stock, bonds, or scrip, or for the collec
tion of any divMondi'cr intereslj thereon,-twenty-five
cents . .
25
10
25
f
1 00
Power of attorney or proxy for voting at any
election for ofucers m any incorporated
company or eocietj except religious, char
itable, orjjtemiy society, . or publio ceme
tries, ten cents--..
Power of attorney to receive and ctllejt rent,
twepty-five cents ...
Power cf attorneyto sell and convey nal es
. tate, or rent or icaso the sime, or to perform
any and all other acts cot hereinbefore
specified, one dollar .............. .-T .
Probate of will, or letters of administration,,)
Vk here the estate and effects foi or in re
spect of whioh such probate or letters of ' '
administration applied lor shall be sworn
or declared not to exceed the valua of two
thousand five hundred dollars, fiftv cents 50
To exceed two thousand five hundred dol
lars, one dollar-..-.i... .... .... .. i- I 00
To exceed five thousand dollars, and not ex- . .
ceeding twenty thousand dollars, two dol
lars 2 00
To exceed twenty thousand dollars and not
exceeding fifty thousarid dollars, five dol-:
lars 5 00
To exceed fifty thousand dollars nnd not ex
ceeding one hundred thousand dollars, ten ' '
dollars 10 00
Exoeeding one hundred thousand dollars and '
not exceeding one hundred ana ntty tncu-
sand dollars.twenty dollars 20 00
And for every additional fifty thousand dol-;" T
lars, of fractional part thereof, ten aolurs 1U UU
Protest. Upon the protest of every. note, bill
of exchange, acceptance, check or draft, or
any marine protest,' whether protestod by a . ,
notary publio or by any .other officer who -may
be authorized ly the law cf any State
- or Staies to make fuch protest, twenty-five
cen.s 26
Warehouse receipts for any goods, merchan
dise, or property of any kind held on sto
rage in any public or private warehouse or
yard, twenty-fivecentS " 25
Legal documents : ,
Writ, or other eriginal process by whioh any
... j. 1 i i .
suit is commenced in any court -oi rocora,
either law or equity, fifty cents . 50
Provided, That no writ, summon?, or other
process issued by a justice of tbe peace, or
issued in any criminal or other suits coin- ;
-meneed by the United States or any State
eball be subiect to .the payment of stamp 7
duties: And provided, further, That the
stamp' duties imposed by the foregoing
sohedulo B on rmirii'.csts, bills of lading,
and passing tickets, thall not apply to
steamboats or othef vessels plying between
' ports of tbe United . States and ports in .
British North America.
: SCHEDULE C. '
Medicines or preparations. For and upon
every packet, box, oottie, pot, phial, or oth
er encloseure, containing any pills, pow
ders, tinctures, troches or lczengers, syrups,
cordials, bitters, anodynes, tonics, plasters,
liniment, salves, ointments, pastes, drops,
waters, essences, spirits, oiln, or othef prep-,
aralions or compositions whatsoever, mid a
,' and sold, or removed for consumption and ' ',
sale, by any peron or person whatever,
wherein the person making-or jreparing
the same ha or claims to have, any pri- ,
vate formula or occult secret or art for tho .
making or preparing the Same," or has, or
claims to have, any exclusive right or title
to the making or preparing the eamo, or
which are prepared, uttered, vended, cr
exposed fyr sale under any letters-patent,
or held out or recommended to the publio
by the" makers, venders, or proprietors
thereof as proprietory medicines, or as rem
edies or epecifics for any disease, diseases,
or affections whatever affecting tbe human
or animal body,' as follows:. whore such,
packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other en
closure, with its contents, shall not exceed,
at the retail price or value, the sum of
" twenty-five cents, one cent" 1 ' 1
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or
ether enclosure, with, its contents, shall ex
ceed the aetail price or value of twenty-five-cents,
and not exceed the retail price
or value f fifty conU, two cents 2
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or
. -. i -. . . i
other encloseur, wun us contents, &nau ex
ceed the retail price or value of fifty cents,
three cents." . 3
When sach packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or
other enclosure, with its contents.sball ex
ceed the retail price or value of seventy
five cents, and shall not exceed the retail
price or value of one dollar, four cents. : 4
When such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or
other enclosure, with its contents, shall ex
ceed the retail price or value of one dollar,
for each and every fifty cents or fractional
part thereof over and above one dollar, as
before mentioned, an additional two cents 2
Pertumery end cosmetics. For and upon ev
ery packet, pot, bcx, bottle, phial, or other
enclosure, containing any escence, extract,
toilet, water, cosmetic, hair oil, pomade,
hairdressing, hair restorative, bair dye,
' tooth ash, dentrifrice, tooth-paste, oro
tnatic caehous, or any sanilar articles, by
whatsoever name the suae heretofore have
' been, now are, or may hereafter be called,
known or distinguished, ased or applied,
or to be used er applied as perfumes, or ap- -plications
te th hair, month or skin, made,
prepared, and sold or removod fof consump
tion and sale in the United States, where
such packet, box, bsttle, pot, phial, or oth
er inclosure, with its eon tents, shall not ex
ceed at the retail prica or value the sum of
twenty-five cents, one eent-." ; . 1
Where nuch packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or
. other enclosure, with its contents shall ex-
fcecd the retail price or .value of twenty
five cents, and shall not exceed the retaiL --pried
or value of fifty cents, two etnU..- .
Whero.sueh packet, bcx, "bottle, pot, phial, or
ether enclosure, with its contents, shall ex- .
eeed tbe retail price or value of fire cents.
and shall not .exceed the retail price or val- ,
tue uf seventy -five tents, three cents ,. J
When such packet, box, bottle, pot, phiaL er
t.il V nr-ViU 'V'.ill 3' -:. " ! '. ,,' - ': , ; ,.;'., ; i c.A . ... .. .... .
AND FOEEVEH",
:.c . 1 :. .! ) : r i .'Duly.
. . ' ... Dulls. cU.
other enclosure, with its ecntonts", shall ex
; ceod the retail price or value If seventy
five, cents, and shall not exceed the retail
" price of value of oaa'doilar, four cents-- 4
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot.. phial, or. ! ..
' Other 'ehtlostire, with Iti coiiteiits,sh;;li ex "
. cerd tbo retail price of value of one dollar,! ;; j
for each and every fifty cents or fractional
,r part thereof overscd above the1 one dollnr;
as. before mentioned, an additional, two-
' cents.- ...... ..
Flaying card?. For and upon every pack of
whatever number, whn the pries pr pitck
.docs not etcecd eighteen cents, one-cent
Over eighteen cents and not exceed twenty
five cents pet pack, two cents '' .
Over twenty-five cents and not exceed thlfty
cents per pack, three cents-.
t:: I
Over thirty; and, ntt' excooding thSrfy-six
cents per rackkfour cents. . .
Over thirty-six cents per pack.fiveceats...- 6
LEGACIES AXD DISTRinCTIVE SHAKES OF
" PE1IS0LAL ' PROPERTY.
. See. 111. Ani.be it further, enacted. That any
person or person having in chyrgo or trust, as ad
ministrate rs, ex2cn!crs, or trntees . cf anylcaeies
or distributive rhares arising from personal proper
ty, ct any kind whatsoever, Where the whole amount,
of such personal property, as aforesaid, shall exceed
the sum ot one thousand dcJars in actual value,
passing frpm.nny person who may die after toe pas
sage of ihir'act possessed of such property, either
oy win or by tho intestate laws of any btate or
Territory, or any part of such property or interest
therein, transferred by 'deed,' grant, sale, or gift,
made or intended to take effect ia possession or en
joyment after the death of the grantor or bargain-
ortohny person or persons, or to any body or bod
ies politic or corporate, in trmt or otharwis?. shli
be, and hereby are, male subject to a duty or t.tx,
to be poid to the United States, as follows, that is
to say :
t irst. Where the person or person? entitled to any
beneficial interest in. such. prprty shall b3 the
lineal issue or lineal ancestor, brother or sister, to
the person; who died possessed of such property as
aforesaid, at and after the rate of seventy-live cents
for each and every hundred dollars of the clear val
ue of such interest in such property.
second. hen the person or persons entitled to
any beneficial interest in such property shall be a
descendant of. the brother or sister of the person
ho died possessed, as aforesaid, at and after the
rate of one dollar and fifty cents for each and every
hundred dollars of the clear value of such interest.
Th irn. Where the person or persons entitled to
any beneficial Interest in such property shall be a
brother or sister of the father or mother, or a de
scendant of a brother or 'sister of the father or
mother of the person who died possessed, as afore
said, at and ater tbe rate of three dollars for each
and evory hundred dollars of the clear value of such
interest.
Fourth. Where' th person or person entitled to
any beneficial interest in such property shall be a
brother or sister of the grandfather or grandmother
or a descendant of the brother or sister of the
grandfather or grandmother of the ptson who died
possessed, as aforesaid, at and after the tate of four
dollars fur eah and every .hundrel. dollars of.th
clear value of such interest.
Fifth. Where the person or persons entitled to
any bencfioiel interert in such property shall be in
any other degree of collateral oonsanguinity than
is hereinbefore stated, or shall be a strainger in
blood to the person who died possessed, as afore
said, or shall be a body politic or corporate, at and
after the rite of five dollars for each and every
hundred dollars for the clear value of such inter
est : Provided that all legacies or property passing
by will, or by the laws of any State or Territory., to
husband or wife of the perscn who died possessed,
af aforesaid, shail ba exempt from tax or duty..
Sec. 112. And be it further enacted, That the
duty. or tat aforesaid shall be alien an 1 charge
upon the property of every person who may die as
aforesaid, until the same shall bo fully paid to and
discharged by the Usited 'States ) andvevj.ry.exe.
utor, administrator, or other person who may take
the burden or trust of administration upon such
property shall, after taking such burden or trust-
and before paying and distributing any portion
thereof to the legatees or any.parUes "entitled to
beneficial interest therein, pay to the collector or
deputy collector of .the district the amount of the
duty or tax, as aforesaid, and t,bll alse make and
render to tho assistant assessor of the district a
schedule, list, or statcment'of the amount of such
property, together with the amount of duty which
has accrued or should a?cruo thereon, verified by
his oath or affirmation,' to be administered an-1 cer
tifici thereon by some magistrate or ellker having
lawful power to administer such oaths, in such form
aud manner as may be prescribed by tho Commis
sioner of internal Revenue, which schedule, list, r
statement shall contain the names of each and
person entitled to ..any beneficial interest therein.
together with tbe clear value of such interest, winch
schedule, list, or statement shall bo by him deliv
ered to such collector; and opon such payment and
delivery of such schedule, list, cr statement, said
collector or deputy collector, shall grant to such
person paying sueh duty or tax a receipt or receipts
for the same in duplicate, which shall o prepared
as hereinafter provided ; such receipt or receipts,
duly signed and delivered by such collector or dep
uty collector, shall be suucient evidence- to entitle
the person who paid such duty or tax having ta
ken, the burden or trust of administering such
property or personal estate to be allowed for such
payment by tbe person or persons entitled to the
btnefk-ial interest in respect to which suoh tax or
'duty was paid ; and such person administering such
property or-personal estate shall be credited and
allowed such payment by every tribunal which, by
tne laws i any atate or lerntory. is or nay do
empowered to decide upon, and. settle the accounts
of executors and administrators; and in case such
person who has taken tbe burden or trust of admin
istering upen any such property or personal estate
shall refuse or neglect to pay the aforcaii duty or
tax to tbo collector or deputy collector, as atoresaid.
within the time hereinbefore provided, or shall
neglect or refuse to deliver to said collector cr dep
uty collector the schedule, list, or statement of suQh
legacies, property, cr personal estate uuder oatu, as
atoresaidror shall deliver ta said collector or depu
ty collector a false schedule or statement of such
legacies, property, or personal estate, or give the
names and relationship of the persons entitled to
beneficial interest therein untruly, or shall pot tru
ly and eorreouy set forth and state therein the clear
value of such beneficial interest, pr where no, ad
administration opon sueh property or personal es
tate shall have baen granted er allowed under ex
isting laws, tho proper officer of the United States
shall commence such proceedings in ' law or equity
before any court of the United states as may be
proper and necessary to enforce and realize the lien
or charge upon such pioperty cr personal estate, or
any psrt thereof, fof which, such tax or duty has
not been truly and justly paid. Under such pro
ceedings the rate of duty or tax enforced shrli be
tbe highest rate imposed or assessed by this act, and
shall be in the name of the United States against
such person or persons as may have the actual or
constructive custody er possession cf such property
or personal estate, or any part thereof, and a nan
subject such property or personal estate, or any
portion thereof, to be teld upon tbe judgment or
decree of such court, and from the proceeds of such
sale, the amount cf such tax of duty, together With
all costs and expenses of every description to be al
lowed by such court, shrill be first pail, and the
balance, if any, deposited according to the order of
such court, to be paid under its d.rectioi to su-'h
person or porsons as shall establish their Kwful ti
tle to the same.. The deed or deeds, or any proper
conveyance of such property or personal es'ate, or
any portion thereof, so old under such judgment
or decree, executed by the officer lawfully charged
with carrying the same into effect; shall vest in tho
purchaser Thereof all the title of the delinquent to
the property or personal estate sold under and by
virtue of such judgment or decree, and shall re
lease every other porcion of such property or per
enal estate from the lien or charge thereon.created
by this act. And every person oj persons who
shall have in his possession, charge, or custody, any
record, file- or paper, containing or supposed to con
tain any information concerning such property or
personal estate, as aforesaid, patsin; from any per
son who may die, as aforesaid, (hall exhibit the
same at the request of the collector of the revenue,
his deputy or agent, and te any law officer in tho
L sited States, m the performance ot nis amy uu
der this act, his deputy or agent, who may desire to
examine the same anJ if any. such pcrcoa, having
in his possession, charts, or custody, any such rej
orda, 133, or pipers, shall refuse or nelwt ) ex
hibit the same on request, as aforesaid, he shIl
forfeit and pay the sum of five hundred dollari;
and in case of any delinquency in miking the
schedule, list, or statement, or ia the pymnt of
theduty or Ux accruing, or which should accrue
thereon, the assesament and eo Illations shall he
NO.. 31.
mads a3 provipel for in the
general provision
IL!. I -i ..r .... P I
i .1 i mj: l - i n.Titiiji i. an ... .... ,
such deed or title shull fc ' the suKjoct t t jcd;cial
investigation the recital in. said deec shall be. pre-"
turned to he trbe.and that the requirements cf the
law haT been complied with by the cQoers ol: the
go vera nj Tit. , , ' ' : , j 1 n -. !
Sec 113- And be it further ena-ted," That when
ever by tLis' set any liceh.-e. duy, 'or taj.'of'anj
description has been imposed or any corporate body
orjrorrty of any incorporated company, it shall be
i.iwful for the Ct.nmisstrnei of Internal Revenue to
prescribe and determine- in1 what u stcUt such tax
shall be assess ?d and collected; ajid 'to what .H5-.:r
thereof the cSicial notices required inihatbebaif
shall he given, ar j of whem payment of such tax
shall bs demanded ' :
. Sec. li t. And be it furthor enacted. That' all ar
ticles upon which duties are Imposed by the provis
ions of this act, whL'h shall be found m the nosses
sion of any person or persons frr tbe purpose of
being sold by such person or persons in frand there
of and with the design to avoid, payment of xaid
duties, miy ba seized by any collixtor or deputy
collector who shall ha vo reason tp, believe. that he
same are possessed for the purpose aforesaid, ar l
tho sama shall be forfeited t the Uritetf States.
Anp the proceedings to eafora said furfeirura shall
ba in tha nature of a proceeding in retn in tbe cir
cuit or distric; court, of th United States for the
listrict where tech seizure is made, or1 in any other
court rf competent jurud:etin. And any person
who shall have iu bis possession any Ftioh articles
for the purpose of soiling the same with the design
ot avoiding payment or the duties imposed thereon
by this act, shall be liable to a penalty of one bun
dred dollars, to be recovered. as hereinbefore pro
vided.
f APPROPRIATION".
Sec. 115. And be it further enacted,. That th
pay of tho assessors, assistant assessors, collectors
and deputy collectors, shall ba paid out of the ac
cruing internal duties or taxas before the samj is
paid into the treasury, according to such regula
tion as the Commisnoa-ir of Internal Revenue, un
der the direction cf the Secretary of tbo Treasury
shall prescribe ; and for tho parposa of paying tie
Commissioner of Internal Revenue and clorks, pro
curing dies, stamps, adhe.'i ve stamps, paper, printing
r . , . . i
icrms anu regulations, advertising, ana any other
expente of carrying this act into effect, tha sum of
hve hundred tnousinu uoiiars Da, ana hereby is ap
propriated, or' so much thereof as may be necessary.
ALLOWANCE AND DRAWBACK.
. See. 118. And be if farther enacted, -That' from
end after the date on which-thit act takes effect
there shall be no allowance or' drawback on all ar
ticles on which any internar duty or tax shall hare
been paid, except raw or unmanufactured cotton.
equal in amount to the-daty or tax paid thereon
and no more, when exported, the. evidence that anj
such duty .or tax nas oeen paid, to be furnished t..i
the satisfaction of the Commissioner of Interna'
Revedue, by suoh person or persons as shall claim
the allowance or drawback, and tha amount to b
ascertained under such regulations as shall, from
time to tima, be- prescribed by the Commissioner o:
nternal Revenue, under tae direction of the btx-ro
tary of the Treasury, and the same shall be paid bj
toe warrant oi ioo Lieortwrjui n:j ireusury on tin
Treasurer of the United States, out of any money
arising from internal dutiss no otherwise appropri
ted : Provided. Th t no allowance or drawback shall
bo mails or -had for any amount claimed or due la.t
than twenty dollars, anything ia thiaaot to the con
trary notwithstanding: And provided, farther, That
any certificate of drawback for goods exported; is
sued ia pursuance of the provisions of this act, may.
under such regulations ad niny be pre-cnoed by tin
Secrctarv of the Treasury, bo received by tbo col
lector or his deputy in payment of the duties undet
this act. And tho Secretary of .tha- treasury maj
make such regulations in regard to tha form of said
certificates and the issuing ther jof as, in hi judg
mont, may be necessary : And' provided, further
That in eotnpnting the allowance or drawback up.i
articles manufactured exclusively of cotron wnei.
exported, thero shall be allowed, id addition to tht
three per centum duty which shafi huva besn paid
on suoh articles, a drawback of fiva ml'.ls per pound
noon such articles, in all cases where tbo duty im
posed by this act upon the cotton used in the man
ufacture thereof has been' previously paid ; the am
ount of id. allowance to bo ascertained in such
manner as may be prescribed by tne Cominissione.
of Internal Revenue, under tha direction of tht
Secretary of tho Treasury. .
Soc. 1 1 7 Aod be it further enacted, That if ant
person or persons shall fraudulently claim Or acel.
to obtain an allowance or drawback on goods, ware-
or merchandise, on whieh no internal duty shall hive
becu Daid. or shall fraudulently claim any greater
aUowanoe or drawb ack on goods, wares, or m'.Tjhau
dise, on which no internal duty shall have been'
pai d. or shall fraudulently claim any greater allow-
anco or drawback than the 'duty actually paid,
aforesaid, such person or persons shall forfeit triple
she amount wrongfully or fraudulently claimed oi
sought cd be obtained, or the sum or five hundred
dollars", at the election of the Secretary of th-;
Treasury, to bo recovered as irf other casds of forfeit
ure provided fit in the general provisions of this act.
Sec. 113. And be it further enacted,. That th
sum of sixty thousand dollars, appropriated to com
plete the capitol in jw Mexiio, by tee secona sec
tion of an act of Congress approved June twenty
fifty, eighteen hundred and sixty, and the sum of
- - ' . . ... i i t
fifty thousau'l do.ur, appropnaiea ior muuarj
mads in New Mexico, by an act of Congress approved
March two, eighteen hundred and siity-oua, ba. and
tho same are hereby, credited to the Territory o
New Mexico in payment of the direct annual tax ol
sixty-two thousand six hundred and forty-eight
dollars levied upon said Territory under the eighth
section of an art of Congress approved August five.
eighteen hundred and sixty-tw, to be taken upon
account of said direct tax under said factj a the
same may fall due to the United Ssatos tT,m. said
Territory. ... ...... ,
S. 113. And be it lurtaer enaciea,. tnai so
much of an act entitled "An aot to provida increased
revenue from imports, to pay interost on the publio
debt, and for other purpose," approved August
'th, eighteen hundred and sixty-ona, as impo-a a
irect tax of twenty millions of dollars on the Udi-
ted States, shall be held to authorize the levy and
collection of ono tax to that amount, and uo other
tax shall bo levied under and by virtue thereof, un
til the fifit day of April, eihtaen hunlred and six
ty-five, when the sanu shall ba iq full force and ef
fect. Approved, July 1,1832. 1 -';'--
ThoronsJi-bred Wheet.
The. following, plan for raising seed
wheat Js the plan, or similar to the one
we have so often suggested for all seeds,
no labor can be too creat to secure lhe
best. The Ohio Farmer says: .
Mr. F.. F. Hallet, of Brighton, Eng
land, is doiu for wheat what has al
ready been done by stock-breeders for
animals," viz; to establish for it a "pedi
eree.' In breeding' domestic animals,
ancestral influence is considered cf great
importance and from the careful breeder
receives much attention. He seeks the
thorough-bred ' or "well-bred" animal,
because he knows that for generations
baclr, its ancestershav; shown uniformly
certain desirable, qualities. He hno'-vs
these desirable traits will develop them
selves in the otTsnrinir. We recognize
the same care in the vegetable world.
If we want a good crop of corn, we select
the soundest and best. ears, partially be
cause it is easy to do so.
In raising wheat, rye, oats, grass, and
the cereals with small seeds and ears,
while farmers have usually selected the
best acre, and winnow out the smallest
grains; yet rarely before has one been
careful to choose only the" finest heads,
and continued ic do .so. for several suc
cess ive generations, until he has estab
lished. a "breed," deserving the narae'of
"thorough-bred," "or; as Mr. Hallet calls
it, "Pedigree Wheat." The course pur
sued : by . him,', as given in the Journal of
the Royal Society, .is : as follows : ; ,
"A grain produces a'.'stoo!.' consisting
iNcbvaslca
' kati;of ai)vi:i:tisisg.
One s-juare ('on lires or lejsjor.'O ir.;run, $1 C?
jici hJIi t'.oiial iiijpr'ijri - - - fcj
. slrisinsj CafiU, fix tarn or Is, tr. year
- Oue cluaui otyear "- -
)ae b-a.it culnmn ...ne yt t - .
0..e loni tt coiiima 021 yeat -, JJW'
One eixbth ci.Iunm one jear .
. Onecoiuam Hx Dinth -. - .
Oe half Ci.lUiiin -ix montbj -One
Tourta ci.-lnmn x wnh . ;(' ... , ;
One eighth of a c..,id; 1 six norths "
One coirmn tb'ee months -
One hali colnnni tf.rr e nvn'tn .
One foin th col jmn ifi :p9 cicait; r
One ei-'lith cm r.mi three m .nths
Aniii.r.n:iri3C.ii'1i'!ies for ()tl:ce. . '.
00
'. ct
:
iS 1
1 ft
xs e
8 M
S 00
Traiiifit itK-er?ieitents ni'isih. ra .1 rr in .u n
Y"'r!y aJverti-rui. fits. (,ii3: i-ly In vi;;cv' ' i
ia irrc:ent Aiivertt-e-neut;. fractions oer-Pt
quare!!! Leciar-ei forty ifce line, tthe re vf ta
rntstii first week, aid Scents e ica mfjueat week.
of! Cf liianV ears.
I plant the grains from
tnese
ears in such a manipr tKnt nrK
year occupies a row by itself, each cf its
grains occupying a hole in: this row ; the
holes being 12 inches apart every way.
. At harvest after the most careful sluy '
nd comparison cf stools from' all thesa
grains,- I- select th finest' one,"' which-1
ia;cep. as a croof that its rjrr.t irr?-,
was the best of all, under the peculiar
circumstances of .that season. This, pro-
cess is. repeated annually, starting every
year with the proved best grain, afihougi
the verification cf this superiority is not
obtained iUntii ihd following harvest.
During these investigations, .no single
circumstance has struck me as forcibly
illusiraticg the' necessity for repeated
selections than the fact, that cf thegralrJ
in the. same eari cue is found greatly to
excel all the others in ?i:al power.". . 1
This plan was followed for four years
without manuring, cr any system cf forc
ing, wiih following remarkable .results ;
In 1S57, he selected his first head cf
wheat which was four acJ three-fourths
inches loog and contained 47 grains. In
ISdS. at harvest, he found the finest
head was six and one-fourih inches long,
and contained 70- grain3, with ten heads
on the finest stool. The grain from the
best head was planted, and the best stool
had twenty-two sfalks, with, cne hi id
seven and three-fourths inches long. con
taining' 91 kernels. These were plant
ed, but the season being the wet cna 'of
1S60, only two heads ripened ; but theso
were on a stool of thirty-nice stalks, and
the best head contained 7-1 grains. .' One
of these grains produced a stool with fifty-two
stalks, the best cf which was
eight and three-fcurih3 inches long, and
contained 123 kernels. ' Thus, in four
years, the length cf the head was daub-
led, .the number - of kernels increased
from 45 to 123, and the number of rialks
from one kernel; from 10 t'o 52. These
results we consider remarkable. In th
all of 1S60, Mr. Halleithad sutneient
seed of his pedigree wheat, to sow 10
.teres with one peck to the acre ; and al
though he, says it was the "worst wheat
Gold on the farm," yet the yield. was 57
bushels per acre. , - ;
We hope the lesson this experiment
leaches will bepracticed upon by ourwheat
growers, and .that pains will be taken by
larmers to select large quaamie of th5;
iinest heads from which to improve their
wheat, and increase its yield. "Let the
heads be selected with 'reference to qual
ity, rather than size. If this course ba
carefully followed for years, the result
will be that our whpat will hive a "fixed
type." from which, under'good conditions
we may expect. as certain results a3 wa .
now obtain from breeding from thorough
bred aifiinala. ;-CatiU"Hi'a Ta'nmr;
Invisible substances.'
If a piece of silver be puf inta nitric
acid, a clear and colorless liquid, it' is rap
idly dissolved, and vanishes' from) th3
sight The
toi'utton
of silver'
mitr
.bo
J T
mixed with water;- nnd to appearance no
tfiect whatever, is produced ;' thu3, in a'
fail of water we dissolve and render in-
visible more than. ten pounds worth of
silver, not a particle of which can ba
seen. Not only silver, lead and iron, but
every other metal can be treated in th&
same way .with similar results. When
harcoal is burned, when 'candles aro
burned, when paper is burned, these sub
stances disappear and become invisible.
In fact every material which is vi.ible,
can, by certain treatment, be rendered
invisible. Matter which in one condition'
is perfectly opaque, and will not admt
the least ray of light to pass through it,
will in another form, become quite trans
parent. The cause of this wonderful ef
fect of the condition of matter is utterly
inexplicable. Philosophers 'do not even
broach theories upon the subject, muchT
less do they endeavcr to explain tt. Tna
substances dissolved in water or burned
in the air are not, however. destroyed cr-
lost : by certain well-known means, they
can be recovered, acd again be rendered' "
visible : some in exactly the same state'
can be shown in their elementary condi
tion, and thu3 iuan be proved, that mat
ter having once existed never ceases to
exist, alinougn it-c?.n cnange itst ccnai--
tion like the caterpillar, which becomes
a chrysalis and then a gcrgoeu butterfly.
If a pailful "of the solution of silver be
cast into the stream, it is apparently lost
by its dispersion into the water; but it
nevertheless continues to exist.' Set when .
a .bushel of charccal is burned in a stove,
it disappears in consequence of the gas
produced being mixed .with the vast at--mosphere
; but yet .the charcoal is still'
in the air. On the brightest acd sua-',
niest day, when every object cm be dis
tinctly seen above..the horizon hundreds,
of tons of charcoal in an invisible condi
tion pervade the air. Glass is a beautiful
illustration of the transparency of a im
pound, which in truih is nothing, but a,
mixture of the rust of three metals.
This power of matter to change its con
ditions from solid opacity to limpid trans- :
patency, causes some rather puzzli g .
phenomena. Substances increase ia,
weight without any apparent cause ; for '
instance, a plant goes on increasing id'
weight a hund rod fold for every atom
that is missing from the earth in which it;
is growing. Now the simple explanation .
of this is, that the leaves of plants have
'the power of withdrawing the invisible
charcoal from the atmospnere, ana re-f
storing it to its visible state in sons shape -or
other. The luns of animate and a
smokeless furnace change mailer from
its visible to its invisible 3tate; Ths ;
gills of fishes and the leaver cf plants
reverse this operation, rendering invisi
ble or gaseous matters visible. Thu3 tha '
balance in nature is maintained, alihr.h, r
the conjmual change ha3 been gcir j ca )
long prior to the creation of the "xti-; .
animals." Wool Groxer.
, trtmber22, 1S81. ,al-w
Verabr 2U, IMS.
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