i
.
jier
IrSSE: & HACKER,-
c.'-.dgr's Block, Main Street,
?5 " ' WoTWILLE, If. T.
LpN'AS fisher;
il . -niorKlKTOKS.
37 13 Tt 5
i raid innavanre, - f uu
rf'yf. 'if iid t the endt-f 6 months . 2 60
i
ill he furnished at $1 60 per
wcf , ,V raJj accompanies the order, not
' ' ' '
rSlxi:ss. CARDS.
2xraEYEE.& ROBISON,
! MAtTAC-Tt:RERS OF .
JlBOOTS AND SKOES Jli
rcT,rrEN rir.st akd.eecokd it:.,
itf
i;r.OVi.VlLLl J. T.
. t mv. - Pi r a -
t1 v-r.. !,- v.'p r.ianuf;uture all that -e offer
l;r:r ...... T I Vi. viP Dr,
,lirr our worx ai Rrpai-
J- s-All V'Tk warranto!.
iill-ly
-7fF.l3TEWART,-CLECTIC
P'HY-SICIAH
SURGEON,
rr9V XERASF.4.-
. - -' Jim r Ktr.rp -"hitr,rT
L-- a J-
"
v6-i.43-ly
THE AFFLICTED
0
pr. a. coui'KLi,
3YS1CIAN, SURGEON
3BSTETRI CI AN,
i
, rw;.rp. hatirt? twpntr-nvo years- cxpp
. ,', 0 i v. icii' P, and enp of the CnrreM"ii--'pri::,n
J.mrnal of the MediCal Siien
i !T i c f !! I'lSneiiHy in liroviiviile, and rc
v (.! hi pr..rp!Moiial hcrvicpa to the cit-
i iii t r-'i iiiiP In 'ervicps iu I'Min
''" '. ,...:. I,.-., ,i.f fif lntW
"..'...,! Ti i:.irs and Sure - Atceses and
t , r.r, i:d S f Eyes even partus IUl)(lDes,
,o l-'jllincr SirViiPSi. Plsv.
-' : I-''i'-'- t.'-'nunipti'n iu the first and
''ie,-l''.'-:?'tv ip s.mc forms, and diNCes of
.... .. i if ni:et !. riv
k:id. rrniM,.-iMr--
jJ.Hjm ur.l.io in the .United SUtes, and afterwards
Ini'niv'i.e f,.ur:j'at all hon-,-8.' either at J. II. Mann's
i.E-i.''p, -,r at l.if ilcliing huc, when not etmajied
I ivnan-i-iiies-. - 5J 'y
fll. M. ATKINSON,
liTTORWEY AT LAVv7,
refpreiice to ti.se
0L!CiTG?i CKANGERY.
(lire e.irucr or Main nd First St".
Brovvnvillc, KT- T-
J.'a. ;.tt,'72 n"'."' vft-ly
DR. D. GW1N,
Ilivjn trmnnPBtly I-ocatpd near
EROWN VILLE, NEBRASKA,
rr ihpprnptic ff Medicine and Surgprj, ten
hi.- .p.(c.-i..i.:ili-rvicPs to the afflicted.
"-c ciie mU F.,uth of town, vu the old ixon
AUGUSTUS SCIIOENIIEIT,
Attorney at law,
SOLICITOUS IN CHANCERY,
Corner First and Main Streets,
hrownvillc, - - - XcbrasKa
ta, VATCiiES, JEWELRY.
i J. SCHUTZ
' Wwil1annoTincctotheoitlzens of Br-wnvllle
T5i.nrnv.-nvile. audi ntends keepiR a-full assort
.n,i v. iiiitv 11. at lie li-as located iinnseii in
i.i ..f arnrvtliini; in his linpof business, which will
oMUwfoVcMkh. Hp will also do all kinds of re
Irmiof clucks, watchesandjewelry. All work war
j;M, v3n!81y
IDWARD W. THOMAS,
ATTORNEY, AT LAW,
,3LICIT0R IN CHANCERY.
Cftre corner of Alain and First Streets.
EROWNYILLE, NEBRASKA.
THOMAS DAVIS,
CLECTICPHYSICIAN
ANI '
SURGEON",
ROCK, NEBRASKA
h forence. Dr. D. (Jnrin. Brownville.
MjII.V.I. nld-ly ;
LEWIS WALDTER,
HOUSE, SIGX AND ORNAMENTAL
CUIZER AND PAPER HANGER.
DKOWXVILLE. X. T
. A. COXSTARX.E,
0N. STEEL. NAILS,
STINGS, SPRINGS, AXLES, FILES
A V I a
fLACKSMlTirS TOOLS
tojluta, Smokes and Bent Stuff.
Tiiird Sirectj between Felix, and Edmond,
rAIXT JOSEPH, lAIO.
I lip sp'.It; at St. I.ouis prices for cash,
f. Kichcsf T'rice'Paid for Scrap Iron.
I J. UIlTsON EOLL1NGEU,
27 O 3XT JE3 "'ST
COUNSELLOR0 AT LAW,
TuirE, GA(iE CO., NEBRASKA.
,11.11 I ,-.
prapfiro in thc?pvc:al Conrts in Gage and
.""'C c . unties, and will give prompt attention
"J'u.-ir ratrusted thim. Collections prompt-
r4 i i 7' arrants on lands carefullv .selected by
I , Ta. If .
'1. , v
t
uu.fr 2S
ouoydvaucod on
PITT tit7 a zr mriT-Ti T
L!
!' t'.ip same, and pay over balance of proceetls
Mint rctnf:s are had. In all caes, 1 w i'
::e !,r'5le1 reiurus of the United States Jfiu "
J N o t p a p s n k.
I ll'10X AND EXCHANGE BROKER
iiOWX VILLE, XEBRASUA.
no20v4
E. MOODY c SON,
VAGARY NURSERIES,
.I.;OCK1ORT, X. V-.
,olcs;e and Retail Dealers in Fruit,
and Ornamental Trees,
ro:i rRKi:ni'cx.
I
f 'm , 1 1 "Sl -uasters who will adnrea ns tnis
iow.,f "'''''''ith Garden, Field and Flower
c--atit ., t. .
These seeds '
-.'..ih.
- -vie nu arp true to name.
v THOMPSON t J1EDGES.
Ijtf j. emha Nursery, Brracuse, Oioe, Co..
An5-Fu8tf v ehrwka.
cvtv If ' : If
vol. vir.
MANUFACTU2ING- COMPANY.
". t j "
PO YOU WANT
STEAH EXKIXES.Oa BOILERS
f ATKXT SUGATt CANE MTLT,
PATRNT STEAM COIL KVAPOKATORS,
PATENT FIKB KVAPORATORS,
PATENT STAMP MILLS,
HKE'S PCAK OK JAKI? SUPERIOR.
SEND FO!i CIRCULARS.
With Cuts, and Descriptions. Price, etc., etc.
SAW MILLS, FLOriUNCr MILL.
ANT) MACIIIEUV OF ALL DKSCRlPnON.
P.W.GATES, rresidpnt.
If . B. Apiits wanted everywhere. Chicago
R. V. FURNAS, AC.CNT,
RrowiiviMr, Nebraska,
Of whom Circulars and detailed information can be
had.
March 23, 1SC2. fn-lyJ
JOHIJ L CARSON
(Successor to Lushbaugh Si CarFon.
jz zzr mi
LANB AND TAX PAYING
Dealer in Coin, Uncurrcnt Money, Land
Warrants, Exchange, and Gold Lust
MAIN STIiliET.
DROWKV1L1.E, KUISUASSA.
1 will cive especial attention tobnylns and selMnp: ex
'.nance on the principal cities of the Tinted States and
Knrow. ' Gold Silver, uncurrent Bank Bills and
Gold Dust, Collections made on-all accesabie points,
and proceeds remitted in t-xchamre at current rmes.
IKpoits received on current account, and interest al
lowed ou fpecial depos-it.
OFFICE,
3IAIX STRCKT, ISKTiTEEIV. TIIK
Tclcgrapli and Hie U S.
Ia:il OIjiccs.
R E F E R E J"
CES:
Lind & Brother
i. W. Carson N. Co.,
Miser. Dirk H Co.
Yntinis & Carson,
Jp . Thompson .Mason, Col'r of Port,
wm. T. Smitlisoii, Es:u. ll.inker,
J. T. Stevens, Est., Att'y at Law,
Jm. S. Callaher, Latp 3d Aud. U. S.
Tarlor Krie::h, B.mUers,
Philadelphia, Pa-
Baltimore, Md.
.
t
Wafhinptop D. C.
u t
j it rt
Chirapo, III.
St. Uuis, Mo.
AnnapMis, Md.
Mercer sburjz Pa
Haieru wn, Md.
E?Fton, Md.
Ciiniherland, Md
Havana, Alahma.
Nov 8, lS6a-tf.
McClelland, I've it co.,
Hon. Thomas G. Pratt,
Hon. Jas. O. Carson,
P. It. Sinali. Emi., Pres't S. Bant,
Coi. Goo. Sihley. Ay at Lnw,
Col. 5;t m. 11. uniiletou Att'y at Law,
Ju.K'p Th.w. Perry,
i'rof. II. Tatwiler,
JACOB MARHON,
ERCHAHT TAILOR,
BROWNVILLE,
Calls the attention of Gentlemen desiring now, neat,
eervicable and fashionable
WEARING APPAREL,
TO HIS
New Stock of Goods
JUST "11ECEIVED,
BROAD CLOTHS, CASSIMERS, VESTING3, &C..&C,
OF TIIK VKI1Y L.1TETT
Which he will sell or make up, to order, at unprece
dented low prices.
Th .e wishniR any thinp in his line will do well to
call and examine his stock before investing, as he
pledges himeir to hold out peculiarly lavorihle in
ducements. February 13th, 1S62. .
BROWNVILLE
(P d i
3 Ll
earn s asy.
THORN, COLMA E3, CO.,
Announce to the traveling public that their splendid
and coinuiiaius Steam Ferry rann iag across from
Brownville,
nlN Nebraska.
is one of the host in every respect on the Upper Mis
Rouri rfver. The Boat makes regular trips every hour
so that no time will be lost in wail inR.
The hanks on both sides of the river are low and well
graded which renders unloading unneceesary as U the
case at most other ferries.
No fears need be entertained a to difficulties atornear
this crossing, as everytoly in this repion, n both sides
of tlie river, is for the Union the strongest kind.
Our charce too an item these hard timet are lower
than l jinviitlfPr crossinst.
Travelers from Vansas to Iowa and totheeast will find
this the nearpst and best route in every respect.
THORN, COLEMAN & CO.
Brownville, Nebraska, Sept. 21st, 1S61.
REAL ESTATE
AND
Collection Office
OF
17. "7". Sedforcl,
,m.U' MI'l I I l" -N- I.' 1 I A CI A
J KJ IV 1 V ILiLilj, M,Urtn.i31VA.
JIuin, Between Lcvze and First Streets.
Particular attenlion iven to the
Purchase and Sale orucai
Itale. illaUiu? Col
lections and
Payment or Taxes tor Xon-Resi-
u e n t s .
LAND AHIiANTS FOU SALE, for cah and on
time.
LAND WARRANTS LOCATED for Eastern Cap
italists, on lands selected from personal examination,
nr.d a complete Township .Map, showing Mreams,
Timber, Ac, forwarded with the Certificate of loca
tion. Brownville. N. T.Jan. 3,1381. yl
THE HORACE WATERS PIANOS AND
JIEEODIANS,
' And Alexandre Organs, and T. GILBERT k Co.'s
celebrated -Indian Pianos, arc thefiuest instrument,
for j nrlors and churches now in use. A large assort
ment can be teen at; the new warerooms, No. 431
BKOADWAY, between Grand and Broome streets
which will bo sold at extremely low prices. Pianos
and MclodooiiS, from sundry insikcrs, nc wand second
hand. Secoud hand Pianos ami Meloc.eons at qreat
bargains; prices fn.ra $-5 to if 100. Sheet Music,
Music-Books, and all kinds tf Musia Merchandise,
at war prices. A pianist in attendance will try new
music.
oriXIOXS OF TITK FKESS.
"Thellorace Waters Piano arc kue wn as among
the very best. We are enabled to speak of these
instruments with sonic rlrgreo of confidence, from
personal knowledge of their excellent tone and du
rable quality.' -Vw York EvaujrHtf. n41-ly
SUGilR CAKE MILLS
EVAPORATORS
Having been appointefl apent for the EatleVrork
Suuar Cane MiU aud ErajKirators, ChlciiRO, 111., I am
prt'U3LreU l IlU UOiCia -UV mauuiviuiii o ,nrs.
Bikes of ililis. from $10 to $300. Evaporators from
ft20to3r. Address li. W, JJ'UXtrK Aa
Jtaxth 27, JbC2. c3i-tf.
:. w, juudiao,
JJ ro wnrilie , N c b .
"lilBEETI' AND
BRO WN VILL E, NEBRASKA, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1862.
SADDLERY ! SADDLERY I
ITavinff recently made large additions to my stock,
coutiistin; of ...
SADDLES, TJARNESS, BRIDLES.
COLLAI1S. LINKS. WAGON WHIPS, BUGGY- WTTTPS,
OX LASHES, HORSE LASHES, STAGS LASHES
SURCINGLES. GIRTHS, "
STIRRUPS, LEATHEBS, &.C, fcc.
I think I can accommodate all in qnaliHty, quantity
and price. I work none but best Oak Tanned Leather,
and getting tt directly from tanneries in Ohio, feei con
lidont it will give satisfaction.
Plasterer's Hair on Hand Cheap.
CASH PAID FOR HIDES.
3. W. MIPDLETON".
September 13, 1SG2. iiD-ly
WEEKLY IFUBffl!!!
C.EOR(JEKNAPP,.
X. PASCIIALL,...
JOHN KXAl'P,..-
I
Projprietort.
The Proprietors off he Republican, desirevs
to extend their circulation, offer the following favor
able terms to subscribers to the
Mally, Wecltly and TrI-TFcelily.
Daily, (in advance) .-$10 00
Tri-weekly, (in advanced ? 5 00
Sunday llef ublicaa 2 00
TO CLUBS AT THE FOLLOWING RATES
Five copies of the Tri-weekly sent for 20 00
Three copies Weekly one year 5 00
Five " u " 8 00
Ten " 5 00
Fourteen " " " 20 00
Twenty " " " 27 30
Thirty " ' 40 00
Forty " 44 5( 00
ti?Moncy in all eases to accompany the mb
scri)tions. I5A31 sub?cribors under t!iese terms will be dis
continued at the end of the year, unless previously
renewed and paid. All Hubseribers, by paying up
arrearages, can come in under these terms.
"FAS T HORSES.7'
CITYLIERSTABE
AND
PEED STORE,
BROVv'KVILLK, NEBRASKA.
KK!SJA33IX ROGERS,
ANNOUNCES to theipnblic that he has purchased the
entire interest in the Livery Stable and blocs former.y
oned by Rojrers 6c Brother, lie is now prepared to
accommodate the public with
Carriages,
flu:
Saddle Horses,
- &c.v Ac.
THE TRAVELING PUBLIC
Can Cnd at his Stable ample accommodations for
horse, mules .or cattle.
BENJAMIN IHHrKIlS.
IT. B. The partnership heretofore existing between
Benjamin it Joshua Ropers is dissolved.
JOSnUA & BKNJAMIN E0GF.R3,
May 23th. 1SC2. n47-tf
A. CA11I TO YOUNG LADIES AND
t!ENTLi:3IAN.
The subscriber will send (free of charge), to all
who desire it, the Recipe and directions for making
a simple leyttalle Balm, that will, in from two to
eight davs.remove Pimplf.?, Blotches, Tax, Freck
les. Sallows ess. and ail impurities and roughness
of the Skin, leaving the sameas Nature interded
itshouibo toft, clear, smooth and beautiful. Those
desiring the Recipe, with full instructions, directions
and advice, will please call on or address (with re
turn postage,)
THOS. F. CHAPMAN. Practical Chemist.
831. Broadway, New Tork.
May 22, 18C2. n4C-2m.
THE IIAKP OF FREEDOM.
Now ready, a new and superior collection of 27
Anti- Slavery. Patriotic, and "Contraband" songs,
solos, dueta, quartets, and choruses. Most of the
Poetry and Music has been written expressly for
this work, to correspond with the times, and should
he suns bv the million, in order to awaken a deep
interest in behalf of the ''Contrabands," whom God,
in his providence, has cast upon tho Free rorth to
clothe and educate.
CONTENT3, IX PAST.
"Fair Freedom's Morn has lawned at last:"
"Break the Chains, or the Emancipating Sword ;"
"Fremont is Marching on, or, Olory Hallelujah ;"
"Oh ! Help the Contrabands';" "OldJohn Brown's
Song;" "Song of the 'Contrabands';" "O Let my
People Go:' "Parody on the Song of tho 'Contra
bands' ;'' "Where Liberty Dwells is my country;"
'When Slavery dies there'll be Freedom ;" "Wake,
Freemen. God has sjK.ken;" "UhUUer'a suppressed
Song of Freedom," etc.
Pric'o onlv 5 cents single. 50 cents per dozen, $3
per 100 : postage 1 cent.
HORACE WATERS, Publisher,
nll-ly 4SI Broadway, New" York.
350. $100
viiijjiumuiui.
iVgonts Wanted
TO SELL
EWIKG MACHINES
AT REDUCED PRICES,
SI 5 EACH.
Onr Machine is perfect in Its Mechanism. It is less
liable to get out of order than any other. Diplomas
have b?en awarded it over the Grover & Baker and other
high priced Machines.
$15 EACH.
Orr Machine uses a straiEht needle, and will "WORK
with ALL KINDS OF THREAD, Silk or Linen, making
an elasiic team, fiee from liabilities to break in wash
ing and is the BEST and c-utai-x-sx aiacnme in use,
$15 EACH.
Onr Machine will HEX, FELL. STITCH, QflLT and
BIND, and will sew on all kinds of goods, from the finest
Mnslin to the Coarsest Woolen, working with ease
i hrouch eevpral thicknesses of thick Woolen Cloth.
ALL MACHINES ARE WARRANTED.
- $15 EACH.
If yon want a Good Machine, and nc t have it
Uost you. apy iu"k u
we want the Machine tested
in every neighborhood
in the United
States.
$15 EACH,
EMPLOYING AGENTS!
Te will Five a commission ou all poods Hold by our
AK'?uts, or we will py waves at
FIFTY" DOLLARS PER MONTH
and p jy all necessary expenses. For particulars al
Sr" m C1IAS. RrGGLES. Acent.
Au".lSlh. n5-yly Deceit, Mich.
Furniture! Furniture!!
The most complete stock of Furniture cyer offered in
this upper country just recetvea Dy f. uii..
BiownTille, April 25th, 1661. .
! !
i
UlflON, ONE AND INSEPEB ABLE, NOW
KIXGD03rC0MLd.
Say. darkeys, hah you seen de massa,
Wid de mustash on his face,
Go long de road some time dis. toornin'.
Like be guino to leab de place? '
lie teen a smoke way up de ritter, -
Wliar de Linkum guo boats My,
lie took hl hat an' lef berry sadden.
. An I spec he's run away.
Chorus De massa run, lia ! ha I
De darkey stay, ho ! h !
It must be now da kingdom comin'i
And de year ob ju-bi-lo 1
He's six foot one way, two foot, tudder.
And he weigh tree hundred jwund,
His coast so big he can't pay du tailor,
Anr it won't eo half way round.
He drills so much dey call him Cap'an,
. An' ho get sodreffai tann'd.i
I spec he try an fool dem Yankees,
For to think he's con-tra-baill.
Chorus De toassa run, &e.
De darkeys feel bo lonesome, libing
la de lofc house on de Uwn,
Dey'move dar tinss tJ massa'i parlor.
For to keep it whi!e he's pone.
Dar's wine and cider in de kitchen,
An' de darkeys dey'll hab some,
I spose they'll be corn fls cated.
When the Linkum sojers come.
Chorus De massa run, &o.
De oberseer he make ns trout le,
An' he drjbo us around a spell j
We lock him up in de smoke-house cellar
Wid the key trown in de vnll.
De whip is lost, do handcut broken,
But de massa'll hab his pay 1
He's old enough, big enough, ought toknowbetter
Dan to w ent an' run aay.
published by Bequest.
ALLEN PERCY.
Jt was a beauteous lady, richly dressed;
Around her neck are chains of flowers rare;
A velvet mantle shrouds her snowy-breast,
And a young child is tweotly slumbering there.
In her own arms, beneath that glowing sun,
She bears him onward to tho greenwood tree ;
Is the dim heath, thou fair and thoughtless one,
The place where an earl's son should cradled be.
Lullaby I
Though a proud earl he father to my child,
Tet on the sward my blessed babe thall lie ;
Let the winds lule him with their murmurs w ild,
And toss the green boughs upward to the sky.
Well knows that earl how kng my spirit pined,
I loved a forester, gay, bold and free;
And had I wedded as my hei.rt inclined,
Mychildwerecradled'neaththegreenwood tree
J.u'!aby!
Slumher thou still, my innccent mine own,
While I call hack the dreams of other days :
In this deep forest I feei less alone,
Than when these palace splendors mock my gaze.
Fear not, my arm thall bear thee safely hack;
I need no squire, no page on bended knee,
To bear my baby through the wild-wood track,
Where Alien Tercy used to rom with me.
Lullaby!
Here I can sit; and while the wild-wind blows,
Heaving the ringlets of thy snining hair.
Giving thy cheek a deeper tint of rose,
I can dream dreams that comfort my despair;
I can make visions of a different home,
Such as we hoped in ether days might he ;
Tber, no proud earl's unwelcome footsteps come;
There, Allen Percy, I am safe with thee.
Lullaby 1
Thou art .mine own I'll heir thee where I list,
Far from the dull, proul-tower, and dungeon
keep;
FTom my long hair the pearl claln I'll untwist,
And with a peasant's heart 6it down and weep.
Thy glittering, hroidered-robe, my precious one,
Changed for a simple covering shall be ;
And I will dream thee Allen Percey's son,
And think poor Allen guards thy sleep with me.
Lullaby!
From the Baltimore Rural Register.
Fall Plowing.
Too little regard is paid in this
country to advantages that are to be
derived from plowing heavy lands in
tho fall of the yearand leaving them
rough and exposed to the action of the
frost throughout the winter. This
winter fallowing is of great service in
other respects ; it tends to rid the land
of weeds and of the seed3 of noxious
plants, which would otherwise germin
ate, but whieh, to a very considerable
extent are destroyed by exposure to)
the frost, fco highly is fall plowing!
esteemed in Flanders that the farmers
of that country make use of an instru
ment unknown among our ogricultu'
ral implements, but which is especially
adapted to elevating the soil and leav
ing iu ridges to that the largest pos
sible surface may be exposed to the
beneficial influence of the winter frosts
The action of frosts mellow even the
stiffest clays, breaks down the clods,
and leaves the and in the spring far
more, light and friable than it could
possibly be made with any number of
plowings, or even by the combined
action of the plow, the clod crusher
and the harrow. In fall plowing it is
of course essential to the perfection of
the work that the furrows slices sho'd
not be laid flat, but that they should
be so turned as to lay at an angle of
about forty-five degrees, the outer
edge of the furrow resting-upon the
inner edge of the one that proceeded
it. Tne advantage of this mode of
plowing is two fold you present a
much larger surface to the action of
the frost, and at the same time an
open drain is formed between the two
furrows, which not only carries off the
surplus water, but allows to air to per
meate through the mass, and thus
renders the soil fit for tillage at an
earlier day in the spring. Moreover
?he harrow breaks down more thor
oughly a soil which ha9 been thrown
up into ridges thanifurrow slices that
have been merely reversed and lie flat
upon the ground. Neither sands nor
sandy loams are at all benefitted by
autumn plowing, tut whenever there
is a soil that has a tendency to bake
and clod, exposure to the frost renders
its subsequent tillage much easier, and
exerts a singular beneficial influence
- ' rl
AND FOSEVEB.
upon the future crop. The action of
the frost also upon such soils i3 pecu
liarly valuable in one other respect
it exerts a potent influence in render
ing soluble the inorganic constituents
contained in the soil, and setting them
free for immediate use in the spring.
All clay soils, says Mr. Smith of Lois
Weedon, whose experiments in spade
husbandry, and in growing heavy
crops of wheat upon the same soil for
many successive seasons without the
use hf manure, have made his name
known to the generality of farmers
.'All clay soils," he remarks, "contain
the elements of wheat, and perfect
tilth dispenses with the need of manu
ring." This is pushing a theory a
littFe too far. It was prcprunded yeas
ago by Jethro Tull, but can never be
accepted in its entirety. The reason
is obvious. The richest soil contains
only a certain positive amount of plant
food, which must be exhastcd eventu
ally by constant cropping if a portion
of those constituents are taken from
the soil annually, and the loss is never
replaced by manures and fertilizers,
but it is 'nevertheless true that an
immense amount of plant food lies
dormant, which in heavy clay soils
can only be rendered soluble an 3
therefore actively useful by thorough
disintegration, whether that work be
effected by spade husbandry or by
action of the frost. English experi
ence has come to the conclusion of
late years that nature's agency in this
respect is superior to the .more costly
agricultural implements, and that on
suck 3oils as those to which we refer,
the most laborious and artificial means
of reducing them to a fine tilth, and
thus rendering their mineral constitu.
ents available, do not compare with
the action of frost upon a rough ex
posed surface. The London Agricul
tural Journal in discussing this ques
tion declares that after all the expen
sive appliances which science has
invented or industry has brought into
play "It has at length been found
that it is better, cheaper and more
perfect, too, to leave the last refine
ment of the tillage process to the
weather which does it without cost.
The land is now torn up smashed up
or mowed and thrown about in large
clods and lumps. This is best done
in dry autumn weather, and thus it
lies until the spring. The rains and
frosts of winter following a dry Sep
tember and October penetrate and
'thrust assunder the hardened masses
of the soil. No two particles shall
remain adhering to each other if you
only givo room and opportunity.to the
best disintegrator in the word. No
rasp or saw, or mill, will reduce the
indurated land to soft and wholesome
tilth so perfectly as a winter's frost."
All that is needed is to provide an
outlet for the water when it comes, by
efficient drainage, and that drainage is
accomplished when the land is deeply
plowed, and the furrows are thrown on
edge just lapping each other, and
presenting, as they rest on the subsoil,
a channel through which the surplus
water may pass off.
From the American Agriculturist.
Preparing for the Sugar Crop.
Thousands of acres of Chinese Su
ar Cane are now growing in Ohio,
.Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Ne-
rbraska, and even in California, to say
nothing of the large tracts planted in
many of the other States. As far as
heard from, with very few exceptions,
the cane is maturing well often re
markably so, and ripening heads in
dicate that the season of manufacture
is at hand. For several years people
planted more as an experiment than
for profit, and in many cases the cane
was suffered to waste for want of suit
able implements to grind and evapo
rate the juice. The low price of
Southern and West India sweets was
not favorable to the profitable grow
ing of. the northern cane, with the
limited knowledge then possessed.
The case is far different now. Sugars
are high, and tho results of the past
few years' experiments have proven
that not only syrup of good quality,
but well grained sugar can be manu
factured from the northern cane at a
profit, even were prices much lower
than at present. "Much, very much is
due to improved implements or mills
for grinding, and especially for evap
orators which will rapidly convert the
juice into a thick syrup for granula
ting. But what we wish to urge now is
that suitable provision be at once made
for promptly working up the coming
crop. Too much reliance should not
be put upon neighborhood mills, and
evaporators, convenient and economi
cal as they arc, for with the vast
amount of -cane to be disposed of,
seme will doubtless spoil before it is
reached in rotation. Every person
who expects to raise a few acres of
cane each year, needs a good iron
mill and a medium size evaporator,
and he should not leave the procuring !
of them until wanted for use,'as there
will doubtless be a scarcity tho pres
ent season, so great is the demand.
AV A3 A'
1 .44, K
NO. 12.
A poorly made, light mill, is little
better than nothing often worse.
When the cane was first introduced,
hand mills were to do the crushing,
but with two strong men at the cranks,
it was found that but a small portion
of the juice was extracted. Next
wooden rollers and light iron mills
were tried, only tc break down in the
midst of the work. A strong three
roller mill, worked by at least two
horses, is needed where much grind
ing is to be done, the feeding rollers
being one inch apart, while the final
pressure is given by rollers which run
directly upon -each other, the whole
keyed up very strong.
If the cane can be used up before
heavy frosts, let it bo cut and either
stached in the field, covering with
straw, or packed away in a shed or
barn to be worked up as soon as prac
ticable. It is better to strip off the
leaves before grinding which may be
done with the hand after cutting, or
by striking them from the cane with a
forked stick, while standing. Save
the ripest heads for seed, and remove
at least two feet of the upper end of
the stalk as worthless.
The juice should be rapidly evapo
rated as soon as it is expressed, using
some kind of a shallow pan so as to
expose as much surface as possible,
both to the fire and air. To granulate
set the thick syrup in shallow vats or
other vessels, in a moderately warm
place, and stir occasionally. After it
has grained-put in barrels or hogsheads
with holes in the lower end to drain
off the molasses or syrup. Of course
everything connected with the grind
ing and boiling should be done in a
cleanly manner. Nothing is needed
clarify the syrup, if it is rapidly con
centrated and the scum faithfully re moved,
nor will such syrup need going
through the refining process of the
sugar house to prepare it for market.
The Best Bed.
Of the . eight pounds which a man
eat3 and drinks in a day, it is thought
that not less than five pounds leave
his body through the skin. And of
these five pounds a considerable per
centage escapes during the night while
he is in bed. The larger part of this
is water; but in addition, there is
much effecte and poisonous matter.-
This' being in great part gaseous in
form, permeates every part of the
bed. Thus, all parts of the bed, mat
tress, blankets, as well as sheets, soon
become foul, and need purification.
The mattress needs this renovation
quite as much as the sheets.
To allow the sheets to be used with
out washing or. changing three or six
months, would be regarded as bad
house keeping; but I insist, if a thin
sheet can absorb enough of the pois
onous excretions of the body to make
it unfit for use in a few days, a thick
mattress, which can absorb and retain
a thousand timc3 as much of the pois
onous excretions, needs to be purified
as often certainly as once in three
months.
A sheet can be washed; a mattress
cannot be renovated in this wav.
Indeed there is no other way of cleans
ing a mattress but by steaming it, or
picking it to pieces, and thus in frag
ments exposing it to the direct rays of
the sun. As these processes are
scarcely practicable, with any of the
ordinary mattresses, I am decidedly
of the the opinion that the good old
fashioned straw bed, which can every
three months be changed for fresh
straw, and the tick be washed, i3 the
sweetest and healthiest of bed3.
If, in the winter season, the por
ousness of the straw bed makes it a
little uncomfortable, spread over it a
comforter, or woolen blandet3, which
should be washed as often as every
two weeks. With this arrangement,
if you wash all the bed coverings as
often as once in two or three weeks,
you will have a delightful, healthy bed.
Now, if you leave the bed to air,
with open windows during the day, and
not make it up for the night before
evening, you will have added greatly
to the sweetness of your rest, and in
consequence to the tone of your health.
Pruning Trees at Time of Trans
planting. Here is a mooted point, with some
thing to be said on both sides. Cer
train theorists declare that a tree
should not be pruned at the time of
transplanting, because it needs the
branches to elaborate material for new
roots. The roots are weakened just
in proportion as the top is diminished.
Leave on the top3, it is said, until the
roots arc partly restored, then (say,
the year after removal,) give the top a
moderate pruning. That a tree close
ly pruned looks bad, no one will deny.
On the other hand, it is replied, every
newly dug tree has many of its roots
cut off or mangled, and we muit
diminish the top in order to maintain
the balance of parts: otherwise, the
superabundant branches will pump the
feeblo roots dry. With care a tree
may be transplanted, without pruning ;
but experience shows that one suitably
Nebraska Slucciliscr. 1
... i..
i rates or A!)VrRTISING,
Ono "iquarp (tea lines or less) ote insertion, $1 M
Each additional Insertion - . - . m
Buinjs Cards, six lines or lest, one year
Oae column one year - ... .
One half column one year . - . -Oae
fourth column on year ' - - -One
eighth column one year . -
One column six months -
One half column six months . . - - .
One fourth column ix nv.nthj .
Ona eiKhti of a column six uioa'.hs -Onecolnnin
three months - -
One half column three month .
One fourth column three ruor.t u - .
Oae eisfcta cnlnmn three iiiontti .
Announcing Candidates for OiH.-h.
CO
so on
40 00 '
S 60
IS 0:
40 00
18 On
12 (K
2 6
IS Vi
ii m
8 d
Transient advertisements mustfce rii f. r in .h,,,,-.
Yearly advertisements, quarterly in advaEce.
in Tranncient Advertioementv., fracti. ru over on
square will be charged f.r by the line, atiae rt n( tun
Kentsth. first week, and 6 cent eneh subsequent weet.
shortened-in will recover from th'?
shock. of removal, and make a more :
vigorous growth in three years thah
one not pruned. . If small trees aro
taken up with c&rc, and immediately'
set out in the same garden, they may.
require little or no shorteningMn.
This is often done by nurserymen.
But trees taken up in haste, and ia.
the rough, bungling way often prac
tised, and then exposed to sun and
then exposed to sun anil wind, one,
two, or more days, can hardly ibe
expected to live without vigorous,
pruning. Better prune at this time,,
and seldom use the knife afterward.. ,
How to Judge Weather Signs.
Admiral Fitzroy, in his instruction
to meteorological observers, ia careful
not to cut off any source of 'informa
tion, as he especially notes that tho
observations of nature are to ba
watched. Thus, when sea birds fly
out early, and far to seaward, fair .
weather may be anticipated; on tho
contrary, when they hang about tho
land, or fly inward, stormy weather is
indicated. When animals, instead of
spreading over their usual range, seek
sheltered places, storms may be ex
pected. Dew is an indication of fine
weather; so is fog ; but clearness $f
the atmosphere near the horizon, is 'a
sign of wet. When a mountaineer '
sees the hills cutting sharp against the '
sky, he wraps his plad around him. '
A good hearing day is also an indica
tion of coming wet. The public will
feel all the more confidence in the .
Meteorological Department for not :
disdaining the phenomena noted by
the weathcrwise, as they rest upon,
exactly the same foundation a3 wht '
may be termed tho more scientific
signs namely, experience. Now that
meteorology i3 elevated into an ap
plied science, we feel confident that
immense progress will bo made. It
it a great thing to know that there i3
a central department, instituted pur
posely to collect all irrx"ormati'on bear
ing upon the subjec?, and it ha3 a chief
like Admiral Fitzroy, whoso heart is in
his business, and who seem3 never
better pleased than when he is collect
ing from any source, however insig
nificant, a fact that is noteworthy
unless it be when he is diffusing hi3
knowledge so attained, cither to indi- 1
viduals or to the public at large. The
growth of this n-iw department seems
to bear the same relation to the Ship- .
wreck Relief Society and the Lifeboat
Society, that preventive medicine does ,
to remedial medicine. Indeed, as wo
progress in knowledge, we are begin- '
ning to find out that prevention 13
better than cure; and, what is moro
to the purpose, we are becoming
enabled to put this prevention in prac-
tice.-
Once a Week.
How 3Iist Is Generated.
The production of mi3t is the sub-
ject of a note by the veteran Dr. John .
Davy, (brotner of Sir Humphrey,) in ,
tho Edinbury Philosophical Journal.
The cause usually assigned for miat is
the access of cold air, and its admix
ture with warmer air, saturated, or
nearly saturated, with moisture, (such
as that resting on the surface of largo
bodies of water,) and strikingly exem
plified in our autumnal and winter
fogSj when the water, owing to tho -heat
absorbed during summer, is of a
higher temperature than the inflowing .
air. Dr. Davy, however, refers to
another cause, not so much noticed,
viz:, a inild, moist airv coming in
contact with a colder air, equally'
humid, resting on cold surfaces,,
whether of land or water, about the1
end of winter or beginning of spring,
fie describes mist3 which he considers
to have been thus formed in the lake
district of Cumberland. To a similar
cause, aho, he refers the phenomenon
termed sweating, which is the precip
itation of moisture on walk and flag
ged floors excluded from the influence
of fire. He also attributes to a warm
south wind, succeeding a very cold
north wind, the deposition of a largo
quantity of moisture in the gallery of
a nobleman in Devonshire, and quotes
the saying in Homer, "The south wind
wraps tho mountain top in mi3t."
Soldier's Pat. The Russian sol
dier receives annually only thirty-3ix
dollars per year a3 pay, and his rela-,
tions consist solely of black bread.
The soldiers in the Frency army
receives fifty-six cents a month. Tho'
pay of our solders is twenty times
greater. The estimate in the French
budget for 18G0 was $64,637,500 for
an army on a war footing of 762,766
men, and in addition, a reserve railitia
on a peace footing of 416,746 men. ;
ft costs the United States nearly threo
times as much to maintain a soldier as
it does the British Government; and
it must be remembered that the Brit
ish Government can get money at
three per cent, interest, while it cost3
us six. per cent, or more.
Avoid taking the extraordinary risks of
long credits, no natter what profits are ia
prospect.