'V
! ADVERTISER, i
prVisnfDEYRTTnuRS1)ATBt -
I nSHER & IIACKER,.
! 1 ry strictler'B Block. Main Street,
HER,
-t;
t j
S
Wruas & fis
1 rnornnrrons.
T 13 n.i a"
I j ..id at the en oft.
" " . i or rif IH forniebod at $1 fto per
irc ,PuJel ibecwU ccociraolei the order, not
. . - 2 no
, months . 2 50
it-'-
;VI Vir. I :
4
: '.. V !:C. -7-:
rv
I. THE .ADVERTISER
II. -'- .!' ! ''.'! ' i " HTi ii-
;'H 1r Hi -.li i - i I '",! -1 ': n. i j .,' : : -
11- tt.-; i..f
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- .! . II i I -I i . IS I I 1 f t 1 ' i I .'-
Ratcsiof Advertising. ,
One ?jnre ("rn 1!ni r.r !) one tnj'rrko, $1 f-
LIBERTY, AND; UNION, ONE .AND INS EP Eli ABLE, ITOW AND ' TO RE YEH." ;
!!
T Ore iTurp, rr.a snon; j
9jicr Cfits. m li -. j ft ;. .
j One cniatr.n rD? ynr
I One half column r.f j ".r
Oj tonrth C :r.Trj ct: vCif
On figtiiliri'.na yeir
Onscolama t-'-x wf" V
On half wl-.rm tr.' 1
One frnrth e-i-:?rti f n'n'!i
Oo (p spliiti of rr'!tua six iii.nth
Onocoinrp-j tliree month
Onh.x!f enigma thr monih .
One fnirt'ri column !hrpviith
One eiSlHh oMnmn thrw mi;!i
Annonnnjn;CasUiUr e fur c2c torment tn
" J,vance) - - - - 8(y
t paid ffr !n atfTanr. Xewly aUi ertis.eaicu., 5r
(teriy iaadvauco. - . . ,j . '
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i
iVOL. VI.
beqwnvile;v;neb
NO. 51.
Business cards.
f C' STEWART,'"
Eclectic physician
SURGEON,
5 a jfm ftet
Whitnf
6-H43-IJ-
FT-
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i
FAIRBANKS' ;
EIANDAED
S C ALE S
f--r-J- OF ALL KIKB.
' ) ilso, "VTareliouse Trucks, Letter
j Presses, &o.
'3AKKSj GREENLEAF & CO,,
j i:j LAKE ST., CHICAGO.;.
--8f ca-pfiil. an4 Mir.or.ly the gcnuine.3
'j ilih. 15 3 ii43-3oi .
MANUFACTUPJNG. COMPANY,
f
I AIM -
i !
j a l
j MILLINERY. r
I XRs.MAKY W.'IIEWETT,
'iija'irweiTCd a new etock of StraAT Ooods,
wm siuklvi fiats, 6aPs, ajd
" 0 'TRlMXIXt!, , . :
1". ni tf the litest Ftyle. The- Jadies of
trille and vicinity ure cordially inritui to call
Mthem. 'I'iri't door cast of the Methodist
j-h,io Water street. ' . ; ,
!-iIir,lS"2. ,Pil-3m
DTHE AFFLICTED.
! DR. A. GODFREY,
3YS1CIAN, SURGEON
3BSTETRICIAN,
; i-ii-! to France, havinj? tweaty-flve years' expe
f ml the M0icat pcitrice, and one of the correspon-
n!!te ' Anioncan Jjiirnalof the Medical Scien-
ii loraitd permam'ntly in BrowtiTilie, and re
, -.. ' y in.Aem h!i liToiesiionni services to the cit
i "t rtii rirr jmd iciuity.
I not cui.fine hia services to common practice,
' Mlthfai to chrome fiiscarcs diseases of long
, it. Kallctiarit Tun ora and Sores. Abscesses and
r. Cirrers hlO Sure even pari It! Blindness,
r. f-niui .nly callwl Fallins Sickness, Palfy,
j .lv;-ensy, Consumption la the first and
j tun, lui-auity in tvme forms, and diseases of
ft.D-t. Particnlar attention paid to Agne.
j if rc4-.iestcd,cr ive reference to those pro
a -j incurtie in the United States, and aiterwards
: rh:iu.
. te fnnnd at all Jotiri, either at J. H. If aun'e
, j-ri, or at hia dwelling hoube, when not engaced
c i.iiiai bAiness. ft50-ly.
0
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hit ti
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! ta'IC
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I II. 31. " ATKINSON,
iiirtfJEriTMiy,
'MokffcHAHCERY.
i OZtt corner or ilain and First Sts.
rownvillc, 2NT- 1.
j DR. D. GWIN,
; Having prrmanenlly Located near
OWNVILLE, NEBRASKA,-
f tLprtwtice of Medicine and Surgery, ten
i i profvUinal oerTices to the afflicted.
i cue mile touth of towni a the old X ixpn
t
Augustus; Schonelieit
CTORNEY AT LAW,
A.XD
.OLICITORS IN CHANCERY,
l Cornet First and Ilain Streets, -
Hvnrmc. - - - TVclirasIca
1 T. 31. TALIIOTT, .
ENTAL SURGEON,
1 ngWattd himself in Urawnville, K. T.,teu
; ' ?ruf.K-nal services to the eommuni ty.
v warraiited. . .
jis W"atclics"&" Jewelry.
I J. SCIIUTZ
i o'!dannonncctothecitir.eni of Brownrllle
I'-'ti vicinity that be has located Uiinself in
-roTnvile, andinteud keeping a full assort..
: 1 f'ytliinsin liulneof business, which will
- .urcfQ.. He will also do all kinds of re
, Clucks'rcliesandiwelry. All work war-
v3i181y
fVARD W. THOMAS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
.o AKD o -
tncitor in Chancery.
'Mraer of Main and First Streets.
? VILLEs NEBRASKA.
j TH01IAS DAVIS,
lECTICPHYSICIAN
1)0 YOU TANT ' ' ... -.
STEAM EXtiiXES CU BOILERS
patent eugatl cakk mtlls, .:
Patent steam coti. k vapor ators,
. patent fire evaporators, .
tatent stamp mills,
roa
PIKE'S PEAK Oil LAKE SUPERIOR-
SEJCD FOR CIRCULARS, .
alth Opts, and tJescriptions, Prices, etc., etc.
SAW MILLS, FLOCRINO MILr.. ' .
AND MACniERT OF ALL; DESCRIPTION. ;-.
ISTSEND FOR CIRCITLARS.3 .
' ' : -" P. W. GATES, President.
X. B. Agents wanted everywhere.- Chicago-"
R. W . I'l'HNAS, AGKNT,
' Ilrownville, Nebraska,
Of whom Circulars and detailed iniormiUun can )t
had. . t-, i f
March 20, 1962. fn37-lyl " ' '
JOHII L CAPiSOlI
(Successor to' Lnshbaugh & Caison, '.- '-
sir us 02 ;
LAND AND TAX PAYING
a.'ail '"ii i i l 11 11 infAa u k um
Dealer in Coin, Unctirrent JIo7iey, Land
Warrants, Exchange, and Gold Dust t ,
. IIAIN STREET.
BROTVXTf IXE, IVEXlIiASItA.
. . . .f
I will' give e?pecial attention totmrTis ard ?!!ls rx-
chanpe on the principal cities of the .United States au!
Europe, Gold Silver, urrcurrent Bank Bills, and
G-old Dust, Collections made oil all acceseable points,
and proceeds remitted in exchange at current rates.
Deposits received on current account, and interest al
lowed on special deposits. --.. -
--OFFICE,
3IAIX STREET. If ETWEES' THE
-Telegraph and the. U.S. .
. J.and Olliccs.
" ' REFERENCES :
Llnd k Brother " . ' Philadelphia Pa.
..W. Cwson & Co., " "
Hiser.' Di:k v Co. , Baltimore, Md.
Youni; fit'Carson, " . "
Jeo. Thompson Mason, Col'r of Port, " . "
wm. T. Sniithsr.n, Esq., Hanker, ' Tashingtor, D. 0.
J. T. Stevens,' Esq., Att'y at Law, . " . "
Jno. S. Gallaher, Late31 Aud. U. S.T. "
Tarlor &. KriepU, Banters, Chicago, Til.
McClelland, Pre & co., . St. Louis, Mo.
lion. Thomas G. Pratt, Annapolis, Md.
Hon. Jas. O. Carson, MerccrsbnrjzPa
P. B. Smali, Esq., Tres't S. Bank, Ha;ertwn,-M'd. ,
Col. Geo. Schley, A'y at Law, " ' . " "
Coll Sam.HambletonAtt'y at Law, Easton, Md.
Judge Thos. Perry, ' Cumberland, Md
Prof. n. Tutwiler, Havana. Alabma.
. . Nov 8, 1860-tf,
IVlonoyilclvancod on
PIKES PEAK GOLD !
I win receive Pike's Peak Gold, and advance
money upon the same, and pay over balance of proceed
as Form as Mint returns are had. In all cases, I wi'
ezbibitthe printed returns of the United StateMlnt'
jr Assay office.
JNO. L.CARSON,
BULLION AND EXCHANGE BROKER
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
BoS0t4 .
STAR CRACKER MANUFACTORY,
: ST. JOSEPH, MO.
r .
'r?ncCf Dr. D. (iwin, Brownrille.
- -j .. .
fr2WlS WALDTER,
j LVE- SICV AND OUNAHENTAL
UZEU AND PAPER HANGER.
j. KIOWXVILLE. X. T
1 !LWils0n Zollinger,
) nsclldr at Law
. uf, TLan1 Collecting Agent.
' J :iE,.GAGEC0., NEBRASKA.
'9 x" Vftu.r b tb SeTe''a, Courts in Gao nnd
in tt . -i!f- , 8n "will give prompt attention
' - , ..'"Wed to him. Cllpj.t '.nn. ..mnt.
!ij,,arular attention Riven to locat
ranuon lands carefully selected by
25. '6i
..-tf-f'
HENRY WPIVITT,
Invites the attention of Merchants, Grocers, Ho
tel Keepers, Ranchmenand Travelers to the Mines,
to his extensiya '
Cracker MaMactorj
. ' lie' is prepared to furnish " . '
SODA, BOSTON, BUTTER, ;
SUGARD AND BIG NIC CRACKERS
AND PILOT BREAD,
At "Wholesale or Retail, and at rrices ns low ns an
be had anywhere. HENRY M'DIVITT..-
April 17, lSG2-n41-3m : . .
BROWNVILLE
f;.-:";-::,--;l3.
i. j
A hi urr " v
1 Vi.
1
rT"Vik-u -W.w r,
SEM-iNNU iL STATE3IENT, No 102
- T 1
CAPITOL and SURPLUS
Caab ad eaeb ttems I T J'!-j ; - -$79,688 78
Loans well secured - - . ? 66,253 20
Real Kstate - . . . 1 iRnrm on
2C2S shares Ilartfotd BantStoclfa-: J .i -.27A;8fi9 00
2125
1010
607
-,
-
New York .
other
J-
- 193,350 00
' - 100 750 00
58,085 00
, 73,367 00
89.700 00
f 36.750 00
4,600 00
.$932,302 93
TJ,ZU 27
rnited Stat nrt Rtat "
Hartfd St K Haven U.B. bonds . ' "
Hartford City Bonds , ,-, ..
Conn. River Co. & R.R. Co. "Stock'.' - ,'
!"'' :j . I V'! t
Total Assets - i . ', ...
Total liabilities !i ' 1 ' ' ' - '
t r
For details of Investments, see small Cards an4 Cir
cularsi - ;;' " - - - -:
Insurances may be effected in this old and substantial
Company on very favorable terms., , ,
j;-- i i 7,:i
Apply to - r
JOHN L. CARSON, Agt ; ; .
' ' ""'BROWNVILLE, N T.
' 53 Dwel links and Farm Property insured lor a term
of years at very low rates C3j tynoiH i :.v '
REAL ESTATE
-.- ,'-. AND s ' : , '
CoHectioii Office'
'OF - ' ' '
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
Jain, Bdibeen Lcvze and First Streets.
Particular attention j?Ircn to the
I'ureliasc and Sale ol Real . ::
Estate, 3IaUing Col-
lections and
Payment of .TaxesTor JVon-Rcsi-
dents.
LAND ARRANT S FOR SALE, for cash and on
time. ' "
LAND "WARRANTS LOCATED for Eastern Cap
italists, on lands selected from personal examination,
and a complete Township Map, showing Streams,
Timber, &c, forwarded wita tne ertincate ot loca
tion.
Brownville.N.T. Jan.S,18Gl. yl
"PAS T HORSES
GfTYLIIIEYSTi
AND
FEED' TOil
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
TIEXJAMITS" ROGERS,
ANNOUNCES to the pnhlie that be has purchased the
entire interest in the Livery Stable and Stock formerly
owned by Kof era & Brother. He is now prepared to
accommodate the public. with- ....;. .-;
-
I . .Saddle Horses, ,
." t &C.f Sy. Ac.
nl2-yly
TT A mriTiTiTT
. hksah nJ n i i t- i ....
'Ma i . T1 1 f I n I I f r 1 TI
and Flower Seeds,
ALSO
nt, p s' GoosrrrzRirs,
' n 'oIrbeie,' Blackberries,
TV-JT!!"1""' fcbery Generally.
i urn' IOWA.
THING. N. Y.
M'.: r-sisM she.t. 17"2. All
Hi. L la-118. Sm.ll
effi . ' ci"nf, Pmps. e;c, etc.
' v rum IK. t , . . . rf. ...
--- .t iiuui. iTjrea catalogues
(nB5 tf
TOOMV'COLEMAHi CO., ,
Annotince to tb traveling public that their splendid
and coajuiodiaus Steam Ferry running acrohs irom, -r;
. BrownYilTc, r,f Kekaska.."
i r f tii host in ererv respect on the Crrer Kt?'
eouri river. ' The Boat mutes regular trips every hour
sotbat no time will be lostin waitfng... , ' :
Th hanks on both sides of the river are low and wei.
graded which renders unloaiiug nnuececsary as Is the
ca?eat most omer lerru-s.
No fears need be entertained as w aimcuuies irne u
this crossing, as everjl-o-1y in this resion, on both aides
of the river, U for the Union the stronger kind.
Our charges too an item tLese hard times arelo rr
than at any other cross-ins. .
Travelers from Kars.is to Iowa and to the east will ana
this the re rent Mid bet-t rontoin every respect. '
. THORN, COLEMAN & CO.
Brewnviile, Nebraska, Sept. 2ist, 1S61. '
JACOB MAIIRON, ;
Iaercliant Tailor,
BROWNVILLE, V
Calls the attention of Gentlemen des-iring new, neat,
servicable and fashionable
WEARING APPAREL,
, - TO UIS ; - . ':.'-
Hew Sto ck of Go b ols
JUST RECEIVED,
BROAD CLOTHS, CASSIJIEH.S, VE STING Sj &c. Lc,
OF TIIE TERY LATETT STXI,
VThich he will eell or mate np, to order, at nnpnKe
dent el low prices. ; '
Tho wishing any thing in his line will do we' I to
call and examine his stock before investing. .t be
pledges himself to hold iut peculiarly favorble In
dnceinrp.ts. Petrnarr ISth, 15F2.
THE TRAVELING PUBLIC
Can find at his' Stable ample accommodations for
horses, mules Or cattle: ' '
.. . . BEXJA1TIN TtOGESS.
. N. B. Tlie partnership heretofore existing between
Jenjamin &. Jobbua Rocers is dissolved.
. JOSHUA & DENJAMU KOKK3,
May 29th. 1862. . n47-tf : . , ,
HELLO, STRANGElll
.'WHERE DID YOU GET THOSE
1ST E -W G O O T) S P
AT
J. BEKRY & CO'S.,
THE CHEAPEST; HOUSE IN
BROWIWILLE.
J. UERRY & CO.; ;
Have jnt received, and are now opening, at their
stand on Kain street, one of the largest stocks of
DEY GOODS
A N D
ever olTered In this market. Remember the place,
.J. BERRY & GO'S.,-
BROWNVILLE N. T.
:3,1C63.'. n4?-tf
POETRY.
For the Boston Cultivator,
a xibertjr. , -"T.j' -v
Ilsrlf !,what meaneth this commotion;-, -
' ' Wbat this fierce, earth-shaking strife !
See! the nation's heart is bleeding1, :-"
JSavbo reigns 'mid haaian life 1:. -A-;'; ;
Why this dread, tcrrifio era, , , .
Issuing from the favored past ?
Ah. there comes Heaven's echoing1' answer
: "Uod yet.:ruIe8,-r'Ui IBs behest I" ! ' :
. Ilis instrnclion to the nations'.
- Writ in human blood and gore.1. -;
Are tooplain for man's miltakingr.:;
. . All may read the scathing iorp V
"Freedom from unjust oppression. ;
Siavery'i chains shali be unbound,
i Freedom from despotio ehachles, " '
; . Liberty the world around !'' t y j
' Ah, man's most essential lessons; -
Lie must learn at greatest prica ;
,r .. 3ian is slowly taaghtin wisdom : : -
, 'Leth for truth to sacrafice. ' ,
' ' Now hath . come this stern affliction,' .
- .' Fru'ts of which already bloom -.
"Lord,lhy will be done," the; prayer is,; . ?
- "Light is breaking through the gloom.'
Hear the millions of the naiioa- ;
, ; ,. ;Taking. up the glad refrain, ,. , .-,
, T . Shouting "Freedom, peace and Union,
'" 1 Love and justice henceforth reign I"1 :
.', Other lands tho shout re-eohoi1 V.i .-:;
f . . , ; Learni ng' th n s our cauo to lp vfj : , -; -Soon,
inspired to emulation, , . ... t r., .
-, ' , Freedom's blessings they shall proVe(!
. Through the hare that hangs above us,
. Beams our Star of Destiny I 1
' AH the "worlds behold the vision5 .
' Freeabm's glory earth shall see I : " -j
Liberty; God's Pwn endowment, ; ,: ;
Dawns upon the worlds enslaved,
And tho cost of this dire ordeal,
Ii the price of Freedom save!, 7
: . ' '... .'.-' 'j'ii '.- -i v
Saved from hell's demoniac legion,
Seeking but their sellLsh ends ;
Saved from dominating traitors,
Who would re nd oar nation's bands I
- Hail . to our yet glorious banner, ; .
It shall ever float unfurled,
' Waving symbol of our Freedom,-- '
. Freedom teaching to tke world .'
. .' Written for the Nebraska Farmer. V
Tlie Republican Valley, Kansas.
Mr. Editou: The crops in these parts,
truly presents a very promising appear
ance, now on this eighth day of June.
We have rye in full head and! over five
feet in height, promising an abundant
yield. We have what is known as white
1 t
rye; its cultivation was begun in our
neighborhood about four years ago wfth
about a quart of seed, i Such has been
the extraordinary increase, that it maybe
seen in abundance :"growing oa a, '-large-number
of farms. " It makes a very fair,
liffht colored flour the yield 25 or 30
bushels to the acre. We sow in Novem
ber ; from three pecks to one bushel per
acre. ' All fear of winter killing, in rela
tion to fall wheat, has passed. We' say
now with certainty that Kansas, is 'a
wheat growing country. ' Our prospects
of wheat is truly encouraging. " Fall
wheat, spring wheat,; oats' and barley,-although
our. "spring was very backward, 'is
heading full, and without an extraordnary
change, we will not, want foe bread. .. .
Our corn and- potatoes, although we
have had many cold nights of late, almost
aDproaching to frost, is very ' forward.
For three, years- after our settlement in
this locality, raising . potatoes proved an
entire failure, although the soil was fa
vorable to their production. They came.
up, grew well, but about thi time, of (hp
appearance of the , young potato, the po
tato fly (Cantharis vittataj -mad8:their
appearance by many thousands,' and be
fore they ceased their ravages, swept'ihe
vines of tneir green rpiiage,anu iwi iuei
a dried" and withered sialic. This fly ,is
something of a. waspish shape about half
an inch in length: Some are a dark yel
low. in color," others of a blue and lead
color.' ,' Their 'blistering quality';, cannot
be questioned. They are .certainly supe
rior to the real Spanish fly, called Can
tharis hispaniaca. We tried to destroy
by brushing ttiem" ',ofT into" hasiris; of hot
water,1 and from ..thence into .tubs' of the
same, prepared for. the , purpose; .and by
planting wide apart, and placing litter
between the rows," driving them from the
vines into the litter and. setting fire to the
same. , Although, we' took . revenge by
killing thousands, yet for three years we
did not save our potatoes. - . Now they
have passed away, trjubie us but little,
and we raise potatoes in abundance. L
, When our land was new, say the first
and second breaking, we raised endless
quantities of squash pumpkins, and mel
ons. I have, with little trouble,' had a
single pumpkin to weigh over one hun
dred pounds. Now we are reduced to
more moderate quantities. The striped
bug is very numerous and destructive.
Our greatest trouble is a darkish colored
bug about three-q-uarters of arunch long.
and much resembling a. EouseTfly, "-arid by
-&mell you would pronouuee it. a near re
lation to the chinch bugi i' The; Hubbard,
lonoIula,,a.'n(?; Boston Marrow Squashes
are almost entirelycut off by these pests
of our field ; and indecd-our, punkins ana
other squashes fare buV little better. ! To
destroy-them appears like' an attempt to
water the desefrrfdr'their ' number -is
legion. Ve7hovever, have" a squash
which theylet growJ, andwhich approaches
as near the sweet potato as any squash, I
oelieve, yet raised.1" It is a small winter
squash; a slight change from' ihe Bergin.
We pall it the sheep nose. 1 It seems to be.
rhosr adapted to bur soil,-and cannot find
a1 superior 1 in squashdo'm:' ' The - seed are
abundant in these parts', ,ff any tne has a
wish' to try.them." ".; ... "
We 'haye 'growing;'' well Spring', ttye.
Spring BarleVi ahd ihe following kinds
of ' spring, wheat Palestine!'" Canada,:
Club,' Missouri Fifth," Rio Grande; &c.-
To. our success in some ; of theseJ ktnds,
we ' may: call" your ahention'in'a" fuiurei
communication;"'"" ' J l,' G. M."
':' Jfear Junction City,Kahsas. " ' '
l : ... . . ;
' i . ' ' tTritten for the 2Tebraka Farmer ..!:'.. '
- -i-The Lawton Blackberry.' j
Many persons - Who ! buy the small
plants' of the La'wtbh Blackberry, com -plainthat
they do not ; grow' according:to
tho drscription."" They" are a' gigantic
variety y but the first season, af ter trans
planting,' do not grow tnrifty, but run out
like the Dewberry. ' 'On these, the next
season, " an abundance of fruit will - set,
while stalks of an' enormous 'size will 'be
speedily thrown up " I have to-day these
shoots of this springs'growth; six feet four
inches high; and the same larger than u
man's' finger, 'vhile 'last years':wood is
literally bending with? fruit. ' : -' : ' 11
The ripening of the f riiit is a very im
portant matter, as ma. ay who cultivate lii Q
plant in this country." complain that they
are soUr and hot fit for use'. This is
always the case with this berry, even
after it becomes: a good black Let it
remain until the color is an intense black,
or a black with a green shade, then the
fruit Will be fully rounded, and will drop
easily from the stem. When the berry
is left until it is ripe, it is larger and more
delicious than any other blankberry grown
The easy propagation, of 'this plant,
every piece of root four inches long mak
ing a good strong bearing plant in two
years, willbe a great object to those who
want fruit quick and without much trouble
of cultivation. R. O. Thompson.
t help themselves
up from year to year. . Nov,T would say
to all such farmers, 'stop for one moment,
and consider and resolve that you will no
longer. impose : upon the good natnrs'of
youc neighbors,, ;for -your ' success and
maintenancebut -will provide'f or your
self to .the best of your ability, remem
bering.' the. adage God hels those who
C.'OSCAR.
The Unltea States TIss.
:!v,Washington unfurled the first; 'Arneri
can,orvas it ,wa? called Union, flag, in
January, 1776, Vvheh tHe British'vvere in
'possession' of Boston, .and the "Americans
encamped at Cambridge'.-It was composed
of thirteen, stripes, -Alternate- red and
white, symbolizing the thirteen revolted
colonies. In one corner, wher.e we how
have' 'the stars,' was' the ' device 'of the
British r Uniori flagy'-composed' 'of two
crosses,-red and vvhite oa a" blue ground.
One was a common cross, a horizontal and
perpendicular ;harr and the cro33 of -St.
Andrew, representing Scotland, which is
in the form' of an X. -; Tlie colors, it will
be seehrwere' tne same as inlhe British
flagij rCongress, 1777, changed th&flag,
by substituting. thirteen stars for the Brit
ish Union, by the passage of the follow
ing resolution- .. , "; .'.
""'Resolved, That the (lag. of the thirteen
United States be "'. thirteen stripes, alter
nateifed and. yvhite; that -tho Union be
Lthirteen stars, white iq a blue' field, rep
resenting a constellation; . : . , .
' This flag "continued in use under the
Constitution,' until the 4th' day of July,
1818, having passed with Unsulled honor
through the wan with Great Britain, from
June. 1562,r to its close, by thejatification
of the treaty of Ghent, in February 1815.
In: the year 1818, tne number of States
in the Union amounted to twenty, and on.
tne 4tri of April, the Congress Of the
United States passed a law in the follow
ing words: '. . - -
- Be' it enacted, 8i'e. " ' ; 4
Section 1. That from and after the
fourth day of July next, the flag of the
United States be thirteen -horizon tal
stripes, alternate red and white ; that the
union ' bo iwonlv . atara. white on a blue
field.. '
Sec. 2. That, on the admission of every
new , State into the .Union, one star be
added to the union of the flag, and that
such addition shall, take effect on the
Fourth of July next succeeding such ad
mission. '.'"
So stands the law; at this day, and is
unalterable but by Jaw.
The colors selected for the American
flag, it will be seen, were similar to those
in the English white, the emblem of
purity; Clue, - of fidelity; and red, of
courage.
frod for plants, '-and air,; earth and
water into" food for raan'and least.
Water, lurking about in the soil,
instead of dissolving crudo "" minerals,
and transforming then into organized
food for plants, and transferring them
from' one "portion of the soil to anoth
er, possesses a negative power .over
those substances, producing a dormant
.state of solubility,, actually destruc
tive of vegetable life, until brought in,
contact with carbonic acid of tho at
mosphere "Aside from all metaphysi
cal hypothesis, thid Is practically dono
by "a judjcldus pulvenzicmjof the soil,
and through drainage. In the vege
table kingdom, a3 in all "other parts of
the universe, thero ara ttvo prevailing
elements, .positive rnd negative. Wa
ter is one of -the "most powerful of tho
latter cla?3; :when freo from the con
trol of light and hfiat tho very soul
of -yegetabla life. ; Vegatablo carbon,
tho, greatest of all "fertilizers, . to ba
found in great "quantities in the forest j
and low' "lands, always a prisoner' to
this'negative power'toagreat degree,
"only tc quires to bo transferred to our
exhausted fields to tho action of light
and heat to restore them to thrir na
tive fertility. There are thousands of
apparently -exhausted soils in our
midst, whose subsoils contain all. tho
mineral substances necessary to re
deem the'uppersoil, whenever brought
to the7 action of the" carbonic acid of
the atmosphere. No better principle
for. producing this result Las' ben es
tablished than the practice of sowing
and plowing in clover, buckwheat, oat-,
&c. -Tha'crop may be turned under
twice each season ; tho time,'and what
point of maturity to do this work, aro
questions which may require the care-
tul observation of every , cultivator of
the soil. Clover is excellent for thi3
purpose, as its long tap roots run deep
into the subsoil, with a draft from na
ture's own hand demanding a dividend
from her mineral deposits below.
These facts are only to be known by
continued experiments. - Thus wo
would unito science with labor, and
establish agricultural .economy upon a
basis that shall defy contradiction.
Verily,, soil analysis has proved a hum-0
bug. Rural New York.
For the Nebraska Farmer.
Borrowing Farmers.
Mr. Editor : It has often been a mat-
ter of wonder to me, how some farmers
could get along, farming, and yet have
none of the implements necessary to car
ry on the business with.' But I am get
ting somewhat enlightened upon the sub-
ject; ana as i nave nearu otners express
their astonishment at the way some men
manage to cultivate their land with ' no
capital.T will endeavor to enlighten them.
' Well, here jis my neighbor, Mr. X,
who has lived by me for the last six j'ears,
and endeavoring to farm." When the time.
for seeding comes, he staTts around the
country to see where he fcan get a plow,
harrow,' k., &c. " Coming to neighbor Y,
xv Ko lias omo busihoos to traneact away
from home, he succeeds in' obtaining'his
harrow for the next day ; 'but fortunately
for Y, he accidently is enabled .to. trans
act -his business without leaving home,
and is therefore anxious to proceed with
his seeding. In this way it very' fre
quently happens that the man 'who has
spent his time and money to procure the
necessary implements to farm with'.many
of which he has to keep in repair during
the entire year, for the sake of having
the use of them'for a few days, must
either deprive himself of their us.e during
those few days, or be called selfish, un
obliging, &c. This, then is the way those
farmers who farm Without owning iany
tools,' get along', by' levying a tai on
suck of their neighbors as'are willing
to pay whether they are able or not. J
! Now, I do not wish to be: understood
as advancing the idea that it is wrong to
borrow, and by no means wrong to lend.
But I do contend that no one should make
a habit of receiving value, without giving
value in return. Now, the custom of the
country is such that men do not: make a
specific charge in cash for the use cf
farm tools, but rely upon receiving a com
pensation for their use by borrowing oth
ers in return. But these men never have
any thing, and consequently cannot pay in
that way. Notwithstanding, they still
persist in compelling their more indus
trious, or honest, neighbors, to keep them
Soil Analysis ts. Experience.
"The knowledge gathered from ex
perience is able in nine-nine cases out
of a hundred to give a more truthful
verdict in regard to the capacity of a
soil, than any amount -of analysis can
do; and I would give more, for the
opinion of-an intelligent farmer than
for that of the most skillful chemist,
in most questions connected with farm
ing." Prof. Johnson.
"We believed that tho water was
the carrier of tho most remote elements
of the foil to the immediate presence
of the plant; but all this has been a
great mistake.. . We
have inferred from the effect of water
and carbonic acid on 'rocks ,a simU
lar action on 'soils;' but this conclii-'
sion is false. . The soil
does not give up to the water one par
ticle of the food for plants which it
contains." Licllg.,
.Two points "surrendered, and the
surrender confirmed in the most posi
tive language ; but no rallies again in
a few lines, and insists on what he has
just admitted to be false. "We know
of no other way in which the earthy
phosphates are dispersed through the
soil than by means of corbonic acid
water." Again ho says : "If it is true
that one of the chief effects of humus,
or the decaying remains of plants in
soils or in jnanuro, consists in Us form
ing a source of carbonic acid, with
which the air and water in the ground
are enriched; if it is also true that
carbonic acid water renders the earthy
phosphates soluable, and thu3 contrU
butes to'their distribution through the
soil; then there can be no doubt that
the salt3 of ammonia, which possess
the. same soluable property, can in
this respect replace, the organic mat
ters, and; exert an equally favorable
influence on the growth of plants."
.' The mystic shadow of that fatal
little word, 'if,'" covers up one of the
best established principles in the whole
code of th3 laws of vegetable physi
ology. Drainage, practiced upon the
best system of economical principles,
and established by fact and argument
irrelragib' 2, liatly contradicts the two
points surrendered by Liebif, and es
tabhshes beyond a peradventure the
fact that the introduction of light and
heat into the soil is the great philoso
phical principle upon which all those
chemical agent3 are put in motion that
govern composition and decompose
tion,'and transfer crude mineral and
.yegetablo --substances into organized
3Iany Facts In Small Compass.
The number of languages spoken is
4,0J1. The number of men is about
equal to the number of women. The av
erage of human life 13 33 years. One
quarter die before the age of seven, one-
half before the age of seventeen To ev
ery thousand persons,. one only reaches
the age of one hundred years, and not
more than one in five hundred will reach
eighty years. There are on the earth
1,000.000,000 inhabitants; and of these
333,333,333 die every year, 81,824 die
every day, 7,780 every hour, and 60 ev
ery minute, or one every second. Theso
losses are about ballaaced by an equal
number of births. The married aro
longer lived than the single, and above
all, those who live a sober and industri
ous conduuet. ' Tall men live longer than
short ones. Women have more chances
of life previous to the age cf fifty years
thaq men, but aftdr that, fewer. Tho
number of marriages i3 in the proportion
of 86 to 100. Marriages are more fre
quent after the equinoxes, that is during
the months of - June and December.
Those born in spring are more robust
than others. Births and deathe are mere
frequent by night than by day.
- t J H T II
A Doloroa3 Beacon.
I have seen a deacon in the pride cf
his.humaity. He combed his hair straight,
and looked studiously to the main chance ;
and while he looked, he employed himself
in setting a good example. IIi3 dres3
was rigidly plain, and his wife not indulg
ed in the vanities of millinery and man
taumaking. He never joked ha did not
know what a joke was any further than,
to know that in wa3 a sin. He carried a
Sunday face throughout the week. Hu
did not mingle in the hippy social parties
in hia neighborhood.- lie wa3 a deacon.
He starved his social nature because he
was a deacon. He refrained from all
participation in a free and generous lifa
because he was a deacon. He made hi3
children hate Sunday because he wa3 a
deacon. . He so brought them up that they
considered themselves unfortunat in being
the children of a deacon. His wife was
pitied by other women besause she was
the -wife of a "deacon.- Nobody loved
him When he came into a circle whero
men were laughing and telling stories,
they always stepped until he went out.
Nobody grasped hi3 hand 'cordially," cr
slapped him on the back, cr spoke cf him.
a3 a good fellow, He seemed as dry and
hard and tough as a piece of jerked beef.
There was no softness no jcciness no
lovelines3 in him.
Now it is cf no use for me to under
take' to realize to myself that Gcd ad
mires such a character as this."
To be always contented Consider
that you will never in this lifo be freo
from annoyance3, and that you may
well bear them patiently a3 fret ab:ut
them.
To goxern caxtlren- (an 2 m.cn .;)
Commend them cftener than ycu bh 3
them. .
