' 1HE ADVERTISER,
rrBLISHSD SVKIlTTnCiSDAT BT
rURNAS, LYANNA & FISHER,
jaoad Story StricUer'a Block, Main Street,
jibottxtixm. t.
nvar.tf plJ 'o drance, .... $S 00
. r"e7V. 'it nid ithendof C montln 60
Hi r mm . mm . nn
i .
. - wl 1 1 m fnrniah! at Af fiO rr
. CI"51 "lde4 tb cub ccmjaies the order, not
1
VI
iftfc?
" LIU ZTRTTT AIID UNIOIT, OIH3 AI7D INSEPARABLE, I70Y7 AI7D FOItEVEn.0
THE ADYEIITISEE,
KAT 333 OP ADVEP.TialSiai
0nqatrt(l0 llnetor lsi)oalnenioa, . ill
Each dJitionslinsertlo3, ....... 9 to
One sqnare, on month, ....... a r.9
B usiness Cards of iixllatsor leasyoo 7r, - C
oae Column out yer, .......9fco
One-half Colama ocereir - - 5
Ouefonrtit Column one year, - ia W
Oneeiihth Column one year, ..... 1
Oaecolasnnaix months, . ....S49
One half Column i;x moTJttJ . . . to (.9
One fourth Column lxnonti . . . 13 0
On eiKbth Colnmn tlx mofitii C
One Column three months, ... t ct
One half Colnnin three months, .... It &a
One fourth Column three months, .... 19 04
OneeUhth Column three month, .... 94
aawancing candidates! oroce(iniJTauce,)- W
1
VOL. VI.
BKOWNVXLLE, NEBRASKA,! THURSDAY, DEC, 12, 1861.
NO. 23.
BUSINESS CARDS.
' Augustus Sclioenheit
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
SOLICITORS CHANCERY7
ronxer Tiint and Main Streeta,
nronYtllc " " " ftebrasba
"DR. D- GWIN,
Ha'vin permanently located in
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA,
for the practice of Medicine and Surgery, ten
i,;. nrofesiion! services to the afiicted.
Main Street. no23r3
0ct
"T"c7 TTOLLADA V M. D.
A,
-,,-tfnlly informi tit friend In Brownrille and
Jmdiatecinuy Uatne has returned the practice of
jledlclne, Surgrery, &. Obstetrics,
1 t kcr by ttrict attention to hit profession, to receive
J. MroM patronage heretofore extended to aim. In
TitiM vhere It poiiolo' expedient, a prescription
!inetilbelone. Ofnceat CitjOrugStor.
reb.- 6.1y
JAMBS S. BEDFORD
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
, AND , t
Master Ccnniksioner In Chancery.
E R 0 "WTTVILLE, H. T.
T. M. TALBOTT,
: DENTAL SURGEON,
-Buinj located himieif in Brownrille, K. T., tea
4rhii prv.feonal rricei to theeommnni ty.
AUjobi rarranted.
Clocks' patches & Jewelry.
J. SCHUTZ
' otldnaonncetoth:itlten of Brownrille
YTStnd vicinity that be baa located blmself In
Jct SrownTilLe, andintenl keeping a f nl 1 assort.
SatrTerythlngin blslineof basiness, which will
Jsw for eath. . He will also do all kinds of re
imnt of clocks, watches and J ewelry . All work war
WtM. al8l7
EDWARD W. THOMAS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
S licitor ia Chancery.
Offlce crtTier of Main aud Tlrst Streets.
. BROWN VILLE, NEBRASKA.
THOMAS DAVIS,
ECLECTIC PHYSICIAH
. 1KB
: SURGEON",
LABLE ROCK, NEBRASKA
Reference, Dr. D. Owia, BrownTiHe.
April 11,1. n43-Iy
LEWIS WALDTER,
EOLSE. SIGN AND ORNAMENTAL
CL11ZER AND PAPER UANGER-
V.KUWNVILLE, N. T. 1 1
The Newest and Best JIasIc
Both Varxl and intrumentl by the best Atnerioaa
and Eurofcan C(ropf)fer. appear regularly frcrj
ma In th lllirsKHdl.n JOCRN'AL. Priea Fmir
Cenu. A new song by Stephen Olorer, appears in
New Shoe Shop.
BROTTWiLLE. NEBRASKA,
.
Iteipectfnlly Informs the cltltens of this place and
inity that be has commenced the mannfactwry of
luou and nhoes to Brownrille. and bopes by atteDtiin
nxlcareto merit a share of public patron-ige. His
-! u all r the bet quality, awl his work all war
ranted to "iflve tatisf action or no pay.".
All styles'of work, from a K. I, fine calf skin boot,
teieware brogan, and at prices so low that none can
jaiplnin.
Give me a call at my shop, on First street, between
Una md Water.
Brownrilie, Kay 9, 1861 ly
" - J. WILSON BOLLINGER,
A If Z
CDuiisellor at Law
CcnrrnI and Collecting A pent.
BEYTiaCE, G4(iJfi .CO., AEBKASKA.
WILL cracfice in tbesere:al Courta in Gaee and
rijotninp counties, ud will gire prompt attention
allbsinep entrusted to bim. Collection pmmpt
lJ!de. r". articular attention riren to locat
or Und WarranU on lands carefully selected by
'if.j52
optmtHr 25. '61. nl2-yiy
. H. A TERRY,
Wholesale and Retail Dealer in
Garden, Field and Flower Seeds,
ALSO
CEAPE TUTS, GCCSEBTBfclTS,
- Currants, Ttasfberrie. Blackberries.
, and Oramffai Shrubbery QtntriUy.
CUES CENT CITY IOWA.
IllIIK COOK
: . BI1IDERY,
COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA.
WILLIAM T. HITER.
y it, xso.
f
FAIRBANKS'
'SCALES
Or ALL XJKBI.
IWRBftfllW i GREEHLEAF,
corner of Main & Walnut Sta. St. Ioui.
, JR-TBUT OKLT THE Cr5CI5E.
t. A. COS8TADLE,
IHf OUTER A1D rtXALKK IW
HON, STEEL, NAIL3,
TIXGS, SPRINGS. AXLES, FILE
-L-ACKSMITn'S TOOLS
fto: Hubs, Spokes; ari Bent Stuff.
loim street, between reiix ana Kdmond.
ALT J()SE1JH, ML).
Tich he sells at flt. I-nis prieesfor cash,
t Higheet "Pclca Eaid for Bcr&p Iron.
rBfcerl, lB9.-lf. .
PREPARE ITS TI2IE
AJAINSTTBf
THE FIRES OF FALL,
tij rrime, a. no. i insorance,
mm iloii no.
OF HART
ORD,
The Fruits of the Photnix
Are manifest in tb i following statement of Facta
and rgures, showing the amount eqaaiiacd to pubuo
benefit, in the shape of losses paid in the wet and
South, during, the pant four years ; a substantial rec
ord of a
TTell Tried Corporation.
$1,167 CO N2BFUSEA --$1,1157 CO
40,377 65 OHIO 40,377 45
27,621 V4 INDIANA. 27,622 94
68,174 56 -.ILLINOIS 69,174 56
32,670 OS M10AICAK 32.670 03
34,220 13 WISCONSIN 34.220 13
19,323 34 IOWA 19,323 31
8.663 10 MINNESOTA b.653 10
9.765 00 KANSAS 9,765 f0
34,054 35 KENTUCKY 34,054 36
43.054 90 TENNESSEE 43,054 90
20,832 55 MISSISSIPPI.. 10,832 55
27.6V3 83 MISSOURI 27,653 83
22,839 43 ARKANSAS 22,839 43
3,961 63 TEXAS 3,96 1 93
555 58 ALABAMA 555 65
Insurances solicited, and policies issued and renew
ed ia this leading Corporation, at fair rates by
E. W. THOMAS
Resident Agent.
BrownTiHe, Sept. if 1360.
CITY LIMY STABLE
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
ROGERS & BROTHER,
KXOCKCES to tbe public that be bas purchased the
LlTery Stable end Stock formerly owned by William
RiMaell and added thereto One stuck, and Is now prepar
ed to accommodate the public wltb
Carriages,
Buggies,
Sulkies,
Saddles Horses
&c. &c.
THE TRAVELLING PUBLIC
Can And at fcU Stable ample accommodations for
horses, mules or cattle.
HV.S1.KM.IH a. JUiUUA. auu&3.
Brownrille. Oct. 18, I860. nlft-yly
J0H1I L CAES0II
(Successor to Lusbbangh k. Carson.
LAiND AND TAX PAYING
Dealer in Coin, Lncurrent Juoney, Land
Warrants, Exchange, and Gold Dust
MAIN STREET. m
DROIY AVILLC, AX1211ASXLA.
1 will gire enpeclal attention to buying and selling ex
Mnr on the principal cities of tbe United States and
Knrope, Gold Silver, nncurrent Bant Bills, and
Go!d Dust, Collections made on all accesable points,
and proceeds remitted In exchange at current rates.
Deposit received on current account, and Interest al
lowed on special depoiu.
OFFICE.
3IAIX STREET. BETWEEN THE
Telegraph and the U. S.
Land OCIces.
REFERENCES:
Und fc Brother Philadelphia, Pa.
J. W. Caraon k. Co., " "
Hiaer. Dii:a fc Co. Baltimore, Mi.
Tounc k Caraun, "
Jeo. Thompson Haann, C"l'r of Port, ' "
wm. T. Smithaon, Esq., Uancer, Wasblngtop, D. C.
J. T. Stven. Esq., Att'y at Law, "
Jno. 8. Gallaher, ite d Aud. U. S.T. " "
Tarlor fc. Kriegh, Bankers, Chicago, 111.
McClelland, Pre Co., St. Louis, Mo.
Hon. Thomas G. Pratt, Annapolis, Md.
Ilon.Jas O. Caraon, MerceraburgPa
P. B. Small, Esq., Pres't S. Bank, Eagertown, Md.
Col. Geo. Schley. A'y at Law, "
Col. Sam.HambletonAtt'y at Law, Xaston, Md.
Judge Thoe. Perry, Cumberland, Md
rof. H. Tutwiler, Havana, Alabma.
ov s, isoo-tr.
IXoueyikdvanoodL on
PIKES' PEAK GOLD!
I win receive Pike's Peak Gold, and advance
money upon tbe same, and pay over balance of proceeds
asaoonasMint returns are had. In all cases, I wi''
exhibit the printed returns of the United StatesMln;
r Assay office.
JNO. L. CARSON,
BULLION AND EXCHANGE BROKER
BROWNVILLE, KEBBASKA.
Bo20v4
REAL ESTATE
A XT D
Collection Office
o r
17. m7U'm 33oc3Lt03rc3.,
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
Main, B'iiceen Levte and First Streets.
Particular attention given to the
- Purchase and Sale of Real
Estate, Making Col
lections and
Payment or Taxes lor Xon-Rcsl-dcnti.
LAND WARRANTS FOR SALE, for each and on
time.
LAND WARRANTS LOCATED to r Eastern Cap
itoliita,on lands relented from personal examination,
and a complete Township Map, showing Streams,
Timber, Ac, forwarded with tbe Certificata of loca
tion. Krownrille.y.T. Jan.J.ISM. yl
liKci Peak, or liust."
HEW
PROYiSION ST0DB,
a nr
DRY GOODS HOUSE.
BR0WIIVILLE, IT. T.
J. BHBBIHl Do
Have Just completed their new onoiners house on
Main Street, near the C.8. Land Offlce, In Brownville
rbere they have opened out and are offering on the most
fiv(irtl. tfrmi.
Dry Goods, Provisions,
- Of all Kinds,
FLOUR, CONFECTIONARIES,
GREEX AAD DRIEO FRLITS,
Choice Liquors, Cipars,
And a "thousand acdoae," other things everybody
neels.
CALL AND EXA?IINj OUR STOCK
Bxownvllla, April S, f
1? v. fi
I
SE1U-ANNUJLL STATEMENT, No. 102-
CAPITOL and SURPLUS
$932,302.98.
XJZa,-y 2jotm lOOl.
Cash and cash Items
Loans well secured -Resl
Xstate -2626
shares Hartford Bank Stocks -$426
New Tork '
1010 Boston ' .
607 other
United State and State '.
HartldfcN Haven A.B. bonds"
Hartford City Bonds - -Conn.
River Co. k. K.ft. Co. Stock - -
Total Assets -
Tout liabilities
$T9,6S3 78
66,263 20
16,000 00
274,869 00
193,360 00
100 76) 00
68 08.5 00
73 367 00
39.700 00
36 760 00
4.600 00
$93-2.303 93
73 244 27
For details of Investments, tee small Card: and Cir
culars. Insurances may be effected in this old and substantial
Company eu very favorable terms.
Apply to
JOHN L. CARSON, Agt
BROWN VILLI, K T.
E3" Dwellings and Farm Property insured tor a term
of years at very low rates 2 lyno4
Johns & Orosley,
SOLI MAXUFACTUHKRS OF THE IMPROVED
GUT A PEUCII A
CEMENT ROOFING,
Is the Cheapest and most durable Roqjing
in use.
IT IS FIRE AND WATER PROOF
It can be applied to new and old roofs of al I kinds, and
to shingle rurfs without removing tbe shingles.
Tne cost Is only one-third of Tin,
and Is tiTlce as durable.
Gctta Fercha Cement
For preserving and repairing tin and other metal ro ofs
of ererp description, from its great elasticity is not in
jured by the contraction and expansion of metals, and
Will not crack in cold or Run in warm
weather.
These materials have been thoroughly tested In New
Tork and ail parts of the Southern and Western states,
and we can give abundant proof of all we claim In their
favor
They art readily applied by ordinary laborers, at trifl
lng expense.
"NO HEAT IS REQUIRED."
These materials are put up ready for
use and for Shipping to all parts of the
Covutry, with full printed directions for
application.
Full descriptive circulars will be fur
nished on application by mail, or in per
son, at our -principal office,
510, BROADWAY,
(Opposite St. Nicholas Hotel ) NEW TORE,
JOHNS & CROSLEY.
Feb. 23, 1361. AGENTS WANTED. mo-
Furnitur Manufactory.
The Undersigned having opened a ehop
at the
BROWNVILLE STEAM MILL,
Are prepared to put up all kinds of
(AUDIT WORK.
To order, at short notice. We will manufacture
BUREAUS SAFES
DESKS TABLES
STANDS LOUNGES
CRIB CRADLES
ROCKING OFFICE
CHAIRS CHAIRS
WINDOW -LOUNGES
CHAIRS &c &c.
We art also prepared to furnish Coffins with the ut
most dispatch. We have on hand well eamHiet1 Black
Walnnt lumber for that purpose, we nave tne facili
ties of making furniture as cheap a It can be furnished
in this country, when durability is taken into the ac
count, as wt warrant all of our work.
We solicit the patronagt of the community.
We will takt In exchange for furniture all kinds o;
farm prod nee. The bigheat prices for butter, egg.
and lard will be paid tht entire hot season.
Brownville, May SO, ly.
CHAMBERS k NOTES.
BROWNVILLE
iP? ift
T31
'Li Ei
TKORIIj COLEMAN, CO.,
snounce to the traveling public that their splendid
commodious Steam Ferry running across from
Brcrcnville,
Nebraska.
is one of the best In every refpet on the Upper Mis
souri river. The Boat makes regular trips every hour
so that no time will be lost in waitinc.
Tbe banks en both sides of the river are low and weK
graded which renders unloading unneceesary as is the
cae at most other ferries.
No fearrneed be entertained a to difficulties at or near
thl crossing, as everybody in this region, on both alden
of tbe river. Is for the Union tbe strongest kind.
Our charges too an Item these hard times are lower
than at any other crossing.
Travelers from Kansas to Iowa and to the east will find
this the nearest and best route 1" every respect.
THORN, COLEMAN & CO.
Brownville, Nebraska. Sept. JUt, 1S51.
liOBT. XT. FITIltfAS,
NOTARY PUBLIC ,
BROWVILEX X. T
i i , i a
For the Xtbrka Advertiser.
"THEY CRY PEACE, PEACE, WHEN
THERE IS X0 PEACE."
Oh, sweet Peace,
Thy days are numberod he awhile,
Go take thine eaaj
Upon some s-sreet secluded iile, .
Where gossips lie not, and where men don't swear.
Where passions taint &ut lis sweet scented air, '
There atay, while reason shall resume her reign.
And drive black treason tack to h 1 again.
And thy jrimia,
Who loudly tnriek thy hallowed name
For treason's en(s.
And quickly balance up tht blame
'Gainst those in power, and upon their bead
Place all the blood that is, or will be shed
Should also, for awnlie, thelt thankless toll forget,
In sweet repose, in sweeter lafayetta.
Liberty,
Millions have obeyed thy call for aid )
With energy,
Tht Traitor's mard'rous hand s teen stayed
Stay not thy chastening hand, tho' millions rise.
Peace on their lips, and treason in their eyes
Did such but dream success with them would dwell,
They'd "Dash the cup of concord into hell."
Published ny Bequest.
THE DAUGHTER'S REQUEST.
My father, thou hast not the tale denied;
They say that, ere noon to-mrrow.
Thou' wilt bring back a radient and smiling brldt
To onr lonely house of sorrow.
I should wish thee Joy of thy coming bliss.
Bat tears are my words suppressing,
I think on my mother's dying kiss
And my mother's parting blessing.
Tet to-morrow I hope to hide my cart,
1 will still my bosom's beating,
And strive to give to thy chosen fair
A kinl and courteous greeting.
She will heed me not in the joyous pride
Of ber pomp, and friends, and beauty j
Ah ! little neod haa a new-made bride
Of a daughter's quiet duty.
Thou gavest her costly gems, they say,
When thy heart lint fondly sought her j
Pear father, one nuptual gift, I pray.
Bestow on thy creeping daughter.
My eye, even now, on tbe treasure falls
I covet and ask no other;
It has hung for years on our ancient walls :' -
'lis the portrait of my mother. -
1 To-morrow, when all It In festal guise,
And the guests our rooms are filling,
. The calm, meek gaze of tboce haiel eyes
Might thy soul with grief be thrilling;
And a gloom on thy marriage banquet cast,
Sad thoughts of tbeir owner giving.
For a fleecing twelve-month scarce had passed
Since she mingled with the living.
If thy bride should weary or offend,
That portrait might awaken feelings
Of the love of thy fond departed friend.
And its sweet and kind revealings ;
Of her mind's commanding force unchecked
By feeble or selfish weakness.
Of her speech, wberedazzling Intellect
Was softened by Christian meekness. '
Then, father, grant that at once. to-nlRbt,
Ere tbe bridal crowd's lutruilon,
I remcve this portrait fram thy sight
To my chamber's still seclusion.
It will nerve me to-morrow's dawn to bear.
It will beam on me protection.
When I ask of Heav'n in my faltering prayer
To hallow tbe new connection.
Thou wilt waken, father, in pride and glee,
To renew the ties once broken,
But naught upon earth remain to me
Save this sad and silent token.
The husband's tears may be few and brief.
He may woo and win another.
But the daughter clings In unchanglnging grief
To the immage of her mother.
A Good Barn.
Much has been written and published
in the various agricultural journals upon
the construction of barns, and so much
importance do tre attach to the subject
that we feel inclined to publish every
article that we can find which contains
an idea or suggestion calculated to im
press our readers with the great advan
tage of a well-consiructedand thoroughly
ventilated barn. In the multitude of in
ventions none has been attempted for the
purification of the free air of heaven.
Our only aim should be to give it to our
domestic animals as pure and free from
offensive and deleterious gases and odors
as possible. The following upon the sub
ject of a good barn, is from a correspon
dent of the New Hampshire Journal of
Agriculture :
One of the most essential requisites for
the farmer is a good and convenient barn :
yet there are many different opinions in
regard to the best mode of constructing
them, and as there can be but one best
way, it would be well, if possible, to as
certain what that best, way is. This of
course must depend in a great measure
npon the ose for which it is intended. A
barn finished suitable for a professional
roan, who would keep only a horse and
perhaps a cow, would be quite unsuitable
for a farmer, who would keep thirty head
of cattle, with the usual number of hor
ses, t-heep, &c The one horse barn
might be clapboarded, painted and glazed
in as good style as any dwelling house,
while such finish would be much too
tight for a Urn in which hay and grain
in any considerable quantity were to be
preserved. Oue of the most essential
things for the farmer who would have
handsome, thrifty stock, is to have his
fodder sweet and kept in the best possi
ble manner. No one can expect that
each load of hay which he puts into his
barn will be ecjually well cured; during
the six weeks in which he is employed in
securing his hay. he will find the first put
in too green while the last will be too
dry. and owing to unavoidable causes ar
ising from showers and other things, he
will find but very little, if any, of his hay
to have been properly cured when put
into his barn. Now the question ought
to be, how this mass, thrown together
while each load is undergoing a different
process of cure, can be made to afford the
most nutriment. I have no hesitation in
saying that z barn sufficiently large for a
good sized farm, which is made tight by
clapboarding, painting and glazing the
outside like a dwelling house, however
many and large the ventilators may be in
the roof, is the very worst kind of a barn
for the purpose of preserving hay and
grain. Hay, in order to be well preser
ved, should always be accessible to fresh
air, especially if it is in large quantities,
and ia order for that, the body of a barn
should be covered with boards, jointed if
not planed, and nailed on perpendicular
ly, leaving the joints so that in a dry time
they will be open at least one-eighth of
an inch. This will secure to the hay,
however large the quantity, a good supply
of sweet, fresh air, the benefit of which
will be readily seen by the slick hair and
bright eyes of the catile ; but ha which
iu any laree quantities is kept in a tight
barn, will become sour and musty, and
will smoke when fed to the cattle, and
the only reason why they will eat it is
because they can get nothing better".
Tho roof and eaving of a barn should be
well finished and made tight, while in the
cowering of the body especial reference
should be had to the preservation of the
hay and giain, as well as to the conven
ience of the stalls.
Blue Army Clotli.
Considerable feeling was lately
manifested by woolen manufactuiers
in Boston on account of some large
orders which had been given by the
Adjutant-General U. S. A., for En
glish army blankets. They protested
against sending abroad for such goods,
and it was asserted the mills in New
England were capable of supplying
all tho demands of the War Depart
ment. This may be true with regard
to the capacity of our blanket woolen
mills, but unless our military regula
tions be changed we shall yet have to
send to England for large supplies of
army cloth. It is well know that dark
cloth is the chief color required for
the coats of the officers and privates
of the army and navy, and we do not
oversight the number when we say
there are not far from six hundred
thousand men now wearing military
uniforms. The amount of dark blue
cloth for equipping half this grent
host will be about four and a half
million yards per annum, allowing
three coats to each man. Tnis is not
putting the allowance too high for men
'engaged in hard warfare, especially
when it is also taken into considera
tion that a large portion of the array
must also be furnished with dark blue
overcoats. Can our manufacturers
supply this large quantity of cloth?
We believe they cannot; and we think
they have never manufactured the
finer qualities of army cloth. In
conversation a few days since with a
customer clothier who frequently fur
nishes suits for many of the highest
officers in the regular army, he in
formed us theyalways wanted the best
cloth, such as maintained a fresh ap
pearance from the day it was put on
until it was worn threadbare. The
West of England blue broadcloth was
usually selected as possessing this
quality. Besides the blue coats re
quired for our army and navy, the
officers wear dark blue trowsers, and
so do the entire cavalry. The color
of the trowsers and overcoats of the
infantry soldiers who are clothed in
the United States' uniform, is also
blue, but its tone is quite light. For
the entire annual equipment of our
army ami navy in uniform, we may
safely allow one-half the quantity of
cloth for trowsers that is necessary
for coats, thus making the total six
and three-quarter million yards of
indigo blue cloth.
Our manufacturers, we are told,
cannot obtain a sufficient quantity of
indigo to dye the amount of wool
required for one-half this amount of
cloth. Never before have we required
so much of this coloring material, and
never before was the supply so limited,
the stock of the finer qualities being
nearly exhausted. A dealer iu indigo
told us a few days since that he could
sell fifty cases of it for every one he
has on hand or can get. The East
India crops of Bengal and Manilla
indigo were greatly reduced last year
by disturbances among the cultivators,
and the crops in South America were
unusually light. These facts and cir
cumstances lead U3 to conclude that
we shall j'et have to send to England,
which commands such a large share of
the world's indigo crop, for very large
stores of indigo unle3 our military
regulations are greatly relaxed so far
as they re'ate to permanent colors.
We have no hesitation asserting
that durable dark blue colors can be
died with logwood. They will with
stand exposure nntil the uniforms are !
worn out, and this should be satisfac
tory. Such colors are dyed by several
boiltng dips" alternately in a weak
mordant of sulphate of iron and a
bath of logwood untill the proper tone
is received, then finished with a very
weak liquor of blue galls. The color
thus obtained will be as permanent as
that of common black felt hats, which
is well known to withstand sunlight
and rain for along period.
A blue color can be dyed, with log
wood, upon wool with a variety of
what is called "mordants." By pre paring
the wool with a sulphate of
"copper solution, then dyeing it in a
logwood liquor, a blue color is obtained
which, when new, is not unlike that of
indigo, but it is photogenic, and soon
fades when exposed to the action of
sunlight. A very beautiful dark blue
can also be dyed on wool with the prus
siate of potash, the muriate of tin and
a minute quantity of the nitrate of
iron; after which logwood is applied
to render the tone deep and rich.
However pleasing this color may
appear when new, it fades when ex
posed to sunshine and moisture. A
mordant composed of the bichromate
of potnsh and crude tartar make3 a
very good blue with logwood, hut the
sulphate of iron and logwood blue is
the most tenable color. A logwood
blue is neither so beautiful nor so per
manent as the color obtained from
alkaline indigo, still it will answer
every purpose for common army
clothing, and effect a saving of at least
a million of dollars to the country.
Sciealific American.
Clean Hogs vs. Dirty nogs.
It seems to be believed by some that
hogs, to be healthy and comfortable, and
fatten rapidly, must be dirty must wal
low in mud and water every warm day,
to keep them from "melting." It is very
true that hogs are inclined to behave like
a drunken man sometimes, and wallow in
ihe mire but from a very different
cause. There is, perhaps, no greater
error afloat, in relation to stock raising,
than that of thus permitting: hogs to grat
ify such an inclination. The best place
to keep fattening hogs, is in a dry clean
pen, with a good plank floor, with cracks
between them sufficiently wide to allow
the liquid manure to pass off freely ; a
good roof to prevent them from sun and
storm, and the pen well ventilated. The
pen should be cleaned often and thor
oughly ; and washed, too, if convenient.
Let the hogs lie upon the dry plank, in
warm weather. They should not, when
fattening, be allowed to touch the ground.
The reason is clear. The more quiet
you can keep a hog while fattening, the
Ihss food it requires to fatten him. If
you permit him to lie and root, and bur
row upon the ground, he labors to that
extent ; and consequently so much of ihe
food, as is exhausted in such efforts, is
entirely lost, when it might have been
saved by keeping him quiet. The shade
of ihe pen with the air circulating freely
through it, is better than all the mud and
water as the hog never seeks the water
for the sake of the water itself, but for
the coolin? and shade from the sun which
it affords him. He will sooner (unless
flies trouble him) lie beneath the shade
of some wide-spreading tree, where he
can feel the air, than frequent the water.
And when he has no litter in his pen to
lie upon, but rests his limbs upon his own
flesh, he is not inclined to stir more than
is necessary, while lying upon the floor;
and, at the same time he will be induced,
by way of change of position, to stand
upon his feet enough to give him healthy
exercise.
There is raore skill required in feed
ing hogs, than people generally are apt
to think. In the first place, in my opin
ion, under ordinary circumstances, hogs
should be fed three times a day, and that
regularly, morning, noon and night, and
that only, and only what they will eat up
clean, and not too much drink, the di
gsiive organs require time to perforin
their duty ; and when hogs are gorged
with food all the time, they soon become
cloyed. Nature has fixed the rule for
feeding, and we should endeavor to fol
low it. No animal can eat continually,
and be healthy. Your pigs and store
hogs can wallow in the mud and water if
yoa choose to let them; but never let
your fattening hogs have that privilege.
North Western Farmer.
How ta Take onr 3Ieal3-
The tables of the rich and nobles of
England are models of mirth and wit aud
bonhomme ; it lakes hours to get through
a repast, and they live long. If any
body will look in upon the negroes of a
well to do family in Kentucky, while at
their meals, they cannot but be impres
sed with tbe perfect abandon of jabber,
cachination. and mirth ; it seems as if they
could, talk all day ;"and they live long. It
follows then, that at the family table all
should meet and do it habitually, to inter
change of hih-bred courtesies, of warm
affections, of cheering rnirthfulness, and
that generosiiy of nature which lifts us
above the brutes that perish, promotive
as these things are of good digestion,
high healih, and bag life. HalTs Jour
nal of Health
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE.
GeutUmen of t Council
and Z7m of L:preiAta'.:4 :
Ia conformity with a practice commerced
at the organization of the first Legijlatnra of
the Teeritory, and continued Ly my proda
ceson at the commencement of each subse
quent session, it becomes my duty to corarau
liicats to you such information as may have
come into my possession, s the Executive,
which may facilitate the perform mce of yor
Legislative duties;. and aUo.to .';"- r ?
rou the reyponsiLHity of your posL.on, j
calling your attention to such matters of pub
lic importance as may, in my Judgment, re
quire action at your hands.
In addressing to yoa this, tny first cuctI
communica:ion, I wou!d bo remiss ia duty,
were I not to congratulate you on tha anspi-
cions circumstances under which you hava
convened, and to unite with yoa in an ex
pression of gratitude to the Supreme Ruler of
the Universe for tha blessing which He has
vouchsafed to us as a people, in warding off
pestilence and famine, in giving tu almost
uninterrupted health, a fruitful) seuon aud
abundant crops, in restraining tho aavaga.
and gi vin? us p.-ace throughout our borders,
in protecting us thus far liom the horror of
civil war around our own firesides, and con
tinuing to us civil and religious freedom.
In legislating for tha Territory, and mould
ing its institutions you should boar in mind
that however small the population and inter
est you represent mty,apie4r, when compared
with older communities, yoa are laying th
foundation for a populous, wealthy aai pow
erful State, that m .y be aSected for good or
evil, for many years, by tha character of your
labors.
Nebraska Territory was organized iri Hay,
1854, but the first Lf gislature of the Territory
did not meet until January, 1835. At thai
time, according to a ccn?U3 ordered by th
then acting Governor, tha whola number of
inhabitant iu the Territory amounted to about.
2,700, or, to be mora explicit. 2,732. 0;:r
jwpulation has increased from that period until
the present as steadily and as rapidly as tha
most sanguine could de.d re ; showing, whea
the last enumeration was m ide, that wa had
increased more than ten fold in a little over
five years ; and I can sea no reason why this
rapid increase may rot continue for many
years to come, enabfir.g in, at an e.irly period,
to add another member to tha family of the
United States.
A mere glHnce at tha map of the country
will convince every intelligent mind that tha
great Platte Valley whbh passes through tha
heart, and runs nearly tha entire length of Ne
braska, U to furnish the rnuto for tha Great
Central Railroad which is to connect the At
lantic with the Parilic States and Territories.
Through Nebraska must pas, with'n a faw
years, not only tho travel atd trade betwesa
the eastern and western portion ofonrovca
country; but, also, much of the trade and
travel between the Old and New World.
The intelligent and far seeing Telegraph com
pany have made this discovery alraa ly, and
have located their Pacific Line and staked out
the very routo where they expect scon to be
followed by this great highway of commrca.
But Nehrask.1 does riot i1rniul a'nnn rtrni
her geographical position for her prosperity
and wealth. She possesses a soil unsurpassed
in riliTia nnil lvintir trail onrtil!.irl 'tV
m ... ...... wi.i. , " OUIl.4 1.1.1 144.
nunierab' e S Drinks of the unrest wa'cr. nni a
climate insuring almost uninterrupted beilth
for both man and beast. It is manifest, there
lore, that this must soon become one of tha
best grain-growing and stock-raising countriej
on tho globe. Its capacity to sustain animal
life, on a gigantic scale, is placed beyond all
doubt by the presence of immense numbers of
deer, antelope, and millions of buffalo, sup
ported by the spontaneous vegetation of our
prairies and valleys, unaided by cultivation or
tho care of the herdsman. A country which
sustains such vast herds of wild cattle, in a
state of nature, possesses the elements of ex
haustless wealth, and mnst, in time, become a
populous and powerful State.
This jteriod may be hastened by tha char
acter of our legislature. You should endea
vor, as far as possiblf, to render N. b aska a
desirable place for homes for an indtutriouj,
intelligent and frugal people. To this end
you bhoild cicourage tha construction of
roads, bridges, highways, and railroads, and
the introduction aud construction of machinery
to supply the varied wants of the people with
in our own limits. You should, ss far as pos
sible, protect the natural growth of timbir, (of
which in msnj places there is found to be a
deficient sunnlv.1 ?uard against its unnecessary
1 O CI - Mf
destruction, and stimulate its cultivation. Ia
many parts of Europe, and in soma of ths
older communities in this country, the culti
vation of timber ha been fully tested, al
timber crops thus produced, have been found
to be very profitable. In my opiuion, tha
people of the Territory ought to ba advised
and stimulated to engage in this work on aa
extensive scale ; arid the sooner they are in
duced to net about it, tha sooner our vasS
prairies will bo put in a state of cultivation,
and ba made to yield a profit to the owner,
and prove n blessing to the country at larga.
It will be our duty es far as possible, to
protect the interests of the Agricultural clas
st'i, by such legislation as onr rapidly chang
ing condition may demand, by encouraging
the production cf approved varieties of graia,
grasses and fruits; the introduction of im
proved breeds of stock ; and by directing at.
tention to such branches of husbandry as
may prove most lucrative to our citizens. In
this connection I would e-pscially call your
attention to the uvject of wool-growicg. Ia
my judgment, many parts cf th;s Territory,
particularly the high and rolling lands, are
well adapted to sheep-raising, aud I suggest
thether it might cot be well to encourag
their importation by some special provision of
law.
In Saline and Lancaster courties, ia th"a
Territory, are found numerous and valuable
talt Kpiiugs, whieh,if properly worked, would
not only furnish salt for the people of the
whole Territory, at much lower rat than i
can be brought from the States; bi't would
afford employment for very many of our in
dustrious citizens. The-e springs, with tha
adjacent lands, h ivo bot-n resjrved from sale
by i he Geiienl G virnm.ut. and no lgil usa
or disunion can h) rut la of them by tha
people of the Territory. I recomnieud, there
lore th.it you nirmruliza C nress on this
subject, and ak that these pritiis, vi:h tha
reserved land;, may bo placed under tha con
trol of our Legislature, or that Conres may
