TUB ADVERTISER,
PUBLISHED KVERr THURSDAY ET
FURNAS & LYANNA,
' ctd Story Strickler'a Block, Main Street,
ISROIVXTILM, X. T.
TERMS:.
kroner"',' ptdlutvnee, - - - - $2 00
. " if pidttheenIol6month 2 60
(. .,1,8 0f 12 or more will be furnished at $1 60 per
i
Y . i
f
Ay
1"
Is I
THE ADVERTISER,
" LIBERTY" AND UNION, ONE AND IITSEP SUABLE, 17077 AND FOREVER.
ji-a.t no op viDvrrrTi-jz;:
noqTirf (louaesorlsisjjceiaiertiss, -Ecb
ad iuioaalinsertica, .......
Ceo s,5-we, oca uivuti, ..... . .
Oae Column one year, ........
ODO-half Culnmii ce rur
One rouri'u Column one year, ....
0iieeiL'2i Column one year) .....
Oaeeoiuiunai montbl, . . ....
One half Colstna tix moatla , . . . .
OaefonrthC.!i5iunilxmoD;:i - . . .
One eichsh Colamn six ci.tr.ths
One Winn tbree mouihi, ...
On? half Co! amn three montM, . . . .
0:ie fourfi t'olunia three uion'.r.i, ....
Oaeoii;nthCoinmnthreecion:h$, - . . .
.aaaciascaUiJate5forcC-e(JajTaace,.
i
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VOL: VI.
BEOWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, OCT, 31, 1861.
NO. 17.
IiUSINESSCARDS.
' r. c. jonson a. schoenheit
Johnson &. Scliocnlieit
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
A X D
SOLICITOUS IN CHANCERY,
Ccrner Firit and ilain Streets,
p:-aivnvlji?- - - - JVcbraisIta-
;"i)U. D. GWIN,
Having-permanently located in
biio.wn villi; Nebraska,
Vi.r t'r.c f rac-tice of. Medicine and Surerj, tcn
tf ' bu j.rfejna1vcrviccb to tbe utHicttJ.
0 on M.tin .Street no2."ir3
' t . P.m f a I ! y i f jr m s 1j friend in Brownviile and
3'J:.:tcvn:iu;ty ihatbchas rcsuniel the practice cf
. -li cine,. Swrjrcry & Obstetrics,
ii'l tiystri'-t tile 'i' to his profession, to receive
,,; cc'i.f :..k jatrB--t?e ticetofore extended to him. la
f i ,-e w'ifre it is i.ibrex!'ed!ent, a prescription
Ujtui'wiH ed.n. 0:ticcat City Drug Store.
IV1). 2J,'09. S5.1y
T. W.TIPTON
Atto Ecy at Law,
TR 0 IVX VI L L K , .V. T .
J. D. N. THOMPSON,
Justice of. the Peace and
Conveyancer,
. BROWWVILLE, NEBRASKA
T-le acknowledgement of DeeJs, XIarries People
t.,-c. OSIce flrfct door socth of Maun Co' & Sru
Sl.ire.
Bruwnviile, June 21st, 860,
JOHN L CARSOIT
(Suixessvr to LushbaiiRU &. Carson.
S J. KT TbTL JH JFL .
LA.ND. AND TAX l'AlrLG
D(alcr in Cum, bnevrrent .Money, Land
. Warrants, Exchange, and Gold Bust
MAIN S t'tF,ET.
DROUAI'llXU, Ai ClIU ASK A.
1 wiU Rive especial attcntiou tol-uyin? and selling ex
'.i.tme ou the pniK-ipul enie of the United State and
Kurope, Gold .Silver, uncurrent hank Bills, and
Gold lit, Cullectioim made oa all accessahle points,
ai..l prureeda remitted in cxrliane at current laleo.
Ct'pobiik received on current account, aud interest al
luwcJ on special depot-it.
OFFICE,
31AIX STUCKT. IJCT'.TCKX THE
Tclegiapli aiul tlic U. S.
Land Ofiici-s.
RE'FE R E .V
Und k PrcTler . .
. W. d' i .,
Ilmei". Hi v . .
. Tnuil" i
. Je. Tifin .: '. C 'r ! Tn: !
' Will . T. 1 1 t ,, , . . l:rr,
Ji) . S. C, .i ,viiJ)t-,.i..ie 34 AuU. V. 2
.T.:i lor At klriesh, Banker,
.Mi-(-le!l.iii(l. Pye At co.,
H.iii. 1 h.iuiHK (I. Pratt,
. Ifni. Ja- O. ('arboii,
P. R ni,,ij, K.-(j., rre't S. Eanlc,
C"l. li'. Stliley, A'y at Law,
' Col. 5.im. H.imliletou Att'y at Law,
Jmle Tlio. Petryj
t'rol. II. Tutwiler,
CCS:
?. i lel lii3, Pa.
w ti
rhieapo, 111.
St. LouU, Ho.
Anna;olis, UA.
MercersburK Pa
Ilapcrtown, Md.
4 it
Easton, Md.
Cnmberland, Hi
Havana, Alabma.
Nov 8, lSS0-tf.
1859.
ZXAXXIIIAIs & ST. JOSEI'ia R. R.
lit.
FALL ARRANGEMENTS. i
Mornln? Train leaves St. Joseph at - ,. 6 00
li.-eiiiiiiz Train leaves io da - n in
St. Joseph is reached by the Western Stajre Line.
i ds-niTcrs saveume ami tiresome stasinj; by thUroute.
Daily connect ions made at Hannibal with .llEastern
"u" ouihih-i ii luiinmit auu j'acseis.
J T D Haywood, Sup't., Ilannital.
D C Sawis, General Agent, St. Joe
P Ii Groat, G. Ticket Agent, Han'ba
Tiieo. Hill, G. T. Ag't, Ercwuville
November 24, 169.
NcujSupplnaf5tau0
w
I have just received a n?v fupnly f
COOK STOVES
Of tha l:itost. and ino.-t improved pa.ttcrn-1, wliieh I
proi-oio t sell at such j.rices as eann',t ho complain
ed i 'I. The iuhlio nr; invited to cull and rr-nmnf.
As usual my Ktoek of Tin, Sli.et Ir- n and Copiier
i are is i;re una -t lay owu unnulneture.
J.C. DCIJSEU.
April 11, 1S31. ntO-jly
CITY LI VB'BY STABLE
and
RROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.."
ROGERS & BROTHER,
ANNOUNCES to the public that he has purchased the
Livery Stable and Stock formerly owned by William
Ksell and adiled thereto fitie stock, and it now ureoar-
ed to accommodate the public wi;h
Carriiiges,
Bu-gics,
Sulkies,
Saddles Horses
THE TRAVELLING FU3LIC
Can find at hi Stable ample accommodation for
borsee, mules or cattle.
BENJAMIN & JOSniJA ROGERS.
Brownvillc, Oct. 18, 1SG0. nl&-yly
mm- ------irr-.. , --. , ,?.V: n
ftUT aiU A f.
SEHI-AXNU1L STATE3IENT, A'o- 102
CAPITOL and SURPLUS
$932,302.98.
JSJTtx-y 1st. lOGl.
Cash and cah Items - - .
Loans well hecured -
Heal Kstatn
2fi J8 shares nartfnrd Bank Stocks
2J'-'5 " New Vork " .
1010 ' Boston "
6)7 other
United State and State " '
Tlartld & N flaven R Tt. l)oiul
nanfor.i City Bond
Couu. P.iver Co. ii E.E. Co. Stock
Total A pets ...
Total liabilities ...
$79 59 73
f.6 253 20
15 (KM) 00
274 869 00
193 350 00
100 750 00
63 085 00
73 367 00
29 700 00
3G 760 00
4 600 00
$932,302 OS
7X2! 4 27
Fcr details cf investments, see small Card; an, l rir-
calars.
Insurances may be effrcted ii this old and substantial
Company ou very favorable terms.
Apply to
JOHN L. CAESON, Agt
BR0WNV1LLK, N T.
Dwellings and Farm Property insured tor a term
of jear at very low rates lyno4
JAMi:S S. BEDFORD
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
i ' AND
Master tarxssicrer In Chancery.
! . BEOVxryiLIE. it. t.
I PEASE & FOVLER,
! ..BLACKSMITHS,
! BROWNN1LLE, NElillASKA.
. TUve recently located in thia place and solicit a share
I of public patronage. Tlieir Troi k and prices cannot fail
! tofrve aatisfactirn. Prices for khoeins horses $1.60
. for hoeins all round with new shoes. Dec. 30; 3ui
. A. COItfSTABEiE,
IMPOKTFH AKH PEALER !W
IRON, STEEL, NAILS,
CASTINGS, SWINGS, AXLES, FILES
xi 23 x Xj o txr 3 f
"BLACKS MI T II' S TOOLS
Also: Hubs, Spokes, and Bent Stuff.
Third Street, between Felix and Edmond.
SAINT JOSEPH, MO.
Which he neTls at St. Louis price for canh.
lliehest Prica Paid for Scrap Iron.
December 1, lS5S.-ly.
PIKESPEAK GOLD!
1 "wilt receive . Pike's Peak GoM. and advance
money upon the same, and pay over balance of proceed
MMtooa Mint retnrna are had. In all caes, I wl'.
xhlbitihe minted return of tbe United States afio
r Away office.
JNO. L. CARSON,
BULLION AND EXCIIAXGE BROKER
BKOWS VILLE, NEBRASKA,
Tln204
T. II. TALR0TT,
:. DENTAL SURGEON,
Having located hi :el f in lirow nville. N. T., tea
ileriihi orofeionitl ar?iceF to tliecouiinuntty.
J All jol warranted.
VClocks Watches & Jewelry,
. J: SCHUTZ
CS Would naonnce;o th2itizeas of Brownville
' pjj and viciaity that he has located himself in
xtejl Brownville, andintenHs keeping a full assort.
eui of everything in his lineof business, which will
. tesold lew for cash. He will aUo do all kinds of r.
,Pirlnf of clocks, waicheeandjewelry. All work war
ranted. v3nlRlv
BIIIDERY,
COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
V7ILLIALI F. IIITER.
Hay 17. 1SC0.
Fn -V) Y()7Tr s- " T ' "(,y f
. EENJ. 'VHTTE,
Has opened a lew Eating IIou se on Jlain street,
next door to the U. S. Laud OISco in Dron?ille,
where
Vvarm rIoals
CAN BE nAD
AT ALL HOURS.
All kinds of rame served up &s desired, at the
shortest notice.
Oysters, Quails, Prairie Chickens,
Fish, Venison, Pies, Cakes, Hot
Coffee. Sweet and Butter
Milk, Mush and Milk,
and all such.
Como vxi.cL Geo r.To I !
REAL ESTATE
Collection ffice
O F
BHOWN V1LLL, 1NEUUASKA.
.Main. Erfween. Levc and First Streets.
Particular attention pivcii to tlsc
rurcnase anil Sale 01 t;oui
Lstato, Makln? Col-lrr-1fmi8
nml
Payment of Taxes lor Xon-Rcsl-
cicntfi.
LAXD W ARRAXTS YOU SALE, for cath and on
time.
LAXD WARRANTS L0CATF.D for Eastern Can-
itolista,on lands selected irriu vt! uiJ examination,
ana a complete lownanip -nap, fiowm ntreams,
Timber, Ac, forwarded with the Certificate of loca
tion.
Brownville.N.T. Jan. 3,1881. yl
Furniture Mimuftictcry.
Johns &; Crosley,
SOLE MANCFACTCHETtS OF THE IilPItOVED
CEMENT ROOFING,
Is the Cheapest and most durable Roojing
in vse.
IT IS FIRE AND WATER PROOF
It can be arplied to tew and old roofs of al 1 kinds, and
to Miingle roofs without removing the shingles.
Tlie cost Is only one-third ol Tin,
ana is mice as durable.
Gutta Percha Cement
For preserving and renairinz tin and other metal nr
of evern description, from its treat elasticity la not in.
Jured by the contraction and expansion of metals, and
Will not crack in cold or Run in warm
.... ' ... wither.
Tbete materia! have bwa tlHron?'i!y t'f,' jr, ;;rvr
Tot k t-rid all part cf tbe f rUiern st i r-. r.i m . :
ani v.? caa five ast:n Iai.tjroi.-J if til v;- -: i - rri i t n.-r ;
' s ' ? :!':-.' .-; j'rtliT & r ..... J ' y iu . f f,5. i !. !
'"'NO HEAT IS ItEQUIRED' -These
materials are put vp ready for
use and for Shipping to all parts cf the
Country, vith full printed directions for
application.
Full descriptive circulars vrill be fur
nished on application by mail, or in per
son, at our principal office,
510, BROADWATT,
(Opposite St. Nicholas ITotel.) NEW TOltK,
JOHNS & CROSLEY.
Feb. 23, 1861. AGENTS "WANTED. 6 mo-
New Shoe Shop.
Concord and Delaware Grape.
In an article in the "Prairie Farm
er," on "Grapes and wine making,"
Dr. John A. Kennicutt says of the
Concord and Delaware Grape :
"Speaking of Grapes: Charles G.
Downing, Newburgh, New York,
says in a recent article : Concord and
Delaware Grapes seem to be the har
diest species. Isabella, Diana, Ca
tawba, and Rebecca have suffered ve
ry much; and in soiie casesjhe vines
are dead, If such winters as the last
two" or three continue, we shall have
to bury our vines in the fall. In fact
I believe it is, the best plan even if
the wir.ters are mild. The trouble is
not much, and I think the fruit will
be earlier and better for it.
Five years ago, Charles Carpen
ter, of Kelly's Island sent us a half
dozen small vines of the Concord and
Delaware, but the label on the latter
being lost, the Concord only was
cherished, and fruited the next year;
and has always proved robust and per
fectly hardy. The fourplant3 of Del
aware were never even tied up till '60,
but left to ramble and grow as they
pleased. Our little boys say they
bore every year, but the seniors did
not discover it till last September.
The vines were then . loaded with the
most delicious grapes, and in Novem
ber we cut a heap of wood from them
and found about a dozen natural lay
ers well rooted. Not a shoot nor even
a bud, had even been winter-killed,
and the vines instead of being "fee
ble, are stronger than Isabellas, of
the same age growing near them. I
think, therefore, it is safe to say, the
Delaware is a strong and perfectly
hardy vine; and I am inclined to set
it down with the Concord as beins
the hardiest grapes for the Northwest
The Delaware has been propagated
into a feeble growth by house culture,
but its constitution is still unimpaired.
Mulching Flowers.
in tK? "Cottage Gardiner,"
The Undersigned having opened u thop
at the
BROWNVILLE STEAM MILL,
Are prepared to put up all kinds of
CAC HET WOM
- IP'
I
FAIRBANKS'
To order, at short notica. TTe will manufucture
BUREAUS SAFES
DESKS TABLES
STANDS LOUNGES
CRIB CRADLES
ROCKING OFFICE
CHAIRS CHAIRS
WINDOW LOUNGES
CHAIRS &c. &c.
Wear also prepared to famish Conns with tbe ut
rot diFpatcb. We have on hand weli reasoned Black
Walnut lumber tor that purpose. We have ti e facili
ties of making furniture as rbenn & it run h. fnmidnui
! iu this ountry, when durability is takeu Into the ac
count, as we warrant all of our work.
We solicit the patronage of the community. '
We will take in exchange for furniture all kin-Is c-r
farm produce. Tbe highest prices for buuer, eggs,
and laid will be paid the entire hot teasou.
ETA1CEAHD
2 .SCALES
or ALT, KISDS.
! . 1T r. Arts'". t'iv ax? ?ri em
1?! r.lliP. K'V- !rif:o
Aid comer of Xl&in & Walnut Sts, St. Louis.
fowBUY OXLV THE GESUISE.
Brownville, Hay 30, ly.
CHAiTEEKS Si NOTES.
THOMAS DAVIS,
ECLECTICPHYSICIAH
SURGEON,
LABLE HOCK, NEBRASKA.
Reference, Dr. I). (iwin ErowavilLe.
April II, 'CI. cl3-Iy
BR 0 WjXVILLE, NEBRASKA.
Bcspcctfully informs the citiiens of this place and
vicinity that he has commeaaed the manufactory of
B fi ts and shoes iu Brownville, and hopes by attention
and care to merit a share of public patronise. His
btm k is all of the bos-t quality, and his work ull war
ranted to "pive satisfaction or no pay."
All ntyles'of wurk, from a No. 1, fine calf 6kin boot,
to a oan-e brogan, and at pticea so low that nona can
complain.
Give uie a call at iny shop, on First street, between
Main and Water.
Brownville, May 9, 1861 ly
EDWARD W. THOMAS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
AND
S licitor in Chancery.
Orflce orner of Ituiu aud First Streetn.
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
"Iikc?s Peak, or Unst
hew
PROVISION STORE,
AKD
DRY GOODS HOUSE.
XCTo- 11, IVTivlxx street
BROWHVILLE, IT. T.
J.3BIEl&l&Y-&CJo
Ilave Just completed their new ouMneFS honse on
Main Street, near the U.S. Land Office, in Brownville
where they have opened out and areoffering on the most
favorable terms.
Dry Goods, Provisions,
Of all Kinds,
FLOUR, CONFECT10NARIES,
GIEC AXD DIIIEO FRLTITS,
Choice Liquors, Cigars,
And a "thousand and one other things everybody
needs.
CALL AND EXAMINE OUR STOCK
Brownville, April 25, ly
NEMAHA 'CITY, KEBRSKA.
Casli for Wlioat,
The public are lniormei that at Meivin's iiills thst
SOto!UcentscasU is bein paid for boo1 to ere ha n table
wheat. AUo wheat and corn ground for toll a tiMtal.
Xo22 - J. G. SIELV1N.
LEWIS WALDTER,
HOUSE. SIGN AXD ORNAMENTAL
GLAIZER AND PAPER HANGER.
Lr.OW.NTlIXE, X. T. I
The Newest and Iest Music
Both Vocal and intrumiintal by tbo be.-t Ameriorn
nnJ European e"aip'.r, armenr rgui.iriy every
week la the HOUSEHOLD JOURNAL. Price Four
Cents. A rew sons fctej-uca Glorer, ipcari in
No, 1, Vol 2.
cf daliij could
'P.l r.v rnu'f'.in-r
n , J - o
, b I 'J ii
the roots with coarse litter dun, the
writer tried the plan anr. found it very
successful. The mulch was applied
id the latter part of Summer, just as
the earliest buds were developing.
The ground was first thoroughly hoed
to soften the surface. As the litter
did not present a very heat appear
ance to the eye, we sprinkled over
the top of it a little fresh mown grass
from the lawn. This mulch kept the
ground from drying up, and when the
rain fell it leached through the mulch
carrying more or less liquid manure.
But the rains not being always as
abundant as we could desire, the soap
suds from the weekly wash wa3 applied
and with good effect.
The result of the whole was a fine
bloom and a constant succession of
flowers, unchecked by the prevailing
drouth. The soap suds was also ap
plied to the fol'tige, and served to
check the ravages of insects. We
advise young flourists, who are apt to
get discouraged with their dahlias, to
make a note of this. Amer. Agriculturist
Army Worm.
The parent moth of the army worm
that has proved so injurious through
out Ohio and neighboring States this
summer, is the Leucanea Extraneja.'
It is rather remarkable that this in
sect has received so little attention
from naturalists. . We have discover
ed at least three parasitic insects that
destroy the army worm, probably four
The fourtheoming Ohio Agricultural
Report will contain a full account of
the insect, its habits, changes and en
emies. For the identification of" this
moth, we are indebted to Dr. John G.
Morris, of Baltimore Maryland, au
thor of the catalogue of described
Lepidoptera of North America, pub
lished recently by the Smithsonian
Institution, at" Washington one of a
series of very valuable works on the
entomology of our country. We hope
to see them all completed as soon as
possible. Ohio Farmer.
t t - -
We should learn to look upon all things
that God ha3 made as sacred, filled
with- religious suggestions, until we do
look uponevery act of duty, every toil
for daily bread, everything we do as hav
ing a sacred tearing and significance
until we thus consecrate nature, and all
that belongs to the life of nature, we
shall have a dwarf, mean and stinted re
ligion ; a religion compromising with the
world at the best, a religion to be seen
in nooks and corners, a religion formal
and outward. Chapin.
God hears no more than the heart
speaks; and, if the heart be dumb, Heav
en will certainly be deaf.
No excellence without great later.
Paper from LeaYes or Indian Corn
According to a French journal the man
ufacture of paper from corn leaves may
be now regarded as an accomplished suc
cess. . .
The conversion of the fibers of maize
into paper is to day an industrial fact
confirmed by extensive success, and this
discovery cannot fail to influence consid
erably the price of paper. The di.cov.
ery it is true is not absolutely nw ; in
the eighteenth century th manufacture
was in operation in Italy with rermrka
ble succe?; but strange to say, the secret
wa? k?pt by thp inventor, and was hi a at
his death. Many attempts since made to
revive the manufacture have "all recoiled
before the difficulty of removing from
the leaves the silica and resinous matter
which they contain, and which cbiructs
the conversion of pulp into sheets. Hap
pily this secret has just ben rediscover
ered, and not, as would hive been an
ticipated, by a chemist, but by a Jewish
writing-master M. Moritz Diamant, an
Austrian subject to whom the new dis
covery is ?oing to give a considerable
fortune. His process is applied at the
present moment on a very large scale, at
the Imperial manufacture of Schlogtl
borcr, in Lower Austria. Although the
machinery of the establishment was con
structed for working rags, and U not all
adapted to the kind of preparition .hat
corn leaves requre, the esay which has
been male has had a prodigious success;
the paper obtained leaves nothing to be
desired in strength, hojnogeniety, polish
and whiteness. In the last point; partic
larly, the sheet from corn surpasses that
from rags, which always contain impuri
ties that can be removed only with great
difficulty.
It is Count Carl de Lippe WeissenfTeld
who operates at this moment the discov
ery of M. Moritz Diamant, interested, as
may well be Opposed, in the fabrication
of paper from maize.
According to the German journal from
which wc have borrowed the preceeding
details, the principal advantages of this
new manufacture are the following:
i. It is not solely possible to produce
from the loaves of maizs all the species
of paper manufactured at this d iy ; but
it happens, furthermore, that in several
respects this p.iper is superior to that
!;-! frorii' r.i us.
2. 3kt littK
ire the r1'
Frern the Country Gentleman.
Keep tlic Burs or all Machines
Screwed on Tiht.
This precept is seldom thought cf
when using tools and implements, until
burr has worked off, a bolt lost, or a hule
worn so large that repair is necessary,
or until a break down puts an tad to the
present operations.
"That burr worked loose, and this is
bruken inconsequence, and we are down
until we can go to the machine s-hop," h
a very familiar and oft repeated extres-ii-,n
among farmers.
Vv'hvn every part of a inachin. i
made of iron and tolled together ever
so tightly, the burrs will often work loe
as sodn as it has been in uss. fur a hurt
lime. There will always bo aliiti. rr u
dmg, a "little give and take" in almost
ev;ry portian of a machine when in
use, and lor this reason the burr should
be examined often, and if at all loose,
should be screwed up tight. When bolts
have beta put through wood, the wood
almost always shrinks a 1 j tile, after the
parts of an implement have been put to
gether, and for this reason the burs will
be a little loose, even if they were orig
inally screwed up tight.
My own practice always has been to
examine all the burrs frequently cn all
kinds of implements, and especially those
on cari.iges, and keep everything screw
ed up tight. This not only prevents un
necessary clatter, but it keeps every part
in order.
As soon as a bolt or a burr becomes
loose enough to work a very little when
an instrument is in motion, it will in a
short time begin to wear, and the great
er the play may be, that is, the looser it
is, the faster will the parts wear.
The springs of carriages, aud the
jack-irons which support the bodies, and
the claspes about the azletrees work ve
ry loose frequently, and if the burrs that
hold them in their places' are not as of
ten screwed up,, the wood will need to
be renewed again in a very short time.
I have often observed spring tars of
carriages, and the head blocks, and some
other parts, that had been spoiled com
pletely, because the burrs which secured
ihs iron work had not been screwed up
tight
The wooden frames of snrno kinds of
IIo7 Seeds arc Dlisenilnatea.'
Bird Planters. Occasionally, when
threading the woods m the fall, you will
hear a sound as if some cue had treken
a iwig, ana tooling up, see a jay peckii
at an acorn, or you will see a i;cck of
them at once about it, in the tcp tf au
oak, and hear them breaking thern cf.
They then fly .to a suitable limb, anJ
placing the acorn under cr.e foot, hammer
away at it busily, making a sound like a
woodpecker's tapping, lu0"kin-round from
time to lime to time to see if any fo h
! menu
starch is rnin d to y
' f.tr r'-Hvl:.- Ari.i:;-
1
1 j
frrrroachinr. and socti nzcl
an: nibbling at it, holdinj un their pxll
to -swallow while thev hold the remise-
very firmly with their claws. Nevsrths
theless, it often drops to the ground b-.
fore the bird has done with it. I can
confirm what William Betram wrote to
Wilson, the Ornithologist, that "the jay ia
one of the most useful agents in the econ
omy of nature, for disseminating fores;
trees and other nuciferous and hard
seeded vegetables cn which they live.
Their chief employment daring the au
tumnal season is foraging to supply their
winter stores. In performing thi3 necesr
sary duty they drop abundance cf seed in .
their flight over fields, hedge 3, and by'
fences where they allight to deposit them
in uie post nuies, etc. it is remarkab a
that numbers of young trees rise up in
the fields aal pasture? after a wet winter
and spring. These birds alcr.9 are ca.
pable, in a few years tine to replant all
the cleared lands.
uinaEL Plante3S. I haro noticed
that squirrels also frequently drop their
nuts in open land, which will still further
account for the oaks aaJ walnuts which
spring up in pastures; fcr depend on it,
every new tree comes from a seed.
When I examine the litil caks, ens or
two years old, ineuch places, I invariably
find the empty acorn from which they
sprung.
So far from the seed havirg Iain cor
mant in the soilsir.ee caks grew there
before, as many believe, it is weil known
that it is difficult to preserve the vitality
of arorns long enough to transport them
to Europe; and it is recommended ia '
Loudon's Arboretum, as the safest coarsa,
to sprout them in pots on the voyage.
The same authority states that "very few
acorns of
. : , j
nr. 7
t :
r euiia i': ;.u iu-- lacl Unit II. -j cula
leaves already coutaiu a natural ingredi
ent that takes the place of starch. This
ingredient may easily be removed if de
sired. 3. The bleaching of this paper is effected
almost instantaneously by a process the
most simple and most efficacious. It is,
furthermore, only feebly colored, and for
wrappiug paper the bleaching is entirely
unnecessary.
4. The paper from maize i3 stronger
more tenacious than the best paper made
from rags. There is none of the fragility
which characterizes paper into the com
position of which ordinary straw enters
a fragility which is principally due to the
abundance of salica contained in jstraw.
5. In tl e process invented by M. Mor
itz diamant, no species of machinery being
necessary to convert the fibers of maize
into paper pulp, and this conversion being
made by means entirely different from
those, employed in working rags, there
results a great simplification in the appa
ratus, and consequently a notable reduc
tion in the manual labor and the expense
of tne manufacture.
From the Valley Farmer.
A Grain Binder.
The Editor of the Iroquois (III.) Re
publican, says that Mr. D. W. Ayres of
that place has been for some years work
ing on a model for a grain binder, and
at one time completed and filed a caveat
for a machine that would bind with the
straw of graiu, but after consideration,
concluded that it was too complicated for
general use, tind so abandoned it. Hav
tng heard of the wire and string binders,
set himself about learning their qualifica
tions. The string binder he found would
not prove valuable for the reason that no
machinery could be made to tie a knot,
and the sheaves had to be made all one
size to suit the length of the strings (which
are made one uniform length with a knot
at each end,) else the sheaves would be
imperfectly bound or not bound at ail:
The wire binder, Mr. A. feared would
be too expensive, but on ascertaining
that wire could be furnished at a cost not
exceeding eighteen or twenty cents to
the acre, he went to work to perfect'a
wire binding machine, capable of being
attached to any ordinary reaper, and ot
binding to its full cutting capacity that
would fill all the requirements of a suc
cessful self-binder.
In this machine the simple movement
of getting the wire around the bundle,
does all the rest. The wire is carri-d
around the bundle by a revolvsrg nr.v,
attached to a crank, which prts. - ih;.
bundle together and operates the cutting
and twisting device one turn of ihe
revolving arm completely binding a bun
dle. Its capacity, when attached to a reaper,
will be fully equal to the cutting capacity
of the reaper, and will bind a iarge or
small bundle equally well. As the :rain
is ralced from the board on which it falls
directly into the binder, it of course does
not touch the ground until it is bound int i
a sheaf, and the ground over which ti.
machine passed at tbe trial was ah:i.j.
as clear of straw as if none had ever
grown there.
. . . -! t.jf V ... ' k .It'. . .i , - .. 1 ' I . .'
ber th It h is been 'Aeil s-3.--..Ti- (1, vL
joints tecum veiy loose, it the burrs i
are not tightened,'they will soon become
so much worn that the parts must be made
new again.
When an implement that has heen
made in the winter is used 'in the burn
ing sunshine, the bolts will dilate a lit
tle, and if the burrs are not tightened
at that time, if the implement is in use,
the bolts will become more and more loose
E. S. Todd
wit
sr."
:.l . -
n it
Unfermentea Bread.
Bread is a matter which comes home to
the stomaches of everybody, and we would
say word on fermented and unfermented
bread. In bread-making the only pur
pose served by fermentation, is tlie gen
eration of carbonic acid to raise the dough,
and to effect this a quantity of yeast is
mixed with flour. But the same purpose
is gained by mixing a quantity of carbon
ate of soda-with the flour, with a corres
ponding proportion of muriatic acid, and
bread so formed is more nutrious and
economical. This kind of bread never
sours on the stomach. By this method
bread can be made in two hours, and it
saves both time and labor. The ingredi
ents are simple, and costs but litile.
Fermentation always destroys more or
less of the flour, besides otherwise injur
ing it for the purpose of assimilation.
A large proportion of the bread in some
communities, is scarcely more than an
active form of yeast, thrown into the
stomach only to produce fermentation
and a host of disorders. And then we
witness-, of course, the blue vapors, which
under different aspects, are as ruinous to
the welfare and peace of a family ns are
those of a distillery The proportion of
acid and soda (baktng soda) directed to
be used, may be thought too great, in
which Case they may be varied at discre
tion. The following formula is recommended
for unfermented bread : Take of flour
three pounds, bicarbonate of soda nine
dranchms, hydrochloric acid, 11, specific
gravity 1 16-100. About 25 oz. of water
will be required to form the dough.
First mix the soda and flour a3 thoroughly
as possible. This is best done ty shaking
the soda (in fine powder) from a sieve
over the flour with one hand, while the
flour is stirred with the other, and then
passing the mixture once cr more through
the sieve. Next pour the aciJ into the
water, and diffue it by stirring them well
t.iethr. av.ndintr the use of any mdalir.
n ii .t? V.n' acid might come in con
:act wlh. Thn mix the flour and water
m prepared as speedily as possible. The
dough should be put into a quick oven
speedily. This manner of making bread
will, if practiced, be found to be a great
improvement, a id advantageous compared
with the fermenting method, and also the
quality will be found vastly superior to
the antique "leavened bread." C. J.
Robi.vsox, in "Country Genffc.ian."
germinate .
hat teach
?rties ens
: - 'S2lJer:i
1 have frequently found that ia
ed."
November almost every aeorn left on tha
ground had sprouted or decayed. What
with frost, drouth, moisture, and worms,
the greater part are soon destroyed. Yet
it is statH.l by one botanical writer that
"acorns that have Iain for centuries, cn
being plowed up, have soon vegetated.
Thorean.
nomc-TTork and 02cc-or:r,
The end of education, say3 th Satur
day Review, is to fit its subjects for that
station and those duties in which th:3
chances are their future life will be spent.
As things are, it is likely, while the sexes
retain their present equality, that our
girls, whom it is sought to put down t
the desk and the counter, will have to
abandoned them when they become wives
and mothers. In other words, thrir fu
ture life is to be wives, and not book
keepers md accountants. All the time,
therefore, that they employ in the counting-house,
is so much time lost; it not
only does not fit them, tut positively
unfits them for their future duties. We
all know that factory-girls make the worst
wives; anl if the ideal of the aivecatss
of won. en's work were carried cut, all '
classes of society would but repeat, under
modifications, the type of a factory-wife.
Given a factory-girl and a domestic ser
vant, and which dees the working-man
chouse ? This single circumstance dis-'
po-es of all the fantastic claims which
are urged for introducing unmarried
females to business. We utterly deny
that a girl in a respectable family does
not earn the honorable tide cf a worker,
though she only be employed in assisting
in housekeeping ana at the famuy wor;
table, just as fairly and as completely a3
if she walked to a solicitor's criice for an
eight hours daily taslc tf co-'yi:.-- briris
and making out bills cf costs. We de
cline to limit woman's work to that nar
row and unnatural estimate which con
fines it to an equivalent fur ?i diy's pay.
It is not always, and not gt-m-raily, th
duty of every girl to "o out' jlio ths
wcrld
"They alio earro wLo on' tt:ni asJ wilt."
Industry.
Employ thysef in something good. Dj
good to thy frir-ti-j ; thine enemy, that he
may become thine friend. Toreverence
thy father is good. Take care of thy
b.idy. It is better to love to hear than
to love to speak. It 13 better to know ma
ny things than to be ignorant cf all.
Hi a frier.dto virtua, a stranger to vice.
Govern thy tongue. Learn to tear mis
fortune.
Carls? Wounded Trees.
Take two parts of cow manure, cno
part lime rubish, old plaster preferred.
i ...
Di crv,i fr 'hi'K- own sa'isfic'.i en and
no r
! Let th"?" in -'
-f c'-y.
i . t
truth eveu gray hairs ary t-j h-i disregarded.
and dead wot.d.
