l'1v.i.""I",usl"11"
0BNAS & L7ANNA,
c.kler' Bloolc, Main Street,
,j story
CVttV
II CI
advance,
tbe endof
ill be furnished at $" 60 rer
V l M
Ay vysy
v
(
'vy Ay &y Ay Ay
. , ; -
1 : ., :
"Free to Forra and Regulate ALL their Domestic Institutions In their ottii ray, subject only to tne Constitution of the United States."
pf 'V5 Tw cwk ccompniei tbe order, not
- V
-.-.
THE ADVERTISER,
RATSS or AOVEKTIDINQi
One iqqitt(10 ilne'jrltsi)jneinertl;a, - - fl f
Sacti .1Ji;u cai iiisc tUon, -------
One sqnare. one lt'W-ii, - - - - - - -
BisiQ03Cirv!sul jiilincior lei ,one yerf -one
Column one year,
One-half Column vae year, -------
Oue fourth CoKuin cue year. .--OueeiKhth
Coiuuiu one year, ------
OnecolnranaU months.
One hall Column .x mor:b,
One fonrth Column tlx months,
Oae ei:;tuh Colutin six mouths , - - -
One Column three month, -------
One half Ci-lnmnthree months, - -
One fonnh Colnnm three month a, - - - -
Oneeuti'.h Column three oiontts, - - .
aacinjcandidatestor oce (in advant e,)-
4 i i
2 f
5 C
f'J f
Ji t J
JJ t
1 t "
US b
iJ 0
10 ti
S to
S3 O
13 1.0
Id O
e co
,'OL. V.
BEOWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, APRIL 4, 1861.
NO. 39.
-rrr s s cards
' V, 'i '.o q BEDFORD,
1 AND
;
A. aCHOEKHElT
jCnn & Scboenluit.
FORNEYS AT LAW,
0UClT0RsN''cHAKCEUy,
Corner Fir.t ana Xcbraka
d on
,HnHlf-
T V rTCfMlCO
fKES PEAK GOLD!
IIVU God and advance
Tvo CARSON.
,0 AND EXCIUSGE BBOKEB
U0. i.t.LL.. oMrf
Hav'm; perm
anently located in
OffVVJLLE, NEBRASKA.
il ,:re f Medicine d SurKery . i-n-
ntt 1 l ' '
5,. ,r.,K"""--
rf
. i ' e i i i :i 1) "
U D
'.i- (-.11.1
. ..f
"rike's Icali, or Bust."
HEW
PROVISION STORE,
AKD
DRY GOODS HOUSE.
INTo. 11, IMaizx atroot,
BROWITVILLE, II. T.
J. BEffiLia Y & Co
ITare Just completed their new busineca house on
Main Street, near the U.S. Land Office, in Brownville
where they hare opened oat and areufferiDg on tbe most
favorable terma,
CUAIITER OAK
Life Insurance Company,
Hartford, Conn.
incorporated by the State of Connecticut.
Capital Stock $200,000.
With larxc and increai'ingsurpluareceiits,secare-
j invested under the sanction and approval of the
Comptroller of Public Accounts.
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS:
JAMES C. WALKLEY, President,
JOHN L. UNCE, Vice President.
ELIAS GILL, Secretary.
E. D.DIUKEU.MAN,Genefftl Agent.
Dry Goods, Provisions,
Of all Kinds,
FLOUR, CONFECTION ARIES,
GULC AM) DRIED FIIUITS,
Choice Liquors, Cipars,
And a "thousand and one," other things everybody
needs.
CALL AND EXAMINE OUR STOCK U8-tt
Brownvilie, Aprl' 26, ly
DIAECTOES:
Alfred Oil!, Daniel Phillips, JohnL.Bunce.
It. lilodget, J. A. Butler, E. I). Piokerman
A.Wheaton, ram. L.oit. AeUon llollister,
James C. Walkley.
iiie;oi-3 ,
i u i .-c'Mve i
,..,-'e I'""'
.,.... i.. Iii-.nr f(--l
...... .vlp'hll'C : I. I IM . 1 !
x lifiit , .1 ir.5-.cniti JIi
O'B eit t3ity DrucS'. i e.
35 1
I . . i LI 1 Vi
1 Attorney at Law ,
)R 0 WXV1L L E , X. T.
uiim BOOK
BINDERY,
COUNCIL BLUFFS. IOWA.
WILLIAM F. IIITER.
May 17, 1H6U.
A.iniIUAi HOUSE.
IN
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
P. J. HENDGEN,
nprpbv notifiesthe onblicthat he has purchased the
N-bra.k"a H.iut-e in Brownville.N.T., formerly kept by
T. J. Kdwards. and has remodeled, renovateu ana enti
rely changed tbe whole house from cellar to garret,
with an especial view to neatness, conif rt and conve
nience. Having bad many vears experience aa a boiei
kopnpr.be feels safe in warrantinKtheboardinp patron
age f Brownville. and tbe traveling public that while
at the American, they wilt bavenoreaaon to complain
of the fare in any respect.
Tbe Hotel i Vituated immediately ai me aieamooai
I.amline. foot of Maintreet. and consequently affords
arivantncp to tbe travelinn community The
proprietor asks but to be tri d,s.n1 if not found worthy,
discarded.
January, 19 1860. 2S-tf
ITlijohnson, m. t
lYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Office at U.C.Jobnan'i Law Office,
;r,t Street, between Main and Water
kksatclics & Jewelry.
J. SCHITTZ
. nf Brwnville
WonlnuonnreioiQr..w.-r- - urnnr) A CTr A "CAT? TVf VT?
.mi vi.inllv that he has locaieu i i. XIXj 1.H a.
ASI?;! to JIKricvIh.re. Storl.
n. tunnn nil t uo ... . -.
Horticulture. JLxhamsm. Lrfitratwn.
Published at Brownville. A T.
... . k Tli Vlll llHQ UU 111 iawc
:;;;i:;.tcbes.ndiewelry. AU work war-
4.
6 Ladies of Brownville,!
! M3S. MARY HEWti I
t.!)'..un-esthnt he hs just reeeiv.-d from the
I mn'-nificent Murk
(ILLLNEKY GOODS
t Conitinirf
RAW, FRENCH CHIP,
GIMP LEGHORN,
I SILK, & CRAPE
BONNETS.
vn. Vi riM,.r inir I rimminc. Ribbons, etc,
hi.hheinvitesihe attention ot the Ladies of
uvilleand vicinity. feeling AS5ure.l U.ey cannot
t',eruitp4 ia style. Quality or unce.
ipril 12,1880
HOT LITEMT11
j NEWSPAPERS,
( AND
Period-icalG,
; U every description, for sale at
5 SCHIITZ & DEUSER'S
IT.ERARY DEPOT,
outh-east corner Main and second,
REOWNVILLE, N. T.
it.;M.isr,o f-ntll
! E. S. DUNDY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
i AaCREK, RICHARDSON CO. N. T.
r'Lt practice in the several Courts of tbe id Judicial
itt.tnd attend to all matters connected with the
-Mun Wm JtcI.tNXAK Esq.. if Nebraska Oity,
Mitmein the irosecuun ollmporUinauith
51-ll-t
On the first of every month n $1 a year for sn
ijle copies: ?ix copies, $5; Thirteen copit , H
7enty copies, $15.
The volume berHnUct. 1st, isav. specimen nnm-
era furniihed ratison application. Back number
an be furnished.
Will every friend of Agriculture and Educatiot
n VeSrafkM. Northern Kansas. ouihern Iowa, and
Northt-rii Missouri, lend a helping hand, to establish
and main til ii a journal devoted exclusively to the
interesfs abov- nnuwd
S. B. Uiresford.M D. ConsultingPhysician.
A. S. Holladav.M I), Medical Examiner.
Application received by R.W.FURNAS. Ag't.
Brownville, 1
Dissolution.
The partnership heretofore existing under the name
and style of Lushbaugh at Caraon at Brownville, Ne
braska, was, on the Oral day of November, dissolved by
mutual consent, by the withdrawal of B. F. Lnshbaugb
John L. Carson will settle the unfinished business of
the old firm and contine the Banking and Real Estate
Agency business as heretofore at the old stand.
B. I . LISII BAIiH
Nov. 1st, 1860. JOHN. L. CARSON.
In severing my business connexion with my late part
ner, I deem this a proper opportunity oi expressing my
thanks for the patronage bestowed upon our firm, during
the period in which we were engaged in busings.
It affords me nuch pleasure also to commend to the
favorable consideration of the friends of tbe old firm my
successor in business, Mr. Carson, a gentleman in every
way worthy of the confidence and support of a discrim
inating public.
JOHN L CARSON
(Successor to Lusbbaugh & Carson,
S S. 3ZI
LAND AND TAX PAYING
Dealer in Coin, Uncurrent JJoney, Land
Warrants, Exchange, and Gold Dust
MAIN STREET.
DROWS VI S EUR ASK A.
1 will give especial attention tobnying and selling ex-
-1.31'c t the p. ii.cipal nties of the tinted Mates and
Kr.ri.re. i. id isiiver. uucuTent riana unis. anu
fti, d Pst, On! !poti.'!i m.KiP ')ti all accessaoie points,
at il j,rocce!s remitted iu exchange at current tales.
Dt j-i-iMtf ve-eivei on current account, and interest al
Kwed 'n special deposits.
OFFICE.
nJ STRUCT. BETWEEN THE
Telegraph and the U. S.
Land Offices.
The Sclioul House.
NUMBER II.
' The Church, and the School House are
the index to a communitie's morality, in
ttelligence and prosperity. By these the
atachrr forms his opinions as he passes
long; by these the emigrant attracted
and eucourajft d to cast in hi lot for life ;
and to these we niui cling for success in
life and salvation in eternity. Through
the schovl and tn thurch the world is en
lightened. As y t bu: few s hocl houses
have been erected, owing' to the scarcity
of or population and the inability of our
I eople. These are difficulties which have
to be met and overcome in all new coun
tries. A few will have to take the lead,
and by fighting discouragements and coax
inc the backward and lukewarm they will
succeed. Those who stand aloof at first
or even oppose the undertaking, will
when they see things going along without
them fall in with the current and pull
with ih ir neiirhbor.s. Bv iniu-i t ' ami
persevt ranc wui.dt r tai) It
plithed.
plates around its walls. Let your children
be so surrounded in the school that when
the eye wanders from the book or slate it
' may gather knowledge at every oberva
j ti.m, and leal n lessons uf instruction when
j wearied with the assigned task. These
silent educators are power! ul mediums
for conveying great truths. Many a
scholar has learned more from the walls
of the school room than from his books
and teacher together. Let your children
take pride in adorning and adding to the
comforts and beauty of the school house.
But do not leave them thtn alne without
a word of encouragement or sympathy in
their doings.. Visit the school; lend
your assistance if necessary, but more
particularly your advice. Let them see
that you appreciate their labors, and take
an interest in their education. In this
way you will instill the principle of order;
you will foster a habit of neatness and
practical cleanliness, not only at the
school room, but at home, and you will
accomplish more in correcting the morals
and adorning the lives of your sons and
daughters, than by daily sermons and
lectures, or years of admonition and cor
rection. 'Tis well to see a judicious spirit of
accoin- ; emulation pervading a district ; to see the
people taking a just pride in their own
In offering some stjgjrt siions relative to s-huol. It sp. aksforthe intelligence and
. . w l 1 t a 1
ei.aracter ot me people, aua is seen to
advance ih m in prosperity. An intelli
g tit people are always a law abiding
people ; moral and humane in their deal
ings with mankind. Now is the time to
lay the foundation for a sound morality, a
prosperous future and an undying good
to the present generation. Let us, then,
be alive to our present duty to our chil
dren and our God. Ero.
Nebraska City, JV. 7.
REFERENCES:
Lind & Brothee Philadelphia, Fa
J. W. Carson & Co.,
Hiser. Dick & Co.
Tounc & Carson,
Jeo. Thompson Mason, Cl'r of Port, " "
wm. T Smiths..!), Esq.. Hanker. wasningtoti: u. c
Baltimore, Md.
J. T. Stevens. Esq., AU'y at l aw,
Then is not a post office Jno. S. Gailaher, ate 3d Aud U. S.T.
within the rogi n named but can and ought to Tarior &. Knegh, Bankers,
furnish a club ..f at least 10 ubseribers. Send - ''' ' 7" -
along wnnoui n'-iaj.
Terms in Advance.
$ 1.00
Chicago. 111.
St. L,ui, iM ..
' Annap"iis, M1.
Mei cei sburc P.,
Ilagcrtown. Aid
One copy, one year.
6 00
10 00
15 00
1.00
Six copies.
Thirteen copies, one year,
Twenty crples '
Four copies, three months
Kates of Advertisements.
A Card ot 6 linesor less, one insertion, $1.00
" eacnaddit'nlinsertion 75
one year 6 00
One Fourth Column, " 10 00
One naif Column, " 20 00
One Column. " S5.00
Pavable quarterly in advance. Tearly advertisers are
Mowed to changetheir advertisements quarterly.
lion. Jas. O. Carson,
P. B. Smali. Esq., Pres'tS. Bink,
Col. Geo. Schly, Att'y at Law,
Col. 5m. Hambleton, Att'y at Law, Easton, Md.
Judge Thos. Perry, Cumberland, Md
Prof. H. Tutwiler, Havana. Aiaoma.
aov. a, iotu-ii.
T. M. TALBOTT,
DENTAL SURGEON,
ilavinz located himself in Urownville. N. T.,teu
aers his orotessionai services to inecommunuy.
AU jobs warranted.
NEBRASKA
Carriage anil Wajson
MANUFACTORY.
BROWA'VIEEE, IV. T.
S. E. & J. T. BERKLEY,
J. D. N. THOMPSON,
A WflTfTTCT! that thev have commenced ;le
Justice of tbe Peace and Manufa5tureof
Conveyancer,
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA
rakes acknowledgements f Deeds Marries People
&...&C Office nrbt door south of Maun Co's & Dru
Store.
Brownville Jnne 2tst,
"COnri. JtilCHOLLADO; ALEXIS ICI0
, lU'GIILS & IIOEEtDAl,
N'is. 1. Citv Buildings.
AIM LOUIS - - - MISSOURI.
j MVDD & HOM..4DAY,
J Ko. 140, Pearl Street,
roiluci. and Uommission
3vr nricn ants.
; e acrca iv permission to
J Powet. Lerri Lemun, - - St. Joseph,
. TKttf St Parleigh, . ...
T. kj Curd . - . . .
Nv. McC rd iCo., ...
.
Merchant Tailor.
JACOB FtlARHON,
2VX I3ST 11X231-07,
BROWNVILLE, N. T.
Adontf 'his method of returning thanks to the
BntU-men of this vicinity . for the liberal patron-
si bestowed up' ii him heretofore, and to announce
that be hasjust returnea iroui oi. uouisnu
FRESH STOCK
Of every article of
GENTLEMEN' WEAR,
Consisting of
FINE CLOTHS,
SXJ3VX3H3IFL GOODs,
CoTTOS, LlNNIN AND SlLK GOODS,
FOR MEN'S WEAR.
Woolen, Cotton, and Silk Undershirts, drawers
estinzs. Hall Hose, uspcndeis, Ac. lnsbort,cv-
ery thing a gentleman coulddesire to array himself
in the gayest attire, lie wmseii tnegooas, ortnase
cniiainiin orm stvif piiiiii to tiiiT ntner nouse
-ASTIXGS, SPRIXQS. AXLES, FILEM vnJwbere- IIMk$bntnxaminatun of hisg-ods
CARRIAGES,
WAGONS,
BUGGIES,
SULKIES.
In the City of Brownville. They have both hurt
mnnv vears experience in Eastern Manufacturie.
md natter themseves they will be able to please the
public both in work and prices.
' ... i- j r ,Hvl. - I uii a1 ir.
All Ktuasoi repin ring i umfti j "
XXTo .sl3C rSut . rial.
T. E. & J. to. BERKLEY.
15rownville,May,S, 1860.
CITYLIVBBYSTABL
AND
A. C O X S J A L, E ,
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
IRON, STEEL, NAILS,!
HAC KSMlTirS TOOLS Correspond ivith the Present Hard
Prices,
A'SO: IM)!?. SnnVp nrttl "Rpnt Rtnff
- I m v 7 va avvii i AAA A
' Third Street, between Felix and Edmond.
SAINT JOSEPH, MO.
t "inch he sells at St. Lonis prices for cash.
; Dtrl p,dd,OTScrap Iron
597 1859.
jUXXIDAI. & ST. JOSEPH R. R.
Times.
April 12, IR60.
r
FALL AERAXtiEMEXTS.
j Jnitit Train leV St. Joseph at
rain Trin !.... S.n A,. .
3
:00
C:10
Phi reached by the Western St.i?e Line.
avetime an i nreonie taine hv thi-: utte.
:"tn.cti'in. ro.ade at tlnnih.il with il ''Ki-tern
t ,? e
i j """-n tulroadf andPi. ketv
n Hit swoon, 8'ip't., H:tiiii!al.
j p e Svwiw. G-'ti-ral Aaortt, St. Joe.
j iB.GRQAT,G. Ticket Aarnt. Hin'bal
eo. H,u. G. T. Aj't, Brownville.
aaber 54, 1869.
Land Warrants,
For Casli and on Tixno
e re prepared tu loan Land Warrauts of ati sites to
aettlers on such time as they may desire lonii or short
ai me usual rates.
A constant sr.pply of Warrant will be kent on hand
for saieas cheap as they can be bought elsewhere in
town.
Buy of regular dealers and beware of bogus warrants.
AH m-.rrants unlit lr lift will it. iru ..-.. t k.
i ---- . - - j k m. . ii , rr v w
piiiiii in in cciy rcsprvi in o cxcoangetl ir uc-
lective.
Bim oermanentlv located in Brownville. we can al
ways le found at the old Mand a few do:rs eaat of the
rwnvni House
LUSH B AUG IT At CARSOX,
Rtnkfrs nut lpprj in Land Warrants.
J. 3. WESTON.
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Brownville. NebrRk.
'TJ-O.'Sceon Main Street, one Uuor above tbe Post
wmce.
B.-ownviUe,Drcember 1, 1S59.
ROGERS & BROTHER.
ANNOUNCES to tbe public that he has pnrchased the
Livery Stable and Stock formerly owned by William
R..-e;i and added thereto One stock and is now pre; ar
ed to accommodate the public with
Carriages,
Buggies,
Sulkies,
Saddles Horses
&c. kc
THE TRAVELLING PUBLIC
Can find at hi1- Stable tinipie ''-i.rftr'to'jatifirs for
horses, mules or c.ttt i.
KX.TAM:X ii JOSHT'A F.OGEP.S
Brownvillej Oct. IS. ISpO.- nlb-yiy
Lime ! Lime ! ! Lime ! ! !
The nndertigned whoe kilr are i'r? it'! r.-'-r r'i' e
west of Brownville, on tbe road lesdirp t-Ft . Kfnrrry
keeps constantly on hand a very snprii-r article of
lime, to which he invites tbe attention of tb"-se wish
ing The Lime will be delivered at tbekiln or at aty
other point in thecounty, asdesired.
Feb. 9, i860 em z. M. LOvi.
i ii ji. .1 i iii
2uiioui uouses auo now y mhh io r.f
turnished, I do not aLticij-a' j . i - -1 1 r
very one. Each district mui !. gov
emtd by its own poculiar tircuuts'iaiuvs.
Wtalth, population and character of the
people, must be considered with other
local questions, which only can be met
and overcome as they arise. My object
is to be as practically suggestive as the
subject and brevity of this article will al
low, in order to give some general ideas
from which our people can glean some
thing for present use in school house
building:
1st. Before you commence to build be
sure that you are fully prepared to finish.
In choosing a location for your house keep
the following in view, select your ground
(one acre at hat) as near the center of
thr district and as convenient to the pub
ic highway a.s possible. Do not under
any consideration set ' your houe on low
damp ground, but on the contiary let th
aite be high and any, (n -t too much -x-
posed,) and takn g in as vud.' a range o
countiy as postiLU .
2d. Under all ordinary circumstances
build your house large enough to seat
sixty scholars, so as to allow tor increase
of population. The following dimensions
will be found very suitable tor country
districts and costing not over 500 when
finished : 22 feci by 32, with one door in
the end, a hall or rtcesa ot 6 fed with
htlv' s and puis tr baskets. shawU,
'ciincts, cap-, etc., and iwo dtor.-. leading
I I 1 '! II t ,
lut j tl.e fCiiuui. room, iiiisi win o-: long
enough tor four rows of double sats,
three aisb-?, nachtrs platform, etc.
3d. By ke ping in view the proper ar-
a
rangemmt ot the school room while
building, it will cost but little more, if
any, to seat and furnish it conveniently,
than otherwise, lhe end of th1 room.
opposite tht- doors, should be finished lor
painting insteau ot a t.latkboaru. lnis
can be U'Hjh y Muootning uie seeonu
coaling ot plaster, and painting black,
without the hard finu-h. A recess of
thrt e feet should be left along this end
ftr the scholars to occupy duriug recita
tion and board exercise. The teacher's
platform, raist d eight inches, and black
board should be between the doors. The
desk should be made to seat two pupils
each, inert asing in height from the front
back, so as lo accomn odate scholars of all
m. II r . 1 . -1
sizes, ine seats an racing, tne teacner s
platform and board, so that he can have
their attention at any lime, to make rn-
deinoiist rations or explanation.- n th
board, and have ;hem for lu'ur. r f- r
ence. The utility mid i oneni' .-.? f uns
arrangement of seats and 1 lack board.-,
cannot fail to commend tin approbation
and approval of every living, jrogre.-sivr-
tducator in our Territory.
4th. Paint your house inside r.nd out,
you will gain by the outlay. Fence in
your school grounds, and see that a good
varuty of shade and ornamental trees is
set out icjmediaiely. Let each scholar
be encouraged to assist in beautifying the
grounds and planting trees and f.hrubtery,
and let it be distinctly understood that
vour teacher shall take charge of the
school house and grounds as well as your
children. This all can be accomplished
with very little expense, if each parent
will do a little and encourage the children
in their work. If order and neatness
reigns without the school room, with taste
and cleanliness within, no fear of disorder
or filthy slovenliness among the scholars.
Put a rowdy into a school room, where
evervthinsr is clean and orderly, and he
will not only be afraid to act boisterous
or rowdvish, but he will feel ashamed to
break the harmonv of everythinff. If
dirty, rest assured that next day will find
him neat and trim as be knows how. But
on the other band, put the best and most
orderly pupil into a room where every
thing is in disorder, I ackless benches,
slab-side desks, open floor, broken win
dow, etc., and his pen kntte comes out in
stinctively as if such thing were only
placed there for whittling ar,u aeracing.
I need not arcjue thi point, fur all who
have evtr carried a pr: kr-i.V, or read
h'.n:-tn ea".ire. kn..w that '.Lis is so.
In V.-p.L.T t.- insure- Hiceess in t.(Li:;r.
it ,-, ,t -! .. v., !.; t;i hnf its if t:ii;v.
Written for the Nebraska Farmer.
Western Agriculture Success and
Failure.
BY R. O. THOMPSON.
For seven years I have had a home
in the West, and for seven years my ob
servation has extended over a portion of
Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota and Nebraska.
In all this time it has been apparent I
have talked and written it that our far
mers do not study their own interests ;
do not, as a majority, look to the advanc
ment of igriculture. They appear to be
content with the common necessaries of
life wliich keep soul and body together ;
and when this is don they feel that all
ia well. Almost every seasen, if the
ground is plowed, and s wed, a remu
nerative crop will be the result: yet a
higher state of cultivation is required at
your hands, farmers of Nebraska. Let
your land be well and deeply plowed
each year before seeding. If not natu
rally drained, let it be done before yon
commit any seed to the earth. For upon
well drained, deeply plowed, highly cul
tivated land, where you now get thirty to
fifty bushels of corn " to the acre, you
might have from eighty to one hundred;
where you get twenty bushels cf wheat
you might have forty or fifty.
Let the truth of these statements awa
ken a feeling of inquiry in the minds of
every farmer in the West. They have
but to turn to New York or New Hamp
shire, Pennsylvania or Ohio, for the
truth of what we assert. How is this,
my friends, that the limestone hills of the
East, now cultivated more than half a
century, can produce almost double that
-I .th deep rich soil of our prairie? It
is this: They cultivate, recuperate, re
new. Let me lay down a course for you
and those who try it will then satisfy them
selves upon this important question.
Every Spring, -carefully place in a pile
all the manure from your stable and cattle-yards;
let it there remain at decom
position until the next Spring, and then
spread il over your ground evenly, at the
rate of tw nty loads to the acre ; and al
so save, and when thoroughly leached,
put on all the ashes you make in the year
This should then be plowed in deeply,
and the crop raised upon it will pay you
2 per day that season for your labor ex
pended more than upon "wild" land.
The soil in all localities, particularly our
prairies, needs taming. To do this it
must have air, ventilation and warmth
The earth, twelve inches below the sur
face should be thrown up with a subsoil
plow, to get that air, while the surface,
which has been cultivated, and exposed
to frost, air and heat, should no v." tike
its place. I am but a young men wi:h
not one tenth the ipfrience of nir.ny in
Nebraska si!'. 1 ';:dv. a;-i think cth-
' great tu'd
!i.rai matter; i'
A change of crops should be made
every two or three years, if notoftener.
This, as a general thing, ensures much
better crops than when one Lind of grain
is sown upon the same land for a number
of years. The idea so prevalent in ma
ny parts of the West, that "book tann
ing" will not pay, must be eradicated
from the minds of the farmers of Ne
braska. It is the only farming that is
profitable and progressive.
While conversing with an editor two
years ago, I was surpised to hear him
dep eciate the Eastern Agricultural pa
persthe "Country Gentleman," and the
"Agriculturist," in particu-.ar. He tho't
they were filled up with "auificial ma
nures, "new Inventions." and articles
upon "draining," and "drain tile." Now
friends I would cot be without the 'Coun
try Gentleman' for ten dollars a year.
It is worth more than that annually to
me in this same "book farming," and
trom the present tone of the Nebraska
farmer I shall place it upon the same
list.
Men who will depreciate the adranc-
ment and perfection of farming should
receive the distrust and condemnation of
every western go-ahead farmer. These
are the very men who say that the Dwarf
Pear cannot be grown here ; or, perhaps
any kind of fruits. And we agree with
them, unless the land is well under-drained,
and receives a deep, rich cultivation.
Manures, well rotted and composted,
must be applied freely, for the roots of
the Anger Quince do not go far for food
the stock upon which the pear is dwarf
ed. To be successful in farming, a man
must study the law3 of growth and decay
of the properties of the earth and the
compositions of which it i3 formed. Wheat
this is done; when every farmer has
become a reader, thinker and reasoner,
upon these important matters, then, and
net till then, we will have success.
Aebrashy City, JV. T.
possible, leaving the trees to be frozen
to death by the first cold of November,
which Nebraskians generally know to lo
very severe; then if we would ensure
good, perfect growth, and soundness in cur
fr.it trees, see that the surface cf tho
plat, at least immediately arour.J the trees,
is protected from the frosts of fall and
winter, and also kept damp in Spring an 1
early summer ly a covering of some kind.
Stable manure I have always found best
for protection and growth cf trees ; only
if tresh unrotted manure is ised (acd
this is the best for the purpose mentioned)
see that it does not touch the tody cf thy
trees. ,
J. F. B.
Cass co., X. T.
ers 5hcn'
p rf. rt
-".rr;"
tid
in p:
ant: : t a ; , i r . ir
1 I . . " . . 1 w.
tK--a.ii' s- v r. ; -:rr. r. it t ;w i. iicu
.1,
1
r.-l r,!i pi-
Make
be s-il- nt lenrV. r .of tbeee thirds.
them not ( niv ;trartive rut instructive
exhibiting map;, chart; and phydclci
wit a :
va:e.
I f- f IT
,c. :,:.z'.:",'
V.
.!u.?iiiSr and re-r-rd'.i'.".
i -ns thru
Wf- she-ial ch?f----
it.v s familiar
Written for tbo Nebraska Farmer.
Suggestions.
Mb. Editor: For more than a month
past I have delayed writing for th2 Farm
er, because during that time I could not
find the leisure necessary. And now, in
what ought to be a hurrying lime, this
cold morning of the 20th of March, our
ground being too much frozen for har
rowing in wheat, affords an excuse for
taking time to write a few lines for my
wn improvement, and hoping my expe
rience, or suggestions may be of sufficient
interest to awaken a spirit of inquiry and
experiment in and by the farmers of Nebraska.
In the March number of the Farmer
it is said that he who sows his Spring
wheat as early a3 the ground will per
mit can rely on a better crop than he who
delays till a good day comes. In this
section, I admit, that in nearly all, per
haps in every year, tbe earliest ripening
wheat is the plumpest, and weighs the
most. It is contended, however, that the
early sown wheat is always the most smut
ty, injuring the flour, and of course, les
soning the price in market. I would sug
gest to farmers, through the columns of
our paper, to note the time of sowing
wheat this year, 1S61, with the result at
harvest, and communicate their experi
ence to their neighbors through the Far
mer. In connection, note also, whether
sown in new or near full moon ; and al
so whether very ripe or unripe seed was
sown. There are those who believe the
mo;n has great influence on vegetation,
and think it necessary to plant in new or
or full, or pprhaps in the old moon, ac
cording to the kind of seed to be planted.
A well conducted series of experiments
is needed, in order to satisfy new begin
ners whether the moon's influence is re
al or imaginary. I would urgently and
respectfully request farmers in the far
west to give their experience in this mat
ter. In regard to orchards, the question is
asked, can we raise fruit in Nebraska ?
Most assuredly we can! Wild fruit is
abundant, and cultivated fruit trees may
be nearly if not quite as hardy as wild.
Only protect the cultivated trees as wIi
as the wild are bv nature. We f r,-! th-u
the laws cf r.ature prc-;h:r- a t
cov.;rii.g of the whri- s::r
in-;;;;-:' i arlv
i k. - ps it fr-..-i:i trv-zin -t har't t -
! wir.t-r, a.-., i :i!.-o retire! t Sr r
jircr. This protection t . th.2 roots i- cr.e
! rea-"n for wild rr forr-t tr lei
hardy that: cultivated one-?. The grour.d
around the bttpr being r.rikod ar1 nr.pr.-;-
j '.tceu .n tany spring, men, agam in
the fall the ground is made as naked as
Written for the Nebraska Famer.
Implie Yersus Sorgl-o.
Mr. Editor : I see in the Marchnurn
ber of the Farmer a letter from Mr. Grif
fen, Table Rock, N. T., in which he at
tempts to answer a communication cf mino
relating to "African Sugar Cane." Now,
when 1 penned that article I did not wish
to enter in'o a controversy with any per
son, but I intended, if possible, to prevent
the farmers from being humtuged into
purchasing Imphe seed at an exorbitant
price. I will not attempt to gainsay Mr.
G's. statement, neither will he mine, when
he is as well posted in Imphe as I am.
Mr. G. only claims to have one years
experience, I have had three with the
same result. I will, therefore, copy my
last experiment from my farm took,
though it was so dry I only realized half
a crop, yet the difference is as great every
time:
May 1st: Planted one-fourth cf an
acre of Imphe and one-fourth of an aero
of Sorgho, on the tame kind of ground
but sufficiently far apart to prevent mixing.
Plowed it three times and hoed it twice.
The first seed of the Inpho was ripe aluut
the 23th of July, that of the Sorgho about
the 15th of August. About the middle
of August the Imphe was ready to work,
the Sorgho was ready about the 1st cf
September.
Sept. 15th: Ground on a enst ircnmiil
ten rows of Imphe eight rods long which
produced fifty gallons rjf juice and mador
ten gallonsof molasses. Ground ten rows
of Sorgho the same length, produced
eighty-seven gallons and a half of juica
and made twelve gallons and a half of
molasses.
Cost of cultivating and preparing tho
Imphe for the mill, 83,27. Allow one
half for working up, which is customary,
we have ten gallons worth 50ets a gallon,
5.00. Profits from Imphe SI. 72.
Cost of cultivating and preparing for
the mill one-fourth acre Sorgho, 3,27.'
Allow one-fourth for working tip, v.-a
have twelve gallons and a half cf molas
es, worth 6,25. Profits fron Sorgho
-S2.07.
Balance in favor of Sorgho SI, 22.
There were fifteen varieties of Imphy
introduced into the United States, I hav?
-ix distinct varieties differing as widely
from each other as from Sorgho. Ferhapa
Mr. G. has a superior kind, if so I hopo
he will be successful in introducing it..
But the Sorgho answers a good purpose
for making sugar and molasses when
properly cultivated. I can manufacture
Sorgho equal to golden syrup with aa little
trouble as you would have making maple
syrup. To make Imphe as good I waa
obliged to put through a course of cleans
ing both tedious and difficult.
J. F. Rices.
Dodge county, N. T.
. r !:.:.:h-
th' fl of ti, vm: v.l.ki.
TVritten fr the Nebraska FarmT.
Quantities f Seed to ashen Spcc
On- ounce of asparagus see will pr -duce
1000 plant?, rei(i.irng a .etd-bU 12
f et square, which will If eio gh plants
lor a bed 1 fett wide md 215 feet .'ong.
English Beans, one quart will plant
feet of a row; one quart of kidney c
French beans will plant 250 feet cf
row; one quart of lima beans will pla
from 90 to 100 hills; one quart of smr
pole beans will plant 250 feet of a row
10 pounds of Beetseed will sow an acr
one ounce plants 159 feet of a ro'.v; on--ounce
of brocoli seed will pro luce 2,500
plant3. requiring 40 feet of ground for
seed bed ; bru3sel sprouts same ; cab! ago
early sorts, same; late sort; will require
60 feet for seedbed; cauliflower sirao .
a3 late cabbage. One ounce of carrot,
seed will sow 150 feet of a row ; 3 cr
4 pound to the acre; otiecur.ee celery
will produce 7000 plants, requiring 0 -feet
of ground for a seed bd ; ono cz. of
cucumber seed will plant 150 hills; ens
oz. cress will sow a bed 16 feet square ;
one oz. egg plants will produce 2.CC0
plants; one cz. endive gives 3.5C0 plants;
one oz. of leek seed will produce 2000.
plants, requiring 60 feet seed bed ; let
tuce one oz. gives 7000 plant3, requiring
125 feet of seed bed ; melons one ounr3
f'or 120 hills; onion3 one oz. sow3 2G0
feet of a row, crfour pound to the acre;
T.e 02. c'-:ra sows 200 feet of a row;
or;e z. of parsley sows 200 feet of a
row; rnr oz, of pepper seed grow? 2,
5C'0 pwr.ts; one qt. of peas, small kinds,
120 fV-' t of a row, large kinds, 200 feet;
'.( ' ; i i-i rt nf pumpkin seed, field kinds,
sous 530 hills, garden sorts, one oz. to
-,. . i : v. . rw ,
) ; i..;is; rauisu one ounce iu ivkj ieei
cf row; sal-ify one oz. to 150 feet cf a
r.w; tj -i.ycii cue 0. to 200 feet cf a
' row; -j';a-h n;t oz. to 75 hills ; tctintcs
ut'-' s 25 CO Li.-it.-, requiring a'
t .(.(:'! 1- .' i.J SO feet; tuinsps one and a
f.al; p'.-..-i.d to me acre ; one oz. to 2'vU.
teat ; water melon?, en? cur.ee to 50 til's.
n