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i
THE ADVERTISER,
ri-BUSIIED EVERT THtESDAT BT
FURNAS & LY ANNA,
3ond Story Strickler's Block. Main Street,
I
1IR01TXFIIXB, IV. T.
" TERMS:
ri'uWof l"or m-re wHI be furni-hed al fl 60 per j
. ' v;.deibe c.U .cccptnie. tie order, do. j
iS-rwie.
J!
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44 KrX'
i i 1 1 lift i i
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THE ADVERTISER,'
11
RA.TE3 OF" AD'
:kt:3iito?
"Free to Form and Regulate ALL their Domestic Institutions In tliclr oira iraj, subject only to the Constltntlon of the United States."
ae square (10 lines or !c) o e Insertion, -Kh
aJJU loiia! insertion, -------
Oue iijre, ne month, --------
Btt.sineiCjrlof t-.x lineaor l,one year, -
oneC ilumn oti r?r, -...--
One-half Col umaur.e year,
Ouefonrta Column uue year,
OneeUhtb Column oiie year, .......
Ou4culumn:it riontlu,
One bait Column six month, .....
One fourth Column! months, .....
One eighth Column ix nionibs, - - - . -
One Column three months,
j Oue h.tlf Culumn three months, - - -:
t)ne fourth Column tbreemonthf, - - - -j
UQeeibth Col t'.nin Ifirf c moulL. ....
.jaouuc:njjcnUiJitetforcC;ce(ia advance,)
t
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to c
S3 03 .
IJ l
1 t
XS CO
19 CO
. S C
is co
19 CO
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VOL. V.
BUSINESS CARDS-
m m nrnrnon
'JOHNSON & BEDFORD,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
SOLICITORS iV CHANCERY,
Comer First and Main streets.
Irotrnvllle, - - - Nebraska
A. D. KIRS,
Attorney at Law,
and Agcat and Notary rubilc.
tfuio, Richardson Co., A. I.
1Vil!prctieeinthe CenrUof iitedXcl)rwk
UrdijiaodBeBBttSebraikaCttJ.
J. B. 77ESTON,
ATTORNEY AT LAV ,
DrownTlll. Nebraaka.
rf-OSCeoa Main Street, one door above tbe Post
Ace. '
Brownville, Prcember 1, lw-
fTwrffPTON,
Attorney at Law ,
JJR 0 WXVILLE, JV T.
DR. D. GWIN,
Hariri? permanently located in
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA,
For the practice of Medicine and Surgery, tea
ri Jii professional services to tbe afflicted.
Office on Vain Htreet. "o23t3
A. S. 110 L LAD AY, M. D.
Be'peftJr.nyinforninia friends In Brownvllle and
'mcaiatevJclnltythatbehae resumed tbe practice of
Icdlclnc, Surgery. & Obstetrics,
a hopeo.br atrtct attention to hi profusion, to receive
H Kcneroua patronaw heretofore eatended to him. In
I cafci -ere it ta powihleor erpedient, a prescription
iueH will be done. Offlce at City Pruj Store.
Feb. 34, '69. 5.1y
LTlIOHNS ON, IiL D.,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
OJTlce at U. C.J'-LDRon'i Law Office,
First Street, between Main and Water,
1IT LITERATURE
NEWSPAPERS,
AND
Poriociicals,
Of every description, for sale at
SCHIITZ k DEUSER'S
LITERARY DEPOT,
South-east corner Maio and Second,
BROWNVILLE. N.'T.
Sept, 223,1559. t-ntU
, . L. H'OtlT. ' 0. HEWfTT. E. W. THOMA
IcGary, Hcwett & Thomas,
; ATTORNEYS AT LAW
-SOLICITORS IX CIM.YCERY.
BrownvlUe, Nebraska.
-Xill practice ia the Courta of Xebraska,anl North
it aliftoart.
REFERENCES.
fnara. Crow.McCreary fc Co.
Hun. Jameic M. Uwrb,
Hon. Jolm B. Sheply,
Hon. Jama Cralp, - .
Slon, Silu Woolson,
Ho. Samuel W. Black,
S. F. NnrtolU.Ksq.,
r betc-T Sweet U. Co. ,
Jl. M. Fnrnaa
St. 1-oniF, Mo.
lo
f Do
St.Jooeph, Mo.
Do
Kebraska City,N.T.
Do
do
Brownrllle
jiron-nville, X. T. Oct. 2S, 186S.
E. S. DUNDY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
HCHtl. UICnARDR05 CO. IC. T.
Til 1 MirilMln h Mtral Pnnrtaof the id Judicial
trtct, and attend to all mattera connected with the
'enMa. Ti. McLevkak, ,aq.,oi NeoTa vuj,
i aniM me in tMproecuuonoiimporiuouii..
pt. 10, '17-lt-tf
3. A. GOXS. TABLE,
. IXPOKTEm AKD DEALER III
J HON, STEEL, NAILS,
( STINGS, SPBINGS. AXLES, FILES
33 XI I41 Xj o w a f
LACKS MIT II S TOOLS
Also: Hubs, Spokes, 'and Bent Stuff.
Third Street, between Felix and EJmond,
fjAINT JOSEPH, JNIO.
, -Thicb be aeila at St. Louis prices tor cash.
Eifthett Pvioe Paid for Scrap Iron.
?ecemer 1, 1S69.-1J-.
it. r. EISNCT.
CHAB. P. BOLLT.
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1860.
NO. 9.
To Ladies of Brownville,
MRS. MARY KEVETT
Announces that she haa just reeeircd from the
East a magnificent etock of
MILLINERY GOODS
Consisting of
STRAW, TRENCH CHIP,
GIMP LEGHORN,
SILK, & CRAPE '
. BONNETS.
French Flowerf, Straw Triniming. W, eU
To wkioh ahe fnritee t attention of the Udiea of
Urownrille and vicinity, feeling asaured tbej cannot
be better suited ia itjle, qualitj or price.
April 12,1860.
PIKES'S PEAK GOLD!
We will receive Pike's Peak Gold, and adTance
money npon the aame, and pay over ba.ance ot proceeds
r.Zn.iMlnt return, are bad "c"' 7
exhibit the printed returns or tho Lnlted States Mint,
or Asay offlce. rtvnv
BULLION AND EXCHANGE BROKERS
BKOWNVIUE, HIBKASKA.
no20v4
Clocks, Watches & Jewelry.
J. SCHITTZ
tt 'rouldsnuouticctothecitiien of Brownville
V and vicinity that be has located kimaelf In
cWlBrownville, andintends keeping a ful 1 assort.
JLenttf everything in his lineof business, which will
be sold low for cash, lie will also do all kinds of re
pairing of clocks, watches and jewelry. All 8wr-ranted.
CITY LIVERY STABLE,
WM. ROSSELL,
BROWNVILLE, N. T.
Announces to the public that he is prepare ! to cojn
modate those wwhing with Carriages and Buggies , to
gether with good safe horses, forcomfortand easeintra
velling. He willalso board horses by tbe day, week or
month. . . n .
June 10, '68. 60tf
1859. 1859-.
IIAXXin AS & ST. JOSEPH R. R.
ES. OSSEINS
FALL ARitAXG-EMEXTS.
Morning Train leaves St. Jo?cr" at - - 6:00
Evening Train leaves do do - - 6:40
c i. r -htA hr the "Western Stace Line.
Pasengers savetime and tiresome staging by thlsroute.
Daily connections made at uanniDai wun iii.wciu
and Southern Railroads and Packeis.
J T D Hatwood, bup t., Hannibal.
D C Sawix, General Agent, St. Joe.
P B Groat, G. Ticket Agent, Han'bal
Tnto." Hill, G. T. Ag't, Brownville.
Xovember 24, 1859. -
U ii li u it iy-
lnu.;i ' i II
BIITDERY ,
j jJUUil
COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA.
WILLIAM F. KITER.
May 17, 1SG0.
Planter's House
JOHN M'MECIIAN PROPRIETOR,
Corner of Fourth and Com- Stree
TvJoTorfvffsls- City, TVoTo.
KINNEY k HOLLY,
lTTORNEYS at law,
M:iUUSK i CITY, If T.
iUrractireinheCovrtsot this Territory. Collec-
anl rttnnal business attended to throughout Xe
tks, Western Iowa and Missouri. Will attend the
ru at Brownville. v3nSJ-m
FRANKLIN
TYPE & STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY
No.168 Vine Bt..bet.Fourthanct Fifth,
Cincinnati, 0.
C. T. O-DRISCOL.L. & CO
Man ufactnrer and dealers i n News, Book and Job
Type, Printing Presses,Caes,G&liies, Ac. ,4c.
Inks, and Printing Material of Every Description,
STEREOTYPING of allkind Books,Mujic.
Patent Medicine Directions,Jobs,VoodEngrevings,
Ac., f e.
Brand and Pattern Letters, various styles,
Merchant Tailor,
JACOB LIARHON, .
BROWNVILLE, N. T.
Adopts, this method of returning thanks ti the
gentlemen of this vicinity, for the liberal patron
age bestowed nptn him heretofore, and to announce
that he has just returned from bt. Louid witb.a
FRESH STOCK
. , .Of every article of
GENTLEMEN'S WEAR, .
Consisting of
,. FLN.E. CLOTHS,,
OTTIXr-TZ2XV GOODS,
COTTC, LlNXKIT AND SlLK GOODS,
: F0R,MEK'3 WEAR.
Woolen, Cotton, and Silk Undershirts, drawer?,
Veatinirs, Half Hofc, Suspenders, 4e. In short, ev
ery thing a gentleman could desire to array himself
in the gayest attire, lie wiJl soli thegoods, or make
suits to order in a style eqnal to any other IIouie
ttny where, He asks bat an examination of his goods
and work..
" ' Xrioossf
Correspond with! the' Present Hard
: , . . 1 Times.
April 12," I860.
: MORTON HOUSE,
i ' 1LAJN STREET,
NEBRASKA CITT, NEBRASKA.
. T. I. GODDIN, Proprietor.
September, 29,1859. tf.
. Pubilthcd March 17th, , .
Another New Work by the Distinguished
American' Authoress. .
E3I3JA I. E. Jf. SOUTI1WORTII.
XXn.-ixxxtocl. Xlorkadfiitoa-ci,
With an autobiography or the author, by Mrs, Emma
D. E.N. Sodthwoeth, Author ot the Lost Heiress,
Deserted Wife, Missing Brido, India, Wife's Victory,
Retribution, Curse ot Clifton, Vivia, The Three Beau
ties. Lady of the Isle, etc.
Complete inone large duodecimo volume, neatly bonnd
In cloth, for one dollar and twenty-flve cents, or in two
volumes, papef cover fvr one dollar. ;
Save Your Money and Go To
. ; WM T DEN,
m mmwm.
Wbolef ale and Ba:il dIer In
BOOTS AND SHOES.
- Brownville, JV. 7V
HAS KOW OX HAND a larpeandwel! select
ed stock of Boots and Shoes, Lady'i and Gent.'s
Gaiters and Slippera of every variety ; also,
i 11 Uses and Chlldrens shoes or every kind that I
will sell cheaper for Casb or Produce than any other
Louse westof St. Louis. All work warranted; orders
respectfully solicited. i
The Highest Casb price paid rot maes, reus ana t urs,
at the City Boot and Shoe Store. Cut Leather kept for
sale '
BrownvilicJuneSdea. . , nir-
m
AIIEBICM, MOUSE.
BROWNVILLE! NEBRASKA.
VP. J. HENDGEN,
Tlcrcby notiflesthe public that he has purchased the
Nebraska House in Brownville, N. I., formerly kept by
T. J. Kdwards, and has remodeled, renovatca anu enti
rely changed tbe whole bout-e, irom cenar 10 garrci,
w ith an especial view tc neatnps, comfort and coiive
niene Having had many year experience as hotel
keeper, be f oels safe in warrantingtheboardinp patron
age of Brownville, and tbe traveling public, that, wbilo
at tbe American, they will have no reason to complain
of tbe fare in any respect.
The Hotel is situated immediately at tbe Steamboat
Landing, foot of Main street, and consequently affords
J ' IT 1. U ll.l .U1.llk.kUD T....et - j -
proprietor asks but to be trisd, tnd If not round worthy,.
discarded. : . ,
January, 19. I860. 28-tr
A
SAINT JOSEPH
Female College ,
sr. JOSEPH, MO.
WILLIAM CAMERON, A. M.. Principal.
yT ' r !V.".!'f11
NEMAHA LAND AGENT,
SURVEYOR "& 1VOTARY PUBLIC,
Willselect lands. Investigate titles, paytases, fcc.
either in Kansas of Nebraska; buy, sell, and enter
landson commission; invest in town property, buyer
sell tbe same, and will always have on handcorrect
plats pf townships, counties, &c, showing alllandssnb
ivf in pntrv. and where desired willfurnishpartiesliv-
Ingln the states witb tbesame.
Being tbe oldest settler in tbe county win in an
cases be ableto give tull and reliable information.
Address A. L. Coate.eltbei'at Br6wnvlllcor Nemaha
Clty,Neb'afkaTerritory. ' 6ro-4S-vg
j L. m ones.
ALEXIS MVDD.
JCKSE HOUADAT.
Ill GIIES K HOLLADAY,
Ne. I, City Buildings.
IXT LOUIS - -.- MISBOTJEI.
- 3irDD.fi llOLEADAY,
No. HO, Pearl Street,
3J"ovr T"orlx.,
roducc and Commission
ANTD.
wc REira t rcaaiistion to
Powell, Levy h. Lemon, - - St. Joseph,
Tootles fc Farleifh, - -
T. & t. Cnri
Nave, McOord It Co.. - - .
pnnnel . Saxton . . ' .
lUnt
v a -
mora Island Jlhiad of ihr UnrLI f t
LOOK HERE! LOOK HERE!
HIHGLESH SHINGLES II
nemj4rsirnd Ukes tiis method of informing
citiiens of Nemaha County, and the rest of man
id that he has, and willkoepon hand a superior
t of Cottonwood Shingles which ho wiirsellchcap
wxv A511 UU rilUUUUE,
.ii sBiaeia Haebwe is ontha Sonera Island.near
1 I inrt Via f'ti . i . - . '
-uui,wncrebemay be found when he
. - , ... i"w'C3"'nai ousiness. .uive bim a
nu Dew1(iK,Teyou satisfaction.
prili2,UC0. (6m) MEttlDITH HELVV.
T. M. TALKOTT,
DENTAL SURGEON,
M.vT.-t , .... .....
- ... BT,ea nimselfin urowtville, X. T., tcu
. ... i-roieiobai services to the community.
' juli warranted.
Completely organiipd as a first classTemale Boarding
and Day School. Number limited to U5, Including 25
boarders. Scholastic year commencing first Monday .In
September. For Catalogues, with full particulars, ad
dress tbe Principal.
August 4th, IS59. ... v4n4tf ,
Tike's Tcali, or Bust." V
srw
PROVISION STOBB,
... A.5D
DRY GOODS HOUSE.
3Mo. 11, IVXaln stroot,
BROW 1? VI LIE, IT. T.
J.BEKEf Ss Co
Have inst completed tbeir new businens bouse on
Main Street, near tbe U.S. Land Office, in Brownville
where they have oneucd out and are offering on the most
favorable terms,
Dry Goods, Provisions,
Of all Kinls,
FLOUR, CO N FECT 1 0 N ARIES,
GREE AXD DRIED FRUITS, -
Choice Liquors, Cipars,
And a "thousand and one," other things everybody
needs.
CALL AND EXAMINE OUR STOCK
Brownville, Arril 26, ly
Mrs. Ilcndgcn & Miss Lusk,
MILLINERS ASD DRESS MAKERS,
First Street, bet. .Main' and Water,
HHOAVNVII,!.!-:, NKBUASKA,
Bsn.lf.'f, Ucad-IrtsictcJ Tilmmint alu-amon hand
The Nebraska Farmer.
16 PAGES QUARTO MONTHLY.
SUBSCRIBE FOR IT.
J it the only Journal devoted exclusively
io the Agricultural and Educational inte
rests of Nebraska, Kansas, Northern
Missouri and Southern Iowa.
i . : Try it--Aid it.
Four Copies, 3, months for SI
Twenty Copies, ! year $15
One Copy, 1 year, '61
Address; .
FURNAS & LYANNA,
Brownville, A'ebratka.
THE
IIELVIIT HILLS.
NEMAHA' CITY, NEBRASKA.
Th nronrintor returns thanks for the renerous
- -
patronage thus far extended him, and hopei by re
newed efiorta to merit Increased favors.
Farmers and Others
Will do well to have their grain in as soon as posei-
. .,. . i
cie, as spring iresneiswiu soon do upon us, wuea
more than likely it will be impossible to ran the
mil) for several weeks.
Come Along Now!
Meal and Flour of ' Superior Quality
Constantly on II and.
We will pay 75 cents cash for wheat.
Feb-22, I860. J. O. MET.YIN.
Peru Chair Factory
AKD
0XTDlT.Q-t SllOPa
The wndersipned, bavins; pnirhased the Chair and
Cabinet shop lately owned by T. H. Marshall, take bis
method of informing tbe public that thevare now pre
pared to fill orders for all kinds of fnrnitme, sucb aa
;nirs, tables, stands, bedstead, bureaus, safes, cribs,
cradles, lounges, etc., etc., either at wholesale or re
tail) as cheap as can bebonght at any other establish
mentlntbe west. Die best of coffin lumber and trim
mings constantly on hand, which will enable us to nil
orders for coffins at short notice.
We have attached to our sboD a rood Horse Power and
Turnip; Lathe, and we are prepared to do any descrip
tion of turning from a diairlnrnnto Snfirilill.
Chain ai.d Furniture ot all kinds repaired m tt best
K. B. Corn, Wheal, Flour, Dry Goods, Groceries. Lnm
beraud imnluce of all Kinds, Money not excepted, ta
Km in exci,;mge for worn or K.His. Wc hope by strict
aweiiu.n 10 eusincss to merit a share or pnhlio p.itron
?e. BRKKDtCT & BL1S3.
Peru, Xofcrazka, November 24 IS5. ' . .
Farclicd Corn and Honey for Hozs.
A correspondent of the Highland Dem
ocrat, published at reeksmll, New York,
furnishes that paper wi:h the following
communication.
: A feifv Years ago I chanced in Albany
to meet a farmer who is noted for raising
unusually heavy hogs. The year before
he had brought to market one weighing
over 700 pounds, and said tLaf' year he
should have one. of S00, cr near that
mark. As there always feems to be
cause for every efiect, I was 'anxious to
know the course he pursued.
' Well," said he. you mast
lect the right kind of a critter,
right breed, and then pick out
natured ones from the litter, I
ford to feed a cross critter: I
first se
Get the
the good
can t af
sell them
a .
wnen tuey are pigs." "How can you
iude:e?" said I. "Well if vou watch
them when they are feeding, you will
hnd that some pigs -are allers lighting
about their feed, and some go in for eat
ing. There is as much difference between
pigs as there is in folks."
"Well, when you select the right kind
of a pig what next is important?"
"Well, then you must have a nice place
for the critters to live in and feed them
on the right kind of victuals."
"What kind of food?"
; "Well, the best and cheapest kind of
food 1 have found when it comes time to
put on the fat is parched corn. I gener
ally manage to buy a barrel or two of
Southern honey it is cheap enough as it
is somtimes. When it is not over four
cents and pork is six, it pays first rate
and sometimes you can get it for two ; it
costs me about three cents on an average,
or it went, do' to risk it. About half a
pound a day is enough ; it must not cloy
their stomachs, but a little of it with their
corn or meal will make the critter gam
more extra than the weijht of the feed."
"Are these things all ?"
"Well ves, pick out the right kind of
a critter, keep it in a good place, give it
plenty of the right kind of victuals, and
have a jrood humored hand to take care
on't, and it's just as easy to raise 600
weight hogs as it is to raise little scaly
runts that wont weigh two, and it wont
cost no more, and I don't believe it will
as much."
. Now there is much sound philosophy
in that man's experience. I remembe
when riding in Northampton county, Pa.,
with a Yankee acquaintance, he remark
ed "that it was singular the farmers of
that vicinity did not keep a better breed
of hogs. "Why that remark?" said I.
"See those hogs over there fighting,"
said he : "such dispositioned hog3 can
never be fattened on any quantity of
corn."
That parching corn is the most eco
nomical way of preparing it, many ex
periments testify. The application of
moderate heat for some time, has the
effect to change a part of the starch into
a sweetish substance, called dextrine,
which is more easily digested into fat
than starch ; that is, part of the making
of fat is accomplished by the agency of
heat. When parching is done in a proper
way, and upon a large scale, it is a cheap
way of cooking corn. Let any man who
is inclined, try the experiment this fall
upon two pigs as nearly alike as possible;
feed each the same quantity of cofn, in
one case parched, in the other not, and
observe the result at the end of a week,
or better at the end of a fortnight.
The more slowly the corn is parched
the better. It is not necessary to hare
it "pop," perhaps, the word roasted would
be better, but in this case it is to be un
derstood that the corn is not to be black
ened, burnt, or even browned but slightly.
As respects the importance of having
a good natured attendant, I have become
convinced for many years, (see Lambert's
Physiology,) for I have never met an ex
ception to the rule, that ho who produces
fat cattle, horses, hogs, or any creature,
is always good to them at:least. It is a
physiological fact of no little interest.
The first two or three hundred pounds of
a hog can be produced from corn alone,
but to produce pork above that weight,
good nature must be added to the corn,
and the percentage of good nature rises
rapidly as the weight increases.
The Borer and Crooked ipplc
Trees.
H. S. Hamilton, of Marysville, Ohio,
in a late number of the OAto Culiivatort
says:
I have observed that most of the young
orchards planted in this part of the State
are much injured by the borer, and I have
myself lost a hunJted trees by them, and
have several more that are so much
damaged that they are not worth preserv
ing. In my observations, which have ex J
tended over more than a thousand young
trees, I nd the following facts :
I. The borer begins his ravages on the
southwest side of the trees. In litis I
and your correspondent agree.
2. Every tree damaged by the borer is
either croohed, or leans toward the north
east. ;
3. Every tree damaged by the borer
furnishes unmistakable evidence of having
been damaged before the borer began his
work.
How can these be explained ? My
explanation is this : Every one is familiar
with the fact that if any given surface be
so adjusted that the sun's rays will fall at
right angles upon it, that surface will be
come hotter than a similar surface so ar
rauged that the sun's rays fall upon it
ol libuely. The sun shines holiest from
noon to 9 o'clock, p.
if a tree lean
m. At 2 o'clock p.
m., u a tree lean a tew decrees to the
northeast, the ray3 of the sun will at
right angles upon the southwest side of
it. If a tree be crooked, portions of its
body will be in the sane conditicn. I have
found that -this intense heat loosens ror
blush of the corona ; but k was white and
no red prominences were visible.
On shipboard they were more fortunate.
During the totality, a momentary rift in
the clouds revealed the spectacle to the
sailors. They saw the corona. ar.J de
scribed it precisely as if they had read a
tionsof the bark; these loosened portions description in an astronomical work. The
in a few days dry, and split open, and in drawing taken from their statements he
these oDeninrrs the ecrrrs which produce considered in every sense reliable. It
the borer are deposited, and there they exhibts the corona with unequal shoots of
are hatched bv the same intense heat to Hht.
which they are indebted for their house.
As soon as they are hatched they begin
their depredations upon the nearest green
portion of the tree.
cf tb
Dr. F. A. .Bernard a member
expeuiuo, gave t lew results wmca are
no
reauy very interesting, ine phenome
non known as "JJaily's heads" was dis-
My object is only to give the results of tinctly seen. This consists of a series of
a a
my own observation and to incite otners
to investigate this subject. If I am right
in nvy notions of the first cause of the
mischief, the whole trouble can be pre
vented by planting none but straight trees,
string
round dots ot light, like a great
of beadi, which- immediately succeeds
total obscuration. .. He attributed to them
a similar cause to that which i3 attributed
for mirage. -The passage of shadow
and keeping them in a perpendicular po- created the same inequality of density in
ine atmosphere as that on the principal
of refraction produces mirage.
Dr. B. stated some interesting facts
connected with the voyage. . His ideas
of icebergs were entirely incorrect. He
had had no conception of their enormous
stake on the southwest side of the tree, hight. This, too, was in latitude 52 deg.
and fastening if to the stake. off the cost of Belle Isle. Other re-
It ts well known that rouch faces, of markable features of these hih latitudes
dark color, become hotter in the sun than weie the great number and. brilliancy of
smoother ones of a light or green color, auroras, and great disturbance of the
Trees may sometimes be damaged by the magnetic needle. What was quite as
sun's heat, by allowing the bark to be- remarkable, too, the latter became quiet
sition, or slightly inclined to the south
west. Ia this country most of the winds
blow from the southwest, and this gives
young trees, in all exposed situations, .a
set toward the northeast. This should be
guarued against by plantmsr a strong
come rough and black. This can be pre
vented by rubbing with a rough cloth
saturated in weak lye or sopesuds.
In am inclined to the opinion that the
Dane on trees is sometimes loosened m
during the totality of the eclipse. - The
almost total absence of animal life, with
the exception of mosquitoes, was also re
marked.
The eclipse was also observed by a
spots, or split open, in the winter, while company or Britise saaans at Santander,
the air is so cold that the south side is
suddenly warmed up by the sun in the
afternoon. But I have little doubt the
trouble is mainly traceable to the summer
sunshine.
These views suggest that trees should
be miowea to put out their tops as near
the ground as possible. . They are much
in Spain. The following is a thrilling
extract irom the journal of one of their
number:
The totality at 2h. 58m. 24s., and lasted
until 3h. lm. 44s. At 3h., most of the
thermometers laid upon the crass had
fallen from 71 deg. 1 min. to 64 deg. 5
min., and there was a nercectible chill
position by the winds, and the branches
will shade the body so as to break the
power of the sun's heat.
less liable to be blown out of their proper n &Q ar increased, perhaps, by the wind
naving veered almost due north at 2h.
9m. During the totality the following
phenomenon were also observed : At the
moment ip which darkness began to de
scend rapidly -consternation seemed to
seize nature ; - pigeons flew about in
clusters, confused and scared ; poultry
sought their roost ; my dor? whined at my
teen; small birds fluttered and twitted
excitedly, as if a hawk was in view; a
cow moaned loudly, and the dew gathered
But its near relation, the rcrtulacca, i3 cno
or our most beautiful and showy arnuals.
In a warm, sunny situation, a bed of th-j
mixed varieties is as brilliant and beauti
ful as any one could wish. The colors
are white, yel'ow, rose, crimson, scarlet,"
with some striped varieties.
Toad Flax, or Butter and Egs, is an
old acquaintance of many cf the readers
ot the Country Gentleman, if one may
judge from the many inline. frcrn dif
ferent correspondents a$ to the meao v
bo adopted to get rid of it.: Ths Antir
rhinum, crSt.ap Dragcs, belongirj to
-the same family, is a favorite border and
bedding flower. "
The Onion is a near relative of the
fragrant Hyacinth and Japan Lily, all be
longing to the same family. The common
Vervain and the favorite Verbetji. are
brethren. The Wintergreen and the.
Azalea and Rhododendron below to the
same family. The Thistle, another great',
favorite of our farming friends, and the'
Aster, with its variety cf most beautiful
flowers, are blood relations. ....
And so the list might be continued.
Many oj the insignifiient wild flowers
and weedy plants to be found by the way-'
side, and in the fields and forests, are by
patient and skillful cultivation sctaltered
and improved, as to bear but slight re
semblance to the original varieties, no
more, in fact, than many of the plants
above named resemble each other.:
Country Gentleman. -
Tne Late Solar Eclipse.
The American Scientific Association
held their Annual Meeting at Newport, IiUe 8weat on the flowers as the dropped
during the first week of the present month aad cIosed their .But thg
and the closing hours were marked by
the arrival of the Expedition sent out by
our government for the purpose of astro
nomical observations upon the eclipe at
Labrador. Officers and members of the
Expedition were presented to the Associ
ation, and we quote the following from
their remarks, as given in the New York
Evening Post:
Prof. Alexander rose under much agi
tation. He was overcome by the kindly
reception which greeted him the moment
he set foot on shore. Contrasted with
the monumental desolation of the scence
which he had witnessed, this sudden in
troduction to the midst of friends and
social intercourse was most affectin?.
Without beginning with an apology, he
simply alluded to those circumstances to
explain what want of unity of ideas he
might manifest in his remarks.
ihe expedition had been fitted out
under the patronage of the Coast Survey
and its enlightened Superintendent, Mr. Tigris Iris
nacne. never in nis wildest areams naa Everlasting-
he conceived of scenes of such wild gran
deur and desolation as greeted them as
they approached their fanal destination.
The shore was skirted with an almost un
broken range of mountains, seeming like
cast iron. They were beyond arbores
cent vegetation, and but little except
mosses grew anywhere. Along the base
of the mountain-chain towards the sea,
lay a bank of mist. It was necessary to
get on the opposite side to be free from
danger from this source. The difficulties
seemed to be very great ; a sort of ter
race on the western side of the range
was found, which promised to be suitable ;
hither with great difficulty we transport
ed ourselves and our instruments. The
weather, when clear, was very clear, bat
lasted never more than two days. The
day we had looked forward to with great
' . a a
anxiety was overcast ; still we could see
the disc of the sun : the ciouas served
pe
impressive moment was vet to come : as
darkness descended, and the winds and
the deep grew hushed, man and beast
were struck dumb with awe. Such might
well seem the last day, as indeed it did
to many; but the prophets of science had
foretold the event, and deprived it of the
terror of a surprise. IS evertheless, during
those sinister, ghastly and absorbing three
minutes, enlightened- spirits prostrated
themselves before the power of God, and
the sceptic whom the radiance of the sun
could not convince, nor the regularly of
the seasons convert, was forced at that
supreme moment to own the influence of
the first great cause. -
During the totality the bits of blue sky
in the northwest and eastern horizon as
sumed the. same appearance as they do at
dawn on a cloudy morning, with the ex
ception that the former was the brighter.
The flowers closed as follows :
IT.
O
Saffron
M.
10
15
20
50
s.
0
4
0
0
Blue
Hibiscus Africanus
The youngest flowers felt the influence
of the eclipse soonest, the old ones, the
everlastings especially, yielding slowly
and stubbornly.
Owing to the cloudy state of the
weather, only Venus and two other stars
were seen for a moment.
Of three thermometers laid on pieces
of copper, blende and calamine ore, the
former preserved the highest temperature.
The return of light was hailed with a
murmur of satisfaction by the spectators
the cocks crowed in the neighboring
farm yards, and nature all at once became
resonant. During the totality bats were
seen flying about. At 4h. 30m. the heat
of the sua's rays were intense, is if they
hastened back to earth with redoubled
ardor.
our eyes for colored glass screens. The
most interesting rexuu u ux anfl Jmr Near RelaliVeS.
Hons are : I
1. The moon broke the curve of the Stramonium, vulgarly Stinckweed, is a
sun with an enormously rough edge. plant known to every farmer, and the
2. A phenomenon which 1 was the first rest of mankind, as a troublesome weed,
to notice some years ago, viz: a belt of with nothing in the world to recommend
light around the moon, brighter than any it. There are several varieties of Datura
other part of the sun. (to which the Stramonium belongs,)
3. An appearance, which but one of which are cultivated as border flowers,
our party saw. which was observed in and which possess much beauty. Datura
1820, and once later, and has been called Wrightii is a plant almost precisely like
an optical illusion, but which the photo- Stramonium in appearance, but bearing
tographic plate had not forgotten to record, flowers of immense size, of a bell shape,
Thus it was real and not optical. The four to six inches in diameter, and over
phenomenon in question was a bluish eight inches in length, white bordered
light on the side of the moon, close to the with lilac in color, and sweet scented ; in
edffe projected on the sun. These three
results; Prof. A. considered amply justified
the expenses of the expidition.
As the eclipse progressed, and when
there was only a bit of ragged, intensely
brilliant silver wire of the sun's disk left,
bloom from July till November. Datura
Humilis flare pleno is another variety,
with deep yellow flowers, very large, and
double, sweet scented, and continues in
bloom until frost. These are large, coarse
growing plants, and should be planted
it seemed as if the sun was melting away either with the shrubbery or in the back
and dropning point by pointv till m a
minute all was gone. During totality, glaces they will be found quite ornamen
the sky was overspread with the most tal and desirable
brilliant colors. We saw through the Purslane, or as it is usually called
deepening mist, just as the last fragment "pursley," is quite as extensively known
of the suns disk melted away, a single and as little admired as the Stinckwecd
From tbe Boston Cutiratvr.
Should the Ground fce Stirred da-"
rins a Drought.
The question whether crops are iniur-".
ed or benefitted by stirring the soil and
keeping it light durinja time of drought
is one which may very naturally arisu ia.
the mind of the farmer at the present
time. Reasons may be advanced which
possess a degree of plausibility upon ei
ther side. borne farmers tell us that
stirring the earth when it is very dry"in-
jures the root3 of plants by severing them. .
and loosening them from the soil: also '
that by frequently stirring the earth and
exposing it to the hot sun and air, it be-'
comes dry, and therefore unfit to sustain 1
vegetation by conveying proper nourish-
ment to the roots. The former idea rnay :
be correct, that . is, as far as it goss ;
though it is claimed by seme, that to ev
ery root broken off, several lesser ones
branch out which arc more serviceable to'
the growth of the. plant than thef.rst;
this, however, I think, somewhat ques-.
lionable, but the latter I consider, untrue,
and not in accordance with the ualural
proof. Hence, for argument's sake,
and, if possible, to add a single ray of
light upon the subject, such as may tell
practically for the interests of the farm-
er, i take the latter yiew of the question
that both ' soil and vegetation are im
proved by frequent cultivation at a time,
of drought.
First, then, . by. frequently stirring the
oil it is kept light, and of course more
porous, consequently -in a better condi
tion to convey moisture from the atmos
phere by way of fogs and. dews, as well
as from the wet subsoil, below, for the
more the Foil is worked, the more porous
or spongelike it is eept ; and the jnore
spongelike qualities it possesses, the more
readily will it convey moisture- to the
plants. To illustrate ; it has often been
remarked with us, during the lastfew
weeks, that all cultivated vegetation, t
such as corn and other grains, appear
much better than Srass, that' while the ,
one is thrifty and growing, the other is
suffering severely, from the effects cf the :
drought, which seems to be a very clear
demonstration of the correctness cf the
foregoing theory. . . ,
And again : the lighter and more por
ous the soil, the less its capacity to con
duct heat, or, in other words, the poorer
conductor it becomes. Every school-boy
knows that a stone will become hotter f .
exposed to the rays of a hot sun than a
sponge or bunch cf cotton or wool. And
upon the same principle we may say the i
less the soil is tilled, the harder and
more stone-like it becomes, and the great-,
er its capacity to conduct heat; conse
quently the more is vegetation affected 1
thereby. Every tiller of the soil has un-'
doubtedly noticed that the tender blade
of corn, newly hoed, shoots up much
faster than before the soil was stirred
around it. The reason is very apparent;
he soil is made light, and the moisturo :
both from the atmosphere and the earth .
is brought more readily in connection with.
roots. Hence, in . accordance with this,
principle, we. see the necessity of remov
ing or breaking the surface earth from
the hills of corn in particular, when hoe-
0 t ' 1
ing, beiore any new earth is drawn up
to the hill.
The same is true with cultivation gen
erally. The more the soil is pulverized
and worked over, the better 13 it r rent
ed to convey the sustaining elements ta '
vegetation.
There can be no doubt that crcp3 cn .
all soih should be kept clear cf weeds, .
and that soils which tend to become com
pact should be cultivated with reference
to this tendency that is, it should le "
prevented as much as possible in the ear
ly stage of the crop. At a later period
it is not always safe to stir the sou to a
great depth. What is called "firing" cf
Indian corn at the South and West is
sometimes crused by breaking too ninny
of the roots after the corn is "tasseled."
Within the last ciht years Ireland has
lost one-tenth cf its population. - -
The man who wears pegged bcota has
always "mucic in his sole."J - .
