THE ' ADVERTISER, '
PCBLISJED EVEfit THURSDAY T
FUBNAS & LY ANNA,
59Co:id Story Strickler's Block, Main Street,
rjUOWKVIXIX, K T.
Ir,cerfar,lf paidlnadraace, - - -
, " .If paidattbeeudof Cmontba
,. . 12
rint, of 1 r more will be furnished at $1 60 per
"s. provided tbecaab accompaniea tie order, ot
$3 00
2 60
00
V
- r
' . ( .' 4
; mm
Wit
AS.'.'.
Ay. Ay Ay
"Free to Form ana Regulate ALL their Domestic Instltntlons in their oirnrvtay, snhject onljio the Constitution cr tho United States."
fTTT'n ITiTntDTTCjrD
i.ir I ijii v ail i
)aiiaare(ia Hawer l)2el3i!rt:ei.. -
SdxaanioQtuaiertr;n, .---
0n aqaara, xuouUi, . '
nutaeiCnlof ixUa!eriesJ,r!3 r:r,
oao OviIqsdo one yeir,
One-aajf Column cue year,
Qua fottrtu Cofuiaa oneyear, -
Ou5l?U'.X CMutm ore year, - 9 -
Onecrjtnnrnalx moatfea;
Oucaall. Caluranaix mo9t?!.
Oae roctrtn Coivran ix ca:s.:ti,
One i?ht!i Ciulana tlx monit,
One Col una ihree xaoothJ, '' a. .
OWiiilf C-iluraa tbrtauatb, k
Onefoarth Coiamn tbreemon'.Iii, ''
Onee4btUColOT3ntrten:o'":'i,
.aiinaciajeaDiiiatetforcCics (IsadrjrciJ
. 6 t
Co r
, -
f ) i y
t J '
5 r-
13 C3
I f v
VOL. V.
3;
BEGWNVILLE, NEBRASKA THURSDAY, JULY 12, I860.
:HO.::l;
UU.SINESS CARDS
0 r
inttvintf.' ""
JOHNSON & BEDFORD,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
SOLICITORSAIN CHANCERY.
Corner First and Main Streets,
nrnivniillC - - - Icbraslia
: a. D. KIRK,
Mtorucr at Law,
Land Ageat and jVotary Public.
Rulo, Richardson Co., JV. i. -
Wirjpractkein the Courts of UtedNebmka:a
U r J i or ml Uennftt.NebraskeCity.
J. B. WESTON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Brownville, NebrasTca.
C0X:e on Main Street, one door abore tbe Pol
&l!rriirille, Drcember 1, 1S58.
james w. Gibson,
blacksmith
Second Strect.betwern Main and Nebraska ,
BROWNVILLE, N. T.
DR. D. GWIN,
' Having permanently located in
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA,
For the practice of Medicine and Surgery, ten
den hi professional sorvicei to the afflicted.
Office on Main Street. m23v2
A. S. IIOLLADAY. M. D.
BespectrnUy informs hi friends In Brownville and
MmtJiaJe vicinity tbt be baa resumed tbe practice of
Medicine, Surgery, & Obstetrics,
nd bopcf ,by atrvct attention to liia profession, to receive
thl Keneru paironaie ntrciuiui c -sv- -
l ce where it I Hsibli orexielient. a prescription
kuiiiiewill be done. Office at City Drugstore.
Kcb.2i, '6S. 5 ly
To Ladies of Brownville,
F.IRS, FilARY IIEVETT
Announces that she ua just reecircd from tbe
East a niani-cent atock of
MILLINERY GOODS
Consisting of :
STRAW. FRENCH CHIP,
GIMP leghorn;
SILK, h CRAPE . ,
BONNETS.
Frenca Flowers, Straw Trimming?, Ribbons, etc.,
To which she invites the attention of the Ladies of
lirownrille and vicinity, feeling assured hey cannot
be better suited in style, quality or price. '
April 12,1860 . -. i
3VIonoyiV.cliraTicecl on
PIKES'S PEAK GOLD !
Tc will receive rike'a Peak Gold and advance
money upon the same, and pay over balance of proceeds
aa oon as -tint returns are bad. In al! caes, we will
exhibit tbe printed returns of tbe United States Mint,
or Asay office. ' ' '.'
IXSIin4LTGTI & CARSOX, '
BULLION AKH SCUiNO BROKERS
no20v4
I,. M. JOHNSON, LL D.,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Orce at U. C. Jubnsoii's Law Office,
First Street, between Main and Water,
II R O W Y I LIT,. IVKnRASKA.
LIGHT LITHJTDlii
NEWSPAPERS,
AND
Periodicals,
Of every description, for sale at
SCHHTZ & DEUSER'S
LITERARY DEPOT,
South-east corner Main and Second,
. .BKOWNVILLE, N. T.
K-ct.22d. rti9. f-ntll
d. i." jar o. a. iicmtett. t. w thoma
3ii:ii;try, lluwott & Tlionms,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
AND
SOLICITORS LY ClUXCERY.
Urowuvllle, Nebraska.
Clocks, Watches & Jewelry.
J. SCHITT7.
"Would anu-rcacf to the citljena or Brownville
and vicinity U-rl hit b lociid bimself in
. n.nnni. ".Ho rui! n iir;.l:. V tttr- in a a f ul I ansort.
Uient of everytblnRir. !:?e--f s.uatnesa, which will
besold low for cash. He will aiso do all kinds of re
pairioitof clocks, watcbea and jewelry. All work war
ranted. . vinlSly
CITY LIVERY STABLE.
. .IJerchant TaiLsx, '
JACOB r.lARHON,
B P- OWN V ILL E, N. T.
Adopts this method of returning t brinks to the
gentlemen of this vicioitj. for the liberal patron
age bestowed upon him heretofore, and to annonnce
that he has just returned from St. Loais with a -
FRESH STOCK , .r
, Of everj arUcla of , , . . ,
' ! GENTLEMEN'S WEAR, '
'v' ' Consisting Of '
FINE CLOTHS, ;
JSTTIVTMEZFL GOODo,
Cotton, Linked and Silk Goods,
FOR MEN'S, WEAR. : "
7oolen, Cotton, and Silk Underjhirts, drawers,
Vesting?, Half Hose, Su?prnder, 4c. In short, ev
ery thing a gc&tlcioan cuutd desire to array himself
in the gnyest attire. Tie will sell the goods, or make
suits to order in a8f3"to equal to any other House
unvwhcrc. lie asks but an examination of his goods
and work. . .
rricc0.
Correspond with the Present Hard
. . ' Zimes.
- .
April 12, 1860. .
; MORTON HOUSE,
MAI.V STREET, . J
NEBRASKA' CITY, KEDRASEA.
-' T."I.' GODDIN, Proprietor.
SeT)f-mr.pr.29.1859. ? ' tf.
.WM. ROSSELL,
nno W-T VILIE. N. T.
Announces to the public that be is prepared to aecom
modatetbose wlsbinR with Carriapef and Bugpie $ to
Retber with ool safe horse for com fort and ease in tra
velling He wllhalso board horses by tbe dy. week or
rnontb.
tJTTERMS FAFORABLE.Ci
June 10, '63. 60 tf
1859. - v 1859.
IIAXMn.42 & ST. JOSEPH R. r.
FALL ARKAXGKMEST3.
Morning Train leaves St. Jotepb at
F.vpniim Train Ieavei co a
tTi fT"vrcrlce in the Conrtp .f Kebraska.and North
wirt Ui&ouii.
tKFERENCES .
jfmi i. Crvw, lfcCrcary a Co.,'
I iu. Juien Jt. 11 jeus, -
II n Juliti K. Shcply,
II in. J imesuraip,
II n. Silus Wo'rtWnn,
Utn SmoeI W Black,
; S F. Niick'Wls, Rsq.,
Chever Sweetie Co.,
li. w. t nraa
Hn.wuville. N. T. Oct. 23 185S.
St. Louis, Mo.
Do
Do
St. Joseph, Mo.
Do
Nebraska City.K.T.
Do
do
Brownville
v4n1$
E. S. DUNDY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ARCHER, RICHARDSON CO. N. T.
WILL practice ia the aevcral Court of the id Judicial
Dmtrict. and attend to all matter connected with the
P retention. 'm. McLekxan. Esq.., of Nebraska City,
will aKKixt me in the prosecution of Important Suits.
Sept. 10. '67-11-t f
D. A. C O IV S T A L C ,
IMPORTER AND DEALER IX
IRON, STEEL, NAILS,
castings, brings, axles, file
blacks mi t ii ' s tools
Also: Hubs, Spokes, nnd Bent Stuff.
Third Street, between Felix and Edmond,
SAINT JOSEPH, MO.
Which be veils at St. Louis prices for cah.
Highest Price Paid for Scrap Iron.
Secember I, 1S59 -ly.
- 6:00
6:40
ci t ,ar.h I. t.irhpii kv ii Wpstern Stace Line. -
PaKoetiKer save time and tiresome stapina by tbia route.
Dally connccOona made at Hannibal with aliJEaslcrB
and Southern K4roads and Packets.
J T.D Haywood, bnp'1.. Hannibal.
D C'Sa'win, General Agent. St. Joe.
P B Gboat, G. Ticket Agent, Han'lal
-Turo. Hill. G. T. Ag't, Brownville.
Koveaiter 24. IS59.
JOHN. P. KINNEY.
CHAR. F. UOLLT
KINNEY & HOLLY,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
M:ititlSI4 riTY-H, T.
1 Will prattlceln ihe Court f thla Territory Collee-
tijn anj crituinil buines attended to throughout
j kraaka, Vetera Iw nd Missouri. Will attend the
i Caurts t Browurllte. r3nJ3-m
' I Hl'ONII. JESSE HOI.LADAT ALEXIS MVSO.
HLGIIES & IIULIaADAY,
". I," City Buildings,
SAINT LOUIS- - - - MISSOURI.
MIDD & HOLE AD AY,
; X. 140, rearl StTeet,
Produce1 and Commission
WE KO'IE BT TERMISSI05 TO
well Levy k. lerun. , - St.Joaeph,
T.ioti 4l Krlei:h, - ' - " -
T & J. Cord - - - . "
Nave alrC.TdfcC'., - . . '
D .nnrlJt fallen - -
STm
&nora hland Jlh'ead of tht World ! !
LOOK HERE! LOOK HERE!
SHINGLES II. SHINGLES !1
The undoriijrned takes this method of informinz
V V Ui 4 It VV VI II IJ e AJV4 HIW IVCI, 't UJdll-
. ' J l,"t he hss,od will keep on hd a ef?rk)
' 'b. Cittnwood Shingle, which he will Fellcheai
OR CASH OR PROUUCE,
' ; Siiiij'fi Mnhtne i n the Sonr fsUnd.near
.I'llS.ur Min. whrehnnrb found when ho
.1 "ant on 4i trial lsine.i! Giv him a
12.K-.0,. -MKUIDITII IIEI.TT.
, T, M. TALR0TT,
, DENTAL SURGEON,
a .v.ns !alei himself in lirownville. JT. T tea
ILIIK HOI
BINDERY,
COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA.
WILLIAM F. KITER.
May 17, 1SC0.
Planter's House
JOHN U'MECHAN PHOI'UIETOR,
Comer of Fourth and Com. Street,
J"oTox.f3lx.v City, JToto.
FRANKLIN
TYPE & STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY'
No. 16 8 Vine St.. bet. Fourth ana Fift t .
Cincinnati, 0.
C. F. 0'DRISCOL.Li & CO
Manufacturers and dealer? in News, Book ana Job
Type, Printing Presses. Cases. !alliee. Ac, Ac,
Inks, and Printing Material of Everv Description,
STEKEOTYPINCi f vllkindBookf. Music.
Patent Medicine Dircctlons.Johs.Wood KorevingF,
c., f e.
Brand and Pattern Letters, various styles,
SAINT JOSEPH
Female College,
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
WILLIAM CAMERON, A. LI., Principal.
Completely orpanixed as a rlrt clast Female Bnardine
and Day School. Number limited to 125. Includiop 25
boarder. &chnlatie year commenciup first Monday In
September. Kor Catalogues, with ful. particulars ad
dress tbe Principal.
Aucuot 4th, IS59. v4n4tf '
'Pike's Pcali, or Cust.
' Published March 17th,
Another tow' Work by tbe Distinguished
American Authoress,
E3I3IA D. E. W. SOUTH WORTH.
IXrtixixtod Ilomcstottd,
With an autobiography of tbe author, by Mrs. EMMA
D. K. X. SoCTnwoHTH. Author of the L.t Iteiresa,
Deeried Wife. MuinR Briae India, "Wife Victory,
netrilmtioo. Cur."of CliOou," Vivia, The Three Beau
tie. Lady of tbe Ule, etc. ; '
n.n nuir innnn rva dnrwlari mn vnlnmi. neatlr bortud
In cloth, for one dollar and twenty-flve cents, oi In two
vnlnmea paper cover r.r ne Q'niar.
Savz Yovr JIoiity and Go To
, WM. T- DEN,
soot aid ii rim,
Wholesale and Re" ail dealer in
BOOTS AND SHOES-
- 7 , JSrowvville, JV. T,
HAS NOW ON TIAKD a laTee and well select
ed stock of Boots and Shoes, Lady': andGentTs
Oaiters and SUcDCra of every variety : also.
Misses and Children shoes of every kind that I
will bell cheaper for Cash or Produce thin any other
house west of St. Louia. All work warrautcd;. order
respectfully solicited.
Tbe HiKbest Cash pricopaid Tor Tildes Pelts and Furs,
at tue City Boot and Shoe Store. Cat Leather kept for
sale
Brownville June 2d, '69. n49if-
. r a
Vry af . ft
NtW
A5D
DRY GOODS HOUSE.
BROWNVILLE, N. T.
Have jnst completed tbtlr new business houe on
Main Street, near tbe U. S. Land CnV. in Brownville
where they have opened out and are offer las on the most
favorable terms,
Dry Goods, Provisions,
Of all Kinds.
FLOUR, CONFECT10NARIES,
CRCCX AXD DRIED FRUITS,
Cfioict Liquors, Cigars,
And a "thousand and one," ether things everybody
needs.
CALL AND EXAMINE OUR STOCK
Brownville, Apri 56 ly '
CtLOice X-iEi-xicLn;
TTfK tmdersltned ha oco acre of (rca Lands lo
cated la tbi Territory vhirh be will rell
Cheap f or Cash or on Time.
For further information apply to my ifm-ecri Main
Strcft, t)f thii place. II. M. ATK.IXSOX.
Of ait lands, for le&iuus c&cc.
.ADEBIC0 MUM.
BROWNVILLE NEBRASKA.
P. J. HENDGEN,
ITereby tiotiaes the public that be has purchased tbe
Nebraka Ilouse iu Brownville, X. T., formerly kept by
T. J. Kdwards. and Las remodeled, renovated and enti
rely changed the whole house, from cellar to garret,
with an especial view to neatness," comfort and conve
nience. Having bad many years experience as a hotel
keeper, he feels aar in warranting tbe boarding patron
age of Brownvil le, and the traveling public, that, wbile
at the American, they will have no reason to complain
of the fare In any respect.
The Hotel is situated Immediately at the Steamboat
Landing, foot of Main street, and consequently affords
peculiar advantages to tbe traveling community. Tbe
proprietor atks but to be tri id, uid II not found worthy,
discarded. ' :.'.-' -
January, 19. I860. 28-tf
NEMAHA LAUD AGEHT. "
SURVEYOR & XOTARY PLREIC,
-Will select lands, investigate titles, pay taxea. &c.,
either in Kansas or Nebrabkaj .buy, sell, and enter
landton coinmission; invest in town property, buyer
sell tbe same, and will always have on band correct
plats oi townships counties &-c. showing alllandssub-
Jcci to entry, ana wnercuesirea win rurnisn parties liv
ing in the states with tbesame.
Being the oldest settler In the county will in all
cases be able t ?ive fall and reliable Information.
AddresA. L. Coate eltherat Brownvilieor Nemaha
City, Xebrasks Territory. 6m-42-v2
The Nebraska Farmer.
16 . PAGES QUARTO MONTHLY.
SUBSCRIISE FOR IT.
It is the orily Journal devoted exclusively
to the Agricultural and Educational inte
rests of Nebraska, Kansas, Northern
Missouri and Sovthern Iovca.
Try t.--acl it
Four Copies, 3 months for SI
Twenty Copies, 1 year 15
One Copy. 1 year .. SI
Address,
FURNAS & I.YANNA,
' BroiDnville', Ntbrctk.
THE r
1IELVIIT ItllLLS.
NEilAHA CITY, , NEBRASKA.
The proprietor returns thanks for the generous
patronage thus far extended him, and hopes bj re
newed cfiorts to merit increased favors. ,
Farmers and Others
Will d.i well to have their grain in as soon as possi
ble, a? spring freshets will soon be upon us, when
more than likely it will be impossible to run the
mill far several weeks. -
Ccnic Along Now!
Meal and Flour of . Superior Quality
Constantly on Hand.
. We will pay 75 cents cash for wheal.
Feb-22, I860. J. G.'MELYIX. 1
1 1 i
Peru Chair Factory,
The mndersigned, having purchased tbe Chair and
Cabinet shop lately owned by T. II. Marshall, take his
method of informing tbe public that tbey are naw pre
pared to fill orders for all kinds of farnituic, each as
Cbatre, tables, stands, bedstead, bureaus, safes, cribs,
cradles, lounges, etc.. ete., either at wholesale or re
tail; as cheap as can beoonght at aay other eotiblish
meut in the west. The best of Cvf3n lumber and trim-
minps e nstantly oa band, which will enable us to All
for coffins at short notice.
We have attached tn our shop a tfood Horse Power and
Turnieg Lathe, and we are prepared to ih any dtwcrlp
ti'nJ mrnine From a Cbsir lee t p to aSng,irMill.
Chairs and Furniture of all tinds reparretf in tte best
X. B. Corn, "Wheat. Flour. Dry Gotl Grucerle. T.nrrt-
her n l prodace all kind Money TKt exceireT ta
ken in exchange for work or goods. ' W h"p by strict
attention to business to merit a sh.r nf pnbiie patron-
a?e. " BENEDICT fc SL153.
. (For the Nebraska Advertiser
"Star of Bcthleheni."
? ' ' BT AHIEL. ' i : ;
.-'..:.;.! . - - I- ': '. '.
' Ceath is tnt ft fleeting ihr. ot,"
. Flitting o'er the christian's soul
; Hound his forehead beams a Itnllow,
Heavenly scenes before him ro" ;
IIappy heart, for giory pasting, v
As he hears awcet angels chanting ;
His God is near ani angel raides
. -Are smiling on him everywhere-' ,
. His son!, in holy rapture, glide ' 7
From earth to heawn in a prayer. -
' To the sinner, unrepentiag, ,
Oh, how diff 'rent must bo death
As he struggles, unrelenting, .'
Struggles with hi? latest breath ;
As death 'a billows round him rcll, .
Hell is mirrored in his roul;
Alas 1 the lat faint hope has fled---
tle writhes in agony be erica-" , . ,,.
IIo breathes his last then all ia dead, -Except
"the worm that never ties.'
Be up and doing, while y my
Life ia short, and death is at ir
Te cannot always watch and prsy,
Ye cannot always linger here : j -
To rightly ufe this fleeting breath,
' Is living to prepare for death ; '. "' "
; , Nerve your hearts with holy duty
Practice virtue heavenly gem . j
Make the Scripture 'a fpirit beauty,
Ycur guiding ''star of Bethlehem
i a '
From the Mai farmer. '
Concrete Houses-
,-. These houses, as onr readers well know,
are built of a mixture or mortar made of
lime, gravel and small stone or pebbles,
laid up in one mass between moulds of
boards, so as to form one solid mass of
concreted mortar when dried.
. , When a good foundation, . unmovable
by frost, or undisturbed by water can be
found, these houses are very cheaply
built, and in some, sections are becoming
quite abundant. We like, however, a
new method of using this, concrete for
houses, patented not long ago by Samuel
T. Fowler, of Brooklyn. N. Y. It is a
combination of the wooden frame and the
concrete. The frame may be a light one;
it is erectpd, and then imbedded in the
concrete by plastering it up on all sides.
We find an account of this mode of bail
ing in the last number of Fowler's Life
Illustrated, from which we abridge the
following. - '
The improvement consists in the intro
duction of a framework for holding the
green mortar to its place, and to afford
convenient nnd reliable hold for screws
with which to fasten the molding planks
securely and exactly in their places, level
and plum. This is done by erecting a
row of timbers, (common joists will do)
of appropriate size andTorm in such man
ner as to secure, them in their places, and
by fastening a - rib to the same on each
side,' at the top of each layer of mortar,
for the purpose of tying the wall togeth
er that an opening may be made by set
ting a short board or plank near the cen
ter, between the timbers, and about one
inch from the inner rib, and one or more
inches from the outer ones, reaching to
within two inches of the upright, and
raising the same at each laying of the
mortar.
The advantages of this plan are Ftated
to be the following: The openings and
timber in the wall answer as a cut-ofT.to
exclude the passage through the wall of
heat, cold, and moisture, thereby secur
ing the comfort of dry rooms, cool in the
summer and warm in winter, without the
expense of furring, lathing and plaster
ing; the openings also give ample facil
ities for ventilation and- the distribution
of heat.' . This plan aI-o, renders the
walls fire-proof by perfectly encasinjr the
wood in the mortar, and by extending- the
same principle to the over-head walls and
roof (as he proposes to do.) they may al
so be rendered fire-proof.'
The following additional particulars are
given by the writer:
The combination of the framework with
the concrete body gives great strength,
because the frame becomes to the con
crete body a universal tie. and the con
crete a universal brace to the frame.
The framework also facilitates the
work, and gives security to the wall, hv
sustaining not only the weight of the wall
while soft, but all other Weights necessa
ry in the prosecution of the work ; and
the concrete pi otects the wood, by exclud
ing it from the atmosphere.
As this plan does away with the ne
cessity of furring, lathing, and plaster
ing, to obtain the comforts of a dry house
cool ip summer and warm in winter, and
as it also furnishes the facilities for se-.
curely . fastening the moulding planks or
plates in any desired position, thejvalls
may be cast with any desired finish out
side and in. including the. ceiling, sim
ply by the use of appropriate molding
plates, and the proper management of the
mortar.
Thus a "much harder and handsomer
surface may be obtained without the use
of the trowel than ..with it. and that of
any devised form you may choose to make
the molding plates; and to this may be
added never-fading colors, as taste may
dictate, ly using a proper mineral base
with suitable metallic or mineral pig
ment. The comparative", cheapness of thi
plan is very 'rkfent. as one-half of the
mortar required by the ordinary mode
will ia way make - a wall twice as
strong, while all the labor of v lathing and
plastering; is avoided; the cost of orna
mentation is but a" trifle . m comparison
with the mode heretofore used, for with
suitable molding-plates and fresco paint
ing, tho most beautiful effects can be prJs
. - From Ihe Country Ccntiemari ." ' '' , ' '
1 Grape GfoTtlri iri Missouri; ' ;
Vineyards hare been cultivated in sev-i
eral pc-ttons of the State, mostly by Ger
r.v.:.;i, -utingv the . last twelve ior fifteen
yean. The success, although not per
fect, has been very flattering. The 'av
erage' net profit per 'acrej for the ssries
of years', has exceeded S2C0 per annum'
The wines produced have compared fa
vorably with those of other wine grow
ing r egions. - The, only serious obstacle
in the way of complete success", has been
,4The Rot," which in, some seasons has
nearly destroyed the crop of the Cataw
ba. It is generally believed to be caus
ed by an excess of moisture about the
roots, and damp, moist weather". It is
severe in unusually wet seasons and on
low and wet parts of the vineyards. The
same serious drawback has been experi
enced, to about the same extent, by the
vine-growers of Ohio. : ; : ; i
Within the past few years, since1 the
prosecution of the Geological survey, of
this State, attention has been called to the
superior adaptation of large portions of
our Slate io vine-growing, and tbe 'in
terest and : importance of the. subject
Meteorological observations have been
taken; the experience of "our vine-grow
ers collected ; and the soils carefully ob
served und the varieties submitted to a
skillful chemist for full and accurate an
alysis.! "And says the State Geologist,
so far as we can iudtre from the' char-
acteriics of the soil and climate, and the
indications of the, native vines, these 5,
000.000 acres in the highlands of south
ern Miisouri, present rare inducements
to the vine-dresser such a combination
of favorable circumstances as will not
fail to attract the attention of those who
would engage in this most pleasant and
profitable department of husbandry. .
He estimates the annual profit of these
5,000.000 acres cultivated in vineyards,
at 85000.000,000 ; and say3, ".what is
still more important, the.pure nourishing
juice of the grape would take the place
of the vile, maddening compounds used
in the names of wine and brandy; drun
kenness would give place to' sobriety, and
ourjpeople nourished by the grape and its
pure wines, would become as robusl and
hardy as they are now daring and indom
itable." Most of our oldest vineyards are not
situated upon our most favorable soils,
but are near the large rivers upon soils
too solid and wet. and underlaid by clay,
and which cannot be as well fitted for the
grape, even at great expense, as large
portions of the country are naturally fit,
ted. Yet the success of our vine-growers
has been very encouraging, even with
the Catawba, as has been shown i and
some varieties, Norton's Virginia, and
Concord, for instance, have not vet been
affected with the rot in these localities.
Capt. Massey of St, Clair, on the south
west branch of the Pacific Railroad, has
a vineyard in all of about ten acres. A
pomon newly planted, some coming . into
bearing for the first this year, some six
years old, and a few about a dozen
years old. A majority of his vines, I
ihutk, are Catawba. The locality is un
dulating and beautiful. The captain's
vineyard is on post oak soil, comparative
ly, poor, clayey loam iu character, and full
of what are called "irou shot": pellets
of iron varying from the size of buck
shot to No.' 6. The soil is deep, and is
underdrained by a stratum of gravel, a
fool aud upwards in thickness, resting
upon - magnesian limestone, the latter
more or I?ss combined at its surface with.
or capped by. sand' rock. 'The locality is
nottjd for producing large crops of grass.
Capt. M. tays that clover does not do
well with him, but timothy grows most
luxuriantly. He. enriches his land by
plowing-under crops of the latter when
in bloom,, which, by its fermentation in
the soil, he says, attracts gasses froni the
atmosphere, and greatly improves its
character arid fertility. He tays that his'
grape have never been in the h ast affec
ted by either mildew or rot. and he uni
formly gets good crops. Having beard
this fact .-tated by several within the last
six months, and generally attributed to
the mode of cultivation, I determined, a.
short time since, to visit the vineyard,
and ascertain what facts I could, in re
gard to it. The result is that I am per
fectly convinced that the. cniet cause or
success in this case is owing to the char
acter of the soil and subsoil. The sub
stratum of gravel affords perfect and
most desirable underdraimngs. . Th1
freedom of this vineyard from disease is,
I think, a pertinent fact in substantiation
of the conclusion formed and promulgat
ed by our able State Geologist. Capt.
M. does not ofler to assign any cause tor
the exemption of his vines from disease.
His cultivation is not peculiar.except per
haps, peculiarly neglectful. He does not
trecch his irround, nor even plow very
deeply for vine planting. He plants one
or two year old vines, and cultivates the
first year in corn, allowing the vines to
cro'tf as they please the first ond second
years, believing that they, make more
roots by growing unpruned.
His wine is, in most respects, I judge.
unequalled. Like his vineyard however,
it shows some lack of attention. - I think
in the mikinor, sufficient attention, wai
net paid td'clsanilng and fuiuigaiing tho
casks, and the wine ."shows it. Thi3 is
only my guess, however, and as the ven
erable and hospitable captain does' cot
profess to understand the business, I hope
a a . ...
ns wiu pardon tne iriendiy. criticism. .
- . L: D.. MORSE.
v JUknton, Mo., . ,. ., . .
. M I I i I ' . . '
Pftospcrcs Source and Salare-. '
Phosphorus is but' sparingly diffused as
a component cf minerals, it is to therm
imal kingdom that we turn for our sup
plies to hones nnd fluids -of ihs- boiy.
These are our magazines cf . phosphorus,
truiu wuicn u is exixacieu in large quan
tities now required for matches 'and .the
other manufactures into which' it enters.
The leading characteristic of phospho.
rus is its extreme combustibility. ; Place
a small fragment of it in a glsss tube ap
ply heat and ignite it when, cn impelling
a current of air through the tube the phos
phorus burni with great rapidity. . -The
combustion having terminated two differ
ent resi Jeus are produced, ono a red col
lored substance and theothef a white one.
The latter, or white, is an acid compound
of phosphorus with oxygen- .The for.
mer was long imagined to be a combina
tion of phosphorus with o$ygea also.Tbut
in a lesser ratio than necessary to con
stitute an acid. Within' the - last few
years, however. M. Schrotter, of -Vinna-
demonstrated that the red compound in
question was merely phosphorus. - No
combination has taken place to form this
red compound,, but the phosphorus' has
assumed a second, or allotropic' condition
just as sulphur does under the operation
of heat. ' . i. . ' i
Common phosphorus has to bj kept in
water.for the purpose of guardingagainst
"spontaneous combustion; allotropic phos
phorus, however, may be- kept unchang
ed in atmospheric air; indeed it may De
Wrapped up in paper, and carried in the
pocket even with impunity. . Common
phosphorus readily dissolves in the sul
phuret of carbon, whereas allotropic phos
phorus does not. - -u
Phosphorus exists in all grains, and it
forms a minute portion of every loaf of
wheat bread we eat. It exists m the hu
man brain, but the greatest quantity of it
is found combined with lime; in the bones
of animals. The phosphate of lime sells
at high prices, as a fertilizing agent, sim
ply because it is a substance difficult, to
obtain large quantities. Unlike sulphur
and lime.' which are obtained most abun
dantly from the mineral world; all our
phosphorus is obtained from organic cre
ations. Scientific American. .
Frcm the llural New Yorker.' :
Scbool Teaching Experience.
On looking over the- last number of
the Home Luxury, and finding the col
umn usually devoted to Educational topics
filled with other matter, I was somewhat
disappointed, for I really enjoy that part
of your paper, being myself a young ped
agogue, and the thought occurred to me
where there is an effect, there must be
a cause ; so I settled my head to think a
little, and soon decided tl at I had found
the trouble. First, we know "that you
have the agriculture of these United
States, and part of Canada', to lock af
ter, which is quite enough for one head;
so if you have the kindness to allow the
large body of teachers to interchange
ideas through your columns", they ought
to keep you tlush with items on education
al subjects. 5 What I wish is, that our
District School teachers would take it in
hand ; for the lessons we would get from
them would be practical, and could read
ily be tesud ; and, I have concluded that
it one effort will start a pure District
School confab, it shall ba made. . ' ;
Tbe idea that all the "smart1 ones
teach High Schools, is absurd. This, I
think, will be fully proved if we get our
ranks stirred up, and, perhaps, I had
better break the ice, by giving a short
sketch of my experience. I commenced
with a school of forty, and rc'rneiaber .
very distinctly the first long day1.' I did
not know what to do nor where to begin;
and felt as though a sad mistake had been
made, and that a certain individual had
got into the wrong pew. The first two
day, we had a good real old-fashioned
school the scholars doing as theywis-h-ed,
teach-; r ditto. The second uight I
was possessed of a subject for tenous
consideration, and made up my mind that
a revolution must be effected. - The next
morning the pupils were favored with a
short haraugue, the burden of '. which was
to the effect that an "Education" was
what we rarae there for what we could
not get very well along without and to
get it we must work. We made the sim
ple word "Work," our motto; and work
we did. For ones there was a ; whole
district pleased with their school rather
a novelty about here. ; Work brings with
it order and system; and the old saying,
"give a child something to do an you
will keep it our of mischief.? is, word
by .word, capable ofproof. Get life in
to the school get their . ambition aroused
make everything1 practical, as far as
you can and the school will most certain
ly prosper.
District School teachers Iabcr under
one serious disadvantage, and that is, our
good old farmers seem to think the books
tJey used thirty years ago, are just as
good for children to study, as more mod
ern works. Every one who will. 'give it
a second though, however, cannot fail
to see that this idea is wrong. Suppose
I turn fanner, and, climbing up in the
shed. find an old plow, with a wooden
mould-board, but oue handle, and taking
tt down,' begin the labor ci inverting. the
to;L Along comes .cue of these oU-tima
4 -
book' fanciers',' remarking, ' "Friecd 'ycu
are behind ths times you're' foclisb
try and plow with such aa'cld'thft- aJ
that we cava a 1 nuca ccttsr .k:sdl cott-c-diysJ'
; Let U3 turn his crm weapon
cgainst.hlm ;. "My. fatherused this,, and
he said -it al flap did good trork. Teach
ers must 'bare tia ; external aids tl'at caA
be brought into ssrri:?r if . tjxpset to
reaji a worthy barren frcn tir.hbeft ,
and these sbcrllb? .cheerfully furnished '
by these who sta'nd'jpcntcrs to the iatel
Iigen:c3 pst into sir hizh fcr Is:n:tf
ticn;- v v 1 " . - ". ' a i i
Allow ms th$"pr;7:I:-o ct KitztiTzizz
one cr-twQ essemu!, characteristic C
works fcr educational purposes. JIat!:- '
rnatfcal books should furnish the 'analysis',
cr . reason; "fcr ' erprythi.i.-' - -Rsadsri
ought to be based cn th; mod::.- v.yln cl
pronunciation, and contain'. suiiabl-s '
interesting pieces, . thus imparling, rT
animation. Te old ssries have been re
read, and sung' over by th children," till ,
there is not a park cf interest Ieft- Ti
fact, the old ..Geographies, .Arithmetics,
Grammars,and Readers, are a detriment
o scholars.- .... , A. COBB.
. - ' . j . . '
', " From thfl ladlaaa farzsir.J ; ' 'A
TiicTso;or Cfcarcoal In CrcIr.j
- ' - R0SC3. ' ' i' .':
- From raricus observations I havemaJ
on the use of charcoal in growing rose,
l am disposed to consiJered it cf advan
tage, whether mixed with the soil in
which the 'plants are grown, cr rised as a
top-dresing.' Dr. Gray, in his 'Les-
sons on Botany,1.' says that carbon is it-
Self a solid, and not a: all dissolved by
water; as "such, .therefore it cannot bo
absorbed . into the planr, however minuto
the particles. 6 This is a plain s'.atcmecfi
and may be regarded as expressing thti
opinion of scientific men .on ths sulj::., -
It is al3o behaved, that although pisnts dp
not receive any cf their carbon from char
coal, they are benefitted by the ca cf it,
inasmuch as it is an absorbent1' cf th
carbonic acid gas which 13 in the aiacsi
phereand thrrebv. presenting it in a
fit condition to be taken up by tho rootlets
in greater quantity than when it is not
used.;-'' ' . ' ; ; ' :
" There is another benefit, however that
it confers thai cf promoting a healthy
condition of the roots, and , by the means
securing them in some, measure against
the attacks ' of parasitical fungi, in en
emy which ought fo be ' truarded against
with the utmost, care. The most of th&
readers of this, paper, who have had an
experience in growing roses in pots, can
not but have observed, while planting
Out in the Spring, or in the fall when lif t
ing them, the root3 of sompof them cov
ered with a white mould, or. thread-like
process, which, is the ordinary way in .
which fungus manifests itself. And it u
most destructive, liviug as it does upon
the roots and tender spcgioles, thereby
incapacitating them from performing their
proper functions, and eadmg ia the dis- p
eae and death,.cf its ..ticticn, proqded
restorative means are net resorted to.
In addition to mixing a little in the Bill
of which to grovv ro?es, I have for 3 sev
eral years used it a3 a mulching for thesa -growing
inpots-.in the greenhouse, and
have invariably been 'satisfied with, tho
efiect3 produced, tram actual observa
tion. I have found that by using it in this
way, the temperature cf the mould ia tho
pots is raised one degree above what it
is in the pots where it 13 not so applied.
The gain of every degree of hcatattho
roots of the plants, when it ij an object
to have them ' early in bloom, is so far '
advantageous, and more! than cqnivilcnt
to the . labor and expense. ' : : ; - i
If mildew is caused, as IJcudon scnie
where remarks, by tha temperature of
the soil being greatly belo-.v' that c? tha
atmosphere in which tho plants grow, asy .
means which serves to increasa the best
of the former, as in the caso of Char
coal, must be of bejicfit in protecting them,
from the attacks of that enemy, vltij
readily conceded that other causes may,
and do, operate in producing the same
effects, such as an nndue supply cf mois
ture at the roots of the plants, whilo tha
surrounding atmosphere is comparatively
dry, or the reverse. It is more than prob
able, however, that any material 'differ
ence of temperature between tHe roots'
and branches of a- growing' plan, predis
poses it to become mildewed. . -: - .
In regard . to the opinion entertained
by some, that carbon acts beneficially n
in counteracting various injurious effects
caused by the. matter excreted from tho
roots of plants,' little need bo said, and a
there does cot seem to' be anything like
positive proof that such exuduatloas, aot
injuriously in any case whatever; euch.
at least, is .the conclusion arrived ct
by Prof. Gasparrici. after a series 'cf
carefully conducted experiments. 'Attho .
same, time, it is cf. undoubted benefit in
decomposing the "decayed suckers and
pilorhizas, and the numerous fibres which
perish from natural and accidental caus
es,'ahd thereby enabling the constituent
elements of these to enter ioto nay oth
er combinations-in which circumstance
they may become food for the plants.
' It may be remarked in conclasicn, that
the result of my experience is, that when
not U3ing charcoal in growing rose3, they
have been more or less subject to mildew,
and the'roots of the'plants more apt lobe
injured by fungi, whereas,- with the fren
use of that material they are not at all
liable to be att tcked. And. beside?, when
treated in' this' way the 5an(iare fe'mafk
abL for tScif Irtshnss and l-zxiy ; th-j
flowers are s h ttuprcvcd'tha: they
jcetn as though ii. ,y hai 1 n j
-. ,-i)iy4J u Cy-j.' ". . - -1
