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THE ! ADVERTISER,
.'. "rrBLisnED evert tecrsdat ct
. FUBNAS & LI? ANNA,
CMon4 tory-Strickler's Block Haia Street,
. .' riiDlT.TlLI.E, X. T.
' - ' ' I" EH 11 Si , .
For! year,lf raid in advance - - -'.- $2 00
.' if paid attheendof 6 months -2 60
" " ' . 12 ' 3 00.
Clubs of 12 or more will le furnished at $1 60 per
(Tioutn, provided the cash accompanies the order, not
tterwie. p -
' 7- ! -M A '
- . :: UZ;(X ;i
sy vy Ay Ay Ay Ay gA Ay Ay
'Tree to Form ana Bcgalatc ALL (heir Domestic Institutions In ilieir c:th way, snlject only to the Constitntion ofthc United States."
1 - . f
, . . " 1 . . .. """"""" 1 ..I , ,- - - -
THE iBYERTJSER, .'
One square (10 lines or Ieis) oneiascrtlcn
i.dca aaJilional insertion, - - - - -
One sqasre, one month, - - - - - -
Business Card ofsitiiacsorles'.or. eye
one Colum q one Tear. -----.
Oas-half Col-ma cne year, - - - -
One fourth Column one yar, - -Queeislith
Column one y t ar, - - -
One col amn sis months,
One half Column six nx ntbs, -
Ong fourth Column sis LHin'hs, - - ...
One eighth C'jlaun six tn-nttis, ...
one Lai umn three nioutbs, - - - - -
One half Column three months,
One fourth Column three months, - -Oueeifhth
Column three month. -
aituuacix;icandida;.etf arolc(in advaoc
e,) - -
o
2 3
f C'J
t.u C3
:; 6 3
i) t a
id ta
CO
ca
10 CO
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11 CJ
1 J CO
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VOL. IV.
BEOWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, IAY 24, 1860.
NO. 46.
i
:liS.
c-
tricl .
S to
k no
? (La
ilvve
fd an
Ulitj
r side
" ,
f the
Kjri a
It..
la,
r the
M on
rpose','
nit iff,
o lie
ar
liuti? '
,
At. '
tj,
r jd-
BUSINESS CARDS..
JOBlSOIi c BEDFORD,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
AND
SOLICITORS IN CHANCERY,
Corner First and Main Streets,
Bronnvillc, - - - IVcbrasUa
A. D. KIRK,
Attorney at Law.
Land Aifcat ana TVotnrr Inl.llc.
- .' Rulo, Tlichardson to.,J. i.
Vill practice in tbo Courts cf 88i?tedNebra.ka. a
Xaariiogaiwi Bennett, Nebraska City.
- J. B. WESTON,
ATTORISEY AT LAV,
Brownville, Nebraska.
j"02c on Main Street, one door above the Post
'llrwnvine, Preember 1, 1859.
JAMES AV. GIBSON,
BLACKSMITH
Scond Street.betwecn Main and Nebraska ,
BROWNVILLE, N. T.
rk,
i filed
'ni.La -
with
tout
F.R.
tirt.
ed or
a oth
hore
r ten .
bar.
i crop
ottbt .
ITS.
i scrip,
ord at
era. .
T. M.iALBOTT,
DENTAL SURGEON,
tlsring located himself in Brownville, N. T., ten-
his professional geryices to the community.
All jobs warranted.
DR. D- GWIN,
Having permanently located in
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA,
For tbe practice of Medicine and Surgery, ten
ders bis rrofessional services to the afflicted.
Office oa Main Street. "q23t3
A. tS. HO L LAD AY, M. D.
"ncHpectfnilr informs his friends in Brownville snd
mmediate vicinity that he has resumed the practice of
Medicine, Surgery, & Obstetrics,
and tiopei.bvstrict attention to bis profession, tojeceiye
that cenerous patronape heretofore extended tohim. In
all cases where it Is to'.bleor exidient, a prescription
biuwietswiU bed.one. omeat City Drugstore.
Feb. 24, '69. 35. ly
Ituale-
: iiKiha i
n tio.
i.e. J
;attle,
in be
e pre-
irtirr
TIITllTohnson, ll d.,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Office at U. C. Johnson's Law Office,
First Street, between Llain and "Water,
BttOlTXVIIXlV XKBRASKA.
i.
rm t Trn
I I I I II
1 Ml lilt
T" V v. T A p T T? S
j i .J 1 i i j . j .
mm
m w r m m
III
111
Of every description, ior sale at
SCHIITZ k DEUSER'S
Tiolt-,
rtn.ls
: For
1 1
t fall-
t eon-:
ideed, -
ledge, j
eceipt (
i
ma. i i
ilh
a any
ed y
ere iaf
hivrp
ikit(
ri'icf
i vfy
r NP'
land,
other
scuiu-;
LITERiVRY DEPOT,
- South-east corner Main and Second,
' . EROWNVIIiliE, N. T.
. Sept, 23d,lS59. f-Ptll
D. I. M'SiEF. O.H. HEWETT. E. W. THOMA
McGary,- llcwctt & Tliomas,
. ATTORNEYS AT LAW
SOLICITORS IX CJL1XCERY.
' Brownville, Nebraska.
Will practice In the Courts of Neuraska,and North
west Missouri. REFERENCES.
St. Louis, Mo.
Do
MssrsCrew,McCreary &Cp.,
Iton. James M. Uushs,
... lion. John R. Sheply, - --
Hon. James CraiR,'.
Jlotl. Silus wooflson, -Hon:
Samuel W. Black,
S. F.Kuckolls.Esq.,
Cheeverweetfc. Co.,
VT, J urnas
Browkvllle.N. T. Oct. M, 1858.
. - Do
St. Joseph, Mo.
Do
Nebraska City,N. T.
Do
do
Brownville
v4n!6
tid oa
; tit at
TlllS.
Co.
f lst
Saker
,ni or
not
al f
beat
adred
id re
r at
strit
ter
A.. D-
rspa,
Ter-
A.D
niab cfen
gtbe in?
3lock
unty
il ro-other-
Tb
n tb
licey
tax
f tb
)9. t
i tba
i tbe'
i yoa
cr or
iy ff
fuch
r tbe
ir.
(out-
rk. ''
ef
s:ei-
is in
, th
d es-
i ttli 1
E. S. DUNDY,
A.TTORNEY AT LAW,
ARCHER, RXCnABDSON CO. IT. T
WILL practice in the several Courts of the 2d Judicial
District,.and attend to all matters connected : witt , the
Professicm. -WM. McLensai., .Esq.,of rtwk City,
will assist me in the prosecution of importantSuits.
Sepl. 10, '67'-ll-tf
A. COXSTADI-E,
. IMPORTER AID DEALER IW
IRON, STEEL, NAILS,
CASTINGS, SPRINGS, AXLES, FILES
, 33EIiIjO WO,
BL ACKSiNHTirS TOOLS
Also: -Hubs, Spokes, and Bent Stuff.
Third. Street, between Felix nd Edmond,
SAINT JOSEPH, MO.
.Which he sells at St. Louis rrices for cash.
Highest Price Paid for Scrap Iron.
December 1, 1559. -ly- '
-OB. F. KISSET. T H0LLT'
- -KINNEY -& HOLLY, -
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
Will practiced the Courts of this Territory. Collec
tion and criminal business attended to throughout J.e
kraska, Western Iowa and Missouri. Will attend the
Courts at Brownville. v2n33'6m
l.L.HrOBtS. JESSE HOIXADAY. ALEXIS MTJDD.
HUGIICS & ISOLL.AOAY,
No. 1, City Buildings,
SAINT LOUIS ! - -- - MISSOURI.
. . r.ILim &, IIOLL.ADAY,
No. HO, Tearl Street,
. Slow T"orlx,
Produce and Coniniission
m unonAHTa.
WE KITES BT PERMISSION TO
Powell, Levy fc Lemon, - - St. Joseph,
Tootles ts. Farleigh, ...
T. & J. Curd - ..- - - "
Nave, McCord k Co., . ... "
Donnel &. Sarton - - "
iSorwra Island Ahead of the World ! I
.LOOK HERE ! LOOK HERE !
SHINGLES 11 SHINGLES ! I
The undersigned takes this method of informing
tUocitizens of JScmalia County, and tbe rest of man
kind that-he bag, and will keep on band a superior
lot of Cottonwood Shingles, which be wiUVellcheap
V FOR CASH OR PRODUCE,
JJis Shingle Macbine is on tbe Sonora Island, near
tbe Island haw Mill, where he may be found when he
is not absent on professional business. Give him a
call and be will give you gat i fiction.
. April 12,1850. (Cm) MEIUDITH EELYY.
To Ladies of Brownville,
r,mS. MARY HEWETT
Announces that she has just reccired from tbe
tast a magnificent stock of
MILLINERY GOODS
Consisting of
STRAW, FRENCH CHIP,
GIMP LEGHORN, .
SILK, St CRAPE
BONNETS. . - '
French Flowers, Straw Trimmingo, Ribbons, eto.,
To which she invites the attention of the Ladies of
Brownville and vicinity, feeling assured they cannot
be better suited in style, quality or price.
April 12,1800
MONEY ADVANCED ON
PIKES'S PEAK GOLD !
We win receive Pike's Peak Gold, and advance
money upon the same, and pay over balance of proceeds
as soon as Mint returns are bad. In all cases, we will
exhibit the printed returns of the United States Mint,
or Assay office.
I.l SSinAlC.II & CARSOX,
BULLION AND EXCHANGE BROKERS
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA.
no20v4
Clocks, "Watches & Jewelry.
j. SCHITTZ
"? Would anuounceto thecitizens of Brawnville
nd vicinity that he has located himself in
l!SLlBrowriville, andintends keeping a full assort,
lueui of everything in his lineof business, which will
be sold low for cash. He will also do all kinds of re
pairing of clocks, watches and jewelry. All work war
ranted. v3nl31y
CITY LIVERY STABLE,
WM. ROSSELL,
BROWNVILIiE, N. T.
Announces to the public that he is prepared to accom
modate those wishing with Carriages and Buggies to
gether with good safe horses, for comfort and case in tra
velling. He willalso board horses by the day, week or
month.
53-TEB.VS FAVORABLE. J
June 10, 'oS. 60tf
1859. 1859.
IIAXAin AL & ST. JOSEPH R. U.
FALL ARIIANGE3IEXTS.
Morning Train leaves St. Joseph at . . - - .6:00
Evening Train leaves Io do - - 6:40
St. Joseph is reached by the Western Stage Line.
Passengers save time and tiresome staging by this route.
Dailv connections made at Hannibal with alljEastern
and Southern KailroaJs and Packets.
t V
r, S'.jp't., Hannibal. -
- - ; .ice.
Merchant Tailor,
JACOB LTARH0N,
BROWNVILLE, N. T.
Adopts this method of returning tbr.nks to the
gentlemen cf this vicinity, for tbe liberal patron
age bestowed upon him heretofore, and to annonnce
that ho has just returned from St. Louis with a
FRESH STOCK
'. ' . - Of every article cf
GENTLEMEN'S WEAR,
Consisting of
FINE CL OTHS,
STJ1VL35E33XL GOODi3,
Cotton, Lixnen and Silk Goods
FOR MEN'S "WEAR.
TToolcn. Cotton, and Silk Undershirts, drawers
VmHiim.- I 1 F IIoe. Susnendcrs. Ac. In short, ev
ery thing a gentleman could desire to array himself
in the gayest attire, lie wuiseu megooasormaKe
suits to order in a stylo equal to any other House
nnywhere, He asks but an examination of his goods
and woik.
Prices,
Correspond with the Present Hard
Times.
Anril 12, 18G0.
MORTON HOUSE,
' MAIN STREET,
NEBRASKA CITY, XEBRASEA.
T. I. GODDIN, Proprietor.
September, 29,1859. ' tf.
Published March 17th,
Another New Work by the Distinguished
. American Authoress,
E3I3IA D. E.3Y. SOUTIITTORTII.
ITnxin.to d. IXomostoad,
With an autobiography cf the author, by Mrs, Emma
D. E.N. Southworth, Author of the Lost Heiress,
Deserted Wife, Missing Bride, India. Wife's Victory,
Ketribution, Curse of dilton, Vlvla, The Three Beau
ties, Lady of the Isle, etc.
Complete in one large duodecimo volume, neatly bound
in cloth, for one dollar and twenty-five cents, hr in two
volumes, paper cover for one dollar.
SAVE YOUR MONEY AND GO TO
WM. T- DEN,
SWT in a on,
Wholesale and Retail dealer in
BOOTS AND SHOES.
CHARTER OAK
Life Insurance Company,
Hartford, Conn. " ;!
Incorporated ly ihe Stale of Connecticut.
Capital Slock 200,000.
With large and increasing surplusrtccipts,secure
ly invested under the sanction and approval of tbe
Comptroller of Public Accounts.
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS:
JAMES C. WALKLEY, President,
JOHN L. BUNCE, Vice President.
ELI AS GILL, Secretary.
E.D.DICKER.MAN, General Agent.
DlilECTOKS:
Alfred Gill, Daniel Phillips, JobnL.Bunce,
R.Blodget, J. A. Butler, E. D. Dickerman
N.Wheaton, Sam. Coit, Nelson Hollister,
James C. Walkley.
S.B.Beresford,M D, Consulting Physician.
A. S. Uolladay,M D, Medical Examiner.
Applications received by R. "W. FURNAS. Ag't,
n8-tf Brownville, N.T.
FRANKLIN
TYPE & STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY
No. 163 Vine St.,bet. Fourthana Fifth,
Cincinnati, 0.
C. F. O'DRISCOEIL & CO
Manufacturers and dealers in Nws,Book and Job
Type, Printing Presses, Cases, Gallies. Ac., Ac.
Inks, and Printing Material of Every Description,
STEREOTYPING of all kind Books,Music.
Patent.Medicine Directions,Jobs,Vood Engrevinge,
Brand and Pattern Letters, various styles,
Pioneer Bookbinder?
umik BOOK
Manufactory.'
COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA.
WILLIAM F. KITER,
Would respectfully inform the citizens in Western
Iowa and Nebraska that he has opened a first class
Cindery, and the only cne ever established in this
section of country. I am now prepared to do all kinds
of work pertaining to the business.
Harper's, Graham's, Godey's. Peterson s, Arthur s
Bailout, Frnnk Leslie's, Knkkbockcr, Wa
verly, Hunt's, and Putnam's Magaiines.
New York Ledger, Ballou's Picto
rial. Harper's Weekly, Scien
tific American, Yankee
Notions, Musical Review,Les
lie's Illustrated, Ladies Repository,
Ladies Wreath, Atlantic Monthly,
Music, Law, Books, and Ncwspnpers, or
ur-. Nn, vin.l. li or new. bound or robound
In the most approved styles, on slicrt notice and low
prices. Old family liibies reDounu bo mvu.uu
wear equal to new.
August 24, 1859. nT-17
IS II ATI REAVIS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
AND
REAL ESTATE AGENT,
Falls City, Richardson County, Nebraska
Wi ljrlve prompt attention to a.i professional busi
ness intrusted to his care in Richardson and adjoining
counties; also to the drawing of deeds, pre-emption pa
pers, fcc, a c. May 1353 n43-6m
Mrs. Hendgen & Miss Lusk,
HILLIXERS AND DRESS HAKERS,
First Street, bet. Main and Water,
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA,
Bonnets, Hcad-Dretsetand Trimixinrjtjilwaytonhand
Brownville, N. T.
HAS NOW OX IIAUT) a larceandwell select-
"? d torW of Boots imd Shoes, Lady's and Gent.'s
i...i:f.-s a:;:! S vtrs .f erprr T-rl" - '.
i f jr-.Di rhops e try ! 1 i . T
.i . t i ; 1 (:',:. f,.r ( r?a r j'n.ii j. t .
h.-.- iov.Ntul tt.'I.-.v.ia. .ill work w-i.-.- .-
- : ' i: ' !" '', :'( d.
t tie City Bool 4tvre. t-'- iecr ktj.t t-.-x
sale " '' :' - -
Brownville..June2d,'59. n49jf-
AflMCAN H01JSB.
KTor Hotel
BROWNVILLE NEBRASKA.
P. J. HENDGEN,
ITercby notifles the public that be has purchased the
Nebraska House in Brownville, N- T., formerly kept by
T. J. Edwards, and has remodeled, renovated and enti
rely changed tbe wholo house, from cellar to garret,
wiih an especial view to neatness, comfort and conve
nience. Having had many years experience as hotel
keeper, he feels safe in warranting the boarding patron
age of Brownville, and the traveling public, that, -while
at the American, they will have no reason to complain
of the fare in any respect.
The Hotel is situated immediately at the Steamboat
Landing, foot of Main street, and consequently affords
peculiar advantages to tho traveling community. Tbe
proprietor asks but to be trisd, and if not found worthy,
discarded.
January, 19 1SC0, 23-tf
AGRICULTURAL
From the Wisconsin Farmer.
An Experienced Batter .Maker's
N Jlethoa. :
A correspondent cf tne American Ag
riculturist gives the followiag; experience
in Butter making :
My experience for many years in a
large dairy gives-me Swia. practical
knowledge of what constitutes a good ar
ticle of Butter, and perhaps I cannot bet
ter explain the principle of making it,
than by giving the regular method pur
sued by my family. In the Spring, when
our cows are coming in, we keep them
enterely from the horse litter, or stable,
which would give the milk an unpleas
ant flavor, and feed them a little yellow
corn, carrots or corn stalks, which im
prove the color and quality of the better.
We are very careful to strip the cows as
clean as possible, and strain the milk in
the cellar before it cools, in order that
the cream may rise undisturbed. We
use twelve quart tin pails, instead of
pans, rinding them more convenient. If
the weather is freezing cold, we add one
teacupful of buttermilk to each pail,
strain it full, and let it stand until the
cream rises ; then take enough for one
churning to an upper room where fire i3
kept most of the time, and let it become
loppered, at which time it is ready for
the churn. , We put about twenty-four
gallons of milk in a 60 gallon churn, and
in churning, have the dash rise above
the milk, and descend to the bottom of
the churn, otherwise there is a deficien
cy in churning all the milk effectually.
W e use no thermometer, but suppose the
tbe milk to be about 60 or 65 far
enheit. We can tell by the sound if the
milk is tempered right it will have a
clear ring. We use horse power and
churn from sixty to eighty minutes. When
the churning is nearly done, cowmen is
told by the butter rising in separate
specks upon the dash,) we put in about
five gallons of water, continue to. churn
about five minutes longer, when the but
ter is ready to be taken out. It is then
washed in two or three different waters,
salted, and put away to stand about two
hours , for the salt to dissolve. It is then i
it i
E2
NEMAHA LAND AGENT,
SURVEYOR & NOTARY PUBLIC,
Willselectlands, Investigate titles, paytaxes, &c,
either in Kansas or Nebraska; buy, sell, and enter
lands on commission; invest in town property, buy or
soil the same, and will always have on handcorrect
plats of townships, counties, &.c, showingalllandssub
lect to entry, and where desired will furnish parties liv-
ingin thestateswitn tnesame.
Being the oldest settler in the county will In all
cases be abletogive f ulland reliable information.
Address A. L. Coate, either at Brownvilleor Nemaha
ritv.NebraskaTerrltorr. 6m-42-v2
The Nebraska Farmer.
16 PAGES QUARTO MONTHLY.
SUBSCRIBE FOR IT.
II is the only Journal devoted exclusively
to the Agricultural and Educational inte
rests of Nebraska, Kansas, Northern
Missouri and Southern Iowa.
Try it. Aid it.
Four Copies,' 3 months for SI
Twenty Copies, 1 year 815
One Copy, 1 year SI
Address, .
FURNAS & LYANNA,
Brownville, Nebraska.
THE
HELVItf LULLS.
NEMAHA CITY, NEBRASKA.
The proprietor returns thanks for the generous
patronage thus far extended him, and hopes by re
newed efiorts to merit increased favors.
Farmers and Others
Will do well to have their grain in as soon ta possi
ble spring freshets will soon bo upon U3, when
more than likely it will be impossible to run the
mill for several weeks.
Come Along Now !
Meal and Flour of Superior Quality
Constantly on lland.
We will pay 75 cents cash for wheat.
Feb-22,1SG0. J. O. MELY1N.
:i a
Peru Chair Factory
The undersigned, having purchased the Chair and
Cabinet shop lately owned by T. U. Marshall, take '.his
method of informing the public that they are now pre
pared to fill orders foT all kinds of furnituie, such as
Chairs, tables, stands, bedstead, bureaus, sales, cribs,
caii les, lounges, etc., etc., either at wholesale or re
tail as cheap as can be borgbt at any other establish
ment in the west. The best of coffin lumber and trim
nunss ccDs!ant'.y on hand, which will enable us to fill
orders for cofSns at short notice.
We have attached to our shop a good Horse Power and
Turning Lathe, and we are prepare! to do any descrip
tion of turning from a Chair leg up to a Su?ar Mill.
Chairs and Furniture of all kinds repaired in the best
style.
N. B. Corn, Wheat, Flour, Dry Goods, Groceries, Lum
ber and produce of all kinds, Mouey not excepted, ta
ken in exchange for work or goods. We hope by strict
attention to business to merit a share of public patron
ace. - BENEDICT it BLISS.
Tern, Nebraska, Xovcniber Zi, IS53.
ir.g Lieut lorty pcu:., nr.a urd to tw.
city. ' This is'our method of "making but
ter until about the middle of May.
The means used to secure the thicken
ing of the milk (loppering) depend on
the weather. When it is mild, we strain
the pails half full in the morning, and
then fill them at night with warm milk.
Again, if the weather is still warmer,
we fill the pails full. If a stove can be
used in the cellar, it is preferable to any
other mode for thickening milk.
About the middle of May, our cow3
are generally all in, and we commence
the summer dairy. We have about fifty
cows, and from five to seven persons who
do the milking, and one who attends to
straining the milk as fast as brought to
the milk-bench adjoining the yard. Usu
ally about nine quarts are strained in
each pail. If, however, the weather is
cool, more is added, if warm, less. Our
cellar is kept quite dark, and free from
any current of air. We think too much
light bleaches the cream, and to much
air dries its surface. , When the weath
er becomes warm, ice is used to cool the
butter fit for working, which is quite
necessary, as it is hardly possible to
work soft butter to any advantage. We
are quite careful when using the ladle
not to draw it over the surface of the
butter, but to extract the buttermilk by
gashing and pressing. We think the
drawing of the lade on the butter,
drawing of the ladle on the butter cre
ates an oily surface, and changes its so
lidity, which causes it to become rancid.
Ashton salt is used, about one ounce to
the pound of butter, yet we have discov
ered a remarkable difference in what is
called Ashton salt, some dissolving easi
ly, some otherwise I have sometimes
thought that Ashton sacks were filled
with Saline salt. Our firkins are filled
with water, and soaked about twenty
four hours before packing in them. When
filled within an inch of the top, we spread
a clean cloth on it, and put on half an
inch or more of salt, then make a brine
so strong that no more salt will dissolve
in it, and pour the firkin full. We think
brine cannot be made to strong to pre
vent the top of the butter from changing
its color and becoming rather light upon
the surface, but salt and brine united will
keep the butter without change.
The Pennsylvania Oil Springs
The continued yield of these springs
and veins is creating much excitement in
their vicinity and elsewhere, being calcu
lated, as they are, to render that region
of the country one of the richest in the
Union. One gentleman at Union, Pa.,
recently commenced boring, and at the
deph of 53 feet struck a vein, which is
yielding him twelve barrels of oil per
day. Others, from a greater depth, are
securing 30 barrels per diem. It now
becomes a ouestion as to what the effect
of these discoveries will be upon whale
fishing.
Pecuniarilv the reverse It is an old
nroverb that a man is known by the com
pany he keeps," but now-a-days an in
surance othcer is mucn more nicely to oe
known by the, Company that keeps him.
From the Prairie Farmer.
ETcrsreens.
Prepare a rough frame, similar to a
common hotbed frame, one foot high in
front, two feet at back, five feet wide,
and ns long as you require ; place this in
a pcui.on to face about southeast, or from
that to east, and in a location where the
sun will not shine on it after ten o'clock.
Set it in the surface, then dig out sixteen
inches cf the soil, and replace six inches
in depth with stones cf any kind, broken
rather small for drainage. Sprinkle some
moss or short strawy material over the
drainage, to prevent the soil working
down through it. . Prepare soil to fill it
by mixing any kind of free soil with
quarter of sand. Your black vegetable
produced soil I woulcHleeia particularly
suitable. Let this be thoroughly mixed
and broken finely ; no hard lumpy matter
should be left in it. Fill ud this to with
in eight inches in the front and about a
foot from the top at back. In filling it,
let it be pressed somewhat firm, but not
so aa to consolidate it. You can either
cover with glazed sashes or canvassed
stretched on frames. The glass is to be
preferred because it will exclude rains and
you can whitewash during ' the summer,
if found necessary, which is not likely if
located as proposed above. The best time
to sow is in the spring, the earlier the j
better, say from the middle to the end of
March. Let the surface be smooth; and I
pentlv beatinr with the back of a spade ,
o J O - -
will leave a level surface; sow the s jeds
thickly, and cover with a soil like the
previous, but containing more sand, say
one third of sand, and cover the seeds
by sifting it through a fine seive over
them. Cover such as Arbor vitae (Amer
ican, and the Thuyas,) Hemlock Spruce,
and similar small seeds, about one-eighth
of an inch, and the White Pine, Nor
way Pine, English Fir, &c, about one
fourth of an inch. Some of the larger,
as the Stone Pine, require a half inch of
covering; you can judge the amount of
covering required by the size of the seed.
Now cover the whole surface over with
moss, or short, soft, refuse hay, not more
than half an inch or so; very slight cov
ering is needed, simply to prevent the
immediate contact of water with the soil
when given through a watering can, or
from bein beaten with rains should the
' t-A-cn eff fcr thai obiect. Tins
- i J . - - - ' - --
f.T th? c !-'.-' n cf air A i'.? !-;ed, and
favcrs thepu.:.L? cf tho . Do not
water immediately after sowing ; put on
the sashes and keep them close for a coup
le of weeks or so; then if the soil ap
pears to be dry on surface, water slightly
over the covering; after this the sashes
may be raised a couple of inches or so,
alternating the openings at the top and
bottom; leave them so open day and
night. Of course if you get 10 or
15 of frost, you will close the sashes
and cover up so as to 1 eep the soil from
freezing. The freezing would not per
haps do much harm, none at all if vege
tation has commenced, but it can do no
good, and the safe side is to avoid it.
When young plants appear, carefully and
gradually remove the surface covering,
not hastily removing all at once, but thin
ing it at intervals of a few days, so as
not to expose the tender leaves too sud
denly to light. After the first, of May
elevate the sashes top and bottom to six
inches above the frame, secure them
properly in that position and leave them
day and night, never removing them ex
cept to water. The common advice is,
to "sow your seeds in a damp, shady
place," hence, the inference is, that ve
ry much water is a necessity; so it is, in
a certain sense, but the desideratum is in
keeping them in a damp equable atmos
phere, not keeping a wet soil.
Here is the great point in raising all
evergreen seedlings. Currents of dry
air passing rapidly and freely over them
dries the soil, causing frequent applica
tions of water, which consolidates and
bakes the surface, and rots the tender
roots. The great point is therefore to
keep the ground moist but not wet; have
your location selected, so that a drying
sun will not speedily evaporate the sur
face moisture; and keeping the sashes
constantly over them, while it allows air
enough to keep a gentle and gradual
change, still prevents a rapid current of
drying winds. It is sometimes advisable
to close one end, (let down one end of
the sashes,) if winds, dry and scorching,
blow into it. All evergreens, old and
young, delight in such an atmosphere ; go
into the woods where such abound, and
you will find young Hemlocks, Rhododen
drons, Kalmias, &c, by the thousand,
springing up in shady spots, even on the
bare rocks, crotches of trees, and places
where they hardly find any soil at all ;
here they have a moist atmosphere with
out a wet soil. This is what we have to
imitate. The above is an accurate de
scription of the mode in which I have rais
ed seedling Arbor vitas, Hemlock spruce,
White Pine, &c , in Maryland as well as
here. I had a few years ago a three
sashed frame in which I raised over twen
ty thousand Arbor vitas, and Hemlock
spruce, two of the hardest seed3 to man
age, on account of their small size, and
the great tenderness of the young plants.
In winter, bank up well all around,
and lay carefully in over the young
plants a few small bunches, over which
should be disturbed until
after
the sec-
summer's growth. They should be
t in narrow line3, on a sandy bor-
ond
set
der.that is shaded from middav and af-
ternocn sun. A richly manured soil is
ELCt necessary, tut a well wrought, fertile
and rather sandy soil is best ; a slight
muhhing between the rovr3 will benefit
them much. It may be well to r; k,
that ground-mice and moles will play
the deuce if they get into tl j frame du
ring winter. It will be well to run the
borders well down to prevent them run
ning through the soil. "
WIT ANO TTIEMl
gccrih'y
tho
Honey Locnst
A farmer in Perry county, Illinois,
says : About twelve years ago I set a half
a mile with honey locust plants, eight or
ten inches apart. I cut off the tops . ev
ry year the first year near the ground,
the next, eighteen inches high, and thus
on until the hedge was three feet high.
At four years old it was a good fence
against cattle and horses, rather open at
the bottom for small stock, such as hogs
or sneep. It nas not been trimmed fcr
the last two years, and I have had it cut
down at the ground this Spring. ' I think
I can make it grow close enough at the
bottom by trimming it a little closer.
The old tops which we have cut off, will
make a good fence until it grows again
from the roots. I believe the honey lo
cust will answer a very good purpose for
heJging on our prairies."
TImotny and Clover on the Prai
ries. II. Starkey asserts, in the Rockford
Register, that : First Our prairie soil is
less adapted to tfce growing of timothy
grass than any other crop he has ever
tried to raise on it. Second Our cli
mate is less adapted to the growth of
timothy, because of the severe drouths
of our summers.
. Third Timothy doe3 not improve the
land
Fourth Timothy sod is undoubtedly
the home of the grubworm.
He would substitute clover. It yields
well on the prairies and is highly bene
ficial to the soil, and if cut in full bloom,
cured neither too little or too much with
out being wet with dew or rain, it i3 less
dusty than timothy cut and cured as you
will. -He.kr.ows of r.o well cured hay
tnat wli ccv- "
' as rran : v
'I nule have
l
Tom Marshall's
show Low he used somebody up ia
most mortifying manner. lv:t his last
"last" is rather the other way. Ia cq r.irg
to this city a few veek3 si:.ce from Cin
cinnati, he stopped over hi Delaware, a
flourishing village- ia the interirr, fcr a
day o' t.vc. Just before leaving :hcri he
asked the station agent to check his valise
for Cleveland. The agent, a tall and
VL.dant-loCo.ing young nun, chalhid
"Cleveland" on the valise r r. 1 v.-?nt away.
The brilliant Kentuckian tiiurvt exactly
understand this way of checking, but a
sudden thought struck him and he started
in pursuit cf the agent. After a pro
tracted search Maishall found him. "";
"Look here," said Tcm, "I want that
piece cf chalk."
"What for?" askci tho astonished
agent..
"So I can have something to ..v for
my baggage hi Cleveland !" sail Tcm,
with perfect gravity.
The verdent looking agent brushed hh
long soap locks from his eyes,- closely
surveyed Tom's face for a moment or two,
and said, solemnly, "We gin'rally give a.
small piece of brass to holders of bag- .
gage, but I reckon t'aint necessary ia
yonr case !"
There wa3 just time to go across the
street and return before the train started,
and the form of the tall Kentuckian tow
ered at the procession.
There is said to be aa old farmer
living in Red River co., Texas, well-:.
in he world, and hospitable, but who h?.r,
a most inconceivable prejudice agah : ,
Tennessee and Tennesseans, insomuch
that he will not even entertain a man from
that State. His mode of ascertaining a
Tennesseean is something like pro-slar ery
men in Kansas determining a Yankee by
the pronunciation of the word "cow," tho
Yankee calling it "keow." His word is
calico, which he says the Tennesseana
uniformly pronounce "kaliker." A strangr
er rides up, and probably asks the privi
lege of spending the night at his Louse.
The old p'aiter, before answering definitely,-
pulls out a singular piece cf calico
from his vest pocket, and showing it u
the stranger, a?ks what ha thirA? cf ;t.
a covering or straw or nay, men put on
the sashes close and tight, and keep dry,
they will keep ail winter without seeing
the light if entirely dry that is the great
point again.
Larches may be planted the next spring
after sowing, but none of the others
cf
.en hh i.ert-
es aft rattle cave ; y cf freed trieA.t
clever hay Lo is perfectly satisfied with
their condition. The greatest objection
to it in this courtry ia that it does not
keep as well in the stack as timothy
does not pack so close.
He prefers to seed with wheat rather
than with oats, and fall plowing to spring
plowing, as we are liable to get the seed
too deep on spring plowing. He never
harrows in grass seed sow it after har
rowing the grain one way, then takes a
straight rail ten or twelve feet long, and
bores a dozen holes in it, and wedges in
as many saplings; .with this, crosses the
the harrowing, and thus covers the seed.
He cuts his grass, if not when m full
bloom, before one half is out. It will not
cure enough to get in in one day, and it
should be cocked. Recommends farmers
to get cotton caps for covering hay cocks.
So do we, and they will be useful in har
vest on the grain. If he has any doubt
about his hay being sufficiently cured, he
puts about four quarts of salt on a load
as it is mowed away. Prarie Farmer.
From the Country Gentleman.
Cnltnrc or Rhnnarb.
This plant is found in all American
gardens, but loo often it occupies a place
in some neglected corner, receiving little
or no care, and therefore producing no
thing but dry and flavorless stalks, while
complaint is always being made about it
"doing no better." The fact is, rhu
barb want3 good care, and nothing grown
in the kitchen garden will repay a con
siderable outlay of attention and extra
culture.
Rhubarb may be grown from the seed,
by those who like to employ themselves
by raising varieties, and have patience
to wait for the produce, fcr it will be at
least three years before it will be suita
ble for use. The best way, however, i3
to procure the roots, cut them into as ma
ny pieces as the crown separates into
heads, and plant then into rows two feet
apart each way.
The soil best suited for successful cul
tivation should be deep and rich, and it
comes forward much earlier if it is dry,
light, and porous. Before the plants are
set out, the soil should be well manured,
and worked deep with a plow, say to the
depth of eighteen inches. Keep the
ground free from weeds, by stirring fre
quently with a manure fork during the
summer. Well rotted manure should be
applied to the root3 in the spring and fall,
having it well incorporated with the soil.
Of varieties, Downing's Colossal and
Cahoon's Seedling are the most noted
American sorts. The Lineaus, Victoria
and Giant are good English kinds, and
may be procured of any nurserymen in
the country.
If these varieties cannot be obtained,
much may be done to improve the most
inferior and worthless kinds found in the
country gardens. Take them from the
forsaken corner, which has become filled
with grass ; supply abundantly with ma
nure, have the soil fine and deep, and, if
possible, a good exposure to the sun. A
great difference in the quality and yield
will be the result.
To reform a Chimney Sweep r' Make
a clean sweep" of hirn.
'V,
V.-4
3 '
.I t It ?'
"jn.'-g
"vou'r: frc:.
you can t strp
vz:i rr.-
We heard recently of a joke in ccd
nection with the secession of tho Di3 .
unionists from the Charleston Convention
that is too good to be lost. A fussy dele
gate from Alabama, during the prcgres$
of the discussion on the platform; kept
whispering to a delegate from the North-
west that his State would be obliged to
secede if the minority report carried:
Wh'n the minority report was adopted,
adopted, he picked up his hat and de
clared his purpose of going that he could
not stay any longer in the Convention...'.
Hi3 Western friend said the only conso-' .
lation he could give him would be- found
in the fifth chapter and seventeenth verse
of Matthew, or in the seventeeth chapter .
and fifth verse, he did not recollect which.
"What is the passage?" said the A.la
bamian. "Secede and be d d," was the
reply. Cin. Enquirer.
A fellow, the ether1 Jay, sold some' '
clothing to a Jew. After the sale had
been concluded, he said to him :
"Do you know that they hang a Jew
and a jackass together on the gallows in ,
England ?"
"Well, no," was the rejoinder; "but
aint it a blessing that both cf us ain't
there, seeing that they might hang one'
one account of Li3 nation and the othe.r
on account of Lii nature.'
In a cemetry, at Dunkirk, N. Y., a
stone is erected over the "ashes" of a A
.deceased old lady, on which her survivors.
intended to write the epitapn, "Let her
rest in peace." The space gave out at t
the end of the word "her," so that only
the initial letters of the remainded could'
be inserted. Thus the u .ar old lady was
commended to the mould with the some-,
what slangy inscription, "Let her R.LP."
An indignant Frenchman in search
cf information, is said to have goteffthe
following: "Mine frcn, have you seen
von leetle trunk, vat I left to-morrow, as
I vill come from ze steamboat by ze hotel?"
"I did not, monsier, and expect to do so
the balance of the day." "By car! if ''
he gets stole, I vill kill ze raskable vat
vill take him, till he choke. Sacre ! Vat "
a country's !"
A chap up country, speaking cf tho '
rainy season, the year he was married, ' .
said, "it rained when he went courting,
rained when he got published, rained
when he got married, and squalled the
same night as he went after tnc doctor.
What tree represents a person who
persists in incurring debts ? Willow, .
(will owe.)
One ought to have dales at one's fin- "
ger-end3, seeing they grow upon the palm.
One hundred yard3 of the raw silk
of the silk worm doe3 not weigh a grain. .
Ah artificial florist lately described
himself as "Head gardner to the ladies." .
No dust uffect3 the eyes like geld
dust, and no glasses liko brandy glasses.
Why is the world like a piano 1 Be- .
cause it is full cf sharps and flats.
Did the horseman who "scoured the
plain use soap
i