' t - f T - - . '
- fIJKNAS & ANNA,
gecond Story Iloadley's Elock, Main Street
. IIROITA'TIUE, X. T.
TERMS:
rj one rer, if lai3 ia Jvnce, - - - - $2 06
. " if J.aid atxbe endof 6 ruviulif 2 60
tt f
12
Ciub of 12 or wore will bo furnished t JI 60 per
Tiiiiim. provided tnecali ccuuii.auie tie vrdtr, tot
L,. .r
rinmii . iU mwiiW n'lfT""''"""1'""' , m,amm-u mi imiim m iiiMry-""" ' 1 - I I Miiu i mi mi nimn mull n imiatfimi II 1 1 I1 1 1 I liwn ' il n i in nil
.. .... , , . , . - -I , ., , . . ,j , , . , --. I i , , , 'l . . , ' .
1 . . 1 ;,'-ul-- 2-
, T r
fe A 6
:.TnB;-,iDVEIlTISr
3
Trec Co Fqrni and Hcsalnie All iticlr Mystic .InsMntlGrA In io (lie Cohstltation of tie United States.?
rates or ADvrr.ricizras
Oa square (13 lineor J?5)ouiSierli - t'
hjeb ilUitivtiAlinscruoii, -.- - - ;--- i-we
One sq-urc, c no r;r):ith, - - - - - - -' W
lliisino-, r lr.Unf ...i t I lr.p or It-as. Cji.e r;?r. - - o vi
one Column one year, 4 ... (no
One-iialf tohraa one year, J5 C-
One fonrtb Colttsnu ode je.ir, ",r, 10 UJ
Oaeeisiiih C ;lyn,n one ye1", - .-',"2-.--" "
Oneecli!i-;'i ix t:iiG'h-, - Tf s- - 35 &)
Onahjif Cxlainticix mnnth, -- - J'J 01
One fourth Column .i rr. ith, 10 f J
One eistitl Cornr.m sn ritntlm, 8W
One C jIuiisii three nn;:i.i. - - - - - - J8 0
One h!i C 'iunm tbrce nil v :! ... .- - 1 w)
OiwfVtrtb r..:.jir.n t:-rer. , -'- - . 1 u
OneeUhtb Co'.un.a t"..r; m-i.il", iO)
;ia...trtt5t(?2T5 ;!-J?.tcf f jnnue 41'. ar.ee.) - 6 WJ
VOL. IV.
BUSINESS QARDS.
" U. C. JOHNSOIT, ;
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
SOLICITOR IN CHANCERY
' AND
Ileal Estate Agent,
BROWSYILLE, N. T.
BEFERNCES.
flon.Wm.JcMav.Monlrosc.r.
H S BcntW, "
ij'in 0. Miller. Chicago, 111.
CharlMF. Fowler, "
W Furnas, UrownTillc,. I.
. .
. - . , , r ; i 1 ; 1 rr n
i.l i
.i.l
51
'T-!A' "VtTT A' T'
.26:ri860.'.
.;i
NO. 29.
Cabinet & T7agon-Haker
J. B. "WESTON,
AtTORHEY AT LAW,
Brownville, Nebraska. -OSceon
M.iu Street, one door above the Post
nviMe, Prcemer 1, 1S59,
'T'C. V7. WHEELER,
Architect and Builder.
Browuvillo. T- -
' MRS. MARY HEWETT
"MILUllER A!iD DRESS MAKER.
BLACKSMITH
"" T. HI. TALBOTTt
DENTAL SURGEON,
.lUrinjc lcatcd biin.f in Brownville. Is. T, ten
4er hiMrofeon.aerTiec8totbecomniun!.ty. .
All jb? warranted.
(IIavin- permanently located . in . j
B110WNVILLE, NEBRASKA,
Fr tke t.faeticft c,f Medicine- and ?rpery, ten
irrs hi, profe-ional .ervkes to tho affl.cted.
OSee on Main Street. noisvi
A.S. IIOLLADAY, AID.
Befpectfnllv inform, hi friend in BrownTille and
mmed.ate vicinity iliai t.e has resigned the practice of
Medicine, Surgery, & Obstetrics,
M hpei,lr stru-t atiention to hi Pro'eMJ ' Vi'in
that venemua patronage 1.erctof..rc extendod toMtn In
all -ae. were U i possible r expejJient, a prescription
tuMiieewill t-cdone. Oilicc at City Drug Store. ,
reb.24,'&9.. 35. ly - '
11T STATE Al TIIOniTY.
INCREASE OF CASH CAPITAL
riioenix Insurance Company,
IlarlfortT, Connecticut.
.DEVOTED TO
FIRE ItiSDRAKCE EXCLUSIVELY
Charter Perpetual.
Cash Capital, 400,000 00 Dollars.
CaMi Assetts, 54T,112 3?
S. II.LOOMlS.rrcsident.
-II KVX1 OQ i, Secretary.
Branch Office, 31 Si 33 32-S7. Cincinnati.
. M.MAG ILL General Agent.
Agents in tbe ir'meijMil Cities and towns in the
Union, lrfwscs pn.inj.tly joid. Applicatioiia rcceir
and policies issued and renewed.
fV , 0. Ji. HEWETT Apent,
At Brownville, N. T.
Brownvi'lle, Xt. 17. 1SL9.1J
liSIT. LITRRATURB
NEWSPAPERS, -
!Period.iCils,
Of "every uescripiion, for sale at.
. SCIIIITZ & DEUSER'S
LITRVRY DEPOT,
South-east corner Main and Second,
; BROWNVILLE, N. T.
S?T2d, 1859. ' f-"tU
Hi ii3 i.Os
MANUFACTORY!
JOHN W. MIDDLETON,
IIROir,TII.I.E9 X. T.
Cf TI ERE BT Informs tbe pub'.ic that lie baa
f- lecated hime!f in tl;i8 City, and is prepared
Vs -w tv nerve those in trant of anythins in bis line.
He tmn selected his dock iritb rare and will manufacture
No. 1 article of everything ifTerel. lie deems it un-
Becegnary to enumerate; butwill keep on band evejarti-
Tleusaalty obtained In Sud.lle and Uaru.sl'P.
i.iuv.iv mni rtnv
Brownville May 12.
no4G-6ni
NEW
BOOT't&:SM(0)E
first JZrutcppo$&-: Reorders OJTict,
BROWNVILLE, :: T. : ;
TITE ulcril'er would respectfully intorm the eititeus
Brownville, and vicinity, that he baa located here for
ll pu'rpoae of manufacturing Boots and Shoe, to order.
All persons in want of a superior article will do well to
ll and leave their measure
Repairing promptly and neatly done.
E. GREEN".
Brownville. July 7. 1S59. vlnl-tf
BROWNVILLE :
w add m lit
JESSE NOEL
Hnm rented the interest of Lake and nirneronin
tl.e Bro nville Steam Saw and Grist Mill, announces to
t the publio ttat be is prepared fo accumnxHlate the
i'iicnof Brownville and Nemaha County with a an
lrior quality of lumlr of all kiuds. Also with the
Grist Mill, to serve all In that line. ,
,i The market price at ulltime paid for Los ard Corn.
The nU tii.ieKx of Jfnel, Like fc Emn.erson will he
Jettied ly ITenry Lake. All future buiinf ond acted
b tteourferael. i . ' JESSE NOKL.
1 ri,wiivilJe, April 7tb,JS5?, i IT
McGai'v, Hewctt & iTlibmds,
ATTORNEYS AT LAV
AND
SOLICITORS LV CHJ.YCERY.
Erownrille. Nebraska.
Will practice in tho Courts of Xcfcraska,and North
wekt Muaouri.
RKFERENCES.
Messrs. Crow, McCreary &Co., St . Louie, Mo.
H..u. Jaraet M. Iluhs, ... Io -Hon
John 11. Sbeply, - Do
lion. JiinesCraip, t . . V-St. Joseph, Mo.
Hon. biltitoM .oJbf.n, - 1 Do
JIoii. Samuel r. Black, .. Nebraska City,NT.
S. F. Nuckolls, Esq., , . Do
Cbeever bwtctit Co., , . 'o
R. YT. 'm ias Erownvil e ....):
JBr6wn ville, X. T. Oct. C3. IS.'.S,.. , -4. ..if4al6; .
G . II. WILCOX.
T. V. . ElDOEb
WILCOX & BEDFOKD,
.... s . . . CEAXERS IV ! ' 4
LANJ) WARRANTS,
AND
eastern i: x c ii'a r CiE ,
nrownvillo, -X. HT.
Land Warrants Loaned oTint
. From C)i:e Month to ,Tr-i Yearft, ;.-.
Land Warrants I.aned to Pre-emptois; Taxes Paid;
Collections made; Ileal Estate But.cht an! Svld ; Lands
Locnted; and hate Investments made for Eastern Cap
italists. All Land Warrants sld by us are gaaranted perfect
in all respects, - "
Acres of Choice Lands,
For Sale In Nemalia ana Richard
son Counties, Nebraska.
These land were selected and loc? ted immediately
after the Land Sies. and are amongst tbe most valua
ble Lands in tbe Territory.
We will cell ihcui at luw prices, anion lon:i ti mo to
actual settlers. , , . ,
WILCOX i. BEDFORD,
Brownville, X. T., Dec. 8, liSM.
josepii l. Ror, ;
23 JZu IFL IB
t. .i
AND
HAIR DRESSER.;:
. ; ' '. Main' Street, ;.
Clocks, Watches & Jewelry.
......
j. SCIIITT
0Jl
Would anuounccto th-citizena cf Brawnville
and vicinity that be has located himself in
ffMiiit l'rnwnTiup. anuinienos Kee) uipa run assort,
uieut uf everything in his lineof busincsH. which will
besold low for cash. Hewillalsodo all kinds of re
palrincof clucks, watches Hid jewelry. All work war
ranted. v3n!8ly
CITY, LIVERY STABLE.
i j - ri ". r-1 '
WlLJlOSSELLrui i iJ !
; BROWN VTLLT3, N: T. " ! ' !
' Annourccs totlie puMio that heis prrpsred to accom
nunUtctbose wlahino with t;:irr!apes tt.d BnpiesJ to
gether with pood safe hor'. for cmn fort and l-aj-e In tra
veJling. ,!! wttialso board Uorceiby ibedjy. netk or
mcutu. .- . .
tyrrn rs favor azie.jx . .
June 10, '58. 60tf ......
ARCA'DE 1100N!
XvIVI W STREET,1 :
(Over Seigle GreecLnum's Clothing Store,)
Brownville, N T.
1 be proj.rietor would rerpcetfu'ly inform the pub
'sthc h;. opened up and established for the re
lrt it of the inner man, at the above mentioned
place, uuCre nil can beaccoiiimcKlatcd with the best
of Wines and Liqnois, and enjoy the soothing in
fluence of the best quality of Sepjars. A first class
rbel&n'd Tatcnt Combination Cushions, with nit the
mudcrin improvements, i. nlso on the premires for
the enjovment of all who delieht in this eenilernnn
y and scientific game. EVAN WORTHING.
September 22J, , r ." C T " nll-Cio
v. .
Life
CHARTER OAK
Insurance Company.
, Hartford, Conn.
. j. .'t
. r
Incorporated ly Hit Slate of Connecticut.
.; Capital Slock $200,000.
With largeand inereasirigynrpta?reccipl.sseenrc
ly invetel nnder tbe ?;mcti( n and approval of tbe
Comptroller of l'ul.Iie Accounts.' ' .
OFFIG JIllS . AND DII IECTORS :
JAMES C. WATKLEY, I'resident.
JOHN L. Ill.'XCE, Vice lVesideLt.
ELIAS CILL. Secretary.
E. D. UICrvERMAN,(Jcneral Agefit..
DIxtECTOnS:
Alfred Gill, Daniel Thill ips, JolinE.Dur.ce, '
R.liiodget, J. A.liutler, K. 1). Dickcrman
N.Wheaton, Sam. Coit. Nelson Ilollister,
James C Walkley. ,
S. B. Boresford. M I). Consulting Physician, ; .
A. S. Helladay.M D, MedieU Examiner.
Applications received by R. W. 1-TRXAS. Ag't,
nS-tf Brownville, N. 7.
CITY TRUIJK" STORE.
.'. FA5SETT Cc CROSSMAIf,'
Manufacturers of ' ' 1 1 "
Traveling Packings
VALISES, CARPET BJJGS, t'C. :
South "West corner of Fine nnduJ st's,
Saint Lonis, Mo. :
' t "'SM We are now prepared ti. fill all order
' I-jLj f in our line with protnptnesa andont:e
- "V,n uiopt reasonable terms. Ouretockls
i jfiil..?iarge and c.ouplctend all of our own
manufacturing. Thoe in want of articles In our liae,
(wholesale or retail) will do well toRivo a call "be
fore purchasing elsewhere. A share of public patron
ace i 8olioited1- nlSv3-ly
JAMES HOG AN,
AM. -
BLAXKUOOK MANUFACTURER,
Southeast cr. 2nd mid r.ociiht Si's.
ST. LOUIS, -MO.;- '
All kinds of Blank Bxk-, mafle nf t?iete?t F?per,fu.'ed
to any pattern, and sewd la the new trr.pruved patent
moV - . - -
LCTAEIES PERIODICALS. MUSIC.&c,
ootind in any slyle, and at the bweM notice. "
Havins i.een wrle1 te: rrerniFtn'at the laisitire
chanic't; Fair, be fe ci.ii'Uucnt .in iaioriat satisfaction
t all who mar eive bitl a call. , . : t
July 22d, is;?. ,lrv3at
H:OKT
1 .r.
i
n
I j Li K
D. A. C O . S T '
i:iP02TER AKD JJEALXH 15
IRON, STEEL, NAILS,
CASTLNGS, .SPRINGS, AXLES, FILES
BLACKSMITH'S TOOLS
Third Street, between Felix and Edraond,
SAINT JOSEPH, MO.
Which he sells at St. Louis pricetifjr ca?b. r
X. B. Agent for the celebrated 2Jor.rKE Flows
, , Hi ghest ,3'rice Piiid fot Scrap Iron'. : '
December 1, isSJ.-ly. . . . ;
- vK1M'EY.& HOLLY, -
ATTORNEYS !AT LAW,
?;i:KSIASIiA CITY, IV T. '
WU practice-in the Courts of this Territory. ;Collec-
lion and criminal inineaa atten-.ie.l to triruugnoui ro
brask3. Weterulowa and . Jlisionri; . Win attend the
. ;r if. .ViUWiU
Courts at lirownville. ,
c! E; S; DUNiDY, ! 'J:";:
ATTORNEY 'AT LAW,
; . AECHEU, EICUAHDK45K CO. 'V,'. T.7
WILL nraclice in lhe .several Courts ef tbe 2d Judicial
District, auu attend to all nutters connected with" the
Prufession. Wmj McLeknan, Esq., of Nebraska City,
will assist me in tbe prosecution of important Suits
Sept. to; '67-ll-tf - -j -
GEORGE EDWARDS, ,
OFFICE Main St, East of Kinney 4' Holli'i ojice,
' IJebTaskaUity.XJ.T. -
' Persons who contemplate br.ildlng can be fnrnished
with Designs,Plana.SpcciBcatins,tc.; for huildinsoi
any class or variety of style, and the erection of the
same superintended if d44red. Prompt attention paid
to busiuessfrom a distance. '
, r ; FRANKLIN
TYPE & STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY
i Ifo. leSVire St., bet. Fourth ana Fiftn.
Cincinnati, 0.
C. F. O'BUISCOI.1, &. CO
A Tanufacturei and dealers i a New?, Book and Job
ifL Type. Printing Presses, Case?, Gallies. Ac.. &c.
Ink?.- aiKl: I'rinlincr Hatria of ErerrDcscription,
STEREOTVPIXO of allkind-Book.Masio.
PatentMQakincPirectionsrobs.Wc.odEBgrevicg?.
Brand and Pattern Letters, various styles
saintvjoseph, ;
FBHAliE !:COt!iEGE,!
, ST.: JOSEPH,-MO.
WILLIAM CAMEEOIT, A. M., Principal.
Completely organized as a first class Female Boarding
and Iay School. Number limited to 125 including 25
boarders. Scholastic year commencing first Monday In
September. For Catalogues, with full particulars, ad
dress the Principal.
August Jth, ISolt. v4u4tf
A. W: ELLIOTT,
'B'e-T'y'
Cor.' Broadway and Wasli Si rect.
1 , ' SX-'LOUISMISSOURI, .
tlaving purcfiafed the eiitire xaisery slock of John
Siirgerson &. Bro., f em prepaxcl to tfler to Ue public
tbe larpc.-l a:id bet selected stock of Fruit Shade, and
Ornamental taees, .hrub wd-plants ever i.nered fur
sale in the West, .tre determined to.ff!T '-siuh in
ducement to tree planters and the trade as will ensure
the most entire e-aijsfacti..n. Descriptive catalogues will
be furnished, aud aa v Information given, by addressing,
A. Wt ELLIOTT,
- ' " . ' Saint Louis, Mo.
November 35, '.53,-Iy. ! . '
Pioneer IlooIibicsIeiT
BOOK
AKD
ILi I
' - Manufactory.
council bluffs; iowA. :.
1 VILLIA2.1 F. EITER, J .i
ould respectfully inform the citizens in Western
Iowa and Nebraska that he has opened'a ErsV class
Cinderyr and the onlyono ever established in this
section of country. I aai now prepared to doall kinds
of work pcrtajning to the business. - , .
Iliirper i.'Urnbhttt's, (JodeyV, Petersons, Arthur's
BalLou'a, Frank Leslie's, Knickbocker, Wa-
! vcrly, Hunt's, and Putnam's Magazines. ,
- ' NcwTrk Ledger, Ballou's Picto-'
. rial. Harper Weekly Soien- '
, , tifio '.American, A'ankeo ,
r "' Motions, Musical Keview, Lea-. .
' lie's Illnstrated, Ladies Tiepo?it6ry,f 1 .
Ladies 'Wmithj- AtUn tic MoBtbly, " '1
' Music, Law,. Books,. nd Newspapers, cr;.
;. biVoks of any kind, uldornew, "bound orr bound,
in tbe most approved styles, on short notice and low
prices. ' Old family Bibles rebound so as to look and
wear equal to new. . . . , .
: August 24, 1Sj9. ... i .&7-ly ,
UR01TT & CLLMOX,
PRODUCE DEALERS,
Forwarding :& Commission
i MERCHANTS,
No. 78, 'North Levee, St. Louis, Mo.'
Orders for Groceries and Manufactured Articles accu
rately filled at lowest possible rates. Consignment for
sale and re-hipment Tespectully solicited. Shipments
of all kinds will be faithfully attended to. '
Eeferrences :
Messrs. G n Ilea &. Co ' St. Louis
B irtlett. McComb &Co do -
Gilbert, Miles & Stannard do
n n. W mJa.Tintn, AudiU-r State of Missouri
J Q Harmon; Kfq, Cairo City, 111.
MtrsJIolony, Bro's &Co' New Orleans, Louisiana
J P Jackson, Esq., .. ,t T do fo ','
Mesrs HiDlle.Gnlld&Co,- Cine'mSU.p
i uauroiar vo ( i
Bramiel I & Crawford1
WoodrnfrilidntlngtOn,
II. W.linsjs, Ef.y-r '
.y ii, 1003 ij-oni ., - r i
'do
Lcuisviiie. Ky.
. iloMie, Ala.J
Beardstown,l)lN
I
Land Asrcnt and Notary Publtcl
: Ru:o,.Rkfiardson Co., X.-T. . !
Willpraeliee in the. Courts of sslstcdNebraska,a
Xtl.trding and Eennett,!ebraska City."
. ISHAMHEilViS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
AND
REAL ESTATE AGENT,
Falls f'ity, Eichardson County, Nebraska
Wi J e pro-npt attenti. n to all professional busi
ness intrusted t; his cre. in Richardson -atjd. a.ljoiniog
counties; als to the drawing of deed, pre-euntiJn p"a
pcrs k-c.e c. -, May 13. '58 M8-6m
; HEBfJE.: FEITCL1TG. :. "
Th e!iners!?r.el harinR had consi3erab!p- experi nre
in plant ir.tf tin! cultivatlnir Osage OranVe Kedpes, here
by inrranho paMic that thev are nowj.repared to con
tract eilherplautin?, seitir.)7 tbem ovt, or growir cl
cultivaliri? the fence- complete. Growinj; edces of
their ptaniir.s. can bq seen on rise farms ol W .Kn
nedy, G. Crew, J. Siteen and others in this count v .
. -.' -D.:C.'& X. XV.ANDERS. -'
Srft.2, ItHJ - x
.;!-;-;.' 'a si.-u:.'.' or ' ";: ' f
- n OK ; . 1.1. r Sr R E E VIS s ,
' (or OTOE cocxtr.) 1
The bill to prohibit slavery in Nebras
ka, having been returned by the Gover
nor, the question before the Council being
'Shall the bill pass, the Governor's veto
to the ' contrary notwithstanding," Mr.
Reeves arose in his placef and said:
JMr.'Phesidext: r . .'!:,..,
: It is" due to ourselves' as well as to1 the
executive branch cf the f.rremfpeiit, that
we should review the .'positions assumed
by the Governor, in his veto; message ac
companying the return of this bill .to; : the
Cohncil. " Agreeing as I do. in the i;aain
! with his -Excellerrcy upon political "sub
.jects, J regret'the necessity which 'com
pels me to dissent: from the doctrines and
views which he has laid down in his mes
sage vetoing the bill to prohibit slavery in
Nebraska'' ";J V "'. ;
i -I also regret that duty.'and "asense'.of
justice , constrain me to dissent from the
opinion of His Excellency the President
of the ' United States, : expressed in hi?
annual message to Congress that "neither
Congres, the Territorial' Legislature, nor
any human power can legislate slavery
out of the Territories.
..It is clear to my mind that, the power
exists to legislate upon tbis.subject ; and
the only important question is, where is
the power reposed ? ;
It is now. generally conceded, at least
by the great Democratic party, that the
power does, not exist in Congress. Bu
if Congress ever did possess the power it
"vvas delegated without reserve to thepeo
pie of the Territories in the ' provision'
contained in the .fourteenth section of
the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which : declar
ed it to be ."Thelrue, intent and meanine
of 'this act -not to legislate slavery into
any territory-1 or State, or to exclude ii
therefrom,' but to' leave' the people there';
cf perfectly free to regulate their own do :
mestic institutions in their own wajv'
It would seem, then, to be well fcettl .d
that Congress does not possess the right
or power to legislate upon this subject ir.
this Territory; because if it ever posses
sed the right, that right has been dele
ted to us.
An additional argument in favor of thf
right and power of the Territories to leg
islate upon this subject is to be found ir;
the 6th section of the Kansas-Nebraska
Act, 'th'at the Legislative authority o'
the Territory shall extend to all rightful
subjects of legislation ; excepting cer
tain specific subjects; but the riht t.
legislate upon the subject of slavery is noi
thus excepted. ' ' ;,i ' 1
It maVi however, be' objected thai sla
very is not a - rightful subject of legisla
tion. If, this be so, I would inquire why
then was the power delegated or recog
nized by Congress in the provision thai
the people shall be left perfectly free t
?gulate their domestic institutions in
their own way?" Slavery is just a?
clearly a domestic institution, as the re
lation of husband and wife, or guardian
and ward ; and in truth it seems to mc
that the provision was inserted with spe
cial and particular reference to the in
stitution of slavery, as appears from thi.
provision at the enu of the. section, thai
it was not intended to ''revive any law or
regulation" upon" that subject.'- ' Th?
opinion advanced in the message that the
power was granted not to thei "Legisla
ture," but to the "people:' of the Terri
tories does not seem to have 'very much
force. '. ' .. '' ' ;" '' ;'-' ' ' C;. : k '-
The power conferred" upon ;the people
wasr to regulate. . , The only . legal; and le
gitimate mode of ''regulating" such, ','in-
stitutions is by legislation ; and hence it
follows that the people; regulate their do:
mestic institutions through "their legisla
ture;. .. . .j-.-..; ' v : '
Surely it will not be contended that the
people in their own proper persons must
regulate the relations of husband and
wife, master and apprenticed or other kin
dred subjects; yet if such i3 the "intert
and meaning" of the Act in reference to
the subject of slavery its is unquestiona
bly so in reference to all other "domestic
instutions." '-'-"
Another opinion advanced is that the
people cannot ; regulate f this, institution
until they have called a Convention to
form a State Constitution. ; ,. -
To this argument it is sufficient to an
swer that when the people are assembled,
through their Delegates in Convention to
form a Constitution they are acting in a
State ,capacity,-Tand.' as; such possess an
inherent right to legislateupon that sub
ject, not, delegated, prderivedrom. .any
earthly xp6 we r; a right which',' id psf th e
langua'ge'oY 'theTr'esidentr"neitrrerCoii
gress, norihe Territorial Legislature, or
any .other human power' 'can give to or
take' away from them. . , :. :-ui
The power to legislate on the subject of
slavery .was delegatcd;to;ihe people cf a
Territoryr not to the, people cf a Slate
for the obvious reason that . the people of
a State already possessed it.
If it was the "true intent and mean
ing" of the Kansas-Nebraska Act to con
fer the right to regulate the institution of
slavery on the people in the capacity of a
Constitutional convention, its passage was
simply an absurd work' of super: e. "roga
tion, because Congress never. posssessd
the right ".to 'confer or withhold any 'such
powers. ? 3 1 . . . . . .r
... Miv President, I -have thus far treated
this subject of legislating on slavery as a
delegated power,' but I do not wish to be
understood as endorsing that view of the
subject. I believe sir, that the people
have the right through their Representa
tive's on the floor of this Capitol to legis
late cpon' this subject; a right derived,
not from Congress, nor from our Organic
Law; not from - the decisions ;cf courts ;
but from the God of Nature, who has
conferred upon them an inherent right to
frame laws - for their own government,
happiness and protection.
. An elaborate, attempt is made in the
message under consideration, to dispel the
absurdity bf 'converting the ,Ccnstitution
the United States into a : pac,fc Jicpe, to be
nsed for the purpose of introducing slave
ry into the .Territories j bui the'ingenidus
sophistry used Las -ouly.iiucceeded j-ih
changing it from a packhcrseto a. sort of
underground railroad, by means of which
intome'tindenable'-'rftannUr1 'slavery, is
ititroduQed: into- the rTerri lories,' but by
.vhich they, can never escape. . j - '; !-
Mr. President, thi3 position needs but
; passing notice." The provisions of the
Constitution are as obligatory upon the
citizens 'of- a state as upon (hose of a ter
ritory, and" if the Constitution carries ai;d
protects slavery, in a Territory, I would
inquire how can the. people divest them
selves of their obligations, to the Consti
tution of the United States by the forma
tion of a State Government? "'
It. would seem that if - they can thus
throw off their obligations, to the Consti
tution relative to the subject .of slavery,
they may do so relative. to any other sub
ject, and the anomaly might be introduc
ed of a State in the Union which' owed
only partial allegiance to the Constitution.
The fair and legitimate conclusion seems
o be that ,the Constitution does not carry
Javery into the Territories, nor yet pro
tect it when " it is there'except by the
provisions ;of the ; Fugitive- Slave' 'act,
.vhich applies alike to! States and Terri
tories; .but that - like all. pther pproperty
it';is subject to the Jocal law. of. the yTcr-.
Hir.-"'1',": ;:7
- Another-'argument 'which I wish tq rip-'
:ice is that-slavery is' held and - protected
bere by . the treaty for vthe-purchase of
Louisiana. . That . treaty embraced the
States of Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri,
fowa and Minnesota, and the Territories
of. Kansas, Nebraska, and Dakota.
At the time of the purchase, the pop
ulation was confined to a few points on
the Mississippi river between St. Louis
md New Orleans. The stipulation in
the treaty was that the inhabitants should
be protected in their "liberty, property,
and religion.", : -
- Thit stipulation has long lince been
fulhlled'to the letter, by the admission of
the States, of Louisiana. Arkansas, and
.Missouri, which embraced the whole of
the original population; -J "' ' " M "'
If the treaty protects slavery in Ne
braska, it protects it as well in-Iowa and
Minnesota as well- in a State as ia $
Territory, for 'how can"a' State annul a
treaty by the United States?
If it is an infraction of the treaty to
exclude slavery from Nebraska, now, it
will be equally an infraction to exclude
it when we form a State Government, be
:ause slaves are property as well in a
State as in a Territory.
Hence it follows, that if slavery is pro
tected here by the treaty now, it will not
cease to protect it during our transition
from a Territorial to a State government,
and consequently is fastened upon irs for
ever, 'But supposing it to have been the
original 'iintent" of the treaty (which
I do riot admit) that slavery should be
protected throughout the. Territory ceded,
that intent was "set aside and repealed by
the Act of 1820, known as the Missouri
Compromise. Act;-. It is true that the Act
of 1S20 was repealed by the passage of
the Kansas-Nebraska( Act in 1S54; but
with the express prevision contained in
the last clause of. the 14th Section of the
Act ."That nothing herein contained shall
be construed to revive or put ia force any
law or regulation which may have existed
prior to the Act cf r the 6th March, 1820,
either protecting, establishing prohibit
ing, or abolishing slavery." The opera
tion of that proviso was to leave the Ter
ritories of Kansas and Nebraska a per
fect carte, blanche, -upon which the peo
ple might write their laws for the regula
tion of "their domestic institutions in their
own way." - ' ' :
It is a fact generally! lost sight of, by
those who ccn'.end that the treaty for the
purchase of Louisiana protects slavery in
Nebraska, that the sdme Act which re
pealed the Missouri Compromise Act of
1820, just a3' effectually repealed the
stipulations of. the treaty upon the same
subject, if: indeed . they. were, ever.. appli
cable in this Territory, . . j , . . . . ; ,
It is argued' that. the. Territories are
tho common'property of the:Stat'es of the
whole Union," and thaf,lh'erefore, we. have L
no autnoruy or r ignt u- exeiciue ' slavery,
because slaves are ; property. ly the. laws
of some of ihe States. As .well might
it be argued that the Legislature cannot
legislate "to"', exclude intoxicating liquors
or gambling apparatus, because they are
recognized as property by the laws of
some of the States. The inevitable con
clusion it seem3 to me must be, that at
the first settlement and organization cf
a Territory, emigrants from all the States
and from foreign lands can go there, and
carry with them their property of all kinds;
but when there, and legally organized,
they and their property mnst be subject
to-the local law, enacted bya'majority of
the people through' 'their legally" chosen
Representatives.,: rj ; fi vi. p :
- The Territory cf Kansas in the exer
ercise of he"f legiilatiTei powers,' shortly
Lafter her . organization, -established; and
protected slavery Within her borders; but
at a subsequent period the legislature
abolished slavery ; thus shewing that the
Legislature cf that Territory claim the
right a3 well as we, to legislate upon the
subject. .
It is matter of regret that the Execu
tive has felt it to be his duty to withheld
his signature from this bill, thus interpos
ing to prevent the passage cf a law, de
manded by a large majority cf the peo
ple.' His views, as I understand them,
are not in accordance with the views of
those Who framed and passed the Kan-sns-Nebraska
Act" by which we' are gov
erned, as may be shown by' reference to
the debates in Congres? during the ses
sion of 1553 1. ' In tha House of Repre
sentatives," Feb.: 17thT. 19-51, Hon.; A. S.
Stephens of.'Georgia said : ; ;
.."The .whole question of slavery or no
slavery was to be left to the people of the
Territories whether North or South of
36 CO min., or any other line."
The question was to be taken out cf
Congress where it had been improperly
thrust from the beginning, and to be left
to the people concerned in the matter to
decide for themselves. He continues:
"We now call upon this House and the
country to carry: out .in good faith, and
give effect to the spirit and intent of those
important measures of Territorial legis-
expressed in his letter of accepiancs . wes
that the "people cf a Tt iriiory, like the
people of a Stato could Iegislat
tion.
Again on the 17th of Jan 1S-56, Mr.
Stephens said:' ' .
; "I shall never negative any law they
may pass, if it is the result of fair legis
lation expressive of the popular will. I
am willing that the Territorial L'gis'a
ture may act upon the subject when and
how, they may think proper." ;
Hon. George E- Badger of North
Carolina, .in a .speech delivered 'in the
United States SenatG on tbe -"loth day of
Feb; 1834, said :a : j-j. - i .. '
. "The clause as it 'stands -is ample. : It
submits the; whole authority' to the jerri
tory.,!v.;'. I - ' ''" ''-","
If the people, of the Territories choose. to
exclude slavery! so ; far from considering
it a wrong done tome cr my constituents
I shall not complain of it. It is their busi
ness
. Again, on the 2d of March, 1531, Mr.
Badger said :
"But with regard to that question we
have agreed some of us because we
thought it the only right mode, and some
because we think it a right mode, and
under existing circumstances the prefera
ble mode to confer this power upon the
people of the Territories." "
' , Mr." Butler, of South Carolina, in the
U; S. ; Senate on : the .2 J of March, 1S34,
said: - . , .1 ,
"Now I believe that under the provis
ions of this (Kansas-Nebraska ) bill, and
of the Utah and NewfMcxico bills ; there
will be a perfect - carte blanche given to
the Territorial i Legislatures to Iegi-late
as they may think proper."
Mr. Toombs of Georgia said in the
Senate Feb. 29, 1256:
"We intend that the actual bona fide
settlers of Kansas shall be protected in
the full exercise of all their rights of
freemen;. that unaided and uncontrolled
they shall freely and of their own will,
legislate for themselves to every extent
allowed by the Constitution while they
have a Territorial Government."
Hon. George W Jones of Tennessee,
in the House . of Representatives, Dec.
25, 1S35 referring 16 this subject said':
- " "Then, bir, you may call it . by what
name you please ..' "1 . .
It .is, , sir, , . the ' power of ' the people- to
govern themselves, and they, and they
alone,' shall exercise it, in my opinion, as
well while in a Territorial condition as in
the position of a State. ' : '
I believe that the great principlethe
right of the people in the. Territories as
well as in the States, to form. and regu
late their domestic institutions in their
own way, is clearly and unequivocally
embodied in the Kansas Nebraska Act,
and if it is not, it ' should .'have 'been.-
Believing that it was the living vital prin
cipal of the Act, I voted forit." .
Hon. Howell Cobb, secretary of the
Treasury, in a speech at West Chester,
Pennsylvania, on the 19th day of Sep
tember, 1S36, used the: following lan-
t;pcn
the subject of sLvery. It teems,, too.
that his Excellency once held cpimcns ca
this subject altogether at vanancs ith
the views expressed in his Message. At
the Pennsylvania Slate Cci.ver.tica in
1S-j6, the Govercor, ia speech n. ad be
fore the Convention said :
"I say, that the great question cf slav
ery is now to be met, because the isue
is a national one, and whenever it comes
the Democratic Party is not afra'.d to
meet it. 7 And en v. hat grounds will ibey
meet' it? On tho grcunda cf P.;ular
Sovereignty ia the Territories as we'l a
in the States. !
If they choose to prchibit slavery thy
can do it. If they choose U tolerate ard
establish it, they can do it."
Mr. President; I lave adverted to
these reminiscences v.iih a feeling hear
akin to sorrow, because, if the principles
and policy shadowed forih ia this n
sacre
are to prevail, if the right cf
the Territorial Legislature does not ex
ist, the boasted popular sovereignty cf
tho Kansas-Nebraka Act ia a chea
: and
delusion, and the downfall cf the glorious
old National Democratic party will date
from this new interpretation of its jrinci
pies, and from this attempted Usurpation'
of the people's rights. '
The right cf the Territorial Legisla
tures to enact laws upon the subject cf
slavery must be vindicated and establish
ed ; the usages and principles cf the par-,
ty must be maintained in their primitive
simplicity, or the party; like izc cn.-e
powerful, but now extinct, - Wbig party,
will become scctionalizcd and- powrIe.cs
for good.: ' : ' " ' '..' ' " :
. .Mr. President: my cxcu:c for thus
trepassing.vpoti die time cf the Courrjil is
simply this: I am wedd: 1 to the princi
ples cf the. Democratic r irty, and cannoS
silently acquiesce, in thus seeing it priced
in-a'falso position before the country; a
position which I regard as being alike
untenable; and unjust to the people cf
the Territories. '
rrun crp
I would not plant slavery on any por
tion of God's earth, against the will of
the people. The Government of the
United States should not force Slavery on
the people of either the Territriesor the
States, against the will of the people.
.1 i
The" majority bf the people by the action
oi the-'ierntoriai ipgisiature win oeciae
the question ; and.ali must -abide the de
cision when made.".. . ' r ,'; .- ..
Such," Mr. President, were the views
entertained at, and subsequent to.thepas-'
sage of the Act,1 even by southern mem
bers of Congress; 'and I in ight continue
to read extracts from the debfites in Con
gress during the 1st session of the thirty
third Congress, till the hour fixed for the
final adjournment; showing conclusively
that the right of the territorial Legisla
ture to enact laws on the subject of sla
very was almost universally conceded by
the friends of the Kansas Nebraska
Act.
The views of the Executive appear to
be at varience, too with the unmistaka
ble sentiment cf the Democratic party cf
the Northern and Western portions of the
Union, end are incompatible withtheprin
ciples of the .Democratic party of this
Territory, as enunciated in the Platform
adopted at Plattsmoth during the past
summer ''"'
Neither does his views coincide with
those held by President Buchacon at the
time of his nomination. His opinion, as
The fact that the ladic3of Turkey bars;
o! late indulged themselves in wearing'
very thin veils and dresses, which allow'
their persons to be een to mcch, has'
e'.icited an imperial edit t, of which the"
following are the essential features;
..'.'Henceforth, all womenwhoever they,
may be,' on' having their houses; ('if;Ut '
wear thick'-veils which' completely cover.
their features, and be clad in dresses. of
cloth or other suitable material, without,
embroidery, trimmings or external orna- t
mer.ts of any kind. They must not show
themselves out of doers simply in stock-.,
ings and slippers, but must wear half- ,
boots in yellow morrocco Lather, cr some
other suitable and decent coverings for ,
the feet. When they go cut to make
purchases, they are strictly prohibited . '
from entering shops, but must stop cn
the outside to be served, and must not re
main longer than is absolutely necessary. ,
When they are on the pul lie promenades
they must confine themselves to the' part ,
reserved for females. Any woman who
i.ball be guilty of acts against the law,".; .
will be severely punished. No family .
shall keep equipages beyond their means, ',
and the drivers must be most carefully
selected. ' The men must also conform to
ihe laws of propriety, particularly in tho '
streets, or they will subject themselves to
severe punishment."
' . " "
A French Witness hi a New York '
Court.
At a trial in a Vermont Court, several
years ago, a French lady had been sub-
poenel as a witness, and was called upoa
to give her testimony. She was a atran- '
ger in the place, and ih; Court felt itself.
bound to address her in her native tcngrre.
But the Court's education ' ia the parlea ' .
vous line had been sadiy neglected, and I
how to administer the oath in an ir.telli--gent
form to the silent lady before him . .
was a puzzling question. What was to
be done? -The Judge called upon sever
eral of the lawyers near him. but they
all avowed their ignorance cf tho lan '
rruage then so supposedly necessary.
Finally the Counsel for the defendant, a.
clever Yankee, feeling himself equal to-'
the occasion, volunteered to extneat the .
Court from its embarrassment. Hti ac-
cordingly addressed the lady witness ia;
these terms : ; '
"Vou3 jurez zat wat you here testify; '
shall be ze true, zi whole truse, and nos
sing but ze truie, so -.help you Mon!
Dieu.'! .
The lady looked for a moment at the? '
manufacturer of this hybrid sentence in i "
silent astonishment, then turning- to the ;
Court, .said 'in perfectly good English, , j
though with oiight foreign accent: . '
"What dees the gentleman jay?'"" '
The effect was electrical. S:xh a .
laugh went up to the roof cf that court
room that the counsel for defendant haj; :
not heard the last of it till this day. . .
An avaricious fellow in Brus:-eils goye'" ''
, i- . . .1' 'T.-.'-.t.:
a large umner recenuy. jusi as me "
quests sat down a piercing i-hriel; wai ". '
heard in the court-yard. ' The host hur-?';. .
ried out and returned pale, afi righted and" -
his hands covered with blood.' "What
i3it?".vas the inquiry. "Alas!" he
said,."a poor workman, father cf a largo
family, has met with a terrible accident.
He 'was knocked down by a cart and
grieviously wounded. Let us aid him."
A collection wa3 taken up and the guests
contributed 1,200 francs. Generous souls!- .
Itwa3 the miser's ruse to make theia pay
for the dinner.