Nebraska Newspapers

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imOlYXYIMJE, X. T.
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VOL. IV.
BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 29, 1859.
NO. 25.
I r. t M'mnv. O. 1. HEWITT, a., w
Business cards
! ' TL C. JOHNSON,
Uttokney at law
SOLICITOR IN CHANCERY
AND
Ileal Instate Agent,
CUOWNVILLE, N. T.
BEKEBSCES.
TTon.Win.Jeasup, Montrose, Pa.
H.S.BeDtly,
John 0. Miller, Chicago, 111.
Wo,. K. McAllister," " ;
CbarlcF. Fooler, - " "
v W Farna5,Browaviile, . I .
O. F.
n MATHIETT
Cabinet & Wagon-IIaker
; wain Street.bet. Sixth and Seventh.
i iiiiowxviL.L.1:, .T:
ntkin.Uuf cabinet wotknctly executed.
iriy? ..n'Mow.. etc, proptlydone.
IJTb. WESTON,
! ATTORtlEY AT LAY,
Brownville, Kebraska.
i XTOZceou Main Street, one door above the Post
Ofiu-e. ... . . ,cr-
, Br trnvilie, urcerm'rr
C. W. WHEELER,
Architect and Builder.
" mrsTlaryIiewett
MILUUER AHD DRESS MAKER.
lilE l Street, one door above Carsons Bank.
lUlOWNVlLLL rs. 1., ,
Bonnet and Trimmings alvayson hand.
) jamesTyvTgibson,
'BLACKSMITH
THOMAS.
McGury, Hewctt & Thomas,
ATTORNEYS AI LilW
SOLICITORS LY CHAXCERY.
Brownville, Nebraska.
trill oractice In the Court of Netrski,nd Xorth
wet iIiouri.
IlEFEuEMJto .
Mesfr. Crow. McCreary &.Co., St. l-ouli, Mo.
IIou. James il. Uughs,
Hon Juliii R. Sheply,
Iln. Jaiiie Craic,
Hou. Silas Woodsc-n,
Hon. Samuel V. Black,
8. F. XuckollK, E?q.f
Cheever Sm cet i- Co. ,
R. W. Furnas
Do
Do
St.J ?pU,ifo.
Do
Kebr5ta Clty,X.T.
Io
to
i.
LE
A.' CONST AO
IMPOaTEB AND DEALER I!
IRON, STEEL, NAILS,
CASTINGS, SPRINGS, AXLES, FILES
23 23 Xj 2j O W E ,
B L ACKSMITirS TOOLS
Third Street, between Felix and Edraond,
SAINT JOSEPH , MO.
tvhich he sells at St. LouU prices for cash..
X. B. Agent for the celebrated MoiisE PLOW8.
Highest Price I'aid for Scrap Iron.
December 1, lt53.-ly. ;
Miscellaneons. ,
Browuvillc, X. T. Oct. 23, 1868.
T4ul6
II. WILCOX.
T. yr. JiEUOKL
j JOHN. F. KINNEY.
KINNEY &
WILCOX & BEDFORD,
DEALERS II
LAND WARRANTS,
AND
EASTERN EXCHANGE,
Drownvillo, f27-
Land Warrants Loaned on Time
From One Month to Ten Years,
Land Warrant. Loaned to Pre-emptort ; Taxes Paid ;
Collections made; Real Estate Boucht and hold , Lands
Located; and sale Investment made for Eastern Lap-
U AM Land VTarrant j euld hy n arc goaranted perfect
in all respects,
o?oo
Acres of Choice Lands,
For Sale In Nemaha ami Richard
son Counties, Nebraska.
These lands were .elected and located Immediately
after the Land Saiea, and aro amongst the most valua
hie Lands! in the Territory.
We will sell them at low prices, and on long ttme to
actual settlers.
WILCOX & BEDFORD,
Brownville, X. T.,Pec. 8, 1659.
CH AS. F. HOLLT.
holly-
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
Will practice in the Courts of this Territory. Collec
tion and criminal business attended to throu?hout Ne
braska, Western Iowa and Missouri. Will attend the
Courts At Brownville. v2n33-bm
E. S. DUNDY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ARCHER, RICIIABDROK CO. N. T.
WILL practice in the several Courts of the id Judicial
District, and attend to all matters connected with the
Profession. Wm. KcLensaw, .Esq., of Nebraska City,
will assist me in tho prosecution oi linporiauiouiva.
Sept. io, '07-i i-i i
T. II. TALliOTT,
DENTAL SURGEON,
naTing located himself in Brownville, X. T., ten
! den. hi. Professional devices to tbccomruunity.
AH job warranted.
"drTTx gwin,
l Havinc: permanently located in
'BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA,
1 For the praetiee of Medicine and Furpcry, ten-
4rs his professional services to the aClicted.
: Office on Main Street. noM
' A. S. 110 L LAD AY, M D.
ltpsrectfnilr informs his friend, in Brownville and
mediate vicin.ty that he has resumed the pract.ee of
; Medicine, Surgery, & Obstetrics,
and hopesby strict attention to in,r",,ess';tnhr;eiT
that rencrou. patronape heretofore exte fjl J"
.11 rae. where it is possiMeor expedieiit, prescription
tine.willledone. Office at Uiy Urugbtore.
Keb.S4, '69. 35. ly
8V STATE ACTHOFITY.
INCREASE. OF CASH CAPITAL
i Thocnlx Insurance Company,
Ilurtturd, Connecticut.
S DEVOTED TO
i FIRE INSURANCE EXCLUSIVELY
Charter Perpetual.
Cash Capital, 400,000 00 Dollars.
Casli Assetts, 54T,T12 3T
S. II. LOOMIS, TresMent.
II iliLLOGU, Secretary.
Branch Office, 31 33 3d St. Cincinnati.
.to. MAGILL General Agent.
Arer.'J ;n the principal Cities and towns in the
i I'ui.-a. les promptly iid. Applications recci v
s m4 colicics issued und renewed.
f ,0. B. IIEWETT Agent,
! At Brownville, N. T.
i Prownrrie, Nov. 17 1859.-ly
GEORGE EDWARDS,
AROniTEOT.
OFFICE Main St, East of Kinney tr Holly' office.
Nebraska uuy, J3. -a,
Pprsnnswho confeniDlate building can be furnished
withDesigiia,Planf.,SpeciacaUons)&.c., for buildingsoi
anrclass or variety of style, and the erection oi ine
same superintend : uesirca. rrompi n.-unv.. f
to husinesufroni a distance. ' 6211
JOSEPH L. ROY,
S -L 'JEL IB
AND
HAIR DRESSER.
Main Street,
CROT5XVIEEE, IV. T.
FRANKLIN
TYPE & STEREOTYPE FOUSiDRY
No.l63Vine st.,cet. ourTnanax
Cincinnati, 0.
C. F. O-DRISCOEE & CO
ManufactnrcrF and dealersin INews.lJooKana joo
t PrinfinT Prpa. Cases. Gillies. Ac., ic.
nks, and Trintir jc Material of tvery ueacripuon,
nrr,ir'OTViTTwr2 tit nil kind Books. Music.
PatcntMcdicineDirectioDS.Johs.WoodEngrevings,
Brand'and Pattern Letters, various styles,
Clocks, Watches & Jewelry.
J. SCHITTZ
Would anuouncetothecitizen of Brawnville
. I, a l.m lrwutrd himself in
uu llLiuu; "t. -
At iti,mniio amiintenrls teeninc a full assort.
Uient of everything in his lineof business, which Will
be sold low for caf h. He will also do all kinds of re
pairinc of clock.-, watches tnd jewelry. A 11 work war
ranted. Y3niaiy
CITY LIVERY STABLE,
WM. ROSSELL,
BHOWKVILLE, N. T.
Announces to the public that he is prepared to accom
modate those wishinp w ith Carrlapes and SuCKies; to
gether with good safe horses, for comfort and ease in tra
velling. He wlllalso board horses by Iheday, week or
month. .
tyTERMS FAVORAELE.Jti
June 10, '68. ttJtf
LIGHT LITIMTIEi
NEWSPAPERS,
AND
IP erio c3.io flo,
Of every description, for sale at
BCHIITZ & DEUSER'S
LITERARY DEPOT:
South-east corner Main and Second,
BROWlVUoIiE, N. T.
Sept, 223. 1859. .
f-ntll
sum 111 inis
MANUFACTORY!
JOHN W. MIDDLET0N,
' ORomriLLC, sf. t.
rsr ' tti-t i?iT- inrnrmi fhi tinlilic that ho has
l.Kated himself In this City, and is prepared
to serve thoe in want of anything in his line,
liehis selected his stock rith care and will manufacture
Xo l .rtirio Af vrvth'.nff offered. He deems it un-
npssary toenumerate; but will keep on hand eveyarti-
' usu'.ly obtained In Saddle and Harness shops.
JOHN W. AlIDDLETON.
. - 'IIIC AM .
N E W
boot & hoe
First Street opposite Recorder's Office,
BROWNVILLE, N. T.
ARCADE SALOON
MAIK STREET,
(Over Scigle & Greenbaum's Clothing Store,)
TSrnmrcrllle. N T.
The proprietor would rerpeetfully inform the pub
vt hr h.wnnrnr.l unand established fr the rc-
. . 1 i .i i MHn:..nn4
tr "it ot the inner man, at. me jntui o ujriiiinuuu
place. wuv?e nil can beaccoramottiirtti wun ine nesi
r u';ng unit 1 .1 mm; . and cniovthe Poothirz in-
the best oualitr of Secnr. A first class
I'helan's l'atent Combination Cushions, with all the
moderm improvements U also on the premises for
the enjoyment of all who delight in this frentlerann-
E AN WORTHING.
,
CHARTER OAK
m
Life Insurance Company,
Hartford, Conn.
Incorporated ly the State of Connecticut
lanital Stock $200,000.
.1 in.riasina'surTlnFreceivtf',securc-
. .
ly invested nndor the sanction ana approve oi iu
Comptroller of 1'ubiic Accounis.
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
JAMES C. WALKLEY, Tresident.
JOHN L. I5USCE, Vice President.
ELI AS G I LU Secretary.
E. D. DICKERMAN, General Agent.
Alfred Gill,
U. IU.get,
N.Whcaton,
DIxlECTOES :
lnm-pl Phillips. JohnL.Bunce,
J. A.Butler, E. D. Dickerman
Sam. Coit, Nelson Hollister,
James C. Walklcy.
S.B.Beresford.M I), Consulting Physician.
A. S. IIolladay.M D, Medical Examiner.
A t A a fir.no rff i YHil h v R. Y. FCRNA S. Ae't.
q ! Brownville, .T.
" THE snbsoriber wonld respectf ally Inform the citizens
. .. . . . j i
"i orownvt'.ip, and vicinity, inai ee pas iwncu ueieoi
T V m . . . - Ii ... .1 CUA m a nrAnr
persons In wantof a superior article win ao wen w
" and leave their measure
Repairinc promptly and neatlydone.
E. GREEK.
Brownville, july7. IMfl. vtnl-tf
BROWNVILLE
it n il' i( liii nil
JESSE 0EL
Having rented the interest of Iike and Ktnmerson in
Brownville Steara Saw and Grist Milt, announce, to
"'Uiepublie that he I. prepared fo accommodate the
Alliens of Brownville and Nemaha County with a su
fiorqnahty of lumber of all kinds. Also with the
Qrl Hill, tatterve all In that line.
The market price at all times paid for Log. and Corn.
lieoid businens of Noel, Lake it Emmerson will be
tUd by Henry Ike. All future business conducted
T tti ndernigned. JESSK NOEL.
rowaviiie, .prilTth, 155$. ly
! TV
m
CITY TRUNK STOEE.
FAESETT Ci CROSSJ.IAIT,
Ilaaufftcturers of
Traveling 3 Packing
v.. 1 USES. CARPET BAGS, ZiC.
South West corner of Pine and 3d st's,
Saint Louis, Mo.
, . re are now prepared to fill all orders
1 1 1 Til in onr line w ith promptness andc-nthe
I riTTll the most reasonable terms. Onrstockis
ill Jlirr and complete and nil of ovr n
manufactnrinft. Those in want of art iclt s in onr linn,
(wholesale or retail) will dowell to five ns a call be
fore purvbainff elsewhere. A share of public patron-
apeis solicited. , mow-.j
SAINT JOSEPH
FEMALE COLLEGE
ST. JOSEPH,
.MO.
5
WILLIAM CAIIEHON, A. M., Principal.
ConiDle'elvoriratiized as a Orst classFemale Boarding
and Day School. Number limited to 126, including 25
boarders. Scholastic year commencing nrsi oiunuay iu
September. For Catalogues, with full particulars, ad
dress the Principal.
August 4th, 1SS9.
A. W. ELLIOTT,
SEEDDEPOT,
Cor. IlroadtTay anil Wcisli Street.
ST. LOUIS, Mifcfcuum.
tt..: pntirfi Kursrr stocX of John
ua uin i uiv.iifl.ii aw - ...
Siwterson &. Bro., I am prepared to offer to the public
the largest and best seiectea siocs oi iui.
Ornamental taees, shrubs and plants ever ottered for
..i. i , trt i o r a .lAtermined to ofTer such In
ducements to tree planters and the trade as will ensure
the most entire satitf action, ucscnpu mmwsucsmh
be furnished, and auy information given, by addressing,
' 1 II' WT T T 1 ITT
gjilnt Louis, 2Io.
November 35, '53-Iy.
llcf) Ail?
LiiiK
ookbiuderr
6 DOE
AND
Manufactory.
COUNCIL HLUFFS, IOWA.
"WILLIAM F. KITER,
TCTmi.t nanr.tfiillv inform the citizens in Western
Iowa and Nebraska that he has opened a first class
OinAnrv a nA thi nnlv nnn ever established in this
section of country. I am now prepared to do all kinds
. ... .i . i
ot wors pcriainin to ine uumuum.
Harper s, oranatn s.uoacy s, rewraiu , ahuui o
Ballon', Frank Leslie's, Knickbockcr, Wa
verly, Hunt's, and Putnam's Magazines.
New York Ledger, Baliou's Picto
rial, Harper's Weekly Scien
tific Amcrkan, Yankee
Notions, Musical Review, Les
lie's Illustrated, Ladies Repository,
Ladies Wreath, .Atlantic Monthly,
Music, Law, Books, and Newspapers, or
books of any kind, old or new, bound orr bound
in the most approved styles, on short notice and low
prices. Oil family Bibles rebound so as to look and
wear equal to new.
August 24, 1853. '
DROITS & CL.IXTOX,
PRODUCE DEALERS.
Forwarding & Commission
MERCHANTS,
No. 78. North Levee. St. Louis, Mo.
Orders for Groceries and Manufactured Articles accu
rately filled at lowest possible rates. Consignment for
sale and re-shipment respectully solicited. Shipments
of all kinds will be faithfully attended to.
Referrences :
Messrs. GIIRea& Co St. Louis
Birtlett . ATcComb & Co do
Gilbert, Miles & Stannard do
lion. W HBuffington, AuditorState of Missouri
J Q Uarmon, Esq, Cairo City, 111.
Messrs Molony, Bro'a StCo New Orleans, Louisiana
JD Jackson, Esq., do do
Messrs ninkle.Guild & Co, Clncinnati,0.
F Ilaurnar JcCo do
Brandell 4t Crawford Louisville, K?v.
Woodruff & Huntington, Mobile, Ala.
II.Billin?s, Esq., . : - Beardstown.Ill.
May 12,1853 45-3m
Sunday Doings Anions Horses.
Surely the horse3 should be heard
amid the din of the Sunday controversy.
We observe that one of our cotempora
ries has reported a horse meeting as held
in front of a church last Sunday :
"Yesterday we started for church, but
being almost overcome by the mtease
heat, we reached the church so late we
changed our mind about going in so pas
sed on. - - ; -;
As ? we went on, we - saw something
was on foot among the nags; most of them
had their ears back, and were showing
their teeth, and stamping in anything but
a religious mood. When we got our fluid
down we stopped to investigate the dis
turbance among the horses, and as we un
derstand horse-latin, sat down on the steps
to take notes.- All outside the rail3 and
hitching posts, in a paved gutter, each
beating a tattoo with a quartette of iron
hoofs, which we at first thought would be
more profitable to the blacksmith and far
rier, than for the owners ; but as . the
owners were mostly rich, it was none of
our business. .
The little Black reached his head over
to th little Chestnut and whispered to
him snmpthinrr '. when the Chestnu mov
ed the meeting be organized, by calling
the Big Bay to the chair. The motion
was carried, and the chairman proceeded
to state the objects of the meeting as fol
lows: Fellow Horses: We have now or
ganized ourselves into a convention for
the purpose of peaceably discussing our
grievances, in accordance with the repub
lican character of our inalienable rights.
We are brought from our stables and pas
tures every Sunday, to be tied up here, in
the hot weather, upon a pavement of vil
lainous boulders, exposed to the heat of
a midsummer's sun. and the bites of mer
ciless flies. Many of us have not a stitch
of flv-net to our backs, and all of us are
more or less incapacitated from protect-
1 . ? l-'J
mg ourselves, Dy naving our lauscuppeu,
to gratify an unseemly fashion which
neither our masters nor our mistresses
seem to honor at thi3 time in their out
ward continuations. Besides, our check
reins are left tied so tight that we can
not bite a fly from our shoulders, or ease
our muscles a single minute.' In view of
these abuses, we feel that our condition
calls loudly for redress, and hope this
convention will devise some means to ac
complish it.
The Black then nominated the Chest
nut to act as Secretary, which was agreed
to.
The Cream Color mored a committee
nf thrpe tr nrpspnt a nlatform for thp.
consideration of the meeting be appoint-
tea. uarnea, ana me cnair appoimea
the Cream, the Black and the Roan said
committee.
While the committee were consulting
nrrpthpr. the chair callpd for nn prnrps-
-o -"I
sion of opinion from the different mem
bers of the convention, and reqested that
each one brinr in a resolution embodvinff
his sentiments; whereupon the following
rr .1 .
was onereu: . .
By the Deacon's yellow mare :
Resolved, That the merciful man is
merciful to his beast. Adopted.
By Old White: .
Resolved, That every horse should be
provided with a fly-net.
This was amended by the Sorrel so as
to read: and that the said fly-nets should
oe constructea so as io protect tne nanus
and legs, as well as the back and ears,
and in this form the resolution was adopted.
By the Bobtail Black:
Resolved. That it is an abridgement of
our natural rights to curtail us at one end
and tie the other, while the flies are suf-
ferred to suck our blood. Carried with
much unanimity.
By the Black Tony: . ,
Resolved, That these flies bite like the
(Here he uttered a profane expres-
ion.)
Objected to. by the Deacon's Yellow
Mare. (The Pony had been brought up
in a livery stable where his morals had
A. D. KIRK,
Attorney at Law,
Land As: cat and Notary Public.
Rulo. Richardson Co., -V. T.
Willpracticein the Courtsof ssistedNebraska,
Allardingand lennctiDrasKaiij.
JAMES HOG AN,
23 o ols- 23i:o.cLo2
BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURER,
Southeast cr. 2nd and Locust St's.
ST. LOUIS, MO.
All kinds of Blank Books, made of the best paper,ruled
to any pattern, and sewed iu the new improv ed patent
mode. -
LIZHABIES PERIODICALS, J.IUSIC.&3.
bound in any style, and at the shortest notice.
Having- been awarded the Premium at the last Me
chanic's Fair, b feels condident in lt:s-aTr.g satisfactliw
to all who mav cive him a call.
4uiv sjj, i&fs, ' ; trT'n4
ISHAMREAVIS,
ATTOKNEYAT LAW,
REAL ESTATE AGENT,
Tails tJity, Richfxdson County, Nebraska
ui i rr. urnrr nt attention to all nrofessiona) busi
nets intrusted to his care in Richardson and adjoining
counties; also to she drawing of deeds, pre-emption pa-
npm c..e c. is. mo-vui
HEDGE FE1TCIITG.
Th eundersipned having had considerable experl nee
in pianiinfiauil cuiomup ut;t; oi iieur, urri c
v. ;n..,-m ih. nnhtif that ther .re nnTfirpnarwt to coii
i; i t it k " i 1 1. .- r 1 -w
tract either planiing, settice them out, or growir.K ac 1
rnttivatitis: the fence complete. Growine hedires of
tieir Blantints om be seen on the farms of S. W Ken
nedy, G. Crow, J. Skeen and others in this county'
r p. C. & T. 2i. AXDE.RS.
Sept.?.!
fectually secured against flie3, &c, while
in harness.
2d. No good Christian will leave his
horse tied in the sun, upon paving stones,
when there is a shade and soft ground
within fifty yards.
3d. The man who keeps a check rein
hitched up, 7thile the horse is waiting by
the hour, ought to ' go to the place we
read of. j
. 4th. The provision of the Golden rule
should be constructed so as to apply to
horses as well as man. " i ,
This platform was adopted by a unan
imous neigh, and the Secretary was or
dered to furnish a copy to every horse
congregated in the alley for ratilication,
with the request that the subject be ac
cepted next Sunday.
- i
Low Branching Orchard Trees.
A. R. Strothers, iu the Ohio Cultiva
tor, remarks:
Trees branching low are not to be left
entirely to themselves; the orchardist
must exercise proper judgment in trim
ming out limbs that are likely to inter
fere with each other. The lower branch
es shade the stern of the tree from the
hot sun, protecting the bark frcm sun
stroke and scald-sap; they accelerate the
flow of the sap. They resist the better
in the winter; they are a good substitute
for mulch, keeping weeds and grass from
growing, keeping the ground loose and
moist; they cause the tree to grow thick
er at the base, and prevent trees from
getting top-heavy and from blowing over.
Trees bear fruit earlier, and the fruit is
much easier gathered, trees easier prun
ed, and can be pastured just as well by
hogs or poultry these are the only ani
mals that should be permitted to run at
large in an orchard. Sheep will bark
fruit trees and spoil them; horses and
catile will browse the limbs and bark the
trunk, and stamp around them. Some
times hogs should not have the range of
the orchard. The only form of head
that should be grown in this country is
the pyramidal form. Instead of the high
I think the lo.v has many advantages.
Allow the fruit to remain on the branch
es, slightly thin the extremeties of the
branches, keep out water sprouts, and use
the knife but little, and that when the
branches are small, as then, the wound
will heal over readily. I would prefer
training small branches in spring, and
large ones in the autumn, as timber has
less sap in it about the fall of the leaf
and seasons quicker than at any other
time.
been sadly neglected.) The little Sorrel
sain thft fnnv ivas ncrm. l hp old Utin
thought the language too strong for the
nlace. but would vote for it any other day
but Sunday. The Big Gray moved to
strike out all after the word "Resolvea,"
and insert "That these flies have the fac
ulty of causing: the members of this con
vention, and our race generally, much
nain and nnnnvanrp." i '
At this the Pony fairly kicked one leg
over tne snait, ana du a spiimer irom ine
fpnee. He said ; ;
"Mr. Chairman, the horse just up is an
old fogy : I go for calling things by their
ngnt names, lnis stanamg upnere in
such weather is an outragre which no chris
tian horse could endure. Master is in
there on his soft cushions, hearing Sha
drach, &c, in the fiery furnace that did
nnt hum ihprn a whit, while w arc com
pelled to stand here ina fiery furnace that
does nearly Like the hair oil, and are tor
mentedby the flies to boot! I protest
against Dun's milk and water substitute,
and cail- for the previous question on my
resolution."
This was seconded by the Bobtail Bay,
Little Sorrel and JJappie uray, ana im
resolution was carried by a large major
ity.
Thp f!rpam announced that the com
mittee on a platform was ready to report,
and presented the following:
lr Rinr.p the horses are deprived of
their natural defenses, they should be ef-
nicely as you please ; if three cr four
feet all the better. . The outi;i Ja is now
complete, and it only remains to prepare
a bed for the ice ; which is cheaply dene
by first laying down logs of six or eight
inches in diameter, and a foot apart, cros
sing them successively with pole3 cf a
smaller size and less removed from each
other, until at last you have a floor cf
small, dry sticks; which may then be
covered with a layer of straw, and the
house i3 ready for the ice.
The inside door may be made out of
sticks interlaced and thatched with straw,
and the other one - f boar is closely match
ed and covered with sheep pelts or other
hides. ' . ...
Thus constructed, out of logs, posts
and poles, which may be had anywhere,
and with very litth labor, too, you have
an ice-house as good as was ever made.
At least this is the unanimous say-so of
those who- have made the trial.
It i3 recommended by some who have
had experience, that the ice-house be
built in the regular corn-house stylea
foot or eighteen inches above the ground;
so that there may be a free circulation of
air underneath. Of course the walls are
double and the space between, filled with
saw-dust or tan-bark. The floor in such
case should be of plank, bored with occa
sional holes and covered with straw a
foot deep. There should also be a floor
overhead, covered with a deep layer of
saw-dust or other non-conducting mate
rial. To make the ice still more secure from
melting, it has been well recommended
that the house should be surrounded with
sheds . for wagons, agricultural imple
ments, machinery, &c. a capital sugges
tion, if farmers can only be persuaded
that it is really better economy to hosse
their implements than to have them rot
in the field ! Wisconsin Farmer.
Ice Houses.
We urge the importance of attending
to the construction of some sort cf a house
for the preservation of ice the coming
summer. There is no reason why every
person, or, at least every neighborhood
of farmers should not provide themselves
with this essential to comfort and good
living.
The plans which we shall propose are
all simple and within the means of every
enterprising farmer in the country. But
whatever the plan there are certain prin
ciples which must be borne in mind.
First, there must be insulation from heat.
To this end thick walls of non-conduct
ing materials, such as straw, sawdust, tan
bark, charcoal, cinders, &c, &c, are ne
cessary. And secondly, there must be as
great freedom from moisture as possible,
as moist heat is much worse than dry.
melting the ice ten times as fast. This
involves the necessity of rrood drainice
to carry off such water 33 will inevitably
accurauhte, and of proper ventilation, in
order that there may be no stagnant or
moist air above and around the ice.
Thorough draining to a considerable ex
tent, supersedes this necessity for ventila
tion, however, and some of the best rec
omendations include no specific arrange
ment for lhat purpose.
The old Myle, both in this country and
in England i was to make an excavation
in the side of a hill, or even a pit in the
level earth, and so deposit the ice quite
entirely under ground. At present, they
are more usually built above ground, and
are pretty generally believed to be safer
thus, as well as more convenient. Nev
ertheless the side-hill arrangement an
swers a very good purpose, and for one
reason that good drainage is easy does
particularly well.
One plan of constructing an ice-house
requires no lumber except for the outside
door. The following directions for build
ing will be sufficient for any one who has
a gram of mechanical skill:
. Select an elevated site, easy of drain
age, and mark out a circle of say, ten
feet mdiameter and cut a.ditch directly
through it for drainage. : Set a post of
seven or, eight inches in diameter and
fifteen feet high, firmly in the center;
and upon the circle itself such number of
Dosts five or six inches in diameter and
nine feet high, as will leave them when
set, about eighteen inches apart; not
omitting, of course, to leave a doorway
on the north side. Outside of this first
circle of posts and four feet therefrom.
set another tier of like character, but on
ly five feet high, and connect the posts of
each tier by timbers spiked upon their
tops. Fill up' the space between these
two tiers with good, straight rye or wheat
straw, well packed the bulging out be
tween the posts being prevented by driv
ins: down small stakes at necessary inter
vals, leaving their tops to rest agaiDst the
plates on the top of the posts. Next put
on rafters also made of poles, fastening
them firmly on the top and upon both
plates. Upon these fasten cross strips
: and then thatch withstraw as thickly and
Experience with the Pear.
Mr. Buchanan, the well known culti
vator at Cincinnati, gives some excellent
remarks on his experience'with pears at
Cincinnati, in the Ohio Valley Farmer,
from which we take the following ex
tract: 'Twelve to sixteen years ajro I plant
ed eighty standard trees, comprising six
ty-seven varieties. Dwarfs were but lit
tie known in the west. The trees were
planted twenty feet apart, on the highest
and dryest part of my orchard, and in
sod, to avoid the disease called "fire
blight ;" as too rich a soil and high cul
tivation is said to expose trees to that mal
ady.' '
I have, within the past few years, been
covering with grafts of the better kinds,
those trees that bore inferior fruit; thus
reducing the varieties from sixty-seven
to thirty-one. It is belter to cultivate
iwenty-five to thirty choice kinds, than
a greater variety, and of these at least
one-fourth should be Bartletts, the most
reliable pear we have.
Among the first to yield fruit are the
Bartlett, Summer Doyenne, Louise Bon
ne de Jersey, Dearborn's Seedling. Ma
deline, and Belle Lucrative; and the last.
Urbaniste, V icar of Winkfield, and Dix ;
medium, White Doyenne, Napoleon, Ju
lienne, Seckel, Bloodgood, Washington,
&c. '
Within the past eight years I have been
experimenting with Dwarf Pears, and
have been so much pleased with them as
to increase the number from a dozen, at
first, to two hundred, planting a few every
year. Of these I have about sixty vari
eties. Some of my dwarf trees, plant
ed six years ago, are cow twelve feet
high.
Last year the average price was S4 per
bushel, and some of my trees produced
from five to six bushels each. With me,
thus far, the pear has been as reliable as
the apple, and last year more so.
The only cultivation I give to pears
planted in sod, is to scatter a little ma
nure around the roots every third year,
early in the winter, and turn it under
with a spade in the spring, sometimes
adding wood or coal ashes and pulverized
charcoal.
I can recommend the following list by
my own knoweledge, as best suited to this
vicinity, both for dwarfs and standards.
Other varieties are, no donbt, as good ;
but these are the best that I have tes
ted: Madeleine, Louise Bonne Jersy
Summer Doyenne, Urhaniste,
Julienne, Belle Lucrative,
Bartlette, Seckel,
White Doyenne, Flemish Beauty,
Steven' Genesee, Onondaga.
Vicar of Winkfield,
Lawrence,
Golden Bilboa
Beurre Deil,
St. Ghislain,
Heathcott,
Jatninette,
Dix,
Dearborn Seedling
Bloodgood,
Oswego Buerre,
Tyson,
Andrews,
Beurre D'Arenib'g.
Glout Morceau.
The Grape.
Mr. S. Miller, an experienced fruit
grower, in Lebanon county, Pa., gives,
through the Horticulturist, some interest
ing facts on the cultivation of grapes
Trimming, Training and Mulching.
In. i 850, I took a tour through the
western portion of Berks county, where
there were in all, perhaps, fifty acres of
srapesf Catawba and Isabella varieties) in
bearing. Nearly all were affected more
or less by the rot, some totally ruined,
others half a crop, and same so badly
icjured 33 not to be worth gathering. . One
lot of perpaps half an acre was free of
disease, had a fine crop, and very nearly
ripe. I noticed all the rest of the vine
yards which I had visited were lu-rt ia
neat order; r.o weeds; hnd teen ca-e-:
fully pruned in the ?pru;g ar,d a.; c.refi.l-' ,
ly tied to stakes. But llis one, in wLirh
no knife, cultivator, hoe. cr anything cliC ;
had been used that year, the grnp'.-s i?;it '
I bought a week' or ten days alter a: -iO.'
per ton, proved not quits so well riper.- d
as they should have bt en, but were iLl 1
nitely superior to others that had rccejv- ,
ed great care and attention. D we ret ,
sometimes work and trim tco much ?
Last autumn in looking at a fricrui'i vii-,
his Isabellas were a perfect failure, ix.
cept ca3 single vino, on tho same trellU '
with the others, had a proud load 0: splen
did grapes upon it. This vin?, fiLI my"'
friend, I forget to prune in the S'prir.g ;
hence the grapes. Such results h.W $U
that ought to make a' knife lluih. .'. ;T-?n
years ago I was in Sinclair c Corse; '3 -s-tablishment,
near Baltimore, and tlKn fcr',
the first time tasted native grapa wine, '
(and wish for nothing letter ;) I r.ii..d '
how they treated their vines- Ccme and .
see, was the reply. Their viais wt ro ,
trained on trellisses some eight ur ten -feet
high, the ground thickly covered with
fresh leaves. In the Spring; when tr; '
frost is out cf the ground and the ground :
dried off pretty well, they rake cff.thur
leaves, give a top dressing cf manure.,
and I think dig it in slightly, then cover ot ,
the leaves again, and what wast? there
was in the last year's decay supplied
from the forest. That is all, beside -pruning
and picking fruit. Isabellas aro ,
the principal stock.
Must we trench two and three f-et
deep to obtain the finest grape?, and to !
have the vines last? If so, why do rot
our old residents of the forest run. tluur .
roots down deep, instead cf ere ep icg, a ;
a sailor would say, between wind and wa
ter; or, in other words, close to the stir-,
face under thu leaves? And vvhy'cJj1
young vines that have been set cm in ihw
month cf May, in a bed only a fuel wi-ie;
trenched and manured a foot dt t-p, rait
their little roots two feet into the coin- ;
mon soil not ever three inches from l'u?
surface? And why did my bord;r. firs
feet wide and three feet deep, filled !up
with leather shavings, old mortar, leaves :
and cow dung, keep their three yeer.olJ
roots in it3 fertile bosom, instead, cf their r
sneaking off ten feet and netting tht'm-
selves under an oM hot bed, when ihey" f
had but one inch of gocd soil en a 1 c r .
yellow clay, to pass through, to got ever 1
the path, and that path three feet wid i.
and considerably used? Thess thL!i;1
puzzle me considerably, and suggest thit ."
a little less trenching would answer a'
well; less trimming, and a great deal of-'.
mulching would pay well.
. . ')
. "If there is anybody under the canlajrr
of heaven that I l ave in utter f-xcrrs- -cence,"
says Mr. Partington, "it is thV
slanderer going about like a boy censtve...
tor, circulating his calomel urcn hones:'
folks."
i .',. t
A Yankee editor says "We don't mi id
recording the deaths cf pecph without "
being paid for our trouble; tho-igh tl.st '
is not fair; but panegyrics on tho da.I
must be paid for we positively ca.-itof f
send people to heaven for nothing." .
A recent traveler in America record ? '
the following anecdote: ' ' '
"Jack," said a man to a tad jjjt entr-
inghisteen3, "yojf father i? drowned.":
"Darn n," replied the young hopeful,
"and he has got my knife in his pocket."
endeavoring to ex- r
Iti)
An eld darky was
plain his unfortunate conditio
see," remarked Samto, "it was in
way as far as I 'member: Fust my fader"'
died, and den my rhudder married cga:n,
and den my niudder died, and toy fader '
married again, and somehow I . dooiji't
seem to hab no parents at all, nor no hointj
nor numn. '
Verjuice By Veud Antique: How'
to avoid Responsibilities Don't get mar-'
ricd. . i :
The Key that unlocks tho s:cret3 cf .
the heart Whis-key. '
There are two classes cf Jeep redmeh'
in this city: those who have brcoineo '
from reading books, and thoso who haver
acquired that title (deep-red) from a tx
familiar acquaintance with the works- It.
the distillery. The latter outnumber ih-j
former twenty to one.
How to make time pass rapidly Gt,t
knocked into the middle cf next week'.
When does a Quaker manifest tymp-'
toms of violence ? When he kick3 th-3
bucket. - . ;
The chap who was in for it his been
drawn out ia company with a shrewd yaucg
lady. . i
Cream of Tartar An ill-natured clJ
woman. i.
Current Items Flat-boats. -r ;
"That's a fine strain," paid one gen
tleman to another, alluding to the tones
of a singer at a concert the other evening
"Yes," said a countryman who sat
near, "but if he strains much more ho'll
bust."
"Suicide 15 becoming very preralcnt in"
my town," said a gentleman to an. in-,
habitant of a neighboring town.
"Well, really, sir, I don't know of any
city where it could prevail withgn a'.er
advantage to the world at large."
Governor Wise went before Virginia
Senate and appealed for power to com-'
mute the sentence cf Coppic, on account
of circumstances, mitigating his cri'ie.
The Senate refused cn account of the. U r.e
of a letter received by. Mrs. Brown 'aJ':er.
Brown's execution, signed 'Edwin Cppic,
It was afterwards ascertained, wha too1
late, that the letter wa3 not writtc? by
Ccppic, bm by Cook. - . .