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About Nebraska advertiser. (Brownville, Nemaha County, N.T. [Neb.]) 1856-1882 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 3, 1859)
THE' - ADVERTISER, rfBUSHED KVEKT TDURSDAT BT "s.oond Story Hodlcy. Block, Main Street. . if ,ld in adrsnce, . - - - Yf " v",f 11 or nnre'wiU le TuixisLed at $1 60 per rJ)t Provided tMcam accomrenic. tne order, not ,;terwie. 1 WW ' "' ' v y, Ay Ay Ay 7T' 'i . . , . . . . i i : : -. " - - THE ADVERTISER ; J: IIATE3 OF ADVZTISKJO: One square (10 Une or less) one Inserliiii, - - Kdcb -JUiuil iaserlioo, Out tQacre, one ciciitb, - - " Business Cards of an line or le, one - one Coiama ol year, .---- Oa-lii!l Culnmn one yer, One fourth Column one year, - One eiRlitn Cloinn oue yeir, Onecuiaaia it raontlis, - ' --. One naif Colatna six monts. - - - One forrth Co!-iiaa sli m"iitJis, - - One eii CoIsku six raontis, - - - One Column three tnonshx, One half Column three months, - - - - - One fourtii C-cioma three eic"hs, - - - - Oneeuhih Colorun three moctis, -. uuvioacini cAcJ.Jites for oCice (In lv&nce.) u bi 2 r Jtfl'! 2 J f !S C 2'J 0- ! 20 13 0- f . 5 c- VOL. IV. BKOWNVIIXE, NEBRASKA, THUESDAY, NOV. 3, 1859. NO, 17; .1 n a t rv a 1UI S I N 1 O v iv xw o , TTORNEY.AT LAW, A SOLICITOR IN CHANCERY Ileal rstato Agent, BBOWSVILLE, N. T. . Hon.Wm.JesBap.AloBtroM.P. jgh, C. Miliar, Chu.so.IJJ- 0 p l.ik, - ? Vsr 7. I Si".- eTmatiiietj Cabinet & Wagon-Haker mi'lng of "'' 'Pllllr' elc-' ' y " JOHN McD0,N0UGII s;rn & Uriwmeniai niuwi, GLAZIER, ic. J!eft stM,e City Pruj; Store. . ' ' CHAS. F. HOLLT. jonx. r. 'NAV.riv c. tTOT T V 47-1 1 House, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Coarts t Br.iwiill- ETs7 DUNDY, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MicnrR, 'RIcnARPROIC CO. N. T. w:LLp,.cuc.in the several Courts ofeid Judicial -,e in" t.,7 pruuuon of important Salt. SfW. JO. "67-tl-tf City, C. V7. WHEEIit", Architect and Builder. MISS MARY TURNER, MILLINER AMD DRESS MAKER, CinncfA' cimJ ZV'Hmings always on hand. JAMES. W. GIBSON, BLACKSMITH aecund trept.hftwepn Main and ebratka, BU0WNV1LLE, X. T. Clocks, .Watches & Jewelry J. SCHITTZ vmiM anDotmrftn th citizcnii of BrowtiTlHe tnd rioinity Ujat fte nsa locaiea ninmcn iu 1 3rownf llle. endluiends rejing a run asuorv. . . . i I . i . i W 111 ..iii ..r ...rv'iiiuff id lui unAof oubineeB. ii- tevld low for cash, lie will aluo do all kind of re palrins cf clocks, watctea and jewely. All work war ranted.- . v3nl31y DR. I). G WIN, Having permanently located in BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, For the practice of Medline and Sarpery, ten lcrs hi professional service to the aElieted. Office on Main Streft. no23v3 FENNER FERGUSON. Atlovncy and Counsellor TjELLEVUE, NEBRASKA. FIIANKLIN TYPE i STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY Ko. 1G8 Vine St., bet. Fourth ana TifU, Cincinnati, 0. G.r.C'DRISCOIaXbCO Manufacturer!" nd dea!erin News, Bock ana Job Ttij, rrinting Presses, Ca?e?,iIlie8, Ac., Ac. Li k 3, and Printing Materia! of Lvcry DeBcriptun. STEREOTYPING of all kind Bookf. Muni.-. Patent Medfcine UirectioBS,Job,Wood Enreringf, Ac, te. Brand and Pattern Letters, varto styles, m BROWNVILLE a m ft ii TTTT JESSE KOEL Ilavln rented tfce in'erestof Lake and Emmerson In the Browavilie Steam Sa and Grist Still, announce te to the public that be 1 prepared fo aoconDVdate the clti2ensof BrctraviHe and Nemiha County with a m- perior quality of lumber of all kind. Also with the Grist Mill, to nerve all In that line. Tue market price at all time paid for Lojrs and Oorn. The old business of Koel. Lake h. Kinmeraon will be settled by Henry Lake. All Xuture but-ine conducted by the. underniuued. - - JXafeS fcOivi.r' BrownTille, Aprinth, 3S59, . l? CITY TRUIIK STORE. FASSETT & CROSS&IAIT, ManufacturerR of Traveling & Packing St'S, VALISES, CARPET MAGS, SfC. Smith West comer of Pine and oa Saint Louis, Mo. . , we are new prepared t CU all order L 1 j J. ill In our line wiiU promptne andonihe K.YTrfT'the most reasonable terms. 0urtock Is mjJlXJJ large and complete and ail of our own manufacturing. The in waut of articles ta our um, (wholesale or retail) will do well to give can oe- fcre purchasing elsewhere. A share of punuc pairon areis solicited. nievS-ly M'NUTT'S ST05IACH BITTEH8 Art an unequalled Tonic and Stomachic poit and paliU able Remedy for general Debility Dyt peoiia, lott of Appetite and allditeaset of tht Digestive Organ. These Bitters are a sure preventive of FEVER A1ID AGUE ! They are prepared from the purest materials by n?!j and experienced Drugsist, ana iBcreioiewu wc ...v- THEY AID DIGESTION I By gently xcitinp the system into a healthy action; are pleasant tothe taste, and also pive that viiior to the system tuatis so essential tohelth. tJ-A wineglass full maybe taken two or three times a day before eating. ' Oct. iH. '63 18-1 y " i G TKAXX OoVLXT. S SOUTHARD, JR GOUL'EY CO., (Late Randall, Gonley, &. Co.,) . Commission Merchants, OF VWE A5D COMMEBCIA.L ST8. - AHD Number ' 5i, jYorth ' Levee, St. L.ouIs, Missouri, GEITEIIAL FORWARDEnS, EAbT ST.-LOUIS, ILLS., "Patent Metallic Keg" -Agency for : . BuPontV Gunpowder. . . . ., ALSO. . - ' . - . Agents Jot Cropper f Co's Unadulterated ' ' - ' Liquors. J, " ' July 7.h, 1659. ' ; ' .' . ' .' a. fr. WILCOX. ; " T. W. BSDOB i- WILCOX & BEDFORD, . . - . DEALKK3 IX ' LAND WARRANTS, .AND EASTER'S E X C II A JIG E , Browrtvlllo, TC. 27- . Land Warrants Loaned on Time ' From One Month to Ten Years,-' Land Warrants Loaned U Pre-emptors ; Taxes Paid ; Coi lections made Real Et!e Boueht and Suid ; Lands Locate! and aafe Investments made for Lastcru Cap- itallsts. . . , All Land Warrants syld by us are guaranted perfect n all respects, BEFXKEKCrS. Register and Receiver of Land umceat Brownvnio, i Register and Receiver or una umce at jeorasa unp Register and Keceivcr ot Lana unice at umitua, s. i t Samue! W. Black, Governor ot Kebratka. Ruwell. Majors k. Waddell. Government Transporter, Kansas nd Nebraska; E. K. Willard & lonng, itaniera, cnica- ?o, r. granger Aoanis. tsunvr, v.uiui", ij ' , 76 Wall street X. T. City. Thompson Bro's N 2 Wall treet N T City, Hon - Alfred Gilmore, Pliiiaaeirnia, Pa ; W. S Grant, President tiaruiner uanx, aiaine, . M. Conkey President Bank i f Chenango, N. Y.j Crane ft Hill Brownville, Nebraska. The Lnd Sales take place in Nebraska in juiy, Au gust and September, when some of the cboiceKi lands in the United State will beorwed roraaie.aoa anerwarus scb:ect to private entry with GtWd or Land Warrants. Brownvjile . X, T., July 14. leoa. noiora PRODUCE DEALERS, Forwarding & Commission MERCHANTS, No. 78, North Levee, St, Loui3, Mo. Orders for Groceries and Manufactured Articles accu rately tilled at lowest possible rates. Consignment for sale and ro-hipment reepectully aolicitod. Shipments of all kinds will be faitbtully attended to. Eeferrence8: . , Vessrs. G n Rea &. Co St. Loula Birtlctt. McCoinb &.Co do Gilbert, Miles fc. Stannard do Hon. W II Bufflngton, AuditorState of Missouri J Q Harmon, Esq. Cairo City. III. ... llesrf Molony, Bro's 4tCo New Orleans, Louisiana J D Jackson. Esq., do do . Messrs ninkle Guild &Co, CincinnatlOi K namniar&Co do Brandell St Crawford Louifville, Ky. Woodruff 4. Huntlnfton, Mobile. Ala. H.SilliiHts, Esq., Beardstown, 111. May 12, IS36 45-Sm GEORGE EDWARDS, 'v TX j -rr x rr c t. QFFICL Alain if, LattoJ Kinney if Holly' ' office, Nebraska City, W.T. Pertnnawho ouiuemplate building eao be furnished With Designs. Plana. Spetltlcations. kc, fur buildingsol any class r variety f style, mnrt the erection of the atite iperintendHl if desired. Prompt attention paid to butinessf roni a distance. 6'lit Attorney at Law, Land A?eat and Xotarj- Public. 'iRulo, Richardson Co., JV. 7. 'Vt'ill practice in the C :urtof "sit dNcbraska.a j Harjhijand "Jennett. Nebraska Citj. aTb: holladay, m.d. Bepectfully informs his friends in Brownville and lniniellte vicialty that be has resumed the practice of Itledlclne, SurgrciT & Obstetrics, an I hopeby strict attention to his profession, to receive tk.it (e-erous patroiisge l eretotore extended to hiia. In all c.e where it is )osstli or expedient, a yrancription tuJnes will be Hone Office at City lrug Store. ir 54 'ft S5 1r - -SAINT JOSEPH FEIJALE CO ST. JOSEPH, .10. WILL JAM CAMERON, A. M., Principal. Cmipletcly organired as .a first elassFeniale Boarding and UyicJHMi. .Number limited to 125 including 25 boatdera. Scholastic year eotnmencing Brst Mnitday- la September. , Fwr CaUkogoes, wiih full particwUra, ad dres the principal. ' : - Aueust Ith.lKS. ' " ' ''- " V4n4tf " SAVE YOUR'JTOXEY AXD GOTO . .TM. T- DEN,- - ISTlI'lMffill v4 . Wblea'e and Rorail dealer In boots and shoes. Broirnville, A". T. Buchanan Life and General Insuranco Co., Umce cor .d muU J ult sis., ST. JOSEPH, HO. rmiTmn AT Tlllt l.ST SESSION OF THE JfO. LEO Authorized Capitol 3,000,000. DIRECTORS: J. R.Jenninrs. 1. it. Howard, J. A.Owcn.Milton Booth, John Colhoun.John H. Likens. W.Il.Poneik, JamesKay,K.J..MoAihan.A.u. aiacsneer. ' J. Li. JENNINGS, Pres. N.R.McAshiv, Sec'j. S now reaJv to receive application for Life. Firo w , n . Marineand llivcrr sks. A casfi return 01 -apee n will K allnwftdo- caro premiums. Lossr promptly adjusted, and the usualfaeilitief giveu to the natrons of the office. Anriilth 1857. 44-3m J. W. BLISS, Collecting Agent, PERU, NEMAHA COUNTY, NEBRASKA TERRITORY. Particular attention nail to making collections for non-residents. Charges reasonable. Ucfcrenccs. R. W. Frame, Postmaster. Peru . Wm, K.Pardee, Probate'Junge. Neb. City County cietk K E Parker Lyford c norn, . brownilie Sonora. Mi V. W. ELLIOTT, seed'depot, Cor. nroacliray and Wasli Street. ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI. EavlnK purchased the entire nursery stock of John SipKerson & Bro., 1 am prepared to offer te the punuc the larpestand best selected stock of Fruit Shade, and Ornamental taess, shrubs . and plants ever offered for sale in the West. . We are determined toolTcr such in ducements to tree planters and the trade as will ensure the most entire satisfaction. Descriptive catalopues will furnished, and auy information given ny a tare.-sing, , A. W. KLLIOTT, . . Saint Louis, Mo. Xovember 35, 68-Iy. LIBIT IITEMTBll . NEWSPAPERS, A5D 3P eriodic als, Of every description, for sale at - SCHIITZ & DEUSER'S LITERARY DEPOT, South-east corner Main and Second, . . Brownville, X. T. Sept, 22d, 1859. - . f-ntU I II 1MB . 1 MANUFACTORY! JOHN W. MIDDLETON, BROWXVIXEE, X. T. IJKRKBT informs be pnh'iic that he has located himself in this City, and is prepared to serve those iu want uf anything in bis line. nehas selected his stock rith care and will manufacture a No. t article of everything eflered. He deems it un necessary to enumerates bntwill keeponhAnd evey arti cle usually obtained in Saddle and Harness "hops. BrowDTllle Mvl2. no46-6m THE ... HELW HILLS; The uadersiined hiving bought the Hills for morlv owned tv Dr. Horverof Nemaha City, is now i.renarod to irrind Co: n. Wheat, and saw Lumber on the miPt rea.nalt tena. Possessing the best w ter nriviloee in Nemahn county, he can at all times accommodate hi customers on short notice witli the best quality of gnet. Flour, Corn ileal and lumber constantly on nana. , ,Tulyl9rh nltf J. G. MEL-YIN. wl aiter ar "iilies and n5 NOW ON H AND a large aDd el 1 select- . of Boot and Shoes, Lady': andGent.'a and Suppers of every variety : alao. nd Chi d reus sbnes of every kind that I will seil cheaper for Cash or Produce than any other house wester St. Louis. All work warrautedj orders xe.nectru:lyswttrt,J. "-v- . -, The rriisbt Cah price pasd for nides. Pelts and Furs," at the City Boot and Shoe Store. Cut Leather kept fur ale - . , v Browa!l.Jnr.ell. ,i,Vi &OiN CITY BAKERY, First St., tct. Main and -Atlantic, ' . EROWirVILLE, COMFORT & TICE, vA.k 0lKlcs ,0 te cltis en of Brownville and vjeintty 1 1 ?eT t"r rnt1 tb bskPry formerly o-ned by E. lKorthinr ana are now pr.red to furnish Bread. Cakes, es, Couftctwner,, Ice Cream, Lemonade, Ac.. 4e. ' . W. C. COMFORT, irownviile, April M,". "C ' ' . JAMES HOG AN. 23 O 023L- Sl2-.C2.02T, BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURER, Southeast cr. 2nd and Lccusl St's. - ST. LOUIS, MO. All kinds of Blank Books, made of the beet paper, rtvied to any pattern, and sewed in the new improved patent nivie IilTEARIES PERIODICALS, MUSIC.&c, bound In any style, and at the shortest notice. Earine been awarded ti e Premium at the last Me chanic' Fair, he feels ondident in insuring satisfaction to all who miY rtve fclui a eall. July S2d, 166S. ' ; ; lyvJn FL0TJRIITG HILL! TIIE nnderstiraed having lcad the Stenin Flour and Corn MiUs lately erected oa tno Missouri IliTer at Neuiaha City, are now prepared to grind WHEAT OR CORN WITH DISPATCH. - Having one tf .' Clark's Celebrated Flouring Mills, XIanufactured at Pbi!adelil.i, we esn mannfae ture 1C3 ascka of Su pur fine Piour and gtind COi bushels of 0rn dail)'. Our building forstorlu; and ahipping jrain or produce is unsurpassed on the River. We will provide the puWio with a Free Ferry at all times, ., EG0WNLXE 4 TU5WELU August 11th, '5?. . ' 5-Sa CHARTER OAK Life Insurance Company, Hartford, Conn. Incorporated by the State of Connecticut. Capital Stock $200,000. With larse and increasing surplus receipts.secure ly invested under the sanction and approval of the Comptroller of Public Accounts. OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS: JAMES C. WALK LEY, President. JOHN L. BUNCE, Vice President. . ELI AS GILU Secretary.. 12. D. DIUKKRILAN, General Agent. - DLdECTOES: Alfred Gill, Daniel Phillips, John L.I? u nee. U. Hlodget. J. A.Hutler, E. I). Di-kerm.in Pilieaton, &am. Cit. - Kelson Uollister, ' . James Ualkley. S. B. Beresford, M I), Consulting Physician. A. S. HollndHy.M D, Medical Examiner. Applications received by R. W. FURNAS. A?'t, n8-tl Brownville. N.T v NEW First Street opposite Recorder's OJJice BROWNVILLE, N. T. TITS subacrlber would respectfully inform the citizens nf Brownville and vicinity, that he has located herefo :he purpose of manufacturing Boot and Shoes to order. All persons In want of a superior article will do well to call and leave their measure , , r Rej airing promptly and neatly done. ' . GREE.V Brownville, iuly 7. 1S59. vlnl-tl ' Wnnf od At tlils OClPft Wood.; potatoes, xorci, turnips, pumplilris Agricultural. From the Wisconsin Farmer. Sclectica and Preparation of Seed. The first prerequisite to proper seeding is the selection of good seed. This invol ves fcereral important ' considerations : among whicn variety, pertect develop ment and full maturity, perfect oundnes and health'of the rermf and freedom roin the seeds of ail other plants than the one in: question, are prominent. ' THE QUESTION OF .VARIETY Can only ba determined after a full in vestigation into the character "of the clim ate and nature of the soil: and these investigations must be experiment il, not merely speculative. -Thus, of the differ ent varieties of wheat and Indian corn, there is a great diversity of opinion even in the sama neighborhood, when there is but little difference iri the quality of the and none in the character of the climate a diversity more : dependant, probably, upon the style of preparation and mode of cultivation than any other circumstance, and not, therefore legitim ate as avidence of their relative merits. n cases of this sort, we can give no bet ter advice than" that each eultivater test the matter for himself by actual and re peated experiments experiments which shall determine the adaptedness of the several, varieties to the length of . the growing season, to the,' severity of the winter, if intended to be sown or planted n the fall, to the drouths of summer, the probability of their escaping the ravages of insects, and the various, disease3 to which plants of their class are, liable, &c. JIany intelligent farmers are. of. the opinion that an occasional change of vari eties is essential to the continued health and productiveness of the crop, and are therefore accustomed to import their seed from neighboring districts, or remote sec tions of the country, lest the land become weary with growing the same old sort for srv-41 1 years in succession, mat sucn cnanges nay result advantageously sometimes, is highly probable; indeed, we are all fam- liar with cases in which the benefit has been marked. But the reason is proba- ly quite different from the unphilosophi- cal one assigned by the farmer, who by his fancy tndow3 the soil with all the ikes and caprices of the human heart. It can hardly be ascribed tothe difference in the chemical composition or physiologi cal characteristics of the different varie ties, on the principle of the rotation cf crops, since the composition does not ma terially vary in the several cases, lo what, then, is the improvement due? Evidently to the circumstance that the first was all the while faulty in its adapt ation to the soil or climate of the region, or to the'factof its degeneracy-by defec tive cultivation until the seed preserved is no longer able to produce a perfectly healthy plant.: : The last circumstance tnat ot degen eracy, through inadequate cultivation is probably the chief cause. and may justly be charged with four-fifths oi the abor tions which characterize the agriculture of this country. This leads us to speak, in the next place, of . ( THE PEBFECT DEVELOPMENT AJfO FULL MATURITY OF SEEDS. No sane farmer could ever expect to raise fine stock of any kind from inferior, unsound, or diseased parents; the idea is preposterous, and contrary to' all physio logical law. The history of the . human race is equally refutive of such a theory, and has made oft-repeated and fearful demonstrations that the hereditary law is as inexorable as fate. But this law quite as truly and completely contruls the veg etable world as it "does the animal, a. healthy and vigorous , plant, capable of perfect development and maturity, was never bom of a diseased or otherwise im perfect germ. This principle cannot be too strongly enforced, for none other within the whole range of agricultural science is more frequently ignored in practice. : If the farmer would plant potatoes, he first selects out such as are fit to eat, or will bring the highest, price in market, and the remainder, the smallest and half rotten ones, he heaps up by themselves; as seed. The result is just what should he expected a meagre crop of diseased tu bers, hardly worth the cost of planting. And the world folds its hands, repentant in view of some national violation of mo ral law, and impiously talks of the dispen sations of a mysterious and. divine Provi dence ! If he would grow-wheat he Is not content with utterly" "neglecting the due preparation'of the soil, but is equally reckless in the selection bf his seed, sa tisfying himself with such as he may hare left over from a preceding inferior crop, or with such as he can purchase at the lowest price of somechs-growing. smut producing, weevil-feeding neighbor. And so of all the crops ordinarily grown by the farmer. We repeat it, good crops can only come of good seed. In making choice, it were better that the selection be made directly from the field, where it is always easver to determine, the relative value of differ ent portions of the crop, and that of such selected portion ocly the most perfect seed be saved, even though a considerable amount of care be requisite. No labor could be more economically bestowed, and no well-founded expectations of a good harvest can be rationally eatenained without such care. ' -. ..w'. "it " In the oiaen time, wnen tne seed-grai.n was gathered with the sickle, carried by itself to the barn, threshed .by the hand so as to beat of! uone but the most perfect .kernels, 'and, after careful winnowing, was thrown across the floor with a shovel, against the wind, and then again assorted only that which was heaviest, and there fore fell the farthest, being-pneserved for, that purpose ; when, if. the. farmer was unfortunate and without such grain as he would be pleased to sow for a future crop, he .scoured the. whole country until he found someone who could supply him in those times -there was less talk about chess, smut, the. rust, the weevil, the chinch bug, the midge, and "tlessian fly, than in these days, with all our boasted progress in thi? art of agriculture. -Of course we have no desire to fall back into the "good old times" when the crooked stick for a plow, the sickle, the flail, and the - hand-winnower, jounced upon the thigh, were the instruments of husbandry; but we do insist that the old carefulness be restored, and that the progress of the mechanic arts shall not deceive the farm er with the vain hope that "the time has come when the physiological laws of the pliant and the. slow, noiseless forces of na ture may be entirely set aside for patent methods and new-fangled machines. The last are good helps, and we glory in the age which has produced them; let us thank God for then but not stultify our selves by condemning .the - methods of nature. But it is not enough that the seed should have hud a perfect development and full maturity; it must also have a . PERFECT SOUNDNESS AND HEALTH, OF THE : GERM, ' '- At the time of planting. In other words, it must have been perfectly preserved.. This point likewise requires emphasis and reiteration; for many of the failures are solely attributable' to neglect. of this inionant matter. .- -Wheat: and other grains hot. unfre quently spoil in the granary, though per fect when harvested, in consequence of being stored in large heaps when partial ly green,' or damp ; and sometimes the germ is killed by the- froM. Corn suffers from the cold, and on that account should be thoroughly dried before being put up to keep. The. old-fashioned way of sel ecting from the field, the best and earli est ears, braiding the husks together and hanging them up in the garret to dry un til spring, is about as safe as any, and such seed rarely fails to germinate and bring forth fruit in due season. If the quantity required be too great to allow of this method, then it should be thrown upon some scaffold floor where there is constant and tree access of air so as to thoroughly dry before .the coming of wheather sufficiently cold to freeze the germ. But heat and cold are not the only sources of injury to the germ of seeds; the machinery employed in threshing is not unfrequently destructive to them, as no one can fail to appreciate who will note the proportion of seeds which, after machine-threshing, are partially crushed or broken. It is on this account that, in another connection,, we have urged the propriety of. threshing out the seed by hand; whereby it will be possible not only to avoid this danger, but also to leave such grains in the head as are not fit to be sown. In the fourth and last place, THE SEED SHOULD BE PEBFECTLY CLEAN, That is. there should be no ndmixture of the seeds of other plants. The import ance of this consideration will be fully appreciated by such farmers as have had those noxious and almost ineradicable pests, the daisy, the Canada thistle, &c, introduced upon their lands, through for eign importations; while - comparatively few have entirely escaped the annoyance of some kind of .weeds.. When perfectly pure seed cannot be obtained, there are three means of clean in?, some one of which, or ' all together, sholild be employed without stint of care or laW. These are, first, screening thro' well arranged fanning-mill seives; secondly, throwing the seed with Iiht shovel, or, at least in small quanti ties, across the barn floor, saving only such as shall fall farthest from the operator, as sufrested under another head;ind. third ly. washins with water. This last is most effectual, and may be easily done by put tint1 the best cleaned seed into a vat of water, and continuing to stir and skim off until the noxious seed, which almost with out exception will be .lighter than the grain to be cleaned, have risen to the surface. It is hardly necessary to add that after washing, the grain must be rpread out' in an exposed place and as quickly dried as possible. ' PBEPAB AT103T OF REED. The soaking of seeds in simple warm water, with a view to facilitate the sprout ing, has, to some extent been practiced from time immemorial sometimes ra tionally, but often with injury to the seed, and of course to the future plant If the soil be exactly in the right condition as to temperature and moisture, and the season be too far advanced, there can be no question of the advantageousnessof such a process; hut if the soil be warm and dry in,--hirh condition the process is more commonly used the quickly sprout ed germ will be in danger , of perishing before sufficient moisture is furnished to the surrounding earth to sustain it. Usu ally it is safer to omit- the soaking alto gether; nnd the only cases in which it is admissible are, first, that in which the season is late and the moisture in the soil sufficient to sustain the young and tender plant; and, secondly, .where, thoush the rain, be dry, a fall of rain Is confidently expected immediately after sowing cr planting. But inasmuch as rain can never be anticipated with absolute certainty, this second case will hardly constitute an exception to the general rule of inadmis In addition tothe mere soaking for the purpose of hastening germination, it is also common to use a variety cf chemical substances, with a view either to stimulate the growth of the young plant, or to pre vent .the lavages of depredating insects and animals, or of some jpf the diseases to. which the. plant in question may He ii- Of the class of chemical gen?s used fo stimulate the growth of the plant, common sail, nitrate of soda,' lime, wood gashes, saltpetre, nitric and ' sulphuric ' acids, were formerly in comrian use. And while we do, not . question the effect, we nevertheless doubt the philosophy cf this practice; for the reason that forctd growths ofpfants which ordinarily qeed a whole season for their development, and are required to perfect their seed for the perpetuation of the species, are necessa rily weak and unhealthy. -. If the soil con tains the needed elements, and is proper ly prepared, there cau be no need of using means of stimulation ; and, if those Con ditions of the soil are -not present,' then such means will avail nothing and may even do harm, if, indeed, they produce any result at all which we are disposed to question in view of the fact3 that the germ is fed in the first stages of growth by the sture of fooJ contained within the seed itself, and, that the amount of sti mulating substance adhering to the out side of the seed is but triflinar at best. and moreover iri a 'situation not to be available for the little rootlets, ' which feed beyond the particles which immedi ately surround the seed. : As preventive of disease, particularly of smut and caries, lime, common salt. alum, copperas, blue vitriol and arsenic are recommended ; though the accounts are so conflicting that they can hardly be relied on with great confidence. Nor iu those, cases in which, beneficial effects have plainly appeared to follow is the ra tionale determined.' Among the best preventives 'of which we have personal; knowledge, we feel warranted in recommending the follow ing wishing ' it distinctly understood, however, that in nine cases out of ten we are able to trace the disease to some fault of the seed, or the method of cultivation : I. Lime. -Into a vessel of , tepid water some prefer urine throw as much seed as, when stirred, will allow the lighter grain to rise to the surface that they may be skimmed away ;-dip out, spread upon the floor and sprinkle thereon freshly slaked lime, in the proportion of about one bushel to twelve; stir with a shovel until a thin coating of the finely pulveriz ed lime adheres to every seed, and leave for about ten hours; stir again, andfinalfy spread in thin layers to dry. Ashes, gypsum, &c, may be used in like manner, ... 2. Blue vitriol. One or two ounces, to the bushel, of this salt of copper, dissolved in as much water as may hi necessary to thoroughly wet the grain, has been so often declared a preventive of smut by careful and reliable experimenters, that of confidence in its value. The wheat, we acknowledge to a considerable degree when once wet with the solution milk warm, should be allowed to steep for about one hour, and then spread out in an airy place to dry. ;' -. To prevent the depradatiens of animals, such as gophers, squirrels, mice, and va rious worms, it has been proposed to steep the seed iu solutions of arsenic, copperas, Sic; and some have claimed that 'the smoking of seeds would prove sulficient. There is little doubt that the arsenic, if used liberally, will disturb the digestion and consequently impair the appetite of the depredating animal! but to make it sure will involve a considerable expense and the risk of more valuable life. Saltpetre is also recommended ; and some are in the habit of soaking in tau ner's oil. . Turnip seed particularly, is often treated in this way, and it is main tained that the plant escapes the fly as a consequence. - - But we have already devoted more space than we intended to a branch of the subject, upon which we are able to fur nish but little '.information. It is really important as a field for investigation, and we trust that some simple and harmless compound may yet be discovered or manu factured which shall exactly and economi cally meet the necessities of the case. We have no doubt of the practicability of the thing, and would urge the farmer to keep trying until it is done. II. study their profession, and improve their systems of farming economy, to an ex tent limited only by the ir power to do so. . If they were to pursue the course tl.a: the planters of the South are new' pursn ing, in less than twenty years they would :, either 'starve to death, or Le forced to-' leave 'nheir own, their native land." But ths question arises, whit isa "gocd : 1 farmer?" .'There, is much 'diversity oi -1 opinion on this question. S erne times :ho men who "run over the most land, per, hand, and drag out'ef the soil the most , money regardless cf -the wear aiid tear : of .land,-and; team ar.J ferefv are called good farmers, yea, the test, farmer;. is that true? . I admit it nor.. To do so ( would, be equivalent to admitting that the, r doctor who made the most money,' regard less cf the lives he destroyed, na5 th? " best doctor. ;The one would be about aj true as the other both are utterly fals. , A. "good farmer," accor J ing to-the bcil and most ictelligent ogriculturists'of th3 . South, is the man who improves Lis land,. ' and the appearance of his place, improve ' his stock and tales' care cf his. force.? .': And I think this definition of the term is correct. ' ' , , ' , No man, however intelligent cn other subjects, no matter how much money ha may be making for Ac time Icing, fhoul I ' be cpnsidered;a "good fanner," in .ths:.' strictest sense of thnt term, who grossly , neglects' the 'improvement of his soil and , force and stock. No man'who cultivates the hills and permits his fields to wash in- to yawning gullies, and turns them out for his children to reclaim, 'at the coat cf ! much labor and expense, or leave their old homes, or starve, is to any extent, .' whatever, a good farmer. No man who denounces agricultural improvements and 1 agricultural journals, totes . corn in .one i end of his sack, and a rock in ths other . 4 end to balance it because his "daddy" did it, can possibly be a "good farmer." Sialic Farm Labor F.isL!cnabIe. , At the base of the prosperity of any people' lies this great principle rriake farm labor-fashionable at home. 'Edit cate, instruct, er.courage; and ciTcr ill'' the - incentives ycu car offer, to ghc , interest and dignity to labor at homer Enlist the heart and the intellect. of the family in the support of a domestic sys- -tem. that will make labor attractive at the ! homestead. By means of the powerful influences of early heme education, en- . deavor. to invest practical labor with an interest that will cheer the heart of each member of the family, and thereby ycu will give to' your household the grace; : pface, refinement and attraction which God designed a home should possess. ; The truth is, we must talk more, think more, work more, and act more, in refer ence to questions relating to heme. ; The training and improvement cf tha physical, intellectual, Fonal and moral powers and'sentiments of the youth of our country, require something more than th'3 school-house, academy, college and uni- l versity. ine young mmu $noi.iu reLev judicious training in the held, in tne gar. ? den, in the barn, in the workshop, in iha parlor, in the kitchen in a word arcui.d , the hearthstone at home. Whatever intellectual attainments youf son may have acquired, he is uafit to go forth into society if he hainot had thrown i around him the genial and purifying in- fluences of parents, sisters, brothers, and , th- man-saving influence cf the family government. The nation must look for virtue, wisdom and strength, to the edu cation that controls and shapes the home policy of the family circle. There canle no love of country where there is no lore of home. Patriotism, true and gpnuin-?, the only kind worthy of the name, d-rin-s its mighty strength frcm . fountains that gnh. out around the hearthstone; owl those who forget tochtri.-h the Kousfholdl interests, will soon learn to look with in difference upon the interests of their corrTwn reentry.. We must eultirate root nctth tnp. We tnu?t make the family government, the school, the farm,lhp church, theshep the agricultural fairs, the laboratories cf our future greatness.' We must educate our sons to be farmer?, artizans archi tects,, engineers, geologists, Kttanis":, rhemists in a- word, practical men. Their eyes must be turned frrm Wash ington to their states, counties, townships, districts, homes. . Thi3is true patriotism; and the only patriotism that will perpe tually preserve the nation. Gov. VrigM. What Constltates a Good Farmer? G. D. Harmon thus asks and answers this important question, in a late number of the Cotton Planter: If the Disposer of human events should permit this world to stand a thousand years longer, the time will surely come when every man who tills the earth will be compelled to be a good farmer or starve to death. This is a strong expres sion, but as true as it is strong. Old fo gytsm may continue to denounce "those who labor to improve the agriculture of the South; but the time will come when wcoi. The fanners of Ohio are beginning to realize the advantage to them cf giving more attention to raising heep for wool and mutton. , It is estimated by gooJj.id ges that Ohio will sell this year, not less . than 10,000,COO pounds of wool, at -an average of about 45 cents, making Sl, 500.000 received by farmers of this St;ite within two and a half -months. The yearly consumption cf the United States is "66,000,000 pounds, and marly ,10, 000,000 is imported. Why not raise our own wool?. Manufacturers much prtfor Ohio wool to almost any other ; it is light, clean and good staple. Some 000, OOO.oounds was sold at auction in Ciese-. Iaril.last week, from ZS to 73 cent?,, the latter price or - premium clip, .at . tv,4. Wool-grower Fair.' Mr. yesucn.- ofrhis city, has bought'about 400.CCO pounds of a. a... meir posterity wm see tneir stupid toiiy.iimj Binonsr the farciers SISO.CCO. and be forced to improve the soil which Cclumlus Journal. ' ' their f-.ncestors butchered., .The day has - ... , " already comu with England, France, Systematic labor ' accomplishes fir Germany and Ireland, where agricultur-i more than that without crder. ri x:vh Jist3 are compelled from true necessity to mere ease
