1
HMMi
?t9 vvi ;. li:';-": .l.V. :,V : ; -
i. , -7
rr-r r " -r-- -
: t
.1
(ft:
r xv
1
r
V Ay Ay Ay vvi Ay Ay
DEVOTED TO ART, SCIENCE, AGRICULTURE, COMMERCE, NEWS, POLITICS, GENERAL INTELLIGENCE AND'. THE INTERESTS OF NEBRASKA.
VOL. III.
CITY OF BKOWNVILLE, NEMAHA COUNTY, N. T., THURSDAY, AUGUST 19, 1858.
NO. 8.
II
:i-
m
lb"
i-ft'
t lu'
i'R.
Nebraska CVtiucvttscv
I I I.' IMIKU EVKKY TIirRsriAV BT
R. W. FURNAS,
S-;on-.lSt..ry 11-adb'y Muir's Building,
..nor
M..in and First Street.)
ii!:oVNVii.i.r.,N. T.
,1 ;.;il I III a '"
. i
i.t th 'n l "1 months, l'..r'J
12 . i,lH .-
y.. i ri'i,.. ii. re
11 li.. f irm.Iie l at f 1 .od i .er
.nmli-T'' lUo ,-c,uuuics tins order, j
UTF. OK Al Kill l.-i..:
On-pi.rl-..V:r.,--.rl:M;o insertion,
tx-h al liti i:i'1' inf-'rt.on,
OC! j'.::ir", e!. ' I"
ihr-o in Titii-",
m ' is ni'i'it'.i",
44 4. otli venr,
Buiiii-i-K Carl f i '.in'.ior lem, one year,
Oiib C .1 ltnu ou'1 yeur,
o..c-j-uf Jiau, --y'-'ar
fourth " "
- i-L'lili "
C .'lulu',. ix nvm'V.".
h-i'f ' '1'iinn. tn-.iiJ!.
- fourth
' i.nn.-i tin--" lu-iiitl.ti,
iio ' 'iii'U.i, l iirco in :ilu.,
fowi'i
2.5"
4. f)H
f..mi
I2.im
5. no
2H.IH1 .
1 :.'
I . j
i n a 1 :i ii' .
1 f .r ill ;.lv.-r:i-f-
' e.e.-h "
i 1014:1 l ' -1 V- ' f 'r V'
. ..... ....... ., . .r.- ., i i i r 1 1
tvrt 'i t f
i ,r'"i !i no ;ii ii'i in.-
vc r.i' -.
"o nl, ' ' - - ii -:it wi.l '
i.l -r-.l y tlie yerir,
a .mm p.hl n i'H nuai'ir.r.t, ..r ..ronons.y
ajre. d u;h.u ;.ttB ti t!iP rirtip.
if-a numr..f iuTl bn v.niinue.l until
.rJ.:r.-. .,tii, vi-i olmr.i.l .ordinu'iv
A:i 1." -r:i -n .hi -r.iti- -r- .r" r.in-ien 1 per-
onu.t i i l in :i lvm -".
Tit.. ..nn: v -ir!v iilvcrticpr
ivi
i.nfin-
r. I ...J'.- . ' - r ,.U !l U l-ill -"tSlsl-l lil .llV'T'i '-
itii.nl.' i r; ii i. : in' th'Tct". I
" fr"
lr.
V ..r'v !.': r; !tiv" V" trivi
fie.r n 1 wrt i- :ii"i : - .('..iH'tH.
All I'll J t I'.'.t! i-e:u -nts .
':.! .loulile tlie
nhov.- r.tt. -. .
Ivt- - n 'it ..n th" 1j ct-'Iimveiy iU b;
(.,ar.rr,J ,'itra.
EOOII AIID FANCY
JOli POINTING!
to
CO
'r-t
O
--
m
O
1! r. ..
.! .. fr
u:i .r
ii.l.l...l t.. t'.e A.lr Ttpr S?ee Card ami
. s. ,. v Tyj of t'i.- I. it "st styles, lua ol
.It' . f ri;' r, l.!ive!iie, ic, : we
r saw 1 to vx ute J.,, ork of every de-
r -rlj.:. ... ii. .i : utfirj.-isjcd by sny other o!li.-e
i'i t :ie I i, iti 1 S:..t.-s.
1'irii -til r ! m-.ti wilt V.;iviitn ordprs front
a in-e ;n 'i iviti t a vn .r .:ii;.tly attended to.
TV- !'r . ..ri. ' r-, biin hil an extensive exj.''
ripti . w ,"! ti"ir ).'r--;i:il att-utii n to iU-
l.r.w -li f l.M-i i -s. n; l 1...J.-, iu t'.u ir euuear-rc to
I 'i-a-.-, t .:h in th ex .''.';. mi -e .t tlo ir w ork, and
r-it.-uiM.' i-ii-i''-s t j re j-.-i e a ihure of t he oisl lie
. in u ac.
15 IT S I X E S S C A R I) s .
MISS MAHY TURNER,
MILLINER AND DRESS MAKER.
Main Street, cue door above C:.rsons Banli.
liK( (WNVI1.I.K, N. T.
Itnntnts it y (I Ti'ni'n iiiis ihrijt on ianl.
U. C. JOHNSON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
SOLICITOR IN. CHANCERY
A N 1)
tU.tl IMitlt As'nt,
UiloWNVlLLi:, N. T.
KK l.KLv.i;s.
II .ii. Wm. Je-suj., M uir,..-e, I'n.
v.. r...
t :i . M r. r.iefl.'o, lit.
Wm K. M
Ch i'i I"
n. w. iv
o. r u;,
r. i
! i-ter. '
F..wl-r. " " "
i-, Ui uv i i 1 . N. T.
47 l v
J. HART & SOX,
S T1TH r 0 U ft TiTiTri fl fl
llilllli'. U MMUb
0:-fs n. H d. C.-.tmtr, Mi. fours
K v
s.ii.iier. i;
bv o.ir 'o
:!y .n l i n.l .1 11
l Til 1 1- i.
f ;l.lrllPs
;-.iI---. iV.e.. Ac.
K v . rv i-t i n ..ii r
.' -..in-! var-:: v.'.r. to
n l-vif leture
rive 'itisf.ietii.n.
d !
E. S. DUNDY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW
n i ;;. n i, i . n. t.
.' ' " n 'i-.ri'i'i ri .! i'.p M .! ' . i 1 1
I t- t1' ft .-P: . vi . M tlie
v. i vi i.uviv i-: .; .t .!"i-ki c-.ty
i i Ho- in j e, i:t i..ii ,1 ii.i.,.i lai.t S ir.s.
ll-;i
w r
I.-, 1
I - I
OlVI K '
Jiiifs r
VS1 T- wm. n. ; nr.iT.
,t'K. Itcr.JTf tvnair
OE1YER BENNETT k CO., '
M lujfu'iir.-tfrul WUuWaJ,- neuters. n
BOOTS AND SHOES.
No. S7 Main Street.
,F ::mi-.: y. N.. 1 (M . Cr.vt! of '.Ittv ashLoccst. .
ST. LOUIS. MO.
C. V7. WHEELER,
rClllteCt and iJUliaer.
"OroYviiiriiio, "pot. rr.
A. D.
KIRK,
Attorney at Law,
Lnnd Ast-at and Xotary Public.
.lrc',cr, RU-lardon Co., X. T.
, W,'n ' '"-H'- i tt.e V oir's ..f Nebraska. agisted
J lUT.iz.i 3 I'i.-Lnc'.t.Nc1 -raska Citv.
!
I
-v. r'-J-Tv o
r : ' f v 1 .1 l l o
'ft f i u i I 1 i r rn
1
!A.Si. ate
NEMAHA LAND AGENT,
M RVKYOIt & XOTA11Y I'MILIC,
Will ?clfH't ljti.ls, invpti?:ito Titlrs, p.iy taxps. &c,
dtltvr in K.;:ii.ap r Nebraska; buy. tell, and enter
Idii'U "ii r inii!-M'iii; invest in t-.wii r"ierty, buy or
M'll flip funip. Htnl will always Iitvp nn harnl rirrrrt
I lala of t.r.vijhb.i. iuuiiUph. s., fi., nii all lan!sM-ipi-t
t. on try. ;nil wIipi 'li-nrl will li rnirh pal tifo liv
in; in the stites wnli tl.pame.
Liani tlie olilpt M-tiicr in the. cmiuty will in ail
rn'p': bp able 1 1 vwo full anl rili.ib'e iiib.riuati' n.
A l lrpss a. L. Coaie, either at browatille or Xi-malia
City Nubra-k4 Tj-rrnory. . Pni-j-3
DANIEL L. McGARY,
BTBRMY HT LAW.
AXD
SOLICITOR LY C1L1XCERY.
IJiounville, Nebraska.
Will pr i' ti -e m the Courts ."ebraia,and Xoi t h
vct Missouri.
RKFEKKNCr.S.
MpMr. Crw. MvCrc-ary &. C.
II J hup M. Ilu lis,
Hon J bit K. Shpply,
Hon June- ' an:.
St. I.ouis, Mo.
l.
Po
St. J.,sciu, Mo.
Do
Kebraski City, X. T.
Do
J'j(U-p A. A lira. I foul,
S V. Nii''k .lis. K-M-.
J. D. N. & B. B.TH0F?1PS0N
Real Kstati" & General receding Agciik,
BROWNVILLE, N. T.
Asents for Iowa Ins. Co.,Oskaloojia,
A I.I. l.ii-in'- entntr! t nr care will meet witU
iM.ii. I 1 aMpnti'.n ai;l u .lrr.ititpd r .rre f . I'.ippr- prenar
p.l for ; pi S'.iis l.-liiiii; to pi e-euiiit, lcclaratory oldte-
ini'tits nia'le out. etc.
Oili -e on First street. i:-t!Ii of I. T. Whytc & Cv.JZ
KKi'PKitr.scKS :
J. W. i; line.-, Kx-i ivemor
T. X. V. i 'o d i Sli-soarl
Ail-mi A Kmc Jo i i
ii S KavrefiiCo., Gleirwo nl, Im
li. li..u.-Vy C'ju:i;il B.ufls, lotva
Apri! H, lH." vSull-ly
H. M. ATKINSON,
Survcvor and Land Airent,
BRUWNVILLE, N. T.,
Vi 1 1 nl tend inmiplly to the ycleetii n nn rioea
(ioii i f (i.iv. ri iiioiit larnl-i in the Nemaha land tlis
tri -t: iurtcyii'i: t, n -: t and ru'iJividin I:nd;
draft inir oil v i.iam.anil ail other Imsine-f of a tioner-
ai Survty.r. lie will u-ato warrants on time for j
n-:.uil ueai- r: iiiu aoeiaraiory siai eieuienis oi ju-t.-nti.,n
to jiTo-euij.1 : make out ire-cni.ti..ii .apers;
and always a hatid to lookout claims for actual set
tlers. VS.YVM TO
WAV. Sanjer. M. P.. New York City,
' Sew.il A Withinton, lioston, Mass.
: l!ev. T. W. II. .we. lVUskaU Ohio,
'. !. W. K. Atkinson.
Itipor-e II. Nix. n. lu'ciJter I.nnd Oflip. r.r..wnTi;ip,
j I.u-hb ni'ii A Carson, bankers, Bruwt.villf, N. T.
j U. W. Kurnas, " '
A. W. ri VTT. M. fl. VILKISSOM.
PLETT & AVILKIXON,
3
AND
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
OMADI, N. T.
Will attend to all bitsit.ess entrusted to tLcir earo
liKtLKLM T.S)
C.,1. .lesp William", Fairfield, lowc.
(lv. .1... A. Wn-ht,
Mr. F. N. KoiK'k,
lion. .J..b n !. Iavi?,
ll..n. C-eo. I.. Miller,
Indianapolis, Ind,
Wa-liinton City.
Ui iek villi, Ind.
Omaha City, X. T.
JAMES W. GIBSON,
BLACKSMITH
Jsceond Street between Main ami Nebraska,
r.uowN villi:, n. t.
R. E. UAUIUNU. G. C. K!MI!l)l(;H K. F. TOOMEH.
HARD! HQ, KIMBOUGH & CO.
J.'i ii I'f-f tr. ruin'! H
.-ih Dm!) i in
HATS, CAPS & STRAW GOODS.
Ko 49 IIa;n street, bet. Olive and Tine,
ST. LOl IS, MO.
lllllHlll..IllVi.i,.'Uj..v. .v." - r
.inost Mole lint.
r..:..v . i ... to niaiiiifiiptnrm t.nr
- -
HEAL ESTATE AGENCY.
UE'JltoE- CI..WKS. J- W. LEE.
Cloycs cs Lioo.
Real rotate ami General Agency,
QMAUA CITY. N. T.
llLiEllIO
fame WriirVit. lir.-ker, New York,
in. A. Woodward. F.sej- " '
Hon. II. Wuod, l'x-tov. ot Oliio, Cleveland,
Wu ks. 'tie and lJiwiiell.llr.i.kerg, "
Al-ott.. l!..rt mi. ,'
Col. II .l.ert Camj.l.ell, St. I.ouis,
.1 i!ii.-s Uolway. l'si). " '
Criwl'. rn ai'.l Saek. tt. Clii.-ago.
Oai;: a City. Aug. ". lSffi. vli.tr.lj-
T r HAYCOOK.
Attmey at "Law
I am)
EEAL ESTATE AGENT.
Moilllt VeraOIL Ner.ialia CO.,
i,. e .r rpi.!i. ii j.-.i.i to t).e j.r.n-iroof inn ni ci- j composed of one long piece, its length ; male exercises a truly maternal and pro
Z;C.i sTlZt-r"' S might prevent the sting from penetrating ! vident care for the well-being of the na
KPit e:.iti I. .-mli. aii.t s. L! on e iiiit:-i.'n. L irit
Wii r.iu; l.utei to; Ji.taui ile.i;i i t r.c-CUil-ti-.n
l'. ;e - i -eetul'v ej.jt eJ.
RKI'tRS 1 O
Si iti U El er:. l u;ia u;!i S. T.
II P Hp;. -.ei Net.-a-k i n:y N" T
11 l lit mi-.N.., Oiontii i ; i y . X T
Ke1i::er le: .'u- n JIC He -.!.. XT
C.ia.iv k Te-t It it. tier-. C o ii 'ii hl;ir. lenea
C I, S -e t:t 0 - k Fort V:-ia- iln-. Iowa.
Ie.-. -e- :i is.-. 7 1 ''v
.IKriKi:s.N f. CASALY, I .MVKTIN V . Itl 1K V.
J AS. !'. TKs-T. JS. II. M LMTF.
Coiitieii l'.'.iilTs.Iowa. Nebraska City N I)
CASSADY, TEST, III DEN Sc CO.,
t Sueoeirs to Kiden t' White.)
LAND AGENTS.
NFlUlASJiA CITY, N. T.
KAVlNti m.ide arrangements by whieh wc will
receive a:'pnr;itp Ci j'ies t f a',1 the Townsliii.s.
inbraocd in the Kastpr.i iior;ii ii of Nebraska, k e
are now j.re.Hred to (.ff--r our fer ieef to the
" Squatters of .Ydraska Territory.1"
In Trillins Declaratory Statements of Inten
tion to .Pre-empt. Secunr: 5 Pre-emptions,
Locating Laud Warrants-
Land lVarrantN lUmzUt and Sold.
LAND ENTERED ON TLME.
I'articularattention juid to Bnyin? and Selling
Trejierty on coaiaiissiou: Also, to makic Collis-tions
and forwarding rentittnneesto nnyy.art of the Union.
II I an lis of all kirol nlw.ivs on hacd.
KKFL'IIL.NCJ-S.
Hen. A. A. Bradford, L-brasia City.
S. F.NneK.lU. "
Mers. Uolman 4 West, Ft. .T...p.b. M..,
IVter A. Keller. Was'iingtou City
Th'.'na I.i!m.,ir, "
Jui:e2,lsi5. 1 n4
MisceHaneoHS. . ,
The Iuketo.
Ye print btluwa curious ami interest
ing paper, on the common musketo, which
was rea l some months since, by Dr. Silas
Durkee, of Boston, before the Boston
Natural History Society, and afterward
before' the American Academy. We
phut the article as it was reported for
the Boston Traveler, as a part of the pro
ceedings of the Natural History Society .
Dr. Durkee sn;d that many years ago
he committed to Memory this Latin adage
"Ftzs at Jocrri ub hottc ;" and belie v
iii!T iu the simtinuMt embraced in his an
cient maxim, he proposed to offer some
remarks upon the dikx pijiicus an, in
sect of no mean renown; for day and
night it sings of blood; it attacks the king
on his throne, the military chieftain on
the field of 1-atllf, and the lion in the fo
rest. It is hardly necessary to say that
this insect is regarded by all clastcs in
the light of e.u enemy, at least to. our
comfort, for e very man's hand is raised
against it. i he annual is vulgarly tailed
moustique, miringouin, musketo. In the
system of Entomology. Aristotle assigned
it a pi ice ii the order Diptera two
winged where it still remains.
At a former meeting of the Society,
Dr. D. made some observations upon the
muscular apparatus of the musketo; and
exhibited specimens of the same which
he had worked out for examination under
j the microscope. These specimens, thus
studied, appeared to be as perfect and as
;r!:i,,orate in strllir,- a th
e same tissue
in me Human subject, ine motions oi
this in.-ect are exceedingly rapid. Ilha
been computed that when dying, its wings
vibrate 3,000 times in a minute.
One of the most re markable features
in the anatomy of the musketo is, that
1 1 i ' rr" . . . - , r
the parts which constitute the mouth, are
elonirated or produced, as it is technically
termed, so as to form a porrected rostrum;
that is, a beak extending horizontally like
that of some birds. The rostrum is about
half the length of the body. To the un
assisted eye, it appears to be very simple
in its structure; but when examined with
the microscope, it app. ars quite other
wise. It is composed of seven different
pieces which appear to be ribbed, and
comparatively thick aid stout on one
edge. They can be separated from each
other without much diilicultv. They vary
in length. Thev are broad at the upper
part where tln-v :rre united to the head,
When viewed with a mairnii'vin r power'
ot about -100 diameters, each piece pre
sents a fiat surface which gradually tapers
to a point. Westwond states that all the
part of :he mouth of a mandibulated in
sect, are observable in the musketo
".her - being a broad and hollow, lancet-
like piece, representing the upper lip; a
i pair of slender piece on the mandilles,
, and which are serrated on the outside at
the tip: a second pair of more slender or
gans dilated at the base; tilso, a delicate
needle-like instrument, ribbed up the
middle, and which, from its situation, is
the real anabjirue of the tongue. There-
als,
a tiibiilar eanai or groove, in
which the parts above mentioned are
lodged when the in-ect is at rest. This
groove represents the ljwer lip.
Cavier describes the proboscis as com
posed of a membrainus, cylindrical tube,
. . ,.
terminated by two In
foniiing a little
button or inflation, and of a sucker, con
i sisting of five s-nuamous threads, whicl
produces the ( fleets of a sting. Lpon
the two mandibles as described by West
wood, Dr. 1). has succeeded in bringing
mrl the teeth at the tip. There are ten
on each mandi' b or jaw. i lie jaws have j aoght.
also transverse lines, extending from one During the past season, musketoes have
edge to the other throughout their whole been less numerous, in. the country than
length. Thes? markings are extremely . usual, and more abundant in some sec
delicate, and look not unlike the teeth of j tions of the city of Boston. . The fact is,
a sickle, and are not found on any of the j .Yaivra minimis maxima cd that is if
other pieces, which appear to be perfect- the President would excuse a little free
ly smooth, and terminate in an extremely j dem in his interpretation Nature. takes
j sharp point, lhe two flat, button like
bodies at the extremity of the lower lip,
are united to the latter by means of a
;irc i::u!Cl1 t0 xh" 1;lU(-'r I'V means ot a
I S "K
like appendages. If the lower lip were
me skm to tiie proper depth for the insect
to obtain its desired food. The joint
probably allows of a sliortenir-g of the
lip piece by a j light bending of the np-
tvndnges attached to the lower extremity.
These
for the
knob-like bodies m
ty serve, also,
iiistrt to rest upon
whole m the
act of gratifying its bloodthirsty propen
sines. As the sting is pushed further
and further into the skin, the lip l ends
gradually in front of the thorax: ar.d here
we see anotner provision for facilitating
.he efforts or. the' insect, ihere is still
a further device which it adopts for pro
the fl.
e flow of blood to the spot, and thus fur
shes a .p-.ick supply of the desired ali
ui
meiit
lhe unavotdabie mental emotion
in the person bitten, comributesjikewise
to the fame end, so that whetlier we will
or not, we aid our assailant in the accom -
plishraent of its de?:gn.
C.-ier and ether natura'ists, sav that
the male Culex does not suck bbed; and
mntmiT itc ohi.-rt5 Ac tho nrr.l-i.npic in. 1 ,.r ,nrl .V....i ...rll., ft..lln.l m.... ir,.imni-.ns nf , T..fv-.i. TK... r.A,r..i...,. , v lii-h hf. rni'M nnr m-irl r.i t r A O nf.rt
iiii'iiu. j....-.-j-.oo .i. i'.u.'v.-oj i u- m jcin'.-n, iij iia; jit us nail v eillicu , li;a lun.uuiiuiij ui u.uii.-i. j. ins i iiiie in oji y j ..""- - .. Mu-ai i;iai,u. ' I eat flllfl ti D
ters the skin, th-? musketo injects its pc-i- be seen in standing water, iti hogsheads, j symptom of sun-stroke mentioned in the , young pan,' said the Doctor, your; ,.-t,t-.
sonous saliva into the wound. This pro- ponds, troughs, cisterns. Sec, during the j first instance is recorded in history, which ! creed will be the shortest of any mar. I : , ,; j1 ' V l'iT2
ilii.-t-s irunodi-iTP irritation nni? nriinuto ' mrln ml ..-. m.-r cMcr.n! ml own till ' mav Hp f.-tnnrl in iha Hi Kin " A ml tv ft an ! know' 1 -',-"l(I i-iinu J OUT
- ...... .... . ... v.... j : i-i-i i.i iiiij cuiHiiir ; .ui,.li. UilU I, I Vll " .... , ..w . n . - " ....... .
lrom ronenten f!r.?fnmifr!l m-nmiiwlimic tlipir rnsni r:i fi-irr iinrwrflnt ia non (ko tlio ' nw'nn r.Kor, O A'.rA ..,t. U4 35 . f , .
l - V t V v.cwi.w.... " j j.u.l. 44 . ii... i.i.iiu,c, i luau. m, u,j u;ru 1:1 a i ju asn. mai cjuesuon s -uause ii says i 1 he man w ho courted an
i 1 " - . -. ..v. . . o.,vui. i-i i- 'i a cui o as i u ull ,u . a Y s it 1 . ; t lUit c0 frC,u as COUTtlD0'
statement, Dr. Darnee is satisfied that it. After the larvae have molted two or band, cf her tribe and kindred, who died I 'Go to bed, Sammy, go to bed, and don't i riff ctiorateirl" " b
is correct. The male is smaller than the. three times, they are transformed into in the barley harvest. For as he s-.ood I go out cf the house, somebody might i '
female, an 1 has no proboscis or sting. j the r-:pa state, and the organs of respl- j everting them that bound thtav. s iu ', steal you.' ' Go alad wh v-. 3ie L'ht
The female alone is endowed with this
organ, and she alone has power to tor
ment us by thrusting her bill into, the skin
and drawing blood therefrom. Bat the
male is incapable of such an act. ' He can
lapSvater, and feed upomthe nectar of
flowers, and the juices of . plants and
leaves; but is innocent of the charge of
robbing our veins.
The same is true id regard to the Te
tanus bovinus, a species of :fly, well
known from the great suffering it occa
sions to cattle and other quadrupeds, and
even to men, by pursuing them in order
to suck their blood. Of this class of in
sects have only a sucker or sting, with
which to draw blood; and in some coun
tries their attacks are so furious upon
beasts of burden, that the latter are
sometimes tormented to death.
There are several varieties of the Cu
lex, and it is found in nearly all latitudes
and countries. Some specimens are more
furious and larger than others. The in
habitants of Lapland, and other northern
climates, suffer especially from these in
sects, and are sometimes compelled to
resort to grease, smoke and fire in self
defense. In some portions of India, the
natives suffer exceedingly from the bites
of the musketo: and accounts of an ex
traordinary character have recently been
published, relating to the numbers and
intrusive habits of these insects in the
region of Bchring's Straits, where the
crew of a British sloop of war actually
inhaled them by the mouthful, and could
not walk out without a handkerchief or
veil over their faces.
The head is attached to the thorax by
a short neck. The eyes are large and
prominent, and occupy nearly the whole
of the anterior part of the head, where
they are immovably fixed like two hemi
spheres. Each eye is a compound organ
of vision, the corneal surface being divid
ed into many thousand facets; and from
whatever direction the rays of light may
come, they must fall upon some portion of
lhe cornea.
The two palpi of the female are shorter
than tUje of the male, and much stouter.
Ine antenna ol the female are more
slender than those of the male, and are
covered with longer hairs than those of
the male.
The question naturally arises, how does
this creature get access to us in the dark
ness of night? If we adjust our bedding
with the utmost care, but h ave uncovered
a small portion of the face for the pur
pose of breathing, forthwith a musketo
will take up its station there, and com
mence operations, unless it receives a
death blow at our hands. Like other in-
sects, doubtless it has an olfactory apra
ratus nut how can this be available in
iruidiug the animal from spot to spot, and
from one object to another, does not ap
pear. And although it is endowed wiih
la rev visal organs, it is difficult to under
stand how these can be of any use in a
place of total darkness.
i While, therefore, we admire the skill-
fia
engineering of the insect, in winging
its way hither and thither in the gloom of
night, with the same precision, apparent
ly, that ninrks its course by day, it is not
easy to determine which of the senses or
faculties it employs to direct its move
ments toward us in the circumstances
just alluded to.
In addition to the two wings used in its
ordinary flight, it has a pair of winglets
attached to the thorax, just behind the
wings. Each winglet, or alulet, termin
ates gracefully in a circular disc-like ex
pansion, aud, under the microscope, looks
like the instrument used in playing shuttle-cock.
It is generally supposed- tbat
the object of these wingLts is to enable
the insect to balance or poise itself dir-
ectly above the spot where it is about
to
i greate? cure of the nuisketo than of the
j mastodon; for, while the latter is extinct,
: the former survives, and their paucity of
o- numbers in the country during the past
: summer, and their unusual abundance in
, the city, may be thus explained: the fe-
, merous progeny it is her province to rear,
She dipotits her eggs cn the surface of
j stagnant water, in ponds, swamps, ditches,
j pools, Sec. She crosses her two hind
' legs, and as the ova are extruded, the
j lakes them up very gently and places
them one by one m a small, compact, boat
- 1 shaped mass, side by side, iu a perpendi
; cslar position. Thev adhere firmlv to
: g. 'her and float nnon the water. Thev
j are of an elongated, cvoidal form, with
ciliated vail or covering spread over the
head.
In hot w eather they are speedily
- 1 transformed into larva?, aud these larva?,
- . j'quiuj late in autumn. They dart and
- thrv themselves about yith great rapi-
ditv in every direction, and every now
and then they rise to the surface of the
! water, where they' suspend themselves,
' and remain entirely still for a moment
with the head downward, for the purpose
' of breathintr. They assume this attitude.
' because at this period of development,
ration are then in the thorax. The pupa
soon passes through its final transforma
tion;'and the skin which it cast off for the
last time, is used as a raft, upon which it
takes its station till its wings are fully
developped and ready for use. It then
quits its aquatic abode, and sallies forth
into the world equipped in all the appoint
ments of the musketo.
Now all these changes spoken of above
and which are accomplished in about four
weeks, in the warm summer months, re
quire a constant supply of clear water ;
and for want of this element during the
past season, 1S-54, the Culex has been
deprived of the proper facilities for pro
pagating its kind in the country. In some
localities in the city, cisterns and other
small collections of standing water have
been sufficiently numerous and accessible
for the Culex to rear its young. Several
broods are raised in the course of one
season. Late in the month of November
he found the bodies of the females dis
tented with ova.
Musketoes are able to survive quite
severe hardships and reverses of fortune;
can accommodate themselves to light or
darkness, sometimes to extremes of heat
or cold, and to scarcity or plenty, and yet
not die. In the fall of the year they are
very fat, and most of them die at this
period, as is the case with flies and in
sects, generally, of this order; but some
of them take refuge in cellars and com
paratively warm and obscure retreats,
where they survive through the winter
months, and early in the spring reappear,
greatly emaciated to be sure, but as active
and buoyant as ever, and with their vora
city increased to the highest pitch.
The musketo finds a mortal enemy in
the elegant and swift-winged insect, Li
Icllula Scoika, known as the dragon fly,
or ' devil's darning needle." During the
hot days of summer, this beautiful preda
tory insect may be seen with its gauze
like wings darling with astonishing swift
ness, in every direction in the immediate
neighborhood of stagnant waters, where
it watches the movements of the myriads
of musketoes and their young, which it
devours in great numbers.
Although the insects whose national
history we have been contemplating, ma
nifest such an invincible thirst for human
blocd, as their favorite aliment, probably
not one in many millions ever tastes a
particle of it. Their r.brdes are mostly
in deep forests and in low, marshy
grounds, far away from the habitations
of man; and their nutriment consists al
most exclusively of water, and vegetable
juices, such as are deposited on leaves, ! is not vitiated by stimulating food or im
plants, the various grasses, flowers, &c, wholesome, drinking. Sir Joserh Banks
especially during the hot seasons when
vegetable life is most active
And here, without taxing our fancy, he
thought we had a solution of the question
which is so often propound, d: -To what
good purpose or end in the grand econo-
my ot nature, was this tril.e of insects
1 ........ -
createu : Jjy continually imbming in
minute quantities the vegetable particles
above alluded to, they prevent a decom
position ot the latter, winch if it should
take place, might charge the atmosphere
with a malarious element, and render it
a source of desease to man. Thus, while
these despised little animals are continu
ally at work in carrying off the eifete
matters from the smaller vegetable
growths, they at the same time act as
scavengers he would use a worthier
term they serve as commissioners of
health to the human family. And if for
a few times in the course of the year we
are called upon to spare a homtrpathic
quantity of blood, as a luxury to some of
thu hungry mothers of the race, it is
scarce ly the part of wisdom or benevolence
in us to wish the entire family annihil
ated. -
Sunstroke Its Symptoms and He
medy. The present brings with it the nsual
harvest of hot weather mortality, or suf
fermg lrom sun-stroke. Seven instances
are reported as
a hni'nen nT t n 1 r i - v
i as li.t nuill 111 I UlUi, 1LII
uti oiiiuiuay, uuu lui'inv or more on mm-
day and to-day. A noticeable case
cc-
currtd during the Governor's review of
the Metropolitan Police, when Gen. B.
V. Bruce, the Inspector General of the
militia was prostrated bv a cow de sold!
iiiuuia, was j.rost auu b a coip ue soieii
and was carried from the Park helpless.
The symptoms of sun-strcke generally
indicate a Constitution previously irr,rair'
ed. Sometimes there is active con - res
tion and apoplectic effusion within the
cranium, and in such cases death gen?r
anv ensues, ij-.ii more olten the sij-ns
i the
- 1 face
1 Tlie
a ! peding the vital processes. The heart is !
evidently the organ at fault, having sud
j denly succumbed un ter fatigue and ex
! haustion, though the head gives the first
j the child was grosvn. it fell on a day that
he went out to his father, to the reapers.
: And he said to his father, 'mv head, i.iv
! head P And he said to a lad, 'Carry
j him to his mother.' And when he had
I taken him and brought him to his mother
, he sat on her knees till noon, and died.
2 Kings iv., 15-20.
! Manasses, also, the husband of Judith,
are nose or pnysical, and, paruc.ilarly, - ,f.wi,:no. fnr a ' ,i ' LI' , drawing ror m.he came down into the
cerebral prostration; the pulse is feeble. I u ti . ' kitchen laulrhi, he art.lv. L What's the
p , . . . Tirl liome tor U thf nrinnrf mn:v iv n i. 0u " :'"'-' ""o -wv.... H
cheeks, and, in fact, the whole sur-1 V ' .T,' "f ' ,a,u. matter ?' asked the cook. "Whv. shure."
ofthebodvare rale and lastly.-; LULiri' arlu scri K! .,,;.! h.r. .-K-, ,f
blood is defective in ctialitv thus im-! DlU ratner " ?ort ort o'. ; T ' , ; " -
the field, the heat came upon his head,
and he fell upon his bed and died in the
city of Bethulia."
Convulsions sometimes occur, and in
the intervals there Tire tremblings of the
muscles and limbs, not greatly unlike
those of delirium tremens. These are
very common in diseases of., debility,
where the nervous system is largely in
volved, but generally do not require spe
cific attention. Even during the progress
of recovery, there Isscmetimes consider
able mental aberation.
The premonitions of an attack are rea
dily recognized. There is a feeling of
pressure upon the head, the blood tingles
in the vessels, the air "seems too hot and
tenuous for breathing- A person who
was once thus affected tells us that he was
cured by immediately bathing the head,
arms and shoulders in water. While
undergoing this process, he experienced
a sensation as if burning ccals were
spread over the whole scalp, but in less
than on hour every oppressive symptom
had passed away. A brother of the
same gentleman similarly attacked was
not so cautious. He fell to the ground
insensible, while at labor in the harvest
field, and after lingering two or threi
days, much of the time comatose, and ;
with what a physician mistakenly termed j
and treated as typhoid fever, was sulk-red ,
flie remedies "laid duwn in the books' !
are alcoholic and ammeniacal stimulants;
these being "diffusive and causing an
equable circulation of blood throughout
the body, and particularly to the surface.
The patient is advised to swallow the
medicine, but if he is "out of his head''
it can be given by enema. Washing the
head with cold water, and rubbing lini
ments upon the surface with the hands,
keeping up the friction as long as maybe
necessary, will generally answer the pur
pose. When much dullness or stupor re
mains, colfee and strong tea are elfica
ticus. The means of prevention are simple.
Persons of sound health are seldom at
tacked; previous debility, general depres
sion of the vital forces, unusual and ex
cessive physical exertion, violent gusts of
passion, excessive drinking of cold water,
or of alcoholic beverages, superadded to
exposure to the summer sun or a hot fire,
create the danirer
Careful moderation in these particulars,
will generally secure exemption. The
Arab, wandering in an arid desert, sub
sisting on camel's miik and a few vecret
i i ' 1 1 i
atnes, usually eniovs immunity; ins wool
spent twenty minutes in an oven where
beef was cooking, without harm. Fisher
men for the sake of protection sometimes
nil their hats with moist
sea weed
though any large leaves, or even a wet
cloth upon the head will answer a well.
'I his is an mfallil le preventive and should
I
be more generally observed by laburin
men. . w." ),r J'ost.
j Kurey s .ueiliou of Horsc-Tnmlnir.
The Scientific American says: j
This new system of taming is found d j
on the well-known process employ d in i
.11..: i ..ir i i . i
sui uuing i.unaio caives anu wiiii Horses'
taken by the lasso, and consists in simply j
gradually advancing towards the horse to j
be subdued until you are able to yhu e '
i i .u . . i' i i
i.ini'i uii nit- animal s nose anu over;
his ryes, and then t jbri a'h" strongly ard
gently, as judgment mav dictate, into the
nostrils. c have the authority of Cat -
lin, iu his 'Letters and Notes on the Am-
erica u Indians,' that tin's process is the
one prac ised by the Ind.ans m taming ,.,id together with a live dog!
the wild horses of .he prairies, and that!' h iaiJ a C.M it3 tail seven inches
it is invariably attended with success. j A, raM a hA a5 a
Viumi t.tji ; j
I have often, iu concurrence with a 1
known custom of the country, held my i
hands over the eyes of a buffalo calf, ami j
! breathed into his nostrils, after which 1
have, with my travelling companions,
rode several miles into our encamnment.
, i;,,i i, f
i w nn the little prisoner Lumy following
, 1. . .J. .
i
1 -' ' - v" j i
closely and afA-ctionatr ly as its instincts
would attach it to its dam.- I his is one
ot. lVe lli0l extraordinary things I lv
i witnessed smce I came into this wild
nulrv; and although 1 had often heard
, -
ol a, anu ten unai it exactly to nencve , , i i i , L ,
;. t m nnm ..-iii;.. i.r. .lhe answered with a rosy smile : 'I think.
" the fact, from the numerous instances:
. . "
- 1 "Inch I have seen singe I came into the j
! country
A young nnn having waited upon a
A skeptical young man, one day ccn-
- j versing with the celebrated Dr. Parr, ob-'
j served that he would believe nothing!
-
'My dear sir,' said a gentleman to
hard drinker, -do stop tccinc so. or vouil
; wear out the coats of your stomach.'
! 'Then let the stcmach work in its shirt
sleeves,' was the reply. '
j
i 'Ta. do thev niow the orison nn nt
, , i , . i-li1 T'i-'' n:f:-r ,o n-.fr I i f n rr, ,ot nn t
i Sing-Sing.' 'No, mv son. what made!
How Tliurlow Weed Overreached
Hlmseir.
The New York correspondent of the
Philadelphia JWarury tells the following
piquant story about Weed and Fill
more: Heard a good story the other day. Not
exactly local, but eminently Tititiona.asit
involves a famous politician and an tx
President, who hate euch other tremen
dously. Two or three years ago the rail
road routes between Albany and Buffalo
were consolidated, you remember, under
the title of the New York Central. T
Weed, of the Albany Evenivg Jovrnalt
engineered the matter through the Legis
lature, and for this service was to receive
the handsome stun of $5,000. of which E.
Corning was to furnish S4, 000, and Dean
Richmond 61,000.
The plan succeeded and the money
was paid over. But as Mr. Weed didn't
think it wood look well to have the stock
stand in his own narne, he had it made
over to an old and very particular
friend of his, Mr. Mcln'osh. who had
money as a railroad contractor. It wa3
understood between the parties that Mc
Intooh was to hold the stock, and then
quietly make it over to Weed. But tin-
lu(jkiI McIntosh died surJ,Jeniyt one fJne
j anJ f tQ kare a U1L g(J
adinilliatraturSt in m:1king up account of
! tlio Ovvf.1 ctnn.l 1ml i i rinn iri port i rfl tf
f , .ccnfift .r.,1 ..t .1 .Wn tn
McInt05ll3 credjt llJ p 0f course
,i1it, ...... -
The debts were paid, and a handsome
balance was left for the widow, the at
tractive Mrs. Mcintosh, who was married
a few weeks ago to Ex-President fill'
more! Thurlou's eiuht thousand dollar!
went along with the widow, into the anni
of the man whom Thurlow Weed hates,
probably as bad as one man can hate an
other. A recent philosopher discloses a'lnethod
to avoid being dunned! 'How? howl
how V we hear every body asking.
JYcrcr rvn in del t ! '
Good IIIls.
In the trial of Jim Lane at Lawrence,
Kansas, for the murder of Jenkins, the
ii tf nnicV5 inibil.ri in n rrndil ileal of TtGn
?pr;t wjt an(j rcasm. One little pass
between the counsel was so pointed and
opportune that it is worthy of note:
Col. Young insisted that, in law, the
man slain is supposed to be wrongfully
slain.
Mr. Coo. That is the law of England
not of America.
Col. Young. If thero'is any book on
God's earth tliat contains any other doc
trine, I'll agrte to tat it without greas
ing! Laughter.
Mr. Coo. Then you'll have more law
in your stomach than you ever had iu
your htad. Roars of laughter.
The full owing advertisement was first
pnbli.-h' d in "The New York Gazttte, or
j Wc.-kly Po.-t B y." of November 22,'
i 17oG nearly 102 ytars ago:
TO BE SEEN,
At the sign of the Golden Apple, at
re. k's Slip.
Pi ice sixpence, children four coppers.
A large mahe i.t'i,21 feet long, and
ur feet one inch wide.
It was killed ly some of Gen. Brad
. , i i 1 1 . ,
t
i'oi-a men, i-y uring six i aits into mm,
dose by the Alleghany mountains, sup-
1 j "n
j
i ;.
)osea to no coming uown to ieea on ueau
hen it was killed, there was found
In i f - I t ' ' -i -Kill! nr.t .T.i ri i r l.r ffilir.
Ail gen'lemen and ladies desirous to
see it. mav arolv to the subscriber at
Peck's Slip.
Jos as Srots.
Sptakit.g of children, a Western New
; i oi iv i o: i espor.ueni mentions a tne neat
? c r . ,
freer h i.f :i "four n nro i ' 11k mnlher
! W...I- - 1 . . ' 1 . . I
I V .. ral"e"
i I . . - . - I I . I L
, ,frr- t.,
K.n.,uVl0h,:
V ' f " Tlc'hfll
, , , V 1 . , j
j t.;iI th; a harpv thought struck him. and
!."''! 'r,1 must have put a littlethugar
in the i i-t dull tvoii? '
. j .
A boy of the eld country was recently
lakt a into a gentleman: family. One
V-.- 1 r. i , ,!!...l
. i luviiii: i '.j lauuu
; they had to ring fur me to do it.'
Arab Proverbs-
If your friend is made of honey, don't
iTghthe country, cf th
self.
hen ycu are the anvil hare patience;
a , nIlen 3"oa ar& harjrner strike straight
. arKj
j He who ran not tike a hin, cannot
' comprehend an explanation.
; Take counsel of one Teater and 0"?
i less than yourself, and then form your
i r.,v.w ,t.
jnvetugation
i i . i'.'oiiiii l ci;iu iii i.aiiuiCi auu
an
inr