Nebraska Newspapers

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it
)EVOTED TO AltT, SCIENCE, A6KICULTUHE, COMMERCE, NEWS, POLITICS, GENERAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE INTERESTS OF NEBRASKA.
VOL. III.
CITY OF BEOWNVILLE, NEMAHA COUNTY, N. T., THURSDAY, JULY 22, 1858.
NO. 4.
-VtV If If
i4 I jjV -"ly A,
2V ft
(f nf
Nebraska Gitocrtiscr
rt ELaiD SVtRT THCRfDAT IT
R. W. FUKNAS,
: 1 Story Hoadb y & Mus EuL'Jing,
lJUOWNVlI-LK, X. T.
Far one ycarif paid in ii.lvai.ee,
. . " " at the end of til
- 2,00
I months,
( . " "12 44 l
Club of 12 or r.ro will be furnished at $1.5(1 per
nnniim.provilod the cash accoiui.au.es the order,
not otherwise.
HATES OF ADVERTISING:
tn s iunre
10 lir. t less ; ono iusciuou,
?1.0
o.:'i
2.-.0
4."
fi.uO
12.i0
j.iiO
fiO.no
:i.")."0
I'll, ml
1 o,llO
E h n J ini'"'"-1 ii'"r""Il
(dc .-p.iare,
one III-n
three month?,
. . pix months,
. one Year,
Jimine Cards oi fix lines or k
fine Column one year,
. n.e-half Column, one year,
fourth "
- -rJhtti 44 "
Column, siilii"nth.
fcalf Cluiui!,'-'. months,
fourth
c-hth " "
Column three months
44 b.ilf Column, three mouth.?,
fourth "
. . . . i.L it
s, one year,
20,00
10.00
S.tM)
20,110
K..O0
10,01)
0.00
Nnno-.n-andi l-f.r o;e ! in advance 5.00
C.ih in alvan-o will W re .,u.-lf..r all ad vert.se-
tn-ntsc.vopt "here u-tuM rj,o,.s. .,l.l.v .s known
Ten ,.r erut for eacliehan-e will be.added to the
ahovr rates. - .
advertisement will be considered ly the year,
-. l - ... ifiTw,rint . of 1tViulV
j -r.v.l upon between the part ie.
Advcrtisc....T.ts not marked on thceopy for a spee-ili-d
niimh-r of insertions will he continued until
-T 1-re.l nut. and charj'-d aeeordin-ly
Alldvrrtirmiitsfr..ni-transeriortransJcntpcr-
t. i,- .. .t ',! in n V'inc.
Tl! t.rivil '.f vearlv advertiser? will he eonfin
f, r'ol roii'T to iWir wn luihCi
;an l all adverti?e-
nii-nti'uut i.ertainii)2 thereto, to Ve paid
for ci-
Vcariv n Ivcrtier have the privilege of changing
their advert Netti'Mit? quarterly.
All leaded adverti-semeuts charged double the
ab Te rate?. ... ,, ,
A Iverti-i.'iinnts on the inid2 csdusircly will be
charged extra.
BOOK AND FANCT?
JOIi PRINTING!
fl ivin ad l - l to the Advertiser Office Card ami
Job !'ri'--c'. New Type of the latest styles, Inks of
alien! ire-, r.ronz'-s rinc Paper, Envelopes, Ac. : we
are now prepared to execute Job Work of every de
eriptioii in a style uu-urpa-'scd by any other office
in the I nite.l State?.
Particular attention will be pi von to orders from
ilistnuee - in bavin thein promptly attended to.
The Proprietors, bavin; had a n extensive expe-riMi.-i,
will pive tin ir personal attention to this
bran -h of hii-in-s and b..;e. in their endeavors to
please, bitli in the ex.-eUen.-e of their work, and
reasonable charges to receive a share of the public
patron u -c.
li USINKSS C A R I S .
MISS 3IARV TU3M:il,
MILLIHER AMD DRESS MAKER,
Mam Street, one door above C.irsous Bank.
151U)WNVIIJ.r, X. T.
Jtonnrfs and Trimmings ahrttys on ItaivL
U. C. JOHNSON,
TTORNEY AT LAW,
SOLICITOR IN CIIANCLIIY
AN I)
Ural IMale Asrcnt,
eiiowx villi:, x. t.
II 'n. Vm. Jossup, M 'ntrose, I'a:
It. S. P.cntlv.
John C. Miller. Chicago, 111.
m. K. McAllister, "
"harles K. Fowler, " "
R- . Furnas. Urownville. X. T.
. F. I.ak", " "
May 7. Is..;. 47-1 v
J. HAKT
SADDLE li UEUl
Ore,
on, llolt County, Missouri.
Kcepronsfant'von hand all description of Harness,
Saddles, liri.lles. "Ac, .
N'. I!. Kvery artic le inour hop:s manufactured
by jtiurelves.:ni warranted to jive sat isfaction.
JACOB SA1TORI),
Attorney and Counsellor at Law.
GCXLKAL INSURANCE AND LAND AC.EXT.
And Notary Public.
XEBKASKA CITV, IV. T.
"VVnLL attend promptly to all buisness entrnted
to his care, in Nebraska Territory and West
ern Iowa.
September 12, !:.. vlnl5-lv
E. S. DUNDY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
AKCIIER, RICH ARDSOX CO. N. T.
-.VII.L practico in the several Courts of the id Judicial
Vistrn I. and attend to all matters connei-ted with the
' I't fr-M..n. m. M. Lensax. ;E-q . of Xctir iska City,
will Mst nio in the prosecution of important Suits,
-eft. io. v;-u-tf
4 . .
"LIVER RENNET. TH. R. GAKKIT.
'"is r. hske.
ACGCSTCS KNIGHT,
ULl Ell BENNETT & CO.,
s -
jui.-iurcrsani halesaleHcalerf in
J) r rtl "I 1 - A T T -v
r "WL. AU fcliUl
No. R7 Main Rtrf
. (FuKSIRLTjNo. 101 , CoKVROF M AIX ASD LOCUST.)
: ST. LOUIS, MO.
C, V. WHEELER,
! Architect and Builder.
Browuvillo, INT. T.
M F
UEMAHA LAND AGE11T,
srumon &. soimrypiiimc,
t Will e!- t lands, InrpntUat titles, paj tAXM
itlicr m tan" or Xetrkj Yvy, and
'inter i
-S3 ;
ssuh-
1 1 to-on muiwl.iii invCKt Motii .r.jprly,
htil the siAmr, anl will aiars iiave o.i hanacot'
ulats of townMilpis. counties, fco., showine all lamls i
iect to entry, ami where desired will fur:iih garlics liv
in In the btate? with the alle.
Items the oblc.-t settler in the county will in all
ca-os he ahle to give full atiJ reliable information.
A'h!re?s A. I.. Coate, ciiUcrat Uruwuvilleor Nemaha
City. Nebraska Territory. Cm-i:-i
DANIEL L. McGARY,
ATT0R1Y AT LAW.
A XI)
SOLICITOR IX CIL1XCERY.
Urownville, Nebraska.
Will 1
ivil Ml:
ran ice in the tV
urU of N"ebr.ii.ka,and Xorth
aoUI'l.
KEFERI-XCES.
Mers. ("row, M' Creary & Co.,
.,n. James M . Hw-ihs,
Hon. John R. Shepiy,
lion. J.imes Cruic,
St. I.oiiis, Mo
Do
Do
St. Josei'b, Mo
Do
Hon. Situs W'ooi I son.
J ml:
S. 1'
e A. A
N Hi W'
llra'lloid,
Nchrasl.a City, NT
Do
T.
.lis. K-..,
H. M. ATKINSON,
I Surveyor and Land Aircnt,
3EVT STREET,
imoWNYILLE, N. T.,
Wi 1 1 attend promptly to the e lection and loca
tion cf (iovcrnmciit lands in the Xemaha land dis
trict: surveyiii town site?, and subdividing bvnds;
draftingcity p!ats,and all other business of a (iener
al Surveyor. Ho will locate warrants on time for
distant dealers: file declaratory state dements of in
tention to pre-empt : make out pre-emption papers;
and always i n hand to look out claims for actual set
tlers. REFER TO
W'.W. Sanger. M. 1., New York City,
Scwal i Withington, lloston. Mass.
Rev. T. W. Howe, l'ataskala Ohio,
Col. W. E. Atkinson.
George H.Nixtn. Register Land Office. Urowni-illc,
I.ushhiui-li & Carson, Iiaukers, Urownville, N. T.
K.W. Furnas, " "
J. D. N.&B. B. THOMPSON
Real Estate & General Col!ccling Agents,
BEOWNVILLE, N. T.
Azents for Iowa Ins. Co.,0kaloosa,
AI.l. hu-iness rntrusted to .ur care v ill meet with
prompt attention and warranted correct. I'.ipeis prepar
ed lor jrrsnns wi-luin; to pre-empt, Declaratory state
ments made out, etc., etc.
fOIll c on First trcot) n. rth of I. T. 'V? hyte Si. C J.CH
BEKKRKENCKS :
J. W. (Irime?, Kx-Wovenior low a
T. 1.. Trice d Missouri
Austin A Kins do do
;. S. Rayre C., Olonwoml. low a
Domrhty Council BiUll's, Iowa
April S. ls.VS. v2n4l-1y
Td. KIRK,
Attorney at Law.
l.niid Arat and .olary I'ulslic. i
.In ftrr, Rir!i(ir!son Co.. X. T.
Will practice in the Courts of Nel raska,assistcd
by Harding and llcnnctt, Nebraska City.
AVTr. LOiVN
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
LOT AND LAND AG KNT,
Archer, Kicliardson County, X. T.
R. K. II AUDI MS.
. C. KIMl;iH.H R. V. TOOMKE.
HARD1H3, KftSCUGH & CO.,
1IATSCAPS & STILVW'GOODS,
40 Main strci !, 1 ft. Olive and Tine,
ST.' LO r IS, MO.
Particular attention paid to manufacturing our
finest Mo ats.
HEAL ESTATE AGENCY.
CEOllGE CLAYKS. J. tV. LEE.
Clnvcs c3 ico.
Real Estate and General
OMAHA CITV, N. T,
Aircncv.
i:i:ri:ii to
James Wright, lln.kcr, New York,
Win. A. Woodivrd, Ksq. " "
Hon. U.Wood, Kx-Cov. of Ohio, Cleveland,
Wicks. Otic and llrow ncll. Hanker?,
Alcott & Hortoii.
Col.Uohert Campbell, Ft. Louis,
lames Kidgway. Y.. " "
Crawforn and Saekctt, Chicago.
Omaha fit v. Ai. ". I '!. vlnl'1-1 y
T. E. 1IAVCOOK.
Attorney at Law
REAL ESTATE AGENT.
Mount Vernon, Nemaha Co.,
Trcn!ir (ittenti .:-. pn1 to the practice of Uwanilcnl
leetien ot dcMs in the emintio oc Kmtia, fwnfl,
SebnMin. n1 ISe.-iiar.l- n. Nei-rk Trrnt.irr. '
Ke.! eMate t oi.-ht m.it -.l oici'-v.!rt'ti.. Ind
jtu.e t n.evt tor 0. s-'it ic.urrs. i-re-eu-r-lioii
v..w's cuohurv piopurM. '
urn es to
SB.H. :ix?rt. I'lmt-inonth. T.
II P llcnnet. chr.ik.i ciiy. X T
O I) Huh.irils.in, Omaha ciiy, X T
Fcnner lercuson. Ml'. I'.e'.leviie. XT
".iss.ily Test, llinkcrs. ('muicil It lull', lowi
t'.H.t, Sorteuit &. Cix.k. l ert Pcsr.ii incs, Inwa.
Pocemhor 3. 1S57 i.S31y
JEl KEnSCX T. CASADY,
SADY, j MAKTIX VT. K1UEN.1
V .IAS. I. WHITE, I
Iowa. ) Nebraska City NT)
JAS. V. TFST,
Conncil llluC"?,
CASSADY, TEST, RIDEN &
CO.
(Successors to Riden f" White.)
LAND AGENTS.
KEBUASKA CITY, X. T
n;
AVING made arrangements by which we will
receive accurate copies of ail the T
:e Twnship
embraced in the Eastern portiou of
arc now urcpr.rcd to offer our services to
to the '
44 Squatters of Xtbrasna Territory."'
In Filling Declaratory Statements of inten
tion to Pre-empt. Securing Pre-emptions,
Locating Land Warrants-
AND ENTERING LAND.
Land Wai -rani llouglit and Sold.
LAND ENTE11ED ON TIME.
r.irtieularattention paid to Tlnying ar.d Selling
Property on eommi??ion: Also, to making Collections
j lur"a'"- ...."..."..- -..j ..v uu.
JLilanks ol ai Kinns aiwavs on nana.
REFERENCES.
Hon. A. A. Bradford, Nebraska City.
S. F.N'uctoIls, 44 44
Messrs. Dolman West, St. Joseph, Mo..
1'cter A. Keller. Washington City
Thomas Lumpkin, 4 44
June 2S,1S56. vl-nl
JAMES W. GIBSON,
BLACKSMITH
Second Street. between Main and Nebraska,
BR0WXYILLE, X. T.
Miscellaneous.
From the Joarnal cf Agriculture. (
The Bible jn Oar Schools. :
This is a matter .'.'which every farmer,
vprv nmu, iuiji4tl nihii nrtrci-tr .v. ' - ,
inS of youth, has an interest ia. aUc f
,v ns n nnflr.n rrn rn to nimrnnratfi new ... 1
principles of selfishness into our code of
morality ? "Every man doing that which
is right in his own eyes,'' as when "there
was no king in Israel," or shall a pure
Christian benevolence be implanted in
the hearts of the growing up? Which
is to prevail ? "Do as you arc done by,"
cr do as you would be done by." It is
iVarful to see the lowering of pubjic sen
timent in regard to crime, and judicial or
national wrong. One great source of
this degradation of morals has been over
looked. Many are ready to write and to
talk loudly and" earnestly, long editorials
vn the perpetuity of our institutions
great speeches on teaching morality, if
any attempt is made to exclude the Bible
from our schools. Who that takes a pa
per has heard nothing of the exclusion
of the Bible from one of the ward schools
of the City of New York, during the
present year ? And what friend ef sound
morality Las not felt that vice and wick
edness must increase there ? For what
are the youth educated ? To keep books,
to raise corn, to sell goods is this all?
Only yesterday a jood old patriarch was
addressing a school; he told them they
had two safes in which they ought to be
storing away treasures. These are the
intellect and" the heart. What advantage
will it be to store the intellect if the
honrt bp not cared for? "Knowledge is
power," and when restrained and guided
Ly correct principles, will be like the stea
dy flowing stream turning the mill-wheel
and furnishing employment to thousands
on its ban'- . But when the guidance of
principal is gone, when selfishness, not
kindness, is all to restrain evil passions,
the restraint will only serve as did the di
vert at the illfated village of Roscoe to the
stream, it will only serve to collect force
for a terrible destruction of all in its range.
Where shall we look for a sound morality
out of the Bible ? 1 would be opposed
as much as any other man, to teaching
Presbyterianism, or Episcopacy, or any
other special form of religious belief in
(rir common schools, but lhi book to
which Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Bap
tists, and all refer to in the foundation of
their faith cannot be spared from our
schools, unless we are willing to be poin
ted at in a short tune as we are accus
tomed to point at "infidel France." The
, . .1. 11 1
danger is imminent uuu c- snaii suun ue
so pointed at at if we do not arouse our
selves. 1 ask no man to waste inuignauoii
on the New York Board. ihat threw out
the Bible; I ask no man to gota St Loin's
any other city in which the Bible does
t find a place in public schoolrooms ; I
or
net iinu a oiace m v
ask no man to contend with opinions
of somebody in aaxhrr part of the coun
try who would drive out our standard of
rn'orriUiv, who would store the intellect
and not the heart, hut mostly would I call
your attention you, sir, or madam, that
reads this, I mean nobody else to what
is done where your own children 0 to
school, An attack to drive out the Bible
arouses you. If you will look about you
one half of the readers of this paper will
find their own children or their neighbors
will be at schools where no bible can be
found within the walls of the house.
There are about seven thousand common
schools in this State. It is probably no
exaggeration to say in less than half is
the IJille read at all. It is neglect, not
opposition, that produces this state of
things. Yisit your schools, see your chil
dren may be taught to be something bet
ter than the rapidly increasing herd of
rrovernmcnt plunders and private swind
lers. It is difficult to ascertain the exact num
ber of schools where this neglect exists.
It may be said that the proportion has
been overstated. In a certain courty,
provision was trade to have all the schools
visited last -winter. I addressed a line to
the commissioner to pet exact. figures to
sustain my vieiv. .Last lught I had his
answer. " . '
"There were one hundred schools in
the county last winter. I should think
that less than one-half the schools which
I visited read the Bible. I do net think
that more than three-eights of the teach
ers had devotional exercise either at mor
ning or night.
I usually recommended reading a select
portion of the Scripture by the teacher,
where the scholars did not read, and I
spoke of the importance of devotion to
every school."'
That county is not in Egypt, but is set-
tjC(i tnieiy from Puritan Now England.
A few counties may le better in tins rt-1
ijiect do not believe yours to be till you i
have carefully ascertained the facts. 1
Illinois, June 1:
h .
It is rumored that Mr. Rarev,
the
American horse tamer, uses a file of Con
gressional speeches to subdue the refrajc
tory animals under his charge. After
reading about quarter of an hour, the an
mal rrives in, and premises an entire
amendment of morals and manners if he
will only stop.
Nothing elevates us so much as the
presence of a spirit similar yet superior
to our own.
A father called Ins son into a crowded
stage saying "Ben-jam-in."
Health is the greatest of all bodily ; given your husband Jessie, we shall prob
pieasures, but the one least thought of. j ably next hear of your "raising Ned."'
Willie's Musical Adventures.
"Meet me by moonlight alone," war
Lied Willie, the garroler, ta.tb? old genL
who had a gold watch and chain aiid five
hundred dollars ialua packet ,r .--
'Oewre, ) .vm wjtb jjs.4 nwica
dragged th-3 thief off, to
house.
"Welcome, welcome hone," softly
murmured the turnkey, as he locked Wil
lie up in a cell.
"Behold how brightly breats the mor
ning," gently whistled the pdiceman, as
early the next merning he marched Mas
ter Willie down to the Tombs
"Hail to the thief who in riumph ad
vances," blithly sang the Magistrate
when he saw Willie brought h.
"My boyhood's home," waled the pris
oner as he found himself domiciled in a
cell on the third tier of the Toombs.
,'Thou art too sweet for me," he vocal
ized, as he declined the ration of rice
and molasses.
"Go, where thy glory waits thee,"
sang the Judge in deep bass, as he sen
tenced Master Willie to six months on
the Island.
"I would not live always I ask not to
slay," was rendered most pitecuslyby the
prisoner, who had longed for a razor or a
rope.
"Wait for the wagon, we'll all take a
ride," hummed an officer, while he was
waiting for the arrival of "the Black
Maria."
"Come brave the sea with me, my
love," lisped in sweet falsetto the chap
that carried Willie over to the island in a
boat from the foot of 61st street.
We meet to part no more,"' was sung
in tenor
grasping
culls.
by the head keeper, warmly
Willie with a pair cf hand-
"Home sweet home," sighed Willie
as he put on the zebra suit. .Veto York
Punch.
Names of the Months-
The names of the months were given
by the Romans.
January, the first month, was so called
from Janus, an ancient King in Italy, who
was deified after his death, and is from
Latin, Januarius.
February, the second month, is deriv
ed from the Latin word Februro, to puri
fy; hence Februarius ; for this; month
the ancient Romans offered up sacrifices
for the purifying of the people.
March, the third month, anciently the
first month, is derived from Mars the god
of war.
April is so called from the Latin Apri
lus, i. e., opening ; because in this mouth
the vegetable, world opens and buds.
May, is derived from the Latin, word
Maiore.;. so called by Romulus, in re
spect toward the Senators; hence Mains,
or May. ' '
June, the sixth month, from the Latin
word Junius, meaning the youngest sort
of inhabitants.
July, the seventh month, is derived
from the word Julius, so named in honor
of Ca-sar.
August, the eighth month, was so called
in honor of Augustus, by a decree of the
Senate.
September, the ninth month, is from
the Latin Septem, or seven, being the 7th
from March.
October, the tenth month,from theLat-
in Ucto, the eighth.
November, the eleventh month, from
Novem, nine, it being formerly the ninth
month.
December, the twelfth month, from the
Latin word Decern, ten.
To secure good roads men must not be
content with working out their tax sim
ply. It should be a matter of economy
and prudence as well as public spirit. It
is much more economical to spend three
or four extra days when you have time
in rendering a slough passable, than to
loose the sale of your grain at good pri
ces, simply because the slough prevents
the possibility of getting it to market.
No matter if you do have &-neighbor
who is too. selfish ar.d -too- great a rrinny
tpr assist you ; it should be no Excuse why
yon should imitate him. Laws' never
will make good roads in this country.
Private enterprise must do it. Let one
neighborhood set an example and the
township will imitate it.
"Now George, you must divide the
cake honorably with your brother.
"What is honorable, mother?"
"It means that you must give him the
largest piece.''
'Then, mother, I'd rather Charley
should divide it ?
A modern writer says: It may seem
strange, but it is a fact, that men gener
ally are much more afraid of women than
women are of men."' Joe Fuller re
marks that it is not strange at all; for in
both cases the fear is proportioned to the
danger.
A father, questioning his children one
Sunday evening, on that portioa of Gene
sis descriptive of the construction of the
ark, asked :
4 'How was light admitted into the ark ;
glass was unknown ?"
"Why Noah just lighted the gas !" an
swered one of the little misses
The wife of the President of one of
; our Universities, in congratulating her
j friend on the birth of a little irl whom
I she named Jessie, wrote: Since von have
Farm and Garden.
From the Journal of Agriculture.
Hoeing Corn.
It is hardly a seasonale subject, perhaps
bur hoeing needs to' b? understood.
Weeds are a blessing! No? We must
insist that they are though. They are a
blessing to the corn to the young plant.
They protect it from sun and storm, and
they mulch the soil, Land that will not
grow weeds is not lit for corn. They are
a blessing because they insure the corn
plant cultivation. In our rich prairies it
is found to be necessary to "get the start
of the weeds," and keep it, else there is
little hope of a crop of anything else.
The question is, how is this to be done ?
Brielly, some men use the harrow as soon
as the corn is up, others, before, if the
weeds begin to start rapidly. This har
rowing is frequently done by knocking
out the central teeth of the harrow, and
driving the team lengthwise along the
row, a horse on each side of it. Others
harrow boldly crosswise the rows, with no
regard for the hills or young plants.
Both are esteemed practicable and good,
The latter plan is practiced frequently,
before the young plant has made its ap
pearance. After this harrowing, the cultivator,
or commDn plow does a large proportion
of the hoeing. In some parts of the
West, the hoe is scarcely used in making
a corn crop, but when labor is plenty, or
even availcble, we question if it is not
best to go through the corn once, particu
larly if weedy. It is not found necessa
ry to hill our western corn. Some of the
Eastern varieties here may require it.
The corn crop, which took the premium
of our State Society in ISor), was grown
by Harrison Hancock, of Tazewell coun
ty. Six hundred and one and a half bu
shels were grown on five acres. Varie
ty White (iourd Seed ; soil rather clay
ey ; no manure used ; plowed nine inch
es deep ; well harrowed down, planted
in rows three and. a half and four feet
wide; harrowed over once after the corn
was two inches high, afterward plowed
out four times, and the weeds cut out but
once. It was planted on the 10th day of
May. The whole amount of labor until
it was cribbed was at the rate of six
days to the acre.
Where a large crop is to be made,
some farmers keep the harrow goimr un
til the corn is three or four inches high,
The little broken down is more than
compensated by the growth of the bal
ance and the cheap mode of cultivating.
If the corn is planted in drills, eight,
tea or twelve inches opart in the drill,
importance of early and thorough har
rowing cannot be over ' estimated. This
may be done on old land crosswise the
drills, unless it be old corn ground, which
has been plowed but once, the stalks
plowed under, and the drills put in length
wise the furrows. Then there will be
danger, in cross harrowing, of turning up
the stalks and corn stubble, unless your
plowing has been deep. Better run the
harrow lengthwise. Have any of our
readers any special mode, distinct from
the common one, they deem worth re
commending? Grape Culture ;i2;d Pruning.
In the vine growing countries of Eu
rope, the sys-tein of close and rigid, semi
annual pruning has long been practiced.
Whether this system of close prunning is
the one best adapted to the nature of the
vine and the climate, and the one pro
ductive of the most healthy and profita
ble returns, arc questions which we are un
able to answer.
The first systematic efforts at vine grow
ing in this country, we believe were
made by persons of foreign birth, and the
business as now followed by the citizens
of our own country, is chieily carried on
under the management of foreign vine
dressers, who rigidly adhere to their na
tive habits and prejudices. We know of
no other vine, or fruit tree, that will re
main healthy and productive under such ;
eororo rnnrco nf nri'mnrr fii'l lof. .1 ir, t
It is true that, if vines are to be trained
to stakes as practiced in field culture,
considerable winter and summer prunincr
must be done to render the vines at all
manageable under this plan of cultiva
tion ; but we are decidedly of the opin
ion that the method of pruning as now
practiced in this country, is not the one
best calculated to promote the longevity
of the vine, or faver its most healthy pro
ductiveness. We are also far from believing that
fruit trees and vines should never be pru
ned, but, we believe, the system of vine
pruning as practiced in this country, is
carried to excess, and far beyond that
which is required for any other kind of
fruit.
The two leading varieties of grapes
which are now so extensively cultivated
in this country, are liable to material loss
by rot, in the early part of the summer,
and the disease is greatly aggravated by
wet, sultry weather, which often occurs
about the time the grapes are about the
size of small peas. Now, whether this
disease is encouraged, or in any degree
promoted by any irregularity m the cir
culation, caused by excessive pruning, or
nnt li n mittor fVint tii l.n ) n i .-..I
by experiment. The subject has attrac
ted the attention of some of the membes
of the Cincinnati Horticultural Society,
and objections have been raised "against
the method of pruning now practiced by
the majority of vine dressers. We regard
it not only an important matter for d is- j the flock .frequently cat too much. Per
cussion by the society, but we think, that j mont 'cl: Journal.
the question may easily be determined i
through the agency of the society, if i !
would encourage its members to make I
some experiments with that object in
view. '
It has long since been ascertained that '
it' is only our native grapes that are adap
ted to onen cultnrp in thi romitrv. An I
excellent wine grape known as the'Scup
pernong,' has long been cultivated in
North Carolina, its native country. This
is a variety of very peculiar growth, and
is seldom pruned by the cultivators in that
country, and when furnished with proper
support, a smine vine will often extend
over many square rods of ground; forks!
anu. poles an.
iuri.isneu, iornnng a Kind
allowing the vine to ex
P 1 1 r
ot scalloldinjr,
tend its rampant growth within limit. In
this way these vines yield large crops,
and we have never heard of their being
affected with mildew or rot. Allowing
this vine to take its natural course and
extend its branches unrestrained, is as
great a fault, we believe, as that of ex
cessive and close pruning, as practiced ly
the growers of the Catawba and Isabella
varieties, which are also native neighbors
of the Scuppernong.
We wish the subject might receive the
attention of our friends m Ohio, as well
as Herman, Missouri, and both lead to
some experiments on the subject, and fa
vor us with the result. Valley Farmer.
Currant Wines.
Wine can be made- from the juice of
the currant, combined with water and su
gar, in almost any proportions, but the
quantity will depend upon the proportions
and mode of manufacture.
The currant should be fully ripe, and
grown with a full exposure to the sun,
except such shade as may be given by
their own bushes properly trimmed and
cultivated. The currant should not be
over ripe. Every one has probably no
ticed that currants eaten in September
and sometimes earlier, have an acid flav
or, which is entirely dilferent from the
rich acid peculiar to the well cultivated
currant. If over ripe, they are usually
shrivelled a little, and are then unfit for
first quality wine.
The currants should be picked and the
juice expressed from them before fer
mentation commences, which will happen
in a day or two after they are gathered
in warm weather. In a small way the
juice may be expressed by squeezers. I
usually grind them in a hand mill sever
al bushels at a lime, and express the juice
in a press. Let the juice be well strain
ed and added to the sugar, and then add
water until nl! the surra r is dissrdvud, p'ji
in the caslrr and fill according to receipt
No. 1.
I have tried vsthk:; proportions. In
1850 I made several 1 -m n Is according to
the receipt No. l,and have three or four
barrels now on hand, so that we are sure
it keeps well, being now over six years
old, and is generally declared to be very
superior, though some think it too sweet.
It is prescribed by physicians as a knic,
and sells readily at si,-10 per gallon.
I shall make the next according to re
ceipe No. 2, which will be less sweet, but
will keep well.
Receht. No. 1.
Ten gallons pure juice; 100 pounds of
good sugar; water sufficient to fill a -10
gallon cask.
Rrcrir-E No. 2.
Ten gallons pure iuice; SO pounds of
sugar: U gallons water.
Mix well, and put into a very strong
cask, (alcohol barrels) in a cool dry cel
lar, and hungup tight, vent hole und all.
If the cask is old do not bung up tight;
if you do you may find your liquor turn
ed into low wines on the cellar bottom.
If you do not stop your barrel tight, it is
best to put a piece of gauze over the bung
hole, to keep the flies, etc., out. Let lire
wine remain in the cask three months,
and carefully rai k it into another before
removing the 4 original package." Af
ter nine months more it will be fit to bot
tle, and grows better every year for sev
en years, and how much longpr I'm iot
! alle to say Cotairy Gentleman.
Snake llites.
A Correspondent of the "Northwest-
ern Farmer,'" writing from Blue Earth,
Minnesota says:
If the lar-e yellow Rattlesnakes are
as numerous in other parts of the West
as they are here, and as poisonous, 1
think every farmer ought to know a cer -
tain cure for their bite, for unless sorne-
thing can be done immediately their bite
is sure death. As soon as you find tha:
an ox or a horse has been bitten by one
of these snakes, pour down two quarts
of whiskey, and rub spirits of turpentine
nn tli wound. Tf the. whiskv lin no'
o d.n l.r.nst friro nr.ti-.n,
ti, .;: .v. :.,
iic same; niiicuy iwu wiu u;i: one uil a
person. Give one pint of whiskey; if
that has no effect, give another rrnt. and
use spirits of turpentine same as in the
case of animals.
Fattening Sheep. j
Too much stress cannot be laid upon
the great importance of keeping a con-1
stant suply of salt where the sheep can i
j have an easy access to it. It is the great
! .1 , 1 . ,wl . K I
more ior me general neaitu aim fcucces
. .1. . i ..i.u i
ui me liuciv man au uiuei meuieines put
together. Some fanners are in the hab
it of giving salt once or twice in a week,
others the same number of times in a
month. 'When fed in this way some of
(,1'rou tfte Valley Fnrruer J
Letter Writing
I hope my young readets will indulge
u.c m submitting a few thoughts upon this
.--object. Most of you, no doubt, hare
learned the old adage, that every begin
ning is difficult in every art and science
in every business of life we meet with
dilficiTlties in the beginning. The lawyer
and the doctor have to devote years of
study to acquire a knowledge of their re
spective professions. The mechanic and
blacksmith have to undergo a long ap-
prenticeship to become good workmen.
i ounrr loUs must expect to meet with
difficulties, as they are just beginning- to
enter upon the active duties of life. In
writing letters, die style should be plain,
correct, and familiar, just such as wo
would use in face-to-face conversation.
Many young persons are at a loss in the
commencement of a letter because they
wish to use high-sounding words, when
they do not u it the thoughts which they
desire to express. This is wrong. Just
think what the person to whom you are
writing would wish to know, and endeav
or to communicate it in plain, correct lan
guage. The little girls certainly can find
material enough in writing abont the
health of the family, and neighborhood,
their progress in learning the current
news the arrangement of the house and
garden, for a loner of ordinary length;
while the sons' of farmers in addition
to all I have mentioned might add the
price of stock in the neighborhood the
prospect of the growing crop yield of
that already made, and other matters of
a similar character. Young persons
should cultivate a chaste, correct style of
writing, avoiding all vulgar common
place sayings-and recollect that an agree
able correct style, introduces the writer
as effectually to the notice and attention
of the reader as a courteous, polite, re
spectful bearing and deportment intrudu
cos a boy or girl into society.
. II. Campbell,
Summer.
Children love the summer. It has a
thousand opportunities for pleasure. It
has long days, flowers, fruits, birds, and
very many agreeable things. Summer
is the real growing season of the year.
Among all the plants and animals it is
tiro working season. They are all doing
their lest to make a rich harvest.
Summer represents youth and early
manhood. Young people are in the sum
mer of life, when the bright warm days
are upon them. If. is their time to grow,
in wisdom, bi knowledge in virtue, in
goodn", in love. Now they should grow
to be full men arid women. They should
groic to be generous, noble-minded, hon
est, truly, intelligent and useful. It is
their working time. They should learn
how to be great and good. Thev are
using
their
their hands and their heads. In
ummer days thev should work hard
and well that thev mav have a rich har
vest in old age. Let all young people
look forward to middle life, and ask what
they should be when they arc eld. Should,
I be good or lad ?
Cooil Humor.
Nothing is better for ones health and
happiness, than to be always in good hu
mor. Both at home and abroad, it is
equally pleasant and profitable to be in a
good humor. It is not enough to be in a
good humor among ones friends in socie
ty, or when one has company ; but it is
the grand essential of every day home
j lite. Good humor is not a holiday sport
. iveness, a Sunday garment, a Christmas
joy only. It ought to be the perpetual
music of the flow of life's stream. Ail
the day long, all the year round it is.
j well for us to be in a good joking humor,
turned up for joy and spirit. Away with
all moping rnelaneholly. It is like mould
on the wall, or dampness in the house, or
a funeral at a friend's. Away with it.
It is a torment, a blight on all fair Dros
pecis, and eclipses all beauty. Let good
humor prevail, and health and happiness
follow.
V Iiat Will that B()) Do?
Who will tell ? The boy that rcadM
this what will he do ? When he becomes
j a ,lia:i he do manl' thinS3 ? 'i1
ho rfaJ atlJ - olc i:Uelhgent, be useful,
1 healthy and of a strong mind ? ill h
! Pray anJ soLe F'ous.good, and of a strong
soul ? Will he .vrite and so be graceful
in speech, ready in communication and of
a strong influence ? Say, my boy ? What
! are you going to do ? What you like to
! uo now
' ant4 y
do now, you will te very likely to do by
Do you swear now i uo you
cheat, lie, deceive,
stsal ? Do you do
dishonorable things ?
Remember the
! bov makes the man. If the Lov is
bad
, J . , , . i ,
the man will be ic the boy is go od ,the
! man w?fI.le- f 1X in )'our mmi ivtuch
you will be.
B-vs are like vinegar; when
there is
much mother in them they are alwaj-3
sharp.
It is the very perfection of happiness
neither to wish for death or to fear it.
Tl virtue nf nrnsneritv is temner: the
"""" r---r---v --
f ajversity js fortitude.
Levity is often less foolish, and gravity
ss wise than each of them appear.
riattcry is 1 ad money, to
vanity gives currency.
which
cur