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About Nebraska advertiser. (Brownville, Nemaha County, N.T. [Neb.]) 1856-1882 | View Entire Issue (March 25, 1858)
.zZ.ti-Jl. .i.'.i. r . 1 A 1 IV J J ! 1 4 . DEVOTED TO" A',GEi; ICTILTliB; COMMEECE, NEWS,' POLITICS, ; GENERAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE 1NTE11KSTS OF NEBRASKA. VOL. II. CITY OF BROWN VILLE,; NEMAEA COUNTY, N; T,, THURSDAY-, MARCH 25, 1858. NO. 39. i" i T.i I i. tear lor, tort rmsa -es fek meirr icypa rc: AIL ; 2T7. 9 1 ll-- u- , . A. f ASK VP cbrasiia.SDucrtiSvT ' ri'BUd-iKli I'EVfcKY TUl'fcSllAV BY JKNA5 & LANGDON, vil Story; II jadliy S&'.Muir's Building, iCmt if Min n'l First Struts.) UiKOWNVII.LK, N. .en-'jcarir yil m-ire, - - $2.t? - - t tbo-iitdui 6 months, ' . ... - i j - i.uu V,.of .J r ni're 1- ii farmnhe-l at $1.40 jier j.f .rided tfao csb -wcomauies tko urdcr, RATES OF AWVCIITISIXO: -,--.tc ilVs.-::'rl)KM inat-rtioB, a l ini-ual jus r.iua, :are, one m -nth, . three m m'h, .' fix ta rtD5, one V'r. . Card.- .T -is 'ics or less, one year, -.Vimn no .re.-ir, C..la:n, oui;vear, . ,urH- ;.-hfh . " i.,lnnjn. x m n'.b, ill iV.utnu. Qi nibs -urtK.--- - lutnn fbree unnth1. V.f C.ilum-i, ibrce m 'nth, . . 2.5' 4.DD 6.0U 1J.IMI C'l.llO 3ii' 2 00 15.00 20.00 10, m ts.mi 2!.0 I3.ti (ii.tiii h in .lrnc-wi i tv r -nr ilf.r ll.lvrii--4 r c'v.-nt f.- ca-li c'.ij.u fih uvl iert hi tli- .lkrTui''nt wiU h-r'nM tI t lie ytMr. i --i4t ti i-? m rueript. "T r-vi.u:v ! u: i l" trtT ;1h rtii-i. r-rti'-m-n i't U" B t'ie j.iv rnr 'i iia.n mm- i h -ru-.n!, w I Jit i-n in-ieJ until sl ..ut. wxl o'l-fg ! eonr.iTnil v ,1 .!' "n -nr- f-u -tr.ijvTi r?rnienl cr .i r;i in a ir in;-. - i.nv'.l 'f y:.irif ilvct'ri i!H? r.mfiii " ' 1- tl fir i i-ni t":an 1 U wlv Tti.nr ru..i -,-rtiiii ihcietn, tu be jtiid fr ex- ral.-Tt: rr. 'ht? tV nrjvllcoof ehanjinr l-ii l i If jftwiui -uUjiur;:'! iuiiif tin- TOOK AITD PAITCY . OH PRINTING! i . r7.iar -4 ex: ,n i , T tv' nvi',!''1"1' ityany miicr ni ' -d-ir titm will t "r.iit rler fr id a-,..in irin; "i r-!ti -ttt-ml.-il . IV ir- -t r', hi n; .i ixt-ifivr t. w';'. fi M" jfrt! tit tiv n tr, th ' Vui;i?. i i'l '. ' ii t'i;i" ,'n,l 'nv r.- to i. h ah in t - s i 'if ' h :ir w irk. "' nil ; tii rn Ut reo.-he 'Unre- of tlie.;uibli i," L'SINKS-S CA'KD'S. BUOWXVILLE. tTJI. B WJAKKIT. Al'GrFTt vVHJlIT. - r. rissi. LIVKIt IIEXNETT & CO., 'i.iTiuf turcr.- Jii.t Whalewil" I'catcrf in )0'iS AND SHOES. So. 87 Main Et -est. sr. LOUIS, MO. ' MISS MARY TURNER, !JNHR AND DaESS MAKER. s Street, between llsin end "Watr. iiuowxviLM-:, x. r. is awl Tn minings altrjys on hav.J. C. W. WHEELER, Ht:ct and Builder. JAMES W. GIliSON, LACK SMITH iret( 'twri-ii iaiti aud Nebraska. : I'.U'.WXVILLE. N. T.'. ! II. C. COHNSON, TORIiEY AT LAW, JUCITJR IN CHANCERY AS 1 . Rtal Estate Acnl, UUOWNVILLi; X. T; .Tn:i III. V . ro-u i.lipw-TiH. ,X. T.' 7 Vx R. I EERY, M. D.,. .1 B.GrEnTT T3TT A NT ij j ' n':T7: i . -IiDOHAi0, 17, , - tJ'"' tr,1'T, urofeionaJ er-. f u UecKiijo nf X -in ilia .uiuy xfl : iT!r, 4th in ebra.-kaaBd MUai.uri. .. T. 7hyt3 & Co., - G03D3, GROCERIES QlliS.V r... v, v r . Coaa-ry Trcdnce, l ml .t-.XJU - I T f--.-. V -w T'i't f tr!.-. !nk f e Hfuan :1T LIW; AND SOLICITOR IX CUAXCERY. t Brbiviyilb, CCebrtuka Territory:." VTili ji.MCtice la tbe Ci'trt of KeSrxiJciBd ijrt li , ,UKFKKF.NCES. . ' Uesin. Crow ifcC eary &. Co., , Si. L-iis, ilo. U.a-Jitne M. Uarft,. 1k Ujo J ha K buep.f, . - Dj n.. J.u.fr C.ie - -- ft.Jwreph lio. H u. Situ. U'.K b. I). Jadee A. A. B-di:d, J Kbi ti Ctrr X.T. S K. Xuck .iu Eg. - V 1 "cG W. iIURN. ' .SUEVEOE, " 'irniAiiA city.It. t. ' T7!I.l-tvcu'l iriuitl uuU Itutinu in hr tr- fe-sinn riK'J n : nuc!) iill.rinp Claim-. hiyingout Ttwn I.t.lrnftinjt Cit rUt eie.. . . . "I7-tf JOHN A. PAEKES&CO" vasuic;tox, if. c. -. - JOI1N A. PARKED Ure Register -f hc LstkI Cne hBAht 'XT., h iviuk rertj:nel his i ffl e-wii tere .i.er .ennee ion wi h u:ir of ibe tet Ltud L .wyiverb in ilie c .ant t aeul to all bji-iue.-s contUed u Litu; ml e pediUy PRE G"TTTTON" CITS. Thbh he has nn-le himpirthoroBgli'yacquaiutcJ with byiudy mid p ar ice l-r ye i'. lie reftrrn t- ;he Heads .f Departments and Members i.l Cnf e - uf bi h H rtitf-i, , " A'l jppTicj i n fir e vires mast be acc-jmpanied wi.b a ti ir e .it:n;i .b. , . Jim.yW lSSS. . n 3,.1r C WM. OSLOUN. t" . . . . . DKM.KK IV CLOCKS, ; WATCHES, Jewtlijl 1 '! Vrc. Cutl.-rv. Shhii. Ac.. Jtc. "S - ITERS ASKA CITT, 2J. T. Tni!Rvin; ati'l I;kp.vik n(; '4. tif on birt l-.iri' f il'l .tl.l. WHKK WKNTMV A. D. KIRK, AUoraDjT at , Lw, Lautl Ageat and IVotarj; I'Kbllc. 'Jlrchtr Kiel a-lion (,'o.,.X. T. - W"tU .raclii- ih' nu- -:..urt? .f Nchraska. vwitrtl JACOB SJlt UIW, r , Att)r;i;y ami 0.uiLsi'llor . t ; ; Lnv. '.JEXEU.Cl INSCliA.VCE AND LANJ AliENT, ' And Notary Public. 3 ' IEJ3EASKA CiTr, ! T. to I re. vu bras ksi Territory and Wutl- rn ;W. P. LOAN7. 1 ATTOKNEY "AT " LAW- LOT AND LAND AGENT. -r 17 -.fee to. Pre-- "rprn FS. UUREM H & CO., 1 1 ;lttorasj:s;at::Lar,,: - itEAL TSTATB XTIOEEIIS, . oiiAHA'CTY.(ir..T. ; yxriM. 'i'-f.; rticuiiT-itlciitiiiti .rejariD-r :.tl V the ocJt--uy jvf. rM-rr--iiti Jii'Mi-. tin .-j-inleriu my iiim wh'u-h m iy rcjuir-l .y iVc-cin .t.rsiii i'.riviii!fu;i their l"rtf-vttili nght t th, C. S.' I.-mmI !S : V - :' -" 1. K. UAK1N. ". C. KlMH.irUU R. V. roOMEK HA-.D Hj, K!?.'30UGil . CO., IIAT6, CAiVS &-STHAW GOODS. ST. LOUIS, .MO: . i'articul. 1 uicntitui ai.l t naiiufacturii4: ur iiier-i .vl..l i I ;'.". .. . . . - J. HART SOI ill! 0 -61 Keen Twiistantl j -rri hand .ilHeaeriptioiiol !Iartiesf. X. I'. Every a ii ! MKiur iiiJi'-.-'ii niiiari,urci br .Mirw l-e ,ti.iL;imiatiHi i. ru . titiwin'i - iiKAL" ESTATE AGENCY. GEimtiK CLVKS. " ' J. W. i.EE. Clayca cfis Xjoo-' Ro.il Eitite and Gimr.ii AgL'uey. OLI AH A CITY", II. T. JtLTEX TO 1 . -lamer Wright. l!r.kt r, . ... Xcw Vrk Wm. A.W.Ml.U.Kfi. ' - " ll.m. " l;. Wti.nl. hv'i,. ' Ohio, . CletiLiiid, Wikti. Oi'n-i.1 iilII. liancrs, "t i , AKrtitl K fliTti.lt,- . .. Cu1.1U.1m.ti Cam jiK.lt,, . , St. l-tuiK. .. Jaini'!" IJiilwny. K-q. ' CniMf.Tii iihI SarkfM. 'Cl i.-agi-. Oini'-n t'i'y. Ahz..10. IR.'iS. rtnU-l . . . i 1 II f. B K.S.N KIT, J. t. il'lKTUS, h. H. II Kll M. BENNET. IVIORTON HARDING ATTORNEYS T AT LAW, XdbratAa Cify,'X. T.,und G.tfooJ, Iu. tllt.I. irnc;if(.-iu all thC uriMif Xet'rasVn ai d VVtiirii luwa, I'artivitljii tlt-iii t, nid 1 ulitaiaiug. lo-at luul Varr.in!.r,iHl cullectii t. tS IIFFEI KXCI- : lUn.Iiwl Cass. IliHf.it. -; ; ' uliu- l. Morten, - . "H'""65,n ' lnv. Imi-I A. Xlrttiei-oii. S jiringft-M. Ill I'mv.-I; AV. liriuiBf Ciiy.Jown; ' . V. Kifil.t.St f.ui-.M...: -;ll.u. !iel ll-.MMoB.Tflfa; Chio !-- . 1. A. S-trpT. U 'tl-viie.XfbmVii- Sc'lffi'-h Wa1kir.niiii.jr. .tit: ' t. . cruiNi.i ... th c.Tt kit. Altarr.eys.aJ.Liir Si Ueal.EsUteiAenLS, . - - . : CSV HA CITY, Tf . T-, 1 j, : t---:. T7!!.Lcttfd i;hfullvn.i rTi'mrJlr t-1lhnfi .V rnfnt-1-ert Ur -ch -,-ii tbTTrit ri I trr Iowa Cnirtf. to th- purrhiuf f J,.t5 a nd Und, - trrie mid nre-mrti'-ns. collectii vr. Kt. Onie'e in thr mcobo tory r tnTjt: lnotiiew Hnjldini. Tiar!T irrisiir'tbe esteni" hxchai r '!. 27, lSr.l vliil.tf ,c DR. J. L. rcJCEE.... 1 : 2 Xr"5T 13 ZCZ AST SU KG E0AN D E NTIS'r!. :i :BnwnviIle; N:?T.S v TErTH rLtpnCD-HXB riLLED Ih .TnXMOSF . ATPBOVXP" MASKXJU ' -ilaj It, 1357. , 4H Aricflltnre, The 'Osage Orange. . Fi-cta.tha Countiy Centleaun. j Prof. J. II Turner, of Illinois, to whom lie whole country so larg-tly indthttd for the introduction of the Ooage Orange as a Iltdge plant, Las kindly . furniahtd the followins itterestiug and valuable re marks, iu ref Jys to the . stveral inquiries ivhich du" readi.w s6 often make, in rela tion to thi htdire, und thty fully accord with the limit.tc observation and uperi iiients which tvtv hare -tuade in thtnaore eastern portions of the Union. J. J. TncftcAfw.. Hs. lu rtply to your inquiries 1 would t-ay that Ihave watchtd with 'tauch .Merest, the prospects and pro press of hedges iu the West for tome years past. , For.r. ore than twenty years 1 have Letn fully convinctd that with us on the prairies, there was, no poisille al ternative, and that we must hedge with something, for we have 4iO stone, and in n.any places no. Lalf timher enough to keep up our buildings and railroads, to say notLitig of ftnoing; and as to herding stock where hundrtds of thousands of of cattle and swine .must pais through ;he country in all directions, every year, and almost every moi th in the year, on their way to the gnat markets, or to the dalrs, it would si.u to be aburd. What would protect crops against the lan, and gaunt, -ertarving-droves of ihooe Mexican rangefsV who ''omttimes pass through these regions with one or. two thousand of. these lean kine , iu a singL drovt ? A man may well lless Lis stars in such conditions, if . he is able to keep his corn, 'hay and fruit, when linked ipmLi.larn or cil!ar, to tay nothing o; leaving it all out cn the put lie cuii rn -n. And though our own citizens ar-. with scarce a single tXi:eption, hone&t ai.d ijpright mfu,s4ill if a man can now ket p thes hosts nnd troi ps of foreign eini rrrants, movtrs. and droyirj,from tiaring down a t.n rail fence md driving throutrh hisnVlds, at any rate, he will do wtll. Tor thse, ai:d similar reasons, I have deemed hidginrr with us iudispeusalle, and have made many tfforts t, in traduce it ; and after ..omLun y ars ex perim nt and, trial in. our i arly history. 1 Vecanie :a-Ufi d fully, tl at. the Cage 'Or ange w-as the best and "only plant that in thin j lace we.coii!d,profiially.useJ.',,l ac-cordifcrly.wru'.T- niid pul ii.-h d on the si L Tt in the Pririe.Faruin-.r.Tatt'nt'OiT:-.-! II ; rp. rn 'o.;h. r ttir rs p-ni 'i' f--; sreJ,-r?ust i . plcr.ta 1 cth' 'fcr n.y.U an.1 j far ;! 4r"3, hni-r d a.li mV own lands atidi irrounds, and Jurnisbed plants and steds t my brothers and personal friends, while t e big pull V stili ridicnl. d the enter- rrise Ej a-n;orusmultirai hs'ipt culation, iin3 would bt.v ueither rlants nor!std. Th result is. that on! Uie: place where I n-iw'live, I haveitio othe r.fi uce wt atev- r t tt the hedge, Vxc ptaiound my I arn vards, arwl l ave not buidlfiar, years. My fruitier, Mr. A v. ry Turnf r,of Qitincy, al o ba the h dge on his farm mostly or vh lly. and gtvd hrdges are now quit a.-y to be found, and "poor ones too. A snia.l farm of one hundh d and twenty acn-s, lvinr t n miles from this, I htdged bffore I sohl it, all in twtnty acre lots; another farm, southwest, jjf . SCO acres, 1 hf iran to hedge into eighty arre lots, but sld it before i. was comphted. Ihave al.-o made a mile or two of htdeon Gov. Duncan's grounds, and the Illinois Col li ge ground-, immediately joining r n ar to my own hom-sttad. Ttiis 1 did for the sa e of improving mv own place, in part. I i ave also sold latterly, from one to two millions of the plants to irrvr customers an ni:allv for jome vears nut. mostly in his-'vicinity. Git--some in almost txen' -'7 i J State in the Union ; and ihall si 11 about e same quantity this-' spring, mostly to old ruotomers, or in their neighborhood. and at the same old prices intpiteof hard imes. ' 1. Itot:ght to take four years on good rich prairie land, ' and no more, to make a rood stock he dge; -on I arren or poorer Hand, of course it would take proportionably longer, unless manure was us d. 2. In ray opinion, common farm hedges should never beelipp d ut all. at 4east no-? thing more than to cut lack overgrown shoot Si oe veil the growth, till it is three. or at 1 ast two years old as the way is t hegm at the bottom and the hrst thing to le fnnntd is a vigorous romt. and for tl.is end. of course the less xlippinrr th etter! - Then cut down to the gTou; d, cut oftr n, ntjd form the hndge in n single year.' beginning in early fpr ng. ' : - 3. SI oots will generally grew frcm 4 to G feet loner if not cut s-cmetimes more, when the soil is good. : 1 " 4. As to the proportion that proves sue cef sful, Tsliould think it arout in the pro portion to the orchards that have proved successful in the West and your own at tirle and remarks, in the Annual Reciter for 57. pasre 355, most clearly ets forth. H e sad Tact still is.: that there i not more than aboct one man in 'ten that will raise any cropwlate-verthe majority-will not have more than iwo-thirds or ne-half a crcp of :anythinr, if.it is ppsUle:to '-blunder oar of it." Hence, if land that would easily produce 10Q bushels -of forn to the acre, is made to produce 40, it does very well. Just so. some get half h dge or half an trrcbTt'd:' or no he dge or.no orcha-d at all for it so hiippens" that half a h'dsre or half an orchard, epf cially if it is the lower half that is missing, is neither so useful nor so -salealle in the market as half a crop of com. But our good farmers have hedges that I am not ashamed to show against any fence, or turn any stock- ia the world, not except- ing thtvish town-loys.vand thishelps-an orchard, or rather its owner won erfully. o. I suppose the actual cot cf a good J stock hfdge, on good latid. at the rate we now st 11 plants, ought not toexcetd fifty cents per rod, if made by the fanner hun- self. But a mad off the ground1 cannot niike it so cheaply ty -nearly one-half: At Ji ast 1 would, much rather make two rods of hedge on my own grounds, than one rod on another man's even if not more thana single mile, or even half a mile distant.. For the troulle of keeping watch of it, and getting uri a team and going to it, is more than all . the other work o be done he&ruu tLTeThere, if but for a thort piece a mile or less. C. The late severe winters have not injured our he dges here at all. Last win ter thousands and millions of young setd ling plants were destroyed' in the nurse ry, as in such se asons" they are always li ableto be. Hence w6 always 'ake up ours iu the fall, so far as we Can, and se cure thm in the plant-houses; and it is impossible to be certain of good plants, though th y may appear well in the spring, without this car , for the seedling plants fare quite apt to be injured in severe win urs, more or less, ai.d the injury is not al ways percep'i1 le, even f y the lest judg es, till after thty are in the hedge-row; and purchasing sUch plants has, perhaps, more than any one cause,' covered the country in places with broken, w-;rthlf-is hedges.- Tviii e in the last fifteen T ars, I have delivertd, some such injured out standing plants myself, w;itbout knowing" it till too late, and had the ra all to supply again the next sprinc. Thegrj at drought also made sad work in Hitching many pieces of nw-st t hedge where the plants were gootl, in 1854. - From the above and similar causes, in riding through the country. one will see a rrtat many specimens if worthless, un sijhtly h dge?, and is more apt to see thtm, unfortunattly. pn the great rail nads and thoroughfare's than anywhere else. " For preci e!y hfrp those damaged plants are most easily lawktd about, and soldih-ap; and rat drovps of stock are most likely to range and try the work of ear less hands and neglected fences- Be sides those professional ludge-n.akers, who do not always know a plow from a hoe w hi n they commence lhtir pen-gri-nations out of the cities andjowns, to set "si-perb htxlgeV f or. thV farmers, for two wn the first var, these Ji r 1 U tnr& corivtmeaLto ccnJuct tneir H' r.r trn-T;ii!ro3.d-5. which thev . .... . t:Mu'.iy.c:mp!tt( d as soon ..as thit first. pr - coiid ravin nt was made, and dc camp t d for jarts unknown,. U aving the he-dg-es and iheirowiu rs to take care of them selves; and the latter generally found their profession.!)! dge was worth no fur thtr care , for themselves than to. try to plow rr gn.b it i p, wLich is not ,to ia.ily done; for this, Ooajre Orange when once ttt out, insists that it has a right to nike a h dge anyhow, even if not niartr together. than! once in ten rods, aiid..3"ou, inay .cut; it, as, much as you phase, and it still persists in iu right to 1 ixe and n ake a f nte. , But aide frm thes casualties. I have never iu all my experience or knowedge, kn iwn a plant more than twoyi ars old, or after its se cond winter's growth, to be killtd with cold here, or any other cause, though the.. thermometer has l.een some- srmetimes 5 dt grees below zerooften 20 very ofttn 10 degrees W low zero: and pi ach trees six inches, through, and grapi vines, and many common apple trees of good size, have., been killtd in my grounds, side ly side with the : hedge, mite to the ground. In severe winters. the tops of the hedges are always killed down more or less. 1 xat the root never so far; and all the killing of the. top has on ly ainotinttd in practice here to the sav ing of one good spring's pruning. The first plant tver brought into this country, seme twenty yt ars ago, is still alive in my front -ard; and my oldest h uges are decidedly the lest on the. place; and the tame is true of my brother's .in Quincy, I ut further north I, have 1 arucd that the plants were last winter killtd out so lad jy.iii some - laces in the. young two year old hi dges, tharit.has discouraged the ir ovner." I think unwisely -for in other places still further north, I ! am they have stood well; and I inns? think the er- . ror, where th y were kill d. out, consisted iu too late culture, in the lau: resioes.u is birdly prolal fe ihat we shall hare anoth er winter combinini to .many peculiar causes of destruction as the last, perhaps in a whole century; and he that abandons a Vf.uhtr hedge, or a wheat crp, or; any thiJEg ihe, if : jiec df id en his place, frcm one unfortunate winti r, is unwise, espe cially it there is rood n ason to think. that some error in culture causfd the catas trophe. But I cannot, of course, and will not sprak with "any positiveness about either soils or climate, or anything else not immtdiaitly within, the range of ;my own personal experience. - '.... vv .: But' if I .were- to 'Purchase a larm ipr .. .... .. -- - - ........... . . niy;t;ii, :e-u nines iiuiiii ui lui .i . ,-r t u lt" arn Ml .' "1.t." V.ij m-w first etiort wouia te. as it ever nas wtu wtre, to lit dsre -it; And -if the - croundAvas dry aVd w'afm I litlieve 1 .'should sixceed jj if noCI know J shcnld. fad, nil trade io by drairijge.'.Birt'iam of the opinion that there may be many :places on the poor sandy . and gravt lly soils of the north, and aso on the low and wet scils further, south where' it will not Tay to attempt this hedrre. On'tur swampy and, wtt lans and swails here, it will not do with out thoroiigh"drainin5.qrdykeing, sons lo make a good, dry corn.soiL . I 7. The only" hedge I ': have erer had lilkd down was' birrned down. xnder a lurcicg building, Hvhich fent -Jthe sre-id. from one to two feet deep, almost into brick dust. But after -all. the roots of tht hedge came up through, and that, same piecH is now a eood .hedge. Burning off stubble and killing the .tp in that way, or burning prairie grass, only makes it grow toe thicker and better, and some trim their hedges only Lv such baruinjr down, 1 am told, in the south, as the old stocks will stand till the new shoots come up again to their relitf. , 1 bt litre 1 have now, my dear fir, an swertd all your questons in order as pro posed, according to the best of my kaowl tdge; and I am not aware of being under any particular Lias in the, matter, for in "sttad of deiiring to extend my opera tions in the htdging business, I would prefer, as things now are, to contract it, and have sold out all my farms with the intention of so doing,. as far and as fast as I can find it expedient and practicable. If anything further is desired, I would most cheerfully give you all the informa tion in my- powc-r, as soon as time and oth er duties will permit. . - Allow me also to say that I have seen and felt in this htdge business of the west as well as with all other farming inter est?, such great and urgent need of a sys ttnl of State-institutions, similar to those proposed in Hon. Mr. Morrill's bill, now pending in Congress, thatl have devoted most oi my spare time for some years, to that great national object, as the Report herewith sent xvili show, and I hope your time anU talents are not soiully employ ed, but that you will find time to give this great interest an effective helping hand. J. B. TURNER. 1; Jackscj-villx, III.', Feb. 1. 38. From tte Country Gntleman. J Culture of Ceierj. SlEssas.ELiToas. Since my article on "Preserving CeUry in the U'inter,1" appeared imhe "Country Gentlemau" of January the 7th, I have received a num ber of letters making inquiries relative to our mode of cultivation individual replies-would be out of the question. I again avail myself of the benefit of your columns to reply to one and all. The system 1 Will attempt to describe, is that generally adopted I y market gar deners in this vicinity, but which can ea sily, be modified to suit any private gar deuVno'matter.howsrLall. 'Iu raising the plauta we prepare a lev el piece, of .ground, in the.bt-st pos-sible luanne'r,' I y aj plying' a hbt ral coating ' shim, rotud italic iuanure,and repeatid ly plowing and 'harrowing until "it is thoroughly mixed with the! soil. Then about the first of Apr.l, after having it finely raked to free it f rem all inequalnh?, we mark the lines out' with the "dra" "7 or ''marker," nine inches apart; in these we tow the seed rather thinly, as by coming, up too thick the plants would bt rendered weak. As soon as the set d germinate xve stir the ground between the tows, weeding the plants, "and thin ning out where, they have come up too thick. By this attention, I y the first of J u.y.w'e have fine luxuriant plants firfor transplanting: into the open fit Id much better than those raised by being sown in hot-beds and j.icki dout previous to plant ing, as frequently numbers of those rais ed in hot-beds will run up to seed and are consequently worthless. , As we ,iuvanally make celery a sec ond crop after cabl age, onions, or beets, which have been heavily manurtd in lhe spring, we rarely find it necessary to ma nure specially lor celery, but when we- do, we manure the whole ground, and not in the rows only, which is too often done. The reason of this is apparent to any one who will ( bserve , thai the roots of the plant will mat. when well : grown in the rows, when planted four feet apart. , ' Our spring crops get cleared of! in suc cession through the month of July, and as soon as the v are moved the rround i plowed and harrowed until well pulver ized. Iheu for what we want for fall use, we plant four feet apart, it requiring lobe lanked up, and five or six inches between the plants, on the surface of the ground, having long ago, discarded the old plan of plautiug iu trenches, which is oljec tiotiable;by the plants being under the gen eral surface oLthe ground, they .are more liable in rain storms tale sanded up in the hearts, which'" impedes the growth, and sometimes, before it is removed kills the plants..-, v; ':-j .j I For what we want for winder and spring use, we only plant three feet apart, and the same djstanceLetyen the . plants as the others. In-ejzhuor ten days after planting, we appty "the "harrow-toothed culiivator between the rows aiid stiupth". ground between the plants with tuehaud. to keep down the weeds until .the c lery is large enough jo shade the ground. 'After the celery is about half grown say from the middle of August to middle of September, 'We begin to draw a little earth to it on each side, so as to make the plants incline t6,&a , upright position.. Thlrdohe,' we" commence" whit" w'e term "handling. that which we want for early use; this process, .is limply io hold each plant slightly ."with' one' hand and press the Tarth around; with the other;" so as still more to keep-it-ihJ aJ close and oprighr i v tr. .e"L.' sill i.L growm. e men uraw more tanaio it with the hoe or plow; to hold itin this po sition. The banling"' process may take place at any time "in September, two or three weeks before it ' is wanted for use In October it will require a third longer time. The hanking is done by dis-jrinz out the earth in the center between the rows, and applying it neatly on each side of the row of celery up to the tops, so as tr TDVP'Jtn TTTll !'tria l-YfTKl1 fV is- Atwntn tea.- ,:'-'', - r" - - For that which we grow for winter use no" further work is ntce:ary cn ir after the first handling prccesu, until it is dug up to be put away for winter use cur system of which I have already described in a previous number cf "Country Gtn tleman." It is a common practice to t arth up all the Cilery before it is put away n winter quarters; I u: this is not only use less but positively injurious, as it rots u.uih quicker if blanched before putting away in the trenchts. . About the rarities Vest to Ci.ltivnte, there Is much difference of opinion, and we have new sorts sent out eve ry season, each and all claiming to be solid.- Novr- our cxpe perience in cultivating jeme five cr six different sorts, leads us to the bt lit f that the solidity or hollowness cf any variety is mainly caused by the nature of the soil on which it is planttd. . The ground cn which my celery is grown, represents three distinct varieties of soil -namely a stiff clay ty h am, a sandy loam, and a Hack alluvialdcpo.it, all highly enriched by manure. On the black leafy soil, we have Celery of fine size but invariably hollow; on the sandy lcam we have it of fair size and a fair degree of solidily, but on the clayey loam we have it of extra size and perfectly solid. All the plants on these several soila being from one setd-bed containing only cue variety, the Tesults have been invariatly the tame in seven or tight seasons, and the sorts being repeatedly chansid dur ing that time, From these facts it will be seen, when we have a choire, we pre ftr heavy loam with a clayey subsoil, as best adaj ted for the growth of this vt ge-; tane. as giving u wuu more suiiuny, a better flavor, and being more conductive to winter kttpirg. 1E1ER HENDERSON. T. S. In r. ply to F. S." who seems to think that an error has been made iu the statement that fifteen thousand per xveek isour average sales, a Haw me to say that this is correct: ; We grow tcme thirteen or fourte-i u acres, each acre con taining 30,000, aud our average time ti selling is sixteen weeks; ytt Te are by no means the largest growers of that ve g etable nere. There are several others who grow nearly doulle that quantity. Gnat quantities of this; and stveral oth er kinds of veg. tables,' are shijpid frtm New York to the adactut .cities and country towns. . .. . , ... ... .. u i. it e i A few caulitlowerj tiicu'J Ir, lya'Ij m'. ans, town in the -hotl tc. They are one of the gn atest luxuries as a vi gtta l le that is grown. A hundred plants w ill be a good supply for a private lamiiy. The secret ot success is a highly manur td ?pot of ground, dttply sfadtd. Per haps, the simplest vay to perform this, is to open a trt nch as for cilery, one foot deep and wide; fill in at hast six inches of well rotttd manure, :padmg the :aiuc up to incorporate it with the sen ; plant two fett apart, and it more than one in a row, three fett in each row. In all dry spells, give a thorough scaking of water working some of the soil down alter, to prevent the rapid e vaporation of the mois ture ly hot tun. Constant cultivation du ring the summer with the hoe is a gTeat help to th m, and most sensibly felt ii pt r formtd while thedewiocu. This hold good with all the Brassica or cabbage tribe, to much so that a fint growth has been known to result from it without manure from ground that would otherwise produce nothing, it cropp d with those rank feeders. The more we hoe," the more we grow.' Is an old garden distich that thould nev er be lost sight of ly those who would i x cel in the growth of kitchen garden pro duce. Many fail to obtain cauhhWer from their not always heading iu Ltfort frosts; 'when this is the ..-ase, it might be advantageous to state that if they art lifted roots-and all, and placed in the cel lar, the flower will come during the early part of winter, and thus produce a cauis me dainty that an epicure might be proud of. The cauliflower may he said to be a superior sort of .brDcoli, being when web grown of snowy whiteness, and as tender as asparagus uhen properly cooked. Emery's Journal of JJgrici.lt ure. 4 ? Grape Tines Suitable for tlieTinerj 1 Those who have no more room than they know, what to do with bad better not wade too det p in the. matte r of variety. as after all quite a number of the kinds. after you have selecti u half a dozm, are little more than a variety that is; that number contains the cr. am of the lot, ai.d qune sumciei.i iot ene aroauur. ror market purposes, where profit is cf par amount importance,-tins list may agaiu It- reduced down to jwo. which are Black Hamburg and Chaise las FontaiuHt au. Of all the fort ign grapes, Black Ham burg is the one to most reJy cn. If twelve vines would. plant a .house, at; least six should be of this kma-- . ... . The best six are Old Black Hamb urg Chasselas Fontainbleau, Malvasia. Griz zly -Frohtignan, Black Prince and Muscat of .Alexandria.:. ..:;.:: .:. ; r : . Fcr twelve, - add Victoria Hamhurirh. Muscat, Blanc, Hatif. West's St, Peter'e, Zinfindal. White Froctignan and'Charles worths Tokay." - ; One plant each cf the varieties, excep ing the Hamburg's is sufficient to rive a change in the desert, so that for main re liance use Victoria and Old Black Ham burg. Emery's Journal of JUgriciilinTt. ; Several clergymen ia Ohio have re cently resigned their charges, for -the ajT058 Ql eaigratjn ta.Kansci ...... Hnrjsnrlr.13 Gr-isscr Millet, MrsiEs. EriTor.! I ee in ycurIaa. number an inquiry Icr the best substitute fur haj whether green cats, green ccrn, millet, fee, cr carrots, cr ether rest creps, or tab! age are the best substituted It is my crimen that lhe Hurgarian Grats iked rs-far preferable to either cf the ar ticles r.amtd alove. Ti.atai.ykir.d cf lai.d that will raise gocd corn cr cats, trill raise gocd Hui:giri2n xrms. ai.d ca Uzd that, will iaise lrci CO to 10 luihtls j:tr acre, will raise frcm tine to five tens per acre. It has been grown here in the wc-tt at the rate cf SwVeu tc::s per acre. Vvt.cn it grewsfrem three to' fire tens per acre, it w ill turn cut lrcrn thirty to fifty lushels seed per acre. iJne luiltl cf seed u-ill le sufLcien: o sew three teres. At tiis place it b nevr stliir. for S.3 ptr bushel frcm cur seed uteres. I, however, bot.ht five lushels frcrn a country wc gen last weft for twflve dollars, weirhirg fully fifty pound lo the buihtl. Tho grctitd ihculd be prt pared the sanr? as fcr scr? iugoats, and be sown frcn tht first to th? last of May, and it will thtab? ready to cut right alter crt harvvit. If cut for hay it mnst' be cct.wita Li I loom, aud a! uut the time the lower leaves cr I lades . begin to turn yt How. -If ixX fur sted, it hcu!d be cut when the ttrd is in a thick doughty state, and then bcd in shtavts'the same as whrrt," vrtizh makes it much mere ccrrrtnieLt for thresh-. icg in a mnchine. The seed is cf zn dly nanre, aciherses cr cattle -.trill eat tie seed before com or cats, and ths hay b fore .;, ST;j riorpT. tj leeil ftd oa graia d tilT hi? t tinsr cLan?td t0 one-half the rmin rA this hay, hccn to irntrcre iredtattly in flesh, and their cccts mere ilstk,R2d shiny. Cattle will do very well ca this hay after the seed is threshed cut."- The grass ias good roots, . grows detp in 'the cround. atd will stand dry stasens izuCh Ye ur than auy. other. k nd cf pass..- Th? ' driest iCa.eti in the "iV'est will net aal: the grass wilt in' the middle cf lhe day, After the gra?s is mown, ir ralisprciircr sucker up very thick, end vtill probably make much more pasture than tirncthyjir clever, after being mown during the snn me r and fall. It will nut stand thej win ter and must be -sown' annually I'shill tiow al out fifteen acres the ccmh2gsfat:h and shall thn be better able to-lest :th t.al ity ct -I, :t timcthy hay sells fcr t:n c c ! n. tie I.jv tf tho IIjr."i:.-n .r? j r .s -' H.v . :s fr: mllt?tn(-?5 7-rt:;:. - s. r. Eii.:-.L:nDE.-;.t Q riser. Iliinoi. . Although cur correspondent proncracr es the Hungarian grass tuperior to MU let. we suspect he has never seen, the lat ter plant cultivated binder its prcper nam-2, forwe can a.sure him that ' the Hungari an grass is identical' with the-German millet. It is a valualle forcge plant. ju;4 eipf cially adaj tt d to to the light rich soils ol lhe rrairi s, where en nuous crcrs tc it were grown the past yearJ .' Profits cf Farnilr?. - At the late meeting of the On'ario Agricultural Society. thy awarded the. first pn mit.m on farms to Mr. Paul I Bill; of Seneca, N.- Y. The Committee who awarded the priz', say ' When they take into confide ration ihut Mr. Bill rui cha-cd his farm rf sevt My acres, fcr 3 0C0, went into dlt -for arly the full amcunt, and that he has paid cfl'.tljitdtl t trrrn the actual prccetds cf the larm, and that the condition of the farm has been all the time improving; they looli upon tnrse rjret instances as a very air test of good managing nt, iarl therefore fei 1 fully juuifitu in. .awarding :m Sh Bill the fir.t prcniium." lie 1 as nut cr- ly paid for the farm, I ut greatly( improve (J ii ly underdrammg, the ri n.oval of stcne" &lc. aiidericted a substantial larn. ar.3 11 from the proceeds of the farm itself What he. las done, any other man i equal energy and ittell gmce may d. The farm has be e ii all the time "imYove- in g. "That's the doctrine.1" ' Uhrrefira- I le farming deteriorates the Talue cf ili? farm, while, profitalle farming arnprcves it. CoviJry Gtt.ilrvian. . .. . . , mf . . i. ... - aiu J i I - Farmers would do we 11 tapayrfwrc at-' trntion tx lhe culture cf lhe Pttu.' Frccx wlat ixperier.ee we. tare had they. ars rrofital le to raise. 'We- hare grown sixty 1 u.h Is per acre and down to thirty; ha.vs rai. t d the m with a I ug in vvpry peavand rv ry p a without a bug; if bugs' areail ud sow early, if rtot ?cw ;in Jcne.xdcnrt them in four inches fdecp, . harrow wtj-V and whf n ih y are fit to cut, take a, horse rake when the dew 'is cn, and rake then up; j'njs ly the wirrrow foitfTeef lefore, eirpryiriir the rake; that will leaver tzzz rakeful by irself; takea fork and put then" into small, round hunches, one fake.ful fa: each, turn over ence a day until dry." We do not know any name for the pea thaiwj raLe. They have;, a .bluish clook;; .wh?3; ripe, are pet tally, are .good as. green peas, or "are" good to cook dry; haTeseer them split and hulled for, sal? hr'Netf York. We have never scld anyrrliave al ways fed them W't6gs'-thin2. thy-tsy better than corn. ' 1 : ' An Excellent person, z Ths prcprie t :rs cf an -efihShitsi't 1? Cincinnati, as:igr:sd'" their TzztzrJ 'l.'' they wish to do a cash tasinss,Li following among ethers: ' " Our temper is cot suSIraesUy citi ii? take. pleasantly all the insular xVrcdci? the presentation ;cf bill. n;.r2 t1t A,-.. ... ... . ............ .
