TUE PEOPLE Of TIIE
ALONE HÄVE THE
NNB MORAL RIGI1T TO DECLARE WAR
From The New York
,TO THE CONÖRESS OF
TUE UNITED STATES:
The pcople of the United
Sutfa are strongly opposed to
war.
So are the majority of you,
v no rcpresent the people.
And yct we stand tiptos oa
uie brink ot war,
Senators and Rcpresentatives
shall we teil you .WHY the
country Stands on the crumbl
liif? edge of this abyss of war?
lt is becanse YOU have not
been faithful to your oaths to
imtinlt iU. ClU..!.: it..
iiytiviu. nie vuii3Ui.uuuii fJi inq
United States.
Senators and Rcoreseatativcs,
that is a hard saying, but it is
absolutely truc.
The wbole world knowsthat
our dispute .with the German
Government is over two radicar-
ly different interpretations o
international law.
The Government of Germany
... wnnum niii a binp tarryjny
cannon and cunners is an arm
ed ship, and that it ean be law-
fully sunk without warninsr.
Our Department of State
contends that a.ship carrying
cannon and gunners declared to
bc lor nse in defense is not an
armed ship and that to sink it
without warnin? is an offense
agfainst the law of nations.
. We all know that submarine
vvarfare is a new thing, concera
ing which there have been no
sntecedent agreements . or de-
unition of international law.
Thereforj;, when this war bc
gan to develop the use of sut
marines to destroy enemy corn
rnerce, it was necessary that
our Government define what
uses of the submarine woum
constitute an offense against
the law of nations and what
uses would not be offenses
against the law of nations, in
the opinion of the United
dtates.
1 If the Government of the
United States defined the sink-
ing, without warning and visit,
of a ship carrying defensive
armaraent to be an offense
sgainst the law of nations, then
each case of that kind would
become a cause of war.
If the Government of the
United States defined a ship
carrying cannon and gunners
for defense or offense to be an
armed ship, then no case in
which such a ship was sunk by
a submarine without warning
would be a cause of war.
That clearly and accurately
states the Situation, does it not?
Mr. Secretary Lansing first
notmed all the beligerents that
our Government was inclined to
hold that a ship carrying arma
ment was armed, and could be
lawfuily treated as an armed
ship by a submarine.
He subsequently revokeef this
clecision ana notinea tue oeiii
gerents that our Government
would hold a ship carrying
armament for defense only to
be an unarmed ship and would
consider her treatment as an
armed ship by a submarine to
be an offense against the law
of nations; and that the inci-
dental killing of any American
by such an unlawful sinking
would be an act ot piraey and
fclony on the high seas which
would cause our Government
to.break off diplomatic relations
and seek further redress in its
own way.
This also is a clear and ac
curate Statement of that Situa
tion, is it not?
You agree that it is,' do you
not?
Ur.,H iUcn ?. J T?.
i mti, ivuawo auu xvv
presentatives, we impeach you
hefore the high court of your
tun consciences, and Charge
ou beiore the higher and far
more atigust court of the people
of these United States, with
l aving openly disobeyed the
Constitution of the United
States, which you, every one,
swore lo obey and to uphold
when you took your scats in
the council chambers of the
Nation.
And we charge and affirm
that you have been derelict in
your dutv, imposed upon you
y the Constitution, and that
j ou have, unfaithfully to your
worn Obligation, permitted and
endorsed the unlawful exercise
I,y a department ofsicer of the
sole powers grantcd to you by
the Constitution, and to you
',i! . " I
.Vii'.I v.x charge and affirm
UNITED STATES
CONSTITUTIONAL
American, Feb. 1 4, 1 9 1 7
that our country js on the edge
of war over a definition of fe
lonies on the high seas and of
fenses against the law of na
tions unconstitutionally and un
lawfuily made by the usurpa
tion of your sole powers by, a
tabinet olhcer,. with your n
itgai ana unconstitutionai as-
sent.
For, Senators and Reprcsent
atives, if our fathers wrote any
grant or Prohibition of powers
cieariy mto our supreme Law,
they clearly commanded that
you, and - you alone, should
have the power or exercise the
povver to desinc what acts of a
submarine are and what are not
felonies on the high seas and
offenses against the law of na
tions.
Article I., Section 8, oara
graph 10 of .the Gonstitution
says:
"The CONGRESS shall have
power: ',
"To define and pünish pira-
cies and felonies committed on
the high seas and offenses
against the law of nations.'
And paragraph II, : continu-
mg, says :
"To declare war, grant let-
ters of marque and reprisal and
make rules concerning captures
on land and water.
Now, it , is impossible to
make language more explicit
tnan that
Who is commanded bv our
Supreme Law to define how a
submarine may attack a ship
and how it may not, and whe
ther a ship carying cannon is
an armed ship or not an armed
ship, and how it may and may
not De sunic without commit
ting a fclony on the high seas
or an offense against the law
ot nations f
The CONGRESS you. you
Senators , and Rcpresentatives.
And who has performed this
sovereign function of Govern
ment, solely confided by the
Constitution to your hands?
Why, Air. Secretary Lansins
has performed that sovereign
lunction. .
And where did he get his
authorization to perform a sole
lunction of the Kongress ?
From you?
No.
You could not lawfuily dele
gate that power to him jf you
tried to. The Constitution af-
fords you no method of strip-
pmg yourselves of the sole
authority it imposes in you and
means you shall solely exercise.
JNcituer could you lawfuily
acicgatc that power to : the
rresident nor to the Suoreme
Court. s
Mr. Lansing's notisication to
belligerents that our Govern
ment defined and would hold an
armed merchant ship to be an
armed ship under certain con-
ditions and an unarmed ship
under other conditions, and
would hold certain submarine
acts to be legal and others to
be offenses against the law of
nations, was a high-handed and
impeachable Usurpation of the
power conferred solely upon
yourselves, sittmg as the Con
gress of the United States. ,
And when you consent to
sucn a Usurpation ot your
powers you are laithless toyour
oaths to uphold and maintain
and obey the Constitution.
Consider, now, what has been
the result of this dereliction of
duty on your part, of this un
constitutionai transfer of your
authority and powers to a mere
department head a sort of hy
brid olhce created by the Con-
gress, with ill-defined powers
and, unfortunately, with a
streng tendency among those
who occupy it to usurp fun
tions of legislations as well as
of administratioa.'
Without any Mandate from
you, without even asking your
permission, Mr. Lansing has
assumed "to DEFINE and pun-
lsti piracies and felonies com
mitted on the high seas, and of
fenses against the law of na
tions," with the result that we
are face to face with war OVER
MR. LANSING'S DEFINI-
IONS. .
You, you who are the sole
repositories of the powers to
define offenses committed on
the; seas, as well as the only
brauch of our Government
which can lawfuily "resrulate
captures on land and sea," and
make war you have sat in
jjour clianilers unconsulted, un-
-&fArA n t .1 cä.l. . -
i . v. . rtiiu VlLil U 3 JII.Ll
weight in the scrious discus-
sions and decissons which have
been influencincr the n.itinn'a
destiny as the janitors who
sweep your natis.
You know. vour neonle are
opposed to Mr. Lansing's per
sistent policy of leadkg the
country up to war as one of
the allies because that is exact-
ly what Mr. Lansin? ha honed
to do and has striven to do
ever since he was made Secre
tary of State,
And yet you do not enforce
your people s will.
You have not even asserted-
your own nghts or protected
the dignity of the Congress.
Now, then, Senators and Rc
presentatives, you are that very
body of men whom our fathers
made a co-equal brauch of our
tripartite constitutional Gov
ernment, and endowed with cer
tain enumerated powers which
you are sworn to obey and to
maintain and to band down to
your successors unimpaired.
And each time you permit
cither of the other two brauch
es of the Government to usurp
vour authoritv and in vprri;
powers which the Constitution
expressiv COMMANDS YOU.
AND YOU ALONE, to exer
cise, you betray yourvtrust, im
peril our institutions . and
threaten the liberties of vrmr
children who are to be.
The natton has been dran-sred
slowlv toward entamrlcment in
this insane European war sole
ly because you have not in
sisted, and do not even now
insist, upon exercising your
rightful and -sole authority 'and
powers that vou are sworn to
exercise and commanded to
exercise by the supreme, fund
amental law of the land the
great Charter of I'ree Govern
ment which our fathers drew
up. for the protection of the
land and its liberties throutrh
the ages.
At this tremendous hour. Se
nators and Representatives. we
appeal to you in the name ol
tne wnole American people to
resume. manfnllv and resoltite-
ly, your rightful place in the
oovernment.
The President has comp tn
the end of his const itntinnal
authoritv with . th - dUmUcnl r,f
tne uerman Ambassador.
That far he had a nerfect
right to cro, and that is as far
as üe Has any right ät all to
T0.
rrom that m-oment the Con
stitution clothed vou. Senat
ors and Reoresentatives. with
the SOLE POWER to decide
what next shall be done you,
you, not Mr. Lansing nor even
Mr. Wilson, but you, TUE
CONGRESS.
Now. vou should do vour
duty to your people, like men
wno know neithcr fear of ene
mies abroad nor of dematroirues
at hörne.
And vour verv sirst anKietv.
and, indeed, your very hrst es-
lort. should bc to ascertain the
will of the American people.
ihe man who teils you that
the opinion of the country is
united is either a laiave or a
ool. and vou know it.
There is a wide division of
Public opinion.
shere are Amcncans who in
not believe that it is either
necessarv or sensible to invnlvp
the country in war with Ger
many.
Iherc are American who
think it u necessary and sen-
siDJe to go to war with Ger
many.
s Ihere are Amcncans who
think we have far mnre inet-
cause s of war with England
than with GerfTiäny.
shere are Amcncans who
think we have no cause of war
with England at all.
i There are American who
think that other Amcricans who
voluntarilv embark on bellice-
rent . ships and voyage into
danger zones have no claim at
all to be protected in thcirfool
hardiness. There are Amcricans who
woud have the countrv iro to
war over any American killed,
even when on board a belüge
rent shin. armed and carrvinf
. T j ---o
tons of ammunition for enemy
use.
There are Amcricans who
think that an armed shin
is an armed ship.
There are Amerkans who
ürofess to think that an armed
ship' is not an armed ship.
Now upon these ctuestions
'lantrs the issne of neaee nr
war. and since the COMMON
l EOrLE must be the nncs to
pay for the war, to fight the
war and to endure all the agou-
ics ot the war. it war !i:ini)ens.
we insist that the commo : nco- j
pie nave a ngiu to ba conauiieu
Tägliche Cmofiir TriCH nt
by you, who are their only rc
presentatives and their onlv
voicc, betör they are plunged
mto, war by any vote of yours:
Therefore. we most earnestlv
urge that you Senators and Rc
presentatives oruer a reieren
dum of tiiese ciuestions to the
people themselvcs, and that the
majority ot tne votes cast in
that election be considered
binding upon you when vou act
IN YOUR OFFICIAL CAPA
CITY upon the questions so
submitted to the people's de
cision. That you have the power to
go to the country for an expres
sion of the people's will is
beyond the question.
The Constitution ,both by im
plication and by direction, gives
you the power to Order and to
regulate elections of all kinds.
The Constitution also ex
pressly recognizes THE PEO
PLE as the fountain of all
power, including the power of
deciding to make war or peace.
The Tenth Amcndment reads :
"The rjowers not DELEGAT-
ED to the United States by the
Konstitution, nor prohibited by
it to the States, are reserved to
the States respectively, OR TO
liiu. yü.uJ-.Jt.. "
The Tenth Amendnient was
ratied in 1791, so that it is
practically an integral part of
the original Constitution.
The Declaration of Indenend-
ence and the Constitution . are
rightly canstrued to recognize
the inherent. inalienable rip-ht
of the American People to in-
struct their Government to do
the will of the people; and,
even in emercencies crave
enough tö justify such an ex
treme measure. to unite in Con
vention or, by : referendum to
change the forms and the per
sonnel of their Government a
sovereign right which will ne-
ver de exerciseu as long as
their rcpresentatives truly re
present them and maintain the
time-tried Constitution in its
original force. -
It has been ureed that ' the
Constitution nrescribes no form
of holding a referendum elec
tion. But that' is au isrnorant
objection.
Ihe Constitutional trrant of
POWER to the Concrress to
do any act : nrcsuDuoses the
power of Congress to prescribe
the method of performing the
Ct: and the. recoernitien of the
reserved sovereignty of the peo
ple presuppoi.es the right to
prescriDe a method ot ascertain
intr the sovereien will.
You have, Senators and Re
presentatives, the . undoubted
power to take the suffrages of
the American people as a guide
to your representative action
in this troubled and trying
time and we think that you
should do that verv thintr. both
to find sure guidance in your
own perplexities, and to exhibit
to a .world ueing slaughtcred
and wasted bv irovernmental
folly and wickedness a noble
cxampic ot what trec govern
ment and representative rule
can do for a free people.
If the pcople, by their bailots,
claim protection as peaceful
merchantmen; if they decide
that Amcricans who go abroad
and into dantrerzones mut he
protected even at the cost of
war; if they decide that this
nation should interfere in for
eign wars and prescribe the
rnethods by which belligerent
inav carrv on war: if thev de
cide that on these aecounts we
should declare war upon either
belligerent group why, then,
the voice of the " maioritv set-
tlcs those matters, and we will
all make ready for war and go
to war, united and willinsr to
fight our best.
And on the other band, if th
maioritv of the nconle sav naV
to these propositions, then we
should NOT declare war and
should " not insist upon the
"rules for captures" and the
DEFINfslONS of "felonies on
the high seas and offenses
acainst the law of nations"
which Mr. Lansing has formn-
latcd without any authority
whatsnpvpr nnd in dirort rlrrrv-
gation and IMPEACHABLE
ubUKt'AiiUA ot tue sole
functions of the Cotisrress of
the United States.
If the neonle of the United
States do not agree with Mr.
Lansing and by their votes say
that thev are averse to his un-!
authorized rules and definitions,
and that they are opposed to a
declaration of war against Ger
many on that score- wfiy, then.
the voice of the majority should
settle those matters in that
way, and you should refrain !
from hostile declaration and !
we should all keep the peace
together as wulmgly as wc
should all fight toprctlier if the
people s veruict was for war.
Senators and Rcpresentatives,
is not this good sense, true
patriotism and a right exercise
of your representative functions
which we now urge upon your
considcrationr
You come from the people.
vou are part of the people.
You are the rcpresentatives
of the people and the s,ervants
of the people.
Have you any moral right to
p hinge your people into this
oreaaiui and murderous war
without making SURE that
such is the will of the majority
of your people? -
Senators and Rcpresentatives,
there can be no possible need
of haste in declaring war upon
any country, especially Ger
many. We would, indeed, go into the
war just that much bester pre
pared if we used several weeks
in aiscussion ana in taxing
vote of the people.
We can see no possible objec
tion to your taking the vote of
the American people upon these
propositions.
And we can see, and we think
we have presented to you,
weighty and powers ul reasons
why you should take the vote
of your countrymen before you
put the nation in a state of war
Senators and Rcpresentatives,
there lies before you the noblest
opportunity to show the world
the force and " authority . and
benesicence of free government
that ever canae to any legislat
ive body in all the tide of time
You can, if you will, write
the most inomentous and the
most splendid chapter of human
history that has ever been writ-
ten since history began.
vor yourselves, vou can rcas
sume and emphasize the right
ful powers and dignity of vour
great assembly which have
been, must unfortunatelv,trench-
ed upon and abated by a sneces-
lon ot. rresidential encroach-
ments, extending over a period
of at least thirtv vears. and
which OUGHT TO BE, and
which must be, resisted and
nullied if free, representative
government under our Great
Charter is to maintain its vigor.
For your people, you can em
phasize, their inherent liberty to
govern themsclves and their im-
memorial and undoubted right
to express their will and to
have their will respected and
ibeyed by their pubhc servants
aud diesen rcpresentatives:
, For mankind, you can do an
immense service by holding p
to their gaze the fruitful and
benckcient results of free gov
ernment, which is, indeed, our
high and rightful mission in the
world.
And upon such a great deed,
so nobly and so usefully per
formed, you can indeed with
conüdence invoke the same con
siderate judgment of mankind
and the some approval of Div
ine Providence which our wise
and valiant fathers invoked up
on the declaration of our liber
ties and the firms establishment
of that Constitution which still
remains the Supreme Law of
the Republic and the most
glorious affirmation and protec
tion of orderly freedom that
aws ever devised by the wit of
any of the children of men.
May that God who guided
our fathers and our folk through
all the perils and vicissitudes
of our past, guide you, too, Se
nators and Rcpresentatives, in
this hour of perplexity and
danger to find the way in which
vour people can walk in honor
and in peace.
"Tlia Wave cf Patriotism".
The New York Call says: "In
America, withia a day or two of the
beglnnins of the pregent crlsls, Con
gress, with the people not look'ng,
did , wnat the people have rouht
against for years, that ts, passed au
Immigration biil with a literaey test
over the veto of the President. It
is safe to say that if it were not for
the crisis it would not have gone
through eo smoothly.
"And now. In the spasm of to-
called "patriotism," many other
thingt ar going to be done. Con
scription was in the wind. But the
crisis now makes lt vlrtually certain,
and the willions ot former Husslana
nd üermans and Austrians who
have come her to escape mllitary
service will have it forced upon thein
hei.
"The coustabulary was about to
be foisted upon the people. Certain
interests were slghting hard to get
sucn an Organisation. But .the
workers were solidly against it, and
the chanees of defeating it again
were vpry good. Hut now eornea a
war crisis, and with it comes a great
wavlng of flags; a rreat playing of
patrlotic antiiema, and. a if by
mngic. those thinac that peruin to
slghting become "patrlotie", no mat
ter what the clrcumstancM. And
the constabulary will be soldiers;
they will carry guns and ride horses
and so this proposed troop of trained
ßlrikebreaUers soniehow assumes a
warthil,' a patriotlc, aspect. . And
we, who are going to fight against
the establishment of the cossackt,
wilt be calied traitors and copp-r-
heads.
"lt U a ttaiure cf all war, and
of war tlmes. It is ono of tbo eroat
arguinenta aalust war. With war
come so many tliliigs that are bad,
mider tue guise ot iova of country!
Civil peace, müitary trainlng of
sunooi emiaren; stnluns police; on,
scrlption; suppression of every form
of freedom !
"In this grave hour those who are
fightlng for the butter day inust look
out; they must be careful that the
wave of "patriotism" does not engulf
everything that they have etnven
for for all these long, weary genenv
tions."
The "Consent of tlie
Coverneä" and Latin Amen'ca.
N. York saw a love feasc at the Na
tioual Arts Club, but it lest an un-
pleasant aftertaste. A score of Span-ish-Americans,
all distiuuished in
the literary arts of their cottntnes,
wcre'prese,1t und an equally impres
sive Company of North Amencans
was on hand to .jrcet them. Theo
dore Roosevelt, VVinston Churchill,
nanüin Garland, Ida M. 1 arbell, Ed
win Markham, Augutus Thomas and
two dozen other names which would
go as well on the outside cover of a
magazine were there to cemen the
literary enteilte cordiale. ,
We copy the following from a
Irihune report of the Meeting:
"The literary .'ellowship of Pan
America had been toasted so often
that nobody was thiuking of politics,
when at about 31 o'cloch Professor
Salomon de la öelva ot N'icaragua,
was presented by Cliaim-an Oarland.
It was announced that l'rofessor de
la Selva, an inätructor in ßpanisu at
Williams College, hat a few words
to add to the gencral sentiments of
the e venin g, Then tiie audience was
to liear Colcnel Roosevelt adopt a
hannony resolution and go home.
"A previoits Speaker reierred to my
country as 'little Nicaragua," " began
Professor de la Selva, and it wasn't
so much his words .. h'j tone that
caused a generat, sträightening in
chairs. The professor undoubtedly
was in earnest. My teeth gnashed
at these words!" he cuiitinued. "Ni
caragua may be small, in size, but it
is mighty in pride. A land is as iarge
as its thoughts are great; as large
as its nopes and aspirations. A pre
vious Speaker (Mr. Thomas) said
government s derive their just -powers
irom the consent of the troverned,
llirougn the United dtates rny coun
try is ruled by a government which
its people have not chosen.
Ine Speaker was making gestures
and looking right in the direction of
Colonel Roosevelt, who was leaning
forward in his chair taking in every
word.
Col. Roosevelt declared afterwards
taut the Speaker couldu't mean him.
üec.uise ne never did anythmg to
Nicaragua. But, perhaps, Professor
de la belva thougnt of Colombia just
as wen.
The treatment of Colombia. Xica
ragua and Mexico rankles in the
breast of all SpanLh-Americans. Yct
our prominent men think that a'few
nice words will suitice to molifv the
pronu lnnaoitams oi nese countnes.
No More Sums in Canada?
"Conscrilition is verv miirli ,r. tli
air in Canada just now, but whether
it is in the hearts of the people may
be greatly doubted," says the N. Y.
Eveningl'ost. "The Government has to
deal on the one .umd with n hnHu.nf
prominent and influential citizens.
wnicn lor montns past has been pres-siug-
for conscription. ün the other
hand. the Oovernnifnt i(! u.ll awirn
that large nunibers of Canadians
and not nierely the Province of Cjue
bec as is often unnnsfd ar fnn.
mentaily opposed to i. e idea of con-
cnpnon. .gain üir Kobalt thinks of
the Aitstralian referendum on con-
SCrilHiüll aild doilbtlv hp.ttntoe D,
cruiting, however, had b:en falling
off, and the conscription cry becom-
mg corresponaingiy louder. What
was the Government to do? Accord
ing to the Liberal theory it hit upon
the plan of national registration as a
wav out of the diliicult . TV li,r
and pacifist forecs of several citics
sei tnemscives directly to oppose the
registration plan. In Winnipeg on
three consecütive Sundays crowded
anti-registration Meetings were held.
The - strength jf tlus movement
showed itself in the rlrfinlt r,A r.
the Winnipeg trades and Labor
Uutncrt, one oi tlie largest in Canada,
against registration, The trades and
labor councils uf several other im
portant centres have liLpuit
demiied " the proposal and advised
their niembers not to recristnr
members of the Manitoba Legis
lature, one a Social-Democrat and the
other a Single-Taxer, have stated
pumiciy tnat liicy will ot register.
And, while their utterances have
given tisu to violent c-riri, i, nni
censure, it is incantestable that the
two members have behind them a
üouy ot opinion which cannot be en
tirely ignored."
German Diel Riivm
Paper Napkin Remind Hotel Cuestt
of Meatless Days.
London newspapers reiiort that
some German hotel proprietors are
trying to Kein their guests sorget the
meager fare plaeed before them by
bancliug them paper napkins upon
which is printed the following verse:
Montag, kocht man ohn Fett;
Dienstag, fleischlos, auch ganz nett;
Mittwoch, darfst du alles essen;
Donnerstag, das Kett vergessen;
Freitag, gibt es Fischgericht;
Schweinefleisch am Samstag nicht;
Sonntag hast du endlich Ruh;
Denn dann sind die Laeden zu.
As "roughly" translated by the
London papers, this verse runs as
follows in English:
Monriay, witliont any fat one must
rry;
Tuesday, no ineat! But we're not
going to cry;
Wednesday, just eat as in peace tim
yon st;
Tliuraday, all fat food you'd berter
sorget; t
Frlday, your appetite's tempted with
fish;
Xo pork upon Saturdaya seen in the
dlsh;
Sunday's the day for some tranquil
repose;
For then all the riealeis their food
hop will close,
Wie bfl Pit gniinit.
DaS (Zeriiincit des Bluks kann
on jcber fkiiicn Verwundung bc
ebachtet - werden oder noch besser,
wenn man ein paat Tropen des
edelsten Safts für sich in eine Scha
lk famntelt. Er trennt sich bald i
zwei verschiedene Bestandteile. T
i.i'ia ist hiiflii-h lltlh füllt halt
1.1,11. VW, IH'", "
in Körnern zn Boden, der anderk
bleibt flüssig und desivt eine nicht
gelbliche ffarbe. Jenen nennt man
den Blutkuchen, diesen mit einem
Jreiudwort dü , Serum. , Iüfolgc.,,
dieses Vorganges tritt die Verstop
sung einer Wunde ein und wird
weiterer Blutverlust verhindert.
Die geronnenen Teile deö BluteS
bilden eine Act von Pfropfen, der
die Wunde verschließt. Int einzel
nen ist der Verlauf des (ÄeriimenZ
zicntlich verwickelt. Es eiitsieht
nämlich im Blute ein neuer Stoff,
der int flüssigen Blut nicht vorhnn.
den war, das sogenannte Fibrin
oder, wie diese Bezeichnung sagt, ,
ein Faserstoff. Er besteht demge
mätz in sehr zarten Fasern oder
Fädchen, die sich miteinander Der
wickeln und so durch ihr , Gewicht
nach unten sinken. Auch der Blut
suchen, der so entsteht, ist nicht ein
heitlich, sondern in ihm sind die
roten von dm weißen Vlutkörper
chcn geschieden. Tiefe sind leichter
und bleiben daher an der Ober
fläche, vermischen sich dort mit dem
Fibrin und bilden eine weißliche
Schicht, die den roten Blutfarbstoff
zudeckt. Das Blut der verschicke'
nen Tiere verhalt sich aber in bk'
ser Hinsicht nicht gleich, je, nachdem
es langsam oder schneller 'rinnt.
Tcr Vorgang läßt sich auchx Anst,
lich beeinflussen, zum Beispiel durch
Zusatz von Zucker oder alkalischen
Stoffen oder auch durch den Ein
fluß von Kälte, die sämtlich daZ
Gerinnen verzögern. Für manche
Zwecke der Wissenschaft ist das k-
ErtMSflva VrttsTif VrtrnT S htrt SlT?Ärt.
I II I I lltT i ZJ 11) ILL 11LI. LlL. -
lichkeit gibt, die einzelnen Bestand'
teile des Blutes in tadelloser on '
oerung zu geroinnen, sjiun neue
reitet nämlich das noch stmiigcj.
Blut mit künstlichen Schläge,,
durch eigene Apparate und iremn
so das Serum von. den BIiMr
perchen und auch vom Fibrin. Am
diesem Wege ist das , Studium des
Fibrins erst möglich geworden. Aus
einem Quart Blut erhält man et
wa 2 3 Gramm dieses Faserstof,
kS in rniJf(iti(iTrt flitrtnrihp Tlit) tiif
len sorgsamen Versuche, die mit dem
Blute angestellt worden sind, haben
ergeben, das; das Fibrin aus einer
bestimmten Eiweißverbindung mU
steht, die demzufolge den Namen
Fibrinogen erhalten hat und einen
regelmäßigen Bestandteil des nor
malen Blutes ausmacht Nachdem
das Blut geronnen ist, ist dieser
Eiweißstoff bis auf den letzten Nest
oerschwunden, aber nicht gänzlich
in Fibrin verwandelt, fondern zmn
Teil in einen anderen - Stoff, der
dem Serum einverleibt bleibt. Die
ke Trennung ist wahrscheinlich sür
das Gerinnen des Bluts überhaupt
bedingend und beruht auf einem
chemischen Vorgang. Auch mit die
ser Erkenntnis aber ist das Rätsel
noch nicht gelöst, sondern es entsteht
die Frage, , von welcher Ursache die
merkwürdige Veränderung des Fi
brinogen erregt wird. Diese haben
die Forscher in einem - Gärstoff,
einem Ferment, gesucht, so daß auch
das Gerinnen des Blutes ein Bei
spiel mehr für die ungeheure Ver
breitung und , Wichtigkeit der öa ;,
rungserscheinungen sein würde, und
zwar scheinen dabei die weißen Blut
torpcrchen die Hauptrolle zu svie
len. Außerdem ist nach den bisye
rigen Ermittelungen die Gegenwart -eines
Elentents noch unerläßlich,
nämlich des Kalks. Der Mensch
braucht also Kalk nicht nur zum
Aufbau seiner Knochen, sondern
auch zur Aufnahme ins Blut, um
diesem die unentbehrliche Fähigkeit -des
Gerinnens zu verleihen.
Thierichscn, der Gefeierte.
Ueber die Amerikanerinnen Plan
dcrt Kapitän Thicrichesn von dem in
Philadelphia internierten deutschen
Damp.ser Prinz Eitel" in einem
Interview, das er einer Mitarbci
terin eines englischen Blattes ge
währte. Dabei stellte sich heraus, daß
der Kapitän, ein Junggeselle, mit
diesem Geschlecht eigentümliche Er
fahrungen gemacht hat. Ungezählte
Briefe sind ihm von amerikanischen
Damen zugegangen, und wenn eine
Amerikanerin ihm zum zweiten Mal
schrieb (so meinte er verwundert),
redete sie ihn "-reits als ihren
Dearest" an und unterzeichnete
?ours asfectionieli)". Die Äissen,
die ihm Amerikas Frauen geschickt
haben, sind nicht zu zählen, 26 hat
er in feinem Wohnarmn: eine große
Menge weiterer hat er wegen Platz,
mangels nicht behalten oder ander
weitig weiter verschenken müsjcn.
Schicken Sie mir keine Kiffen, mein
Fräulein," so bat er dringend, da?
müssen Sie mir versprechen. Und
um Hiinniclöwillen stricken Sie
nichts für mich, denn auch mit gc
strickten Dingen bin ich überreichlich
versorgt. Es wae sehr nett von all
diesen ameriCanischen FrenndiiUM,
an mich zu denken, aber Sie sehen,
selbst, wie wenig .Platz ich habe.
