fJstlTe Cmo5n Ttibüt
Educatcd ßelgians Rcscnt
Their Country's Sacrifice.
Dy Halllday
. (lioiton
Rotterdam, N. 4,
A mufitx r !;lit tu a hat tNflItl
To tho ftd urvlvor'a orrowlni ey -
nn.l II (ho rnt t.f lt. Um tt up
in the "LoKfudd." 'l'Iiomiia linpildaby
never wrotu nnythlnif truor. 1 am
iunl hnrk from a UM "pnKOur"
arro? thu "w'II k,iht flolda of
yi'Mfrdiiy" In nori tiwrn UcIrIuui und
ih n'?'n!r in Ir.deeit ombr.
Yet tlu-r aro Tcdi'CinlnK feature
in tbe aitiintloii, th maln on belng
tlie conitjütntit and Kind dinlnlutra
tion of tiornmns. The ronquerore of
lielp.luni Mi- dolmr cvcrythlna In thelr
power to lnuko esiüjr th lut of tho
eonquerud. Tbi Ia tru na I havo
n It tha DnclUh newspnper to
tbe contrnry nou ithBtanrtltifr,
Thoao KnRlIah pnpem, hy tbe way,
eilt ma tlon Into llelglum, or, at
U'ast, they belped.
I land- d In Rotterdam lata on a
tfaturday nisbt. Bnndny üelng tn
rift dny and forty-clRht hour mor
be!n? necessary for tha pd ti ot
psttaport, rred'ntlnJs nnd euch, I
found mysclf wlth threo hole dayi
to Kill.
Now Rotterdam offer little of
entertalnn.cnt to the tranger wlthln
her Raten, Thore eem t b bot
two poib'litip. One to It hont
drlukinr ' aso teln of Pllr.ener or
mall Rliifse of Rln and bitter; tn
other vlsltlni? tho katini? rlnk end
Watehins: a hundre-d largo, pink and
Whltr, awkward Duteh glrls cavort
on rollen.
ENGLISH PAPERS SHOW ACUTE
HYSTERIA
So. having iio tasto for feminin
chmuslneB, it happened that tha
little. party of AmerUana frora th
Ryndam put in their tiuio over th
beer dincuisEinK' the war posalbllltle
and readiwr tho Knglloh paper, V
tjet them all here, aomo alx or eight,
a day old, tut fresh enouch to be
lnterestlns. Kor thnt matter, an
KnelUh paper I bound to be Interest
in if It I a week oid. for If one niay
Jtulgo by tlie publio prints, the Brltiah
are In a siaie of aente hysteria. And
the poctncla of Btald old Knpland
fiapplnsr. her hau da in emotional
demrmtr ' iannnt but be entertalnlng.
But l lie more expllclt. For u
veek or pu day the Ens;l!gh paper
pu!)liühed reports of the terrible
rondltlon In üelpitim, partlculnrly In
Ifrüpscla and Antwerp. Faniln
threatened. they snld. - Not only the
tiatlves. but the Oerniana were bort
of food. And the tlcrnians were oin
about lonR-saced aud dieoraed, in
a generuüy tigly frame ot tnlnd und
aciitely hotile to th Iieh;lans.
So theil, thoüh tny Instriietlon
had been to proceed to Berlin,' I wa
minded to !ip down to lirussels an!
have a look at the condltlong. In
rirtoTitaUy, I wanted to eo to Brüssels
if for no otner reason tnnn tnat . i
had started for that place from Pari!
In the widdle of August tvrt twver
arrlved. It ia alays a eoümetlon
to pet to the pltire yoo Btart for if it
doe täk a eonple of monthg shd
6'.J0 or .000 ailles' travei. r, ;
FREE IN ANTWERP AS IN
NEW YORK
I went down to Antwerp on a traln
whlc! ra'rr'lest at least 1200 Belxlao
refusfcs who ere fiolng noree.
Nenrly pvery toin carrie a many.
Tho Bervleo frora . Uosenda&l, to
Merxem, a" uburb ot Antwerp, l
pretty much ns usUal, exee.pt that
II 'tlie rar are marked ".Ventral"
and no are i charged- At Merxem
ono runs tnto the Cemian domina-
tion. with all it infinite rare an
nttention to detail. To enter Ant
werp pasfiports nnist be vised by the
IJelRiü civil nutliorttie of the town
nnd by tho tr.ititury cbmmander'i
offlep. Önee In. you are aeeminsly
as free to tnove about and do as yod
lilso na you wonld be in Boston or
New York.
liv first Impression of the Germaü
BOldlery wa'a that they are the Anest
on the continent. At least, they are
the best thnt I bave eeen, Almofet
tmlversaüy they are big wen, rueged,
woll et up, bewhisUered, blond bur-
lies. Tha German nitorm l every
tilt as practleal aa the Eimlish, po.
slbly mors so, aa the high bot I to
be preferred to the fähoe and bandage
puttee,
GERMAN SOLDIER KNOWS Hl
JOB
The German soldlcr is intelligent.
Ito know hts job and i on it all
the tlroe. TVheu I wag battlng around
the north ol France early In ths
tnlz-np, I found that half the sentriej
at tho rallroad stations couldn't redd.
In tact, I went almont anywhere on
a homeniade paesport whlch I had
bad faked up in a ISoaton- tiotary's
ofllce. It had sonie beautiful seala,
whlch seemed to be Just as cffeetlve
wlth tho Frone a Mr. Dryan'a
signature. That aort of thing wonld
never po wlth tho Gernistn. When
a German penlry aalt to es your
pasgport he has a reaon and a good
one; and he reads th document and
knows whnt it nays and nieiins.
Antwerp at this wrlllng Is a dead
town. Natuially, wlth the ehlpplnf?
topped, it mußt be. Aaide from tho
fact that there is no business, there
lg noüiing extraordinary in ths ap
pcarance of tho town or the people.
A few hells were throWn into the
clty Just enoußh to bow what mlpht
bave been expeeted had not the Bai
plans moved out. One clty block
100 yarcla west of the cathedra! in
the center of the town hns been
haken down to a Hat rnln, and some
daniaRO has been dotie In three or
four placea in tho resfdentlal Bectloti,
EDUCATED BELGIANS RESENT
SACRIFICE
Having obHeryed the elfeet of the
German artlllcry, one ia forced to
the conclualon that tho evacuatlon ot
Antwerp wa the only reIly wlue
wova the HoIbIbh have mado except
the surrender of BnisHels. ,
I find that tho intelligent, educatcd
Belßians are rather incllned to resent
the aacriflee of thelr country, LlHtenj
to. the oplnions ot a young Belgian
I met in Antwerp. Ho is on ot
even brothers dolr.f? an American- j
European business, Two ot the boy
are in th army, two ar in New!
Witherspoon
Journal,)
York nd th other. In Drunao! an4
Antwerp, II ald:
"Iinlülum hat bl eu mada fool of.
W bar 8crlfle(d the realer purt
of ohr army, blllion o( property and
potsulbly our national rlstunee. And
for what? To belp England. Tbi
tallc about our aered honor I all
tery pretty. But It Ia fr the ioot
rart n!I ytf fooüuh. Our s.itr:d
slatene hould bao been mor to
our tateamen than ny foollah ide
ot national lnlerlty.-
"Arent thoe." I askod, "pretty
radlenl antlment für a patrlotic
BelKlan to expna? What about
UHKlan neutrallty?"
CALLft BELGIAN NEUTRALITY
FICTION
"Xo." h ald. -What I'vt Juat
aaia ia aietatea dy eonimon entj
and nothin elae. Aa to Reicht
neutrallty, that baa been a dlploniatio
fletlon für years. Line our takln
oer of the Conßo Interesta tkero
bae been no real neutrallty posaible,
it has nominally cxlated Ine
uitd the reat power to allow
to exlst. But If our neutrallty hadn'i
beer vlolattd by Germany, It would
hav been by Franc or England. Aa
a technfeal fact Franc put oldlera
or Belfllan soll btfor Germany dld
"The wholo thlng comea down to
thls. Our tatesmen wer perauaded
to throw in wlth England and France
They choso the wrone elde wrons
for the rood of BelKlnm. Thla aaeied
honor buslnem Ia all very well, but
It bagn't cot a nythlng but trotible
Moreorer, if it aeemed to ua that w
were in duty Iwund to flght we hould
Iiave qult aftor Liese. Wo wer
beaten then. Wa bad atruck our
blow for a ao-ealled princlple. Thera
waa no reanon why w shouhl gp
further and aaerifice the whole
country.
8AY3 THE INTELLIGENT SHARE
VIEWS
"Do you thlnk." I sked, "that youf
View are hared by the nation ?"
"Absolutely yea. the intelligent
people. The peaaantry no. They
know no more her than anywhere
elae. They almply do aa they ar
told and ak no questions."
I have given th! youn man'
opinlon at thelr faee value. They
tnay or may not express the Idea
of the thlnkkig Belglans. Peraonally
I bellev they do. a I have heard
the ame thins from others.
tVhen I proeeeded to Bruel 'and
kaw the countryalde, I appreciated
the reret whlch must overwhelm any
Be'Klan.
The Belglan fallway nre enfirely
In the band of tbe mllitary. The
German are runnlng th ystem
wlth absolute preclsion, a they do
t verythlnK eise, but . they aren't
! nying any" partlcu1itri attentlon to
liaaseneer tra.'ne. Hiinu-occasionaiiy,
if there 1 a big bateh ot rsfugee
who w-ant to go liome, a p!ensser
trato will be rnade up, but it is catch
aa -eatch-can . for th traveler.
' An exeeedlnkly ecoiniuodatln? of-
f!erto whom T"cönndcd "uiy "deslre
to Retto Brüssels ugRcsted that I
go ot to Berchem, the tai'on at
the outkern entrane to the clty,
r.nd wait for a freight tratn. I d
it. At 2 In tho aftenioon a trlng of
conl cars and a cabooae pulled up,
and I boatded It wlth about twenty-
fivte Belgtana, tnostly women and
ehizdren, who were going home,
COUNTRYSIbe FÄIRLY NORMAL
We proeeeded bumplly and alowly,
Kettinst gliinpse from the eIos
Windows of a fairly normal country-
äido and atopplng at every Station.
At each pause tho German rallroad
lliclals nd oldlera came. to our car
Inijuirlng after the comfort of the
t ravelers and srequently ssisllng
for the poor Service. We had a bad
engine, whlch flnaüy gave up the
Rhost at LIcrre. We lald liere for
two hour. -
: Lato in (he aftemoon ' a freight
traln bound for Louvaln pulled Into
Llorro and there was a quick trana-
fer of baggage and pa sengers. the
German oldlery doing th heav
llftlng. On the new traln we drew
an oldfashioned aidedoor Pullman,
wlth that dear, familiär, muaty
fragrance that eema tnevltably t
go wlth a box car. Vq made. Loitvain
at 7 o'clock ad !ay on the afding
for threa hour. , Her ägain the
aoldiers wer most kind, gathering
about and wapplng news and ym
pathy wlth the fugitlves. They even
brought US Slipper, such as it was,
ädamantlne army blscutt and & gallon
of bitter tea, and Awo roll llberally
buttered wlth margarine for the pair
of five-year-old "Kinder" in the party.
LOUVAIN AN IMPRESSIVE WRECK
Abaut 9 o'cloek a young offleer
who poke perfect French ahd fair
Engllsh invlted me up to the top of
tbe high embankment above the rall
road for a vlew of the clty. It had
topped ralning for VmcG aud the
moon was put.. Louvaln ls certainly
an lmpressive wreck, stark and saunt
and ernpty, gutted to total destruc
tion. Camp Ares iekered her and
there, but asldo from these tho town
lay as dead as a- thousand-ycar-old
ruln. My German frlend ald the
sight waa most wbat waa the word?
-"traurig" that' It. I agreed witb
hin, it waa more than Bad; and I
was gla4 that he could find aomething
ot sorrow in the necessary work of
bis army.
On to Brusfleia. arriving at a three-
mile-out suburb at 11 o'clock.
Brüssels ia, or was on Not. 1.
nearly normal. Apart from the
presenco in the treets of a large
numner or German soldlers, the
newly arrlved ohserver would Bay
that tha Ilse of tho clty I qnlte aa
UBi, al, Business i a littlo du, but
not o tagnant 8 mlght be ex
pected, for there Iiaa been an in flut
of weaithy people from the country
BRÜSSELS A CITY OF GAIETY
Brüssels in time of peace ia Bald
to be a little more llke Paris than
any other clty in Europe. I can
believe it, for In the grip of the
hoatil invadera the clty still has
much of galety. There is mitsie.
There are protty nnd well dressed
woinen Tbe cafes, hotel and
restanrant are well mied, lo out-
ward appraranroa verykody ii
rt fiiii,tiljr roniPiited. Mut,lclnl a(
flr r cot-.dticted linder tiflltlan
oiticliil, aa uauul, , !! Police
palrul th ,'ria. eoojierHting witb
tha inllltary In keepln order, '
On Haturday nlt'lit 1 iliued. wlth
aoni luxury nd al normal ,pn,
al th l'alac Hotel, the Urnmn
bnndiarttre. Tb plur a opeu
to the publio nd wua brllllant wlth
Bold Inr nd ahowy uniform. Plenty
n( nuttv tlvtlmn nd thelr women.
folk niliigled will tho German of
stwra. .
After dlnner I apent a coitpl of
hour t th Bar fiploudld, danoln
and drlnklng place, quti portlly
navori-a wüt tue j'arminn t
moBphcrc, Tfiero wer half i LundreJ
pretly at Irin who mlght have come
Iren the ireneh boulcrnrda and
hundred or ao of th younner Ger
man otlicera, who certainly had rom
from Berlin. There wna Ameriean
ragtlnm ad Ilh , American cocktalla
if you wanted them, oceana of
Champagne and klitses for thoie who
rared to tuk them. Th young
Germane eemed to b enioyln them
elvea. I wonder If th ladle k
Paria will greet the Teuton iivadr
wlth llk rdiallty if they hav th
opportunity.
WAR SPIRIT NEAR SURFACE
Wlth It all, the galety and
parently normal Ilse of Bruaeela, th
war pirit Ia not far below th ur
face. Around 12 o'clock one nlght
waa golng to my hotel whon I
wltnaed a little eplRode that
iihowed preUy conclirnlvely that
bettle, murder and audden deatn
mlght eaaily take th tjlftce of peace,
nnd al an inetant notlco, .
A German oldier waa comlng up
a ald atreet wlth a woman. A man
In cltlzen'a elothea approached. There
wag loud talk, a briet acusfla . and
the oldier alung hia rille down to
hie hin and ben to hoot. Sinash
eraüh, bang! Three bot Into th
nilddle ot tho atreet and Into a plate-
glasa Window. No on waa hlt.
People acuttled away in all dlrec
tion. I hunted a doorway. Tha
pollceinan in the aquare made no
move to Investlgate, and the oldier
went hla way wlth hia woman. , I
Inferred from the lncldeut that tht
German oldier Ia inctined to be a
little touchy and ia a bad one to
trlfle wlth.
tu tha mnttof t ttti ftnnnltoa
Bruageia ia well flxed. The bread
aupply is qult a tisua! at regulär
prlce. There I plenty of meat
plenty ot milk, plenty of everything.
When I lest Brusaela the veoP'O
were a little -wrorried, and atrangely
enough over the posslblllty ot the
Germane belng defeated on th rlght
wlng and having to retreat. The
aupposition Is that In such an event
a big battle would b fought to the
onth and west ot Brüssels, where
tbe Germane are fortlfylng exten-
Ively, and wlth a battle raglng out
alde, the clty must surely suffer.
I came up from Brüssels to Ant
werp wlth a lot of oldlera in a big
mllitary auto truek. You have read
of the destruction of Tirlemont,
Louvain, Mallnes and all the rest.
Nothing that has been wrilten could
have exaggerated very much. In ths
forty nilleg I covered by auto every
town, vlllage and hamlet had been
practlcal)y wlped ' out. There was
evidence that the Belglana had
contostcd every foot of the way.
The entlre countryalde waa criss-
crossed wlth trenches and barbed
wir entanglements. Fresh grae
marled the roadalde by eores. At
Mannes, a town of posalbiy 3U.UW
neonle. the bombardmeht had haken
down 80 per cent. of the homes. The
cathedral, an enormous structure,
had been wrecked. Chunks as big
as a mall house. had been smashed
out ot the massive tower in halt a
dozen places.
To tbe north of Mallnes and
approachlng the outer ilnes of forts
the ßghting must have been terrifle.
In a half mile I counted In the fiat
farm lands beslde the road over a
hundred pits, circular craterS, flfteen
feet acrosg, where the big hells
had hurst. At one point l saw three.
big siege guns, at least ot 8-inch
callber, out of Commission and rüst-
Ing in the rain. Nearer Antwerp ths
ditchea . were füll of amashed auto
mobiles, gun earriage, carts all
the wreckage of ä great bhttle.
BoIIed down to tbe bone, the
Belglan Situation aeems to be this:
The country made a desperate, hope
less and foollsh flght. It may have
been a gailant flght, It Was. But,
ob. the folly of It!
i
AöMzrM ' ' JZ'4
WÄöz j. ?? ?-"7?
1, , 1 y a "- mt -T' i i, iM"räTr,C8S-T--i t?
The GcrmarrAmericans
A Olrd't-Bye View of Thelr
Standing, Achlovement
and Influence Inthe United
State.
7 WLDCniCK SOHslADCtt,
In the Ahrr Jefn JFrce Vrn, dlscu-
ing.In a rolumn artide "Tbe German
Anicricarn, we read thu:
"When it comei to an isue like tli
present, that of Cernuny ag:iins,t tlie
ret of Lurope, lh American (jerman u
fmind to be eithrr in tlie ma apathetic,
or eie poeta Ol loo litile itinii'nrr,
political or other, to give hi opiniom
i(?rlnui Iniportant-f."
We ar also told that tha German
American "ar not in general very
kernly ympathetic will the tathcrland
in tlie preent gfrtiKgle" . , . "not a lin
gle volunterr do we hrar of, out of all
ihn lsi.OOÜ.OUU, going back to ligbt for
the land of .their fiitheri." . . . "Tc
American German is imply tbi 'Mich
ael over agalil", . . , and "has nut
achieved a errat ucal in the L'nitcd
Statci." . . . "In one induatry alone
doej ha itand pre-eminent ; that ii brew
ing," . . . "One ein easily imagine the
tilunt American asking hnn toda'y: Say,
Uutchv. whv don't Veu er and tnht fnr
your fatherland?' And one ran ai easily
imagine ins rcpiy iou uitnK me a
damit fool. ehr '
How gtrikingly tlnj pen ikcfcl of the
Gcrrnan-Amcrican ii like the distorted
versions of event of the war cabled and
muilcd over to the American prew by
tlie tarne sort of eorrcspumlcnts as the
wntcr of tli above who signs lumseli
"Scotia," may be lest to any one wiih a
grain of common ense and justice. Such
Statement hardly mrrit a scrious reply.
But "Scotia'i" ketch Servcs as a text
for brief discusjion of the place of the
Gcrman-American in the hittory of th
Umted Males.
That he occupics a minor place when
it comes to political Icadcrship may as
well be conceded wilhout disoussion, and
the reason is that he is too loyal to the
ideals of the American constitution to
practice the political "particularism" for
which the German s noted at home, and
too idealistic to engage in the mud-
slmging of ward pohtics, excent in an
inilividualistic tat. As an American
citizen who registers and Aotes aecord
ing to bis conviction on Election Day, he
has never failed tö do his duty.
There is no such th!,,g as "tlie German
vote" in American politics save in a
crisis where the sacred doctrines of per
sonal hberty a'e at stake, and Uns atti
tude is.gtisticiently justilicd by those who
know how to coNstrue the roeaning of
Montesquieu wheu he declarcd that "all
the free institutions of the world came
out of tlie forests of Germany," and of
Guizot when he said, in his "ilistory of
Civilisation," that "it was tlie rude bar
barians of Germany who introduced this
sentiment of personal independence, this
love of individual liberty, into European
Civilisation ; it was unknown among the
Romans, it was unknown in the Chris
tian Church, it was unknown in nearly
alltthe Civilisation of antiquity."
It found its expression in the first Pro
test against slavcry and involuntary ser-
vitude, pronounced at a meeting of Ger
man Quakers, April 18, 1688, at German
town, Pa. a Protest in the handwriting
of F. D. Pastorius which occupies the
place of honor among" all dcclaration of
assimilar character as the first protest
against slavery voiced on the American
continent It inspired John Greenlcaf
Whitticr, the American poet, to compose
his famous "Lines, on Keading a Mes
sage of Governor Ritner of Pennsyl
vania, 1836," in park as follows: , - ,
And that bold-hcarted yeomanryf honest
and true,
Who, hatcr of fraud, give to labor its
du!
Whose fathers es old sang in concerl
with tlune '
On the banks of Swetara, the songs of
the Kinne .
The German-born pilgrims, who first
dared to brave
The scorn of the proüd in the cause of
the slave :
,
They cater to tyrauts? They rivet the
chain,
WTiich their fathers smote off, on the
negro againr
The English Quakers were not, at that
time, disposed to interieie -with sö dcli
cate a probiern, and the protest was
"tabled" after many diplomatic shifts in
Opposition, as of too far-reaching a
character.
The streets of New York at the out
break of the war, when thousands and
thousands oA German reserve in Amer
Die Luftsiotte der AUtterten.
ica atliered lirr nd ang tli trfig of
the Eaüierlaiid, t-ar wiines to th, bUl
tlut not ingle Toliintrcr reipfmded
to ths call of In country." Two voung
(Jrrman-Ameriaiii, Lt Bruno llollm
der aud Loui Weber, won the Jron
Cros by thir daritig. Time and time
feain we hf-ard of the ukide of youna
German who preferred dcutiV to inac
Uin forced upon them by the blockade
of N'cw York harbor by English war
ship. To wh:it extent the German
Amcrican tlemcnt ha been aroused to
emhusiasm for the sause of the Father
laud may be judged by the euormou
suni contributed by tliem to th variou
rclief fund,, and even bettcr by the re
büke to the administration in th No
vember election, t liowti In ditriVts
largely peopled by them, because cf the
unwarranted censorsbip of the German
wirriej stations and Diplomatie dis-
crinunation against German interests in
iavor of the Allits.
Every (icrman-American fecls that h
has a rigid, because of the intiuence ex
erclsed by his forbeara on the develon
ment and hlstory of the United State(
to protest against the attempt to ignor
n im in ciiiiing tue policy of tlie eov
ernment on issucs involving not only the
rate ot in, race, but that of the who!
civilization. And, urtly, he has lom
ciaim to a voice in tiu country.
To say that the German Iiave exer
cised a cultural mission liere mlght be
only a phrase if it were not aus, eptible
or prooi. v.nat, tuen, Has the German
element dotie for the United States l U
has been conspieuou in every direction
in which our dcvclopment ha tended
smee ioöJ, smee the establishment of th
first ; '.per mill on the American eon
tinent, at Gcrmantown. in WJ0, by Wil
heim Rittinglmyscn : ince F. A. Muhl
enberg took his scat as the first Speaker
of the House of Representative in the
American Congress; since his brother
dropped ins stole in tbe pulpit and won
tarne as one of Washington eencra s
since the day, of the great Indian sieht
er ' of the pre-Revolutionarv öeriod.
wnere we mect tue name of Lew.Wct
zcl, one of the most famous : since Bar
on Von Steuben became the drillmaster
of Washington's army: ince DcKalb
met a hero s ceath in the cause of Amer
ican independence: ince Herkimer and
his Mohawk Valley German won the
tatetut battle of Uriskany; ince David
legier, tue hrst mayor of Gmcinnat ,
and for ix weck tha cotnmander-in
chief of the American army, saved St
Clair's routed forces from annihilation
in the autumn of 1791 in eommand of
the American rear guard; since Jacob
ueisicr as vice-governor ot tue province
of New York paid the penalty of the
hrst .American rebcl airsinst Eneland
since the first of Penttsvlvania's hne of
uerman-merican oovernors ince
Martin Baum founded Port Laurence in
1817, now known as Toledo. Ohio.
lo these men of action may be added
the famous lighters of a later gencra-
tion: ucnerais Güster, Kosecranz. bnrel
Schur, Osterhaus, Admiral Schlcv and
Col. Willich, the Pennsylvania and New
ork German trooos in the Revolution,
ana xne oerman voiuntecr in
the Union army.
Many Germans also served on the
Southern side in the Civil War. notablv
cot. weros von uoreke, a rrussian cav-
alry officer, and Gen. J. E, B. Stuart's
chief of staff, who was shot through the
nght lung. In May, 1889, at Charleston
S. C. a monument was erected to the
German oldiers who feil in the Confed
erate Service, with this inscription:
...... - Ist - .
The Confedcrate Army
the Soldicrs
Whom this Monument
t Gommemorates
Illustratcd in Death as in Life
the German' Devotion to Dutv.
But the greater nurnber of German-
Amencans erved on the Union side.
In his Fonrth of July Speech in Leip-
sig in letsv, Mr. Andrew V. White,
American Ambassador to Germany,
sam: We may well recognize in Ger
many another mother country, one with
which our land should remain in wärm
est alliance. For, from the universitics
and institutions for advanced learning
in Germany, far more than from those
of any other land, hav'e come, and are
coming, the i iijluenc.es which. have
shaped and are shaping advanced edtica
tion in the United States." We have re
cently had similar expression from
Prof. Sloane, Pros, Burgess, Prof. San
born, Prof. Wheeler, Prof. Hall, Prof.
Schcvill, Dr. McNeill of th Richmond
bar, and other distinguished native
American cholars. 'Men onJy now in
middle age can well recall how a native
German, Iheodore Thomas, and his six
ty musicians, carried the cult of higher
musiö into the remoter parts of the
West, followed later by Dr. Damrosch,
The very first to arouse an interest in
mui!e in Its !mpfr form wa tlie pion
r rmy of poor Grrirun nmie lactnr
wiio silrd in almost every village and
town in th taoiilli nd Weit. In liier
ftfilftt Stift j-llMUHnl m ribftt r.i V ....
. j . "-1 ,,. v .
ington and pa nur of "My Bunky," to
mcntion o other, the German element
i rrpreiented m American art. Th
famnu painting. "Wurd Ho," in tl
national taptiol at Washington, i from
the brush o( a Gcrman-American. On
ot the mot diitiiiRiiuhrd American nov-
eint ol today. iheodure Dreissr.
the on of German Immigrant, nd the
name ot Seidl, Muck, Mrancky, Dtppel,
ana conrieu are inilcbhiy imprtasccr uo
on our recent and conteinporary musical
life. The lim reat American actor.
Edwin ForrMt, had a Gcnmm iuoll.tr.
and Mary Andcrion, the actress, can
tracc her slneent in pari to German
cestor. The greatett eartwntst
America bave wen artuti predominant-
ly oi uerman ongin .ast, Grimm, am!
Kepplcr, the founder of Puck, three of
a pat generation, and Hy Meyer, th
present eauor ot i'uek; lhrcki, trueh,
Floto, and nnmi-rous other, of today
Among the puldishera and editor of the
daiiy press many are of German decent,
as Adolf Geh of the Psew York Times
Reiclt of the Ne York Sun : Pubtzcf
of the New York World, and Villard of
the New York Evening Post From
earliest time German-Ämericans have
been prominent in connection with the
leading universitics, in the ficld of medi
eine, urgery and cience. 1 am not pos
itive wiietner Gol. Goethais, th buildcr
of the Panama Canal. i of German or
Scandanavian extraction ! but one of the
greatett monument of etiKinccnnar skill
tue lirooKlyn brulge. wa the work of
Roebling, German-American. Next to
Ldison the' most brilliant eiectrician in
America, and possibly the world. i, F.d
ison' cloe associate, Steinmetz, an im
migrant German.
The most revolutiotiary nrintinat in-
ventiofl of modern times, the type-set-ting
mach ine (doubtless in usc in the
Office of the Aberdeen Free Press), is
tue worg ot Uttmar Mergenthaler, a
German-American ; while the name of a
compatriot of Mergenthaier (for both
were immigrants), that of Emile Bcr-
hner? is bnlliantly identihed with the in
vention of the micronhone for the tele
phone and of the gramophone, for which
he was awarded the John Scott medal
and Elliot Cresson gold medal by the
Franklin Institute. Philadeluhia. The
German-Anierican owner of a small
foundry in Pittsburch, whose name es
capes me, first tarted Andrew Carnegie
on bis career as Ins associate. The
great Pittsbujxliiron and teel indus-
tries largely owe their oriein and arow t
to German-American. Need I do more
than mention the name of Charles M,
Schwab, President of the Bethlehem
dteel Company?
V
No element has had a srreater share in
the upbuilding of the industries of the
Gmted States than that of the German
American. While it has been orc-em-
inent in tne. brewing world, It has been
no less so in the great sogar industries,
in furniture manufacture, in the build-
ing of raiiway and team shivs. F. I.
Weiler, who diea in 1681. aecounted in
hi time the riebest man in middle Ohio,
was one ot the Promoters and eines
stockholders in the Atlantic & Great
Western Railroad : Andreas Gross and
his1 partner, Dietrich, built the Dayton &
Michigart Kailroad. Albert Stein, a for
mer engineer in the Napoleonic army,
but a native cf Düsseldorfs became tlie
builder of vast hydraulic works in the
West and south. . Ihe Havemcver
Brother came to this country from Ger
many with the first sugar-refining pans
ever. brought her, and founded the
great American Suear Refinincr Com
pany. vvitn tne American Commercial
Products Co., and the Standard Oil
Company, the name of Marthieson
Brothera is too familiär to need de-
scnption. Franz Martin Drexel was one
of the German immigrants of the earlv
part of the last Century, and the Drex-
els became the föunders of Drexel. Mor
gan & Co., the greatest American bank-
ng htm. Jf the Astors it is needles, to
go into details.
To sneak of the ereat churchmen of
America is to beein with the father of
General Muhlcnberg, who founded the
Lutheran Church in America; the early
Catholic bishop, Frederick Reese, of
Detroit; John Martin Hcnni, scholar
and Writer, the first archbishop of Mil
waukee; and the Organizer of the Ger
man M. E. Church in Anierica, William
Nast, who in I8ZI. was an instructor. at
West Point. In political life we recall
Franc! Joseph Grund, Harvard Pro
fessor and political Journalist: lohn An
dreas Wagener. of Chärleston. S. C.. a
general in the Confedcrate army, whose
name is inscribed in bronze on the tab
let of a monument to those who died for
the South; Philip Dorschheimer, of Buf-
talo, one of the founder of the Repub
lican party ; Johann Lutz (Lutes), the
first German-American mayor of Ro
chester, N. Y., above all, however, Carl
Schurz, oldier. author. statesmän. een-
eral in the Union army, minister to
Spain, member of the United States
Senate, and a cabinct ofiieer. Space is
too limited to extend the list here. As a
Jurist, none has a higher standing than
Judge Peter L. Grosscup, late U. S.
Circuit Judge. , -
Hundreds ok the Rreat merchänts and
manufacturing establishments are in the
band Of German-Americans, The so
alled coffee king of the world, Mr. Her
man Sielcken, is a native of Germanv.
Hardly a sien alonn the lower nart of
Broadway where the great' busins
hotises are, but bear a German name.
And as in busines, art, cience, and
the army and hävy, so in the populär
ports German name are conspieuou
in American life, names such as the late
Peter Schaefer, "the wizard of the cue" ;
of Zimmerman, Krämer. Bald. Miller
and Waller, bicycle Champions, who have
many a time and oft carried the Amer
ican colors to Victory in international
contests.
A hurried ketch Ruch aa li!c ia tn.
adequate to do justice to the ubjectj
but enoush has hepn writtih h inrtir-it
the extraordinary share of the German-
American eiement in tne history of the
United States, to refute the intimation
that this element is a nre1iil1i mmn.
tity and to awake the press as well as
tue powers tnat temporanty be to the re
sponsibility which attache to their du
lies as the snokesmen of a naiinn mi
up of varied national factors. The German-American
element has alway been
devoted to the Constitution of tlie Unit
ed StateSi and ha f reeiy shed its blood
in two ureat war nr Knolanft tn
elend the institutions of their adopted
country. im fatherland.)
1 Cirsnftiie ferrfoitll
Msnck'k fjalffti tritcrif t und pts
p'k,,kit. 'fcafj da Jaf;re VM boS
Nassischk Jatzr brt chkkrschung tti
Ojtanl, zunächst tti Allaniiichkn.
kukch die Üiifte frirt wtrdk. nre
Idoch. darunlcr keilt gtringtrer ali
Uras Zeppelin, nkläkien bit',t Lft
kariunfi für verfrüht, weanglklch sie
eine solche rruligenschaft ligeinein
hin ia bestimmte Aussicht flelllen.
Diese konservativen Auslassungen
h'küen üngekuldige Enthusiasien und
lich zweiselhasl, Epekulanten auf
bcidcn Scücn M fetlonti! nicht et,
rohe Summen Gelde! ihr eige
. fc. v :
nr ooer vss one .tui6 vn vn
dcmnächsiige Ausführung eineZ solchen
Planel zu wenden, und manche er
sinderische Köpfe arbeiteten mit sie
d?rhafleinl5iftr an der Aulgestaltnz
dtk Einzelheiten.
Nun, eS läßt sich ieht mit absolu
:er lÄewikheit. sagen, daß dieses Jcihr
kcinen Ozein Jluqversuch bringt,
weder, mit Lenk'Lustschiff, noch mit
Aeroplan. Hoch tin E-outmee hatte
eS noch den Anschein, als ob ein sol
ches Wagnis don Amerika aui unter
nommen werden toiirde. Aber der
große Krieg brachte dai ganze Prob
lern in die Hintergasse, wie noch
niancherlei rindere vielversprechenden
Pläne. Da? ist um um so mehr her
vorhebcnswert,' als gerade der Krieg
sonst so starke Reklame für Luftfahr
ten an und für sich gemacht hat und
noch immex macht. Doch Flüge über
Weltmeere waren eben auch mililä
tisch noch nicht spruchreif. Wieweit
die Cache gediehen ist, wenn etwa
noch mehr Weltkriege fällig sind, das
s'eht dahin. . .'ES gibt übrigens der
zeit Amerikaner, Welche daS Gelingen
von OzeanUeberfliegllngen niit be
deutend weniger Befriedigung und
Begeisterung ansehen würden, all
noch vor einem halben Jahre, und
zwar gerade wegen der militärischen
lusbeutung einer solchen Erfindung.
Denn damit könnte man ja auch den
Amerikanern aus 3 Dach steigen, viel
leicht ehe diese mit der Sache auf
dem Laufenden wären!
Jedenfalls bat die ganze Idee einen
Rückschlag erlitten, der wohl noch ge.
räume Zeit nachwirken wird.
Szene vom Hanscrkampf.
Wir hörten in der lehren Zeit von
den" erbitterten Häuserkämpfen, die
in oer tsegeno um Arras uns an
derwärts stattgefunden haben. Sze
nen von diesem heftigen Ringen von '
yaus zu Haus' i,aziioerr ein engn
scher Kricgsberichierstatter. ' Die ,
deutsche Eigenart -des Kampfes und
tdre besondere Gefchtcklichkeu, die Et
genarten des Geländes für ihre Tal'
tik zu benutzen, werden aufs deut
llchste gekennzeichnet durch diechlacht
der letzten Äagr, m der M eine ganz
unerwartete Art des zrcchtenS ent
wickelte. Die deutschen Truppen hat
ten sehr geschützte Stellungen in den
Kohlenbergwerken gefunden und ciu
ßtrdem noch besonderen Vorteil don
der Art der Häuser in diesem, K.oh.'
Icngebiet gezogen.
Die Dorser ostlich bon LenZ. die
hauptsächlich von Bergleuten bewohnt
werden, bestehen nämlich aus langen
Reihen gleichförmiger Häuser, die
nach einem einheitlichen Plan für die
Arbeiter gebaut wurden ' Diese Ar
beiter Häuschen wurden von den Deut
sehen in kleine Fort verwandelt; die
Zensier wurden durch Matratzen und
Säcke geschützt; in die Mauern wur
den Löcher gebrochen als Schießschar
ten für die Maschinengewehre. Da
diese ganze Gegend bis Litte außer
ordentlich dickt bevölkert ist, so to
ten sich ihnen überall solche Häuser
dar, die sie wahrhast uneinnehm
bar gestalteten und aus denen sie gro
ke Borwle im KaMdr zogen. Auch
das ganze Gelände ist von ihnen auf
caS geschickteste ausgenutzt worden.
und so haben sie das Kohlengebiet zu
einer Stellung umgeschaffen, die nicht
oiel weniger sest ist als die Steinbrü
che von Soissons. Die gleiche Tüch
tigkeit wurde bei der Beschießung
von Arras gezeigt. Es regnete ge
tadezu Granaten; von 811 Uhr
morgens -schlugen einmal 120 in die
Stadt ein. -.' ..
- Frech. Millionär 'tjurn
Bettler): Machen Sie schnell, daß
Sie fortkommen!
Bettler: Na, na. nur nicht gor so
stolz, mein Herr! Sie sind auch nicht
viel mehr ülö ich! Der einzige Un
erschied ist der, daß Sie uns die
zweite Million hinarbeiten und ich
auf die erste!
Nach der Kirchwelh.
Wieso ist denn gestern hier auf dem
See schon wieder ein Boot umgeschla
gen? Es war wohl zu voll?"
D? Boot nicht, abn die In
assen!"'
Begriffs tudia. D5
muß man sagen: Müller hat eben so
chiau wie kühn gehandelt.
Wie ein Kühn war auch
eteiligt?
Au.schlsaOkdtttd.
Freundin: Willst du auch als, Kran
tnpsiegttlN in den Krieg?
Zunge Dame: Weiß noch nicht. Ich
will erst mal ausprobieren, wie mich
die Schweflerntracht kleidet!
iFrommtkWunsch. Stu
denk (als tt seinen Schneider nahen
ficht): Wenn ich doch jetzt so'n Unier,
secboot wäret , '