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The Commoner
14
VOL. 17, NO. 9
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Billion Bushels of Wheat Recom
mended for 1918
Tho production of over i,000,000f
000 bushels of wheat and over
83,000,000 bushels of rye, through
tho planting of ovor 47,337,000 acres
to winter wheat and of 6,131,000
acres to rye this fall, is tho imme
diate war agricultural program for
tho nation announced by David F.
Houston, secretary of agriculture.
This record winter-wheat acreage, an
increase of 18 per cent over last
year, would yield G72,000,000 bush
els if the average yield for the past
10 years is equaled, or under a repe
tition of tho favorable conditions of
1914 would givo 880,000,000 bush
els. In either case, with a spring
wheat crop next year equal to that of
1915, tho nation will' have more than
one billion bushels of wheat for do
mestic uso and export.
This vastly increased production of
wheat, needed in any case, will be
absolutely essential to prevent a se
rious shortage of breadstuffs next
summer should the growing corn,
now behind season, be much damaged
by early frosts.
Tho program approved by tho 'sec
rotary of agriculture represents the
best thought of the tJnited States de
partment of agriculture and of state
agricultural officials and state coun
cils of defense.
The study of this question has in
volved many factors, and the special
ists have been aware from the first
that the demands for wheat may ex
ceed the supply next year. Effort,
therefore, has been made to recom
mend in each state about as large an
acreage in wheat and rye as can be
sown without upsetting proper farm
practice, which must be maintained
in the interest of wheat and rye crops
this and succeeding years, as well as
in the interest of other necessary
spring-planted crops, which, are not
discussed in detail at this time, as
they are not food crops in which a
marked shortage exists.
The estimates, the department
states, are made with the knowledge
that' there is some shortage of the
fertilizer supply, but with the assump
tion that there will be no general
shortage in the supply of seed or
farm machinery which is necessary
in the production of tho wheat crop.
It is assumed also that ample trans
portation facilities will be provided
and a fair price of wheat will be es
tablished. These factors have been
assumed as fixed and satisfactory. If
any one or more fail to bo adjusted
in good time, no person can tell how
serious will be the effect on the total
crop.
The planting and cultivation of
these increased acreages of fall-sown
grains call for unusual efforts on tho
part of the farmers. Plans to place
at the disposal of farmers all assist
ance possible are being perfected in
the United States department of ag
riculture, the state colleges of agri
culture, and other state and local
agencies which co-operate in farming
matters. The assistance of success
ful jxowers of wheat and rye in a
campaign to turn out bumper crops
in 1918 is assured.
The state officials will do their ut
most, to get the acreages expected of
their states into the ground. The
program as originally worked out by
the federal department of agriculture
called for somewhat more than 44,
000,000 acres to be sown to winter
wheat this fall. When this proposal
was presented to the officials of tno
several states a further increase was
considered possible and desirable by
them. As a consequence the recom
mendation for the sowing of 47,337,
000 acres is made.
Following is a summary of the de
partment's recommendations regard
ing winter wheat and rye.
Wheat
The planting of approximately 47,-
337,000 acres to winter wheat, on
the basis of the average yield for the
past ten years, indicates a total pro
duction of 672 million bushels', which
exceeds all . revlous winter-wheat
crops harvested in the United States
with the exception of the crops of
1914 and 1915, when the acreages
harvested and yields per acre were
both above normal.
If the extremely favorable condi
tions under which the winter-wheat
crop of 1914 was grown are again
experienced, the yield of winter
wheat next year will bo 880,000,000
bushels, or by far the largest winter
wheat crop ever produced and even
larger than the total of both winter
and spring wheat crops for all past
years except two.
It is too early to determine the
area which should be sown to wheat
next spring, but if this is equal to
ECZEMA
Also called Tetter, Salt Rheum,
Pruritus, Milk Crust, Water
Reason, Weeping Skin, etc.
WINTER WHEAT ACREAGE
'. Acreage Acreage Per cent
State suggested sown in of increase
for "all fall of over
of 1917 -1916 " 19i'6
New York R20;000 441,000 18
New Jersey .... . 110,000 94,000 17,
Pennsylvania . .. 1,659,000 1,457,000 14,
Delaware 150,000 136,000 10
Maryland 760,000 692,000 10,
Virginia 1,670,000 1,455,000 IE
West Virginia . . 380,000 340,000 12
North Carolina . . 1,180,000 1,053,000 12
Georgia 786,000 393,000 100
South Carolina . .. 325,000 238,000 37-
Florida
Ohio '. 3,000,000 1,879,000 60
Indiana 2,800,000 2,256,000 25
Illinois 2,934,000 2,362,000 24
Michigan 1,059,000 896,000 20
Wisconsin 130,000 101,000 29
Minnesota 95 000 87,000 10
Iowa 525,000 451,000 1'6
Missouri 2,400,000 2,277,000 5
North Dakota . .
South Dakota . . . 182,000 182,000 6
Nebraska . ; 3,674,000 3,645,000 1
Kansas 10,000,000 8,910,000 . 12
Kentucky 1,000,000 884,000 13
Tennessee .,1,080,000 900,000 20
Alabama 200,000 133 000 50
Mississippi . ... 100,000 18,000 455
Louisiana
Texas 1,830,000 1,695,000 8
Oklahoma . ... 4,040,000 3,232,000 '25
Arkansas .... 308,000 225,000 37
Montana ..,,... 1,000 000 775,000 29
Wyoming 85,000 79,000 8"
Colorado 440,000 420,000 5'
New Mexico .... 100,000 94,000 6 -
Arizona 43,000 37,000 16
Utah 275,000, .246,000 12
Nevada 25,000 .22,000 14 "
Idaho .-. 405,000 346,000 .,.17i-. r
Washington .... 850,000 764,000 . 13 .
Oregon 708,000 472,000 50
California 509,000 413000 20
Maximum
acreage
sown in
any year
since 1906
478,000
112,000
1,059,000
136,000
797,000
1,455,000
380,000
1,053,000
393,000
328,000
2,340,000
2,820,000
2,934,000
1,059,000
103,000
87,000
525,000
2,859,000
182,000
3,674,000
8,958,000
968,000
901,000
133,000
18,000
1,730,000
3,232,000
265,000
775,000
79,000
420,000
94,000
. 43,000
266,000
23,000
405,000
1,271,000
692,000
1,669,000
I
United States . . 47,337,000 40,090,000
18
45,306,000
DR. CANNADAY
Eexama Specialist
for 15 Years.
For fifteen years I hare been treating one disease
lone, ECZEMA. I havo handled over one million
cases. I do not pretend to know it all, but I am con
vinced the disease is duo to an excess of aoid in the
blood, and closely related to rheumatism and cancer.
This W RHMt to rwHovwI.
Eczema is called by some people Itch, Tetter, Salt
Rheum, PrurituB, Milk Crust, Weeping Skin, etc. I
am fully convinced Eczema is a curable disease, and
-when I say it can be cured, I mean just vr hat I say
. C-U-R-E-D, and not merely patched up for a while to
return worse than before. It makes no difference
what other doctors have told you, or what all you have tried, all I ask is just &
chance to prove to you that this vast experience has taught me a great deal that
would be of help to you. If you will write me today I will send you a free trial
of my mild, soothing, guaranteed treatment that will do more to convince you
than I or anyone else could in a month's preaching. U'b all up to you If you
suffer any more with eczema and refuse to merely write to me for free trial just
blame yourself. No matter wheje you live, I have treated your neighbors. Merely
dropping me a postal today islikcly to give you more real comfort in a week than
you ever expected to enjoy again. Do it right now, your very life may be at stake
1. E, CANNADAY, M. D., 1413 Court Bk., Sedalia, Mo.
XtfrrtMi: Third NatUnul Bank SriaK, or uk your banker toftnd out alout m.
SmmI &$ Mtk.t mm vTMiUf from eczema. It will fee a load act fey yi.
that sown in the spring of 1917, or
19,000,000 acres, and the yield is up
to the average of the last 10 years, a
crop of 251,000,000 bushels of spring
wheat will be harvested, and if the
yield per acre shpuld equal that ob
tained in 1915 the crop will be 350,
000,000 bushels, the same as the
greatest spring-wheat crop ever pro
duced. Thus, with no increase in the
spring-wheat acreage, but with the
18 per cent increase over the 1916
winter-wheat sowings planned for
this fall, the total wheat crop next
year will be more than one billion
.bushels, if the crop meets with slight
ly better than 10-year average condi
tions. With extremely favorable
conditions, such us were experienced
by the winter-wheat crop in 1914
and the spring-wheat crop in 1915,
the total yield would amount to one
and .one-quarter billion bushels. A
10 per cent increase in spring-wheat
acreage, with favorable growing con
ditions, would add another 30,000,
000 bushels. The figures quoted
above are based upon a winterkilling
of 9 per cent and yields per acre of
15.6 bushels for winter wheat and
13.2 bushels for spring wheat, the av
erages for tho last 10 years, and a
yield per acre in 1914 of 19 btfshels
of winter wheat, and 18.4 bushels of
spring wheat in 1915.
Principal Increases in Wheat Produc
tion The principal increases in acreage
of winter wheat are recommended in
the areas wherei tho acreage devoted
to that cereal is already large and
farmers an accustomed to growing
wuti uuu aro equipped witn ma
chinery for producing the crop. A
material increase also is recommend
ed in most of the areas where the
production of oats and corn is heavy,
since much wheat can be sowl to ad
vantage on oat stubble and in the
standing corn or on ground from
which the corn crop has been re
moved for the silo or cut for fodder.
In some districts the increase in the
acreage could be made larger, but
this has seemed inadvisable for fear
of disorganizing crop rotations, with
injury to crops in succeeding years.
The detailed recommendations re
sulting from the joint consideration
given to the subject by the federal
department of agriculture and by
state officials are shown in the ac
companying table.
Basis of Increased Acreage
Since the acreages sown last fall
are fresh in the memory of farmers,
the sowings suggested for this year
are compared with those for 1916.
For Kansas, where more than one
fifth of the winter wheat of the coun
try was-sown in 1916 and a campaign
for an increase already is under way,
an increase of more than a million
acres, or pne-seventh of the total in
crease" is recommended. Ohio is
asked for one and one-tenth million
acres over last year's sowings. This
is considered possible and desirable
by the agricultural leaders of the
state. Because of available land m
the state, Oklahoma is asked to in
crease the acreage one"f nA'
amounting to more than 800,uuv
acres. Indiana and Illinois are
each asked to increase their acre
age by somewhat more than a nan
million acres, thereby equaling wua.
they have sown in the recent nasi.
Oregon, because of the abnormally