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The Commoner
JANUARY, 191G
27
flHl55l,W li1T,s'',prr'TO3irf5 itvm i yrj WW pryy "y?nt tut?" '
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Report Urges Army of 1,500,000 !j
0 0 0 0 00. 0 .000
0
From The Washington Post, Dec. j
11.
Secretary Garrison made public
yesterday in connection with his an
nual report the special national de
fense report prepared at his request
by the war college devisfon of the
general staff. It shows that the
army itself considers that as a prop
er military policy to secure contin
ental United States from attack it is
necessary to have a mobile army of
i;GOO,000 fully or partially trained
men. It makes the following speci
fic recbmmendations for the organ
ization it believes necessary":
Regular army
With the colors 121.000
Reserves at end of eight-year '
enlistment period 379,000
Total
Continental army-
500,00'0
Under training, three months
a year for each of three
" years 500,000
On. furlough, subject to three
months additional training
before taking the field . . 500,000
Organized militia:
No provision beyond annual
appropriation of $7,000,-
'000 and repeal of all acta
requiring state soldiers to
be received into United ,
.States service in advance
s of any other force in time
vof war.
Grand total, regular and con
tinental 1,500,000
Iii estimating the cost of this -establishment
the report figures as fol
lows for the first year:
Regular army . $258,900,000
tfoWineWaTs''V, :V;. r.w'87,500,d00
Militia . .V.........'. 7,000,000
faulty leadership, needless waste of
lives and property, costly overhead
I
( .
charges augmented by payment of j
bounties to keep up voluntary enlist-. 0
ments, undue prolongation of all
these wars and, finally reckless ex-
penditure of public funds for contin-' 0
uing pensions."
Never Learned the Lesson I
"But. we have not learned our les-'O
AS THK AVAR COLLKGH HKI3K CONDITIONS
Germany might land 827,000 troops in 80 days.
Japan might land 2:19,000 troops in 41 days.
Recommends expenditure of .$500,000,000 first year to raise:
(a) Standing army of 253,500 men.
(b) Reserve of regulars totaling 379,000.
(c) Continental army of 500,000 civilian reserves.
(d) Harbor defenses and material. ";
Declares organized militia not worth place in first line of defonso.
Recommends mobile army iri middle west for any emergency.
0
0
0
" . i . ..,---.,-.,-. .-.-. - . .
son," the report adds. "It has never !3(s(!)(!)jiwi5)(!)'iJtt)(!;'S(S(j)i!)W(f).iS4i
been driven home by tho bitterness'
of defeat. We have never known al
'Total . '......$353,460,000
First Year's Cost Found Too High
In addition to these figures, Sec
retary Garrison points out in a digest
of the special report, an annual ex
pense of $20,000,000 for each of the
four years would be necessary for
harbor defenses and reserve material
would, cost for the first year alone,
$i29,7G8,7SG, making the grand to
tal for the first year $503,328,786.
It was the cost of the war college
plan which led Secretary Garrison to
devise a . modified plan, which has
been presented to congress with tho
backing of tho administration. Un
der that plan the first year's expendi
ture would bo $182,717,036 and a
force of regulars, militia men and
continentals, of 670,843 would be
" produced within three years, which
would be more than doubled by in
cluding the reserves of each branch
which would be created within the
first six year cunlinental enlistment
period. The annual upkeep cost of
the war college plan after the system
is' in full operation is estimated as
$319,473,000 as against $182,234,
559 for the at'. istration plan.
Secretary Garrison's statement
shows that tho war college has been
asked to renew, its consideration of
tho subject in order that certain of
yitefcstimates -may be more fully
worked out.
The report ojens with a consider
ation of the military problem con
fronting tho United States, from
which it reaches tho conclusion that
"the safeguard of isolation no longer
exists," since "the oceans, once bar
rier, are now easy avenues of ap
proach by reason of number, speed
and carrying capacity of -ocean-going
vessels." It declar-s that tho suc-
cessftilutefcmieoffcwars in "imtdah
4tkjomtryas-4)6en,ongftged-nhas4
?givem the public, aswrpng tiaiprasflAon ,;
TOiJlXSnTflCllHo 'UtlBtUlWDfcUUJ :."Ul WICTU
Jena or Sedan."
r Turning to "our- abiding national
policies," the board finds these to be
flic Monroe doctrine and the, policy
of avoiding "entangling alliances."
To maintain these, it says, 'a co-ordinated
policy of land, and sea de
fense must be evolved.
The report contains a1 table, of the!
miutar strength ot the seven lean
ing foreign powers as of August,
1914, and also an estimate of the
available shipping for a military ex
pedition to the United States. It
says a "reasonable estimate" shows !
that Austria-Hungary, with a total
trained force of 4,320,000 men, could
send 180,000 men with all necessary
stores and animals across the seas
'within 40.7 days in two expeditions;
France, with 5,000,000 men, 404,226
in 30 days; Germany, with 5,000,000
men, 827,000 in 30.8 days; Great
! Britain, with 695,000 men, 170,000
iin 27 days; Italy, with 2,600,000 men,
227,000 in 35 days; Japan, with 2,
212,000 men, 238,867 in 41 days, and
Russia, with 5,000,000 men, 104,074
in 40 days.
The qualities of these troops, with
the exception of the , Japanese, who
proved Jheraselyes' n' .th'fc Russian
war, are now being tested, the report
declares, and finds that the result is
to show "an example of resultant
efficiency of any nation that has de
veloped a sound military policy; the
soundest policy being the one which
insures a successful termination of
the war in the shortest time."
Figuring Against Combined Attack
Presenting the military problem
of the country, the report continues:
"Without superiority on the sea
or an adequate land force, there is
nothing to prevent any hostile power
or coalition of powers from landing
on our shores such part of its trained
and disciplined troops as its avail
able transports can carry. The time
required is limited only by the aver
age speed of its vessels and the de
lay necessarily consumed in embark
ing and disembarking."
The report then makes this state
ment of the military problem:
"From what has been stated, . we
are forced to the conclusion that we
must be prepared to resist a com
bined land and sea operation of for
midable strength. Our principal
coast cities and important harbors
have already been protected by har
bor defenses which, by passive meth
od alone, can deny to an enemy the
use of these localities as bases for
such expeditions.
"The enemy being unable to gain
a foothold in any of these fortified
areas, by .'direct. naval attack "will;
therefore be forced to find some suit
able place on the coast from which
land operations can be conducted
both against the important coast
cities and the rich commercial centers
in the interior. Long stretches of
coast line between the fortified
places lie open to the enemy. The
only reasonable way in which these
localities can be defended is by pro
viding a mobile land force of sufll
teienttrengthmovlocatedithat ltvitfay
iiMjUhrown'iinatihreatenedoiHts. at
thefireper time. '" -".'- '-
'rlfcvhas- 4 ua ben shown what the
be, as well as the time required for
any one of. theuuto.developJts whole
effeqtivo force. Hence, it . can be
seen, whon wc take into consideration
the possible two month's delay pro
vided -by the navy, 'that our -system
should bo ablo. to furnish 500,000
trained and organized mobile troops
at tho outbreak of the war and to
have at least 50 M00 -.more available
within 90. days thereafter. Here,
however, it must bo pointed out that
two expeditions alone will provide a
force largo enough to cope with our
1,000,000 mobilo troops, and conse
quently we must at tho outbreak of
hostilities provide tho system to raise
and train, In addition, at least 500,
000 troops to replace tho losses and
wastage Li personnel incident to the
war."
Strength of Regular Army
In its recommendations for the
regular army the report contemplates
a mobile force of 121,000 men with
the colors in continental United
States, 27,000 coast artillery with re
serves to bring the corps up to 60,
000; one reinforced division in the
Philippines, one division in tho Ha
waiian islands, and one in Panama.
Of the Philippines, It says the pol
icy of holding the group Is a nation
al, not a military one, but that it
must bo remembered that unless the
navy holds absolute control of the
sea no additional troops can be sent
there at need. The defense of tho
Pearl Harbor naval base can be ae
day when details of the fight in the
democratic ranks woro disclosed. .
Lynch is reported to bo President
Wilson's choice, and the President's
supporters! aro preparing to combat
tho Bryan pressure.
"Bryan has charged that Lynch i
affiliated with interests which ought
to mako him unavailable for the di
rection of the next democratic cam
paign. Tho division of opinion in
the committee over Lynch seenls to
have started with a proposal, said to
havo been niado by Mr. Lynch,' that
membors of tho committee raise $1
000,000 to be deposited in the J. P
Morgan bank in Now York. Mr,
Lynch's explanation of this is said to
have been that if the 'big fellows?' in
New York knew that tho denjopratic
national committee had a million
dollars in bank it would keep them
in line for democracy. Tho money
was to bo returned to tho depositors
after tho election.
"Members who objected to this
project aro said to havo protested
that Lynch had been maintaining an
ofiico in New York for the sale of
munitions, and that as Mr. Morgan
! is the fiscal agent of the Allies, the
j deposit would havo moro of au effect?
in making Mr. Lynch 'solid', with
Morgan. The plan was rejected, ac
cording to tho talc as it is told here.)
"Some of the members heard that
Mr. Lynch was already engaged in.
collecting funds for the campaign
by assessing postmasters. . ,
"That Bryan would oppose -Lynch
3taUonal.C0nrmittee..n!ay, result . in
:-"waSreveil astartJitigrictaTe'-ofitrength-ofttiese-expeditions mightr) Lynch's defeat became .apparent Vlfc;
who know that Bryan people in Af in-.
nesota have fought Lynch consistent-
If you aro in the habit of being an
innocent bystander take treatment
for your innocence or cease byatand
Ing. Judge.
Don't Wear A Truss
to JkrftMfc fU h4 MbH tttit that chafe and pinch.
Start's tlXtlA-tUi are different frem the Una, betaR
medicine applicators made celNadheslv te prerent
tAlfplnt. 'Ho "dlcBingta" or grinding preesure.
No ilnifg, buckles or sprwge Attached, gimjde
Hose Treatment. tmliMf HHmMkI-I
No delay from work. Hundreds of wo lesUmo-
complished properly, the report con-( i8 not n0W8 to weii-posted democrat,?,
tinues, only uy auuing a mou i.un:u
to the garrison to meet attempts at
landing and a similar situation exists
in the Panama Canal zone, and the
situation of the Guautanamo naval
station, of Porto llico and Alaska aro
also pointed out as requiring perma
nent army garrisons.
The report reviews the situation in
continental United States to show
that because of geographical condi
tions mobile forces must bo main
tained in each of the Puget Sound,
California, Atlantic and middle west
areas. The first three arc described
as the "critical areas." Pugot Sound
should have, It is stated, one division
of troops, legs the divisional cavalry,
and a brigade of three regiments of
cavalry; California and the north At
lantic states one division and a bri
gade of cavalry each; the middle
west, a division less its cavalry and
a brigade of cavalry. Two .brigades
of cavalry are assigned to the Mex
ican border.
Under this distribution there
would be 82,000 regulars of all arms
on overseas service and 148,000 in
tho United .States, or a total stand
ing army with the colors of 230,000
men and officers. Adding noncom
batant forces necessary, a grand to
tal of 281,000 is reached for the
standing army.
ulola frem those ( caret.
I i1 " '' ft ff 1
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OPPOSITION TO LYNCH
A Washington staff correspondent
to the Philadelphia Public Ledger,
under date of Dec. 11, says: "That
SALOfPUPAO
tout ShI Mtfcj Hi tout t:k.
DTMsKWI
Stvt Years tl fefferfeg
Write today for r R fc E
Trial ?! and IHhs
trated book en rapture.
Learn bow to dote the
hernial opening as na
ture intended, to tfee
rapture m'icoaedovn.
No chargi for It, now or
ever; nothing te retuna.
PUmo Lhratrf.
Block 187 St, Louis, Me.
MHEUMATISM Cured
l will gladly send any Rheumatism Bu'f
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Free that Completely Cured mo of a tor
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hirt.Gr nnnnfiitinn on the nart of WI1
-Ham- Jpnnlnza JBrvan to the KilpeHori iKh.u.qontaJned in It, .and- you can see
nam. Jennings jjryan 10 me SLiucnpn. ,for,yourKac.4ctly-whati'f)U.um taking.
the '.next chairman of the -democratic
"JC-'JllKlstd!yehdithls.ltoclpe absolutely
Jfro to 'any -sufferer who will send name
- -aiuKaddre&H, Inconvenient, enclose-two -
innnniin ." c.j
f.tis AHKtffM, fIlformlH. "
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