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The Commoner.
VOLUME 12, NUMBER 8
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No prad'
See These Ranges
lf loar uceuer a ociure uujms
lent henaemfe should taut to a printed dos-.ptioc la
THEODORE ROOSEVELT'S
COLUMBUS SPEECH
(Continued from Page 7.)
only by close .govermental super
vision of all stocks, so as to prevent
over-capitalization.
RIGHTS OF MAN FIRST
ed
any other
dealers in
pay you to
ransre. i uu are
" J" " " " . """' - jTj I U J.-ni,fI TKr iri M.
ranie on carta. iwn ya a vv r"w ,1 1j" naa.i . ,.
nrlir every county in raw-w yw wm -c - "-; -,,-.-.,. u.. ?,.
rfrrt.ra extra tea ilJ. if seed be. to aee and carelnlU examine en ufw We ; V"" ' ;
vrSmarMe of any kmd. Yea don't bay a ransre every -. ? v,?7.3f;
ind ?K& want the tJtyoor money can procure-on that Tnii bit a hie tus-tfcu 5 the
XJWec QlSt ftf ftfC
Baker-
A Fuel Malleable and
Saver Charcoal Iron
stic
Kane
Outwears
Three
Ordinary
Ranges
The Majestic is the OHLY range made entirety of malleable iron and charcoal iron.
Charcoal iron won't rvit like jf-raaI!eaLla Iron can't break. The Majestic a pat together
with rivets joints and Kama ab.vluteiy air tight like an engine boilrr. Oven lined ita guar
anteed pure asbestoe board, covered with an iron grate yoa can see if. o heat escapes cr
eold air gets In. Injuring a dependable baking heat rrith half ike foe! required in ordaary rangea.
All Copper Movable Reservoir Other Exclusive Features
Reservoir in in direct contact with fire and heat3 like a tea kettle throngh a copper pocket
stamped from one piece of copper a patented feature found enlyin the Majestic.
Had an Oven Thermometer accurate, not sometimes, but all the time All dco?3 drop down and
form rigid shelves. Open end ash pan ventilated ash pit ash cap that catches a3hs
fcsSt. and preventa them from falling on noor. it s tne beat range at any price and sfiucua De
If yoar kitchen. Write for otrr booklet. Range Comparison .
i
in j
mim Maiofir Mrmnfnc-riiTTncr fVi .. f?3SSiM
ri-c, rrr-X-r Uept. 145 ot. iuouis, mo, 1. H' 'JSS3
BARGAI
for Limited Time to New or Renewing Subscribers
N
OFFER
THE COMMONER m THRICE-A-WEEK
NEW YORK WORLD, both
One Year for Only One Dollar.
Addres Order to THE COMMONER, Uncoh, Nebr
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THE COJDIONER
ment'0ted l0 the CaU5 of sood
THE AMERICAN HOMESTEAD
e yopuiar rarm
monthly.
and household
THE HOUSEWIFE
,Avfutlfully Printed and illustrate
All Three for 1 rf r
i?" Year. PranJJ oh I .1 II ff
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rjS&iu5dLJwv5S tan,. f ono year Send remit.
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tanc to
The Commoner, Lincob, Neb
1 "We stand for the rights of prop
! erty, but we stand even more for the
rights of man. We will protect tne
rights of the wealthy man, but we
maintain that he holds his wealth
subject to the general right of the
community to regulate his business
use as the public welfare requires.
"We also maintain that the nation
and the several states have the right
to resulate the terms and conditions
of labor, which is the chief -element
of wealth, directly in the interest of
the common good. It is our prime
duty to shape the industrial and
social forces so that they may tell
for the material and moral upbuild
ing of the farmer and the wage
worker, just as they should do in
the case of the business man. You,
framers of this constitution, be care
ful so to frame It that under it the
people shall leave themselves free to
do whatever is necessary in order to
help the farmers of the state to get
for themselves and their wives and
children not only the benefits of bet
ter farming but also those of better
conditions of life on the farm.
Moreover, shape your constitu
tional action so that the people will
be able through their legislative
bodies, or, failing that, by direct
popular vote, to provide workmen's
compensation acts, to regulate the
hours of labor for children and for
women, to provide for their safety
while at work, and to prevent over
work or work under unhygienic or
unsafe conditions. See to it that no
restrictions are placed upon legisla
tive powers that will prevent the
enactment of laws under which your
people can promote the general wel
fare, the common good. Thus only
will the 'general welfare' clause of
your constitution become a vital
force for progress, instead of remain
ing a mere phrase. This also applies
to the police powers of the govern
ment. Make it perfectly clear that
on every point of this kind it is your
intention tnat the people shall decide
for themselves how far the laws to
achieve their purposes shall go, and
that their decision shall be binding
.upon every citizen in the state, offi
cial or non-official, unless, of course,
ice supreme court or the nation in
any given case decides otherwise.
"So much for the ends of govern
ment; and I have, of course, merely
sketched in outline what the ends
should be. Now for the machinery
uj. mt:u tnese ends are to be
achieved; and here again remember
I only sketch in outline and do not
for a moment pretend to work out in
detail the methods of achieving your
purposes. Let me at the outset urge
upon you to remember that, while
machinery is important, it is easy to
overestimate its importance; and
moreover, that each community has
me aubuiuie ngnt to determine for
itself what that machinr-v ch.u
subject only to the fundamental law
of the nation as expressed in the con
stitution of the United States. Mas
sachusetts has the right to have ap
POilitIle3udse3 who rve during
JS? beavi0rL SIlb3ect t0 removaf,
aJnJS? bnt simple
w i i tue two "uses of
the legislature whenever the repre-
natiV?S0f the pePle feel that the
tS?8i fvhe pople recluIre such re
moval. New York has the right to
Se a long-term elective judiciary
Ohio has tie right to have a short!
term elective judiciary without the
recall California, Oregon, and Ar
zona have each and every onanf
them the right to have I 20S M
elective judiciary irtttoSn
:??h5 v7, f ihe f0Ur stems I p
for the Massachusetts one, If addition
be made to It -as I hereinafter inrii
cate; but that I merely my preference
and neither I nor any one else within
or without public life has the right to
impose his preference upon any com
munity when the question is as to
how that community chooses to ar
range for its executive, legislative, or
judicial functions. But as you have
invited me to address you here I will
give you my views as to the kind of
governmental machinery whih at
this time and under existing social
and Industrial conditions it seems to
me that, as a people, we need
FOR THE SHORT BALLOT
In the first place, I believe in the
short ballot. You can not get good
service from the public servant if
you can not see him, and there is no
more effective way of hiding him
than by mixing him up with a multi
tude of others so that there are none
of them important enough to catch
the eye of the average, workaday
citizen. The crook in public life is
not ordinarily the man whom the
people themselves elect directly to a
highly important and responsible po
sition. The type of boss who has
made the name of politician odious
rarely himself runs for high elective
office; and if he does and is elected,
the people have only themselves to
blame. The professional politician
and the professional lobbyist thrive
most rankly under a system which
provides a multitude of elective offi
cers, of such divided responsibility
and of such obscurity that the pub
lic knows, and can know, but little
as to their duties and the way they
perform them. The people have
nothing whatever to fear from giving
any public servant power so long as
they retain their own power to hold
him accountable for his use of the
power they have delegated to him
You will get best service where you
elect only a few men, and where each
man has his definite duties and re
sponsibilities, and is obliged to wor ;
In the open, so that the people kne'
who he is and what he is doing, ar.i
have the information that will enable
them to hold him to account for his
stewardship.
I believe in providing for direct
nominations by the people, including
therein direct preferential primaries
for the election of delegates to the
national nominating; conventions. Not
as a matter of theory, but as a mat
ter of plain and proved experience,
we find that the convention system,
while it often records the popular
will, is also often used by adroit poli
ticians as a method of thwarting the
popular will. In other words, the
existing machinery for nominations
is cumbrous, and is not designed to
secure the real expression of the
popular desire. Now as good citi
zens we are all of us. willing to
acquiesce cheerfully in a nomination
secured by the expression of a ma
jority of the people, but we do not
like to acquiesce in a nomination se
cured by adroit political manage
ment in defeating the wish of the
majority of the people.
"I believe in the election of United
States senators -by direct vote. Just
as actual experience convinced our
people that presidents should be
elected (as they now are in practice,
although not in theory) by direct
vote of the people instead of by direct
vote through an untrammeled elec
toral college, so actual experience
has convinced U3 that senators
should be elected by direct vote of
the people instead of indirectly
through the various legislatures.
FOR DIRECT LEGISLATION
"J believe In the initiative and
the referendum, which should b
used not to destroy representative
government but to correct it when
ever it becomes misrepresentative.
Here again I am concerned not with
theories but with actual facts. U
in any state the people are then-
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