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10
The Commoner.
VOLUME 10; NUMBER if
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WIE LIFE STORY OF COUNT LEO
TOLSTOY
(Continued, from Page JS)"" -4
1878. He was a philosopher and
moralist from his youth. Ho nqvor
was content with ahls position, in
life and that restless, dissatisfied
spirit always was predominant in his
.actions " and writings. He was a
philosophical nihilist. He was ready
to break away from his environ
ment and to join the masses, but
his marriage and-subsequent' family
kept him attached to his aristocratic
class.
A great conflict was going on in
his mind. Ho could not sympathize
with the movement against the gov
ernment, but at the same time he
hated the government. Ho hated
himself for the shallow and dual
life he led, and life lost all interest
for him. So great was his despon
dency that he was thinking of self
destruction. But Tolstoy was too
strong a man to commit suicide, so
he staffed out to seek a solution of
his predicament; to find some goal,
some harbor in which to land Tils
distracted mind, his wearied soul,
to start life anew under some new
banner, which would give him con
tentment, happiness and usefulness;
and this he Anally found in the love
for the masses, the peasants and
working people, and the more he
studied the masses, tho more lie
loved them, and with that. lovecame
satisfaction, content and easiness at
heart and mind, and Indifference and
disgust with his own class of people.
, His motto became "Live as the
millions live, toil as the millions
toil," and with this motto Schoep
penhauer's teachings of pessimism
and self annihilation vanished like
the misty fog before the golden rays
of the morning sun.
The impression he got in the
slumB of Moscow in 1861, strength
ened him in his belief that the only
thing to do was to go among the peo
ple and abandon his position -as a
rich landlord. Nowthere was nothing
now even in that Idea. He again,
as in many other cases, was ten
years behind the times. "Among the
people" party was at that time in
its zenith, and many a brave 'son
of Russia, many of the flower of
Russian, youth, have sacrificed their
liberties, their rich homes and their
lives, for the people.
Upon his return to Yasanaja Pol
jana he gave up his mansion to his
family and lived in a small room hy
himself, doffed his aristocratic frock
of a count, and donned tho garb of
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J
a peasant, and started to work like"
one of tho millions, following the
plow, and to live, the JBimple life of
a peasant.
By accepting the simple life of a
monjik, Tolstoy also accepted his
creed,, the Qreek" orthodox church,
but here he rebelled. The hypocrisy
and sham of the prlestdomj the dis
tortion of the teachings of Christ and
the dogmatic frills was more than hi&
honest heart and profound mind could
ondure. Consequently, he started to
interpret Christianity in its true
sense, irrespective of the teachings
of the different churches, and to re
vise the gosjpel lit ordor to find ,the
real meaning of the great teachings
and precepts, showing the difference
between the words of Christ 'and the
interpretation given by the churches.
His ideas are given In the follow
ing books and pamphlets: "Dog
matic Theology' "Confession,"
"Whatsis My Fate?." "What is Then
to be' Don?" "The Kingdom of God
Is Within You," '.'Christianity Not as
a Mystic Teaching, but as a- New Un
derstanding of Life' "The Life and
the Teachings of Christ," "'My Reply
to tho Synod's Edict of Excommuni
cation," "What is Religion?" "On
Life," etc., etc.
In all these works he gives a ra
tional interpretation of Christianity
and it teachings, stripping from it
all mysticism and agnosticism, and
laying bare the purely spiritual
teaching that ought; to guide men to
a 'higher life, a life' of equality and
brotherly relations with all men
Tolstoy hates all that Is mvRtten
and dogmatic in Christianity, and
never rails to grasp the opportunity
to criticise or to scorn bitterly with
all the might of his genius, the
church ap,d prlestdom. .His.phillipics
against the church. . and. vpriestdom
led to his excommunication from the
Russian church, which, however,- did
not change his views, but, on the
contrary, spurred him on to arraign
them stii; more fiercely?' "
Tolstoy sees in the belief of the
immortality of the. soul, a different
interpretation .and deeper meaning,
namely, arranging our life so as to
maKe it serviceable to mankind and'
to lhe universe.
Tolstoy's ideas of God, like those
of Spfnoza, is of a pantheistic char
acter, describing him as life, love,
or as an ideal within the individual
conscience of man, shaping him in
an abstract form of a desire to bene
fit life and creation. His idea of
God is rather a rational one. as,
after a man arrives at the age" of
self-co'nscieneiqusness, he desires in
dividual welfare first, and then'urii
versal welfare, and, as universal wel
fare can be obtained only by con
cord and perfect union among men,
hence. Tolstoy's definition of- God is
in harmony with life and existence.
Tolstoy may be called a true dlaciple
of Christ, following the teachings
laid down by Jesus in His "Sermon
on the Mount."
As first Tolstoy preached the doc
trine of non-resistance to evil, but
finding that this doctrine was not in
conformity with his conception of
God, he changed it to "Don't resist
evil by violence," and finally he
preached the doctrine o passionate
resistance against the different forms
of evil and evil doers, but objecting
to physical force in resisting evil.
The other doctrines of Tolstoy's
teachings sort of ten command
ments aTe as follows:
"Don't be angry."
"Remain true to one woman with
whom you are united In life."
"Avoid temptations and all that ex
cite passion," .
"DO Ot. tVft YI fVBtTl linnsii a
I oath binds yon especially to the1 &jy-
ernmeni waica take advantage of
. - . .! '
iyour position when bound by'aBu v 'J V
oath' -ri' ..Jr.
"T A. l aMAHJa. ft
uuvu j' wu.1 enemies.
"Neter prosecute' anyone beforea-'"
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"Live" the simple life in food, r
drjess and in dwelling,"' V'lV! ,;.
"Do your own manual labor.'"- -' VIX "t'p--"
Tolstoy in . studying- -the funda- j'jf-
mental principles of other religions; f S .
as well as- Christianity, sifts- ffbm.7? H3S;
1,1x0 latici u.11 luai VUiiuuu uu auujnuu ,
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Intense
Sufferingr,;
Prom Dyspepsia and - Stomach Xi-
Trouble
" iGP.t '... J..iri
Instantly Relieved "and Permanently
Cured bv StiinrtR T)vRnnnRln
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A. New Discovery, "but Not a Patent" ;V&?
Medlcino ' t'-Q&r"
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Dr. Redwell relates an .'interesting
account of what he considers a re (V ... .
markahle case of acute stomach - c '-.,"
trouble and chronic dyspepsia bythdr !
use of the new discovery, Stuart' ,- Wr'
Dyspepsia Tablets. ' ' '.','v "
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He says: "The patient was a man
who had suffered, to my knowledgej1"
for years with dyspepsia. Every-",
thing he ate seemed to sour and crem
ate gases in the stomach. He had
pains like rheumatism in the back;
shoulder blades and limbs, fullness
and distress after eating, poor appe
tite and loss of flesh: the nea-M hf-
came affected, causing, palpitation,
and sleeplessness at night.
"I gave him powerful nerve tonics
and Dlood remedies, "but to no pur- ... .
pose. As an experiment I finally
bought a 50-cent; package of Stuart's j
Dyspepsia Tablets at a drug stord'
and gave them to him. Almost lin- - ""7
mediate Telief was given and after ; . - -,- -he
had used four boxes lie was to all ' ' "C
appearances fully cured.
"There was no more acidity or . yf
sour, watery risings,- no . bloating- '.-."
after meals, the appetite was vigor-1-
ous and he has gained between -10
atfd 12 pounds In weight of solid, -
healthy flesh. " ' '.-,.-.
"Although Stuart's Dyspepsia Tab
lets are advertised and sold in drug- " -stores,
yet I consider them a moat - ,
valuable addition to any physician's
line of remedies, as they are perfect- '
ly harmless and can be glyen to ' -children
or invalids of in any condi- ;
tion of the stomach with .perfect
safety, Deing harmless and contain-' :
ing nothing bnt fruit and vegetable '
essences, pure pepsin and Golden -Seal.
" ',",'
"Without attyiiestlon. they art ' "X
the M.fes'most effective cure for in " '
dieeetlbn. bilioukna. .nnaHnf -,
i and all dersmgiments of the toi - 3 r
I ach, howeyer slight or aeyere." : -7K ''
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