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The Commoner.
FEBRUARY 19, 1909
13
- fv ir-"jrr'v ' "'"' f ' "v-
$13,440 Cash from
28 Acres of Onions
W. A. McNeil planted 28 acres in
onions at Santa MaTia, Texas, in the
Gulf Coast Country. The yield av
eraged 400 crates per acre, for which
he received $1.20 per crate, or $480
an acre. His total receipts from the
28 acres was $13,440. Pretty good
results from four months' work.
Mr. McNeil is no exception. Profits of
from $300 fo $1,000 an aero are of com
mon occurrence in the Gulf Coast
country.
Are you doing this well? Why shouldn't
you? Raising fruit, and vegetables in
the Gulf Coast Country is simple any
ono can. do it. A few acres will be all
you need. You can buy it on easy
terms, and the first crop, if properly
cared for, should more than pay for
the land. Tho Gulf Coast Country is a
delightful place in which to live. Mild,
sunny winters Gulf-breezo cooled
summers.
Investigate this proposition while the
land is within your reach next year
it will cost more.
Let me send you some further informa
tion about the big profits growers are
making in tho Gulf Coast Country. Wo
thisin attrmcU?oThc
printed orm.fi. .rM '
Write for a free UanKl. 01 MlftCnca.
copy toaay.
JNO. SEBASTIAN
Pass. Traffic Hgr,
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THE CRISIS IN EASTERN EXCHANGE
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To tho Editor of "The Observer,"
London.
Sir: Will you permit a short let
ter on the present position of our
exchanges with Asia? That crisis,
with all its affiliations in Indian un
rest, is tho leading economic inci
dent of our time; and'I believe that
after slumbering for twelve years
public opinion, however reluctantly,
is about to return to its considera
tion. The official blue book on "Wages
and Prices," published by the gov
ernment of India, shows just what
we should expect, seeing that the
Indian mints were closed for tho pro
claimed purpose of contracting the
Indjan currency, that while the gold
price of silver has fallen not much
short of two-thirds since 1873, yet
rupee wages in India and the rupee
prices of local commodities are not
appreciably higher, and, indeed, in
tho case of unskilled Indian labor
are actually lower. And the same
is truC'of wages and prices in China.
Now mark what follows: In a letter
I received recently from Senator
Teller from Washington he sums up
the yellow industrial peril bred of
broken exchanges very shortly and
vividly. He says: "Formerly five
gold dollars purchased Ave silver
taels, and five taels then paid for
one day the wages of twenty-five
Chinese mill hands; but today five
gold dollars purchase twelve Chinese
taels and twelve taels pay the wages
for ono day of sixty Chinese mill
hands." It was with such exchange
conditions already in sight that the
late Prof. Emile do Laveleye, him
self a,n ardent free, trader,, in the last
letter I ever received from him (I
think in 1888) wrote: "Failing tho
restoration of silver, the world must
return to protection."
Ev3ry year.it becomes more clear
that the condition precedent to free
exchanges (free trade) is fixed ex
changes. The mere fall in the silver
exchanges with Asia in the past
eighteen months has cut off the pow
er to purchase our goods by one
half the hu'man race. The Chinaman,
if offered Manchaster cottons at our
sterling quotation, says: "Before I
buy your cotton I must buy your
sterling; a year since I bought a
bill on. London for a sovereign with
nine taels, but today I must pay
twelve taels; therefore, you have lost
my custom and I propose in future
to draw any trade balance in silver
which, though a 'commodity' in the
west, is money here, and I will build
with that money my own mill and
be independent of you and your ex
change convulsions caused by your
own legislation."
I remember in 1894 our consul
general at Hakodate tending us this
concrete instance of tho closing of
the nominally "open door" in the
far east. Such an instance is worth
a stack of theories. In 1892 Hako
date advertised for tenders for a new
water system; she needed 1,500 tons
of water mains. A Middlesbrough
firm got the contract with a bid of
4 4s. per ton, each four guineas
at that time requiring an exchange
of twenty-eight Hakodate dollars. In
1894 Hakodate for an extension re
quired 1,600" tons more of iron pipes.
The same British firm tendered, this
time 4 per ton, but the exchange
had fallen to such a point that now
forty-two dollars were required to
buy each 4. Accordingly Hakodate
rejected all bids, erected a foundry,
manufactured her own pipes, and
when last heard from was exporting
pipes to China and India.
It is a safo forecast that if the
silver exchanges with Asia remain as
low as now, in the next quarter of
a century many of our staple indus
tries our cotton, our steel and leath
er trades will have been transferred
bodily to China. The largest coal
and iron field in tho world is in tho
Chinese province of Shansi.
I hear you, sir, say: "By all
means; wo admit that tho fall in sil
ver exchange has theso deplorable
consequences, but so also ban lock
jaw serious consequences, and it only
remains for us to adopt a protective
tariff against Asia and to further
accept the fact that cheap silver has
deprived us of the trade of eight
hundred millions of people." And,
such being your view, if, indeed, it
is your view, I leave the issue there.
I now come to tho position in In
dia. India In 1897, despite the
warning of every economist, had
adopted a gold standard. With what
happy prescience Sir Robert GIffen
wrote to the Times of this nefarious
experiment (May 19, 1898):
"Tho highest political issues are
also involved. One of the Jiost
dangerous things for a government
to do is to tamper with the people's
money. Is it certain that tho In
dian government can go on long with
its present ideas regarding money
without producing the gravest com
plications in the government of
India itself?"
I fear that at that timo I and others
gave great offense in official quarters
by asserting that the sixth and eighth
commandments were involved. For
Mr. W. H. Grenfell could not
The Wizard of Horticulture
Mr. Luther Burbank says:
' ' The Delicious atPle is correctly named.
It is the best in quality of any apple I have
so far tested it is agent,' and he knows
The U. S. Pomologist
Col. Gcordc B. Bracked, says:
"J always tola you I consider Delicious
best of all varieties you have introduced"
A Free Sample
of this famous Delicious apple will be sent on re
quest. It is the greatest quality Apple of tho ac.
selling at 50? moro than Jonathan. No orchard
is up-to-date without Delicious trees. Stark Trees
aro always best; always bear fruit and every tree
has our reputation of 84 years backing it. Our
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Write today for the free sample apple, alio for
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Stark Bro's Box 45 Louisiana, Mo,
I
Snd M Cts.
and tho 44r(f mt 2
ftawr-fvfns frla1
md I will lead vou in vbcw 16th Annual Cattle com'
plete with all latest sad favorite flowers, hard, aertfesr
ciowb, at half the usual prices, sad a packet of
BURBAMK'S VoNSf POPPIES
This fiae new strata of we veil kaewn Shirley Is one
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A for it cents: also a copy i
Address Table 137 MISS O. H. LIIfINCOTT
beautifully crimped. Or I will sesd packets for 10 cents,
fpr IS centti also a copy of P LORAL CULTU R K.
Lddress Table 137 MISS O. H. LIPPIrlCOT
2-04 lOth Street, 8., Minneapolis, Minn.
one.
stomach it, stated tho case, and re
signed from parliament. Enough to
say that the mints were closed and
half a dozen officials, not more, and
Lord George Hamilton were permit
ted to ride rough-shod over public
opinion, which had been aroused and
alarmed from every direction. The
result has been what we now see. If
a man in this country borrows 100
at four ner cent, the law. nermita
llwt 4-r vny 4-Vi r Tif Mrtel- ?!. orvxr
ereigns) with any ounce of gold, and
similarly, before the closing of the
Indian mints, any ryot who had bor
rowed a hundred rupees at four per
cent could pay the interest (Rs4)
with any four tolas of silver bullion.
But today he must pay his creditor
eight tolas. Lord George Hamilton's
currency experiments have doubled
the burden of debt for tho Indian
ryot. Hence an exceeding bitter cry.
Hence, too, people, who, with
bancles. ornaments, and other
hoards representing tho very rupees
they themselves years since melted
down for safety, starve to death just
as often as there is a famine. Mr.
David Yule, president of the Bank of
Calcutta', has said of this aggrandise
ment of every debt:
"How long will the money lenders
suffer repayment of their advances
to fall into arrear? The agricultural
population of this country display a
dogged patience at their toil, but the
money lenders have the doggedness
without the patience. The village
grogshop harbors the result a dis
solute and heart-broken peasant,
once a thriving ryot."
By refusing to coin their silver on
demand, we have rendered useless
the real famine reserve fund, their
little hoards, which these poor peo
ple have painfully accumulated with
hundreds of years of toll.
The Indian government today, on
every sixteen penny rupee it coins
and sells to its citizens, makes a
profit of almost eightpence! It is
exactly as though the government
here made the coining of gold a state
monopoly, and sold half-sovereigns
for a pound. If Mr. Lloyd George
is looking for fresh hen-roosts to
plunder here, indeed, is jo. hen that
lays golden eggs; and why should
he fail to emulate in England the
performances of Lord George Ham
ilton in India? Let our chancellor
of the exchequer also sell his half
sovereigns for a pound to starving
"out of works" in debt to local mon
ey lenders.
It seems incredible that under a
cloud of verbiage we have really
park's aoMJiiB&vjbriiS':
worth Wc. All Free it yoa write me a letter, not a postal.
AND WHEN WfUTfKB Why ftftt mcIm 10 eft fw
I'Mrk'sKlorftlMnraxlnc, acharmlnKllIuittr'd
montiiiy, briftiittwn Marigold, i yonr. wiin put uotiuio
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3 tots 25c. Chib with f rl wh!s. K0. W. PARK. 35,1a Park, Pc
S
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EEDS THAT GROW
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.JrJ!1 AMiUm. cWnvav. Heed 1'OtatOCH.
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"--- :--,.. -; titr-., vi.iii
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KJIsilBlfrpyfr'Z
