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'rEBRUART 26, 1904.
The Commoner.
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HE CAREER OP THE LATE "SENATOR
Hanna Is briefly described bv the Cincinnati
I Commercial Tribune in this way: "Marcus Alouzo
juanna, united States senator from Ohio, 1897 to
t!905; born at New Lisbon, now Lisbon, O., Sep
tember 24, 1837: son of Dr. Leonard and Sirninn-
itha Converse Hanna, has lived in Cleveland since
fi&w. Educated in common schools and Western!
rResorve College: LL.D.. Kenvon Colleco iflnn?'
; married, September 27, 1864, C. Augusta, daughter
'or. uaniei e. itnoaes, of Cleveland. Became em
ploye of and later partner in wholesale grocery
house until 1867: now head of M. A Hnntin &
Co., coal; director Globe Ship Manufacturing com
pany, president union National bank, president
Gleveland City Railway company all of Cleve
land: president ChaDin Minine conmanv. Lake Su
perior. Directed campaigns which secured nomi
nation and Election and re-election of William
McKinley as president. Chairman national re
i publican committee since 1S96. Home. Cleve
land, O." "
it r
s.np HE OHIO LEGISLATURE, BEING JNOW IN
R J session, will choose Mr. Hanna's surwesgnr.
, . . .
Although Mr. Hanna was re-elected to the senate
by the present legislature, his first term had not
expired, and will not expire, until March 4, 1305.
The senator chosen to succeed Mr. Hanna will,
therefore, be elected to All the unexpired term ter
minating March 4, 1905, and the full term of six
years commencing March 4, 1905. Some question
is raised as to the power of the present legisla-
ture to do any more than choose a Jena tor to
I complete the present term. The Cincinnati Corn-
Is mercial Tribune says: "The United States consti
tution is silent on this subject, and there are no
trprecedonts in Ohio, no United States senator hav-
! ihg died In office, while the legislature was in ses
sion. However, the United States revised statutes
provide as follows: 'Whenever during the session
fcof the legislature of any state a vacancy occurs
In the representation of such state in the senate,
similar proceedings to -fill "such vacancy shall be
had on the second Tuesdav -after the legislature
has organized and has notice of such vacancy.' "
NO ONE UNDERTAKES TO SAY JUST WHAT
effect Mr. Hannah , death will have upon
politics, particularly that of the republican party.
While it Is generally admitted that Mr. Hanna's
death removes all opposition to Mr. Roosevelt's
nomination, it is also claimed by some Washing
ton correspondents that in spite of the differences
between Messrs. Roosevelt and Hanna, the presi
dent has lost a valuable friend by Mr. Hanna's
death. It is claimed that Mr. Hanna had much to
4o "with holding Mr. Roosevelt on the stand-pat
policy, so far as concerns the tariff question, and
it -was believed that after Mr. Roosevelt's nomina
tion Mr. Hanna would bend his energies to Mr.
Roosevelt's election; and in republican circles it
seems to "be generally admitted that the party has
suffered irreparable loss in the removal of its
long-time leader.
ALREADY THE CHANGE IN THE OHIO
political situation is noticeable,, and the sit
uation is described by the Cincinnati Commercial
Tribune in this way: "The death of Senator M.
A. Hanna marks a new epoch in Ohio politics. It
is the signal for a new partisan alignment, a re
arrangement of the factional lines of the republi
can party. It is more than that it is the begin
ning of new managements, the passing of old
landmarks and the commencement of a long
contest for supremacy between a number of state
leaders. No event in the history of Ohio politics
in two decades has had the effect of breaking down
party alignments, rearranging party leaderships
and building up new forces to such an extent as
will the doath of the junior senator. His mantle
will not be placed upon the shoulders of any one
man in Ohio, but a number of prominent republi
cans will assume a portion of his responsibility
and power as a party leader. There will be np
dictator. Past party services,. . party popularity
personal ability arid avallaoillty tare the standards
which are used In securing the men who must,. in
a degree, assume the party responsibilities hereto
fore centered in Senator Hanna."
SOME IDEA OF THE POWERFUL STRIDES
taken in the affairs of war may bo obtained
from a statement made by Lieutenant General
Chaffee in an address delivered recently in Al
bany, N. Y. General Chaifee's subject was "Mili
tary Progress since 18G1." The Associated press
report says: "General Chafteo showed how the
Spanish war and the resulting military conditions
have aroused again tho military enthusiasm which
waned after the civil war, and dwelt upon the im
portance in time of peace of adequate preparation
for war. Speaking of the new field gun, Chaffee
said: 'The new field gun that has been adopted
and will soon be issued is astonishing when com
pared with tho fidld gun of 1861. It fires a shot
weighing fifteen pounds, with muzzle velocity of
1,700 feet per second, at the rate of twenty shots
A minute, equal to gun energy of 6,700-foot tons
per minute, as against about 125-loot tons for
the old 12-pounder. It is etated that a battery or
six of our new field guns represents more execu
tion than the 180 union guns at Gettysburg.' "
AN INTERESTING STORY IS PRINTED IN
the Chicago Tribune from tho pen of its
Washington correspondent This correspondent
says that Senator Hanna's final delirium took the
form of a personal demonstration of his loyalty to
Theodore Roosevelt. The Tribune correspondent
says: "For a considerable length of time before
he died and preceding the stupor which came dur
ing the last day Senator Hanna had periods of in
coherence, during which it was easy to discover
what was in his mind. Ho thought he waa In the
next republican national convention. He con
ducted the details of its management, making sug
gestions from time to time and thon on the floor
of the convention Itself appeared to bo' swept Into
the full tide of an effort to restrain the enthus
iasm of his own friends and to direct It loyally
in his own blunt fashion to the benefit of Theodore
Roosevelt. As near as tho nurses could detect
from his rambling talk, which at times was sin
gularly incisive and then again drifted into abso
lute incoherence, he was again and again on-the
floor of the convention addressing at times his
own delegation and then the great body of tho
convention itself, urging, imploring, and, demand
ing they should join with him in insisting on the
nomination of Theodore Roosevelt In his mut
tered talk he disclaimed again and again any per
sonal ambition and declared President Roosevelt,
and he alone, was entitled to tho nomination be
cause he was in the place, and because his admin
istration had been a fair one. There seems no
doubt this delirium reflected what was in the sen
ator's mind when he began to lose consciousness.
His vague talk probably foreshadowed what he
intended to do, and it may be safely assumed that
when the right time came he would have stood up
in his place as one of the 'big four' of the Ohio
delegation, or from the platform by virtue of his
position as chairman of the national committee,
and declared for Roosevelt."
THE EDITOR OF THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE
in an editorial declared that in January,
1897, and prior to Mr. McKinley's inauguration for
his first term, Mr. McKinley stated that he was
under great obligations to Mr. Hanna, and would
be glad to reward him In any way that Mr. Han
na desired to be secretary of the treasury; but,
that, in Mr. McKinley's opinion, that office called
for a different order of ability from that which
Mr. Hanna possessed. According to the Tribune
editor Mr. McKinley offered to mako Mr. Hanna
postmaster general, but the offer was declined,
and Mr. McKinley's failure to permit Mr. Hanna
to realize his ambition by becoming secretary of
the treasury did not interfere in the. least with,
the strong friendship, existing between the Awo.
men.
T
FOREIGN CABLEGRAMS SAY THAT THE
people of Turkey are rejoicing because of
the recent Japanese successes, and are urging their
government to take advantage of Russla'grpredica
ment and declare war on Bulgaria, with the hope
of administering a lesson to that country and re
covering Southern Rouraania.
WHAT IS REFERRED TO AS "THE GREAT
est combination In tho histoiy of the dis
tilling business in tho country" waa formed re
cently in Now York city. This combination not
only embraces tho organization known as the
whisky trust, but also takos lii all independent
distilleries of tho country, with two or three ex
ceptions, and the promoters of the combination
say that these may soon come into lino. The
New York correspondent to the Chicago Tribune
says that by this combination practically the en
tire producing capacity of tho country Is brought
under a single management, which will regulate
tho output and prices, and oxerclso absolute con
trol over the trade. An agreement provides that
distributers of alcohol and spirits, independent
concerns as well as those controlled by what is
popularly called tho whisky trust, shall form a
now association that will take in practicaly the
entire trade of the country, and work in harmony,
and in perfect understanding with tho distiller
combination.
IT
THE NAME OF THE ORGANIZATION WILL
be "The Distillers' Association of America."
Tho Tribune correspondent gays that this combi
nation Is rendored necessary "by fear of possible
interference from federal authorities and to guard
against liability under the anti-trust law." It
is further explained by this correspondent that
over 95 per cent of tho distilling Interests of
the country was represented. The utmost har
mony prevailed. There was a general agreement
that any clash or cutting would result in harm,
not only in tho localities directly affected, but to
the trade as an entirety. Tho independent inter
ests, It was admitted, had grown to such propor
tions that rivalry with tho "trust" meant a pro
longed and costly warfare. The necessity of con
certed action in fighting so-called harmful laws,
either in congress or before state legislatures, was
discussed. An executivo committee was appointed
to prepare the details and put into effect the
agreement Prices throughout the country will
be fixed and maintained a.? the juagment of the
executive committee decides. There will bo no
cutting of rates and no competition. Heavy pen
alties from which there Is no escape are provided
for violation of any part of the agreement As
an auxiliary in the combine, distributers of alco
hol and spirits, who take the entire product of
distilleries, in a few days will form a new or
ganization, taking in all tho independent and cor
poration concerns.
REV. CLINTON LOCKE, RECTOR EMERI
tus of Grace Episcopal church at. Chicago,
died recently at Viloxi, Mass., where ho had vis
ited since January 20 in the hope of recovering his
health. Dr. Locke delivered his first sermon as
rector of Grace church August 7, 1859. At the
time of the great fire in 1871 Dr. Locke's church
was made a refuge for the homeless, and several
thousand dollars of church money was set aside
for the purpose of providing relief to the suffer- m
ing. It is recorded that at that time Dr. Locke's
salary was $6,000 a year, and he attracted special
attention by asking that bis salary bo reduced to
$2,500, and that the remainder bo used for char
ity. Dr. Locke's congregation refused to accede
to his request, but he was firm in his position
and declined to accept more than $2,500. At the
time of his death Dr. Locke was 64 years of age,
and, according to the testimony of those who
knew him well, his entire life was devoted to
good work.
p tr
A REMARKABLE SCENE TOOK PLACE IN
. the house of representatives February 15.
John F. Shafroth, representative from tho First
Colorado district, voluntarily surrendered his seat
In favor of a contestant. No committee roport had
been made against Mr. Shafroth, but lie declared
that he had become convinced by the evidence
that his certificate of election was the fruit of
fraud, in numerous precincts. He said that this
fraud was not perpetrated-for tho purpose of aid
ing iiil his "election,: but it had nevertheless, that
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