The Commoner.
July II, 190a ,
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II : ! n I Iron
How High is the Dingley Tariff?
. ,
In a recent article written by Walter
Wellman and printed in the Chicago
Record-Herald, it was asserted that
the tariff rates in the Dlngley 1)111 weire"
placed high 'in order to afford a basin
for treaty negotiations."
An interview with " Senator Hanna
was printed quoting Mr. McKinley to
sustain this contention and this inter
view prompted Mr. Wellman to make
an investigation after which he wrote
the following article:
How high is the Dlngley tariff? Ev
ery one knows how-Jiigh it was sup
posed to be at the time of ltd enactmtnt.
But that was based on conditions as
they' then existed. Since 1897 the
prices of many articles have fallen,
while the specific tariff rates have re
mained unchanged. The best proof
is found in the actual duties collected
on imports. Therefore the correspon
dent of the Record-Herald has ob
tained the following official data con
cerning the leading articles of import
during the fiscal year ending June 30,
1901, showing (1) the total duties paid,
and (2) the advalorem rates to which
such duties amounted:
'''''- ."" Ad .valorem
1- Duties paid. rate.
Sugar 63,000,000 72.44
Cotton, manuf's of. 22,000,000 54.87
wool, manuf's of.. 21.500,000 70.21
Tobacco, manuf's of 16,500,000
Silk and manuf's of 14,000,000
Fibres & manufac
tures of, twines,
fitCi ....., 13,000i000
110.63
53.07
a7.27
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Liquors, malt, dis
tilled and wines.. 9,000,000 70.0 L
Tea 8,000,000 82.54
Iron and steel.,. . 7,000,000 3815
Chemicals 5,500,000 26.90
Earthen ware,.... 5,500,000 58.35
rruits and nuts.'. -.. 4,500,000 39.08
Leather and manu
factures of 4,000,000 35.13
Glass & glassware 2,750,000 ,50.33
The lowest rate of duty in this list
of leading articles is 27 per cent and
the highest nearly 111 per cent. It will
bo noticed thai sugar produces much
more revenue than any other article.
The people of the United States5 paid
$63,000,000 .into the national treasury
on their year's sugar purchases for
the protection of the domestic cane
and beet sugar industries, whose total
output last year was worth $30,000,000.
It is a striking fact thatfthe average
ad valorem tariff rate is higher now
than itever was -"before in the "history
of the government. For the fiscal year
1899 the rate on all dutiable impbrted
goods was 52 per cent; in 1900 it Was
49 per cent, and last year it was 50 per
cent In 1860 the rate was 20 per cent.
After .the civil war lf reached itt one
year as high as "48 per cent, and -had
fallen to 44 per 'cent in 1890. Then
came the McKinley ' tariff of 1890, and
for the first time the rate of 50 per
cent was reached in a fiscal year. But
the high water mark years under the
McKinley tariff1891, '92 and '92f
have been eclipsed by the last three
years under the "Dlngley law. The
highest"McKinley average was under
50 per cent a year, while the highest
Dlngley average is a little above that
figure. v
The following official figures show
the tariff history of the last forty
years:
Ad valorem
dutiable
Total imports, (per ct.)
1860 $336,000,000 20
1865 589;000,000 48
1870 426,000,000 47
1875 526,000,000 "41
1880 627,000,000 44
1885 580,000,000 46
1890 774,000,000 44
1891 854,000,000 40
1892 813,000,000 49
1893 844,000,000 50
1894 637,000,000 50
1895 731,000,000
1896 760,000,000
1897 789,000,000 42
1898 587,000,000 49
1899 685,000,000 52
1900 830,000,000 49
1901 808,000,000 50
The reported organization of an
other great combination in iron and
steel has attracted a good deal of at
tention here. There is also much dis
cussion of the enormous profits of tho
steel trust and of the striking fact
displayed in Shipbuilder Hanscom's
letter to Congressman Littlefield that
American steel has been sold in Lon
don at 95 cents per hundred pounds
when the same steel was sold in
America .at $1,65 per hundred. This
serves to bring up the subject of the
relations of the tariff to Iron and steel
prices in America, and to call atten
tion to the following average ad
valorem rates of duty paid on actual
importations during the fiscal year
1901:
and steel manufactures of
Av. ad valorem
rate of duty.
Bars, blooms, billets, etc 23 13
Bars or shapes of rolled iron.... 22.20
Bars or shapes, rolled or ham
mered .16.92
All other and slabs, blooms or
loops 24.21-
Hoop, band or scroll or other Iron
or steel . .; 33.19
Boiler or other plate Iron or steel. 33.48
Sheets of iron or steel, common or
black 41.86
Sheets and plates, pickled or "
cleaned by acid 43.39
Sheets and plates, galvanized or
coated, etc. . ... 40.80
Sheets of iron and steel, pol
ished, planished or glanced.... 39.99
Sheets and plates and saw plates. 25.00
Tin plates , 46.5S
Wire rods, rivet, screw, fence and
other 15.94
Wire of iron or steel 41.15
Wire Tope and wire strand 53 97
Umbrella and parasol ribs, etc.. 50.00
Wheels or parts of, of iron or
steel '. 44.54
Bars of rails for railways..... .17.6S
Sheets and plates, corrugated or
crimped , 35.85
Anchors or parts thereof and
anvils .31.16
Beams, girders, joists, etc 20;90
Buckles, trousers or parts of, etcOO.O
Card clothing 59.10
Chain or chains 45.29
Cutlery of all kinds ."65.53
Files, file blanks, rasps and floats.75.78
Firearms 4 , t. 45.73
Machinery ...., 45.0
Nails, spikes and tacks '; .21.99.
Needles ......... , 28.84
Saws . . , 31.75
Tubes, pipes, flues or stays 33.82
All other manufactures 39.8:
According to the manufacturers'
bulletin of tho 1900 census the total
output of the iron and steel industries
,o the United States for tho censuo
year amounted to $835,000,000. Treas
ury statistics show tho average pro
tection the industry has enjoyed sincos
1884. The average ad valorem rates
of duty actually paid was greater In
1891 than at the time the McKinley
law was passed. The average then
rose to very high figures, and impor
tations dwindle. At the present the
Importations are so small that it may
be said American manufacturers have
no competition whatever in the home
market, but still enjoy an average pro
tection of 38 per cent
The value of iron and steel imported
since 1884, with duties paid, and the
ad valorem rate, were as follows.
Ad valorem
Values. Duties, rate.
1S84 $42,917,747 $14,799,117 34.5
Co Democrats,
DO YOP WATTTTO KNOW
how to wry ix 1904,7
Dr. Geo. II. Sherman, Detroit, Mich., says:
'It is the obIv Issue that will keep all the faction
together and prevent third party organization."
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1885 33,093,257
1886 38,031,777
1887 50.618.985
42 1888 51,079,969
40 1889 .43,510,133
1890 43,498,074
1891 55,895,390
1892 29,816,634
1893 34,858,928
1894 20,559,368
1895 24,047,406
1896 25,934,117
1897 16,361,777
1898 12,809,186
1899 11,796,059
3900 20,857,843
1901 18,389,109
Thirty-eight per cent protection on
the $835,000,000 Iron and steel output
of the census year amounts to the
snug sum of $317,000,000.
11,973,908
14,631,875
20,713,233
21,283,832
16,909,340
15,384,175
18,260,171
16,519,325
21,916,447
14,063,671
11,641,561
10,064,356
6,572,930
5,830,089
5,140,784
7,815,928
6,988,479
ob.w
38.0
40.0
41.0
39.0
35.3
32.3
55.0
63.0
70.0
48.0
39.0
40 0
45.C
43.C
37.16
uO.w
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