10
Vol. 2, No. i7.
The Commoner.
Toporta on tho Bubjoct, it Is safo to say
that Binco May 1, 1808, ovor $375,000,
000 has boon oxpondod by this govorn
xnonl In tho Philippines.
THE WEEK AT WASHINGTON.
On May 7 Sonator Hoar introduced
a now isthmian canal bill, leaving, to
tho prosidont tho soloctlon of a route.
Tho amondmont to tho sundry civil
bill postponing tho St. Louis exposi
tion until 1004, was adopted by the
sonato on May 5.
Tho Indian appropriation bill passed
tho house on May 7. This bill in
cludes an appropriation of $100,000
to tho Omaha Indians in Nebraska.
Tho trial by court-martial of Gon
oral Smith at Manila ondcd on May
3 and tho gonoral opinion is that lie
will bo acquittod of the charges
against him.
On May 3 tho president sent to tho
sonato tho nomination of H. Clay
Evans to bo consul general at London,
as successor to Mr. Osborn, who died
thoro rocontly.
H. G. Squiors, secretary of tho loga
tlon at Pokin, has boon selected by
tho prosidont as mlnlstar to Cuba, and
General F. S. Bragg of Wisconsin Is to
bo consul gonoral at Havana.
At tho suggestion of Captain Dayton
of tho cruiser Chicago, Secretary
Moody has authorized that oflicor to
convono a court of Inquiry to examine
into tho matters connected with tho
arrest and imprisonment of four ofll
cors of tho Chicago at Venice.
On May 4 public memorial services
wore hold ovor tho romalns of tho lato
Representative Amos J. Cummlngs of
Now York, in tho house of represen
tatives. Tho exorcises were very Im
presslvo, almost tho ontiro member
ship of the house and tho sonato be
ing present.
On May 8 the democratic congres
sional committee organized at Wash
ington by adopting a resolution au
thorizing tho chairman, Representa
tive Groggs of Georgia, to appoint a
campaign committee of eleven mem
bers, six of whom shall be members
of tho congressional committee.
On May 5, President Havemoyer ot
tho sugar refining company, gave tes
timony before tho senate committee
on Cuban relations. Ho explained tho
reduction in price of his product, and
declared that it was not done with
tho idea of forcing beet sugar out of
the market or of discriminating
against the Cuban product.
Th'o chief justice of tho United States
supreme court on May 5 rendered
opinions in two tost casos. affectlnfc
the transit of Chinamen through this
country to other countries. The
opinion affects forty or fifty Chinamen
who have been detained at San Fran
cisco for tho past four or five months,
and these must go back to China.
On May 7 tho house began consider
ation of the bill admitting Oklahoma,
Now Mexico, and Arizona Into tho
union as states. Opposition was made
by republicans of the house on tho
claim that they are not yet ready for
statehood, and an amendment is pro
pbsed consolidating Oklahoma and
Indian territories into one state.
Recent reports from General Chaf
fee in the Philippines are to tho effect
that ho will press the charges made
by Major Gardener In order to ascer
tain the exact truth. Ho has also or
dered General Smith to instruct his
troops to forbid the practice of the
so-called "water cure" on the natives,
and that "natiyes are to bo treated In
such manner by United States forces
that said treatment cannot be criti
cised in any way."
The war department received a ca
blegram from General Chaffee May
3 announcing the beginning of hostili
ties with tho Moros. The ultimatum
sent to them was treated with con
tempt and the American troops were
fired on, after which they advanced
and captured tho Moro forts, and Its
84 survivors surrondored uncondition
ally. Anothor message from Chaffeo
reports that since April 16 about 1,500
insurgents havo surrondored to tho
Amorlcans. -
DEBATE IN THE SENATE.
Tho debate on tho Philipplno bill
was opened on Monday, May 5, by
Sonator Lodge. Ho did not deny that
cruelties had been committed In the
Philippines, but said that in many In
stances tho cruelties complained of
woro justified under the circumstances.
Ho argued that tho cruelties in war
wero not infrequent and quoted from
ancient and modern history to justify
these practices. Ho pointed out that
thoro wore scores of instances where
tho Filipinos had practiced extreme
cruolty and tortures on tho Americans,
and ho did not think that tho isolated
instances of tho "water cure" wero
sufficient to stir up popular indigna
tion. Mr. Lodge disclaimed any sym
pathy with cruelties practiced upon
helpless persons. Ho regarded them
as bitterly as any one could, but he
charged that tho criticism of cruelties
by tho democratic members consti
tuted an attack upon the United States
army.
On Tuesday, May 6, Mr. Boveridge
of Indiana took up the discussion of
tho Philippine question in the senate.
Tho Associated press report of tne
proceedings follows:-
Mr. Bevoridge addressed the senate
to correct, as he said, an uninten
tional misstatement made by Mr.
Rawlins of Utah, concerning the ap
plication of tho wator cure to Fili
pinos who had burned Sergeant
O'Horne to death. Ho read from the
testimony to show that Mr. Rawlins'
statement was not accurate.
Mr, Hoar of Massachusetts Inquired
if it was a fact, proved by testimony,
that American soldiers had tortured
Filipinos until they had confessed to
tho commission of crime.
Mr. Bevoridge said it had been
proved that the water cure had been
administered in the dreadful O'Horne
case. By tho confession of the Fili
pinos to whom the water cure had been
given it was learned that O'Herne had
been burned to death over a slow fire
and that his body subsequently had
been hacked to pieces.
The confession of the Filipinos in
cluded tho location of O'Herne's re
mains. Investigation disclosed those
remains, which wero identified.
"Was tills murder proved by any
other testimony than that given in the
testimony of thQ tortured Filipinos?"
Inquired Mr. Hoar.
"Not that I know of," replied Mr.
Bevoridge. "But that evidence was
conclusive."
Mr. Bevoridge and Mr. Patterson be
came involved In a spirited colloquy
over the treatment of the Filipinos oy
the American soldiers which was In
terrupted by Mr. Carmack of Tennes
see saying:
"The conduct of American soldiers
in the Philippines was uniformly kind
wherever it was permitted to bo so.
In cases where it was otherwise they
were driven to the cruelties by their
superior officers."
Mr. Bevoridge said he was glad at
this' late date to hear an apology for
attacks made upon the American sol
diers, and Inquired if Mr. Carmack
could mention moro than a single in
stance where an officer had ordered
the administration of torture to a
Filipino.
Mr. Carmack replied that he had
not referred to any special order, but
that the general orders of Generals
Bell and Chaffee indicated that In
the opinion of those officers the Amer
ican troops were treating the Filipinos
too kindly.
Mr. Boveridge ridiculed this answer
of Mr. Carmack, declaring that when
ho asked him a direct question he re
plied in a diaphanous way of the or
ders of Bell and Chaffee. The mlaor-
ity senators, ho said, should confine
themselves to tho record as made and
in connection with the Instance of
cruelty, which all bitterly regretted,
they should in justice show that tho
Filipino prisoners had received tho
same food, tho same medicines and
had been attended In tho same hospi
tals by the same nurse3 as the Ameri
can soldiers.
Mr. Rawlins contended that every
statement ho had made in his discus
sion of this question was essentially
accurate. He discussed the O'Herne
case and said that the impression no
had gotten from the testimony was
that tho Filipinos had been induced to
make the confession suggested to
them by the administration of the
water cure. He resented Mr. Bever
Idge's imputation that tho minority
was arraigning the American soldiers.
Mr. Rawlins said 'Outrages in the
Philippines were due, not to the sol
diers themselves, but to the highest
military authorities in the islands. The
responsibility for them, indeed, was
to bo placed properly at the door of
the administration officials here In
Washington.
"Until recently," said he, "I had
thought that those things were spor
adic and isolated, but I have been
forced to the belief that they are out
a part of tho general plan of cam
paign." Mr. Rawlins said one victim was tied
down by American troops and sugar
was placed upon his head to attract the
voracious ants, common in those isl
ands, and forced to give information.
He declared that women and innocent
children had been put to death ruth
lessly by American troops.
Mr. Beveridgo read at some length
from the testimony taken before the
Philippine committee to show many
acts of unusual unkindness to Fili
pino prisoners by the Americans.
Mr. Turner of Washington spoke
upon the bill. He declared it unwise,
unpatriotic, cruel and inhuman to at
tempt to make the Philippines a per
manent part of the territory of the
United States.
He then criticised the refusal of the
senate committee on the Philippines to
summon Aguinaldo, Mabini, Major
Gardener and others. He would feel
constrained, he said, if the present
methods of the Philippine committee
are continued to declare that it aoes
not want the truth, but that it is de
termined to strangle the truth as bur
armies under the compulsion of su
perior authority are strangling liberty
in the Philippines. "If any senator,"
asked Mr. Turner, "had conceived at
the time the treaty with Spain was
pending that it would lead us into war
with the Filipinos would that treaty
have received a single vote?"
Mr. Turner referred to the order of
General Jacob H. Smith and said that
it remained for the American soldier,
the highest type of civilization, in a
quarrel not having the single element
of religious difference, prosecuted
upon professedly numanitarlan
grounds, to raise his name to tho
height of bloody infamy. Ho char
acterized General Smith as "a mon
ster in human form," who had de
voted an entire province to a merci
less extermination.
In response to an inquiry by Mr.
Dolliver as to whether any women or
children had been put to death under
that order Mr. Turner replied that evi
dence showed that twenty men had
been taken out and shot.
Mr. Dolliver declared that the men
had been shot not under the order of
General Smith, but upon other
grounds. N
Mr. Turner urged that Major Waller
had pleaded the order of General'Smlth
as justification for his execution of
the Samar guides and had been ac
quitted on that plea. He asserted that
it would be impossible, despite the
"fairy tale of amity. which constantly
is being dinned into our ears," for the
United States to govern tho islands
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without the constant presence there of
a great army.
.Mr. Turner referred to a special dis
patch which appeared in the Washing
ton Post of today under date line of
Lynn, Mass., and which on the au
thority of Rev. W. H. Walker told of
the execution of 1,000 Filipino prison
ers by a battalion of American troops
because there was not sufficient food
for them. Rev. Dr. Walker told tho
story on the. authority of his son, J.
B. Walker, a private in company I,
Sixteenth infantry.
Mr. Turner said he did not vouch
for tho r.rnthfnlTioao p i. . i-..j.
felt that it ought to be investigated.
Mr. Lodge replied that he would in
vestigate the matter, although he feu
it was utterly without foundation.
Lust of dominion," said Mr. Turner,
greed of conquest, overruled the sober
judgment of the American officials ana
drove us Into this war."
He strongly urged the Philipplno
committee to summon mm, minn.
who could possibly throw any light
on It. Speaking earnestly to the com
mittee ho said:
"In view of the bloody stain on the
hSS " nfnsi?' ?. you d0 not slied
light on this situation, it will be be
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