Official unci I^gul Newspaper Thursday, December 7, 1950
UNESCO Human Righj^v^y
To Be Observed P *$>*"'V ^
NEW YORK. (ANP). Citizen
of the United States and prot
ably of many other nations in the
world will observe Dec. 10 as
United Nations Human Rights
Day.
Lovers of liberty throughout the
world will revere this date be
cause it was on Dec. 10, 1948,
that the U.N. General Assembly
voted 48 to 0 to pass the Uni
versal Declaration of Human
Rights.
In approving this document
member nations of the U.N. an
nounced their faith in basic in
dividual liberties for people all
over the world. At present the
U.N. is working on approval of
a Covenant on Human Rights to
be binding as a treaty on nations
that approve.
Heading the international Hu
man Rights Day activities is Jaime
Terres Bedet, director genei'al of
UNESCO (United Nations Educa
tional, Scientific, and Cultural
organization)'.
American citizens will observe
this day on the community, lo
cal, state, and national levels.
L#st year, President Truman of
ficially proclaimed Dec. 10 as the
annual U.N. Human Rights Day.
The overall national program
for this day as well as to pro
vide information on the declara
tion throughout the year is run
by the U. S. national commission
for UNESCO. George D. Stod
dard is chairman of the commis
sion, and Charles, A. Thomson is
executive secretary.
Information on the activities of
this commission may be obtained
by writing to the UNESCO Rela
tions Staff, Department of State,
Washington 25, D.C.
Local programs are expected to
be run by civic leaders, schools,
clubs, civic, organizations, church
es, newspapers and other com
munity leaders. They will util
ize pamphlets, radio programs,
panels, and motion pictures to
make their programs more inter
esting.
Truman Commutes
Death Sentence
WASHINGTON. (ANP). Presi
dential commutation of a court
martial death sentence for Lt.
Leon A. Gilbert, 31-year-old Ne
gro infantry officer, was an
nounced here early last week by
the defense department.
Substituted for the death ver
dict was a sentence of 20 years of
hard labor for “misconduct in
battle.” Gilbert is to be dis
honorably discharged from the
service.
The Gilbert “story” began last
July 31 in the Sangju area, 44
miles northwest of Taegu, Korea,
I when he was ordered to take his
12-man squad back up a hill.
The lieutenant denied he had
refused to obey the orders of his
superior officer and said he had
isought to explain that his men
wouldn’t have a chance if they
went back. He related that the
North Koreans lay in ambush on
the ridge and he did not want to
lead his men to certain death.
However, testimony given at
the court-martial accused Gilbert
return to his com
^ w— --- “because he had a
Wife and children to consider.
The death penalty was upheld
by Maj. Gen. William B. Kean,
commander of the 25th division.
v,o^'
jllOllt
Aiospital
LOUISVILLE, Ky. (ANP). Mrs.
Emma Clarissa Clement, hailed in
1946 as the American Mother of
the Year, has lost her left leg fol
lowing an operation here recently.
She is now in the Red Cross hos
pital, reportedly still very ill.
Five of her seven children have
been to her bedside from time to
time ever since her illness which
now has lasted several weeks.
Mrs. Clement is said to be suf
fering from diabetes. What forced
the operation for the amputation
of her leg has not been announced.
Although 75 years old, Mrs.
: Clement was very active as a
church and civic worker and as a
; lecturer when she became ill. She
j achieved national fame four years
ago when the Golden Rule Foun
dation named her mother of the
| year, thus making her the first
Negro woman so honored.
She is well known as a com
munity leader and as a worker in
the African Methodist Episcopal
church.
To End Prejudice
In Ky. Hospitals
LOUISVILLE. (ANP). A peti
tion drive to end racial discrimi
nation in Kentucky hospitals has
netted a total of 10,000 signatures,
accox'ding to a report made at a
fellowship rally in Fifth Street
Baptist church here last week.
About 150 persons attended the
gathering which was sponsored by
the Interracial Hospital movement,
originators of the no-bias in hos
pital petition.
The drive began last September
whexx three Negioes, injured in an
automobile accident, were re
portedly left untreated on the
floor of the Breckinridge County
hospital. One of them died subse
quently.
Infantile Paralysis Head Hails
Work of Negroes in Health Program
TUSKEGEE — (ANP) — The
contribution of Negro leaders in
the field of health was hailed
here last week by Basil O’Connor,
president of the National Founda
tion for Infantile Paralysis.
In a speech at a dinner meeting
commemorating the tenth anni
versary of the Tuskegee Infantile
Paralysis center and the Tuskegee
March of Dimes chapter, Mr.
O’Connor gave recognition to the
need for greater numbers of Ne
gro men and women in positions
of responsibility and leadership
in the fight against infantile
paralysis.
“If we are to be equal to the
difficult tasks that lie ahead of
us, we cannot limit the extent of
man’s participation in industry, in
government or in the professions
because of his race or religion,”
Mr. O’Connor said.
“In the field of public health,
we must continue to broaden the
field of opportunity to make
places for our best brains, our
most capable hands, our most
dynamic personalities, whether
they be Negro or white.”
“Today Negro doctors, nurses
and physical therapists are aid
ing the fight against infantile
paralysis all over the country,” he
declared. “The National founda
tion is intent upon increasing
their ranks through the granting
of scholarships and fellowships to
qualified men and women who
wish to complete their studies in
vital fields bearing directly upon
infantile paralysis.”
Since 1942, March of Dimes
money has financed the training
of Negro students at a cost of
$200,000, Mr. O’Connor stated.
Their studies included medical
social work, orthopedic nursing,
| health education, physical therapy
! and medicine. He pointed out,
that more than $2,675,000 has
been awarded to Tuskegee insti
tute, North Carolina, Dillard uni
versity, Meharry Medical college
and Provident Medical associates.
For their teaching and training
programs.
More than 300 delegates, volun
teer workers and representatives
of National foundation Chapters
in the southern and southwestern
states are attending the decennial
celebration at Tuskegee, where
plans for th 1951 March of Dimes
next January 15-31 were dis
cussed.
Virginia U. Tells Governors
End Jim Crow In Colleges
Haitian Women
To Get Vote
For First Time
GONAIRES, Haiti. (ANP).
Women in Haiti will soon have
the right to vote for the first
time in the history of the French
speaking West Indian nations.
This decree was written here
last week by the Constitutional
committee writing a new docu
ment of law for the nation. Article
4 reads:
“All Haitians with no distinc
tion of sex of 21 years of age
can exercise full political rights
if he has all the other conditions
required by the law.”
Although this law does not im
mediately give the women of this
nation full voting rights, it is a
great step forward compared to
the status of women here in the
past.
Under this article women first
will be able to vote in municipal
functions. Three years after the
next municipal elections, women
will have full ballot rights. The
law covers conditions demanded
of women in connection with
their family and marital status
with the idea of reforms neces
sary to “realize a regime of ab
solute equality of the sexes.”
All this is part of what is
called a “transitory” program to
be effective during the time
women are achieving full status
with that of men.
Under these circumstances
women may miss in voting in the
next national election. Municipal
elections will not be held until the
second Monday in April, 1955,
the same time that the national
legislature will be voted on. If
it takes three more years for
women to vote, they will also
miss the 1957 presidential elec
tions.
Of course, the women could be
given national francise in less
| than the three years.
CHARLESTON, S. C.-(ANP)—Negroes should be
allowed to study in regional education on a non-segregated
basis, Colgate W. Darden Jr., president of the University of
Virginia, last week told the Southern Governors conference.
Speaking at a dinner meeting closing the conference of
13 southern governors and a number of southern educators,
Darden asked for truly equal schools on an elementary and
secondary school level. He also demanded that Negroes be
included on school boards, but he said jimcrow schools
should be continued at the public school levels.
Dr. Bunche Flies
To Oslo, Norway
For Peace Prize
NEW YORK (ANP)—Dr. Ralph
J. Bunch, director of trusteeship,
United Nations, last Monday
boarded an airplane to fly to Oslo,
Norway where on Dec. 10 he will
receive the Nobel Peace Prize.
Before leaving Dr. Bunche told
reporters he was not sure when he
would take up his teaching duties
at Harvard university, the na
tion’s oldest college.
Although elected to a full pro
fessorship at Harvard, Dr. Bunche
has declared only that he will ac
-cept “at a future date, bearing
in mind, however, my deep inter
est in my responsibilities to and
my work with the United Na
tions.”
Dr. Bunche was announced as a
full professor of government by
Harvard university, Oct. 26, but
he is expected to stay with tl}e
' UN at least until September, 1951.
Before going to the UN he had
taught at Howard university in
Washington, D. C.
On his trip to Norway he is ac
companied by his wife, Mrs.
Bunche. He earned the Nobel
peace award, the world’s greatest
honor, for his work as UN medi
ator in the Palestine situation 1948
and 1949.
A number of UN workers and
delegates have suggested him as a
mediator in the Korean and Chi
nese Communist situation.
AME Youth Fellowship
Has Marriage Clinic
Sunday evening the Youth Fel
lowship of Quinn Chapel A.M.E.
church sponsored a marriage
clinic. Speakers for the evening
were Miss Ruth Shinn, Secretary
of the University Y.W.C.A, the
Rev. P. R. Stevens, president of
Cotner College and Judge F. W.
Messmore, Nebraska Supreme
Court Judge. This program is one
of a series of programs to be |
sponsored by the Youth Fellow- j
ship in an effort to stimulate the ;
interest of the Youth. Miss Clara '
Bell Scott, student at the Ne
braska University, sang a solo,
“It Is Quiet Down Here.” After
the program refreshments were
served in the church basement.
Calendar of Events
Newman Methodist
December 13—New England
turkey dinner, 5-8 p.m.
December 10—Special service, 3
p.m.
Urban League
December 8-9—Hobby show.
December 13—Dinner, Church
of God in Christ.
December 21—Christmas party. J
December 27—Masons, St. John
banquet.
Beatrice, Nebr.
December 10—St. Paul A.M.E.
St. John-Omaha choir, high school
auditorium, 3 p.m. 1
%
Darden s speech climaxed what
had been a routine meeting of the
Dixie leaders. The group had
elected Gov. Fielding L. Wright of
Mississippi, president, to succeed
Gov. J. Strom Thurmond of South
Carolina. Both ran on the Dixie
crat ticket for President in 1948.
The executives also voted to
meet in Hot Springs, Ark., in 1851.
In other action, they approved
the recommendations for the re
gional compact program covering
regional education made by 257
educators a couple of months ago.
This program called for expan
sion of regional educational pro
grams in fields covering various
communities and in cooperation
with such agencies as the Tennes
see Valley Authority.
ADVOCATES GENUINE EF
FORTS TO EDUCATE NEGROES
| A former governor of Virginia,
i Darden exploded a bombshell
among the governors when he ad
vocated more genuine efforts by
the south to educate Negroes. He
is the first southern educator to
openly speak along this line.
In calling for the end of segre
gation in the two-year-old re
gional educational program, he
said:
“Graduate and professional
schools should be opened to both
races. The regional schools, on
which a great deal of work has
been done in recent years, should
fall in the same category since
most of this specialized work will
be done in connection with the
graduate and professional schools
of the Southern universities and
colleges.
“They should be opened to both
Negroes and whites.”
The Virginia educator cited re
cent decisions by the U. S. Su
preme court to back up his rea
soning. He continued:
“These suggestions will arouse
antagonism among those to whom
all segregation is anathema and
among those to whom any conces
sion to the Negro race is repre
hensible. ,
“I would remind these individ
uals that they are dealing with
stubborn facts, not shadowy theo
ries, and that a frightful price can
be paid for intransigence.”
He also advocated improvement
of Negro colleges. He told the
group:
“Negro colleges in the south
must be encouraged and greatly
expanded, even in those instances
where advanced work is given
which duplicates work being done
in white institutions.”
On public school education, Dar
den still sanctioned segregation.
He demanded “equal” schools, but
said the south was not r eady for
mixed public schools.
“Public schools for Negroes that
are equal to those for whites are
few and far between. Equalizing
them will be a Herculean task, and
yet, this is what must be done.
“In my opinion it should be done
upon a segregated basis through
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