NEBRASKA IS NOT ONLY A GREAT STATE, BUT A LEADER Ranks Fir£ Among the States in the Value of Its Beef Cattle and the Average Wheat Yield per Acre HER NATURAL RESOURCES UNLIMITED W ith a Splendid Climate and Variety of Soils, Nebraska’s Pres tige As An Agricultural State is Unassailable— Manu facturing and Dairy Interests Are Growing to Large Proportions. X 0 X o X Nebraska ts first In the value of beef cattle. j* Nebraska is first in average wheat yield per acre. ° Nebraska leads the corn belt state in per capita bank deposits. *5 Nebraska is second in per capita wealth on farms. X Nebraska is second in the production of alfalfa. X Nebraska is second in the per capita value of the wheat crop. 2 Nebraska ranks second in the per capita value of horses. Nebraska ranks second in the per capita value of 'q swine. X 0 Nebraska scored fourth place in the value of rye. X Nebraska ranks fourth in potato production. Nebraska ranks fourth in the value of dairy cattle. O Nebraska ranks fifth in oats. Nebraska has the smallest farm population of any* of these ten states,- her farm population is but 57 per cent X of the average population cf the corn belt. .A state which X can make the record enumerated above has good soil and jj progressive people. Stand up for Nebraska. 2 O M o r\^r\ c\r* ryjt-C'SjAr*. ^ •• ^ a- ~^ To one assigned the duty of “Boost ing" Nebraska, the difficulty lies not in -what to say, but how to say it in the small space available at this time. To condense in a few words a descrip tion of the many and varied resources of this peerless member of Uncle Sam's domain, and yet give a fair pre sentation of them is a task which re quires much careful study. With a variety of soil and climate that per mits the cultivation of practically every product known to the temper ate zone, and with resources that offer inducements to every branch of industrial endeavor, Nebraska is fast taking her rightful place among the leading states of the Union. This is conclusively showm by a glance at the summary of Nebraska's standing among her sister Etates as ' -;-1 WILLIAM ROBERT MELLOR. Secretary State Board of Agriculture. Wiliam R. Mellor, of Loup City, has. been connected with the Ne braska State Board of Agriculture for thirteen years. He has been sec retary' since 1906. During his in cumbency the educational value of the fair has been emphasized. He is a practical farmer and believes that the annual exposition should be a model school in the best that the state produces. it appears at the head of this column. This is a summary of FACTS, and facts which should cause the heart cf every Nebraskan to thrill with pride at the achievement made possible not only by the natural wealth of the 6tate, but by the energy' and enter prise of its sons and daughters. And yet with this proud record of present achievements, a start has r» only been made. Primarily and agri cultural state, this side of Nebraska’s possibilities has in the past received the most attention and consequent improvement. However, there are other resources just as great which have been lying dormant awaiting only the magic touch of modern en deavor to awaken them to add to Ne braska’s prestige. This awakening is being felt all along the line as is evidenced by the wonderful increase in manufacturing and other industries all over the state. Prosperity is manifest on every side. Go where you will in Nebraska and you will find a happy, contented and prosperous people. Not only in the larger cities of the state are the modern improvements of electric lights, water works, pavod streets, etc, to be found, but also in the ma jority of the smaller villages the citi zens have installed these civic con veniences. The automobile is a com mon mode of conveyance both in I town and country, and power driven farm machinery is extensively used ■ all over the state. These surface evi dences cf prosperity bear out the as sertion that Nebraskans are living in a land of plenty. To one unacquainted with the state ;it may prove surprising to know that | her area is greater that that of all the New Englar. 1 states. Located as ;t is in the central mid-west it has splen did transportation facilities to all the markets of the world. This affords an easy outlet for its products and permits them to come in competition wherever a demand for them exists. SOIL. Nebraska has three soil regions, varying greatly in their agricultural possibilities. The State and Federal Soil Surveys have mapped about fifty soil types that are clay loams, silt loams, fine sandy loams, sandy loams, gravely and stoney loams. The south eastern 40,000 square miles of the state forms the great Loess region with its smooth uplands, extensive bottom lands and a considerable area of fertile hilly land. Nearly all of this region is subject to cultivation, the soils of the largest distribution being silt loams and fine sandy loams. The subsoil is characterized by its depth and fertility. The sandy loam region is given over largely to grazing because of an abundance of grass and a suitable water supply. The prevailing soils are dune sand and sandy loams. Much of the basin and dry valley land ;s suited for the production of hav and cereal crops. There are places in this region where one-third of the surface is hay land or agricultural land. The native grasses of the sand hills are important resources, but too often they are overlooked. This region has not been used to its foil advantage, partly through misman agement and a waste of the natural grasses. With better attention it could be made to produce more exten sively and there is but little question that this will be done. The high plains region occupying much of the western part of the state consists of broad smooth table lands, small areas of buttes and canyons, a few bad lands areas and the valley floors of several rivers, the largest being that of the North Platte. The principal soils are fine sandy loams and sandy loams with small areas of dune sand, stoney and clayey land. The benches along the North Platte, Lodge Pole and other valleys of this ! region are well suited for irrigation. ! Much of the smooth upland, especially that with deep fine sandy loams and sand loam soils is well suited for dry farming. Several distinct areas of such soil have been developed to a high degree. WELL WATER. Perhaps no state in the Union is more fortunate than ours so far as well water supply is concerned. Wells supply most of the drinking water for I the entire state. They are as a rule • of moderate depth and have a strong | flow of water. It is seldom that any of them run dry and a water famine L__! MRS. CHARLES OLIVER NORTON, Of Kearney, Neb. Mr-, Charles Oliver Norton of Kearney, Neb., has pursued a career which proves that Nebraska affords unusual opportunities for ambitious business women. Mrs. Norton has made a careful study of ranch and farm lands and is said to be the best judge of all branches of agricultural resources in the state. Her husband died sixteen years ago. Since that time she has contin ued his business, the handling of lands and money. She is now one of the wealthy women of Nebraska. Mrs. Norton has just finished her second term as state regent of the : Nebraska Daughters of the American ' Revolution. While in office she led I the movement which resulted in the ! marking of the Oregon Trail in Ne ; braska. She is a member of a num ber of kindred societies and is promi nent in church and charitable work. ! such as was experienced in Kansas ) recently is unknown in Nebraska. ! This water is not only abundant, but ■of an exceptionally good quality and i is rated high among the resources of the state. WATER POWER. One of the least developed, but (ncne the less available resources of Nebraska is its water power. There have been, and still are, problems Connected with its development that ihave not as yet been solved, but mas ter minds are now working along these lines and the immediate future will witness great strides in the har nessing of this mighty force and put ting it into proper channels. Most streams are affected considerably by floods, the cold of winter, or the drouths of summer and until recently 'it was not thought possible to de ! velop the power of broad streams | with Bandy beds because of the diffi culty in anchoring dams and maintain ing canals. It is now possible, how ever, to construct diversion dams and large canals, carrying the water to high points on the valley slopes from jw'hich it is dropped to lower levels, j thereby generating power under more favorable conditions than was pos j sible with the old overshot wheels. I There are over one hundred de [veloped powers in Nebraska driving flouring mills, lighting towms, etc. Fully 100,000 horse power awaits de velopment in the Loup and the near by Platte. The Niobrara ia a good power stream, but is farther from a market Future developments in the state may enhance the power of the Niobrara and it will be found equal to any task that may be assigned it The Loup rivers give a more constant flow than other streams because of the fact that they are fed by thou sands of springs supplied from stor age in the Sand Hill region. The large volume and the constant and permanent flow of this system are its chief characteristics, making the power more valuable than that of oth er streams. The Big Blue is develop ed more completely than any of the ether rivers, although the Little Blue is running several plants as are also the Republican and Elkhorn. The power development of the Little and Big Nemeha rivers has been greatly j interfered with on account of floods in their basins. It is safe to say that at least 200, 000 horse power awaits development in Nebraska, and that this mighty force will be utilized before many more years have rolled around. IRRIGATION. Much has been done in the way of irrigation in the dryer portions of Nebraska, and every effort in this direction has yielded profits in big proportions. Notwithstanding the ab normal lack of rainfall during the past summer the irrigated districts are giving splendid crops of alfalfa, wheat, barley, rye, oats, sugar beets, corn, potatoes, fruit, etc., and this in a re gion that was formerly arid. There is yet much to be accom plished in this direction, however. The possibilities of the Republican valley and basins of the Lodge Pole. Hat Creek. White and Niobrara rivers are vast. They could be made to blossom under the reviving effects of water brought to them by irrigating. The natural lay of the land in these sec tions make the problem of irrigation a i/vuipaiautcj« can; uuc. The tri-state canal carries water to about 60,000 acres. The inter-state, or governmement canal, now in course of construction, is to cover fully 90, 00(i acres and other projects water more than 100,000 acres in the North Platte. By proper management and the impounding of the flood wa ters much of the valuable bench land of the North /Platte valley is quite sure to be brought under irrigation in the near future. Here the coun try is rapidly developing. Stock feed ing has become an important industry. With this general industrial advance in the valley will come the develop ment of Scotts Bluff. Gering, Morrill, Mitchel, Minitare, Bayard, Bridge port and many other towns. FRUIT. Nebraska is naturally well suited for fruit raising. Apples, plums, cher ries, strawberries, etc., are grown to some extent in every county. Cer tain districts in the southeast have gained prominence in the raising of apples especially. This latter product is now receiving organized attention by competent fruit growers and will soon become one of the states most noted resources. v FORESTS. A little over three per cent of Ne braska is in forests. The forest of the Pine Ridge country of northwest ern Nebraska occupies about 600 square miles. Other small areas of pine timber occur in Lodge Pole, North Platte and the Niobrara valleys. The total area of natural pine timber is about 800 square miles. Broad leaf species, such as the cot tonwood, elm, ash, box elder, willow, walnut, etc., nearly fill many of the valleys in the eastern part of the state. They extend along the bluffs of the Missouri river and well out in to the interior of the state. Moat farmers have small patches of timber on their land which they have planted for shade, wind-breiks and fuel. STONE. There are over twenty distinct limestone ledges in Nebraska, rang ing from one to tweny-five feet in thickness and outcropping between Wayne and Plattsmouth. There are six large quarries and about two hun dred smaller ones in this district get ting out this rock and putting it on the market. The output is used for many purposes, but principally in con crete construction. Further west in the state is a deposit of chalk rock 400 feet thick in places and which is both overlaid and underlaid with shale. These shale and chalk formations are well suited for the manufacture of ce ment, and a large cement plant is soon to be established at Superior. SAND AND GRAVEL. These are found in large quantities along the various streams. Seven teen large clam dredges are operating along the Platte at Cedar Creek, Louisville, Meadow, Ashland, Valley and Central City. Each of these load from eight to fifteen cars a day, mak ing a train more than a mile long. The annual production from these dredges and from seven hundred to eight hundred sand pits has a value of over $1,000,000. Shipments are regularly made to southwestern Iowa, [southwestern Missouri and northern Kansas and other points. DAIRYING. The climate and rolling pastures of Nebraska make it an ideal place for ■ stock raising of all kinds. Especially I is it adapted for the dairy industry, and this fact is fast being discovered. The advance in this particular indus !try has been greater in the past few I ^ v m_mm I MR. GEORGE W. KUNE, Publicity Manager of Nebraska State Board of Agriculture. Mr. Kline has been very helpful , with suggestions and data in • our ef '■ forts to get up this attractive and in structive page. He is not only ex i ceedingly well versed in Nebraska’s ' resources, but is a live wire—on the job all the time. ! years than at any other time in the ! history of the state. This is largely due to the efforts of the Nebraska | Dariymen’s Association and its able and energetic Secretary, S. C. Bassett. | The farmers throughout the state are j beginning to realize more and more the splendid profit that can be real ized from a properly managed dairy farm and are turning their attention ito it in earnest. At present it has not yet reached I the stage where a large number of i local creameries would be a proflt lable investment for their promoters, but owing to the splendid railroad facilities throughout the state this is i little or no drawback. At present the creameries are operated under what is known as the centralizer plan, i, e, the establishment of large creameries at central points which are easily accessible. Under this plan there is not a railroad station nor a commer cial center in Nebraska in which there is not a cream receiving station where a farmer can sell, on any busi ness day, cream in any quantity from ten pounds up and receive his cash for it. This condition makes it pos | sible to dairy on a cash basis even in those portions of the state where the cow population will average less than three to the square mile. As fast as conditions will justify it, lo cal creameries will undoubtedly be established. MANUFACTURING. While not as yet especially noted I for this branch of industry, neverthe less Nebraska has within her borders at Omaha, South Omaha, Lincoln and other points manufacturing industries of which she may well be proud. Omaha turns out manufactured pro ducts to the value of over $193,000, 000 annually. Since the organization of the Nebraska Manufacturers As sociation about a year ago much has been done to advance the manufac turing interests of the state and the time is not far distant when she will take her rightful place with other states more noted along these lines. THE STATE OF OPTIMISTS. One of the best promises for the future development of Nebraska along all lines is the optimism of its people. Full of confidence in their own ability and the natural resources of the state they are going steadily ahead, over coming all obstacles that present themselves and working for a com mon cause—that of the advancement of the state they love. This is evi denced everywhere. In the cities prominent men are cheerfully giving their time and talent through their various Commercial Clubs and other organizations to the advancement not only of their respective cities, but the state as a whole. Throughout the smaller towns and on the farms the same spirit is manifest. Probably no better example could be cited than the hearty support given the project advanced at the Nebraska Editorial Association held this year tr "boost” Nebraska. Over two hun dred editors, throughout the state pledged themselves to issue 1000 ex tra copies of their respective papers containing a story of Nebraska’s greatness and to mail them broadcast over the country. This is being done at their own expense, their reward being the advancement of their state. They were ably assisted in this move | by the Commercial Club of Omaha and other public organizations. With such a citizenry as this It is no wonder that Nebraska is advanc ing by leaps and Dounds. Who can forecast her future greatness? Mr. Geo. W. Kline, than whom there is no better “Booster” in the state, is convinced that the days of total crop failures are over in Ne braska. In an interacting letter he says: Nebraska has experienced her last total crop failure and it occurred years ago. Drouth, hot winds, hail and flood are merely local in their scope. For now the resources of the state are so varied and scattered over so much territory that wholesale failure is impossible. Alfalfa is one of the big items in the prosperity of the state, according to figures compiled by the State Board of Agriculture. It is an im mensely profitable crop; it yields early money for the grower and pays a high percentage of profit for the time and money spent in its culture, Nebraska is the second state in the union in alfalfa growing and is crowding close upon Kansas, which state now has the leadership. A resident of the city of Lincoln bought a piece of land in Buffalo county several years ago. He se cured 300 acres for $2,800. He planted 288 acres to alfalfa. A far mer in the vicinity harvests it on shares. Last year the alfalfa ranch netted the Lincoln man, who did not even go to the scene of action dur ing the summer, $1,800, or a 6 per cent dividend on $30,000. To the live stock enthusiast and the dairyman the alfalfa growing means increased profits. The crop is reasonably certain. In the drouth sections this year the early cuttings were heavy and the last crop, matur ed during the dry weather, was al lowed to seed, as it is well known that, seed matured under drouth con ditions is most valuable. Farm experts, after inspecting the dry counties of the South Platte country, estimate that the silage is worth $75,000,000. The cornstalks, properly harvested and put into the silo, would be worth this amount to the farmers. It would let them mar ket their grain and keep their live stock. Every effort has been made to give this theory publicity. “Save the corn crop with the silo,” urged one of the dairy experts of the state. "With care and caution the entire forage crop can be saved. “There will certainly be a large amount of damaged corn in all parts of the state. Some sections suffered worse than others, but the general result will be a decreased yield of grain. This, under usual conditions, would cause a shortage of stock feed and exert a depressing effect on the cattle situation. Practically, it need not do so at all. “The damaged corn will make fine ensilage and will take the place of well cured hay and grain. The hay crop has been good and the price will be tempting. Before the winter is over grain will be high priced. With a little forethought and mental cal culation it will be possible to rea lize more from the silage this vear than from a good yield of corn under ordinary conditions. "'Nebraska cannot afford to sacri fice cattle because of a slight yield of' corn in the grain. There is al ready a shortage of live stock. Ail animals should be kept for breeding or finished in a fattened condition. There is plenty of forage in sight to feed liberally and well all the live stock within the state. ‘‘It is necessary to save the forage and the farmers who have not suffic ient stock to feed will find it advis able to feed their neighbor’s, or pick up in the markets sufficient stock to consume the silage they put up. “As to the quality of the silage made from the damaged corn there is little data, but all that is available points to the fact that it will make excellent feed and, though not quite as good as the normal corn, is val uable for feeding because of its high per cent of dry matter and low per cent of water. Mi'th of the nutri ment which goes to make the grain is now latent in the stalk ana leaves. This can be preserved if put into the silo before it turns entirely dry or is killed by frost.” In Kansas and in other states pit silos have been recommended. Farm experts, however, look with criticism cn the pit silo and recommend it only when other kinds of silos can not be secured. A considerable amount of the silage rots while the task of getting the silage up out. of the pit is an unpleasant one. Cattle feeding tests at the state farm last spring proved conclusively that corn silage was a valuable item in the economical fattening of cat tle. The explanations of the tests were made in the presence of about a hundred of the leading live stock feeders of the state. So .it has been demonstrated that there is at least $75,000,000 in pos sible wealth in the corn fields which have been classed as damaged by dry 1 weather. DELIMITED 0PP0RT0K2 TIES \n NEBRASKA The average Nebraska citizen brushes up against more opportuni ties for wealth than is possible to encounter in any other section of the United States. This statement is true year in and year out. declares Secre tary V,\ R. Mellor of the State Board of Agriculture Nebraska is the twenty-eighth state !n population and ranks seventh in the attendance at the annual state . in iaci me state lias the repu tation of holding one of the test ex positions in the country. The speeo program, the attendance, the educa tional features, the macfcinerv dis plays, the automobile attractions and the musical and amusement features cannoc be excelled anywhere. Pure - bred live stock, intensive methods in com cultivation, pure seed corn and progressive ideas in general have always received en couragement from the fair officials. Marketing, scientific distribution, the value of fertilization and the solu tion of other problems of practical interest have been taken up. The development of the poultry, sw;ne, fruit and dairy industries have been encouraged. In each of these lines the state board has rendered ef ficient service. To the state horti cultural interests the publicity work! has been of immense value. It has ju&t been recently learned that the section of the state from i Omaha to Eulo and within fifty miles; of the Missouri river i3 the best ap ple region in the United States. Crop failures are unknown In the firuit line, while the marketing facilities are unexecelled. Fortunes have been made in the apple and vinegar business. An out cry that convulsed the entire state followed the statement last fall that seven Nebraska counties exported i more apples than two of the much i heralded fruit states of the Pa.cific coast. Nebraska investors who were busily paying for fruit ranches in' Wyoming were amazed to find that' the apple production of that state was about the same as that of Da kota county, Nebraska. Stella, ituio, Falls City, Auburn, Peru, Nebraska City, Weeping Wa ter, Brow nville, Nehawka and other towns in that Vicinity are points from which heavy apple and vinegar shipment, ^re sent. Falls City ap ples have made a decided hit in the Twin Cities, while Buffalo, N. Y., shows a decided liking for the prod uct of the Cass county orchards. Cherries, peaches, grapes, plums and berries of all kinds are also grown with remarkable success. The frost probabilities are largely dis counted by the hills and the influ ence of the Missouri river The en terprising orchardist merely looks for scrub oak or hazel brush. Such land, generally given over to pas ture, will produce more apples with less expense to the glower than will a couple of acres of high priced ir rigated land almost two thousand miles farther from the markets of the world. In the fall of 1913 the apple crop is an enormous factor. The wheat crop exceeded sixty million bushels. There were two million cattle on the farms and ranches of Nebraska WAS DABBLING IN THE PAST Pilgrim Somewhat Resentful Because He Was Misled Into Perusing an Old Magazine. •‘Among the things I d like to know about," remarked the weary looking pilgrim with the drab mustache, on the car, ‘‘is this: How does a doctor •or dentist come by his magazines? Does he go around among his friends and buy up old ones after his friends have read ’em, so's to get ’em cheaper? Or does he buy new magazines and then lay them away somewhere and let them age by natural process before placing them on the table In his re ception room? “A day or so ago I had occasion to sit in the reception room of a prosper I ous dentist—that is. I suppose he's prosperous if he charges everybody on the same scale that he does me— and while I waited I began to rum mage through his magazines that I found lying on the table. 1 got inter ested in an article in the Literary Di gest about a threatened war between , Russia and Japan. What! Another : Russian mix-up? I became all worked up about It and turned over a page for further details. Then I happened to glance at the date, and found that I had been reading a magazine Issued in January. 1904." Another Victim. ’ An aviator waved his hand To friends who stood below; A gust of wind o’ertook him, and r» aura tbs rest you know. NOT MUCH REAL DIFFERENCE Mr. Tobe Snagg Discourses Pleasant ly on Subject of City and Village Society Gossip. "I fall to observe any great differ ence,” remarked Mr. Tobe Snagg, "be tween the 'Gossip of Society’ notes in the city papers and the ‘Purely Person al’ items in th® Goshkononk Gazette. Of course, them rich people have long er names and travel farther than us humble Goshkonongians, but, after all. when I read that Mr. and Mrs. Theo bald Postleth^ait Golden-Gawbs and their son, T. Livermore Golden-Gawbs, have returned from motoring on the continent, while their daughter, Lorda Watt Golden-Gawbs, will remain in Italy, sketching the old masters, I can’t see that intrinsically it differs much from the simple statements in the Gazette that Miss Gladys Frump Sun day ed at Whillerville with Apra Hen sion and Ralph Slicer, our popular bar ber, Mondayed in Hunkayunk. and Dab Socker Tuesdayed in Turgidtown at • the home of his widowed sister whose husband suicided two months ago after arsoning the lumber yard. All the parties concerned probably did all the gadding they could afford, and in any case not a soul in the livin’ world beyond the persons mentioned was in the slightest degree interested in the recital.’’ Inspired Definition. Teacher—What is velocity, Johnny? Johnny—Velocity is what a fellow lets go of a wasp with.—Pathfinder p V I I SHOULD HAVE ROUSED HIM Mrs. Brown’s Method of Removing Gloom May Not Be Generally Recommended. Gloom prevailed in the domestic cir cle—a gloom horrible and depressing. Mr. Brown, in fact, was in a bad tem per. And, as Mrs. Brown knew, there was only one way of curing it—to rouse him thoroughly; for, when mis erable himself, he always accused other people of being miserable. He did on this occasion. “Jane,” he grumpled at last, “you're as dull as an old owl! Sulking. 1 sup pose, because I refused to buy you that new hat!” I “No," sighed his wife. “I wasn't ! thinking about it. As a matter of fact, 1 I’ve been turning out some oM letters, and—oh! it's nothing of importance. Only a fit of the blues.” “What letters?” “Love letter.” I “Some I wrote to you, I suppose." “No,” said his wife calmly. “Some I received before I met you. It's of ; no consequence. None at all. How is your oold»” — Hard to Choose “The jury has been out for a long time" “les, ana I doubt their ever reach ing a verdict. You see. the case is one in which a life insurance solicitor is suing a book agent, and I fancy the jurymen are trying to figure out some scheme for sticking them both.” —Judge. Alas for Art! “Daubbs tellB me he is wedded to his art.” “Good heavens' Another mesalli ance!" The Way of It. “Miss May made a hit with Jack the first glance she gave him.” “I see—a sort of glancing blow.” A man may be a heavyweight fight er and a lightweight husband The American Breakfast Post Toasties and Cream Thin bits of choicest Indian Com, so skilfully cooked and toasted that they are deliciously crisp and appetizing. Wholesome Nourishing Easy to Serve Sold by Grocers everywhere. ! Post Toasties