the Loop City Northwestern
w. ,
J. W. BT/RLEIGH, Publisher
Loup city, • • Nebraska
EPITOME OF EVENTS
PARAGRAPHS THAT PERTAIN TO
MANY SUBJECTS.
IRE SHORT OUT INTERESTING
Brief Mention of What is Transpiring
In Various Sections of Our Own
and Foreign Countries.
General.
A passenger train on the Chicago
& Alton was held up near Spring
field. 111.
The republic of Portugal is in a
state of unrest, with rival political
forces seeking control.
Passengers on the grounded fruit
6teamer Turrialba were safely trans
ferred to the revenue cutter Seneca.
Bubonic plague has broken out near
Popovka. in the government of Sama
ra. Twelve persons have died of the
disease and eight persons are under
treatment
Militant suffragettes made an ex
tensive attack upon the pillar letter
boxes in London. They employed
black and red fluids in an endeavor
to obliterate the addresses on the
heavy Christmas mail.
Twelve hundred immigrants from
all parts of the world, detained on
threshold of the new world, were
fiven a taste of Uncle Sam's Christ
tias cheer that increased their anx
iety to enter.
In view of the unsatisfactory posi
tion of the opium question, the Chi
nese government has issued a mani
festo reiterating its desire to suppress
the evil and to save the people from
a life of degradation,
i At Atlanta, Ga„ more than 200 pa
V tients shot, cut, bruised, burned and
I injured otherwise were received by
] the hospitals as a result of the cele
| bration of Christmas with fireworks,
pistols and other noise-making de
vices.
In a speech at Boston, Col. Roose
velt severely criticised the war de
partment for lack ot preparation in
time of peace. His remarks are caus
ing comment.
Bitten on the nose by a rat while
sleeping, Clifford Mull, a musician, at
Traverse, Mich., nearly bled to death.
A vein in Mull's nose was cut. Blood
poisoning is feared.
Denver’s chief of police advised
women to keep their purses in their
stockings. One of them did so. While
she was asleep in a chair a smooth
burglar took off her stockings and got
the purse. Now she dosen’ believe in
police protection.
Boarding house keepers all over
the country may celebrate for the ex
press companies have been compelled
by the government to cut down the
rate on prunes. It was brought about
through the agency of the parcels
post.
Bert Dalton bank robber, one time
' deader of the Whitney gang that held
western Wyoming in terror a year
ago, and the man who engineered a
sensational jail break of nineteen
convicts from the Rawlins peniten
tiary. was captured at Big Piaey,
Wyoming.
Charges that Martin B. Madden of
Chicago obtained his re-election to
congress from the First Illinois dis
trict by expenditures in violation of
the law, w-ere made in notice of con
test filed with the house by andrew
Donovan, the democratic and progres
sive candidate from that district.
Major General Leonard Wood, chief
of staff who has just been named as
chief marshal of the approaching in
auguration parade, has begun to out
line his plans for a military, naval
and civic demonstration. General
Wood's purpose is to make the Wil
son inauguration parade as well bal
anced as possible.
With both hands cut off and lfis
skull fractured. Max Von Bulow, said
to be a descendant of Count Von Bu
low. the famous German general, was
picked up on the railroad track near
the Nevada state line Thursday
nieht and died two hours later in the
railroad hospital at Starks.
Two of the ten buildings of the
Akron plant of the Intternational Har
vester company were destroyed by fire,
the loss being $:;00,00d. The company
manufactured automobiles and farm
implements and 1,100 men will tem
porarily be out of work.
The Portuguese premier, Dr. Duarte
Leite, on his return from Oporto, will
hand to the president of the republic
tfle resignation of the cabinet.
Chicago’s cattle receipts show a
decrease and prices are correspond
ingly increased. This is true in spite
of the fact that more money was paid
out for cattle in 1912 than in 1911.
After pleading not guilty to charges
of receiving deposits after his bank
was insolvent, Bernard F. O’Neil, for
mer president of the defunct State
Bank of Commerce of Wallace, Idaho,
was held in llefault of $18,000 bail in
district court.
The Barre Wool Co. of Massachu
setts paid goverment tines amounting
to $20,000 for violations of the alien
contract labor law.
Cambridge, Mass., was chosen as
the next place of meeting by the
annual convention of the National
Language Association of America at
Its closing session in Philadelphia.
On the ground that the applicant
was neither a iree white person nor a
negro, as provided in the constitution.
Akhay Kumar Mohumder, a Hindu
Yogi, was debarred from citizenship
by Federal Judge Frank H. Rudkins
in Spokane.
The National Press club of Wash
ington ha6 been accorded the unique
distinction of comprising the sole free
list of the London Times.
An attempt at wholesale prison de
livery by Boldier prisoners at Fortress
Monroe was frustrated when a special
v guard detected the men saving iron
\ f-« rr!eon window.
The will of the late French battle
Painter Edouard leaves his residence
as a museum of historical custumes.
Judge N. B. Neelen, in the dis
trict court of Milwaukee, fined Martin
Premak $25 because he spat on a
bible.
President-elect Wilson favors the in
dependence of the Philippines.
Football Coach Williams declares
the game as now played is nearly per.
feet.
Long hours and small wages is the
plaint of mill-workers at Little Falls,
N. Y.
Mrs. Harriet Burnham told a Chi
cago jury she shot her husband while
he was cruelly beating her.
Police Commissioner Waldo is un
der fire before the New York alder
manic committee of investigation.
A Georgia farm hand confessed
murdering a plantation owner at the
behest, he said, of the victim’s wife.
Colonel GoethaP has ordered that
no photographs be taken of the Pana
ma canal.
Swensen Bros., wholesale notion
house, sustained $100,000 tire loss on
the night of Dec. 27th at Omaha.
Two violent earthquake shocks oc
curred at Messina and Reggio di
Calabria, Sicily. The disturbance
caused a great panic, although there
were no casualties.
Federal Judge Day in Cleveland au
thorized William M. Duncan, receiver
i for the Wheeling & Lake Erie Ra.il
' road company, to issue $2,425,000 in
receiver's equipment.
At a private Chicago bank which
advertised to pay 100 per cent inter
est a year, “on all deposits from one
sent to $15,000,000,” was closed with
the arrest of F. B. Carson, its pro
moter.
The international institute of agri- |
culture at Rome has reported the
year’s average crop figures. For Ger
many, wheat. 160,227,000; rye, 456,
608,000; oats, 965,999,000. and barley,
159,927,000 bushels.
Senator Brown, chairman of the
sub-committee of the judiciary com
mittee of the senate, has called a
meeting of his committee on the
Booker contract convict, labor bill for
Thursday morning, January 3.
The countess of Aberdeen, whose
! husband is lord lieutenant of Ireland,
will visit the United States directly
after the holidays and will be a guest
at the British embassy in Washing
ton.
Lee S. Overman, junior unitea
States senator from North Carolina,
was operated upon in Washington for
appendicitis. The operation was en
tirely successful and his physician
said conditions were entirely favor
able. The senator stood the operation
very well.
At New Rochelle. N. Y„ Waldorf
Miller, who, contrary to the predic
tion of physicians, has lived for near
ly eighteen months with a broken
back, celebrated his Christmas by
going out for his first walk in the
streets since July 2, 1911, when he re
ceived the injury while diving.
Relics of the poet John Greenleaf
Whittier, including autograph letters
from notables all over the world and
manuscripts, were burned or seriously
damaged by smoke and water in a
fire which partly consumed the build
ing occupied by the Whittier House
association in Amesbury. Mass.
Fifty young women arrested in an
anti-vice crusade here in Cleveland,
O., sentenced in police court to attend
church four consecutive Sundays in
lieu of fines. After the fourth Sunday
shall have passed Judge Arthur C.
Frick annonced that any of them who
may be convicted again may be sen
tenced to the workhouse.
Tired and footsore but still enthu
siastic and glorying in the fact that
they reached their destination two
days ahead of schedule, the little band
of suffragette pilgrims, who walked
174 miles from New York to present
a message to Governor-elect Sulzer ad
vocating votes for women, arrived in
Albany shortly after 4 o’clock Satur
day noon.
The United States government, with
stern and decisive switness Satfurday
took into its possession thirty-eight
union labor officials convicted of con
spiracy of promoting explosions on
non-union work throughout the land,
of aiding in the destructfon which
brought loss of life at Los Angeles,
Cal., and of carrying on a “reign of
I terror" declared to be unparalleled in
| the history of the country.
Personal.
Governor Wilson begins to feel the
strain of doing double duty.
An era of investigation will con
front congress when it reconvenes.
Many New York suffragettes, hik
ing to Albany, got footsore and quit.
James R. Keene of New York, fam
ous as a race horse owner, is critically
ill.
Governor Wilson spent Christmas
day in bed, suffering from a slight at
tack of grippe.
Cong. J. G. McHenry of Pennsylva
nia is dead. He was 54 years old,
and a member of the past three con
gresses.
General Edward J. McClernand. on
his statutory retirement for age will
be retired with the status of a briga
dier general of the line.
Mrs. S. A. Dillon, the.first white
j child born in territory now known as
I Kansas, died in Kansas City, aged 83.
English men of prominence favor
international celebration of a hundred
! years of peace with the United States.
I Mexican rebels are credited with
. an important victory in the capture
! of this town of Casas Grandes.
Former President Castro of Vene
! zuela, on his way from Paris to New
! York, may not be permitted to land,
j Ensign Fitzhugh Green, U. S. N.,
has been detailed to accompany the
! "Crockerland expedition” to the Arc
tic.
L. W. Chase of Lincoln, Neb., has
been chosen president of the Ameri
can Society of Agriculture Engineers
at its annual meeting in Chicago.
James J. Hill, the Great Northen
railway magnate, announced the en
gagement of his daughter. Miss Ra
chael, to Dr. Agil Boeckmann. The
date of the wedding has not been an
nounced.
After eating his Christmas dinner,
Rev. Henry G. Ganss, rector of St.
Mary’s Catholic church of Lancaster,
Pa., and widely km>wn as a musician
and composer, was stricken with apo
plexy and died at his home.
HOW THE TURKS
Desperate Defense of Adrianople
Saved the Capital.
UPSET PLANS OF THE ALLIES
Frederick Palmer Tells of the Furious
Fighting by the Ottoman Armies
That Balked Demetrieff
and Ivanoff.
By FREDERICK PALMER,
Staff Correspondent of the Chicago
Record-Herald in the Balkan War.
Mustapha Pasha.—The minarets of
Sultan Selim!
Needle-like, I have seen them rise
over the indistinct mass of Adriano
ple from the distant hills, then as
substantial columns from the nearby
hills, and again so close from the
shellproof of an advanced infantry
position that ! could make out the
tilings on the dome of the great
mosque itself.
The simple grace of the minarets
dominated town, and landscape, and
siege. Weary drivers of the weary
oxen of the transport and still wear
ier artillerymen, bringing up addi
tional guns through seas of mud, saw
them for the first time ap a token of
defiance, of work unfinished, of bat
tles yet to be fought, and of lives yet
to be lost.
Infantrymen in the advanced
trenches saw them as the goal
against a foe which had fallen back
without any adequate rear guard sec
tion. but which had begun to fight
desperately under their shadows.
That Turkish garrison, as it with
drew into the shelter of its forts,
seemed to find something of the spirit
of old Sultan Selim the Magnificent,
for whom the mosque was named,
but with this difference: Sultan
Selim was not given to falling back
on forts and minarets. He stormed
forts; he went ahead to plant new
minarets in the soli of Christendom.
Rousei Old Turka^ Spirit
From the first in this war the Turk
took the defensive: from the first he
acepted it as his part and portion of
the campaign.
in Bulgaria, where many Turks still
five under Christian rule, we had
seen the Terrible Turk, the great
fighting man of thb past, whose soul
was supposed to be above lowly toil,
as a hewer of wood and a carrier of
water. He did odd jobs in the ab
sence of the Bulgarian at the front.
The lion of the past had been trained
to dog harness.
All the early victories of the Bul
garian army completed an impression
nf a one-time lordly race demoralized
and enervated, who retained only the
fatalism of “Kismet,” in its iexocon.
The warrior's cry, “For Allah!” was
lost forever. But at Adrianople “For
Allah! For the Minarets! For the
Padisha!" rose again to the dignity
w hich abandoned bravery always com
mands.
The sheer, impetuous fearlessness
af the Bulgarian, well drilled and
coolly manipulated, was the first
great revelation of the campaign, and
the second was how. in the hour of
hopelessness, his desperation arous
pd the old qualities of the Turk.
Every situation, every development
in the war reverted to Adrianople. It
was the nut to crack in the first plan
of strategy of the campaign. It hov
ered over the first army before
Tchatalja as a nightmare. It stood
In the way of the prompt supplies of
bread and bullets for the first army:
it delayed the signing of the armis
tice for ten days: it has been the
main subject of contention before
the London peace conference: it was
responsible for the treatment of the
military attaches, who saw- nothing of
the war. and of the correspondents—
who saw little.
War Hinges on Adrianople.
Even our phlegmatic little English
speaking censor assistant at Musta
p'fta would lose his temper at the
very suggestion of any peace terms
with- Adrianople still in Turkish pos
session.
"\\ e shall have a revolution If we
den t get Adrianople." I have heard
many officers say.
"We shall not go home without
Adrianople." the wounded soldiers
returning from the front kept repeat
ing.
Such were the instructions which
Dr Daneff. the Elihu Root of the Bal
kans, took with him to London. Ad
rianople was graven on the minds of
his countrymen. By diplomacy he
must get a fortress which was not
vet taken by force of arms.
Glance at a map and you will see
that the whole success of the allies
depended on bottling up the Turk on
the peninsula, so that all the other
Turkish forces from Scutari to Adri
anople. from Kumanova to Hassona,
should be cut off from communica
tion. The Greeks, Serbs, and Mon
tenegrins were the backs. The Bul
garians undertook to buck the line.
Bulgaria did not have to consider
a reserve army. European public
opinion and the jealousies of the pow
ers acted as efficient substitutes, for
the Bulgarian military statesmanship
understood that if Bulgaria were beat
en the powers would never permit
Turkey to take an inch of Bulgarian
soil. It was a case of "Heads I win,
tails I Jon’t lose."
Turks Awake to Crisis.
The Turks knew this. too. it was :
an old situation to them. Successful I
Simplify Life.
"I do believe in simplicity. It Is as
tonishing as well as sad, howr many
trivial affairs even the wisest man
thinks he must attend to in a day;
how singular an affair he thinks he
must omit. When the mathematician
would solve a difficult problem he
first frees the equation of all incum
brances and reduces it to its slm-.
piest terms. So simplify the prob
lem of life, distinguish the neceBBary
wad the real.—Prom Thoreau "Let
tars.
t
war meant no aggrandizement only
that no more territory would be taken
from them. This is enough, after
some generations, to breed the defen
sive instinct in any soldier.
The Turk must have his back
against the wall in order to fight well.
His attitude is that of the mad bull
against the toreador; and p very mad
bull, we know, sometimes gets a horn
into the toreador’s anatomy and toss
es him over the palings. This hap
pened in a way at Adrianople.
"Victory is to the heaviest bat
talions,” Bonaparte said this, but aft
er Caesar said it after some general
of Egypt, Babylon or Nineveh.
The allies knew that their success
depende. on speed in a fall campaign
—speed and the shock of masses pour
ing over the frontier. Theirs was a
hundred-yard-dash chance.
The Serbs at Kumanova, their crit
ical battle, had odds of at least four to
one.
The Greeks never had less favor
able odds, usually much higher.
As for the Montenegrins, who had
a small show, what they did in one
way or another did not matter. They
had work to keep them fully occu
pied, as it developed in the siege of
Scutari.
The only one of the allies who dis
dained modern organization, their fail
ure to make any headway again em
phasizes the wide difference between
a body of men with rifles and an ac
tual army.
Bulgars Bear War's Brunt.
So the Bulgarians took the great
and telling work of the war on their
shoulders. You have only to know
the Bulgarians to understand that this
was inevitable.
There is stubborn and aggressive
character enough in Bulgaria to spare
for all southwestern Europe.
Bulgaria made a hundred-yard dash
with ox cart transportation, and made
it around an obstacle—Adrianople.
The main railroad line and the great
Constantinople highway ran by Adri
anople. It was on the direct line of
communication from the center of the
Bulgarian base to the center of its
objective.
In the center of Thrace, it was the
only'real fortress on the way to Con
stantinople. Kirk-Killisseh, or Losen
grade, as the Bulgarians call it, de
spite their willingness to allow an im
pression of its formidalility to be
spread abroad, was not in any sense
well fortified
Now, the first thing was to surround
Adrianople; that la. to strike at it
Trom all sides, as the key to the po
sition. A branch of the main Sofia
Constantinople railroad line runs to
Yamboli. With this as its base, Deme
triefT's. or the First, army swung
around Kirk-Kilisseh, which was tak
en in the first splendid ardor of the
campaign. With its fall anyone can
see from a staff map that any battle
line of defense with Adrianople as a
part of it was impossible for a force
of the numbers of the Turkish main
army.
Two or three hundred thousand
men who were homogeneous might
have held on, but not half that num
ber when badly organized. There
fore, Nazim Pasha had to fall back
to a new line and leave Adrianople
to care for itself.
Reveals Bulgar Courage.
The next step was the decisive bat
tle on the line from Lule Burgas to
Bunnarhissar.
There, again, superiority of num
bers, as well as organization, count
ed; that superiority, which makes a
heavy turning movement possible
while the enemy's front is engaged.
In short, the Bulgarians had the
Turks going. They gave the Turks
no rest, and they had a sufficient nu
merical preponderance, in addition to
the dependable courage of their in
fantry to guarantee success.
So there was nothing wonderful
about the strategy (of the campaign,
nothing new, nothing startling. The
old principle of the swift turning
movement had been applied to the sit
uation in hand.
By the flank the Japanese kept put
ting the Russians back from the Yalu
to Mukden. By the flank Grant put
Lee*back to Richmond.
There was just one, and only one,
startling feature in this war—Bulgari
an courage. That enabled DemetriefT
to gain at Kirk-Killisseh and Lule
Burgas in a hurry what with most
armies would have required much
more time.
DemetriefT had willing flesh for a
necessary sacrifice. He threw his in
fantry against frontal positions in a
cloud, into shrapnel and automatic
gun fire, without waiting to silence
the enemy's batteries.
tXpeCICU LU i anc rsui lanvpic
And after Lule Burgas the next step
would have seemed the storming of
Adrianople. When peace negotiations
should begin, it was a vital point in
their favor in the negotiations to have
Adrianople in their possession.
The Bulgarian treatment of the cor
respondents is one of the many in
dications that the Bulgarian staff did
at one time expect to take Adrianople
by storm.
It was argued by serious corre
spondents who did not feel that they
ought to waste their time or the
money of their papers in idleness,
that the Bulgarian government ought
not to have received any correspond
ents at all. But this was not logic to
the government. The press repre
sented public opinion. It could serve
a purpose, and all the college profess
ors in the land who spoke any for
eign language found their work in the
common cause, no less than grandfa
ther found his in driving an ox cart
and the- women in making bread.
The plan was well thought out, and
the regulations, which would fill a
column, left nothing that occurred to
officers or college professors out of
consideration. No mention was to be
Let Him Cultivate Patience. ;
The mebmers o! a church in the
southwest have given their pastor an
automobile. It is hoped that no
member of his congregation may be
present the first time the crank han
dle hits him on the elbow.
That Terrible Habit of Work.
Pat—“Say, Dinny, phwat wud yez
do if yez had all the money yez want
ed?" Dinny—"Oi’d be after goin’ to
me wur-rk in an autymobtle instead
of a trolley car."—Boston Transcript
___._v
made of the wounded, nor even of the
weather, if it were bad, for bad weath
er might tell the enemy that the roads
were bad.
While many an imaginary account,
because it had the similitude of nar
rative which characterizes all con
vincing fiction, was hailed as real
war correspondence, the Bulgarian
stafT, when it came to actual reports
of actions (exclusive of massacres),
was scrupulously exact and exasperat
ingly late and brief.
All praise by the press kept the ball
of the prestige of victory rolling. It
helped to convince the powers and
the Turk that the Bulgarian army
was irresistible. The stage climax
of the whole campaign would be the
fall of Adrianople. Therefore were
the correspondents moved to Musta
pha Pasha just as Buie Burgas was
being won; and Constantinople, being
then supposedly defended only by a
demoralized army, which could not
make a stand, every report from Mus
tapha Pasha which showed that
Adrianople was on the point of capit
ulation added to the stage effect of
Bulgarian triumph.
Turks Defy the Bulgars.
As the first Bulgarian army drew
near the Tchatalja lines, the mise en
scene was complete; but Nazim
Pasha, making use of the elapsed time
to fortify the Tchatalja lines, rather
than submit to the humiliating terms
offered, bade the Bulgarian hosts
"come on."
Success had turned the heads even
of the Bulgarian staff. They had be
gun to think that the old fighting qual
ity was out of the Turk, and so willing
was the Bulgarian infantry to under
go slaughter that it was only a case
of recording another charge of flesh
against shrapnel and automatic gun
fire, and the day was won.
Alas, an old principle of war, deal
ing with an impossibility of the same
order as squaring the circle in math
ematics, was now to bring generalship
back from the clouds to solid earth.
You can take strong positions in
front only with time by sapping and
mining and all the weary operations
of a siege, as the indomitable Grant
learned by the failure of his firsh rush
General Demetrieff.
at Vicksburg and the indomitable
Xogi learned by the failure of the first
rush attack at Port Arthur.
In a week, any army that has
spades and a few of the resources of
material which should be part of the
storehouse at its base should make
such a position as that of the series
of rising hills back of Tchatalja fully
tenable against any but siege attack,
unless there was room for a flank at
tack.
Turks Turn the Tables.
And the breadth of the position
open to Infantry approach in any at
tempt at storming was only 1G miles,
while from either sea side of the nar
row strip of peninsula the Turkish
navy could bring into play more pow
erful guns than any Demetrieff had at
his disposal.
At the same time there is to be
kept in view the generally accepted
tenet that yon must not send in
fantry against any well entrenched po
sition until Its batteries are silenced
or it is known that they can be kept
under control during the infantry at
tack by a well concentrated fire of
your own batteries.
UCUICII 1CU UDCU U1D guuo IU1 (1 uaj
in trying to develop the strength and
location of the enemy’s batteries. But
the Turks would not be drawn. At last
the tables were turned.
Meanwhile Adrianople also was tell
ing. You may discuss as much as you
please whether the original plan of
the Bulgarian staff was to mask this
fortress or to take it by storm, the
fact remains that the only result was
to mask it, and the lesson was that
any garrison in the rear of an advan
cing army, though it is held securely
in investment, remains a mighty force
in being for the enemy's purpose.
Nature meant Adrianople to be a
fortress. Past it on the south flows
the Maritza river, taking its origin in
the Balkans and plowing its way
across the alluvial lowlands of Thrace
to the sea. A strong bridge crosses it
on the line of the Constantinople high
way at Mustapha Pasha, some twenty
five miles from Adrianople.
This bridge, which is not far from
the Bulgarian frontier, the Turks left
intact, a characteristic piece of care
lessness in the earlier part of the war
in keeping with all other signs of Tur
kish demoralization and wrongheaded
ness, which might easily lead the Bul
garians to think that Adrianople would
not resist a brilliant onslaught.
Mustapha Pasha became the head
quarters of the second Bulgarian army.
Making Bomb-Thrower Out of Host.
An English wit of reputation, who
has been visiting New York for the
last two weeks, remarked at the con
clusion of a little dinner given him:
“It's been excellent. I never heard
older stories nor drank newer wine
in my life."
t Tenacious Woman.
, She has her hands full keeping her
temper, keeping her house, keeping
her cook, keeping her youth, keeping
her husband and other things.
under General Ivanoff, who waa t«
have the thankless task of the opera
tions around Adrianople. While easy
glory was to be the fortune of Deme
trieff, who commanded the first army
—until the first army had to take po
sitions in front without any oppoita
nity for Ranking, which was the na
ture of Ivanoff’s task from the start.
Ivanoff Wakes Up.
It was Papastepe and Kartaltepe
which wakened Ivanoff from his dream
of a final brilliant stroke in keeping
w-ith the earlier ones of the war, just
a3 Tchatalia brought Demetrleff down
from the clouds of overconfidence.
Papastepe is one of many hills in the
narrowing rib of the 203 Meter Hill
of the siege. With guns in position
there, Adrianople would be under
bombardment. The Bulgarians took
it by sending in the usual cloud of in
fantry and losing about a thousand
men. But the Turks took it back
again. Four times, I am told, it
changed hands in the course of those
night actions which we observed only
by the brilliant flashes in the sky
above the hills.
Far up the valley in the mist was
Kartaltepe, that other important hill
which commanded the river bottom of
the Arda. We took Kartaltepe in No
vember and a month afterward, in one
of their splendid sorties, the Turks
so far as I could learn, had taken it
back; but it was as untenable for
them as Papastepe was for the Bul
garians. Possibly because it was again
ours and very evidently ours perma
nently, the Bulgarian censors had
found it worth while to confound
skepticism and persistent unfriendly
rumors by allowing the correspon
dents to enter the promised land of
their dreams, where for weeks, be
tween the batteries on the hills and
the infantry in the muddy river hot
tom of the Arda. hell had raged in the
winter rains.
We did not know then, as we were
to know a few days later, that beyond
Kartaltepe in the direction of Dele
gatch was another force isolated from
the Adrianople garrison and the main
Turkish army, that of Taver Pasha
with 10.000 men, caught in the literal
flood of that 100-yard dash of the
ready, informed, prepared aggressor
against the unready enemy taken un
aware and hastening re-enforcements
to the scattered garrisons and trying
to adjust itself for the blow to fall
with the crash of a pile driver releas
ed from its clutch.
Discloses War Secret.
But Taver Pasha's 10,000 were still
a force in being, with guns and full
equipment—a force in a box; a force
in desperation.
Do you see the Adrianople garrison
(which was in touch by wireless with
the Turkish main army) striking out
to connect up with Taver Pasha? Do
you see Taver Pasha trying out lines
of least resistance in a savage effort
to reach Adrianople or the main Tur
kish army?
Something to stir the blood, this, in
the way of a war drama, while not a
single foreign correspondent or at
tache knew even of the existence of
Taver Pasha's command until its sur
render.
The news of this was conveyed with
the official assurance that now no oth
er Turkish force except that of Adri
anople remained in Thrace, when we
had been under the impression for
over a month that it was the only
one! The censors did not smile as
they posted the bulletin, but some of
the correspondents smiled—at them
selves.
No. after the first rainbow hope of a
successful general attack was over,
Ivanoff was fully occupied in holding
Adrianople safely in siege. That bat
tery of old Krupps. which fired over
the advanced Servian infantry posi
tion. while a battery of Creusots in
turn fired over it. added their items of
evidence to the same end.
These Krupps were taken by the
Russians at Plevna in the war of 1877
7S and given to the little army of the
new nation of Bulgaria. Bulgarian re
cruits had dragged them through the
muddy roads and over' the pastures
and beautifully emplaced them, and
were working them against the enemy
with boyish pride. But the world was
thinking only of the modern Creusots
and their brilliant showing.
The Bulgarians almost proved that
you can make bricks without straw.
They won the war by the bravery of
their self-confidence as well as by
their courage.
Adrianople. which was about to
starve if it did not fall. had. I am con
vinced. two months' supplies when the
armistice was signed. With the 19
and 20-year-old conscripts already on
the way to the front, with a casualty
list that is easily one-fifth of the whole
army, there was no sign of weakening.
The square chin of the stoical Bul
garian was as firmly set as ever,
wonder what would happen in Europe
if it included in its bordeA a nation o*.
100,000,000 Bulgarians!
Ancient Science.
It is generally supposed that those
who combated the opinion that the
earth was a sphere when Columbus
proposed his great voyage were only
giving expressions to opinions that
had always been entertained. But the
fact is that long before the Christian
era the Greek and Egyptian philoso
phers entertained the idea that the
earth was round and knew vastly
more about eclipses, the motions of
the moon and other astronomical mat
ters than many do even today. The
idea of Columbus had been anticipated
by the ancient philosophers by more
than sixteen centuries.
Seemingly Good Evidence.
“Is your son happily married?” "Yes.
I'm afraid he is. I've done my best
to convince him that she isn't worthy
of him. but he won't believe me."
Small Boy Again.
“Bobby, do you aee that bright star
overhead, at the top of the big cross?"
"Yes." "Well, that's Deneb. It is
nearly three quadrillions of miles
away.” “Huh! Then how do you know
its name is Deneb?"
Speak Guardedly.
Speak not at all, in any wise, till you
have somewhat to speak; care not for
the reward of your speaking, but sim
ply and with undivided mind for the
truth of your speaking.—Carlyle.
BIG GIFT 10 PEOPLE
PARCELS POST FOR AMERICA
AFTER TRYING THIRTY YEARS.
COMPETITION 0E THE EXPRESS
All Mailable Matter Affected, but
Distance Decides Postage Rate—
Expected to be a Boon.
Washington.—A New Year's gift by
the American government to the
American people will be a thoroughly
equipped domestic parcels post. Fol
lowing a consideration of the subject
tn a general way. for a third of a cen
tury, congress, last Augusauthorized
the postmaster general to establish a
new system on January 1, 1913.
In actual operation it is expected
that the parcels post will bring the
factory and the farm into closer touch
with the consumer, and that it may
reduce the cost of living. The larg
est city and the most obscure hamlet
alike will enjoy the advantages of th.
parcels post. It will be open to all
on precisely equal terms.
The new system will be a direct
competitor of the express companies,
particularly in small package busi
ness. By it, shippers practically may
tend from their own doors parcels t»
any one of the 60,000 postoffiees "in
the United States.
The rates of postage for parcels
post matter differ radically from
‘hose or other classes of mail. First,
second and third-class matter now is
‘ransported at a flat rate for any dis
‘ance. Parcels post rates are based
upon a series of zones, and they in
crease as the distance increases. The
*irst zone includes all territory within
a radius of approximately fifty miles
from the postoffice at which the par
cel may be mailed: the second, 150
miles; the third, 300 miles; the
fourth, 600 miles; the fifth. 1,00"
miles; the sixth, 1,400; the seventh,
1,800 miles, and the eighth, all ter
ritory beyond 1,800 miles.
Eleven Pounds Limit.
By the terms of the law, all mattter
•lot now embraced in the first, second
and third classes of mail matter may
be forwarded by parcels post, provided
a single package does not exceed
?leven pounds in weight or is not
greater in dimensions than seventy
two inches in comibned length and
girth, and is not of such a charac'tei
vs to injure postal employes or dam
age equipment or other mail matter
In a word it will include all kinds ot
merchandise.
Convicted Dynamiters to Appeal.
Indianapolis—The thirty-eight labor
mion officials convicted of conspiracy
ind of promoting the McNamara
dynamite plots throughout the eoun
•ry will face the possibility of receiv
ing prison terms ranging from any
minimum to a possible maximum of
thirty-nine and a half years.
From their temporary cells in the
bounty jail, the prisoners, handcuffed
between deputy marshals, will be tadi
'n before Federal Judge Albert B. An
derson at 10 a. m. Monday.
Meantime United States Marsnal
Edward Schmidt has arranged for a
special train to leave by a secret
• oute for the federal prison at Leav
enworth, Kan. ■ To prevent possible
demonstrations on the way to Leaven
worth no details as to the time of de
parture are to be announced but it is
known the train is to be ready to
start as soon as possible after the
court pronounces judgment on the
thirty-eight men, unless some of the
prisoners are allowed their liberty on
bonds pending appeals.
Motions for setting aside the ver
dicts and argument may delay the im
posing of sentences until Tuesday.
District Attorney Charles W. Miller
tirst will ask for judgments on the
verdicts and the motion for setting
them aside may require a full day's
session.
Garment Workers Strike Ordered
New York.—One hundred and fifty
thousand men, women and children, j
employed in the men’s clothing in- I
dustry in this city were ordered on |
strike Monday by the local executive 1
committee of the United Garment 1
Workers of America at a meeting 1
Sunday. Four thousand shops are ex
pected to be affected if the order is
obeyed.
Baby Smothered in Mother’s Arms.
Rockford, 111.—When Mr. and Mrs.
lohn Anderson of Harlem arrived
home after an eight-mile ride they
found their months old infant had
smothered to death in the mother's
arms.
Chicago After Bennett Aeroplane Cup.
Chicago.—A local syndicate of Chi.
cago capitalists are planning to build
a high speed racing aeroplane to com
pete in the 1913 James Gordon Hen
nett cup race.
Wheat Crop 235,000,000 Bushels.
Washington.—The Department of
Agriculture received a cablegram from
the International lnstititute of Agri
culture. Rome, Italy, stating that
Argentina’s wheat crop will be 235,
161,000 bushels; oats, I15,882,"»»n
bushels; flaxseed, 31,180,000 bushels.
Boy Killed by Young Gangsters.
Cincinnati.—Robert Kroger, aged 10
years, was killed here tonight in a
juvenile battle that raged for half an
hour in Mount Adams, a suburb by a
gang of young toughs.
Kills Children and Herse'f. j
Fort Smith, Ark.—In a fit of insan- 0
ity Mrs, Dan Redfern, 26 years old.
with an axe crushed the heads of her
two children, Clem, aged 2 years,
and Leonard. 4 moonths. The crazed
mother then cut her own throat with
a razor.
Experimenters in Horse Breeding.
Washington.—The secretary of agri
culture has announced the appoint
ment of a board to direct experiments
of the government in breeding horses
for milit^^» purposes.