TR.MMMT croa lrg In slgnifl
r«i> year by year and in the
fame nf Its appetizing atlri
I ite* the American Tbanks
C*.;« dinner has become
« »* - * n ut n in an luauiiitiua.
Is in cu' altu<>»t be soiii that
I has lecoM> more of an in*
diUika than the American
Thanks*: i tag tue!' At least
it the but doe*, not orer
(b<his the hotlda> a: home
l< tie* in foreign part* For.
be 1* Ui.ia. the American
f ThanL*git ins dit ber is now
ea;«*a "around the world.”
■ and ta th *e detached realms
of Areem-n roil or sehtunent
» !- ie - a— ir-tu nr !, -• important iea
*-re of the pragma lor. of course, there is no
ieftaU game and no manner such as many
Aaaen ana re.t upon for Thanksgiving diver*km.
and in the ■ ase at many of the exiles who ob
serve That X-g t .a;. „x rseas there l» nut even a
Thank**.» a* religions service such a* Is uni
versal nr hasps
i b net u -■ ■ a-;.her, that the < lfi. »rs >nd
• -n i t-w# *.te> and navy have intreduced the
TsaAe Thanfcagii mg dinner to benighted fend*
h*nd !f iftorsaw of Its delights. To he sure the
esdrurean bluejacket* amt the lads III kbnki
hare mr responsible for much if this gasiio
• •Q Jr m s*lunar) work.' k •: !t U also a fact
aert-aa diplomatic and consular oAclnis.
aret -os—, sU classes uf Americana resident
•hi - ad bare !«• their *h»r>- to preserve all
the -iddlona Of the Thanksgiving dinner ns a
ra':». In erery transput. :-d borne Kspecially.
• here there la a little ~Amerlean colony- In an
a t enriraameat U >h- TH. .Lsgiving dinner
rrgr.’ jnalonaly guarleu
it- whereas the American Thanksgiving dig.
«-e* ha heep- * in pg j-» nr»» *r». ud th* world
I ■ llkealae < me to ei,p.> more and more
tees ig* at home The ae jarring note in ;«nv
P «eep|-da> eulogy of the Thanksgiving dinner is
• • *•" found In ha g.eaiiy ‘nr tensed cost over
tae expense Involved for a *orrevpopdiiiu menu
a V. sears sic e Vj .-.-sou who gn.speo the
>r* of tae gh c*<*t of living’ Imip in the
recent political campaign can fail to reaiize
that (he «* * ier .* » very grave oae to the aver
age housekeeper. ard eapccially when It r.h
•ra 'ea Itself In enaaertioa with a holiday repast
• ht h ought to be an occasion for rare-free fea*:.
mg instaao uf domestic perplexities
Tie one <onaulatKa. If not compensation in
*ais s.oati e U to be lound in the knowledge
•bat onr Thanksgiving doners in this day ..ml
• era!Ion are va*t!y better than the like holi
d» spread of years gone by It Is aor so much
the dishes that go to make up the bill of
fare for the Notroirt koliday bare been
increased ta n filler «»r variety. Your
kloer demands oo Thanksgiving tbe et
«ea*»a*« sorb a* turkey and celery and ciaa
• *-rry wur, and pceipk.o pie which were the
and bye af lb* fewer la lk»- day* of Ida latter
•ad Me grandfather before bin: Tbe point 1*
'bet aa» of ike eatables are unquestionably
-'*• Savory tkan were ibeir counterparts of
• rsern! decade* ago and oitk all due respect^
'he kind lha* mother used to make—sum*
*•' *ke modern re. ipea seem to put it all over
*• md-tUaer» In garnishes and Ike preps: s
1'<■» «d padding* aad pastry, etr
Aad. speaking of ike ttuntt-n tbat hate
•see sbout. take the rur of the toothsome
t ■•key. band: n«-r of the whole hcdlday menu.
If would bo futile fa try to convince the high
brer of the tneniieth century mho resale in
bi* tullkfed or rheottiut fod turkey from Rhode
(■land or the mtddla west that hi* forefathers
ever enjoyed anything so delicious Certainly
' - -keys hats Increased la size. too. Judging
by tbe average weight throe that find tbeii
• ay to market However, fhl* latter develop
meat Is clearly Iramatde to the tendency of
turkey raisers to devote themselves almost
emrlantrely to the Hroaze. the largest of the
ala standard varieties of turkey*.
However, there are two side* to this turkey
story. aad the housewives who preside over
omaQ families are the ones »ho have had
brought home to them the disadvantageous
aide af tam boom ta the size of turkeys. With
the big kronas birds weighing from 1C to US
pm adz apiece—and usually nearer the latter
than the former figure -<-ru« ding tbe market
M la becoming every year more difficult for
the buyer af a family of two or three people
U gad a satisfactory pis. seven or eight pound
turkey It really begin* to look as though tbe
■maO families aould be driven lo hotels on
Tmatagtikg or etee be compelled ta take to
In imi dsn or entertain all 'heir friend* at the
Turkey keying. >oo. Is the phase of (be
jvlag ma he* ng where the increased
several) pinches the man
A dweller In any
af owr largo cities may consider himself de
tach these days If ha succeeds in
lewder turkey at Thanksgiving for
w pound, aad he Is much more likely
any figure up to 2$ or 10 cents per
prices here prevailed every
la fwceet year* la the New York
markets for the rholceet birds
of the central east have in ad
■r eastern turkey taters. because
Jilted, Builds Many Canals
_______ j* —■ — i ■
Britain just after he had attained his major
ity. A dispute arising between the
couple, the match was broken off.
The duke’s chagrin changed the course
of artificial in- of his life. Ue gave his lint and last
Include* NT- boll to the London world of fashion
of — —1 may he and then buried himself among his
origin la n mat- coal fields at Worsley. Eschewing
The duke the society of women, he refused even
originator of the to employ them as serrants In his
4 to hs —iTint manor bouse.
Disappointed In marrying the moat
beautiful woman In England, he de
termined to unite by means of a canal
bis coal fields with Manchester, then
beginning Its career as a manufac
| Hiring town. In those days good roads
were the exception, bad roads the
rule. The cottons of Manchester and
the woolens of Leeds wars conveyed
from place to place on pack horses,
which Jogged along la single file. The
freight charge from Leeds to London
was M3 a ton. When the dukd's canal
.was finished the prices of ooal and
other commodltes la Manchester fell
one-half.
The success of this canal started
the duke to build one which would
connect Manchester with Liverpool.
To procure the finds he reduced b»a
personal expenses to £400 s yaar.
So straitened wan he at times that
the Loudon bankers hesitated to dis
count hia note for £600. Sometimes,
when "hard up" be would send his
steward upon a collecting tour among
the tenantry of the ducal estates. The
steward would ride from tenant to
' tenant, getting £5 here and £19
there When he had collected money
enough he would return and pay the
canal laborer* their weekly wages. In
a tew years, however, the duke’s can
als paid him an annual revenue ot
£80,000.
Lone Their Freedom.
“All men are born free and equal.”
said the philosopher.
“I^know,” said the matter-of-fact
person. “But some of’em get married
_Hk
Dfis. m'stT' j& esMfiTVVc? yvtroe.
^4 <jrAtr£>-0'’r
y* ex* t£X»
ficlent for at least a couple of
pies—for the modest sum of four
or five cents. The newspapers
have given prominence this year
to the exploit of an Indiana farm
er who has raised a pumpkin as
large around as a wagon wheel
and weighing 150 pounds. How
ever, the record in pumpkin
growing is claimed by a Colorado
planter, who gets credit for pro
ducing a few years ago a pump
kin weighing more than 300
pounds.
Cranberries are a Thanksgiv
ing commodity the price of which
fluctuates widely In different
years. And yet we feel that we
must have them, almost without
regard to price, for if Thanks
giving is incomplete without the
turkey, certainly the turkey is
Incomplete without the cranber
ry' sauce. Cranberries are culti
vated to any extent in only three
states, namely, Massachusetts,
Wisconsin and New Jersey, and
the producing area being thus re
stricted it naturally follows that
when there comes a lean year
the shortage of the ruddy her
the rental of a special
type of car for the jour
ney and pay for the
services of a man who is
sent along to feed the
birds en route.
Owing to the mount
ing prices of turkey and
an occasional shortage
of supply — although
there is no prospect of
a turkey famine this
year—has iuduced an in
creasing number of fam
ilies all over the coun
try to substitute chicken.
Illinois. Indi
ana. Ohio and
other states
along the
backbone of
the country
are the great
centers of the
turkey Indus
trv, although
-*3fe~***Z» •* "il!
7'A!>LY'jt'rjiy/zrr/W(j. £}ZA/- les» surmise
Mf& *t a is■& st&fy/5?s?' somP of olir
readers to
learn that T>\uk !?aiis all the other states id
he I iiion in the number of turkeys produced.
Proximity of tlie* market to the rural dls
Tlct wbeice ii draws its supply of holiday
owls is a highly important consideration now
adays because the mistress of a city home
• an no longer purchase her Thanksgiving tur
key from a farmer who drives up to her door
marketing 'be products of his own farm. AH
he turkeys are handled nowdays through conv
missiou merchants, which means, of course,
that 'here is u middleman's profit to be paid
n» the tit (mate consumer. Another secret of
•h» piesenr high prices of turkeys lb found
in the fact that the live birds are shipped long
distances If they are transported by express
he expense is considerable, and If they make
•h« journey by freight the trip Is nearly as
< o*tly. inasmuch as the live birds are sent
by freight only In carload lets, wbfeb involves
duck or goose for the reguiauon mmuh6'"“6
fowl. The cost Is much less and the satisfac
tion equally great—once a householder has
freed himself from the tradition that Thanks
giving without turkey would not be Thanks
giving. Then. too. the Increasing number of
vegetarians and persons who have adopted a
diet of nuts or other meat substitutes, have
devised some very ingenious proxies for the -■
Thanksgiving dinner—non-meat dtshes that
even simulate the appearance of a tnrkey.
However, these new-fangled dishes can scarce
ly be recommended as cheap, owing to the
amounts of nuts and the number of eggs the
recipes call for.
In the face of soaring prices In so many
food lines, it is gratifying to note one Thanks
giving indispensable, the cost of which re
mains virtually unchanged. This la our old
friend, the pumpkin, dear to youth and old
age alike, in the form of the pumpkin pie. No
person has ever attempted to "corner" the
pumpkin crop, and probably bo person ever
will undertake such a miracle. The fact that
the great golden globes with their luscious
"tillin’ ’’ can be raised la every section of the
United States, and that, toe, without any
trouble, once the vines are planted. Is doubt
less responsible for the moderate prices that
always prevail. Probably there Is no town or
city in the country where a good-sired pump
kin cannot be purchased for 50 ceats, and to
most American markets one may bay a small
pumpkin—an orb of joy with ammunition »uf
| Menu of First Thanksgiving Feast 1
What did our Puritan ancestor* dine on at
netr first Thanksgiving feast'.' Surely they
did not set the standard which is being fol
lowed today on the Thanskglving dinner
menus.
We know that some things were lacking that
they must have greatly missed. There could
have been no butter, cream, tnllk. cheese, or
any dish that is principally made with milk,
because there were no cows In New England
until 1G2H, when John Wlnthrop, later their
worshipful governor, brought over four cows
trom England. The butter and cheese that
they took with them on the Mayflower were
loug since consumed. I hardly think they had
chicken pie for the feaat. for the fowls were
served as s rare delicacy for the sick. They
could have had eggs for their pies and pud
dings. Since they raised pumpkins they might
have had pumpkin pies. It they made them
with water.
In the ocean 'here was great abundance of
tieii. oysters, and other shellfish. Of coarse,
there »«■ none of their national dish, prime
toast lteef. no veal, lamb, mutton or pork.
There was plenty of deer, which would be a
good substitute In venalon. But they had one
thing that we like better than anything else
ou Thanksgiving day. Wild turkeys were very
abundant in the woods and fields about Ply
mouth, and the Indians went out apd shot a
targe number of them, and mode them their
contribution to the feast Governor Bradford
eayo in hip history that they were delicious
to eat. How fitting h is that the bird that is
the crowning glory of our Thanksgiving hoard
should have been the favorite meat of that his
toric first Thanksglvlg dinner!
There were, doubtless, onions, beets, pars
nips. cabbage or colewort, squash, and perhaps
other vegetables, tor a good variety of seeds
were brought over from Holland. Perhaps
there was succotash, and the Indians must
have made It. for It was something that the
Pilgrim cooks had never heard of before, and
we know that they learned later from the In
diana how to make It Now, what did they
have tor dessert I wonder? 1 think they may
have had some sort of pudding With huckle
berries tor plums. I doubt If they had much
sweetening tor their pudding and pumpkin
plea, aa their stock of sugar and molasses was
very limited. Perhaps they had a substitute.
There weirs fine wild grapes In the woods, and
' they had doubtless dried a store of w/ld straw
berries. cherries and plums. They surely did
not have any mince plea, nines the Pilgrim*
thought mince plee were very wicked, and
savored of Romanism. So they condemned
those who afterward made and ate them.
rjes is quickly reflected in ice price. However,
cranberries are never so very much of an ex
travagance because it requires such a modest
portion to make up a batch of cranberry sauce.
When cranberries are plentiful they sell whole
sale as low as $2 per barrel, but a few years
ago. when there was a cranberry famine, the
price went as high as $20 per barrel.
The business side of the problem of supplying
a Thanksgiving dinner for the American people
la by no means the least interesting phase of
this subject. The city of Chicago alone re
ceives during the week or ten days before
Thanksgiving as many as half a million turkeys,
valued In the aggregate, at wholesale prices, at
much more than a millions dollars. From Cape
Cod, Mass., the greatest cranberry growing dis
trict. there are shipped each autumn more than
one-third of a million car loads of cranberries,
and the major portion of this harvest finds its
way to Thanksgiving dinner tables. Many car
loads of celery from Michigan and other statea
swell the total cost of our Thanksgiving dinner
to millions.
iseeeeiwieiaetwieeiwiiiMiieeeit ■wawwawtw.wtw
: [ The Cat’s Thanks- | j
I giving Soliloquy lj
= MaaaaiMi»ii«Mi«iaiMHmal
I'm Just about tired of waiting
For my Thanksgiving treat;
I see them about the table.
And they eat, and eat. and eat.
They do not think of poor pnssy.
Who has had so long to wait;
Why doesn’t some one remember
5" That It’s growing very late.
t
And haven't I smelt that turkey
Since into the oven it went?
If they'd give Just one drumstick.
Why. then I’d be content.
But no, they sit there talking
And laughing aloud with glee;
I wish that some one among them
Would throw down a bone to me.
There's that greedy little Teddy.
Three times he’s passed his plate;
And that turkey's growing smaller
At a very rapid rate.
And see Jack’s face! 'Tis shining
With gravy up to his eyes.
I wonder they take no notice
When they hear my hungry cries.
Oh. dear! There’s dessert to follow.
The puddings and pumpkin pies
And the fruits and nuts and candy.
And oh. how fast times flies!
Ah. there's gentle little Ethel.
She’s so loving and so kind.
Sbe's bringing me some turkey bones
And a grateful cat she’ll find.
FRANK H. SWEET.
THANKSGIVING
1 thank thee. Life, for many, many gifts;
For wealth of bloom and tender song that llffc.
.Mv l!f* the heated highway’s p»»h above;
Put most of all I thank thee. Ufe. for Love!
1 thank thee for the body's he,!'i.; for friends;
The dally bread thy kindly bounty sends;
For all the goodly thing* that are or were;
. But most of all-d thank thee. Ufa,.for Her!
FOr Her I count of good thine utter store
That surfeits avarice. Thou hast no more.
No boon to win one covert sigh from me
When I have that whose giving beggars thee.
COMBINATION TANK ANDTROUGH
FOR SHEEP, HORSES AND CATTLE
Illustration Shows Convenient Addition Which Will Elimin
ate One Great Difficulty and Will be Found of Much
Value Where Water Is Pumped by Hand,
Engine or Wind Mill.
Frequently a simple method of wa
tering stock irill mean much on
many farms, especially where horses,
cattle and sheep drink from the same
trough. Large tanks do not permit
sheep to drink unless the tank is full,
therefrom, If cattle and horses lower
the water in the tank so it is only a
quarter of half full, the sheep will be
unable to reach it. The illustration
shows a convenient addition, says the
Orange Judd Farmer. This will be
found of great value where either wa
t ience it would be necessary to pump
the tank nearly full in order that
sheep might reach the water, whereas
by this method they will be able to
drink at once. The same is true in
the use of wind power. As soon as the
pump begins to work, the sheep have
access to the water.
This method is used with great
success in Conedale farm in Winotia
county, Minn. In this case the water
source is a large spring and the power
a couple of hydraulic rams. These
Drinking Trough for Sheep in Water Tank.
ter is pumped by band, by gasoline en
gine or wind power.
A small trough is sent in the end in
to which the water is pumped, and as
it overflows it runs into the larger
tank. A raised platform at this end
will make it possible for sheep to
reach into the tank. Where hand
power is required and the tank
is nearly empty, without this conven
rams work night and day, year in and
year out, and the inflow is adjusted as
shown in the illustration. Of course,
there is a continual flow of water in
to the tank, but there is an outlet
which permits the water to run from
this tank into another one in another
yard at a lower level. Though simple
in construction this attachment will
1 mean a great deal in watering stock.
BEST WAY TO
TOP DRESS GRAIN
Should be Done Darios the Fall
Months to Afford Proper
Protection for Roots
of Crop.
If grain is to be top dressed, the
work should be done in the fall, as it
is very necessary to have the grain
deep-rooted with sufficient top to pro
tect the roots. Haul and spread direct
from wagon or cart when the ground
is dry enough to haul over. The ma
nure should be fine and well rotted.
Clean, mellow ground should be
seeded to grass at the time of drilling
and sown to clover in the spring. The
early seeded grain nearly always gives
the best yield. Rather thin land
drilled to grain should be top dressed
with long strawy manure. If manure
cannot be had spread straw or leaf
mold from the woods. A thin cover
ing will protect the grain and grass,
and when rotted will help to keep the
soil moist and cool during the * hot
weather. Straw i3 worth fully $1.50
to $2.00 per ton to spread over the
grain. Ail straw not wanted for feed
ing and bedding should be used for
top-dressing grain and grass. Where
the land is not. too rolling and the
snows are not too heavy, there is no
better way to use the winter manure
than to haul it out. and when the
weather is suitable and the ground is
in condition to haul over and spread
it on either the grain or grass fields.
Much of the value of manure is wast
ed when it is piled in the yard, ex
posed to heavy rains and snows
There is litttle loss when spread over
sod land.
SUPPORT FOR
CELLAR DOOR
Excellent Device la Shown In Illns
tration for Use When Pass
axe-Way Is Wanted
Open.
The illustration shows a self-open
ing and self-closing support for a cellar
door. One-half of the door Is shown
opened and resting on the support A.
Support for Door.
The other half shows the support
fastened in place. It is. very simple
to tnake and attach.
Use a strip of wood for the support,
seven-eighths by two inches, with the
required length to allow the door to
rest at the height wanted when open.
Fasten two blocks with screws, one
on each door as shown, and attach a
support to each block with a tee
hinge. The folding bracket 15 is
easily made of a piece of hoop iron.
The support will lie nat on the door
when it is closed, according to the
Popular Mechanics, but will open up
to the right position for a support
as soon as the door is opened.
—
CROSSCUT SAW
IS VERY HANDY
Where Loss of Medium Size Are
to he Cut Implement Shown
Will be Found Con
venient.
It is often convenient to have a
crosscut saw that one man can use
for cutting medium sized logs, says
the Orange Judd Farmer. The one
shown herewith fills the bill very
well. It consists of a blade, a handle,
set as shown, and a how re-enforced
with wire around it at various points.
Preferably this bow should be of
well-seasoned hickory, ash or some
Crosscut Saw.
other tough, but not too heavy, wood
It is not necessary to have very iqftcb
spring in the bow. although some
spring adds rigidity and tension to
the saw, which can thus be run more
easily. The most important points
for the winding are toward the ends,
where the pole is split by Bawing to
admit blade. The pole should be only
a few inches longer than the saw
when laid out straight
Salt the Feed.
Lambs often prove to be mincers at
the trough; sometimes the feed gets
"blowed over," rained upon, or fouled
by the animals putting their feet into
the troughs; it then becomes neces
sary to clean the troughs often. Many
lambs take to ground feed very lndlf
ferently. We have found a great deal
of advantage In salting the lambs
feed, instead of keeping the salt be
fore them at all times. Handled in
this way our lambs clean up their
grain and ground feed much better,
and keep the troughs licked out all
the time. But avoid over-salting.
Damage by Locusts.
In southern and central Mexico large
swarms of locusts caused serious dam
age during the present season. Young
banana and rubber trees have been
completely stripped of leaves and
bark. On former visits these pests
have devastated only corn and other
field crops.
Orderliness on the Lawn.
Are we going to let the yard ana
garden go through the winter with
out a thorough cleaning up? If not,
now is the time to do that sort of
work. Mother and the girls will ap
preciate It.
NEED OF LQ
ON SOME SOILS
-
There X* bet On* Sort W»y ot
MnhUUT Known ib* Fault
andThat X* by Prmc
tical Trial.
There is only one sure way of de
termining whether a soli needs lime
ahd that is by trial. An application
| of Ume over a whole Held would be a
waste of both time and money if the
Held were not in need of such an ap
plication. It Is suggested that the
farmer who has not already proved
for himself whether his soils need
lime would better conduct a few sim
ple experiments at different points on
his farm.
A few barrels of lime or a few tons
of limestone would not coot a great
deal and the labor of treating a strip
with lime or ground limestone here
and there across different Helds In
which crops wars to be grown or so
treat a area here and there, at
different points In the Adds In which
crops are to be grown, would Involve
but a small amount of labor. These
areas should be very carefully located
and marked and the results of the ap
plications should be carefully studied
on the succeeding crops. It Is pos
sible that the effects, good and bad.
may be easily apparent It Is pos
sible that the effects can be dlscov
ered only by carefully cutting and
weighing the crops from portions of
the treated areas and comparing them
with the crops produced upon equa.'
adjacent areas.
Lime should not be applied to ma
nure piles nor to the litter in the barn
Lime should not be applied to land
being prepared for potatoes.—flrculai
11. Michigan Experiment StatMt,
White Corn Is Best.
Experiments carried on at the
Missouri experiment station during
the past four years show that Boons
county white corn Is the best variety
for general use In that state. The
next In order below this are Com
mercial White. St. Charles White and
Reeds Yellow Dent These varieties
are doubtless well adapted to other
southwestern states.
%, ■; _ V .,,fc ^ ■*%.